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diff --git a/contrib/perl5/pod/perltoc.pod b/contrib/perl5/pod/perltoc.pod index 798a24d..7bae86e 100644 --- a/contrib/perl5/pod/perltoc.pod +++ b/contrib/perl5/pod/perltoc.pod @@ -13,22 +13,12 @@ through to locate the proper section you're looking for. =head2 perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -modularity and reusability using innumerable modules, embeddable and -extensible, roll-your-own magic variables (including multiple simultaneous -DBM implementations), subroutines can now be overridden, autoloaded, and -prototyped, arbitrarily nested data structures and anonymous functions, -object-oriented programming, compilability into C code or Perl bytecode, -support for light-weight processes (threads), support for -internationalization, localization, and Unicode, lexical scoping, regular -expression enhancements, enhanced debugger and interactive Perl -environment, with integrated editor support, POSIX 1003.1 compliant library - =item AVAILABILITY =item ENVIRONMENT @@ -50,232 +40,41 @@ environment, with integrated editor support, POSIX 1003.1 compliant library =head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 1999/05/23 20:38:02 $) -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -perlfaq: Structural overview of the FAQ, L<perlfaq1>: General Questions -About Perl, What is Perl?, Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it -free?, Which version of Perl should I use?, What are perl4 and perl5?, What -is perl6?, How stable is Perl?, Is Perl difficult to learn?, How does Perl -compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX, Scheme, or Tcl?, Can -I do [task] in Perl?, When shouldn't I program in Perl?, What's the -difference between "perl" and "Perl"?, Is it a Perl program or a Perl -script?, What is a JAPH?, Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?, -How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version -(5/5.005/Perl instead of some other language)?, L<perlfaq2>: Obtaining and -Learning about Perl, What machines support Perl? Where do I get it?, How -can I get a binary version of Perl?, I don't have a C compiler on my -system. How can I compile perl?, I copied the Perl binary from one machine -to another, but scripts don't work, I grabbed the sources and tried to -compile but gdbm/dynamic loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make -it work?, What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is -CPAN? What does CPAN/src/... mean?, Is there an ISO or ANSI certified -version of Perl?, Where can I get information on Perl?, What are the Perl -newsgroups on USENET? Where do I post questions?, Where should I post -source code?, Perl Books, Perl in Magazines, Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW -Access, What mailing lists are there for perl?, Archives of -comp.lang.perl.misc, Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl?, Where -do I send bug reports?, What is perl.com?, L<perlfaq3>: Programming Tools, -How do I do (anything)?, How can I use Perl interactively?, Is there a Perl -shell?, How do I debug my Perl programs?, How do I profile my Perl -programs?, How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?, Is there a -pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?, Is there a ctags for Perl?, Is there -an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?, Where can I get Perl macros for vi?, Where -can I get perl-mode for emacs?, How can I use curses with Perl?, How can I -use X or Tk with Perl?, How can I generate simple menus without using CGI -or Tk?, What is undump?, How can I make my Perl program run faster?, How -can I make my Perl program take less memory?, Is it unsafe to return a -pointer to local data?, How can I free an array or hash so my program -shrinks?, How can I make my CGI script more efficient?, How can I hide the -source for my Perl program?, How can I compile my Perl program into byte -code or C?, How can I compile Perl into Java?, How can I get C<#!perl> to -work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?, Can I write useful perl programs on the command -line?, Why don't perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?, Where can -I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?, Where can I learn about -object-oriented Perl programming?, Where can I learn about linking C with -Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp], I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't -embed perl inmy C program, what am I doing wrong?, When I tried to run my -script, I got this message. What does itmean?, What's MakeMaker?, -L<perlfaq4>: Data Manipulation, Why am I getting long decimals (eg, -19.9499999999999) instead of the numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?, -Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?, Does Perl have a round() -function? What about ceil() and floor()? Trig functions?, How do I -convert bits into ints?, Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?, How do I -multiply matrices?, How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?, -How can I output Roman numerals?, Why aren't my random numbers random?, How -do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year?, How do I find the current -century or millennium?, How can I compare two dates and find the -difference?, How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?, How -can I find the Julian Day?, How do I find yesterday's date?, Does Perl have -a year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?, How do I validate input?, How -do I unescape a string?, How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?, -How do I expand function calls in a string?, How do I find matching/nesting -anything?, How do I reverse a string?, How do I expand tabs in a string?, -How do I reformat a paragraph?, How can I access/change the first N letters -of a string?, How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?, How can I -count the number of occurrences of a substring within a string?, How do I -capitalize all the words on one line?, How can I split a [character] -delimited string except when inside[character]? (Comma-separated files), -How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?, How do I -pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?, How do I extract -selected columns from a string?, How do I find the soundex value of a -string?, How can I expand variables in text strings?, What's wrong with -always quoting "$vars"?, Why don't my <<HERE documents work?, What is the -difference between a list and an array?, What is the difference between -$array[1] and @array[1]?, How can I remove duplicate elements from a list -or array?, How can I tell whether a list or array contains a certain -element?, How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute -the intersection of two arrays?, How do I test whether two arrays or hashes -are equal?, How do I find the first array element for which a condition is -true?, How do I handle linked lists?, How do I handle circular lists?, How -do I shuffle an array randomly?, How do I process/modify each element of an -array?, How do I select a random element from an array?, How do I permute N -elements of a list?, How do I sort an array by (anything)?, How do I -manipulate arrays of bits?, Why does defined() return true on empty arrays -and hashes?, How do I process an entire hash?, What happens if I add or -remove keys from a hash while iterating over it?, How do I look up a hash -element by value?, How can I know how many entries are in a hash?, How do I -sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?, How can I always keep my -hash sorted?, What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with -hashes?, Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?, How -do I reset an each() operation part-way through?, How can I get the unique -keys from two hashes?, How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM -file?, How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?, -Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create it?, -How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or array -of hashes or arrays?, How can I use a reference as a hash key?, How do I -handle binary data correctly?, How do I determine whether a scalar is a -number/whole/integer/float?, How do I keep persistent data across program -calls?, How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?, How do I -define methods for every class/object?, How do I verify a credit card -checksum?, How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?, -L<perlfaq5>: Files and Formats, How do I flush/unbuffer an output -filehandle? Why must I do this?, How do I change one line in a file/delete -a line in a file/insert a line in the middle of a file/append to the -beginning of a file?, How do I count the number of lines in a file?, How do -I make a temporary file name?, How can I manipulate fixed-record-length -files?, How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass -filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?, -How can I use a filehandle indirectly?, How can I set up a footer format to -be used with write()?, How can I write() into a string?, How can I output -my numbers with commas added?, How can I translate tildes (~) in a -filename?, How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?, Why do -I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use <*>?, Is there a -leak/bug in glob()?, How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing -blanks?, How can I reliably rename a file?, How can I lock a file?, Why -can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")?, I still don't get locking. I just -want to increment the number in the file. How can I do this?, How do I -randomly update a binary file?, How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?, -How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?, How do I print to more than one -file at once?, How can I read in an entire file all at once?, How can I -read in a file by paragraphs?, How can I read a single character from a -file? From the keyboard?, How can I tell whether there's a character -waiting on a filehandle?, How do I do a C<tail -f> in perl?, How do I dup() -a filehandle in Perl?, How do I close a file descriptor by number?, Why -can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? What doesn't `C:\temp\foo.exe` -work?, Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?, Why does Perl let me -delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber protected files? Isn't -this a bug in Perl?, How do I select a random line from a file?, Why do I -get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?, L<perlfaq6>: Regexps, How -can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible and -unmaintainable code?, I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. -What's wrong?, How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are -themselves on different lines?, I put a regular expression into $/ but it -didn't work. What's wrong?, How do I substitute case insensitively on the -LHS, but preserving case on the RHS?, How can I make C<\w> match national -character sets?, How can I match a locale-smart version of C</[a-zA-Z]/>?, -How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?, What is C</o> really for?, -How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a file?, -Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?, What does it -mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?, How do I process -each word on each line?, How can I print out a word-frequency or -line-frequency summary?, How can I do approximate matching?, How do I -efficiently match many regular expressions at once?, Why don't -word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me?, Why does using $&, $`, or -$' slow my program down?, What good is C<\G> in a regular expression?, Are -Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?, What's wrong with -using grep or map in a void context?, How can I match strings with -multibyte characters?, How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the -user?, L<perlfaq7>: General Perl Language Issues, Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE -for the Perl language?, What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how -do I know when to use them?, Do I always/never have to quote my strings or -use semicolons and commas?, How do I skip some return values?, How do I -temporarily block warnings?, What's an extension?, Why do Perl operators -have different precedence than C operators?, How do I declare/create a -structure?, How do I create a module?, How do I create a class?, How can I -tell if a variable is tainted?, What's a closure?, What is variable suicide -and how can I prevent it?, How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, -Array, Hash, Method, Regex}?, How do I create a static variable?, What's -the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping? Between -local() and my()?, How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly -named lexical is in scope?, What's the difference between deep and shallow -binding?, Why doesn't "my($foo) = <FILE>;" work right?, How do I redefine a -builtin function, operator, or method?, What's the difference between -calling a function as &foo and foo()?, How do I create a switch or case -statement?, How can I catch accesses to undefined -variables/functions/methods?, Why can't a method included in this same file -be found?, How can I find out my current package?, How can I comment out a -large block of perl code?, How do I clear a package?, How can I use a -variable as a variable name?, L<perlfaq8>: System Interaction, How do I -find out which operating system I'm running under?, How come exec() doesn't -return?, How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?, How do I -print something out in color?, How do I read just one key without waiting -for a return key?, How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?, -How do I clear the screen?, How do I get the screen size?, How do I ask the -user for a password?, How do I read and write the serial port?, How do I -decode encrypted password files?, How do I start a process in the -background?, How do I trap control characters/signals?, How do I modify the -shadow password file on a Unix system?, How do I set the time and date?, -How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?, How can I measure time -under a second?, How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception -handling), Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? -What does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?, How can I call -my system's unique C functions from Perl?, Where do I get the include files -to do ioctl() or syscall()?, Why do setuid perl scripts complain about -kernel problems?, How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?, Why -can't I get the output of a command with system()?, How can I capture -STDERR from an external command?, Why doesn't open() return an error when a -pipe open fails?, What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?, How -can I call backticks without shell processing?, Why can't my script read -from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix, ^Z on MS-DOS)?, How can I -convert my shell script to perl?, Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp -session?, How can I write expect in Perl?, Is there a way to hide perl's -command line from programs such as "ps"?, I {changed directory, modified my -environment} in a perl script. How come the change disappeared when I -exited the script? How do I get my changes to be visible?, How do I close -a process's filehandle without waiting for it to complete?, How do I fork a -daemon process?, How do I make my program run with sh and csh?, How do I -find out if I'm running interactively or not?, How do I timeout a slow -event?, How do I set CPU limits?, How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?, -How do I use an SQL database?, How do I make a system() exit on control-C?, -How do I open a file without blocking?, How do I install a module from -CPAN?, What's the difference between require and use?, How do I keep my own -module/library directory?, How do I add the directory my program lives in -to the module/library search path?, How do I add a directory to my include -path at runtime?, What is socket.ph and where do I get it?, L<perlfaq9>: -Networking, My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. -(500 Server Error), How can I get better error messages from a CGI -program?, How do I remove HTML from a string?, How do I extract URLs?, How -do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a file on -another machine?, How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?, How do I fetch an -HTML file?, How do I automate an HTML form submission?, How do I decode or -create those %-encodings on the web?, How do I redirect to another page?, -How do I put a password on my web pages?, How do I edit my .htpasswd and -.htgroup files with Perl?, How do I make sure users can't enter values into -a form that cause my CGI script to do bad things?, How do I parse a mail -header?, How do I decode a CGI form?, How do I check a valid mail address?, -How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?, How do I return the user's mail -address?, How do I send mail?, How do I read mail?, How do I find out my -hostname/domainname/IP address?, How do I fetch a news article or the -active newsgroups?, How do I fetch/put an FTP file?, How can I do RPC in -Perl? - -=over - -=item Where to get this document - -=item How to contribute to this document +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item perlfaq: Structural overview of the FAQ. + +=item L<perlfaq1>: General Questions About Perl + +=item L<perlfaq2>: Obtaining and Learning about Perl + +=item L<perlfaq3>: Programming Tools + +=item L<perlfaq4>: Data Manipulation + +=item L<perlfaq5>: Files and Formats + +=item L<perlfaq6>: Regexps + +=item L<perlfaq7>: General Perl Language Issues + +=item L<perlfaq8>: System Interaction + +=item L<perlfaq9>: Networking + +=back + +=item About the perlfaq documents + +=over 4 + +=item Where to get the perlfaq + +=item How to contribute to the perlfaq =item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the authors @@ -286,7 +85,7 @@ authors =item Author and Copyright Information -=over +=over 4 =item Bundled Distributions @@ -296,19 +95,2244 @@ authors =item Changes -23/May/99, 13/April/99, 7/January/99, 22/June/98, 24/April/97, 23/April/97, -25/March/97, 18/March/97, 17/March/97 Version, Initial Release: 11/March/97 +1/November/2000, 23/May/99, 13/April/99, 7/January/99, 22/June/98, +24/April/97, 23/April/97, 25/March/97, 18/March/97, 17/March/97 Version, +Initial Release: 11/March/97 + +=back + +=head2 perlbook - Perl book information + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Declarations + +=item Simple statements + +=item Compound statements + +=item Loop Control + +=item For Loops + +=item Foreach Loops + +=item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements + +=item Goto + +=item PODs: Embedded Documentation + +=item Plain Old Comments (Not!) + +=back + +=back + +=head2 perldata - Perl data types + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Variable names + +=item Context + +=item Scalar values + +=item Scalar value constructors + +=item List value constructors + +=item Slices + +=item Typeglobs and Filehandles + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Terms and List Operators (Leftward) + +=item The Arrow Operator + +=item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement + +=item Exponentiation + +=item Symbolic Unary Operators + +=item Binding Operators + +=item Multiplicative Operators + +=item Additive Operators + +=item Shift Operators + +=item Named Unary Operators + +=item Relational Operators + +=item Equality Operators + +=item Bitwise And + +=item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or + +=item C-style Logical And + +=item C-style Logical Or + +=item Range Operators + +=item Conditional Operator + +=item Assignment Operators + +=item Comma Operator + +=item List Operators (Rightward) + +=item Logical Not + +=item Logical And + +=item Logical or and Exclusive Or + +=item C Operators Missing From Perl + +unary &, unary *, (TYPE) + +=item Quote and Quote-like Operators + +=item Regexp Quote-Like Operators + +?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>, +qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/, +s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, +y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds + +=item Gory details of parsing quoted constructs + +Finding the end, Removal of backslashes before delimiters, Interpolation, +C<<<'EOF'>, C<m''>, C<s'''>, C<tr///>, C<y///>, C<''>, C<q//>, C<"">, +C<``>, C<qq//>, C<qx//>, C<< <file*glob> >>, C<?RE?>, C</RE/>, C<m/RE/>, +C<s/RE/foo/>,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of +regular expressions + +=item I/O Operators + +=item Constant Folding + +=item Bitwise String Operators + +=item Integer Arithmetic + +=item Floating-point Arithmetic + +=item Bigger Numbers + +=back + +=back + +=head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Private Variables via my() + +=item Persistent Private Variables + +=item Temporary Values via local() + +=item Lvalue subroutines + +=item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs) + +=item When to Still Use local() + +=item Pass by Reference + +=item Prototypes + +=item Constant Functions + +=item Overriding Built-in Functions + +=item Autoloading + +=item Subroutine Attributes + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Perl Functions by Category + +Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching, +Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data, +Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed +length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories, +Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related +to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process +groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and +object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess +communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network +info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted +in perl5 + +=item Portability + +=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions + +I<-X> FILEHANDLE, I<-X> EXPR, I<-X>, abs VALUE, abs, accept +NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME, +binmode FILEHANDLE, DISCIPLINE, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME, +bless REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE, +chomp LIST, chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop LIST, chop, chown LIST, chr NUMBER, +chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir DIRHANDLE, +connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT, +dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, defined, delete +EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, dump LABEL, dump, +each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST, +exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, fcntl +FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, +fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, getc, getlogin, +getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam +NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname +NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr +ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, +getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, +getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent +STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, +endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET, +getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL, +goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex, +import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl +FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST, +last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length, +link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR, +lock, log EXPR, log, lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK +LIST, map EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MASK, mkdir FILENAME, msgctl +ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd +ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my EXPR : ATTRIBUTES, next LABEL, next, no Module +LIST, oct EXPR, oct, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,LIST, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open +FILEHANDLE, opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord EXPR, ord, our EXPR, pack +TEMPLATE,LIST, package NAMESPACE, package, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop +ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR, pos, print FILEHANDLE LIST, print LIST, print, +printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST, printf FORMAT, LIST, prototype FUNCTION, +push ARRAY,LIST, q/STRING/, qq/STRING/, qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, +quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta, rand EXPR, rand, read +FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdir +DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR, readlink, readpipe EXPR, recv +SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo, ref EXPR, ref, rename +OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR, require, reset EXPR, reset, +return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir DIRHANDLE, rindex +STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME, rmdir, s///, scalar +EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir DIRHANDLE,POS, select +FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl +ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send +SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority +WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY, +shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, +shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep +EXPR, sleep, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, socketpair +SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort BLOCK LIST, +sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH, +splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split +/PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST, sqrt EXPR, +sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, +study, sub BLOCK, sub NAME, sub NAME BLOCK, substr +EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr +EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen +FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread +FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek +FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite +FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, +syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie +VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate +FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR, +ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack +TEMPLATE,EXPR, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use Module VERSION LIST, +use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use VERSION, utime LIST, +values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn +LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y/// + +=back + +=back + +=head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures? + +=item The Solution + +=item Syntax + +=over 4 + +=item Making References + +=item Using References + +=back + +=item An Example + +=item Arrow Rule + +=item Solution + +=item The Rest + +=item Summary + +=item Credits + +=over 4 + +=item Distribution Conditions + +=back + +=back + +=head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes, +more elaborate constructs + +=item REFERENCES + +=item COMMON MISTAKES + +=item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE + +=item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C<use strict> + +=item DEBUGGING + +=item CODE EXAMPLES + +=item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS + +=over 4 + +=item Declaration of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS + +=item Generation of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS + +=item Access and Printing of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS + +=back + +=item HASHES OF ARRAYS + +=over 4 + +=item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS + +=item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS + +=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS + +=back + +=item ARRAYS OF HASHES + +=over 4 + +=item Declaration of a ARRAY OF HASHES + +=item Generation of a ARRAY OF HASHES + +=item Access and Printing of a ARRAY OF HASHES + +=back + +=item HASHES OF HASHES + +=over 4 + +=item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES + +=item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES + +=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES + +=back + +=item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS + +=over 4 + +=item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS + +=item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS + +=item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS + +=back + +=item Database Ties + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item The Guide + +=over 4 + +=item Simple word matching + +=item Using character classes + +=item Matching this or that + +=item Grouping things and hierarchical matching + +=item Extracting matches + +=item Matching repetitions + +=item More matching + +=item Search and replace + +=item The split operator + +=back + +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=over 4 + +=item Acknowledgments + +=back + +=back + +=head2 perlpod - plain old documentation + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Verbatim Paragraph + +=item Command Paragraph + +=item Ordinary Block of Text + +=item The Intent + +=item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules + +=item Common Pod Pitfalls + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 perlstyle - Perl style guide + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Awk Traps + +=item C Traps + +=item Sed Traps + +=item Shell Traps + +=item Perl Traps + +=item Perl4 to Perl5 Traps + +Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps, Numerical +Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps - scalar, list contexts, +Precedence Traps, General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc, +Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps + +=item Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps + +Discontinuance, Deprecation, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, +Discontinuance, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, BugFix, +Discontinuance, Deprecation, Discontinuance, Discontinuance + +=item Parsing Traps + +Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing + +=item Numerical Traps + +Numerical, Numerical, Numerical, Bitwise string ops + +=item General data type traps + +(Arrays), (Arrays), (Hashes), (Globs), (Globs), (Scalar String), +(Constants), (Scalars), (Variable Suicide) + +=item Context Traps - scalar, list contexts + +(list context), (scalar context), (scalar context), (list, builtin) + +=item Precedence Traps + +Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, +Precedence + +=item General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc. + +Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular +Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, +Regular Expression + +=item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps + +(Signals), (Sort Subroutine), warn() won't let you specify a filehandle + +=item OS Traps + +(SysV), (SysV) + +=item Interpolation Traps + +Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, +Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation + +=item DBM Traps + +DBM, DBM + +=item Unclassified Traps + +C<require>/C<do> trap using returned value, C<split> on empty string with +LIMIT specified + +=back + +=back + +=head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems + +OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS + +=item Location of Perl + +=item Command Switches + +B<-0>[I<digits>], B<-a>, B<-C>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-d:>I<foo[=bar,baz]>, +B<-D>I<letters>, B<-D>I<number>, B<-e> I<commandline>, B<-F>I<pattern>, +B<-h>, B<-i>[I<extension>], B<-I>I<directory>, B<-l>[I<octnum>], +B<-m>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>, +B<-[mM]>[B<->]I<module=arg[,arg]...>, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>, +B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I<name>, B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X>, +B<-x> I<directory> + +=back + +=item ENVIRONMENT + +HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLLIB, PERL5DB, PERL5SHELL +(specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL, +PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port) + +=back + +=head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings + +=item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W> + +=item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line + +B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X> + +=item Backward Compatibility + +=item Category Hierarchy + +=item Fatal Warnings + +=item Reporting Warnings from a Module + +=back + +=item TODO + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item use strict + +=item Looking at data and -w and w + +=item help + +=item Stepping through code + +=item Placeholder for a, w, t, T + +=item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS + +=item OUTPUT TIPS + +=item CGI + +=item GUIs + +=item SUMMARY + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=item CONTRIBUTORS + +=back + +=head2 perldebug - Perl debugging + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item The Perl Debugger + +=over 4 + +=item Debugger Commands + +h [command], p expr, x expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], T, s [expr], n +[expr], r, <CR>, c [line|sub], l, l min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, +-, w [line], f filename, /pattern/, ?pattern?, L, S [[!]regex], t, t expr, +b [line] [condition], b subname [condition], b postpone subname +[condition], b load filename, b compile subname, d [line], D, a [line] +command, a [line], A, W expr, W, O booloption .., O anyoption? .., O +option=value .., < ?, < [ command ], << command, > ?, > command, >> +command, { ?, { [ command ], {{ command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !! +cmd, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, man [manpage] + +=item Configurable Options + +C<recallCommand>, C<ShellBang>, C<pager>, C<tkRunning>, C<signalLevel>, +C<warnLevel>, C<dieLevel>, C<AutoTrace>, C<LineInfo>, C<inhibit_exit>, +C<PrintRet>, C<ornaments>, C<frame>, C<maxTraceLen>, C<arrayDepth>, +C<hashDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>, C<globPrint>, C<DumpDBFiles>, +C<DumpPackages>, C<DumpReused>, C<quote>, C<HighBit>, C<undefPrint>, +C<UsageOnly>, C<TTY>, C<noTTY>, C<ReadLine>, C<NonStop> + +=item Debugger input/output + +Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame +listing + +=item Debugging compile-time statements + +=item Debugger Customization + +=item Readline Support + +=item Editor Support for Debugging + +=item The Perl Profiler + +=back + +=item Debugging regular expressions + +=item Debugging memory usage + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item BUGS + +=back + +=head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Predefined Names + +$ARG, $_, $<I<digits>>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $', +$LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+, $MULTILINE_MATCHING, $*, +input_line_number HANDLE EXPR, $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $, +input_record_separator HANDLE EXPR, $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/, +autoflush HANDLE EXPR, $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|, output_field_separator HANDLE +EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,, output_record_separator HANDLE +EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, $\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", +$SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $OFMT, $#, format_page_number HANDLE +EXPR, $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%, format_lines_per_page HANDLE EXPR, +$FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=, format_lines_left HANDLE EXPR, +$FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START, @-, C<$`> is the same as +C<substr($var, 0, $-[0])>, C<$&> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[0], $+[0] +- $-[0])>, C<$'> is the same as C<substr($var, $+[0])>, C<$1> is the same +as C<substr($var, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1])>, C<$2> is the same as +C<substr($var, $-[2], $+[2] - $-[2])>, C<$3> is the same as C<substr $var, +$-[3], $+[3] - $-[3])>, format_name HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_NAME, $~, +format_top_name HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^, +format_line_break_characters HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, +$:, format_formfeed HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, +$CHILD_ERROR, $?, $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, +$EVAL_ERROR, $@, $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, +$EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, $>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(, +$EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), $PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C, +$DEBUGGING, $^D, $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, +$OSNAME, $^O, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, +0x100, 0x200, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S, +$BASETIME, $^T, $PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W, ${^WARNING_BITS}, +${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, $ARGV, @ARGV, @INC, @_, %INC, +%ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr} + +=item Error Indicators + +=item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names + +=back + +=item BUGS + +=back + +=head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays + +=item Growing Your Own + +=item Access and Printing + +=item Slices + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Open E<agrave> la shell + +=over 4 + +=item Simple Opens + +=item Pipe Opens + +=item The Minus File + +=item Mixing Reads and Writes + +=item Filters + +=back + +=item Open E<agrave> la C + +=over 4 + +=item Permissions E<agrave> la mode + +=back + +=item Obscure Open Tricks + +=over 4 + +=item Re-Opening Files (dups) + +=item Dispelling the Dweomer + +=item Paths as Opens + +=item Single Argument Open + +=item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT + +=back + +=item Other I/O Issues + +=over 4 + +=item Opening Non-File Files + +=item Binary Files + +=item File Locking + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT + +=item HISTORY + +=back + +=head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Part 1: The basics + +=over 4 + +=item Simple word matching + +=item Using character classes + +=item Matching this or that + +=item Grouping things and hierarchical matching + +=item Extracting matches + +=item Matching repetitions + +=item Building a regexp + +=item Using regular expressions in Perl + +=back + +=item Part 2: Power tools + +=over 4 + +=item More on characters, strings, and character classes + +=item Compiling and saving regular expressions + +=item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression + +=item Non-capturing groupings + +=item Looking ahead and looking behind + +=item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking + +=item Conditional expressions + +=item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression + +=item Pragmas and debugging + +=back + +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=over 4 + +=item Acknowledgments + +=back + +=back + +=head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +i, m, s, x + +=over 4 + +=item Regular Expressions + +cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit + +=item Extended Patterns + +C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>, +C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?<!pattern)>, C<(?{ +code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>, +C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)> + +=item Backtracking + +=item Version 8 Regular Expressions + +=item Warning on \1 vs $1 + +=item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring + +=item Combining pieces together + +C<ST>, C<S|T>, C<S{REPEAT_COUNT}>, C<S{min,max}>, C<S{min,max}?>, C<S?>, +C<S*>, C<S+>, C<S??>, C<S*?>, C<S+?>, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>, +C<(?!S)>, C<(?<!S)>, C<(??{ EXPR })>, +C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> + +=item Creating custom RE engines + +=back + +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures + +=over 4 + +=item NOTE + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Making References + +=item Using References + +=item Symbolic references + +=item Not-so-symbolic references + +=item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash + +=item Function Templates + +=back + +=item WARNING + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlform - Perl formats + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Format Variables + +=back + +=item NOTES + +=over 4 + +=item Footers + +=item Accessing Formatting Internals + +=back + +=item WARNINGS + +=back + +=head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item If we could talk to the animals... + +=item Introducing the method invocation arrow + +=item Invoking a barnyard + +=item The extra parameter of method invocation + +=item Calling a second method to simplify things + +=item Inheriting the windpipes + +=item A few notes about @ISA + +=item Overriding the methods + +=item Starting the search from a different place + +=item The SUPER way of doing things + +=item Where we're at so far... + +=item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it? + +=item Invoking an instance method + +=item Accessing the instance data + +=item How to build a horse + +=item Inheriting the constructor + +=item Making a method work with either classes or instances + +=item Adding parameters to a method + +=item More interesting instances + +=item A horse of a different color + +=item Summary + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Creating a Class + +=over 4 + +=item Object Representation + +=item Class Interface + +=item Constructors and Instance Methods + +=item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors + +=item Destructors + +=item Other Object Methods + +=back + +=item Class Data + +=over 4 + +=item Accessing Class Data + +=item Debugging Methods + +=item Class Destructors + +=item Documenting the Interface + +=back + +=item Aggregation + +=item Inheritance + +=over 4 + +=item Overridden Methods + +=item Multiple Inheritance + +=item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects + +=back + +=item Alternate Object Representations + +=over 4 + +=item Arrays as Objects + +=item Closures as Objects + +=back + +=item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods + +=over 4 + +=item Autoloaded Data Methods + +=item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods + +=back + +=item Metaclassical Tools + +=over 4 + +=item Class::Struct + +=item Data Members as Variables + +=back + +=item NOTES + +=over 4 + +=item Object Terminology + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=over 4 + +=item Acknowledgments + +=back + +=back + +=head2 perltootc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Class Data in a Can + +=item Class Data as Package Variables + +=over 4 + +=item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket + +=item Inheritance Concerns + +=item The Eponymous Meta-Object + +=item Indirect References to Class Data + +=item Monadic Classes + +=item Translucent Attributes + +=back + +=item Class Data as Lexical Variables + +=over 4 + +=item Privacy and Responsibility + +=item File-Scoped Lexicals + +=item More Inheritance Concerns + +=item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key + +=item Translucency Revisited + +=back + +=item NOTES + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS + +=item HISTORY + +=back + +=head2 perlobj - Perl objects + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item An Object is Simply a Reference + +=item A Class is Simply a Package + +=item A Method is Simply a Subroutine + +=item Method Invocation + +=item WARNING + +=item Default UNIVERSAL methods + +isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] ) + +=item Destructors + +=item Summary + +=item Two-Phased Garbage Collection + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT) + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item OO SCALING TIPS + +=item INSTANCE VARIABLES + +=item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES + +=item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE + +=item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS + +=item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS + +=item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM + +=item THINKING OF CODE REUSE + +=item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT + +=item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR + +=item DELEGATION + +=back + +=head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Tying Scalars + +TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, UNTIE this, +DESTROY this + +=item Tying Arrays + +TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value, +FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this, +key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this, +UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST, UNTIE this, DESTROY +this + +=item Tying Hashes + +USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE +this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY +this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, UNTIE this, DESTROY this + +=item Tying FileHandles + +TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, +LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, UNTIE this, +DESTROY this + +=item UNTIE this + +=item The C<untie> Gotcha + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes, +safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores) + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Signals + +=item Named Pipes + +=over 4 + +=item WARNING + +=back + +=item Using open() for IPC + +=over 4 + +=item Filehandles + +=item Background Processes + +=item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent + +=item Safe Pipe Opens + +=item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process + +=item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself + +=back + +=item Sockets: Client/Server Communication + +=over 4 + +=item Internet Line Terminators + +=item Internet TCP Clients and Servers + +=item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers + +=back + +=item TCP Clients with IO::Socket + +=over 4 + +=item A Simple Client + +C<Proto>, C<PeerAddr>, C<PeerPort> + +=item A Webget Client + +=item Interactive Client with IO::Socket + +=back + +=item TCP Servers with IO::Socket + +Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse + +=item UDP: Message Passing + +=item SysV IPC + +=item NOTES + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation (EXPERIMENTAL, subject to change) + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes + +$$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept +filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to +files, directories and network sockets + +=item Resource limits + +=item Killing the parent process + +=item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes + +=item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS + +BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented, +Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger +application, Thread-safety of extensions + +=back + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Storing numbers + +=item Numeric operators and numeric conversions + +=item Flavors of Perl numeric operations + +Arithmetic operators except, C<no integer>, Arithmetic operators except, +C<use integer>, Bitwise operators, C<no integer>, Bitwise operators, C<use +integer>, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a +string + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item What Is A Thread Anyway? + +=item Threaded Program Models + +=over 4 + +=item Boss/Worker + +=item Work Crew + +=item Pipeline + +=back + +=item Native threads + +=item What kind of threads are perl threads? + +=item Threadsafe Modules + +=item Thread Basics + +=over 4 + +=item Basic Thread Support + +=item Creating Threads + +=item Giving up control + +=item Waiting For A Thread To Exit + +=item Errors In Threads + +=item Ignoring A Thread + +=back + +=item Threads And Data + +=over 4 + +=item Shared And Unshared Data + +=item Thread Pitfall: Races + +=item Controlling access: lock() + +=item Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks + +=item Queues: Passing Data Around + +=back + +=item Threads And Code + +=over 4 + +=item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access + +Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores + +=item Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines + +=item Subroutine Locks + +=item Methods + +=item Locking A Subroutine + +=back + +=item General Thread Utility Routines + +=over 4 + +=item What Thread Am I In? + +=item Thread IDs + +=item Are These Threads The Same? + +=item What Threads Are Running? + +=back + +=item A Complete Example + +=item Conclusion + +=item Bibliography + +=over 4 + +=item Introductory Texts + +=item OS-Related References + +=item Other References + +=back + +=item Acknowledgements + +=item AUTHOR + +=item Copyrights + +=back + +=head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I<is> +portable + +=item ISSUES + +=over 4 + +=item Newlines + +=item Numbers endianness and Width + +=item Files and Filesystems + +=item System Interaction + +=item Interprocess Communication (IPC) + +=item External Subroutines (XS) + +=item Standard Modules + +=item Time and Date + +=item Character sets and character encoding + +=item Internationalisation + +=item System Resources + +=item Security + +=item Style + +=back + +=item CPAN Testers + +Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results: +http://testers.cpan.org/ + +=item PLATFORMS + +=over 4 + +=item Unix + +=item DOS and Derivatives + +=item S<Mac OS> + +=item VMS + +=item VOS + +=item EBCDIC Platforms + +=item Acorn RISC OS + +=item Other perls + +=back + +=item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS + +=over 4 + +=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions + +-I<X> FILEHANDLE, -I<X> EXPR, -I<X>, alarm SECONDS, alarm, binmode +FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt +PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec +LIST, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, +getlogin, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, +getgrnam NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr +ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, +getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, +setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, +setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, +endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, +ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill SIGNAL, LIST, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, +lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, +msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, +open FILEHANDLE, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink EXPR, readlink, +select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget +KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP, +setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt +SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, +shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, socketpair +SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, +symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen +FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate +FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST, +wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS + +=back + +=item CHANGES + +v1.48, 02 February 2001, v1.47, 22 March 2000, v1.46, 12 February 2000, +v1.45, 20 December 1999, v1.44, 19 July 1999, v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22 +May 1999, v1.41, 19 May 1999, v1.40, 11 April 1999, v1.39, 11 February +1999, v1.38, 31 December 1998, v1.37, 19 December 1998, v1.36, 9 September +1998, v1.35, 13 August 1998, v1.33, 06 August 1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998, +v1.30, 03 August 1998, v1.23, 10 July 1998 + +=item Supported Platforms + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS + +=item VERSION + +=back + +=head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and +localization) + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES + +=item USING LOCALES + +=over 4 + +=item The use locale pragma + +=item The setlocale function + +=item Finding locales + +=item LOCALE PROBLEMS + +=item Temporarily fixing locale problems + +=item Permanently fixing locale problems + +=item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration + +=item Fixing system locale configuration + +=item The localeconv function + +=back + +=item LOCALE CATEGORIES + +=over 4 + +=item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation + +=item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types + +=item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting + +=item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts + +=item LC_TIME + +=item Other categories + +=back + +=item SECURITY + +=item ENVIRONMENT + +PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY, +LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG + +=item NOTES + +=over 4 + +=item Backward compatibility + +=item I18N:Collate obsolete + +=item Sort speed and memory use impacts + +=item write() and LC_NUMERIC + +=item Freely available locale definitions + +=item I18n and l10n + +=item An imperfect standard + +=back + +=item BUGS + +=over 4 + +=item Broken systems + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item HISTORY + +=back + +=head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl (EXPERIMENTAL, subject to +change) + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Important Caveat + +Input and Output Disciplines, Regular Expressions, C<use utf8> still needed +to enable a few features + +=item Byte and Character semantics + +=item Effects of character semantics + +=item Character encodings for input and output + +=back + +=item CAVEATS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS + +=over 4 + +=item ASCII + +=item ISO 8859 + +=item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1) + +=item EBCDIC + +=item 13 variant characters + +=item 0037 + +=item 1047 + +=item POSIX-BC + +=back + +=item SINGLE OCTET TABLES + +recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4 + +=item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS + +=item CONVERSIONS + +=over 4 + +=item tr/// + +=item iconv + +=item C RTL + +=back + +=item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES + +=item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES + +chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack() + +=item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES + +=item SOCKETS + +=item SORTING + +=over 4 + +=item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences. + +=item MONO CASE then sort data. + +=item Convert, sort data, then re convert. + +=item Perform sorting on one type of machine only. + +=back + +=item TRANFORMATION FORMATS + +=over 4 + +=item URL decoding and encoding + +=item uu encoding and decoding + +=item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding + +=item Caesarian cyphers + +=back + +=item Hashing order and checksums + +=item I18N AND L10N + +=item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS + +=item OS ISSUES + +=over 4 + +=item OS/400 + +IFS access + +=item OS/390 + +chcp, dataset access, OS/390 iconv, locales + +=item VM/ESA? + +=item POSIX-BC? + +=back + +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item REFERENCES + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 perlsec - Perl security + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data + +=item Switches On the "#!" Line + +=item Cleaning Up Your Path + +=item Security Bugs + +=item Protecting Your Programs + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables) + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Packages + +=item Symbol Tables + +=item Package Constructors and Destructors + +=item Perl Classes + +=item Perl Modules + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY + +=over 4 + +=item Pragmatic Modules + +attributes, attrs, autouse, base, blib, bytes, charnames, constant, +diagnostics, fields, filetest, integer, less, lib, locale, open, ops, +overload, re, sigtrap, strict, subs, utf8, vars, warnings, +warnings::register + +=item Standard Modules + +AnyDBM_File, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, +B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse, +B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash, B::Terse, +B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, CGI::Cookie, +CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util, CPAN, +CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::Struct, Cwd, DB, +DB_File, Devel::SelfStubber, DirHandle, Dumpvalue, English, Env, Exporter, +Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install, +ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, +ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_Win32, +ExtUtils::MakeMaker, ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, +ExtUtils::Mksymlists, ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, +File::Basename, File::CheckTree, File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, +File::Find, File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Epoc, +File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix, +File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache, +FileHandle, FindBin, GDBM_File, Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, I18N::Collate, +IO, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, Math::Complex, +Math::Trig, Net::Ping, Net::hostent, Net::netent, Net::protoent, +Net::servent, O, Opcode, POSIX, Pod::Checker, Pod::Find, Pod::Html, +Pod::InputObjects, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Man, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser, +Pod::Plainer, Pod::Select, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, +Pod::Text::Overstrike, Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage, SDBM_File, Safe, +Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell, Socket, Symbol, +Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap, Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test, +Test::Harness, Text::Abbrev, Text::ParseWords, Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, +Text::Wrap, Thread, Thread::Queue, Thread::Semaphore, Thread::Signal, +Thread::Specific, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::RefHash, +Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::Local, Time::gmtime, Time::localtime, +Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, User::grent, User::pwent, Win32 + +=item Extension Modules + +=back + +=item CPAN + +=over 4 + +=item Africa + +=item Asia + +=item Central America + +=item Europe + +=item North America + +=item Oceania + +=item South America + +=back + +=item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse + +=over 4 + +=item Guidelines for Module Creation + +Adding a Copyright Notice + +=item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules + +=item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code + +=back + +=item NOTE + +=back + +=head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item PREAMBLE + +B<DECOMPRESS> the file, B<UNPACK> the file into a directory, B<BUILD> the +module (sometimes unnecessary), B<INSTALL> the module + +=back + +=item PORTABILITY + +=item HEY + +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Warning + +=item What should I make into a module? + +=item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground + +Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again + +=item Step-by-step: Making the module + +Start with F<h2xs>, Use L<strict|strict> and L<warnings|warnings>, Use +L<Carp|Carp>, Use L<Exporter|Exporter> - wisely!, Use L<plain old +documentation|perlpod>, Write tests, Write the README + +=item Step-by-step: Distributing your module + +Get a CPAN user ID, C<perl Makefile.PL; make test; make dist>, Upload the +tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs! + +=back + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO =back =head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.23 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30 $) -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item What is Perl? @@ -340,7 +2364,7 @@ Scheme, or Tcl? =item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms? =item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version -(5/5.005/Perl instead of some other language)? +5/5.005/Perl instead of some other language? =back @@ -351,11 +2375,11 @@ Scheme, or Tcl? =head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.32 $, $Date: 1999/10/14 18:46:09 $) -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it? @@ -407,11 +2431,11 @@ References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics =head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.38 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30 $) -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item How do I do (anything)? @@ -431,6 +2455,10 @@ References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics =item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor? +CodeMagicCD, Komodo, The Object System, PerlBuilder, Perl code magic, +visiPerl+, GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright, +MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, BBEdit and BBEdit Lite, Alpha + =item Where can I get Perl macros for vi? =item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs? @@ -472,7 +2500,7 @@ References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics =item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp] =item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in -my C program, what am I doing wrong? +my C program; what am I doing wrong? =item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it mean? @@ -488,13 +2516,13 @@ mean? =head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.49 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 20:37:49 $) -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION =item Data: Numbers -=over +=over 4 =item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)? @@ -520,7 +2548,7 @@ Trig functions? =item Data: Dates -=over +=over 4 =item How do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year? @@ -540,7 +2568,7 @@ Trig functions? =item Data: Strings -=over +=over 4 =item How do I validate input? @@ -592,7 +2620,7 @@ the tag =item Data: Arrays -=over +=over 4 =item What is the difference between a list and an array? @@ -600,11 +2628,7 @@ the tag =item How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array? -a) If @in is sorted, and you want @out to be sorted:(this assumes all true -values in the array), b) If you don't know whether @in is sorted:, c) Like -(b), but @in contains only small integers:, d) A way to do (b) without any -loops or greps:, e) Like (d), but @in contains only small positive -integers: +a), b), c), d), e) =item How can I tell whether a list or array contains a certain element? @@ -637,7 +2661,7 @@ intersection of two arrays? =item Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays) -=over +=over 4 =item How do I process an entire hash? @@ -676,7 +2700,7 @@ array of hashes or arrays? =item Data: Misc -=over +=over 4 =item How do I handle binary data correctly? @@ -701,11 +2725,11 @@ array of hashes or arrays? =head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.38 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30 $) -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this? @@ -790,11 +2814,11 @@ protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl? =head2 perlfaq6 - Regexes ($Revision: 1.27 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30 $) -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible and unmaintainable code? @@ -808,7 +2832,7 @@ different lines? =item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong? -=item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS, but preserving +=item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving case on the RHS? =item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets? @@ -826,7 +2850,7 @@ file? =item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it? -=item How do I process each word on each line? +=item How do I process each word on each line? =item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary? @@ -857,11 +2881,11 @@ file? =head2 perlfaq7 - Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.28 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 20:36:18 $) -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language? @@ -936,11 +2960,11 @@ is in scope? =head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.39 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 18:37:57 $) -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under? @@ -984,7 +3008,7 @@ STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies =item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling) -=item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What +=item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean? =item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl? @@ -1028,8 +3052,6 @@ complete? =item How do I fork a daemon process? -=item How do I make my program run with sh and csh? - =item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not? =item How do I timeout a slow event? @@ -1066,13 +3088,13 @@ search path? =head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.26 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30 $) -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 -=item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500 +=item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500 Server Error) =item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program? @@ -1113,6 +3135,8 @@ CGI script to do bad things? =item How do I send mail? +=item How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message? + =item How do I read mail? =item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address? @@ -1129,417 +3153,370 @@ CGI script to do bad things? =back -=head2 perldelta - what's new for perl v5.6.0 +=head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item Core Enhancements +=over 4 -=over +=item Layout -=item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency +B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref -=item Lexically scoped warning categories +=back -=item Unicode and UTF-8 support +=item Using The Back Ends -=item Support for interpolating named characters +=over 4 -=item "our" declarations +=item The Cross Referencing Back End -=item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals +i, &, s, r -=item Improved Perl version numbering system +=item The Decompiling Back End -=item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes +=item The Lint Back End -=item File and directory handles can be autovivified +=item The Simple C Back End -=item open() with more than two arguments +=item The Bytecode Back End -=item 64-bit support +=item The Optimized C Back End -=item Large file support +B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, +B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, +B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref -=item Long doubles +=back -=item "more bits" +=item KNOWN PROBLEMS -=item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines +=item AUTHOR -=item C<sort $coderef @foo> allowed +=back -=item File globbing implemented internally +=head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program -Support for CHECK blocks +=over 4 -=item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported +=item DESCRIPTION -Better pseudo-random number generator +=over 4 -=item Improved C<qw//> operator +=item PREAMBLE -Better worst-case behavior of hashes +B<Use C from Perl?