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* | rcutorture: Convert rcutorture_get_gp_data() to ->gp_seqPaul E. McKenney2018-07-121-3/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | SRCU has long used ->srcu_gp_seq, and now RCU uses ->gp_seq. This commit therefore moves the rcutorture_get_gp_data() function from a ->gpnum / ->completed pair to ->gp_seq. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
* | rcu: Make RCU CPU stall warnings use ->gp_seqPaul E. McKenney2018-07-121-25/+26
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This commit makes the RCU CPU stall-warning code in print_other_cpu_stall(), print_cpu_stall(), and check_cpu_stall() use ->gp_seq instead of ->gpnum and ->completed. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
* | rcu: Convert grace-period requests to ->gp_seqPaul E. McKenney2018-07-121-64/+20
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This commit converts the grace-period request code paths from ->completed and ->gpnum to ->gp_seq. The need_future_gp_element() macro encapsulates the shift operation required to use ->gp_seq as an index to the ->need_future_gp[] array. The rcu_cbs_completed() function is removed in favor of the rcu_seq_snap() function. The rcu_start_this_gp() gets some temporary consistency checks and uses rcu_seq_done(), rcu_seq_current(), rcu_seq_state(), and rcu_gp_in_progress() in place of the earlier open-coded comparisons of ->gpnum and ->completed. The rcu_future_gp_cleanup() function replaces use of ->completed with ->gp_seq. The rcu_accelerate_cbs() function replaces a call to rcu_cbs_completed() with one to rcu_seq_snap(). The rcu_advance_cbs() function replaces an access to >completed with one to ->gp_seq and adds some temporary warnings. The rcu_nocb_wait_gp() function replaces a call to rcu_cbs_completed() with one to rcu_seq_snap() and an open-coded comparison with rcu_seq_done(). The temporary warnings will be removed when the various ->gpnum and ->completed fields are removed. Their purpose is to locate code who might still be using ->gpnum and ->completed. (Much easier that way than trying to trace down the causes of too-short grace periods and grace-period hangs!) Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
* | rcu: Convert ->completedqs to ->gp_seqPaul E. McKenney2018-07-121-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | This commit switches the quiescent-state no-backtracking checks from ->gpnum and ->completed to ->gp_seq. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
* | rcu: Convert ->rcu_iw_gpnum to ->gp_seqPaul E. McKenney2018-07-121-6/+6
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This commit switches the interrupt-disabled detection mechanism to ->gp_seq. This mechanism is used as part of RCU CPU stall warnings, and detects cases where the stall is due to a CPU having interrupts disabled. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
* | rcu: Move rcu_gp_in_progress() to ->gp_seqPaul E. McKenney2018-07-121-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This commit makes rcu_gp_in_progress() use ->gp_seq instead of ->completed and ->gpnum. The READ_ONCE() invocations are buried in rcu_seq_current(). Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
* | rcu: Move rcu_implicit_dynticks_qs() to ->gp_seqPaul E. McKenney2018-07-121-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | This commit makes rcu_implicit_dynticks_qs() use ->gp_seq, with the exception of tracing, which will be converted later. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
* | rcu: Convert rcu_gpnum_ovf() to ->gp_seqPaul E. McKenney2018-07-121-2/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | This commit converts rcu_gpnum_ovf() to use ->gp_seq instead of ->gpnum. Same size unsigned long, so same approach. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
* | rcu: Move RCU's grace-period-change code to ->gp_seqPaul E. McKenney2018-07-121-23/+16
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This commit moves __note_gp_changes(), note_gp_changes(), and __rcu_pending() to ->gp_seq, creating new rcu_seq_completed_gp() and rcu_seq_new_gp() functions for this purpose. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> [ paulmck: Reinstate "cpuend: trace as suggested by Joel Fernandes. ]
* | rcu: Convert conditional grace-period primitives to ->gp_seqPaul E. McKenney2018-07-121-32/+10
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This commit converts get_state_synchronize_rcu(), cond_synchronize_rcu(), get_state_synchronize_sched(), and cond_synchronize_sched() from ->gpnum and ->completed to ->gp_seq. Note that this also introduces a full memory barrier in the already-done paths off cond_synchronize_rcu() and cond_synchronize_sched(), as work with LKMM indicates that the earlier smp_load_acquire() were insufficiently strong in some situations where these two functions were called just as the grace period ended. In such cases, these two functions would not gain the benefit of memory ordering at the end of the grace period. Please note that the performance impact is negligible, as you shouldn't be using either function anywhere near a fastpath in any case. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
