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+.\"
+.\" Copyright (c) 2002 Tim J. Robbins
+.\" All rights reserved.
+.\"
+.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+.\" are met:
+.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+.\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+.\"
+.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+.\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
+.\"
+.\" $FreeBSD$
+.\"
+.Dd December 27, 2002
+.Dt WORDEXP 3
+.Os
+.Sh NAME
+.Nm wordexp
+.Nd "perform shell-style word expansions"
+.Sh LIBRARY
+.Lb libc
+.Sh SYNOPSIS
+.In sys/types.h
+.In wordexp.h
+.Ft int
+.Fo wordexp
+.Fa "const char * restrict words"
+.Fa "wordexp_t * restrict we"
+.Fa "int flags"
+.Fc
+.Fo wordfree
+.Fa "wordexp_t *we"
+.Fc
+.Sh DESCRIPTION
+The
+.Fn wordexp
+function performs shell-style word expansion on
+.Fa words
+and places the list of words into the
+.Va we_wordv
+member of
+.Va we ,
+and the number of words into
+.Va we_wordc .
+.Pp
+The
+.Va flags
+argument is the bitwise inclusive OR of any of the following constants:
+.Bl -tag -width ".Dv WRDE_SHOWERR"
+.It Dv WRDE_APPEND
+Append the words to those generate by a previous call to
+.Fn wordexp .
+.It Dv WRDE_DOOFS
+As many
+.Dv NULL
+pointers as are specified by the
+.Va we_offs
+member of
+.Va we
+are added to the front of
+.Va we_wordv .
+.It Dv WRDE_NOCMD
+Disallow command substitution in
+.Fa words .
+See the note in
+.Sx BUGS
+before using this.
+.It Dv WRDE_REUSE
+The
+.Va we
+argument was passed to a previous successful call to
+.Fn wordexp
+but has not been passed to
+.Fn wordfree .
+The implementation may reuse the space allocated to it.
+.It Dv WRDE_SHOWERR
+Do not redirect shell error messages to
+.Pa /dev/null .
+.It Dv WRDE_UNDEF
+Report error on an attempt to expand an undefined shell variable.
+.El
+.Pp
+The
+.Vt wordexp_t
+structure is defined in
+.Pa wordexp.h
+as:
+.Bd -literal -offset indent
+typedef struct {
+        size_t  we_wordc;               /* count of words matched */
+        char    **we_wordv;             /* pointer to list of words */
+        size_t  we_offs;                /* slots to reserve in we_wordv */
+} wordexp_t;
+.Ed
+.Pp
+The
+.Fn wordfree
+function frees the memory allocated by
+.Fn wordexp .
+.Sh IMPLEMENTATION NOTES
+The
+.Fn wordexp
+function is implemented as a wrapper around the undocumented
+.Ic wordexp
+shell built-in command.
+.Sh RETURN VALUES
+The
+.Fn wordexp
+function returns zero if successful, otherwise it returns one of the following
+error codes:
+.Bl -tag -width ".Dv WRDE_NOSPACE"
+.It Dv WRDE_BADCHAR
+The
+.Fa words
+argument contains one of the following unquoted characters:
+<newline>,
+.Ql | ,
+.Ql & ,
+.Ql \&; ,
+.Ql < ,
+.Ql > ,
+.Ql \&( ,
+.Ql \&) ,
+.Ql { ,
+.Ql } .
+.It Dv WRDE_BADVAL
+An attempt was made to expand an undefined shell variable and
+.Dv WRDE_UNDEF
+is set in
+.Fa flags .
+.It Dv WRDE_CMDSUB
+An attempt was made to use command substitution and
+.Dv WRDE_NOCMD
+is set in
+.Fa flags .
+.It Dv WRDE_NOSPACE
+Not enough memory to store the result.
+.It Dv WRDE_SYNTAX
+Shell syntax error in
+.Fa words .
+.El
+.Pp
+The
+.Fn wordfree
+function returns no value.
+.Sh ENVIRONMENT
+.Bl -tag -width ".Ev IFS"
+.It Ev IFS
+Field separator.
+.El
+.Sh EXAMPLES
+Invoke the editor on all
+.Dq Li \&.c
+files in the current directory,
+and
+.Pa /etc/motd
+(error checking omitted):
+.Bd -literal -offset indent
+wordexp_t we;
+
+wordexp("${EDITOR:-vi} *.c /etc/motd", &we, 0);
+execvp(we->we_wordv[0], we->we_wordv);
+.Ed
+.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
+Diagnostic messages from the shell are written to the standard error output
+if
+.Dv WRDE_SHOWERR
+is set in
+.Fa flags .
+.Sh SEE ALSO
+.Xr sh 1 ,
+.Xr fnmatch 3 ,
+.Xr glob 3 ,
+.Xr popen 3 ,
+.Xr system 3
+.Sh STANDARDS
+The
+.Fn wordexp
+and
+.Fn wordfree
+functions conforms to
+.St -p1003.1-2001 .
+.Sh BUGS
+Do not pass untrusted user data to
+.Fn wordexp ,
+regardless of whether the
+.Dv WRDE_NOCMD
+flag is set.
+The
+.Fn wordexp
+function attempts to detect input that would cause commands to be
+executed before passing it to the shell
+but it does not use the same parser so it may be fooled.