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author | rgrimes <rgrimes@FreeBSD.org> | 1994-05-30 19:09:18 +0000 |
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committer | rgrimes <rgrimes@FreeBSD.org> | 1994-05-30 19:09:18 +0000 |
commit | b0d61785cae024b1f44119446a940ee14c9ac959 (patch) | |
tree | 5a495a583b002ae9e57f09848ae697160708c220 /share/man/man5/passwd.5 | |
parent | d43599f73ba5858e573c7ad8b284f6a0808c5c93 (diff) | |
download | FreeBSD-src-b0d61785cae024b1f44119446a940ee14c9ac959.zip FreeBSD-src-b0d61785cae024b1f44119446a940ee14c9ac959.tar.gz |
BSD 4.4 Lite Share Sources
Diffstat (limited to 'share/man/man5/passwd.5')
-rw-r--r-- | share/man/man5/passwd.5 | 186 |
1 files changed, 186 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/share/man/man5/passwd.5 b/share/man/man5/passwd.5 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..584bc27 --- /dev/null +++ b/share/man/man5/passwd.5 @@ -0,0 +1,186 @@ +.\" Copyright (c) 1988, 1991, 1993 +.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. +.\" +.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without +.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions +.\" are met: +.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright +.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. +.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright +.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the +.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. +.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software +.\" must display the following acknowledgement: +.\" This product includes software developed by the University of +.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. +.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors +.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software +.\" without specific prior written permission. +.\" +.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND +.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE +.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE +.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE +.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL +.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS +.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) +.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT +.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY +.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF +.\" SUCH DAMAGE. +.\" +.\" @(#)passwd.5 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93 +.\" +.Dd June 5, 1993 +.Dt PASSWD 5 +.Os +.Sh NAME +.Nm passwd +.Nd format of the password file +.Sh DESCRIPTION +The +.Nm passwd +files are files consisting of newline separated records, one per user, +containing ten colon (``:'') separated fields. These fields are as +follows: +.Pp +.Bl -tag -width password -offset indent +.It name +User's login name. +.It password +User's +.Em encrypted +password. +.It uid +User's id. +.It gid +User's login group id. +.It class +User's general classification (unused). +.It change +Password change time. +.It expire +Account expiration time. +.It gecos +General information about the user. +.It home_dir +User's home directory. +.It shell +User's login shell. +.El +.Pp +The +.Ar name +field is the login used to access the computer account, and the +.Ar uid +field is the number associated with it. They should both be unique +across the system (and often across a group of systems) since they +control file access. +.Pp +While it is possible to have multiple entries with identical login names +and/or identical user id's, it is usually a mistake to do so. Routines +that manipulate these files will often return only one of the multiple +entries, and that one by random selection. +.Pp +The login name must never begin with a hyphen (``-''); also, it is strongly +suggested that neither upper-case characters or dots (``.'') be part +of the name, as this tends to confuse mailers. No field may contain a +colon (``:'') as this has been used historically to separate the fields +in the user database. +.Pp +The password field is the +.Em encrypted +form of the password. +If the +.Ar password +field is empty, no password will be required to gain access to the +machine. This is almost invariably a mistake. +Because these files contain the encrypted user passwords, they should +not be readable by anyone without appropriate privileges. +.Pp +The group field is the group that the user will be placed in upon login. +Since this system supports multiple groups (see +.Xr groups 1 ) +this field currently has little special meaning. +.Pp +The +.Ar class +field is currently unused. In the near future it will be a key to +a +.Xr termcap 5 +style database of user attributes. +.Pp +The +.Ar change +field is the number in seconds, +.Dv GMT , +from the epoch, until the +password for the account must be changed. +This field may be left empty to turn off the password aging feature. +.Pp +The +.Ar expire +field is the number in seconds, +.Dv GMT , +from the epoch, until the +account expires. +This field may be left empty to turn off the account aging feature. +.Pp +The +.Ar gecos +field normally contains comma (``,'') separated subfields as follows: +.Pp +.Bd -unfilled -offset indent +name user's full name +office user's office number +wphone user's work phone number +hphone user's home phone number +.Ed +.Pp +This information is used by the +.Xr finger 1 +program. +.Pp +The user's home directory is the full +.Tn UNIX +path name where the user +will be placed on login. +.Pp +The shell field is the command interpreter the user prefers. +If there is nothing in the +.Ar shell +field, the Bourne shell +.Pq Pa /bin/sh +is assumed. +.Sh SEE ALSO +.Xr chpass 1 , +.Xr login 1 , +.Xr passwd 1 , +.Xr getpwent 3 , +.Xr adduser 8 , +.Xr pwd_mkdb 8 , +.Xr vipw 8 +.Sh BUGS +User information should (and eventually will) be stored elsewhere. +.Sh COMPATIBILITY +The password file format has changed since 4.3BSD. +The following awk script can be used to convert your old-style password +file into a new style password file. +The additional fields +.Dq class , +.Dq change +and +.Dq expire +are added, but are turned off by default. +Class is currently not implemented, but change and expire are; to set them, +use the current day in seconds from the epoch + whatever number of seconds +of offset you want. +.Bd -literal -offset indent +BEGIN { FS = ":"} +{ print $1 ":" $2 ":" $3 ":" $4 "::0:0:" $5 ":" $6 ":" $7 } +.Ed +.Sh HISTORY +A +.Nm +file format appeared in +.At v6 . |