* | rcu: Make quiescent-state reporting use ->gp_seqPaul E. McKenney2018-07-121-9/+9
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This commit switches the functions reporting quiescent states from use of ->gpnum to ->gp_seq. In either case, the point is to handle races where a given grace period ends before a quiescent state can be reported. Failing to catch these races would result in too-short grace periods, hence the checking. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
* | rcu: Convert rcu_check_gp_kthread_starvation() to GP sequence numberPaul E. McKenney2018-07-121-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This commit switches rcu_check_gp_kthread_starvation() from printing ->gpnum and ->completed to printing ->gp_seq upon detecting a starving RCU grace-period kthread during an RCU CPU stall warning. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
* | rcu: Make rcutorture's batches-completed API use ->gp_seqPaul E. McKenney2018-07-121-39/+12
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The rcutorture test invokes rcu_batches_started(), rcu_batches_completed(), rcu_batches_started_bh(), rcu_batches_completed_bh(), rcu_batches_started_sched(), and rcu_batches_completed_sched() to do grace-period consistency checks, and rcuperf uses the _completed variants for statistics. These functions use ->gpnum and ->completed. This commit therefore replaces them with rcu_get_gp_seq(), rcu_bh_get_gp_seq(), and rcu_sched_get_gp_seq(), adjusting rcutorture and rcuperf to make use of them. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
* | rcu: Move rcu_gp_slow() to ->gp_seqPaul E. McKenney2018-07-121-1/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This commit moves rcu_gp_slow() to ->gp_seq. This function only uses the grace-period number to modulate delay, so rcu_seq_ctr(rsp->gp_seq) gets the same effect, at least in cases where the delay is to happen more than four times per wrap of an unsigned long. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
* | rcu: Introduce grace-period sequence numbersPaul E. McKenney2018-07-121-1/+15
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This commit adds grace-period sequence numbers (->gp_seq) to the rcu_state, rcu_node, and rcu_data structures, and updates them. It also checks for consistency between rsp->gpnum and rsp->gp_seq. These ->gp_seq counters will eventually replace the existing ->gpnum and ->completed counters, allowing a single memory access to determine whether or not a grace period is in progress and if so, which one. This in turn will enable changes that will reduce ->lock contention on the leaf rcu_node structures. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
* | rcu: Make rcu_gp_cleanup() write only once to ->gp_flagsPaul E. McKenney2018-07-121-1/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | At the end of rcu_gp_cleanup(), if another grace period is needed, but not via rcu_accelerate_cbs(), the ->gp_flags field is written twice, once when making the new grace-period request, and once when clearing all other types of requests. This commit therefore adds an else-clause to avoid this double write. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
* | rcu: Diagnostics for grace-period startup hangsPaul E. McKenney2018-07-121-2/+64
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This commit causes a splat if RCU is idle and a request for a new grace period is ignored for more than one second. This splat normally indicates that some code path asked for a new grace period, but failed to wake up the RCU grace-period kthread. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> [ paulmck: Fix bug located by Dan Carpenter and his static checker. ] [ paulmck: Fix self-deadlock bug located 0day test robot. ] [ paulmck: Disable unless CONFIG_PROVE_RCU=y. ]
* | rcu: Exclude near-simultaneous RCU CPU stall warningsPaul E. McKenney2018-06-261-15/+11
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | There is a two-jiffy delay between the time that a CPU will self-report an RCU CPU stall warning and the time that some other CPU will report a warning on behalf of the first CPU. This has worked well in the past, but on busy systems, it is possible for the two warnings to overlap, which makes interpreting them extremely difficult. This commit therefore uses a cmpxchg-based timing decision that allows only one report in a given one-minute period (assuming default stall-warning Kconfig parameters). This approach will of course fail if you are seeing minute-long vCPU preemption, but in that case the overlapping RCU CPU stall warnings are the least of your worries. Reported-by: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
* | rcu: Add debugging info to assertionPaul E. McKenney2018-06-261-1/+4