>, B<Use a Unix program from Perl?>, B<Use Perl from +Perl?>, B<Use C from C?>, B<Use Perl from C?> -=item pack() format 'Z' supported +=item ROADMAP -=item pack() format modifier '!' supported +=item Compiling your C program -=item pack() and unpack() support counted strings +=item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program -=item Comments in pack() templates +=item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program -=item Weak references +=item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program -=item Binary numbers supported +=item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program -=item Lvalue subroutines +=item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program -=item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references +=item Maintaining a persistent interpreter -=item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues +=item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances -=item exists() is supported on subroutine names +=item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C +program -=item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements +=back -=item Pseudo-hashes work better +=item Embedding Perl under Win32 -=item Automatic flushing of output buffers +=item MORAL -=item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations +=item AUTHOR -=item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle +=item COPYRIGHT -=item eof() has the same old magic as <> +=back -=item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes +=head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging -=item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text" +=over 4 -=item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Improved diagnostics +=item Debugger Internals -=item Diagnostics follow STDERR +=over 4 -More consistent close-on-exec behavior +=item Writing Your Own Debugger -=item syswrite() ease-of-use +=back -=item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators +=item Frame Listing Output Examples -=item Bit operators support full native integer width +=item Debugging regular expressions -=item Improved security features +=over 4 -More functional bareword prototype (*) +=item Compile-time output -=item C<require> and C<do> may be overridden +C<anchored> I<STRING> C<at> I<POS>, C<floating> I<STRING> C<at> +I<POS1..POS2>, C<matching floating/anchored>, C<minlen>, C<stclass> +I<TYPE>, C<noscan>, C<isall>, C<GPOS>, C<plus>, C<implicit>, C<with eval>, +C<anchored(TYPE)> -=item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character +=item Types of nodes -=item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch +=item Run-time output -=item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string +=back -=item Optional Y2K warnings +=item Debugging Perl memory usage -=back +=over 4 -=item Modules and Pragmata +=item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}> -=over +C<buckets SMALLEST(APPROX)..GREATEST(APPROX)>, Free/Used, C<Total sbrk(): +SBRKed/SBRKs:CONTINUOUS>, C<pad: 0>, C<heads: 2192>, C<chain: 0>, C<tail: +6144> -=item Modules +=item Example of using B<-DL> switch -attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper, -DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English, -Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec, -File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt, -Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker, -podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage, -pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname, -Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters +C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704> -=item Pragmata +=item B<-DL> details + +C<!!!>, C<!!>, C<!> + +=item Limitations of B<-DL> statistics =back -=item Utility Changes +=item SEE ALSO -=over +=back -=item dprofpp +=head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs -=item find2perl +=over 4 -=item h2xs +=item DESCRIPTION -=item perlcc +=item SPECIAL NOTES -=item perldoc +=over 4 -=item The Perl Debugger +=item make + +=item Version caveat + +=item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading =back -=item Improved Documentation +=item TUTORIAL -perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod, -perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod, -perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod, -perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod +=over 4 -=item Performance enhancements +=item EXAMPLE 1 -=over +=item EXAMPLE 2 -=item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized +=item What has gone on? -=item Optimized assignments to lexical variables +=item Writing good test scripts -=item Faster subroutine calls +=item EXAMPLE 3 -delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster +=item What's new here? -=back +=item Input and Output Parameters -=item Installation and Configuration Improvements +=item The XSUBPP Program -=over +=item The TYPEMAP file -=item -Dusethreads means something different +=item Warning about Output Arguments -=item New Configure flags +=item EXAMPLE 4 -=item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring +=item What has happened here? -=item Long Doubles +=item Anatomy of .xs file -=item -Dusemorebits +=item Getting the fat out of XSUBs -=item -Duselargefiles +=item More about XSUB arguments -=item installusrbinperl +=item The Argument Stack -=item SOCKS support +=item Extending your Extension -=item C<-A> flag +=item Documenting your Extension -=item Enhanced Installation Directories +=item Installing your Extension -=back +=item EXAMPLE 5 -=item Platform specific changes +=item New Things in this Example -=over +=item EXAMPLE 6 -=item Supported platforms +=item New Things in this Example -=item DOS +=item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon) -=item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS) +=item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon) -=item VMS +=item EXAMPLE 9 (Coming Soon) -=item Win32 +=item Troubleshooting these Examples =back -=item Significant bug fixes +=item See also -=over +=item Author -=item <HANDLE> on empty files +=over 4 -=item C<eval '...'> improvements +=item Last Changed -=item All compilation errors are true errors +=back -=item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer +=back -=item Behavior of list slices is more consistent +=head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual -=item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}> +=over 4 -=item C<goto &sub> and AUTOLOAD +=item DESCRIPTION -=item C<-bareword> allowed under C<use integer> +=over 4 -=item Failures in DESTROY() +=item Introduction -=item Locale bugs fixed +=item On The Road -=item Memory leaks +=item The Anatomy of an XSUB -=item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls +=item The Argument Stack -=item Taint failures under C<-U> +=item The RETVAL Variable -=item END blocks and the C<-c> switch +=item The MODULE Keyword -=item Potential to leak DATA filehandles +=item The PACKAGE Keyword -=back +=item The PREFIX Keyword -=item New or Changed Diagnostics +=item The OUTPUT: Keyword -"%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet -implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s, -/ cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed -by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape -\\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class -passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too -early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s -argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a -subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word: -%s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled -substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional, -Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector -size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check -filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s", -Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default, -Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't -remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't -weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class -syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference, -constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated, -defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean -"local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective -%s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for -output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires -explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable, -Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter: -|%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal -number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute: -%s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid -separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in -subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs -returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing -%sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub", -No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our", -No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time -is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref, -panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing -around "%s" list, Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use -"sub NAME : ATTRS" instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count -in pack overflows, Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed -memory ignored, Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, -Strange *+?{} on zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not -implemented, This Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl -can't set CRTL environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown -open() mode '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, -Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter -in attribute list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute -parameter in subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute -list, Value of CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant -number +=item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword -=item New tests +=item The CODE: Keyword -=item Incompatible Changes +=item The INIT: Keyword -=over +=item The NO_INIT Keyword -=item Perl Source Incompatibilities +=item Initializing Function Parameters -CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed +=item Default Parameter Values -=item Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different +=item The PREINIT: Keyword -Literals of the form C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed -pseudo-random number generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, -C<undef> fails on read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe -and socket handles, Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, -delete(), values() and C<\(%h)> operate on aliases to values, not copies, -vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS, Text of some diagnostic -output has changed, C<%@> has been removed, Parenthesized not() behaves -like a list operator, Semantics of bareword prototype C<(*)> have changed +=item The SCOPE: Keyword -=item Semantics of bit operators may have changed on 64-bit platforms +=item The INPUT: Keyword -=item More builtins taint their results +=item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords -=item C Source Incompatibilities +=item Variable-length Parameter Lists -C<PERL_POLLUTE>, C<PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT>, C<PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC> +=item The C_ARGS: Keyword -=item Compatible C Source API Changes +=item The PPCODE: Keyword -C<PATCHLEVEL> is now C<PERL_VERSION> +=item Returning Undef And Empty Lists -=item Binary Incompatibilities +=item The REQUIRE: Keyword -=back +=item The CLEANUP: Keyword -=item Known Problems +=item The POST_CALL: Keyword -=over +=item The BOOT: Keyword -=item Thread test failures +=item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword -=item EBCDIC platforms not supported +=item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword -=item In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang +=item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword -=item NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure +=item The ALIAS: Keyword -=item Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with -gcc +=item The INTERFACE: Keyword -=item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run +=item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword -=item Arrow operator and arrays +=item The INCLUDE: Keyword -=item Windows 2000 +=item The CASE: Keyword -=item Experimental features +=item The & Unary Operator -Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The -pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file -globbing, The DB module, The regular expression constructs C<(?{ code })> -and C<(??{ code })> +=item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives -=back +=item Using XS With C++ -=item Obsolete Diagnostics +=item Interface Strategy -Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed -logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, Probable precedence problem on %s, -regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated +=item Perl Objects And C Structures -=item Reporting Bugs +=item The Typemap -=item SEE ALSO +=back -=item HISTORY +=item EXAMPLES + +=item XS VERSION + +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 perldata - Perl data types +=head2 perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 -=item Variable names +=item Conventions -=item Context +C<t>, C<p>, C<n>, C<s> -=item Scalar values +=item File Operations -=item Scalar value constructors +=item File Input and Output -=item List value constructors +=item File Positioning -=item Slices +=item Memory Management and String Handling -=item Typeglobs and Filehandles +=item Character Class Tests + +=item F<stdlib.h> functions + +=item Miscellaneous functions =back @@ -1547,2128 +3524,2362 @@ regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated =back -=head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax +=head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=item Variables -=item Declarations +=over 4 -=item Simple statements +=item Datatypes -=item Compound statements +=item What is an "IV"? -=item Loop Control +=item Working with SVs -=item For Loops +=item Offsets -=item Foreach Loops +=item What's Really Stored in an SV? -=item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements +=item Working with AVs -=item Goto +=item Working with HVs -=item PODs: Embedded Documentation +=item Hash API Extensions -=item Plain Old Comments (Not!) +=item References -=back +=item Blessed References and Class Objects + +=item Creating New Variables + +=item Reference Counts and Mortality + +=item Stashes and Globs + +=item Double-Typed SVs + +=item Magic Variables + +=item Assigning Magic + +=item Magic Virtual Tables + +=item Finding Magic + +=item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays + +=item Localizing changes + +C<SAVEINT(int i)>, C<SAVEIV(IV i)>, C<SAVEI32(I32 i)>, C<SAVELONG(long i)>, +C<SAVESPTR(s)>, C<SAVEPPTR(p)>, C<SAVEFREESV(SV *sv)>, C<SAVEMORTALIZESV(SV +*sv)>, C<SAVEFREEOP(OP *op)>, C<SAVEFREEPV(p)>, C<SAVECLEARSV(SV *sv)>, +C<SAVEDELETE(HV *hv, char *key, I32 length)>, +C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR(DESTRUCTORFUNC_NOCONTEXT_t f, void *p)>, +C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X(DESTRUCTORFUNC_t f, void *p)>, C<SAVESTACK_POS()>, C<SV* +save_scalar(GV *gv)>, C<AV* save_ary(GV *gv)>, C<HV* save_hash(GV *gv)>, +C<void save_item(SV *item)>, C<void save_list(SV **sarg, I32 maxsarg)>, +C<SV* save_svref(SV **sptr)>, C<void save_aptr(AV **aptr)>, C<void +save_hptr(HV **hptr)> =back -=head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence +=item Subroutines -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item XSUBs and the Argument Stack -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs -=over +=item Memory Allocation -=item Terms and List Operators (Leftward) +=item PerlIO -=item The Arrow Operator +=item Putting a C value on Perl stack -=item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement +=item Scratchpads -=item Exponentiation +=item Scratchpads and recursion -=item Symbolic Unary Operators +=back -=item Binding Operators +=item Compiled code -=item Multiplicative Operators +=over 4 -=item Additive Operators +=item Code tree -=item Shift Operators +=item Examining the tree -=item Named Unary Operators +=item Compile pass 1: check routines -=item Relational Operators +=item Compile pass 1a: constant folding -=item Equality Operators +=item Compile pass 2: context propagation -=item Bitwise And +=item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization -=item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or +=back -=item C-style Logical And +=item Examining internal data structures with the C<dump> functions -=item C-style Logical Or +=item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported -=item Range Operators +=over 4 -=item Conditional Operator +=item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT -=item Assignment Operators +=item So what happened to dTHR? -=item Comma Operator +=item How do I use all this in extensions? -=item List Operators (Rightward) +=item Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads? -=item Logical Not +=item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS -=item Logical And +=back -=item Logical or and Exclusive Or +=item Internal Functions -=item C Operators Missing From Perl +A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, j, x -unary &, unary *, (TYPE) +=over 4 -=item Quote and Quote-like Operators +=item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs -=item Regexp Quote-Like Operators +=item Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer -?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>, -qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/, -s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cdsUC, -y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cdsUC +=item Source Documentation -=item Gory details of parsing quoted constructs +=back -Finding the end, Removal of backslashes before delimiters, Interpolation, -C<<<'EOF'>, C<m''>, C<s'''>, C<tr///>, C<y///>, C<''>, C<q//>, C<"">, -C<``>, C<qq//>, C<qx//>, C<< <file*glob> >>, C<?RE?>, C</RE/>, C<m/RE/>, -C<s/RE/foo/>,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of -regular expressions +=item Unicode Support -=item I/O Operators +=over 4 -=item Constant Folding +=item What B<is> Unicode, anyway? -=item Bitwise String Operators +=item How can I recognise a UTF8 string? -=item Integer Arithmetic +=item How does UTF8 represent Unicode characters? -=item Floating-point Arithmetic +=item How does Perl store UTF8 strings? -=item Bigger Numbers +=item How do I convert a string to UTF8? + +=item Is there anything else I need to know? =back +=item AUTHORS + +=item SEE ALSO + =back -=head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions +=head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -i, m, s, x +An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program -=over +=item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS -=item Regular Expressions +call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv -cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit +=item FLAG VALUES -=item Extended Patterns +=over 4 -C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>, -C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?<!pattern)>, C<(?{ -code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>, -C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)> +=item G_VOID -=item Backtracking +=item G_SCALAR -=item Version 8 Regular Expressions +=item G_ARRAY -=item Warning on \1 vs $1 +=item G_DISCARD -=item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring +=item G_NOARGS -=item Combining pieces together +=item G_EVAL -C<ST>, C<S|T>, C<S{REPEAT_COUNT}>, C<S{min,max}>, C<S{min,max}?>, C<S?>, -C<S*>, C<S+>, C<S??>, C<S*?>, C<S+?>, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>, -C<(?!S)>, C<(?<!S)>, C<(??{ EXPR })>, -C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> +=item G_KEEPERR -=item Creating custom RE engines +=item Determining the Context =back -=item BUGS +=item KNOWN PROBLEMS -=item SEE ALSO +=item EXAMPLES -=back +=over 4 -=head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter +=item No Parameters, Nothing returned -=over +=item Passing Parameters -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Returning a Scalar -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Returning a list of values -=over +=item Returning a list in a scalar context -=item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems +=item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list -OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS +=item Using G_EVAL -=item Location of Perl +=item Using G_KEEPERR -=item Command Switches +=item Using call_sv -B<-0>[I<digits>], B<-a>, B<-C>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-d:>I<foo>, -B<-D>I<letters>, B<-D>I<number>, B<-e> I<commandline>, B<-F>I<pattern>, -B<-h>, B<-i>[I<extension>], B<-I>I<directory>, B<-l>[I<octnum>], -B<-m>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>, -B<-[mM]>[B<->]I<module=arg[,arg]...>, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>, -B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I<name>, B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X>, -B<-x> I<directory> +=item Using call_argv + +=item Using call_method + +=item Using GIMME_V + +=item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries + +=item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information + +1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of +callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl +callback + +=item Alternate Stack Manipulation + +=item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C =back -=item ENVIRONMENT +=item SEE ALSO -HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLLIB, PERL5DB, PERL5SHELL -(specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL +=item AUTHOR + +=item DATE =back -=head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions +=head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 -=item Perl Functions by Category +=item DOCUMENTATION -Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching, -Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data, -Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed -length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories, -Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related -to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process -groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and -object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess -communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network -info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted -in perl5 +L<perldoc|perldoc>, L<pod2man|pod2man> and L<pod2text|pod2text>, +L<pod2html|pod2html> and L<pod2latex|pod2latex>, L<pod2usage|pod2usage>, +L<podselect|podselect>, L<podchecker|podchecker>, L<splain|splain>, +L<roffitall|roffitall> -=item Portability +=item CONVERTORS -=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions +L<a2p|a2p>, L<s2p|s2p>, L<find2perl|find2perl> -I<-X> FILEHANDLE, I<-X> EXPR, I<-X>, abs VALUE, abs, accept -NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME, -binmode FILEHANDLE, DISCIPLINE, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME, -bless REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE, -chomp LIST, chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop LIST, chop, chown LIST, chr NUMBER, -chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir DIRHANDLE, -connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT, -dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, defined, delete -EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, dump LABEL, dump, -each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST, -exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, fcntl -FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, -fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, getc, getlogin, -getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam -NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname -NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr -ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, -getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, -getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent -STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, -endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET, -getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL, -goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex, -import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl -FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST, -last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length, -link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR, -lock, log EXPR, log, lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK -LIST, map EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MASK, mkdir FILENAME, msgctl -ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd -ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my EXPR : ATTRIBUTES, next LABEL, next, no Module -LIST, oct EXPR, oct, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,LIST, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open -FILEHANDLE, opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord EXPR, ord, our EXPR, pack -TEMPLATE,LIST, package, package NAMESPACE, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop -ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR, pos, print FILEHANDLE LIST, print LIST, print, -printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST, printf FORMAT, LIST, prototype FUNCTION, -push ARRAY,LIST, q/STRING/, qq/STRING/, qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, -quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta, rand EXPR, rand, read -FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdir -DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR, readlink, readpipe EXPR, recv -SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo, ref EXPR, ref, rename -OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR, require, reset EXPR, reset, -return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir DIRHANDLE, rindex -STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME, rmdir, s///, scalar -EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir DIRHANDLE,POS, select -FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl -ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send -SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority -WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY, -shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, -shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep -EXPR, sleep, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, socketpair -SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort BLOCK LIST, -sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH, -splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split -/PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST, sqrt EXPR, -sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, -study, sub BLOCK, sub NAME, sub NAME BLOCK, substr -EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr -EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen -FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread -FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek -FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite -FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, -syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie -VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate -FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR, -ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack -TEMPLATE,EXPR, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use Module VERSION LIST, -use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use VERSION, utime LIST, -values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn -LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y/// +=item Development + +L<perlbug|perlbug>, L<h2ph|h2ph>, L<c2ph|c2ph> and L<pstruct|pstruct>, +L<h2xs|h2xs>, L<dprofpp|dprofpp>, L<perlcc|perlcc> + +=item SEE ALSO =back =back -=head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables +=head2 perlfilter - Source Filters -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=item CONCEPTS -=item Predefined Names +=item USING FILTERS -$ARG, $_, $<I<digits>>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $', -$LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, @+, $MULTILINE_MATCHING, $*, input_line_number -HANDLE EXPR, $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $, input_record_separator HANDLE -EXPR, $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/, autoflush HANDLE EXPR, -$OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|, output_field_separator HANDLE EXPR, -$OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,, output_record_separator HANDLE EXPR, -$OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, $\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", -$SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $OFMT, $#, format_page_number HANDLE -EXPR, $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%, format_lines_per_page HANDLE EXPR, -$FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=, format_lines_left HANDLE EXPR, -$FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @-, C<$`> is the same as C<substr($var, 0, $-[0]>), -C<$&> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]>), C<$'> is the -same as C<substr($var, $+[0]>), C<$1> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[1], -$+[1] - $-[1])>, C<$2> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[2], $+[2] - -$-[2])>, C<$3> is the same as C<substr $var, $-[3], $+[3] - $-[3]>), -format_name HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_NAME, $~, format_top_name HANDLE EXPR, -$FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^, format_line_break_characters HANDLE EXPR, -$FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $:, format_formfeed HANDLE EXPR, -$FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, $CHILD_ERROR, $?, $OS_ERROR, -$ERRNO, $!