|/ | | | | | | | The WARN_ON_ONCE(rcu_preempt_blocked_readers_cgp()) in rcu_gp_cleanup() triggers (inexplicably, of course) every so often. This commit therefore extracts more information. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
* rcu/x86: Provide early rcu_cpu_starting() callbackPeter Zijlstra2018-05-221-0/+9
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The x86/mtrr code does horrific things because hardware. It uses stop_machine_from_inactive_cpu(), which does a wakeup (of the stopper thread on another CPU), which uses RCU, all before the CPU is onlined. RCU complains about this, because wakeups use RCU and RCU does (rightfully) not consider offline CPUs for grace-periods. Fix this by initializing RCU way early in the MTRR case. Tested-by: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> [ paulmck: Add !SMP support, per 0day Test Robot report. ]
*---. Merge branches 'exp.2018.05.15a', 'fixes.2018.05.15a', 'lock.2018.05.15a' ↵Paul E. McKenney2018-05-151-229/+123
|\ \ \ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | and 'torture.2018.05.15a' into HEAD exp.2018.05.15a: Parallelize expedited grace-period initialization. fixes.2018.05.15a: Miscellaneous fixes. lock.2018.05.15a: Decrease lock contention on root rcu_node structure, which is a step towards merging RCU flavors. torture.2018.05.15a: Torture-test updates.
| | * | rcu: Drop early GP request check from rcu_gp_kthread()Paul E. McKenney2018-05-151-6/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Now that grace-period requests use funnel locking and now that they set ->gp_flags to RCU_GP_FLAG_INIT even when the RCU grace-period kthread has not yet started, rcu_gp_kthread() no longer needs to check need_any_future_gp() at startup time. This commit therefore removes this check. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Tested-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
| | * | rcu: Simplify and inline cpu_needs_another_gp()Paul E. McKenney2018-05-151-37/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Now that RCU no longer relies on failsafe checks, cpu_needs_another_gp() can be greatly simplified. This simplification eliminates the last call to rcu_future_needs_gp() and to rcu_segcblist_future_gp_needed(), both of which which can then be eliminated. And then, because cpu_needs_another_gp() is called only from __rcu_pending(), it can be inlined and eliminated. This commit carries out the simplification, inlining, and elimination called out above. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Tested-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
| | * | rcu: The rcu_gp_cleanup() function does not need cpu_needs_another_gp()Paul E. McKenney2018-05-151-4/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | All of the cpu_needs_another_gp() function's checks (except for newly arrived callbacks) have been subsumed into the rcu_gp_cleanup() function's scan of the rcu_node tree. This commit therefore drops the call to cpu_needs_another_gp(). The check for newly arrived callbacks is supplied by rcu_accelerate_cbs(). Any needed advancing (as in the earlier rcu_advance_cbs() call) will be supplied when the corresponding CPU becomes aware of the end of the now-completed grace period. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Tested-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
| | * | rcu: Make rcu_start_this_gp() check for out-of-range requestsPaul E. McKenney2018-05-151-0/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | If rcu_start_this_gp() is invoked with a requested grace period more than three in the future, then either the ->need_future_gp[] array needs to be bigger or the caller needs to be repaired. This commit therefore adds a WARN_ON_ONCE() checking for this condition. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Tested-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
| | * | rcu: Add funnel locking to rcu_start_this_gp()Paul E. McKenney2018-05-151-57/+35
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The rcu_start_this_gp() function had a simple form of funnel locking that used only the leaves and root of the rcu_node tree, which is fine for systems with only a few hundred CPUs, but sub-optimal for systems having thousands of CPUs. This commit therefore adds full-tree funnel locking. This variant of funnel locking is unusual in the following ways: 1. The leaf-level rcu_node structure's ->lock is held throughout. Other funnel-locking implementations drop the leaf-level lock before progressing to the next level of the tree. 2. Funnel locking can be started at the root, which is convenient for code that already holds the root rcu_node structure's ->lock. Other funnel-locking implementations start at the leaves. 3. If an rcu_node structure other than the initial one believes that a grace period is in progress, it is not necessary to go further up the tree. This is because grace-period cleanup scans the full tree, so that marking the need for a subsequent grace period anywhere in the tree suffices -- but only if a grace period is currently in progress. 4. It is possible that the RCU grace-period kthread has not yet started, and this case must be handled appropriately. However, the general approach of using a tree to control lock contention is still in place. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Tested-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