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, $EVAL_ERROR, $@, $PROCESS_ID, $PID, -$$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, $>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, -$GID, $(, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), $PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], -$COMPILING, $^C, $DEBUGGING, $^D, $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, -$INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, $OSNAME, $^O, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, -0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x100, 0x200, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, -$EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S, $BASETIME, $^T, $PERL_VERSION, $^V, -$WARNING, $^W, ${^WARNING_BITS}, ${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, -$^X, $ARGV, @ARGV, @INC, @_, %INC, %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr} +=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER -=item Error Indicators +=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C -=item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names +B<Decryption Filters> -=back +=item CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE -=item BUGS +=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL + +=item USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER + +=item CONCLUSION + +=item REQUIREMENTS + +=item AUTHOR + +=item Copyrights =back -=head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines +=head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over - -=item Private Variables via my() +B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>, +B<filter_fetch_value> -=item Persistent Private Variables +=over 4 -=item Temporary Values via local() +=item The Filter -=item Lvalue subroutines +=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem. -=item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs) +=item Another Example -- Key is a C int. -=item When to Still Use local() +=back -1. You need to give a global variable a temporary value, especially $_, 2. -You need to create a local file or directory handle or a local function, 3. -You want to temporarily change just one element of an array or hash +=item SEE ALSO -=item Pass by Reference +=item AUTHOR -=item Prototypes +=back -=item Constant Functions +=head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API -=item Overriding Built-in Functions +=over 4 -=item Autoloading +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Subroutine Attributes +AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend, av_fetch, av_fill, +av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift, +bytes_from_utf8, bytes_to_utf8, call_argv, call_method, call_pv, call_sv, +CLASS, Copy, croak, CvSTASH, dMARK, dORIGMARK, dSP, dXSARGS, dXSI32, ENTER, +eval_pv, eval_sv, EXTEND, fbm_compile, fbm_instr, FREETMPS, get_av, get_cv, +get_hv, get_sv, GIMME, GIMME_V, GvSV, gv_fetchmeth, gv_fetchmethod, +gv_fetchmethod_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv, G_ARRAY, G_DISCARD, +G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID, HEf_SVKEY, HeHASH, HeKEY, HeKLEN, HePV, +HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, HeSVKEY_set, HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_clear, hv_delete, +hv_delete_ent, hv_exists, hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent, +hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey, hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv, +hv_iterval, hv_magic, hv_store, hv_store_ent, hv_undef, isALNUM, isALPHA, +isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, is_utf8_char, is_utf8_string, items, +ix, LEAVE, looks_like_number, MARK, mg_clear, mg_copy, mg_find, mg_free, +mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, mg_set, Move, New, newAV, Newc, newCONSTSUB, +newHV, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, NEWSV, newSViv, newSVnv, newSVpv, newSVpvf, +newSVpvn, newSVrv, newSVsv, newSVuv, newXS, newXSproto, Newz, Nullav, +Nullch, Nullcv, Nullhv, Nullsv, ORIGMARK, perl_alloc, perl_construct, +perl_destruct, perl_free, perl_parse, perl_run, PL_modglobal, PL_na, +PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes, POPi, POPl, POPn, POPp, POPs, PUSHi, +PUSHMARK, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, PUSHu, PUTBACK, Renew, Renewc, require_pv, +RETVAL, Safefree, savepv, savepvn, SAVETMPS, SP, SPAGAIN, ST, strEQ, strGE, +strGT, strLE, strLT, strNE, strnEQ, strnNE, StructCopy, SvCUR, SvCUR_set, +SvEND, SvGETMAGIC, SvGROW, SvIOK, SvIOKp, SvIOK_notUV, SvIOK_off, SvIOK_on, +SvIOK_only, SvIOK_only_UV, SvIOK_UV, SvIV, SvIVX, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp, +SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, SvNOKp, SvNOK_off, SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVX, +SvOK, SvOOK, SvPOK, SvPOKp, SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, +SvPOK_only_UTF8, SvPV, SvPVX, SvPV_force, SvPV_nolen, SvREFCNT, +SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off, SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSETMAGIC, +SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSTASH, SvTAINT, SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, +SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, svtype, SvTYPE, SVt_IV, SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, +SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG, SvUPGRADE, SvUTF8, SvUTF8_off, SvUTF8_on, +SvUV, SvUVX, sv_2mortal, sv_bless, sv_catpv, sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, +sv_catpvn, sv_catpvn_mg, sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv, sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, +sv_clear, sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, sv_dec, sv_derived_from, sv_eq, sv_free, +sv_gets, sv_grow, sv_inc, sv_insert, sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_len, +sv_len_utf8, sv_magic, sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_pvn_force, +sv_pvutf8n_force, sv_reftype, sv_replace, sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv, +sv_setiv_mg, sv_setnv, sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv, sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, +sv_setpviv, sv_setpviv_mg, sv_setpvn, sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, +sv_setref_iv, sv_setref_nv, sv_setref_pv, sv_setref_pvn, sv_setsv, +sv_setsv_mg, sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg, sv_true, sv_unmagic, sv_unref, +sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, sv_usepvn_mg, sv_utf8_downgrade, sv_utf8_encode, +sv_utf8_upgrade, sv_vcatpvfn, sv_vsetpvfn, THIS, toLOWER, toUPPER, +utf8_distance, utf8_hop, utf8_length, utf8_to_bytes, utf8_to_uv, +utf8_to_uv_simple, uv_to_utf8, warn, XPUSHi, XPUSHn, XPUSHp, XPUSHs, +XPUSHu, XS, XSRETURN, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO, +XSRETURN_NV, XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF, XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO, +XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES, XS_VERSION, XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK, +Zero -=back +=item AUTHORS =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables) +=head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B<internal> + Perl functions -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +is_gv_magical, LVRET, PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn, +PL_last_in_gv, PL_ofs_sv, PL_rs -=item Packages +=item AUTHORS -=item Symbol Tables +=item SEE ALSO -=item Package Constructors and Destructors +=back -=item Perl Classes +=head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface. -=item Perl Modules +=over 4 -=back +=item SYNOPSIS -=item SEE ALSO +=item DESCRIPTION + +B<PerlIO *>, B<PerlIO_stdin()>, B<PerlIO_stdout()>, B<PerlIO_stderr()>, +B<PerlIO_open(path, mode)>, B<PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode)>, +B<PerlIO_printf(f,fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a)>, +B<PerlIO_stdoutf(fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_read(f,buf,count)>, +B<PerlIO_write(f,buf,count)>, B<PerlIO_close(f)>, B<PerlIO_puts(f,s)>, +B<PerlIO_putc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_ungetc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_getc(f)>, +B<PerlIO_eof(f)>, B<PerlIO_error(f)>, B<PerlIO_fileno(f)>, +B<PerlIO_clearerr(f)>, B<PerlIO_flush(f)>, B<PerlIO_tell(f)>, +B<PerlIO_seek(f,o,w)>, B<PerlIO_getpos(f,p)>, B<PerlIO_setpos(f,p)>, +B<PerlIO_rewind(f)>, B<PerlIO_tmpfile()> + +=over 4 + +=item Co-existence with stdio + +B<PerlIO_importFILE(f,flags)>, B<PerlIO_exportFILE(f,flags)>, +B<PerlIO_findFILE(f)>, B<PerlIO_releaseFILE(p,f)>, B<PerlIO_setlinebuf(f)>, +B<PerlIO_has_cntptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_ptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_cnt(f)>, +B<PerlIO_canset_cnt(f)>, B<PerlIO_fast_gets(f)>, +B<PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c)>, B<PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_has_base(f)>, +B<PerlIO_get_base(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)> =back -=head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones +=back -=over +=head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List -=item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 -=item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY +=item DESCRIPTION -=over +=item Infrastructure -=item Pragmatic Modules +=over 4 -attributes, attrs, autouse, base, blib, caller, charnames, constant, -diagnostics, fields, filetest, integer, less, lib, locale, ops, overload, -re, sigtrap, strict, subs, utf8, vars, warnings +=item Mailing list archives -=item Standard Modules +=item Bug tracking system -AnyDBM_File, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, -B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, -B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI, -CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, -CGI::Switch, CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, -Class::Struct, Config, Cwd, DB, DB_File, Data::Dumper, Devel::DProf, -Devel::Peek, Devel::SelfStubber, DirHandle, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English, -Env, Errno, Exporter, Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Embed, -ExtUtils::Install, ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, -ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, -ExtUtils::MM_Win32, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, ExtUtils::Manifest, -ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists, ExtUtils::Packlist, -ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename, File::CheckTree, -File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find, File::Glob, -File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, -File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix, File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, -File::stat, FileCache, FileHandle, FindBin, GDBM_File, Getopt::Long, -Getopt::Std, I18N::Collate, IO, IO::Dir, IO::File, IO::Handle, IO::Pipe, -IO::Poll, IO::Seekable, IO::Select, IO::Socket, IO::Socket::INET, -IO::Socket::UNIX, IPC::Msg, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, IPC::Semaphore, -IPC::SysV, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, -Net::Ping, Net::hostent, Net::netent, Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, -Opcode, POSIX, Pod::Checker, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Man, -Pod::Parser, Pod::Select, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Usage, -SDBM_File, Safe, Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell, Socket, -Symbol, Sys::Hostname, Sys::Syslog, Term::Cap, Term::Complete, -Term::ReadLine, Test, Test::Harness, Text::Abbrev, Text::ParseWords, -Text::Soundex, Text::Wrap, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, -Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::Local, Time::gmtime, -Time::localtime, Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, User::grent, User::pwent +=item Regression Tests -=item Extension Modules +Coverage, Regression, __DIE__, suidperl, The 25% slowdown from perl4 to +perl5 =back -=item CPAN - -Language Extensions and Documentation Tools, Development Support, Operating -System Interfaces, Networking, Device Control (modems) and InterProcess -Communication, Data Types and Data Type Utilities, Database Interfaces, -User Interfaces, Interfaces to / Emulations of Other Programming Languages, -File Names, File Systems and File Locking (see also File Handles), String -Processing, Language Text Processing, Parsing, and Searching, Option, -Argument, Parameter, and Configuration File Processing, -Internationalization and Locale, Authentication, Security, and Encryption, -World Wide Web, HTML, HTTP, CGI, MIME, Server and Daemon Utilities, -Archiving and Compression, Images, Pixmap and Bitmap Manipulation, Drawing, -and Graphing, Mail and Usenet News, Control Flow Utilities (callbacks and -exceptions etc), File Handle and Input/Output Stream Utilities, -Miscellaneous Modules, Africa, Asia, Australasia, Central America, Europe, -North America, South America +=item Configure -=item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse +=over 4 -=over +=item Install HTML -=item Guidelines for Module Creation +=back -Do similar modules already exist in some form?, Try to design the new -module to be easy to extend and reuse, Some simple style guidelines, Select -what to export, Select a name for the module, Have you got it right?, -README and other Additional Files, A description of the -module/package/extension etc, A copyright notice - see below, Prerequisites -- what else you may need to have, How to build it - possible changes to -Makefile.PL etc, How to install it, Recent changes in this release, -especially incompatibilities, Changes / enhancements you plan to make in -the future, Adding a Copyright Notice, Give the module a -version/issue/release number, How to release and distribute a module, Take -care when changing a released module +=item Perl Language -=item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules +=over 4 -There is no requirement to convert anything, Consider the implications, -Make the most of the opportunity, The pl2pm utility will get you started, -Adds the standard Module prologue lines, Converts package specifiers from ' -to ::, Converts die(...) to croak(...), Several other minor changes +=item 64-bit Perl -=item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code +=item Prototypes -Complete applications rarely belong in the Perl Module Library, Many -applications contain some Perl code that could be reused, Break-out the -reusable code into one or more separate module files, Take the opportunity -to reconsider and redesign the interfaces, In some cases the 'application' -can then be reduced to a small +Named prototypes, Indirect objects, Method calls, Context, Scoped subs =back -=item NOTE +=item Perl Internals -=back +=over 4 -=head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules +=item magic_setisa -=over +=item Garbage Collection -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Reliable signals -=over +Alternate runops() for signal despatch, Figure out how to die() in delayed +sighandler, Add tests for Thread::Signal, Automatic tests against CPAN -=item PREAMBLE +=item Interpolated regex performance bugs -B<DECOMPRESS> the file, B<UNPACK> the file into a directory, B<BUILD> the -module (sometimes unnecessary), B<INSTALL> the module +=item Memory leaks from failed eval/regcomp -=back +=item Make XS easier to use -=item HEY +=item Make embedded Perl easier to use -=item AUTHOR +=item Namespace cleanup -=item COPYRIGHT +=item MULTIPLICITY + +=item MacPerl =back -=head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation +=item Documentation -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item A clear division into tutorial and reference -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Remove the artificial distinction between operators and functions -=over +=item More tutorials -=item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes +Regular expressions, I/O, pack/unpack, Debugging -$$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept -filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to -files, directories and network sockets +=item Include a search tool -=item Resource limits +=item Include a locate tool -=item Killing the parent process +=item Separate function manpages by default -=item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes +=item Users can't find the manpages -=item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS +=item Install ALL Documentation -BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented, -Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger -application, Thread-safety of extensions - -=back +=item Outstanding issues to be documented -=item BUGS +=item Adapt www.linuxhq.com for Perl -=item AUTHOR +=item Replace man with a perl program -=item SEE ALSO +=item Unicode tutorial =back -=head2 perlform - Perl formats +=item Modules -=over +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Update the POSIX extension to conform with the POSIX 1003.1 Edition 2 -=over +=item Module versions -=item Format Variables +=item New modules -=back +=item Profiler -=item NOTES +=item Tie Modules -=over +VecArray, SubstrArray, VirtualArray, ShiftSplice -=item Footers +=item Procedural options -=item Accessing Formatting Internals +=item RPC -=back +=item y2k localtime/gmtime -=item WARNINGS +=item Export File::Find variables -=back +=item Ioctl -=head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and -localization) +=item Debugger attach/detach -=over +=item Regular Expression debugger -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Alternative RE Syntax -=item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES +=item Bundled modules -=item USING LOCALES +=item Expect -=over +=item GUI::Native -=item The use locale pragma +=item Update semibroken auxiliary tools; h2ph, a2p, etc. -=item The setlocale function +=item pod2html -=item Finding locales +=item Podchecker -=item LOCALE PROBLEMS +=back -=item Temporarily fixing locale problems +=item Tom's Wishes -=item Permanently fixing locale problems +=over 4 -=item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration +=item Webperl -=item Fixing system locale configuration +=item Mobile agents -=item The localeconv function +=item POSIX on non-POSIX + +=item Portable installations =back -=item LOCALE CATEGORIES +=item Win32 Stuff -=over +=over 4 -=item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation +=item Rename new headers to be consistent with the rest -=item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types +=item Sort out the spawnvp() mess -=item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting +=item Work out DLL versioning -=item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts +=item Style-check -=item LC_TIME +=back -=item Other categories +=item Would be nice to have -=back +C<pack "(stuff)*">, Contiguous bitfields in pack/unpack, lexperl, Bundled +perl preprocessor, Use posix calls internally where possible, format +BOTTOM, -i rename file only when successfully changed, All ARGV input +should act like <>, report HANDLE [formats], support in perlmain to rerun +debugger, lvalue functions -=item SECURITY +=item Possible pragmas -B<Comparison operators> (C<lt>, C<le>, C<ge>, C<gt> and C<cmp>):, -B<Case-mapping interpolation> (with C<\l>, C<\L>, C<\u> or C<\U>), -B<Matching operator> (C<m//>):, B<Substitution operator> (C<s///>):, -B<Output formatting functions> (printf() and write()):, B<Case-mapping -functions> (lc(), lcfirst(), uc(), ucfirst()):, B<POSIX locale-dependent -functions> (localeconv(), strcoll(),strftime(), strxfrm()):, B<POSIX -character class tests> (isalnum(), isalpha(), isdigit(),isgraph(), -islower(), isprint(), ispunct(), isspace(), isupper(), -isxdigit()): +=over 4 -=item ENVIRONMENT +=item 'less' -PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY, -LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG +=back -=item NOTES +=item Optimizations -=over +=over 4 -=item Backward compatibility +=item constant function cache -=item I18N:Collate obsolete +=item foreach(reverse...) -=item Sort speed and memory use impacts +=item Cache eval tree -=item write() and LC_NUMERIC +=item rcatmaybe -=item Freely available locale definitions +=item Shrink opcode tables -=item I18n and l10n +=item Cache hash value -=item An imperfect standard +=item Optimize away @_ where possible + +=item Optimize sort by { $a <=> $b } + +=item Rewrite regexp parser for better integrated optimization =back -=item BUGS +=item Vague possibilities -=over +ref function in list context, make tr/// return histogram in list context?, +Loop control on do{} et al, Explicit switch statements, compile to real +threaded code, structured types, Modifiable $1 et al -=item Broken systems +=item To Do Or Not To Do -=back +=over 4 -=item SEE ALSO +=item Making my() work on "package" variables -=item HISTORY +=item "or" testing defined not truth -=back +=item "dynamic" lexicals -=head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures +=item "class"-based, rather than package-based "lexicals" -=over +=back -=item NOTE +=item Threading -=item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 -=over +=item Modules -=item Making References +=item Testing -=item Using References +=item $AUTOLOAD -=item Symbolic references +=item exit/die -=item Not-so-symbolic references +=item External threads -=item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash +=item Thread::Pool -=item Function Templates +=item thread-safety + +=item Per-thread GVs =back -=item WARNING +=item Compiler -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=back +=item Optimization -=head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references +=item Byteperl -=over +=item Precompiled modules -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Executables -=item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures? +=item Typed lexicals -=item The Solution +=item Win32 -=item Syntax +=item END blocks -=over +=item _AUTOLOAD -=item Making References +=item comppadlist -=item Using References +=item Cached compilation =back -=item An Example +=item Recently Finished Tasks -=item Arrow Rule +=over 4 -=item Solution +=item Figure a way out of $^(capital letter) -=item The Rest +=item Filenames -=item Summary +=item Foreign lines -=item Credits +=item Namespace cleanup -=over +=item ISA.pm -=item Distribution Conditions +=item gettimeofday + +=item autocroak? =back =back -=head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook +=head2 perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes, -more elaborate constructs +Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the +implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?, Is +the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does +it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implementation robust?, Is +the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is there enough +documentation?, Is there another way to do it?, Does it create too much +work?, Patches speak louder than words -=item REFERENCES +=over 4 -=item COMMON MISTAKES +=item Keeping in sync -=item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE +rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the LAN, Using pushing over the +NFS, rsync'ing the patches -=item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C<use strict> +=item Why rsync the source tree -=item DEBUGGING +It's easier, It's more recent, It's more reliable -=item CODE EXAMPLES +=item Why rsync the patches -=item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS +It's easier, It's a good reference, Finding a start point, Finding how to +fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour -=over +=item Submitting patches -=item Declaration of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS +L<perlguts>, L<perlxstut> and L<perlxs>, L<perlapi>, +F<Porting/pumpkin.pod>, The perl5-porters FAQ -=item Generation of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS +=item Finding Your Way Around -=item Access and Printing of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS +Core modules, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter -=back +=item Elements of the interpreter -=item HASHES OF ARRAYS +Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running -=over +=item Internal Variable Types -=item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS +=item Op Trees -=item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS +=item Stacks -=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS +Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack -=back +=item Millions of Macros -=item ARRAYS OF HASHES +=item Poking at Perl -=over +=item Using a source-level debugger -=item Declaration of a ARRAY OF HASHES +run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue, +finish, 'enter', print -=item Generation of a ARRAY OF HASHES +=item Dumping Perl Data Structures -=item Access and Printing of a ARRAY OF HASHES +=item Patching =back -=item HASHES OF HASHES +=item EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL -=over +=over 4 -=item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES +=item Rational Software's Purify -=item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES +=item Purify on Unix -=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES +-Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemultiplicity + +=item Purify on NT + +DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug + +=item CONCLUSION + +I<The Road goes ever on and on, down from the door where it began.> =back -=item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS +=item AUTHOR -=over +=back -=item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS +=head2 perlhist - the Perl history records -=item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS +=over 4 -=item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item INTRODUCTION + +=item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN + +=over 4 + +=item PUMPKIN? =back -=item Database Ties +=item THE RECORDS -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES + +=item SELECTED PATCH SIZES =back -=head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl +=item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS + +=back + +=head2 perldelta - what's new for perl v5.6 -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays +=item Summary of changes between 5.6.0 and 5.6.1 -=item Growing Your Own +=over 4 -=item Access and Printing +=item Security Issues -=item Slices +=item Core bug fixes -=item SEE ALSO +C<UNIVERSAL::isa()>, Memory leaks, Numeric conversions, qw(a\\b), caller(), +Bugs in regular expressions, "slurp" mode, Autovivification of symbolic +references to special variables, Lexical warnings, Spurious warnings and +errors, glob(), Tainting, sort(), #line directives, Subroutine prototypes, +map(), Debugger, Locales, PERL5OPT, chop(), Unicode support, 64-bit +support, Compiler, Lvalue subroutines, IO::Socket, File::Find, xsubpp, C<no +Module;>, Tests -=item AUTHOR +=item Core features -=back +=item Configuration issues -=head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial +=item Documentation -=over +=item Bundled modules -=item DESCRIPTION +B::Concise, File::Temp, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Text::Overstrike, CGI, CPAN, +Class::Struct, DB_File, Devel::Peek, File::Find, Getopt::Long, IO::Poll, +IPC::Open3, Math::BigFloat, Math::Complex, Net::Ping, Opcode, Pod::Parser, +Pod::Text, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Tie::RefHash, Tie::SubstrHash -=over +=item Platform-specific improvements -=item If we could talk to the animals... +NCR MP-RAS, NonStop-UX -=item Introducing the method invocation arrow +=item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency -=item Invoking a barnyard +=item Lexically scoped warning categories -=item The extra parameter of method invocation +=item Unicode and UTF-8 support -=item Calling a second method to simplify things +=item Support for interpolating named characters -=item Inheriting the windpipes +=item "our" declarations -=item A few notes about @ISA +=item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals -=item Overriding the methods +=item Improved Perl version numbering system -=item Starting the search from a different place +=item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes -=item The SUPER way of doing things +=item File and directory handles can be autovivified -=item Where we're at so far... +=item open() with more than two arguments -=item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it? +=item 64-bit support -=item Invoking an instance method +=item Large file support -=item Accessing the instance data +=item Long doubles -=item How to build a horse +=item "more bits" -=item Inheriting the constructor +=item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines -=item Making a method work with either classes or instances +=item C<sort $coderef @foo> allowed -=item Adding parameters to a method +=item File globbing implemented internally -=item More interesting instances +=item Support for CHECK blocks -=item A horse of a different color +=item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported -=item Summary +=item Better pseudo-random number generator -=back +=item Improved C<qw//> operator -=item SEE ALSO +=item Better worst-case behavior of hashes -=item COPYRIGHT +=item pack() format 'Z' supported -=back +=item pack() format modifier '!' supported -=head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl +=item pack() and unpack() support counted strings -=over +=item Comments in pack() templates -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Weak references -=item Creating a Class +=item Binary numbers supported -=over +=item Lvalue subroutines -=item Object Representation +=item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references -=item Class Interface +=item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues -=item Constructors and Instance Methods +=item exists() is supported on subroutine names -=item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors +=item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements -=item Destructors +=item Pseudo-hashes work better -=item Other Object Methods +=item Automatic flushing of output buffers -=back +=item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations -=item Class Data +=item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle -=over +=item eof() has the same old magic as <> -=item Accessing Class Data +=item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes -=item Debugging Methods +=item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text" -=item Class Destructors +=item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure -=item Documenting the Interface +=item Improved diagnostics -=back +=item Diagnostics follow STDERR -=item Aggregation +=item More consistent close-on-exec behavior -=item Inheritance +=item syswrite() ease-of-use -=over +=item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators -=item Overridden Methods +=item Bit operators support full native integer width -=item Multiple Inheritance +=item Improved security features -=item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects +=item More functional bareword prototype (*) -=back +=item C<require> and C<do> may be overridden -=item Alternate Object Representations +=item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character -=over +=item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch -=item Arrays as Objects +=item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string -=item Closures as Objects +=item Optional Y2K warnings + +=item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings =back -=item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods +=item Modules and Pragmata -=over +=over 4 -=item Autoloaded Data Methods +=item Modules -=item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods +attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper, +DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English, +Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec, +File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt, +Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker, +podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage, +pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname, +Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters + +=item Pragmata =back -=item Metaclassical Tools +=item Utility Changes -=over +=over 4 -=item Class::Struct +=item dprofpp -=item Data Members as Variables +=item find2perl -=item NOTES +=item h2xs -=item Object Terminology +=item perlcc + +=item perldoc + +=item The Perl Debugger =back -=item SEE ALSO +=item Improved Documentation -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod, +perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod, +perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod, +perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod -=item COPYRIGHT +=item Performance enhancements -=over +=over 4 -=item Acknowledgments +=item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized -=back +=item Optimized assignments to lexical variables + +=item Faster subroutine calls + +=item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster =back -=head2 perltootc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl +=item Installation and Configuration Improvements -=over +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item -Dusethreads means something different -=item Class Data as Package Variables +=item New Configure flags -=over +=item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring -=item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket +=item Long Doubles -=item Inheritance Concerns +=item -Dusemorebits -=item The Eponymous Meta-Object +=item -Duselargefiles -=item Indirect References to Class Data +=item installusrbinperl -=item Monadic Classes +=item SOCKS support -=item Translucent Attributes +=item C<-A> flag + +=item Enhanced Installation Directories + +=item gcc automatically tried if 'cc' does not seem to be working =back -=item Class Data as Lexical Variables +=item Platform specific changes -=over +=over 4 -=item Privacy and Responsibility +=item Supported platforms -=item File-Scoped Lexicals +=item DOS -=item More Inheritance Concerns +=item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS) -=item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key +=item VMS -=item Translucency Revisited +=item Win32 =back -=item NOTES +=item Significant bug fixes -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item <HANDLE> on empty files -=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS +=item C<eval '...'> improvements -=item HISTORY +=item All compilation errors are true errors -=back +=item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer -=head2 perlobj - Perl objects +=item Behavior of list slices is more consistent -=over +=item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}> -=item DESCRIPTION +=item C<goto &sub> and AUTOLOAD -=over +=item C<-bareword> allowed under C<use integer> -=item An Object is Simply a Reference +=item Failures in DESTROY() -=item A Class is Simply a Package +=item Locale bugs fixed -=item A Method is Simply a Subroutine +=item Memory leaks -=item Method Invocation +=item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls -=item WARNING +=item Taint failures under C<-U> -=item Default UNIVERSAL methods +=item END blocks and the C<-c> switch -isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] ) +=item Potential to leak DATA filehandles -=item Destructors +=back -=item Summary +=item New or Changed Diagnostics -=item Two-Phased Garbage Collection +"%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet +implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s, +/ cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed +by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape +\\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class +passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too +early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s +argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a +subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word: +%s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled +substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional, +Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector +size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check +filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s", +Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default, +Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't +remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't +weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class +syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference, +constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated, +defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean +"local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective +%s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for +output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires +explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable, +Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter: +|%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal +number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute: +%s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid +separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in +subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs +returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing +%sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub", +No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our", +No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time +is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref, +panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing +around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string, +Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS" +instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows, +Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored, +Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on +zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This +Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL +environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode +'%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized +escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute +list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in +subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of +CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number -=back +=item New tests -=item SEE ALSO +=item Incompatible Changes -=back +=over 4 -=head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable +=item Perl Source Incompatibilities -=over +CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed, +Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form +C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number +generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C<undef> fails on +read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles, +Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(), +values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS, +Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed, +Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword +prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed +on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results -=item SYNOPSIS +=item C Source Incompatibilities -=item DESCRIPTION +C<PERL_POLLUTE>, C<PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT>, C<PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC> -=over +=item Compatible C Source API Changes -=item Tying Scalars +C<PATCHLEVEL> is now C<PERL_VERSION> -TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this +=item Binary Incompatibilities -=item Tying Arrays +=back -TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value, -DESTROY this +=item Known Problems -=item Tying Hashes +=over 4 -USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE -this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY -this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, DESTROY this +=item Localizing a tied hash element may leak memory -=item Tying FileHandles +=item Known test failures -TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, -LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, DESTROY this +64-bit builds, Failure of Thread tests, NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure, +Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with gcc -=item The C<untie> Gotcha +=item EBCDIC platforms not fully supported + +=item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run + +=item Arrow operator and arrays + +=item Experimental features + +Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The +pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file +globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs: =back -=item SEE ALSO +=item Obsolete Diagnostics -=item BUGS +Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed +logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as +\@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>" +to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated -=item AUTHOR +=item Reporting Bugs + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item HISTORY =back -=head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT) +=head2 perl5005delta, perldelta - what's new for perl5.005 -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item OO SCALING TIPS +=item About the new versioning system -=item INSTANCE VARIABLES +=item Incompatible Changes -=item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES +=over 4 -=item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE +=item WARNING: This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004. -=item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS +=item Default installation structure has changed -=item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS +=item Perl Source Compatibility -=item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM +=item C Source Compatibility -=item THINKING OF CODE REUSE +=item Binary Compatibility -=item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT +=item Security fixes may affect compatibility -=item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR +=item Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004 -=item DELEGATION +=item Licensing =back -=head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes, -safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores) +=item Core Changes -=over +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Threads -=item Signals +=item Compiler -=item Named Pipes +=item Regular Expressions -=over +Many new and improved optimizations, Many bug fixes, New regular expression +constructs, New operator for precompiled regular expressions, Other +improvements, Incompatible changes -=item WARNING +=item Improved malloc() -=back +=item Quicksort is internally implemented -=item Using open() for IPC +=item Reliable signals -=over +=item Reliable stack pointers -=item Filehandles +=item More generous treatment of carriage returns -=item Background Processes +=item Memory leaks -=item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent +=item Better support for multiple interpreters -=item Safe Pipe Opens +=item Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined -=item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process +=item C<%!> is transparently tied to the L<Errno> module -=item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself +=item Pseudo-hashes are supported -=back +=item C<EXPR foreach EXPR> is supported -=item Sockets: Client/Server Communication +=item Keywords can be globally overridden -=over +=item C<$^E> is meaningful on Win32 -=item Internet Line Terminators +=item C<foreach (1..1000000)> optimized -=item Internet TCP Clients and Servers +=item C<Foo::> can be used as implicitly quoted package name -=item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers +=item C<exists $Foo::{Bar::}> tests existence of a package -=back +=item Better locale support -=item TCP Clients with IO::Socket +=item Experimental support for 64-bit platforms -=over +=item prototype() returns useful results on builtins -=item A Simple Client +=item Extended support for exception handling -C<Proto>, C<PeerAddr>, C<PeerPort> +=item Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining DESTROY() methods -=item A Webget Client +=item All C<printf> format conversions are handled internally -=item Interactive Client with IO::Socket +=item New C<INIT> keyword -=back +=item New C<lock> keyword -=item TCP Servers with IO::Socket +=item New C<qr//> operator -Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse +=item C<our> is now a reserved word -=item UDP: Message Passing +=item Tied arrays are now fully supported -=item SysV IPC +=item Tied handles support is better -=item NOTES +=item 4th argument to substr -=item BUGS +=item Negative LENGTH argument to splice -=item AUTHOR +=item Magic lvalues are now more magical -=item SEE ALSO +=item <> now reads in records =back -=head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters +=item Supported Platforms -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item New Platforms -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Changes in existing support -B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>, -B<filter_fetch_value> +=back -=over +=item Modules and Pragmata -=item The Filter +=over 4 -=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem. +=item New Modules -=item Another Example -- Key is a C int. +B, Data::Dumper, Dumpvalue, Errno, File::Spec, ExtUtils::Installed, +ExtUtils::Packlist, Fatal, IPC::SysV, Test, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle, +Thread, attrs, fields, re + +=item Changes in existing modules + +Benchmark, Carp, CGI, Fcntl, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, POSIX, DB_File, +MakeMaker, CPAN, Cwd =back +=item Utility Changes + +=item Documentation Changes + +=item New Diagnostics + +Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &, Bad index +while coercing array into hash, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent +package, Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value, Can't check +filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid, Can't coerce array into hash, Can't +goto subroutine from an eval-string, Can't localize pseudo-hash element, +Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available, Cannot find an opnumber +for "%s", Character class syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions, +Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Character +class syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions, %s: Eval-group in +insecure regular expression, %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval', %s: +Eval-group not allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to '' (assuming +package main), Illegal hex digit ignored, No such array field, No such +field "%s" in variable %s of type %s, Out of memory during ridiculously +large request, Range iterator outside integer range, Recursive inheritance +detected while looking for method '%s' %s, Reference found where even-sized +list expected, Undefined value assigned to typeglob, Use of reserved word +"%s" is deprecated, perl: warning: Setting locale failed + +=item Obsolete Diagnostics + +Can't mktemp(), Can't write to temp file for B<-e>: %s, Cannot open +temporary file, regexp too big + +=item Configuration Changes + +=item BUGS + =item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHOR +=item HISTORY =back -=head2 perldebug - Perl debugging +=head2 perl5004delta, perldelta - what's new for perl5.004 -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item The Perl Debugger +=item Supported Environments -=over +=item Core Changes -=item Debugger Commands +=over 4 -h [command], p expr, x expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], T, s [expr], n -[expr], r, <CR>, c [line|sub], l, l min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, --, w [line], f filename, /pattern/, ?pattern?, L, S [[!]regex], t, t expr, -b [line] [condition], b subname [condition], b postpone subname -[condition], b load filename, b compile subname, d [line], D, a [line] -command, a [line], A, W expr, W, O booloption .., O anyoption? .., O -option=value .., < ?, < [ command ], << command, > ?, > command, >> -command, { ?, { [ command ], {{ command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !! -cmd, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, man [manpage] +=item List assignment to %ENV works -=item Configurable Options +=item Change to "Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC" error -C<recallCommand>, C<ShellBang>, C<pager>, C<tkRunning>, C<signalLevel>, -C<warnLevel>, C<dieLevel>, C<AutoTrace>, C<LineInfo>, C<inhibit_exit>, -C<PrintRet>, C<ornaments>, C<frame>, C<maxTraceLen>, C<arrayDepth>, -C<hashDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>, C<globPrint>, C<DumpDBFiles>, -C<DumpPackages>, C<DumpReused>, C<quote>, C<HighBit>, C<undefPrint>, -C<UsageOnly>, C<TTY>, C<noTTY>, C<ReadLine>, C<NonStop> +=item Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003 -=item Debugger input/output +=item $PERL5OPT environment variable -Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame -listing +=item Limitations on B<-M>, B<-m>, and B<-T> options -=item Debugging compile-time statements +=item More precise warnings -=item Debugger Customization +=item Deprecated: Inherited C<AUTOLOAD> for non-methods -=item Readline Support +=item Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable -=item Editor Support for Debugging +=item Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified -=item The Perl Profiler +=item Group vector changeable with C<$)> -=back +=item Fixed parsing of $$<digit>, &$<digit>, etc. -=item Debugging regular expressions +=item Fixed localization of $<digit>, $&, etc. -=item Debugging memory usage +=item No resetting of $. on implicit close -=item SEE ALSO +=item C<wantarray> may return undef -=item BUGS +=item C<eval EXPR> determines value of EXPR in scalar context -=back +=item Changes to tainting checks -=head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl +No glob() or <*>, No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV, $BASH_ENV, No +spawning if tainted $TERM doesn't look like a terminal name -=over +=item New Opcode module and revised Safe module -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Embedding improvements -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes -=item Storing numbers +=item Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface -=item Numeric operators and numeric conversions +=item New and changed syntax -=item Flavors of Perl numeric operations +$coderef->(PARAMS) -Arithmetic operators except, C<no integer>, Arithmetic operators except, -C<use integer>, Bitwise operators, C<no integer>, Bitwise operators, C<use -integer>, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a -string +=item New and changed builtin constants -=item AUTHOR +__PACKAGE__ -=item SEE ALSO +=item New and changed builtin variables -=back +$^E, $^H, $^M -=head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging +=item New and changed builtin functions -=over +delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys as an lvalue, my() in +Control Structures, pack() and unpack(), sysseek(), use VERSION, use Module +VERSION LIST, prototype(FUNCTION), srand, $_ as Default, C<m//gc> does not +reset search position on failure, C<m//x> ignores whitespace before ?*+{}, +nested C<sub{}> closures work now, formats work right on changing lexicals -=item DESCRIPTION +=item New builtin methods -=item Debugger Internals +isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] ) -=over +=item TIEHANDLE now supported -=item Writing Your Own Debugger +TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST, READ this +LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, DESTROY this -=back +=item Malloc enhancements -=item Frame Listing Output Examples +-DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC, -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE -=item Debugging regular expressions +=item Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements -=over +=back -=item Compile-time output +=item Support for More Operating Systems -C<anchored> I<STRING> C<at> I<POS>, C<floating> I<STRING> C<at> -I<POS1..POS2>, C<matching floating/anchored>, C<minlen>, C<stclass> -I<TYPE>, C<noscan>, C<isall>, C<GPOS>, C<plus>, C<implicit>, C<with eval>, -C<anchored(TYPE)> +=over 4 -=item Types of nodes +=item Win32 -=item Run-time output +=item Plan 9 + +=item QNX + +=item AmigaOS =back -=item Debugging Perl memory usage +=item Pragmata -=over +use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib, use blib 'dir', use +constant NAME => VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish -=item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}> +=item Modules -C<buckets SMALLEST(APPROX)..GREATEST(APPROX)>, Free/Used, C<Total sbrk(): -SBRKed/SBRKs:CONTINUOUS>, C<pad: 0>, C<heads: 2192>, C<chain: 0>, C<tail: -6144> +=over 4 -=item Example of using B<-DL> switch +=item Required Updates -C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704> +=item Installation directories -=item B<-DL> details +=item Module information summary -C<!!!>, C<!!>, C<!> +=item Fcntl -=item Limitations of B<-DL> statistics +=item IO -=back +=item Math::Complex -=item SEE ALSO +=item Math::Trig + +=item DB_File + +=item Net::Ping + +=item Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators =back -=head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics +=item Utility Changes -=over +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item pod2html -=back +Sends converted HTML to standard output -=head2 perlsec - Perl security +=item xsubpp -=over +C<void> XSUBs now default to returning nothing -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=over +=item C Language API Changes -=item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data +C<gv_fetchmethod> and C<perl_call_sv>, C<perl_eval_pv>, Extended API for +manipulating hashes -=item Switches On the "#!" Line +=item Documentation Changes -=item Cleaning Up Your Path +L<perldelta>, L<perlfaq>, L<perllocale>, L<perltoot>, L<perlapio>, +L<perlmodlib>, L<perldebug>, L<perlsec> -=item Security Bugs +=item New Diagnostics -=item Protecting Your Programs +"my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope, %s argument is +not a HASH element or slice, Allocation too large: %lx, Allocation too +large, Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s), Attempt to free +nonexistent shared string, Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr, +Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package, Can't redefine active sort +subroutine %s, Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in +use, Cannot resolve method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s', Constant +subroutine %s redefined, Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy method did +not return a reference, Died, Exiting pseudo-block via %s, Identifier too +long, Illegal character %s (carriage return), Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: +%s, Integer overflow in hex number, Integer overflow in octal number, +internal error: glob failed, Invalid conversion in %s: "%s", Invalid type +in pack: '%s', Invalid type in unpack: '%s', Name "%s::%s" used only once: +possible typo, Null picture in formline, Offset outside string, Out of +memory!, Out of memory during request for %s, panic: frexp, Possible +attempt to put comments in qw() list, Possible attempt to separate words +with commas, Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found +while resolving method `%s' overloading `%s' in %s, Too late for "B<-T>" +option, untie attempted while %d inner references still exist, Unrecognized +character %s, Unsupported function fork, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean +"${$}<digit>" is deprecated, Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined(), +Variable "%s" may be unavailable, Variable "%s" will not stay shared, +Warning: something's wrong, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, +Got an error from DosAllocMem, Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX, PERL_SH_DIR too +long, Process terminated by SIG%s -=back +=item BUGS =item SEE ALSO +=item HISTORY + =back -=head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary +=head2 perlaix, README.aix - Perl version 5 on IBM Unix (AIX) systems -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 -=item Awk Traps +=item Compiling Perl 5 on AIX -=item C Traps +=item OS level -=item Sed Traps +=item Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX -=item Shell Traps +=item The IBM ANSI C Compiler -=item Perl Traps +=item Using GNU's gcc for building perl -=item Perl4 to Perl5 Traps +=item Using Large Files with Perl -Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps, Numerical -Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps - scalar, list contexts, -Precedence Traps, General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc, -Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps +=item Threaded Perl -=item Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps +=item 64-bit Perl -Discontinuance, Deprecation, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, -Discontinuance, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, BugFix, -Discontinuance, Deprecation, Discontinuance +=item GDBM and Threads -=item Parsing Traps +=item NFS filesystems and utime(2) -Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing +=back -=item Numerical Traps +=item AUTHOR -Numerical, Numerical, Numerical, Bitwise string ops +=item DATE -=item General data type traps +=back -(Arrays), (Arrays), (Hashes), (Globs), (Globs), (Scalar String), -(Constants), (Scalars), (Variable Suicide) +=head2 perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS -=item Context Traps - scalar, list contexts +=over 4 -(list context), (scalar context), (scalar context), (list, builtin) +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Precedence Traps +=back -Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, -Precedence +=over 4 -=item General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc. +=item DESCRIPTION -Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular -Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, -Regular Expression +=over 4 -=item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps +=item Prerequisites -(Signals), (Sort Subroutine), warn() won't let you specify a filehandle +B<Unix emulation for AmigaOS: ixemul.library>, B<Version of Amiga OS> -=item OS Traps +=item Starting Perl programs under AmigaOS -(SysV), (SysV) +=item Shortcomings of Perl under AmigaOS -=item Interpolation Traps +=back -Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, -Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation +=item INSTALLATION -=item DBM Traps +=item Accessing documentation -DBM, DBM +=over 4 -=item Unclassified Traps +=item Manpages -C<require>/C<do> trap using returned value, C<split> on empty string with -LIMIT specified +=item B<HTML> + +=item B<GNU> C<info> files + +=item C<LaTeX> docs =back +=item BUILD + +=over 4 + +=item Prerequisites + +=item Getting the perl source + +=item Making + +sh Configure -Dprefix=/ade -Dloclibpth=/ade/lib + +=item Testing + +=item Installing the built perl + =back -=head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl +=item AUTHORS -=over +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlbs2000, README.BS2000 - building and installing Perl for BS2000. + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I<is> -portable +=over 4 -=item ISSUES +=item gzip -=over +=item bison -=item Newlines +=item Unpacking -=item Numbers endianness and Width +=item Compiling -=item Files and Filesystems +=item Testing -=item System Interaction +=item Install -=item Interprocess Communication (IPC) +=item Using Perl in the Posix-Shell -=item External Subroutines (XS) +=item Using Perl in "native" BS2000 -=item Standard Modules +=item Floating point anomalies -=item Time and Date +=back -=item Character sets and character encoding +=item AUTHORS -=item Internationalisation +=item SEE ALSO -=item System Resources +=over 4 -=item Security +=item Mailing list -=item Style +=back + +=item HISTORY =back -=item CPAN Testers +=head2 perlcygwin, README.cygwin - Perl for Cygwin -Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results: -http://testers.cpan.org/ +=over 4 -=item PLATFORMS +=item SYNOPSIS -=over +=item PREREQUISITES -=item Unix +=over 4 -=item DOS and Derivatives +=item Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it) -Build instructions for OS/2, L<perlos2> +=item Cygwin Configuration -=item S<Mac OS> +C<PATH>, I<nroff>, Permissions -=item VMS +=back -=item VOS +=item CONFIGURE -=item EBCDIC Platforms +=over 4 -=item Acorn RISC OS +=item Strip Binaries -=item Other perls +=item Optional Libraries + +C<-lcrypt>, C<-lgdbm> (C<use GDBM_File>), C<-ldb> (C<use DB_File>), +C<-lcygipc> (C<use IPC::SysV>) + +=item Configure-time Options + +C<-Uusedl>, C<-Uusemymalloc>, C<-Dusemultiplicity>, C<-Duseperlio>, +C<-Duse64bitint>, C<-Duselongdouble>, C<-Dusethreads>, C<-Duselargefiles> + +=item Suspicious Warnings + +I<dlsym()>, Win9x and C<d_eofnblk>, Compiler/Preprocessor defines =back -=item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS +=item MAKE -=over +=over 4 -=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions +=item Warnings --I<X> FILEHANDLE, -I<X> EXPR, -I<X>, alarm SECONDS, alarm, binmode -FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt -PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec -LIST, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, -getlogin, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, -getgrnam NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr -ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, -getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, -setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, -setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, -endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, -ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill SIGNAL, LIST, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, -lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, -msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, -open FILEHANDLE, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink EXPR, readlink, -select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget -KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP, -setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt -SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, -shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, socketpair -SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, -symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen -FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate -FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST, -wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS +=item ld2 =back -=item CHANGES +=item TEST -v1.47, 22 March 2000, v1.46, 12 February 2000, v1.45, 20 December 1999, -v1.44, 19 July 1999, v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22 May 1999, v1.41, 19 May -1999, v1.40, 11 April 1999, v1.39, 11 February 1999, v1.38, 31 December -1998, v1.37, 19 December 1998, v1.36, 9 September 1998, v1.35, 13 August -1998, v1.33, 06 August 1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998, v1.30, 03 August 1998, -v1.23, 10 July 1998 +=over 4 -=item Supported Platforms +=item File Permissions -=item SEE ALSO +=item Hard Links -=item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS +=item Filetime Granularity -=item VERSION +=item Tainting Checks + +=item /etc/group + +=item Script Portability + +Pathnames, Text/Binary, F<.exe>, chown(), Miscellaneous =back -=head2 perlstyle - Perl style guide +=item INSTALL -=over +=item MANIFEST -=item DESCRIPTION +Documentation, Build, Configure, Make, Install, Tests, Compiled Perl +Source, Compiled Module Source, Perl Modules/Scripts + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHORS + +=item HISTORY =back -=head2 perlpod - plain old documentation +=head2 perldos - Perl under DOS, W31, W95. + +=over 4 -=over +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 -=item Verbatim Paragraph +=item Prerequisites -=item Command Paragraph +DJGPP, Pthreads -=item Ordinary Block of Text +=item Shortcomings of Perl under DOS -=item The Intent +=item Building -=item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules +=item Testing -=item Common Pod Pitfalls +=item Installation =back -=item SEE ALSO +=item BUILDING AND INSTALLING MODULES + +=over 4 + +=item Prerequisites + +=item Unpacking CPAN Modules + +=item Building Non-XS Modules + +=item Building XS Modules + +=back =item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO + =back -=head2 perlbook - Perl book information +=head2 perlepoc, README.epoc - Perl for EPOC -=over +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item INTRODUCTION + +=item INSTALLING PERL ON EPOC + +=item STARTING PERL ON EPOC + +=item STOPPING PERL ON EPOC + +=item USING PERL ON EPOC + +=over 4 + +=item I/O Redirection + +=item PATH Names + +=item Editors + +=item Features + +=item Restrictions + +=item Compiling Perl 5 on the EPOC cross compiling environment =back -=head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program +=item SUPPORT STATUS -=over +=item AUTHOR + +=item LAST UPDATE + +=back + +=head2 perlhpux, README.hpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix +(HP-UX) systems + +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 -=item PREAMBLE +=item Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX -B<Use C from Perl?>, B<Use a Unix program from Perl?>, B<Use Perl from -Perl?>, B<Use C from C?>, B<Use Perl from C?> +=item PA-RISC -=item ROADMAP +=item PA-RISC 1.0 -=item Compiling your C program +=item PA-RISC 1.1 -=item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program +=item PA-RISC 2.0 -=item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program +=item Portability Between PA-RISC Versions -=item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program +=item Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX -=item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program +=item The HP ANSI C Compiler -=item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program +=item Using Large Files with Perl -=item Maintaining a persistent interpreter +=item Threaded Perl -=item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances +=item 64-bit Perl -=item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C -program +=item GDBM and Threads -=back +=item NFS filesystems and utime(2) -=item Embedding Perl under Win32 +=item perl -P and // -=item MORAL +=back =item AUTHOR -=item COPYRIGHT +=item DATE =back -=head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface. - -=over +=head2 perlmachten, README.machten - Perl version 5 on Power MachTen +systems -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -B<PerlIO *>, B<PerlIO_stdin()>, B<PerlIO_stdout()>, B<PerlIO_stderr()>, -B<PerlIO_open(path, mode)>, B<PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode)>, -B<PerlIO_printf(f,fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a)>, -B<PerlIO_stdoutf(fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_read(f,buf,count)>, -B<PerlIO_write(f,buf,count)>, B<PerlIO_close(f)>, B<PerlIO_puts(f,s)>, -B<PerlIO_putc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_ungetc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_getc(f)>, -B<PerlIO_eof(f)>, B<PerlIO_error(f)>, B<PerlIO_fileno(f)>, -B<PerlIO_clearerr(f)>, B<PerlIO_flush(f)>, B<PerlIO_tell(f)>, -B<PerlIO_seek(f,o,w)>, B<PerlIO_getpos(f,p)>, B<PerlIO_setpos(f,p)>, -B<PerlIO_rewind(f)>, B<PerlIO_tmpfile()> +=over 4 -=over +=item Compiling Perl 5 on MachTen -=item Co-existence with stdio +=item Failures during C<make test> -B<PerlIO_importFILE(f,flags)>, B<PerlIO_exportFILE(f,flags)>, -B<PerlIO_findFILE(f)>, B<PerlIO_releaseFILE(p,f)>, B<PerlIO_setlinebuf(f)>, -B<PerlIO_has_cntptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_ptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_cnt(f)>, -B<PerlIO_canset_cnt(f)>, B<PerlIO_fast_gets(f)>, -B<PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c)>, B<PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_has_base(f)>, -B<PerlIO_get_base(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)> +op/lexassign.t, pragma/warnings.t + +=item Building external modules =back +=item AUTHOR + +=item DATE + =back -=head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual +=head2 perlmacos, README.macos - Perl under Mac OS (Classic) + +=over 4 -=over +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=item AUTHOR -=item Introduction +=item DATE -=item On The Road +=back -=item The Anatomy of an XSUB +=head2 perlmpeix, README.mpeix - Perl/iX for HP e3000 MPE -=item The Argument Stack +=head1 SYNOPSIS -=item The RETVAL Variable +=over 4 -=item The MODULE Keyword +=item What's New -=item The PACKAGE Keyword +=item System Requirements -=item The PREFIX Keyword +=item How to Obtain Perl/iX -=item The OUTPUT: Keyword +=item Distribution Contents Highlights -=item The CODE: Keyword +README, public_html/feedback.cgi, 4, 6 -=item The INIT: Keyword +=item Getting Started with Perl/iX -=item The NO_INIT Keyword +=item MPE/iX Implementation Considerations -=item Initializing Function Parameters +=item Change History -=item Default Parameter Values +=back -=item The PREINIT: Keyword +=head2 perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT. -=item The SCOPE: Keyword +=over 4 -=item The INPUT: Keyword +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Variable-length Parameter Lists +=back -=item The C_ARGS: Keyword +=over 4 -=item The PPCODE: Keyword +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Returning Undef And Empty Lists +=over 4 -=item The REQUIRE: Keyword +=item Target -=item The CLEANUP: Keyword +=item Other OSes -=item The BOOT: Keyword +=item Prerequisites -=item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword +EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh -=item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword +=item Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...) -=item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword +=item Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl -=item The ALIAS: Keyword +=back -=item The INTERFACE: Keyword +=item Frequently asked questions -=item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword +=over 4 -=item The INCLUDE: Keyword +=item "It does not work" -=item The CASE: Keyword +=item I cannot run external programs -=item The & Unary Operator +=item I cannot embed perl into my program, or use F<perl.dll> from my +program. -=item Inserting Comments and C Preprocessor Directives +Is your program EMX-compiled with C<-Zmt -Zcrtdll>?, Did you use +L<ExtUtils::Embed>? -=item Using XS With C++ +=item C<``> and pipe-C<open> do not work under DOS. -=item Interface Strategy +=item Cannot start C<find.exe "pattern" file> -=item Perl Objects And C Structures +=back -=item The Typemap +=item INSTALLATION -=back +=over 4 -=item EXAMPLES +=item Automatic binary installation -=item XS VERSION +C<PERL_BADLANG>, C<PERL_BADFREE>, F<Config.pm> -=item AUTHOR +=item Manual binary installation + +Perl VIO and PM executables (dynamically linked), Perl_ VIO executable +(statically linked), Executables for Perl utilities, Main Perl library, +Additional Perl modules, Tools to compile Perl modules, Manpages for Perl +and utilities, Manpages for Perl modules, Source for Perl documentation, +Perl manual in F<.INF> format, Pdksh + +=item B<Warning> =back -=head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs +=item Accessing documentation -=over +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item OS/2 F<.INF> file -=item SPECIAL NOTES +=item Plain text -=over +=item Manpages -=item make +=item HTML -=item Version caveat +=item GNU C<info> files -=item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading +=item F<.PDF> files + +=item C<LaTeX> docs =back -=item TUTORIAL +=item BUILD -=over +=over 4 -=item EXAMPLE 1 +=item The short story -=item EXAMPLE 2 +=item Prerequisites -=item What has gone on? +=item Getting perl source -=item Writing good test scripts +=item Application of the patches -=item EXAMPLE 3 +=item Hand-editing -=item What's new here? +=item Making -=item Input and Output Parameters +=item Testing -=item The XSUBPP Program +A lot of C<bad free>, Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT, F<op/fs.t>, +F<op/stat.t> -=item The TYPEMAP file +=item Installing the built perl -=item Warning about Output Arguments +=item C<a.out>-style build -=item EXAMPLE 4 +=back -=item What has happened here? +=item Build FAQ -=item Anatomy of .xs file +=over 4 -=item Getting the fat out of XSUBs +=item Some C</> became C<\> in pdksh. -=item More about XSUB arguments +=item C<'errno'> - unresolved external -=item The Argument Stack +=item Problems with tr or sed -=item Extending your Extension +=item Some problem (forget which ;-) -=item Documenting your Extension +=item Library ... not found -=item Installing your Extension +=item Segfault in make -=item EXAMPLE 5 +=item op/sprintf test failure -=item New Things in this Example +=back -=item EXAMPLE 6 (Coming Soon) +=item Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port -=item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon) +=over 4 -=item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon) +=item C<setpriority>, C<getpriority> -=item EXAMPLE 9 (Coming Soon) +=item C<system()> -=item Troubleshooting these Examples +=item C<extproc> on the first line -=back +=item Additional modules: -=item See also +=item Prebuilt methods: -=item Author +C<File::Copy::syscopy>, C<DynaLoader::mod2fname>, C<Cwd::current_drive()>, + C<Cwd::sys_chdir(name)>, C<Cwd::change_drive(name)>, +C<Cwd::sys_is_absolute(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_is_rooted(name)>, +C<Cwd::sys_is_relative(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_cwd(name)>, +C<Cwd::sys_abspath(name, dir)>, C<Cwd::extLibpath([type])>, +C<Cwd::extLibpath_set( path [, type ] )>, +C<OS2::Error(do_harderror,do_exception)>, C<OS2::Errors2Drive(drive)>, +OS2::SysInfo(), OS2::BootDrive(), C<OS2::MorphPM(serve)>, +C<OS2::UnMorphPM(serve)>, C<OS2::Serve_Messages(force)>, +C<OS2::Process_Messages(force [, cnt])>, C<OS2::_control87(new,mask)>, +OS2::get_control87(), C<OS2::set_control87_em(new=MCW_EM,mask=MCW_EM)> -=over +=item Prebuilt variables: -=item Last Changed +$OS2::emx_rev, $OS2::emx_env, $OS2::os_ver -=back +=item Misfeatures -=back +=item Modifications -=head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API +C<popen>, C<tmpnam>, C<tmpfile>, C<ctermid>, C<stat>, C<mkdir>, C<rmdir>, +C<flock> -=over +=item Identifying DLLs -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Centralized management of resources -=item Variables +C<HAB>, C<HMQ> -=over +=back -=item Datatypes +=item Perl flavors -=item What is an "IV"? +=over 4 -=item Working with SVs +=item F<perl.exe> -=item What's Really Stored in an SV? +=item F<perl_.exe> -=item Working with AVs +=item F<perl__.exe> -=item Working with HVs +=item F<perl___.exe> -=item Hash API Extensions +=item Why strange names? -=item References +=item Why dynamic linking? -=item Blessed References and Class Objects +=item Why chimera build? -=item Creating New Variables +=back -=item Reference Counts and Mortality +=item ENVIRONMENT -=item Stashes and Globs +=over 4 -=item Double-Typed SVs +=item C<PERLLIB_PREFIX> -=item Magic Variables +=item C<PERL_BADLANG> -=item Assigning Magic +=item C<PERL_BADFREE> -=item Magic Virtual Tables +=item C<PERL_SH_DIR> -=item Finding Magic +=item C<USE_PERL_FLOCK> -=item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays +=item C<TMP> or C<TEMP> -=item Localizing changes +=back -C<SAVEINT(int i)>, C<SAVEIV(IV i)>, C<SAVEI32(I32 i)>, C<SAVELONG(long i)>, -C<SAVESPTR(s)>, C<SAVEPPTR(p)>, C<SAVEFREESV(SV *sv)>, C<SAVEFREEOP(OP -*op)>, C<SAVEFREEPV(p)>, C<SAVECLEARSV(SV *sv)>, C<SAVEDELETE(HV *hv, char -*key, I32 length)>, C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR(DESTRUCTORFUNC_NOCONTEXT_t f, void -*p)>, C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X(DESTRUCTORFUNC_t f, void *p)>, C<SAVESTACK_POS()>, -C<SV* save_scalar(GV *gv)>, C<AV* save_ary(GV *gv)>, C<HV* save_hash(GV -*gv)>, C<void save_item(SV *item)>, C<void save_list(SV **sarg, I32 -maxsarg)>, C<SV* save_svref(SV **sptr)>, C<void save_aptr(AV **aptr)>, -C<void save_hptr(HV **hptr)> +=item Evolution -=back +=over 4 -=item Subroutines +=item Priorities -=over +=item DLL name mangling -=item XSUBs and the Argument Stack +=item Threading -=item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs +=item Calls to external programs -=item Memory Allocation +=item Memory allocation -=item PerlIO +=item Threads -=item Putting a C value on Perl stack +C<COND_WAIT>, F<os2.c> -=item Scratchpads +=back -=item Scratchpads and recursion +=back + +=over 4 + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item Compiled code +=head2 perlos390, README.os390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390. -=over +=over 4 -=item Code tree +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Examining the tree +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Compile pass 1: check routines +=over 4 -=item Compile pass 1a: constant folding +=item Unpacking -=item Compile pass 2: context propagation +=item Setup and utilities -=item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization +=item Configure -=back +=item Build, test, install -=item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported +=item build anomalies -=over +=item testing anomalies -=item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT +=item installation anomalies -=item How do I use all this in extensions? +=item Usage Hints -=item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS +=item Floating point anomalies + +=item Modules and Extensions =back @@ -3676,234 +5887,297 @@ C<void save_hptr(HV **hptr)> =item SEE ALSO +=over 4 + +=item Mailing list + =back -=head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C +=item HISTORY -=over +=back + +=head2 perlsolaris, README.solaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris systems + +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program +=over 4 -=item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS +=item Solaris Version Numbers. -call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv +=back -=item FLAG VALUES +=item RESOURCES -=over +Solaris FAQ, Precompiled Binaries, Solaris Documentation -=item G_VOID +=item SETTING UP -=item G_SCALAR +=over 4 -=item G_ARRAY +=item File Extraction Problems. -=item G_DISCARD +=item Compiler and Related Tools. -=item G_NOARGS +=item Environment -=item G_EVAL +=back -=item G_KEEPERR +=item RUN CONFIGURE. -=item Determining the Context +=over 4 + +=item 64-bit Issues. + +=item Threads. + +=item Malloc Issues. =back -=item KNOWN PROBLEMS +=item MAKE PROBLEMS. -=item EXAMPLES +Dynamic Loading Problems With GNU as and GNU ld, ld.so.1: ./perl: fatal: +relocation error:, dlopen: stub interception failed, #error "No +DATAMODEL_NATIVE specified", sh: ar: not found -=over +=item MAKE TEST -=item No Parameters, Nothing returned +=over 4 -=item Passing Parameters +=item op/stat.t test 4 -=item Returning a Scalar +=back -=item Returning a list of values +=item PREBUILT BINARIES. -=item Returning a list in a scalar context +=item RUNTIME ISSUES. -=item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list +=over 4 -=item Using G_EVAL +=item Limits on Numbers of Open Files. -=item Using G_KEEPERR +=back -=item Using call_sv +=item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC MODULES. -=item Using call_argv +=item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC PROBLEMS WITH MODULES. -=item Using call_method +=over 4 -=item Using GIMME_V +=item Proc::ProcessTable -=item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries +=item BSD::Resource -=item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information +=item Net::SSLeay -1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of -callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl -callback +=back -=item Alternate Stack Manipulation +=item AUTHOR -=item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C +=item LAST MODIFIED + +=back + +=head2 perlvmesa, README.vmesa - building and installing Perl for VM/ESA. + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Unpacking + +=item Setup and utilities + +=item Configure + +Don't turn on the compiler optimization flag "-O". There's a bug in the +compiler (APAR PQ18812) that generates some bad code the optimizer is on, +As VM/ESA doesn't fully support the fork() API programs relying on this +call will not work. I've replaced fork()/exec() with spawn() and the +standalone exec() with spawn(). This has a side effect when opening unnamed +pipes in a shell script: there is no child process generated under + +=item testing anomalies + +=item Usage Hints + +When using perl on VM/ESA please keep in mind that the EBCDIC and ASCII +character sets are different. Perl builtin functions that may behave +differently under EBCDIC are mentioned in the perlport.pod document. =back +=item AUTHORS + =item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 -=item DATE +=item Mailing list =back -=head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator +=back -=over +=head2 perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl + +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=item Installation -=item Layout +=item Organization of Perl Images -B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref +=over 4 + +=item Core Images + +=item Perl Extensions + +=item Installing static extensions + +=item Installing dynamic extensions =back -=item Using The Back Ends +=item File specifications -=over +=over 4 -=item The Cross Referencing Back End +=item Syntax -i, &, s, r +=item Wildcard expansion -=item The Decompiling Back End +=item Pipes -=item The Lint Back End +=back -=item The Simple C Back End +=item PERL5LIB and PERLLIB -=item The Bytecode Back End +=item Command line -=item The Optimized C Back End +=over 4 -B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, -B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, -B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref +=item I/O redirection and backgrounding + +=item Command line switches + +-i, -S, -u =back -=item KNOWN PROBLEMS +=item Perl functions + +File tests, backticks, binmode FILEHANDLE, crypt PLAINTEXT, USER, dump, +exec LIST, fork, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, gmtime, kill, qx//, select +(system call), stat EXPR, system LIST, time, times, unlink LIST, utime +LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS + +=item Perl variables + +%ENV, CRTL_ENV, CLISYM_[LOCAL], Any other string, $!, $^E, $?, $^S, $| + +=item Standard modules with VMS-specific differences + +=over 4 + +=item SDBM_File + +=back + +=item Revision date =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API +=head2 perlvos, README.vos - Perl for Stratus VOS -=over +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item SYNOPSIS -AvFILL, av_clear, av_extend, av_fetch, av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, -av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift, call_argv, call_method, call_pv, -call_sv, CLASS, Copy, croak, CvSTASH, dMARK, dORIGMARK, dSP, dXSARGS, -dXSI32, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv, EXTEND, fbm_compile, fbm_instr, FREETMPS, -get_av, get_cv, get_hv, get_sv, GIMME, GIMME_V, GvSV, gv_fetchmeth, -gv_fetchmethod, gv_fetchmethod_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv, G_ARRAY, -G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID, HEf_SVKEY, HeHASH, HeKEY, -HeKLEN, HePV, HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, HeSVKEY_set, HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_clear, -hv_delete, hv_delete_ent, hv_exists, hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent, -hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey, hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv, -hv_iterval, hv_magic, hv_store, hv_store_ent, hv_undef, isALNUM, isALPHA, -isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, items, ix, LEAVE, looks_like_number, -MARK, mg_clear, mg_copy, mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, -mg_set, Move, New, newAV, Newc, newCONSTSUB, newHV, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, -NEWSV, newSViv, newSVnv, newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVrv, newSVsv, -newSVuv, newXS, newXSproto, Newz, Nullav, Nullch, Nullcv, Nullhv, Nullsv, -ORIGMARK, perl_alloc, perl_construct, perl_destruct, perl_free, perl_parse, -perl_run, PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn, PL_modglobal, -PL_na, PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes, POPi, POPl, POPn, POPp, POPs, -PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, PUSHu, PUTBACK, Renew, Renewc, -require_pv, RETVAL, Safefree, savepv, savepvn, SAVETMPS, SP, SPAGAIN, ST, -strEQ, strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT, strNE, strnEQ, strnNE, StructCopy, -SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGETMAGIC, SvGROW, SvIOK, SvIOKp, SvIOK_off, -SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIV, SvIVX, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp, SvNIOK_off, -SvNOK, SvNOKp, SvNOK_off, SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVX, SvOK, SvOOK, -SvPOK, SvPOKp, SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, SvPV, SvPVX, SvPV_force, -SvPV_nolen, SvREFCNT, SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off, -SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSETMAGIC, SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSTASH, SvTAINT, -SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, SvTYPE, svtype, SVt_IV, -SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG, SvUPGRADE, SvUV, -SvUVX, sv_2mortal, sv_bless, sv_catpv, sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn, -sv_catpvn_mg, sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv, sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, sv_cmp, sv_dec, -sv_derived_from, sv_eq, sv_grow, sv_inc, sv_insert, sv_isa, sv_isobject, -sv_len, sv_magic, sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, -sv_setnv, sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv, sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpviv, -sv_setpviv_mg, sv_setpvn, sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, -sv_setref_nv, sv_setref_pv, sv_setref_pvn, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_mg, sv_setuv, -sv_setuv_mg, sv_unref, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, sv_usepvn_mg, sv_vcatpvfn, -sv_vsetpvfn, THIS, toLOWER, toUPPER, warn, XPUSHi, XPUSHn, XPUSHp, XPUSHs, -XPUSHu, XS, XSRETURN, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO, -XSRETURN_NV, XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF, XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO, -XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES, XS_VERSION, XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK, -Zero +=over 4 -=item AUTHORS +=item Stratus POSIX Support -=item SEE ALSO +=back + +=item INSTALLING PERL IN VOS + +=over 4 + +=item Compiling Perl 5 on VOS + +=item Installing Perl 5 on VOS =back -=head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B<internal> - Perl functions +=item USING PERL IN VOS -=over +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Unimplemented Features -=item AUTHORS +=item Restrictions -=item SEE ALSO +=back + +=item SUPPORT STATUS + +=item AUTHOR + +=item LAST UPDATE =back -=head2 perlhist - the Perl history records +=head2 perlwin32 - Perl under Win32 -=over +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item INTRODUCTION +=over 4 -=item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN +=item Setting Up -=over +Make, Command Shell, Borland C++, Microsoft Visual C++, Mingw32 with GCC -=item PUMPKIN? - -=back +=item Building -=item THE RECORDS +=item Testing -=over +=item Installation -=item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES +=item Usage Hints -=item SELECTED PATCH SIZES +Environment Variables, File Globbing, Using perl from the command line, +Building Extensions, Command-line Wildcard Expansion, Win32 Specific +Extensions, Running Perl Scripts, Miscellaneous Things =back -=item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS +=item BUGS AND CAVEATS + +=item AUTHORS + +Gary Ng E<lt>71564.1743@CompuServe.COME<gt>, Gurusamy Sarathy +E<lt>gsar@activestate.comE<gt>, Nick Ing-Simmons +E<lt>nick@ni-s.u-net.comE<gt> + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item HISTORY =back @@ -3911,7 +6185,7 @@ Zero =head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated) -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -3923,7 +6197,7 @@ method, locked =head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -3933,13 +6207,13 @@ method, locked =head2 attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Built-in Attributes @@ -3959,7 +6233,7 @@ FETCH_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES =item EXPORTS -=over +=over 4 =item Default exports @@ -3977,7 +6251,7 @@ FETCH_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES =head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated) -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -3989,7 +6263,7 @@ method, locked =head2 autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4005,7 +6279,7 @@ method, locked =head2 base - Establish IS-A relationship with base class at compile time -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4019,7 +6293,7 @@ method, locked =head2 blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4034,7 +6308,7 @@ method, locked =head2 bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character semantics -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4047,7 +6321,7 @@ semantics =head2 charnames - define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal escape. -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4061,7 +6335,7 @@ escape. =head2 constant - Perl pragma to declare constants -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4082,13 +6356,13 @@ escape. =head2 diagnostics - Perl compiler pragma to force verbose warning diagnostics -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item The C<diagnostics> Pragma @@ -4108,7 +6382,7 @@ diagnostics =head2 fields - compile-time class fields -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4122,13 +6396,13 @@ new, phash =head2 filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item subpragma access @@ -4136,10 +6410,10 @@ new, phash =back -=head2 integer - Perl pragma to compute arithmetic in integer instead of -double +=head2 integer - Perl pragma to use integer arithmetic instead of floating +point -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4149,7 +6423,7 @@ double =head2 less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4159,13 +6433,13 @@ double =head2 lib - manipulate @INC at compile time -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Adding directories to @INC @@ -4184,7 +6458,7 @@ double =head2 locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in operations -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4194,7 +6468,7 @@ operations =head2 open - perl pragma to set default disciplines for input and output -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4208,7 +6482,7 @@ operations =head2 ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4220,13 +6494,13 @@ operations =head2 overload - Package for overloading perl operations -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Declaration of overloaded functions @@ -4255,11 +6529,11 @@ is inherited by derived classes =item SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR C<use overload> -=over +=over 4 =item Last Resort -=item Fallback +=item Fallback C<undef>, TRUE, defined, but FALSE @@ -4294,7 +6568,7 @@ integer, float, binary, q, qr =item Cookbook -=over +=over 4 =item Two-face scalars @@ -4310,13 +6584,16 @@ integer, float, binary, q, qr =item DIAGNOSTICS +Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, `%s' is not an overloadable +type, `%s' is not a code reference + =item BUGS =back =head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4326,7 +6603,7 @@ integer, float, binary, q, qr =head2 sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4334,7 +6611,7 @@ integer, float, binary, q, qr =item OPTIONS -=over +=over 4 =item SIGNAL HANDLERS @@ -4356,7 +6633,7 @@ B<untrapped>, B<any>, I<signal>, I<number> =head2 strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4368,7 +6645,7 @@ C<strict refs>, C<strict vars>, C<strict subs> =head2 subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4378,7 +6655,7 @@ C<strict refs>, C<strict vars>, C<strict subs> =head2 utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 in source code -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4390,7 +6667,7 @@ C<strict refs>, C<strict vars>, C<strict subs> =head2 vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete) -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4400,28 +6677,33 @@ C<strict refs>, C<strict vars>, C<strict subs> =head2 warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -use warnings::register, warnings::enabled([$category]), -warnings::warn([$category,] $message) +use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warnings::enabled($category), +warnings::enabled($object), warnings::warn($message), +warnings::warn($category, $message), warnings::warn($object, $message), +warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category, $message), +warnings::warnif($object, $message) =back +=head2 warnings::register - warnings import function + =head1 MODULE DOCUMENTATION =head2 AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item DBM Comparisons @@ -4435,13 +6717,13 @@ warnings::warn([$category,] $message) =head2 AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Subroutine Stubs @@ -4451,6 +6733,8 @@ warnings::warn([$category,] $message) =item Package Lexicals +=item Not Using AutoLoader + =item B<AutoLoader> vs. B<SelfLoader> =back @@ -4463,7 +6747,7 @@ warnings::warn([$category,] $message) =head2 AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4471,7 +6755,7 @@ warnings::warn([$category,] $message) $keep, $check, $modtime -=over +=over 4 =item Multiple packages @@ -4483,7 +6767,7 @@ $keep, $check, $modtime =head2 B - The Perl Compiler -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4491,7 +6775,7 @@ $keep, $check, $modtime =item OVERVIEW OF CLASSES -=over +=over 4 =item SV-RELATED CLASSES @@ -4501,7 +6785,7 @@ REFCNT, FLAGS =item B::IV METHODS -IV, IVX, needs64bits, packiv +IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv =item B::NV METHODS @@ -4513,7 +6797,7 @@ RV =item B::PV METHODS -PV +PV, PVX =item B::PVMG METHODS @@ -4533,8 +6817,8 @@ USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE =item B::GV METHODS -is_empty, NAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN, LINE, FILE, -FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS +is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN, +LINE, FILE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS =item B::IO METHODS @@ -4616,7 +6900,7 @@ hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR), class(OBJ), threadsv_names =head2 B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate bytecode -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4628,19 +6912,19 @@ bytecode =head2 B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR +=item AUTHORS =back =head2 B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4652,7 +6936,7 @@ bytecode =head2 B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4661,20 +6945,21 @@ bytecode =item OPTIONS B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>, -B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-fstrip-syntax-tree>, -B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-m> +B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, +B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage> Stores package in the +output. =back =item EXAMPLES =item BUGS -=item AUTHOR +=item AUTHORS =back =head2 B::C - Perl compiler's C backend -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4695,7 +6980,7 @@ B<-DC>, B<-DM>, B<-f>, B<-fcog>, B<-fno-cog>, B<-On>, B<-llimit> =head2 B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4713,7 +6998,7 @@ B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On> =item DIFFERENCES -=over +=over 4 =item Loops @@ -4729,9 +7014,48 @@ B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On> =back +=head2 B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item OPTIONS + +B<-basic>, B<-exec>, B<-tree>, B<-compact>, B<-loose>, B<-vt>, B<-ascii>, +B<-main>, B<-base>I<n>, B<-bigendian>, B<-littleendian>, B<-concise>, +B<-terse>, B<-linenoise>, B<-debug>, B<-env> + +=item FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS + +B<(x(>I<exec_text>B<;>I<basic_text>B<)x)>, B<(*(>I<text>B<)*)>, +B<(*(>I<text1>B<;>I<text2>B<)*)>, B<(?(>I<text1>B<#>I<var>I<Text2>B<)?)>, +B<#>I<var>, B<#>I<var>I<N>, B<~>, B<#addr>, B<#arg>, B<#class>, +B<#classym>, B<#coplabel>, B<#exname>, B<#extarg>, B<#firstaddr>, +B<#flags>, B<#flagval>, B<#hyphenseq>, B<#label>, B<#lastaddr>, B<#name>, +B<#NAME>, B<#next>, B<#nextaddr>, B<#noise>, B<#private>, B<#privval>, +B<#seq>, B<#seqnum>, B<#sibaddr>, B<#svaddr>, B<#svclass>, B<#svval>, +B<#targ>, B<#targarg>, B<#targarglife>, B<#typenum> + +=item ABBREVIATIONS + +=over 4 + +=item OP flags abbreviations + +=item OP class abbreviations + +=back + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + =head2 B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4743,7 +7067,7 @@ B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On> =head2 B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4752,11 +7076,11 @@ B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On> =item OPTIONS B<-l>, B<-p>, B<-q>, B<-u>I<PACKAGE>, B<-s>I<LETTERS>, B<C>, B<i>I<NUMBER>, -B<T>, B<v>I<STRING>B<.> +B<T>, B<v>I<STRING>B<.>, B<-x>I<LEVEL> =item USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE -=over +=over 4 =item Synopsis @@ -4776,7 +7100,7 @@ B<T>, B<v>I<STRING>B<.> =head2 B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4788,7 +7112,7 @@ B<T>, B<v>I<STRING>B<.> =head2 B::Lint - Perl lint -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4811,7 +7135,7 @@ B<-u Package> =head2 B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4827,7 +7151,7 @@ B<-u Package> =head2 B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4839,7 +7163,7 @@ B<-u Package> =head2 B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4849,9 +7173,11 @@ B<-u Package> =back +=head2 B::Stash - show what stashes are loaded + =head2 B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4863,7 +7189,7 @@ B<-u Package> =head2 B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4881,7 +7207,7 @@ C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-D[tO]> =head2 Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4893,13 +7219,13 @@ C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-D[tO]> =head2 Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Methods @@ -4937,7 +7263,7 @@ STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF ), countit(TIME, CODE), disablecache ( =head2 ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4951,7 +7277,7 @@ STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF ), countit(TIME, CODE), disablecache ( =head2 Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4960,20 +7286,21 @@ STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF ), countit(TIME, CODE), disablecache ( =item OPTIONS B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>, -B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-fstrip-syntax-tree>, -B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-m> +B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, +B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage> Stores package in the +output. =back =item EXAMPLES =item BUGS -=item AUTHOR +=item AUTHORS =back =head2 CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4981,16 +7308,12 @@ B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-m> =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item PROGRAMMING STYLE =item CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES -1. Use another name for the argument, if one is available. Forexample, --value is an alias for -values, 2. Change the capitalization, e.g. -Values, -3. Put quotes around the argument name, e.g. '-values' - =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE): =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE @@ -5026,8 +7349,8 @@ B<:standard>, B<:all> =item PRAGMAS --any, -compile, -nph, -newstyle_urls, -autoload, -no_debug, --private_tempfiles +-any, -compile, -nosticky, -no_xhtml, -nph, -newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls, +-autoload, -no_debug, -debug, -private_tempfiles =item SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS @@ -5039,7 +7362,7 @@ a </UL> tag) =item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS -=over +=over 4 =item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER: @@ -5056,7 +7379,7 @@ B<Parameters:>, 4, 5, 6.. =item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query> -(B<-query_string>) +(B<-query_string>), B<-base> =item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS @@ -5064,7 +7387,7 @@ B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query> =item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS: -=over +=over 4 =item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS @@ -5074,13 +7397,18 @@ B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query> =item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS +=item AUTOESCAPING HTML + +$escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset = +charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]); + =item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML =back =item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS: -=over +=over 4 =item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG @@ -5132,9 +7460,7 @@ B<Parameters:> =item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON -B<Parameters:>, 3.The third option (-align, optional) is an alignment type, -and may be -TOP, BOTTOM or MIDDLE +B<Parameters:> =item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON @@ -5155,7 +7481,7 @@ the <FORM> tag =item DEBUGGING -=over +=over 4 =item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS @@ -5164,20 +7490,19 @@ the <FORM> tag =item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES B<Accept()>, B<raw_cookie()>, B<user_agent()>, B<path_info()>, -B<path_translated()>, B<remote_host()>, B<script_name()>Return the script -name as a partial URL, for self-refering -scripts, B<referer()>, B<auth_type ()>, B<server_name ()>, B<virtual_host -()>, B<server_software ()>, B<remote_user ()>, B<user_name ()>, +B<path_translated()>, B<remote_host()>, B<script_name()>, B<referer()>, +B<auth_type ()>, B<server_name ()>, B<virtual_host ()>, B<server_port ()>, +B<server_software ()>, B<remote_user ()>, B<user_name ()>, B<request_method()>, B<content_type()>, B<http()>, B<https()> =item USING NPH SCRIPTS In the B<use> statement, By calling the B<nph()> method:, By using B<-nph> -parameters in the B<header()> and B<redirect()> statements: +parameters =item Server Push -multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end() +multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multipart_final() =item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks @@ -5213,7 +7538,7 @@ MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org), =head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -5232,7 +7557,7 @@ MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org), =head2 CGI::Carp, B<CGI::Carp> - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or other) error log -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -5242,12 +7567,14 @@ other) error log =item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW -=over +=over 4 =item Changing the default message =back +=item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS + =item CHANGE LOG =item AUTHORS @@ -5258,7 +7585,7 @@ other) error log =head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -5268,7 +7595,7 @@ other) error log B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag> -=over +=over 4 =item Creating New Cookies @@ -5292,7 +7619,7 @@ B<name()>, B<value()>, B<domain()>, B<path()>, B<expires()> =head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -5318,13 +7645,13 @@ B<name()>, B<value()>, B<domain()>, B<path()>, B<expires()> =head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Tags that won't be formatted @@ -5342,7 +7669,7 @@ B<name()>, B<value()>, B<domain()>, B<path()>, B<expires()> =head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -5350,9 +7677,9 @@ B<name()>, B<value()>, B<domain()>, B<path()>, B<expires()> =item USING CGI::Push --next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires +-next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires, -nph -=over +=over 4 =item Heterogeneous Pages @@ -5372,7 +7699,7 @@ B<name()>, B<value()>, B<domain()>, B<path()>, B<expires()> =head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -5388,21 +7715,35 @@ B<name()>, B<value()>, B<domain()>, B<path()>, B<expires()> =back +=head2 CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + =head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Interactive Mode Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test, install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, look module or -distribution, Signals +distribution, ls author, Signals =item CPAN::Shell @@ -5412,11 +7753,38 @@ distribution, Signals =item The four C<CPAN::*> Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution -=item ProgrammerE<39>s interface - -expand($type,@things), Programming Examples - -=item Methods in the four Classes +=item Programmer's interface + +expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples + +=item Methods in the other Classes + +CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(), +CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(), +CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(), +CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(), +CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(), +CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(), +CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(), +CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(), +CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(), +CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(), +CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(), +CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(), +CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(), +CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(), +CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(), +CPAN::Distribution::test(), CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(), +CPAN::Index::force_reload(), CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(), +CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(), +CPAN::Module::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(), +CPAN::Module::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(), +CPAN::Module::description(), CPAN::Module::force($method,@args), +CPAN::Module::get(), CPAN::Module::inst_file(), +CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::install(), +CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(), +CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::readme(), +CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid() =item Cache Manager @@ -5439,7 +7807,7 @@ E<lt>valueE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt> [shift|pop]>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt> [unshift|push|splice] E<lt>listE<gt>> -=over +=over 4 =item Note on urllist parameter's format @@ -5455,19 +7823,33 @@ optionE<gt> [shift|pop]>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt> =item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS +=over 4 + +=item Three basic types of firewalls + http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade +=item Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall + +=back + +=item FAQ + +1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10) + =item BUGS =item AUTHOR +=item TRANSLATIONS + =item SEE ALSO =back =head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -5478,7 +7860,7 @@ http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade =head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS module -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -5490,13 +7872,13 @@ module =head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller) -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Forcing a Stack Trace @@ -5508,7 +7890,7 @@ module =head2 Carp::Heavy - Carp guts -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPIS @@ -5518,16 +7900,18 @@ module =head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item The C<struct()> function +=item Class Creation at Compile Time + =item Element Types and Accessor Methods Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or @@ -5547,7 +7931,7 @@ Example 1, Example 2, Example 3 =head2 Config - access Perl configuration information -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -5561,7 +7945,7 @@ myconfig(), config_sh(), config_vars(@names) =item GLOSSARY -=over +=over 4 =item _ @@ -5581,8 +7965,9 @@ C<byacc>, C<byteorder> =item c C<c>, C<castflags>, C<cat>, C<cc>, C<cccdlflags>, C<ccdlflags>, C<ccflags>, -C<ccsymbols>, C<cf_by>, C<cf_email>, C<cf_time>, C<charsize>, C<chgrp>, -C<chmod>, C<chown>, C<clocktype>, C<comm>, C<compress> +C<ccflags_uselargefiles>, C<ccname>, C<ccsymbols>, C<ccversion>, C<cf_by>, +C<cf_email>, C<cf_time>, C<charsize>, C<chgrp>, C<chmod>, C<chown>, +C<clocktype>, C<comm>, C<compress> =item C @@ -5592,63 +7977,68 @@ C<cppstdin>, C<cppsymbols>, C<crosscompile>, C<cryptlib>, C<csh> =item d -C<d_access>, C<d_accessx>, C<d_alarm>, C<d_archlib>, C<d_atolf>, -C<d_atoll>, C<d_attribut>, C<d_bcmp>, C<d_bcopy>, C<d_bincompat5005>, -C<d_bsd>, C<d_bsdgetpgrp>, C<d_bsdsetpgrp>, C<d_bzero>, C<d_casti32>, -C<d_castneg>, C<d_charvspr>, C<d_chown>, C<d_chroot>, C<d_chsize>, -C<d_closedir>, C<d_const>, C<d_crypt>, C<d_csh>, C<d_cuserid>, +C<d__fwalk>, C<d_access>, C<d_accessx>, C<d_alarm>, C<d_archlib>, +C<d_atolf>, C<d_atoll>, C<d_attribut>, C<d_bcmp>, C<d_bcopy>, +C<d_bincompat5005>, C<d_bsd>, C<d_bsdgetpgrp>, C<d_bsdsetpgrp>, C<d_bzero>, +C<d_casti32>, C<d_castneg>, C<d_charvspr>, C<d_chown>, C<d_chroot>, +C<d_chsize>, C<d_closedir>, C<d_const>, C<d_crypt>, C<d_csh>, C<d_cuserid>, C<d_dbl_dig>, C<d_difftime>, C<d_dirnamlen>, C<d_dlerror>, C<d_dlopen>, C<d_dlsymun>, C<d_dosuid>, C<d_drand48proto>, C<d_dup2>, C<d_eaccess>, C<d_endgrent>, C<d_endhent>, C<d_endnent>, C<d_endpent>, C<d_endpwent>, -C<d_endsent>, C<d_endspent>, C<d_eofnblk>, C<d_eunice>, C<d_fchmod>, -C<d_fchown>, C<d_fcntl>, C<d_fd_macros>, C<d_fd_set>, C<d_fds_bits>, -C<d_fgetpos>, C<d_flexfnam>, C<d_flock>, C<d_fork>, C<d_fpathconf>, -C<d_fpos64_t>, C<d_fs_data_s>, C<d_fseeko>, C<d_fsetpos>, C<d_fstatfs>, -C<d_fstatvfs>, C<d_ftello>, C<d_ftime>, C<d_Gconvert>, C<d_getcwd>, -C<d_getfsstat>, C<d_getgrent>, C<d_getgrps>, C<d_gethbyaddr>, -C<d_gethbyname>, C<d_gethent>, C<d_gethname>, C<d_gethostprotos>, -C<d_getlogin>, C<d_getmnt>, C<d_getmntent>, C<d_getnbyaddr>, -C<d_getnbyname>, C<d_getnent>, C<d_getnetprotos>, C<d_getpbyname>, +C<d_endsent>, C<d_eofnblk>, C<d_eunice>, C<d_fchmod>, C<d_fchown>, +C<d_fcntl>, C<d_fcntl_can_lock>, C<d_fd_macros>, C<d_fd_set>, +C<d_fds_bits>, C<d_fgetpos>, C<d_flexfnam>, C<d_flock>, C<d_fork>, +C<d_fpathconf>, C<d_fpos64_t>, C<d_frexpl>, C<d_fs_data_s>, C<d_fseeko>, +C<d_fsetpos>, C<d_fstatfs>, C<d_fstatvfs>, C<d_fsync>, C<d_ftello>, +C<d_ftime>, C<d_Gconvert>, C<d_getcwd>, C<d_getespwnam>, C<d_getfsstat>, +C<d_getgrent>, C<d_getgrps>, C<d_gethbyaddr>, C<d_gethbyname>, +C<d_gethent>, C<d_gethname>, C<d_gethostprotos>, C<d_getlogin>, +C<d_getmnt>, C<d_getmntent>, C<d_getnbyaddr>, C<d_getnbyname>, +C<d_getnent>, C<d_getnetprotos>, C<d_getpagsz>, C<d_getpbyname>, C<d_getpbynumber>, C<d_getpent>, C<d_getpgid>, C<d_getpgrp2>, C<d_getpgrp>, -C<d_getppid>, C<d_getprior>, C<d_getprotoprotos>, C<d_getpwent>, -C<d_getsbyname>, C<d_getsbyport>, C<d_getsent>, C<d_getservprotos>, -C<d_getspent>, C<d_getspnam>, C<d_gettimeod>, C<d_gnulibc>, C<d_grpasswd>, -C<d_hasmntopt>, C<d_htonl>, C<d_iconv>, C<d_index>, C<d_inetaton>, -C<d_int64_t>, C<d_isascii>, C<d_killpg>, C<d_lchown>, C<d_ldbl_dig>, -C<d_link>, C<d_locconv>, C<d_lockf>, C<d_longdbl>, C<d_longlong>, -C<d_lseekproto>, C<d_lstat>, C<d_madvise>, C<d_mblen>, C<d_mbstowcs>, -C<d_mbtowc>, C<d_memchr>, C<d_memcmp>, C<d_memcpy>, C<d_memmove>, -C<d_memset>, C<d_mkdir>, C<d_mkdtemp>, C<d_mkfifo>, C<d_mkstemp>, -C<d_mkstemps>, C<d_mktime>, C<d_mmap>, C<d_mprotect>, C<d_msg>, -C<d_msg_ctrunc>, C<d_msg_dontroute>, C<d_msg_oob>, C<d_msg_peek>, -C<d_msg_proxy>, C<d_msgctl>, C<d_msgget>, C<d_msgrcv>, C<d_msgsnd>, -C<d_msync>, C<d_munmap>, C<d_mymalloc>, C<d_nice>, C<d_nv_preserves_uv>, -C<d_off64_t>, C<d_old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<d_oldpthreads>, -C<d_oldsock>, C<d_open3>, C<d_pathconf>, C<d_pause>, C<d_phostname>, -C<d_pipe>, C<d_poll>, C<d_portable>, C<d_PRId64>, C<d_PRIeldbl>, -C<d_PRIEldbl>, C<d_PRIfldbl>, C<d_PRIFldbl>, C<d_PRIgldbl>, C<d_PRIGldbl>, -C<d_PRIi64>, C<d_PRIo64>, C<d_PRIu64>, C<d_PRIx64>, C<d_PRIX64>, -C<d_pthread_yield>, C<d_pwage>, C<d_pwchange>, C<d_pwclass>, -C<d_pwcomment>, C<d_pwexpire>, C<d_pwgecos>, C<d_pwpasswd>, C<d_pwquota>, -C<d_qgcvt>, C<d_quad>, C<d_readdir>, C<d_readlink>, C<d_rename>, -C<d_rewinddir>, C<d_rmdir>, C<d_safebcpy>, C<d_safemcpy>, C<d_sanemcmp>, -C<d_sched_yield>, C<d_scm_rights>, C<d_seekdir>, C<d_select>, C<d_sem>, +C<d_getppid>, C<d_getprior>, C<d_getprotoprotos>, C<d_getprpwnam>, +C<d_getpwent>, C<d_getsbyname>, C<d_getsbyport>, C<d_getsent>, +C<d_getservprotos>, C<d_getspnam>, C<d_gettimeod>, C<d_gnulibc>, +C<d_grpasswd>, C<d_hasmntopt>, C<d_htonl>, C<d_iconv>, C<d_index>, +C<d_inetaton>, C<d_int64_t>, C<d_isascii>, C<d_isnan>, C<d_isnanl>, +C<d_killpg>, C<d_lchown>, C<d_ldbl_dig>, C<d_link>, C<d_locconv>, +C<d_lockf>, C<d_longdbl>, C<d_longlong>, C<d_lseekproto>, C<d_lstat>, +C<d_madvise>, C<d_mblen>, C<d_mbstowcs>, C<d_mbtowc>, C<d_memchr>, +C<d_memcmp>, C<d_memcpy>, C<d_memmove>, C<d_memset>, C<d_mkdir>, +C<d_mkdtemp>, C<d_mkfifo>, C<d_mkstemp>, C<d_mkstemps>, C<d_mktime>, +C<d_mmap>, C<d_modfl>, C<d_mprotect>, C<d_msg>, C<d_msg_ctrunc>, +C<d_msg_dontroute>, C<d_msg_oob>, C<d_msg_peek>, C<d_msg_proxy>, +C<d_msgctl>, C<d_msgget>, C<d_msgrcv>, C<d_msgsnd>, C<d_msync>, +C<d_munmap>, C<d_mymalloc>, C<d_nice>, C<d_nv_preserves_uv>, +C<d_nv_preserves_uv_bits>, C<d_off64_t>, C<d_old_pthread_create_joinable>, +C<d_oldpthreads>, C<d_oldsock>, C<d_open3>, C<d_pathconf>, C<d_pause>, +C<d_perl_otherlibdirs>, C<d_phostname>, C<d_pipe>, C<d_poll>, +C<d_portable>, C<d_PRId64>, C<d_PRIeldbl>, C<d_PRIEUldbl>, C<d_PRIfldbl>, +C<d_PRIFUldbl>, C<d_PRIgldbl>, C<d_PRIGUldbl>, C<d_PRIi64>, C<d_PRIo64>, +C<d_PRIu64>, C<d_PRIx64>, C<d_PRIXU64>, C<d_pthread_yield>, C<d_pwage>, +C<d_pwchange>, C<d_pwclass>, C<d_pwcomment>, C<d_pwexpire>, C<d_pwgecos>, +C<d_pwpasswd>, C<d_pwquota>, C<d_qgcvt>, C<d_quad>, C<d_readdir>, +C<d_readlink>, C<d_rename>, C<d_rewinddir>, C<d_rmdir>, C<d_safebcpy>, +C<d_safemcpy>, C<d_sanemcmp>, C<d_sbrkproto>, C<d_sched_yield>, +C<d_scm_rights>, C<d_SCNfldbl>, C<d_seekdir>, C<d_select>, C<d_sem>, C<d_semctl>, C<d_semctl_semid_ds>, C<d_semctl_semun>, C<d_semget>, C<d_semop>, C<d_setegid>, C<d_seteuid>, C<d_setgrent>, C<d_setgrps>, C<d_sethent>, C<d_setlinebuf>, C<d_setlocale>, C<d_setnent>, C<d_setpent>, -C<d_setpgid>, C<d_setpgrp2>, C<d_setpgrp>, C<d_setprior>, C<d_setpwent>, -C<d_setregid>, C<d_setresgid>, C<d_setresuid>, C<d_setreuid>, C<d_setrgid>, -C<d_setruid>, C<d_setsent>, C<d_setsid>, C<d_setspent>, C<d_setvbuf>, -C<d_sfio>, C<d_shm>, C<d_shmat>, C<d_shmatprototype>, C<d_shmctl>, -C<d_shmdt>, C<d_shmget>, C<d_sigaction>, C<d_sigsetjmp>, C<d_socket>, -C<d_socklen_t>, C<d_sockpair>, C<d_sqrtl>, C<d_statblks>, +C<d_setpgid>, C<d_setpgrp2>, C<d_setpgrp>, C<d_setprior>, +C<d_setproctitle>, C<d_setpwent>, C<d_setregid>, C<d_setresgid>, +C<d_setresuid>, C<d_setreuid>, C<d_setrgid>, C<d_setruid>, C<d_setsent>, +C<d_setsid>, C<d_setvbuf>, C<d_sfio>, C<d_shm>, C<d_shmat>, +C<d_shmatprototype>, C<d_shmctl>, C<d_shmdt>, C<d_shmget>, C<d_sigaction>, +C<d_sigprocmask>, C<d_sigsetjmp>, C<d_socket>, C<d_socklen_t>, +C<d_sockpair>, C<d_socks5_init>, C<d_sqrtl>, C<d_statblks>, C<d_statfs_f_flags>, C<d_statfs_s>, C<d_statvfs>, C<d_stdio_cnt_lval>, -C<d_stdio_ptr_lval>, C<d_stdio_stream_array>, C<d_stdiobase>, +C<d_stdio_ptr_lval>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_nochange_cnt>, +C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_sets_cnt>, C<d_stdio_stream_array>, C<d_stdiobase>, C<d_stdstdio>, C<d_strchr>, C<d_strcoll>, C<d_strctcpy>, C<d_strerrm>, C<d_strerror>, C<d_strtod>, C<d_strtol>, C<d_strtold>, C<d_strtoll>, -C<d_strtoul>, C<d_strtoull>, C<d_strtouq>, C<d_strxfrm>, C<d_suidsafe>, -C<d_symlink>, C<d_syscall>, C<d_sysconf>, C<d_sysernlst>, C<d_syserrlst>, -C<d_system>, C<d_tcgetpgrp>, C<d_tcsetpgrp>, C<d_telldir>, +C<d_strtoq>, C<d_strtoul>, C<d_strtoull>, C<d_strtouq>, C<d_strxfrm>, +C<d_suidsafe>, C<d_symlink>, C<d_syscall>, C<d_sysconf>, C<d_sysernlst>, +C<d_syserrlst>, C<d_system>, C<d_tcgetpgrp>, C<d_tcsetpgrp>, C<d_telldir>, C<d_telldirproto>, C<d_time>, C<d_times>, C<d_truncate>, C<d_tzname>, C<d_umask>, C<d_uname>, C<d_union_semun>, C<d_ustat>, C<d_vendorarch>, C<d_vendorbin>, C<d_vendorlib>, C<d_vfork>, C<d_void_closedir>, @@ -5669,38 +8059,39 @@ C<fpossize>, C<fpostype>, C<freetype>, C<full_ar>, C<full_csh>, C<full_sed> =item g -C<gccversion>, C<gidformat>, C<gidsign>, C<gidsize>, C<gidtype>, -C<glibpth>, C<grep>, C<groupcat>, C<groupstype>, C<gzip> +C<gccosandvers>, C<gccversion>, C<gidformat>, C<gidsign>, C<gidsize>, +C<gidtype>, C<glibpth>, C<grep>, C<groupcat>, C<groupstype>, C<gzip> =item h -C<h_fcntl>, C<h_sysfile>, C<hint>, C<hostcat>, C<huge> +C<h_fcntl>, C<h_sysfile>, C<hint>, C<hostcat> =item i C<i16size>, C<i16type>, C<i32size>, C<i32type>, C<i64size>, C<i64type>, C<i8size>, C<i8type>, C<i_arpainet>, C<i_bsdioctl>, C<i_db>, C<i_dbm>, C<i_dirent>, C<i_dld>, C<i_dlfcn>, C<i_fcntl>, C<i_float>, C<i_gdbm>, -C<i_grp>, C<i_iconv>, C<i_ieeefp>, C<i_inttypes>, C<i_limits>, C<i_locale>, -C<i_machcthr>, C<i_malloc>, C<i_math>, C<i_memory>, C<i_mntent>, C<i_ndbm>, -C<i_netdb>, C<i_neterrno>, C<i_netinettcp>, C<i_niin>, C<i_poll>, -C<i_pthread>, C<i_pwd>, C<i_rpcsvcdbm>, C<i_sfio>, C<i_sgtty>, C<i_shadow>, -C<i_socks>, C<i_stdarg>, C<i_stddef>, C<i_stdlib>, C<i_string>, -C<i_sunmath>, C<i_sysaccess>, C<i_sysdir>, C<i_sysfile>, C<i_sysfilio>, -C<i_sysin>, C<i_sysioctl>, C<i_syslog>, C<i_sysmman>, C<i_sysmode>, -C<i_sysmount>, C<i_sysndir>, C<i_sysparam>, C<i_sysresrc>, C<i_syssecrt>, -C<i_sysselct>, C<i_syssockio>, C<i_sysstat>, C<i_sysstatfs>, -C<i_sysstatvfs>, C<i_systime>, C<i_systimek>, C<i_systimes>, C<i_systypes>, -C<i_sysuio>, C<i_sysun>, C<i_sysutsname>, C<i_sysvfs>, C<i_syswait>, -C<i_termio>, C<i_termios>, C<i_time>, C<i_unistd>, C<i_ustat>, C<i_utime>, -C<i_values>, C<i_varargs>, C<i_varhdr>, C<i_vfork>, -C<ignore_versioned_solibs>, C<inc_version_list>, C<inc_version_list_init>, -C<incpath>, C<inews>, C<installarchlib>, C<installbin>, C<installman1dir>, -C<installman3dir>, C<installprefix>, C<installprefixexp>, -C<installprivlib>, C<installscript>, C<installsitearch>, C<installsitebin>, -C<installsitelib>, C<installstyle>, C<installusrbinperl>, -C<installvendorarch>, C<installvendorbin>, C<installvendorlib>, C<intsize>, -C<ivdformat>, C<ivsize>, C<ivtype> +C<i_grp>, C<i_iconv>, C<i_ieeefp>, C<i_inttypes>, C<i_libutil>, +C<i_limits>, C<i_locale>, C<i_machcthr>, C<i_malloc>, C<i_math>, +C<i_memory>, C<i_mntent>, C<i_ndbm>, C<i_netdb>, C<i_neterrno>, +C<i_netinettcp>, C<i_niin>, C<i_poll>, C<i_prot>, C<i_pthread>, C<i_pwd>, +C<i_rpcsvcdbm>, C<i_sfio>, C<i_sgtty>, C<i_shadow>, C<i_socks>, +C<i_stdarg>, C<i_stddef>, C<i_stdlib>, C<i_string>, C<i_sunmath>, +C<i_sysaccess>, C<i_sysdir>, C<i_sysfile>, C<i_sysfilio>, C<i_sysin>, +C<i_sysioctl>, C<i_syslog>, C<i_sysmman>, C<i_sysmode>, C<i_sysmount>, +C<i_sysndir>, C<i_sysparam>, C<i_sysresrc>, C<i_syssecrt>, C<i_sysselct>, +C<i_syssockio>, C<i_sysstat>, C<i_sysstatfs>, C<i_sysstatvfs>, +C<i_systime>, C<i_systimek>, C<i_systimes>, C<i_systypes>, C<i_sysuio>, +C<i_sysun>, C<i_sysutsname>, C<i_sysvfs>, C<i_syswait>, C<i_termio>, +C<i_termios>, C<i_time>, C<i_unistd>, C<i_ustat>, C<i_utime>, C<i_values>, +C<i_varargs>, C<i_varhdr>, C<i_vfork>, C<ignore_versioned_solibs>, +C<inc_version_list>, C<inc_version_list_init>, C<incpath>, C<inews>, +C<installarchlib>, C<installbin>, C<installman1dir>, C<installman3dir>, +C<installprefix>, C<installprefixexp>, C<installprivlib>, C<installscript>, +C<installsitearch>, C<installsitebin>, C<installsitelib>, C<installstyle>, +C<installusrbinperl>, C<installvendorarch>, C<installvendorbin>, +C<installvendorlib>, C<intsize>, C<issymlink>, C<ivdformat>, C<ivsize>, +C<ivtype> =item k @@ -5708,12 +8099,12 @@ C<known_extensions>, C<ksh> =item l -C<large>, C<ld>, C<lddlflags>, C<ldflags>, C<ldlibpthname>, C<less>, -C<lib_ext>, C<libc>, C<libperl>, C<libpth>, C<libs>, C<libsdirs>, -C<libsfiles>, C<libsfound>, C<libspath>, C<libswanted>, C<line>, C<lint>, -C<lkflags>, C<ln>, C<lns>, C<locincpth>, C<loclibpth>, C<longdblsize>, -C<longlongsize>, C<longsize>, C<lp>, C<lpr>, C<ls>, C<lseeksize>, -C<lseektype> +C<ld>, C<lddlflags>, C<ldflags>, C<ldflags_uselargefiles>, C<ldlibpthname>, +C<less>, C<lib_ext>, C<libc>, C<libperl>, C<libpth>, C<libs>, C<libsdirs>, +C<libsfiles>, C<libsfound>, C<libspath>, C<libswanted>, +C<libswanted_uselargefiles>, C<line>, C<lint>, C<lkflags>, C<ln>, C<lns>, +C<locincpth>, C<loclibpth>, C<longdblsize>, C<longlongsize>, C<longsize>, +C<lp>, C<lpr>, C<ls>, C<lseeksize>, C<lseektype> =item m @@ -5723,20 +8114,20 @@ C<man3direxp>, C<man3ext> =item M -C<Mcc>, C<medium>, C<mips_type>, C<mkdir>, C<mmaptype>, C<models>, -C<modetype>, C<more>, C<multiarch>, C<mv>, C<myarchname>, C<mydomain>, -C<myhostname>, C<myuname> +C<Mcc>, C<mips_type>, C<mkdir>, C<mmaptype>, C<modetype>, C<more>, +C<multiarch>, C<mv>, C<myarchname>, C<mydomain>, C<myhostname>, C<myuname> =item n -C<n>, C<netdb_hlen_type>, C<netdb_host_type>, C<netdb_name_type>, -C<netdb_net_type>, C<nm>, C<nm_opt>, C<nm_so_opt>, C<nonxs_ext>, C<nroff>, -C<nvsize>, C<nvtype> +C<n>, C<need_va_copy>, C<netdb_hlen_type>, C<netdb_host_type>, +C<netdb_name_type>, C<netdb_net_type>, C<nm>, C<nm_opt>, C<nm_so_opt>, +C<nonxs_ext>, C<nroff>, C<nveformat>, C<nvEUformat>, C<nvfformat>, +C<nvFUformat>, C<nvgformat>, C<nvGUformat>, C<nvsize>, C<nvtype> =item o C<o_nonblock>, C<obj_ext>, C<old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<optimize>, -C<orderlib>, C<osname>, C<osvers> +C<orderlib>, C<osname>, C<osvers>, C<otherlibdirs> =item p @@ -5746,9 +8137,9 @@ C<perl> =item P C<PERL_REVISION>, C<PERL_SUBVERSION>, C<PERL_VERSION>, C<perladmin>, -C<perlpath>, C<pg>, C<phostname>, C<pidtype>, C<plibpth>, C<pm_apiversion>, -C<pmake>, C<pr>, C<prefix>, C<prefixexp>, C<privlib>, C<privlibexp>, -C<prototype>, C<ptrsize> +C<perllibs>, C<perlpath>, C<pg>, C<phostname>, C<pidtype>, C<plibpth>, +C<pm_apiversion>, C<pmake>, C<pr>, C<prefix>, C<prefixexp>, C<privlib>, +C<privlibexp>, C<prototype>, C<ptrsize> =item q @@ -5764,14 +8155,14 @@ C<revision>, C<rm>, C<rmail>, C<runnm> C<sched_yield>, C<scriptdir>, C<scriptdirexp>, C<sed>, C<seedfunc>, C<selectminbits>, C<selecttype>, C<sendmail>, C<sh>, C<shar>, C<sharpbang>, C<shmattype>, C<shortsize>, C<shrpenv>, C<shsharp>, C<sig_count>, -C<sig_name>, C<sig_name_init>, C<sig_num>, C<sig_num_init>, C<signal_t>, -C<sitearch>, C<sitearchexp>, C<sitebin>, C<sitebinexp>, C<sitelib>, -C<sitelib_stem>, C<sitelibexp>, C<siteprefix>, C<siteprefixexp>, -C<sizesize>, C<sizetype>, C<sleep>, C<smail>, C<small>, C<so>, +C<sig_name>, C<sig_name_init>, C<sig_num>, C<sig_num_init>, C<sig_size>, +C<signal_t>, C<sitearch>, C<sitearchexp>, C<sitebin>, C<sitebinexp>, +C<sitelib>, C<sitelib_stem>, C<sitelibexp>, C<siteprefix>, +C<siteprefixexp>, C<sizesize>, C<sizetype>, C<sleep>, C<smail>, C<so>, C<sockethdr>, C<socketlib>, C<socksizetype>, C<sort>, C<spackage>, -C<spitshell>, C<split>, C<sPRId64>, C<sPRIeldbl>, C<sPRIEldbl>, -C<sPRIfldbl>, C<sPRIFldbl>, C<sPRIgldbl>, C<sPRIGldbl>, C<sPRIi64>, -C<sPRIo64>, C<sPRIu64>, C<sPRIx64>, C<sPRIX64>, C<src>, C<ssizetype>, +C<spitshell>, C<sPRId64>, C<sPRIeldbl>, C<sPRIEUldbl>, C<sPRIfldbl>, +C<sPRIFUldbl>, C<sPRIgldbl>, C<sPRIGUldbl>, C<sPRIi64>, C<sPRIo64>, +C<sPRIu64>, C<sPRIx64>, C<sPRIXU64>, C<src>, C<sSCNfldbl>, C<ssizetype>, C<startperl>, C<startsh>, C<static_ext>, C<stdchar>, C<stdio_base>, C<stdio_bufsiz>, C<stdio_cnt>, C<stdio_filbuf>, C<stdio_ptr>, C<stdio_stream_array>, C<strings>, C<submit>, C<subversion>, C<sysman> @@ -5791,13 +8182,13 @@ C<uselongdouble>, C<usemorebits>, C<usemultiplicity>, C<usemymalloc>, C<usenm>, C<useopcode>, C<useperlio>, C<useposix>, C<usesfio>, C<useshrplib>, C<usesocks>, C<usethreads>, C<usevendorprefix>, C<usevfork>, C<usrinc>, C<uuname>, C<uvoformat>, C<uvsize>, C<uvtype>, C<uvuformat>, -C<uvxformat> +C<uvxformat>, C<uvXUformat> =item v C<vendorarch>, C<vendorarchexp>, C<vendorbin>, C<vendorbinexp>, C<vendorlib>, C<vendorlib_stem>, C<vendorlibexp>, C<vendorprefix>, -C<vendorprefixexp>, C<version>, C<vi>, C<voidflags> +C<vendorprefixexp>, C<version>, C<versiononly>, C<vi>, C<voidflags> =item x @@ -5813,9 +8204,9 @@ C<zcat>, C<zip> =back -=head2 Cwd, getcwd - get pathname of current working directory +=head2 Cwd - get pathname of current working directory -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -5827,13 +8218,13 @@ C<zcat>, C<zip> subject to change) -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Global Variables @@ -5862,7 +8253,7 @@ CLIENT->output(LIST) =head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -5870,7 +8261,7 @@ CLIENT->output(LIST) B<DB_HASH>, B<DB_BTREE>, B<DB_RECNO> -=over +=over 4 =item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or 3 @@ -5886,7 +8277,7 @@ B<DB_HASH>, B<DB_BTREE>, B<DB_RECNO> =item DB_HASH -=over +=over 4 =item A Simple Example @@ -5894,7 +8285,7 @@ B<DB_HASH>, B<DB_BTREE>, B<DB_RECNO> =item DB_BTREE -=over +=over 4 =item Changing the BTREE sort order @@ -5912,7 +8303,7 @@ B<DB_HASH>, B<DB_BTREE>, B<DB_RECNO> =item DB_RECNO -=over +=over 4 =item The 'bval' Option @@ -5939,7 +8330,7 @@ $value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>sync([$flags]) ;> B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>, B<filter_fetch_value> -=over +=over 4 =item The Filter @@ -5951,7 +8342,7 @@ B<filter_fetch_value> =item HINTS AND TIPS -=over +=over 4 =item Locking: The Trouble with fd @@ -5967,7 +8358,7 @@ B<Tie::DB_Lock>, B<Tie::DB_LockFile>, B<DB_File::Lock> =item COMMON QUESTIONS -=over +=over 4 =item Why is there Perl source in my database? @@ -5998,13 +8389,13 @@ B<Tie::DB_Lock>, B<Tie::DB_LockFile>, B<DB_File::Lock> =head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both printing and C<eval> -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Methods @@ -6052,7 +8443,7 @@ Dumper =head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6072,15 +8463,21 @@ Dumper =head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 + +=item Memory footprint debugging + +=back + =item EXAMPLES -=over +=over 4 =item A simple scalar string @@ -6114,7 +8511,7 @@ Dumper =head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6124,7 +8521,7 @@ Dumper =head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6134,13 +8531,13 @@ Dumper =head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data. -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Creation @@ -6160,7 +8557,7 @@ veryCompact, set, get =head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6179,7 +8576,7 @@ bootstrap() =head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6192,7 +8589,7 @@ Perl code =head2 English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation variables -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6205,7 +8602,7 @@ variables =head2 Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or arrays -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6219,7 +8616,7 @@ arrays =head2 Errno - System errno constants -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6235,13 +8632,13 @@ arrays =head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item How to Export @@ -6263,7 +8660,7 @@ arrays =head2 Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPIS @@ -6274,7 +8671,7 @@ arrays =head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in Makefiles etc. -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6302,7 +8699,7 @@ mkpath directory.. test_f file -=over +=over 4 =item BUGS @@ -6314,7 +8711,7 @@ test_f file =head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6337,7 +8734,7 @@ ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules) =head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6347,7 +8744,7 @@ ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules) =head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6368,7 +8765,7 @@ packlist(), version() =head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6376,7 +8773,7 @@ packlist(), version() For static extensions, For dynamic extensions, For dynamic extensions -=over +=over 4 =item EXTRALIBS @@ -6388,7 +8785,7 @@ For static extensions, For dynamic extensions, For dynamic extensions =item PORTABILITY -=over +=over 4 =item VMS implementation @@ -6403,7 +8800,7 @@ For static extensions, For dynamic extensions, For dynamic extensions =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6413,10 +8810,12 @@ canonpath, cflags, manifypods, perl_archive =back +perl_archive_after + =head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6426,7 +8825,7 @@ ExtUtils::MakeMaker =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6434,7 +8833,7 @@ ExtUtils::MakeMaker =item METHODS -=over +=over 4 =item Preloaded methods @@ -6454,7 +8853,7 @@ rootdir updir -=over +=over 4 =item SelfLoaded methods @@ -6506,7 +8905,7 @@ file_name_is_absolute find_perl -=over +=over 4 =item Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Makefile @@ -6622,9 +9021,11 @@ xs_o (o) perl_archive +perl_archive_after + export_list -=over +=over 4 =item SEE ALSO @@ -6633,13 +9034,13 @@ export_list =head2 ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Methods always loaded @@ -6651,7 +9052,7 @@ wraplist rootdir (override) -=over +=over 4 =item SelfLoaded methods @@ -6748,7 +9149,7 @@ nicetext (override) =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6794,13 +9195,13 @@ pasthru (o) =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item How To Write A Makefile.PL @@ -6824,21 +9225,21 @@ pasthru (o) =item Using Attributes and Parameters -AUTHOR, ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CAPI, CCFLAGS, CONFIG, +ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CAPI, CCFLAGS, CONFIG, CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DIR, DISTNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, EXCLUDE_EXT, EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FUNCLIST, H, HTMLLIBPODS, HTMLSCRIPTPODS, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN, INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLHTMLPRIVLIBDIR, INSTALLHTMLSCRIPTDIR, INSTALLHTMLSITELIBDIR, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB, INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITELIB, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, -INST_EXE, INST_LIB, INST_HTMLLIBDIR, INST_HTMLSCRIPTDIR, INST_MAN1DIR, -INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, PERL_MALLOC_OK, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, -LINKTYPE, MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, MYEXTLIB, -NAME, NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, PERL, -PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW, PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, -PM, PMLIBDIRS, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC, PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, -PREREQ_PM, SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VERSION, VERSION_FROM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, -XS_VERSION +INST_EXE, INST_HTMLLIBDIR, INST_HTMLSCRIPTDIR, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR, +INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, LINKTYPE, +MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, MYEXTLIB, NAME, +NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, PERL, PERLMAINCC, +PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW, PERM_RWX, +PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS, PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC, +PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, PREREQ_PM, SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VERSION, +VERSION_FROM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION =item Additional lowercase attributes @@ -6871,7 +9272,7 @@ PERL_MM_OPT =head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6896,7 +9297,7 @@ C<Added to MANIFEST:> I<file> =head2 ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6908,7 +9309,7 @@ C<Added to MANIFEST:> I<file> =head2 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6919,7 +9320,7 @@ C<Added to MANIFEST:> I<file> =head2 ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic extension -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6935,7 +9336,7 @@ DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME =head2 ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6955,7 +9356,7 @@ new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file() =head2 ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6965,7 +9366,7 @@ new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file() =head2 Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6977,7 +9378,7 @@ new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file() =head2 Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6991,7 +9392,7 @@ new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file() =head2 File::Basename, fileparse - split a pathname into pieces -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7007,7 +9408,7 @@ C<basename>, C<dirname> =head2 File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7017,7 +9418,7 @@ C<basename>, C<dirname> =head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7031,13 +9432,13 @@ C<basename>, C<dirname> =head2 File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Special behaviour if C<syscopy> is defined (OS/2, VMS and Win32) @@ -7053,7 +9454,7 @@ rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag]) =head2 File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7073,14 +9474,15 @@ rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag]) =head2 File::Find, find - traverse a file tree -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -C<wanted>, C<bydepth>, C<follow>, C<follow_fast>, C<follow_skip>, -C<no_chdir>, C<untaint>, C<untaint_pattern>, C<untaint_skip> +C<wanted>, C<bydepth>, C<preprocess>, C<postprocess>, C<follow>, +C<follow_fast>, C<follow_skip>, C<no_chdir>, C<untaint>, +C<untaint_pattern>, C<untaint_skip> =item CAVEAT @@ -7088,14 +9490,15 @@ C<no_chdir>, C<untaint>, C<untaint_pattern>, C<untaint_skip> =head2 File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION C<GLOB_ERR>, C<GLOB_MARK>, C<GLOB_NOCASE>, C<GLOB_NOCHECK>, C<GLOB_NOSORT>, -C<GLOB_BRACE>, C<GLOB_NOMAGIC>, C<GLOB_QUOTE>, C<GLOB_TILDE>, C<GLOB_CSH> +C<GLOB_BRACE>, C<GLOB_NOMAGIC>, C<GLOB_QUOTE>, C<GLOB_TILDE>, C<GLOB_CSH>, +C<GLOB_ALPHASORT> =item DIAGNOSTICS @@ -7109,7 +9512,7 @@ C<GLOB_NOSPACE>, C<GLOB_ABEND> =head2 File::Path - create or remove directory trees -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7121,7 +9524,7 @@ C<GLOB_NOSPACE>, C<GLOB_ABEND> =head2 File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7133,15 +9536,49 @@ C<GLOB_NOSPACE>, C<GLOB_ABEND> =back +=head2 File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +devnull + +=back + +tmpdir + +path + +canonpath + +splitpath + +splitdir + +catpath + +abs2rel + +rel2abs + +=over 4 + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + =head2 File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Exports @@ -7153,7 +9590,7 @@ C<GLOB_NOSPACE>, C<GLOB_ABEND> =head2 File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for MacOS -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7193,7 +9630,7 @@ abs2rel rel2abs -=over +=over 4 =item SEE ALSO @@ -7201,7 +9638,7 @@ rel2abs =head2 File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7211,7 +9648,7 @@ rel2abs =head2 File::Spec::Unix - methods used by File::Spec -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7257,7 +9694,7 @@ abs2rel rel2abs -=over +=over 4 =item SEE ALSO @@ -7265,7 +9702,7 @@ rel2abs =head2 File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7277,7 +9714,7 @@ eliminate_macros fixpath -=over +=over 4 =item Methods always loaded @@ -7315,7 +9752,7 @@ abs2rel (override) rel2abs (override) -=over +=over 4 =item SEE ALSO @@ -7323,7 +9760,7 @@ rel2abs (override) =head2 File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7345,19 +9782,105 @@ splitdir catpath -abs2rel +=over 4 -rel2abs +=item SEE ALSO -=over +=back + +=head2 File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely + +=over 4 + +=item PORTABILITY + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item FUNCTIONS + +B<tempfile> + +=back + +B<tempdir> + +=over 4 + +=item MKTEMP FUNCTIONS + +B<mkstemp> + +=back + +B<mkstemps> + +B<mkdtemp> + +B<mktemp> + +=over 4 + +=item POSIX FUNCTIONS + +B<tmpnam> + +=back + +B<tmpfile> + +=over 4 + +=item ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS + +B<tempnam> + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item UTILITY FUNCTIONS + +B<unlink0> + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item PACKAGE VARIABLES + +B<safe_level>, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH + +=back + +TopSystemUID + +=over 4 + +=item WARNING + +=over 4 + +=item Temporary files and NFS + +=back + +=item HISTORY =item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR + =back =head2 File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7371,7 +9894,7 @@ rel2abs =head2 FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7383,7 +9906,7 @@ rel2abs =head2 FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7397,7 +9920,7 @@ $fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines =head2 FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7415,7 +9938,7 @@ $fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines =head2 GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library. -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7431,7 +9954,7 @@ $fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines =head2 Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7441,7 +9964,7 @@ $fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines =item Getting Started with Getopt::Long -=over +=over 4 =item Simple options @@ -7469,7 +9992,9 @@ $fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines =item Advanced Possibilities -=over +=over 4 + +=item Object oriented interface =item Documentation and help texts @@ -7485,16 +10010,17 @@ $fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines =item Configuring Getopt::Long -default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, require_order, permute, bundling -(default: reset), bundling_override (default: reset), ignore_case -(default: set), ignore_case_always (default: reset), pass_through (default: -reset), prefix, prefix_pattern, debug (default: reset) +default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt, +require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override +(default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always +(default: disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix, +prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled) =item Return values and Errors =item Legacy -=over +=over 4 =item Default destinations @@ -7504,6 +10030,17 @@ reset), prefix, prefix_pattern, debug (default: reset) =back +=item Trouble Shooting + +=over 4 + +=item Warning: Ignoring '!' modifier for short option + +=item GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not +supplied + +=back + =item AUTHOR =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER @@ -7513,7 +10050,7 @@ reset), prefix, prefix_pattern, debug (default: reset) =head2 Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches with switch clustering -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7524,7 +10061,7 @@ clustering =head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current locale -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7534,7 +10071,7 @@ locale =head2 IO - load various IO modules -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7544,7 +10081,7 @@ locale =head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7563,7 +10100,7 @@ rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] =head2 IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7585,7 +10122,7 @@ open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ) =head2 IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7614,7 +10151,7 @@ $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint =head2 IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7638,7 +10175,7 @@ reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles () =head2 IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7659,13 +10196,15 @@ IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] ) =head2 IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item SEE ALSO +$io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->setpos ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET), +WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=1 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ), +$io->tell =item HISTORY @@ -7673,7 +10212,7 @@ IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] ) =head2 IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7699,7 +10238,7 @@ count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] ) =head2 IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7724,7 +10263,7 @@ sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), sockdomain, socktype, protocol, connected =head2 IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7734,7 +10273,7 @@ sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), sockdomain, socktype, protocol, connected new ( [ARGS] ) -=over +=over 4 =item METHODS @@ -7753,7 +10292,7 @@ sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost =head2 IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7778,7 +10317,7 @@ hostpath(), peerpath() =head2 IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7797,7 +10336,7 @@ rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] =head2 IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7820,7 +10359,7 @@ open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ) =head2 IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7849,7 +10388,7 @@ $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint =head2 IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7873,7 +10412,7 @@ reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles () =head2 IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7895,13 +10434,15 @@ IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] ) =head2 IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item SEE ALSO +$io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->setpos ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET), +WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=1 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ), +$io->tell =item HISTORY @@ -7910,7 +10451,7 @@ I/O objects =head2 IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7937,7 +10478,7 @@ count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] ) =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7963,7 +10504,7 @@ sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), sockdomain, socktype, protocol, connected =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7973,7 +10514,7 @@ AF_INET domain sockets new ( [ARGS] ) -=over +=over 4 =item METHODS @@ -7993,7 +10534,7 @@ sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8017,7 +10558,7 @@ hostpath(), peerpath() =head2 IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8039,7 +10580,7 @@ FLAGS ] ), stat =head2 IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8054,7 +10595,7 @@ FLAGS ] ), stat =head2 IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error handling -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8066,7 +10607,7 @@ handling =head2 IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8089,7 +10630,7 @@ set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N =head2 IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8107,7 +10648,7 @@ ftok( PATH, ID ) =head2 IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8130,7 +10671,7 @@ FLAGS ] ), stat =head2 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8153,7 +10694,7 @@ set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N =head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary length float math package -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8170,7 +10711,7 @@ performed =head2 Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer math package -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8188,9 +10729,42 @@ Canonical notation, Input, Output =back +=head2 Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical +functions + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item OPERATIONS + +=item CREATION + +=item STRINGIFICATION + +=over 4 + +=item CHANGED IN PERL 5.6 + +=back + +=item USAGE + +=item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO + +=item ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHORS + +=back + =head2 Math::Trig - trigonometric functions -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8200,7 +10774,7 @@ Canonical notation, Input, Output B<tan> -=over +=over 4 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO @@ -8212,7 +10786,7 @@ B<tan> =item RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS -=over +=over 4 =item COORDINATE SYSTEMS @@ -8235,23 +10809,33 @@ cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical =head2 NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION +C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR> + +=item DIAGNOSTICS + +=over 4 + +=item C<ndbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...> + +=back + +=item BUGS AND WARNINGS =back =head2 Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Functions @@ -8269,7 +10853,7 @@ $timeout]);, $p->close();, pingecho($host [, $timeout]); =head2 Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*() functions -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8286,7 +10870,7 @@ functions =head2 Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*() functions -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8303,7 +10887,7 @@ functions =head2 Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*() functions -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8318,7 +10902,7 @@ functions =head2 Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*() functions -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8334,7 +10918,7 @@ functions =head2 O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8350,17 +10934,27 @@ functions =head2 ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION +C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR> + +=item DIAGNOSTICS + +=over 4 + +=item C<odbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...> + +=back + +=item BUGS AND WARNINGS =back =head2 Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8388,7 +10982,7 @@ opdump (PAT) =back -=over +=over 4 =item Predefined Opcode Tags @@ -8406,7 +11000,7 @@ opdump (PAT) =head2 Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8416,7 +11010,7 @@ a new namespace, an operator mask =item WARNING -=over +=over 4 =item RECENT CHANGES @@ -8440,7 +11034,7 @@ Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes =head2 Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8452,7 +11046,7 @@ compiling =head2 POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1 -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8484,16 +11078,16 @@ rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid, setsid, setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp, sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat, strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen, -strncat, strncmp, strncpy, stroul, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, -strtod, strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm, sysconf, system, tan, tanh, -tcdrain, tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp, tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times, -tmpfile, tmpnam, tolower, toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask, uname, -ungetc, unlink, utime, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf, wait, waitpid, -wcstombs, wctomb, write +strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod, +strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm, sysconf, system, tan, tanh, tcdrain, +tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp, tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times, tmpfile, +tmpnam, tolower, toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask, uname, ungetc, +unlink, utime, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf, wait, waitpid, wcstombs, +wctomb, write =item CLASSES -=over +=over 4 =item POSIX::SigAction @@ -8577,19 +11171,17 @@ Constants Constants, Macros -=item CREATION - =back =head2 Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item OPTIONS/ARGUMENTS -=over +=over 4 =item podchecker() @@ -8601,7 +11193,7 @@ B<-warnings> =E<gt> I<val> =item DIAGNOSTICS -=over +=over 4 =item Errors @@ -8618,12 +11210,16 @@ after =back =item Warnings multiple occurence of link target I<name>, line containing nothing but -whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, No numeric -argument for =over, previous =item has no contents, preceding non-item -paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (I<one> vs. I<two>), I<N> unescaped -C<E<lt>E<gt>> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No items in =over, No argument -for =item, empty section in previous paragraph, Verbatim paragraph in NAME -section, Hyperlinks +whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, previous =item has +no contents, preceding non-item paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (I<one> +vs. I<two>), I<N> unescaped C<E<lt>E<gt>> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No +items in =over, No argument for =item, empty section in previous paragraph, +Verbatim paragraph in NAME section + +=item Hyperlinks + +ignoring leading/trailing whitespace in link, (section) in '$page' +deprecated, alternative text/node '%s' contains non-escaped | or / =back @@ -8635,6 +11231,8 @@ section, Hyperlinks =back +C<Pod::Checker-E<gt>new( %options )> + C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( @args )>, C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( {%opts}, @args )> @@ -8648,7 +11246,7 @@ C<$checker-E<gt>idx()> C<$checker-E<gt>hyperlink()> -=over +=over 4 =item AUTHOR @@ -8656,15 +11254,45 @@ C<$checker-E<gt>hyperlink()> =head2 Pod::Find - find POD documents in directory trees -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item OPTIONS +=back + +=over 4 + +=item C<pod_find( { %opts } , @directories )> + +C<-verbose =E<gt> 1>, C<-perl =E<gt> 1>, C<-script =E<gt> 1>, C<-inc =E<gt> +1> + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item C<simplify_name( $str )> + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item C<pod_where( { %opts }, $pod )> + +C<-inc =E<gt> 1>, C<-dirs =E<gt> [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ]>, C<-verbose =E<gt> +1> + +=back -B<-verbose>, B<-perl>, B<-script>, B<-inc> +=over 4 + +=item C<contains_pod( $file , $verbose )> + +=back + +=over 4 =item AUTHOR @@ -8674,7 +11302,7 @@ B<-verbose>, B<-perl>, B<-script>, B<-inc> =head2 Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8701,7 +11329,7 @@ verbose =head2 Pod::InputObjects - objects representing POD input paragraphs, commands, etc. -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8711,216 +11339,216 @@ commands, etc. =item DESCRIPTION -B<Pod::InputSource>, B<Pod::Paragraph>, B<Pod::InteriorSequence>, -B<Pod::ParseTree> +package B<Pod::InputSource>, package B<Pod::Paragraph>, package +B<Pod::InteriorSequence>, package B<Pod::ParseTree> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<Pod::InputSource> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<new()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<name()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<handle()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<was_cutting()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<Pod::Paragraph> =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B<new()> +=item Pod::Paragraph-E<gt>B<new()> =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B<cmd_name()> +=item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_name()> =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B<text()> +=item $pod_para-E<gt>B<text()> =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B<raw_text()> +=item $pod_para-E<gt>B<raw_text()> =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B<cmd_prefix()> +=item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_prefix()> =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B<cmd_separator()> +=item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_separator()> =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B<parse_tree()> +=item $pod_para-E<gt>B<parse_tree()> =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B<file_line()> +=item $pod_para-E<gt>B<file_line()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<Pod::InteriorSequence> =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B<new()> +=item Pod::InteriorSequence-E<gt>B<new()> =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B<cmd_name()> +=item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<cmd_name()> =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B<prepend()> +=item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<prepend()> =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B<append()> +=item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<append()> =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B<nested()> +=item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<nested()> =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B<raw_text()> +=item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<raw_text()> =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B<left_delimiter()> +=item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<left_delimiter()> =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B<right_delimiter()> +=item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<right_delimiter()> =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B<parse_tree()> +=item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<parse_tree()> =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B<file_line()> +=item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<file_line()> =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B<DESTROY()> +=item Pod::InteriorSequence::B<DESTROY()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<Pod::ParseTree> =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B<new()> +=item Pod::ParseTree-E<gt>B<new()> =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B<top()> +=item $ptree-E<gt>B<top()> =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B<children()> +=item $ptree-E<gt>B<children()> =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B<prepend()> +=item $ptree-E<gt>B<prepend()> =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B<append()> +=item $ptree-E<gt>B<append()> =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B<raw_text()> +=item $ptree-E<gt>B<raw_text()> =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B<DESTROY()> +=item Pod::ParseTree::B<DESTROY()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item SEE ALSO @@ -8928,21 +11556,141 @@ B<Pod::ParseTree> =back +=head2 Pod::LaTeX - Convert Pod data to formatted Latex + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item OBJECT METHODS + +C<initialize> + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item Data Accessors + +B<AddPreamble> + +=back + +B<AddPostamble> + +B<Head1Level> + +B<Label> + +B<LevelNoNum> + +B<MakeIndex> + +B<ReplaceNAMEwithSection> + +B<StartWithNewPage> + +B<TableOfContents> + +B<UniqueLabels> + +B<UserPreamble> + +B<UserPostamble> + +B<Lists> + +=over 4 + +=item Subclassed methods + +=back + +B<begin_pod> + +B<end_pod> + +B<command> + +B<verbatim> + +B<textblock> + +B<interior_sequence> + +=over 4 + +=item List Methods + +B<begin_list> + +=back + +B<end_list> + +B<add_item> + +=over 4 + +=item Methods for headings + +B<head> + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item Internal methods + +B<_output> + +=back + +B<_replace_special_chars> + +B<_create_label> + +B<_create_index> + +B<_clean_latex_commands> + +=over 4 + +=item NOTES + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHORS + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=item REVISION + +=back + =head2 Pod::Man - Convert POD data to formatted *roff input -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -center, date, fixed, fixedbold, fixeditalic, fixedbolditalic, release, -section +center, date, fixed, fixedbold, fixeditalic, fixedbolditalic, quotes, +release, section =item DIAGNOSTICS -roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not `%s', Invalid link %s, Unknown escape -EE<lt>%sE<gt>, Unknown sequence %s, Unmatched =back +roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not "%s", Invalid link %s, Invalid quote +specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph "%s", Unknown escape +EE<lt>%sE<gt>, Unknown sequence %s, %s: Unknown command paragraph "%s" on +line %d, Unmatched =back =item BUGS @@ -8954,7 +11702,7 @@ EE<lt>%sE<gt>, Unknown sequence %s, Unmatched =back =head2 Pod::ParseUtils - helpers for POD parsing and conversion -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8962,93 +11710,93 @@ EE<lt>%sE<gt>, Unknown sequence %s, Unmatched =back =back -=over +=over 4 =item Pod::List -new() +Pod::List-E<gt>new() =back -file() +$list-E<gt>file() -start() +$list-E<gt>start() -indent() +$list-E<gt>indent() -type() +$list-E<gt>type() -rx() +$list-E<gt>rx() -item() +$list-E<gt>item() -parent() +$list-E<gt>parent() -tag() +$list-E<gt>tag() -=over +=over 4 =item Pod::Hyperlink -new() +Pod::Hyperlink-E<gt>new() =back -parse($string) +$link-E<gt>parse($string) -markup($string) +$link-E<gt>markup($string) -text() +$link-E<gt>text() -warning() +$link-E<gt>warning() -line(), file() +$link-E<gt>file(), $link-E<gt>line() -page() +$link-E<gt>page() -node() +$link-E<gt>node() -alttext() +$link-E<gt>alttext() -type() +$link-E<gt>type() -link() +$link-E<gt>link() -=over +=over 4 =item Pod::Cache -new() +Pod::Cache-E<gt>new() =back -item() +$cache-E<gt>item() -find_page($name) +$cache-E<gt>find_page($name) -=over +=over 4 =item Pod::Cache::Item -new() +Pod::Cache::Item-E<gt>new() =back -page() +$cacheitem-E<gt>page() -description() +$cacheitem-E<gt>description() -path() +$cacheitem-E<gt>path() -file() +$cacheitem-E<gt>file() -nodes() +$cacheitem-E<gt>nodes() -find_node($name) +$cacheitem-E<gt>find_node($name) -idx() +$cacheitem-E<gt>idx() -=over +=over 4 =item AUTHOR @@ -9058,7 +11806,7 @@ idx() =head2 Pod::Parser - base class for creating POD filters and translators -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -9077,13 +11825,13 @@ B<-warnings> (default: unset) =back -=over +=over 4 =item RECOMMENDED SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<command()> @@ -9091,7 +11839,7 @@ C<$cmd>, C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<verbatim()> @@ -9099,7 +11847,7 @@ C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<textblock()> @@ -9107,73 +11855,73 @@ C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<interior_sequence()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item OPTIONAL SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<new()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<initialize()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<begin_pod()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<begin_input()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<end_input()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<end_pod()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<preprocess_line()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<preprocess_paragraph()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item METHODS FOR PARSING AND PROCESSING =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<parse_text()> @@ -9183,109 +11931,109 @@ I<code-ref>|I<method-name> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<interpolate()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<parse_paragraph()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<parse_from_filehandle()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<parse_from_file()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item ACCESSOR METHODS =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<errorsub()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<cutting()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<parseopts()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<output_file()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<output_handle()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<input_file()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<input_handle()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<input_streams()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<top_stream()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<_push_input_stream()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<_pop_input_stream()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item TREE-BASED PARSING @@ -9297,13 +12045,13 @@ I<code-ref>|I<method-name> =head2 Pod::Plainer - Perl extension for converting Pod to old style Pod. -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item EXPORT @@ -9318,7 +12066,7 @@ I<code-ref>|I<method-name> =head2 Pod::Select, podselect() - extract selected sections of POD from input -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -9334,55 +12082,55 @@ input =back -=over +=over 4 =item OBJECT METHODS =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<curr_headings()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<select()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<add_selection()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<clear_selections()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<match_section()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<is_selected()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item EXPORTED FUNCTIONS =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<podselect()> @@ -9390,31 +12138,31 @@ B<-output>, B<-sections>, B<-ranges> =back -=over +=over 4 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<_compile_section_spec()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item $self->{_SECTION_HEADINGS} =back -=over +=over 4 =item $self->{_SELECTED_SECTIONS} =back -=over +=over 4 =item SEE ALSO @@ -9424,18 +12172,19 @@ B<-output>, B<-sections>, B<-ranges> =head2 Pod::Text - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -alt, indent, loose, sentence, width +alt, indent, loose, quotes, sentence, width =item DIAGNOSTICS -Bizarre space in item, Can't open %s for reading: %s, Unknown escape: %s, -Unknown sequence: %s, Unmatched =back +Bizarre space in item, Can't open %s for reading: %s, Invalid quote +specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph "%s", Unknown escape: +%s, Unknown sequence: %s, Unmatched =back =item RESTRICTIONS @@ -9449,7 +12198,24 @@ Unknown sequence: %s, Unmatched =back =head2 Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to formatted color ASCII text -=over +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Pod::Text::Overstrike - Convert POD data to formatted overstrike +text + +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -9466,7 +12232,7 @@ Unknown sequence: %s, Unmatched =back =head2 Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to ASCII text with format escapes -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -9481,7 +12247,7 @@ text with format escapes =head2 Pod::Usage, pod2usage() - print a usage message from embedded pod documentation -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -9494,7 +12260,7 @@ C<-pathlist> =item EXAMPLES -=over +=over 4 =item Recommended Use @@ -9510,17 +12276,29 @@ C<-pathlist> =head2 SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR> + +=item DIAGNOSTICS + +=over 4 + +=item C<sdbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...> + +=back + +=item BUGS AND WARNINGS + =back =head2 Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -9530,7 +12308,7 @@ a new namespace, an operator mask =item WARNING -=over +=over 4 =item RECENT CHANGES @@ -9553,7 +12331,7 @@ Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes =head2 Search::Dict, look - search for key in dictionary file -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -9563,7 +12341,7 @@ Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes =head2 SelectSaver - save and restore selected file handle -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -9573,13 +12351,13 @@ Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes =head2 SelfLoader - load functions only on demand -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item The __DATA__ token @@ -9601,12 +12379,18 @@ Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes =head2 Shell - run shell commands transparently within perl -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 + +=item OBJECT ORIENTED SYNTAX + +=back + =item AUTHOR =back @@ -9614,7 +12398,7 @@ Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes =head2 Socket, sockaddr_in, sockaddr_un, inet_aton, inet_ntoa - load the C socket.h defines and structure manipulators -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -9630,7 +12414,7 @@ pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN =head2 Symbol - manipulate Perl symbols and their names -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -9640,7 +12424,7 @@ pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN =head2 Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -9653,7 +12437,7 @@ pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN =head2 Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog - Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -9674,7 +12458,7 @@ closelog =head2 Syslog::Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog - Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -9694,7 +12478,7 @@ closelog =head2 Term::ANSIColor - Color screen output using ANSI escape sequences -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -9702,19 +12486,21 @@ closelog =item DIAGNOSTICS -Invalid attribute name %s, Identifier %s used only once: possible typo, No -comma allowed after filehandle, Bareword %s not allowed while "strict subs" -in use +Invalid attribute name %s, Name "%s" used only once: possible typo, No +comma allowed after filehandle, Bareword "%s" not allowed while "strict +subs" in use =item RESTRICTIONS +=item NOTES + =item AUTHORS =back =head2 Term::Cap - Perl termcap interface -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -9726,7 +12512,7 @@ in use =head2 Term::Complete - Perl word completion module -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -9745,7 +12531,7 @@ E<lt>tabE<gt>, ^D, ^U, E<lt>delE<gt>, E<lt>bsE<gt> =head2 Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various C<readline> packages. If no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions. -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -9768,7 +12554,7 @@ C<tkRunning>, C<ornaments>, C<newTTY> =head2 Test - provides a simple framework for writing test scripts -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -9790,13 +12576,13 @@ NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS =head2 Test::Harness - run perl standard test scripts with statistics -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item The test script output @@ -9823,7 +12609,7 @@ C<All tests successful.\nFiles=%d, Tests=%d, %s>, C<FAILED tests =head2 Text::Abbrev, abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -9836,7 +12622,7 @@ C<All tests successful.\nFiles=%d, Tests=%d, %s>, C<FAILED tests =head2 Text::ParseWords - parse text into an array of tokens or array of arrays -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -9844,12 +12630,6 @@ arrays =item EXAMPLES -0a simple word, 1multiple spaces are skipped because of our $delim, 2use of -quotes to include a space in a word, 3use of a backslash to include a space -in a word, 4use of a backslash to remove the special meaning of a -double-quote, 5another simple word (note the lack of effect of the -backslashed double-quote) - =item AUTHORS =back @@ -9857,7 +12637,7 @@ backslashed double-quote) =head2 Text::Soundex - Implementation of the Soundex Algorithm as Described by Knuth -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -9874,7 +12654,7 @@ by Knuth =head2 Text::Tabs -- expand and unexpand tabs per the unix expand(1) and unexpand(1) -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -9888,7 +12668,7 @@ unexpand(1) =head2 Text::Wrap - line wrapping to form simple paragraphs -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -9903,7 +12683,9 @@ unexpand(1) =head2 Thread - manipulate threads in Perl (EXPERIMENTAL, subject to change) -=over +=over 4 + +=item CAVEAT =item SYNOPSIS @@ -9927,7 +12709,7 @@ join, eval, detach, equal, tid =head2 Thread::Queue - thread-safe queues -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -9943,7 +12725,7 @@ new, enqueue LIST, dequeue, dequeue_nb, pending =head2 Thread::Semaphore - thread-safe semaphores -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -9957,7 +12739,7 @@ new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER =head2 Thread::Signal - Start a thread which runs signal handlers reliably -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -9969,7 +12751,7 @@ new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER =head2 Thread::Specific - thread-specific keys -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -9979,11 +12761,11 @@ new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER =head2 Tie::Array - base class for tied arrays -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item DESCRIPTION TIEARRAY classname, LIST, STORE this, index, value, FETCH this, index, FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this, @@ -9992,14 +12774,14 @@ SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST =item CAVEATS -=item AUTHOR +=item AUTHOR =back =head2 Tie::Handle, Tie::StdHandle - base class definitions for tied handles -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -10012,11 +12794,13 @@ EOF this, TELL this, SEEK this, offset, whence, DESTROY this =item MORE INFORMATION +=item COMPATIBILITY + =back =head2 Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash - base class definitions for tied hashes -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -10033,7 +12817,7 @@ this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this =head2 Tie::RefHash - use references as hash keys -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -10052,7 +12836,7 @@ this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this =head2 Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdScalar - base class definitions for tied scalars -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -10066,7 +12850,7 @@ TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this =head2 Tie::SubstrHash - Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -10078,7 +12862,7 @@ TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this =head2 Time::Local - efficiently compute time from local and GMT time -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -10093,7 +12877,7 @@ TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this =head2 Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime() function -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -10108,7 +12892,7 @@ function =head2 Time::localtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in localtime() function -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -10122,7 +12906,7 @@ function =head2 Time::tm - internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -10134,7 +12918,7 @@ function =head2 UNIVERSAL - base class for ALL classes (blessed references) -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -10148,7 +12932,7 @@ VAL, TYPE ), UNIVERSAL::can ( VAL, METHOD ) =head2 User::grent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*() functions -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -10163,13 +12947,13 @@ functions =head2 User::pwent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*() functions -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item System Specifics @@ -10185,9 +12969,40 @@ March 18th, 2000 =back +=head2 Win32 - Interfaces to some Win32 API Functions + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Alphabetical Listing of Win32 Functions + +Win32::AbortSystemShutdown(MACHINE), Win32::BuildNumber(), +Win32::CopyFile(FROM, TO, OVERWRITE), Win32::DomainName(), +Win32::ExpandEnvironmentStrings(STRING), Win32::FormatMessage(ERRORCODE), +Win32::FsType(), Win32::FreeLibrary(HANDLE), Win32::GetArchName(), +Win32::GetChipName(), Win32::GetCwd(), Win32::GetFullPathName(FILENAME), +Win32::GetLastError(), Win32::GetLongPathName(PATHNAME), +Win32::GetNextAvailDrive(), Win32::GetOSVersion(), +Win32::GetShortPathName(PATHNAME), Win32::GetProcAddress(INSTANCE, +PROCNAME), Win32::GetTickCount(), Win32::InitiateSystemShutdown, +Win32::IsWinNT(), Win32::IsWin95(), Win32::LoadLibrary(LIBNAME), +Win32::LoginName(), Win32::LookupAccountName(SYSTEM, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SID, +SIDTYPE), Win32::LookupAccountSID(SYSTEM, SID, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SIDTYPE), +Win32::MsgBox(MESSAGE [, FLAGS [, TITLE]]), Win32::NodeName(), +Win32::RegisterServer(LIBRARYNAME), Win32::SetCwd(NEWDIRECTORY), +Win32::SetLastError(ERROR), Win32::Sleep(TIME), Win32::Spawn(COMMAND, ARGS, +PID), Win32::UnregisterServer(LIBRARYNAME) + +=back + +=back + =head2 XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -10202,7 +13017,7 @@ March 18th, 2000 Here should be listed all the extra programs' documentation, but they don't all have manual pages yet: -=over +=over 4 =item a2p |