| | * | rcu: Make rcu_start_future_gp() caller select grace periodPaul E. McKenney2018-05-151-31/+22
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The rcu_accelerate_cbs() function selects a grace-period target, which it uses to have rcu_segcblist_accelerate() assign numbers to recently queued callbacks. Then it invokes rcu_start_future_gp(), which selects a grace-period target again, which is a bit pointless. This commit therefore changes rcu_start_future_gp() to take the grace-period target as a parameter, thus avoiding double selection. This commit also changes the name of rcu_start_future_gp() to rcu_start_this_gp() to reflect this change in functionality, and also makes a similar change to the name of trace_rcu_future_gp(). Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Tested-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
| | * | rcu: Inline rcu_start_gp_advanced() into rcu_start_future_gp()Paul E. McKenney2018-05-151-44/+12
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The rcu_start_gp_advanced() is invoked only from rcu_start_future_gp() and much of its code is redundant when invoked from that context. This commit therefore inlines rcu_start_gp_advanced() into rcu_start_future_gp(), then removes rcu_start_gp_advanced(). Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Tested-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
| | * | rcu: Clear request other than RCU_GP_FLAG_INIT at GP endPaul E. McKenney2018-05-151-0/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Once the grace period has ended, any RCU_GP_FLAG_FQS requests are irrelevant: The grace period has ended, so there is no longer any point in forcing quiescent states in order to try to make it end sooner. This commit therefore causes rcu_gp_cleanup() to clear any bits other than RCU_GP_FLAG_INIT from ->gp_flags at the end of the grace period. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Tested-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
| | * | rcu: Cleanup, don't put ->completed into an intPaul E. McKenney2018-05-151-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | It is true that currently only the low-order two bits are used, so there should be no problem given modern machines and compilers, but good hygiene and maintainability dictates use of an unsigned long instead of an int. This commit therefore makes this change. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Tested-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
| | * | rcu: Switch __rcu_process_callbacks() to rcu_accelerate_cbs()Paul E. McKenney2018-05-151-38/+15
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The __rcu_process_callbacks() function currently checks to see if the current CPU needs a grace period and also if there is any other reason to kick off a new grace period. This is one of the fail-safe checks that has been rendered unnecessary by the changes that increase the accuracy of rcu_gp_cleanup()'s estimate as to whether another grace period is required. Because this particular fail-safe involved acquiring the root rcu_node structure's ->lock, which has seen excessive contention in real life, this fail-safe needs to go. However, one check must remain, namely the check for newly arrived RCU callbacks that have not yet been associated with a grace period. One might hope that the checks in __note_gp_changes(), which is invoked indirectly from rcu_check_quiescent_state(), would suffice, but this function won't be invoked at all if RCU is idle. It is therefore necessary to replace the fail-safe checks with a simpler check for newly arrived callbacks during an RCU idle period, which is exactly what this commit does. This change removes the final call to rcu_start_gp(), so this function is removed as well. Note that lockless use of cpu_needs_another_gp() is racy, but that these races are harmless in this case. If RCU really is idle, the values will not change, so the return value from cpu_needs_another_gp() will be correct. If RCU is not idle, the resulting redundant call to rcu_accelerate_cbs() will be harmless, and might even have the benefit of reducing grace-period latency a bit. This commit also moves interrupt disabling into the "if" statement to improve real-time response a bit. Reported-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Tested-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
| | * | rcu: Avoid __call_rcu_core() root rcu_node ->lock acquisitionPaul E. McKenney2018-05-151-4/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | When __call_rcu_core() notices excessive numbers of callbacks pending on the current CPU, we know that at least one of them is not yet classified, namely the one that was just now queued. Therefore, it is not necessary to invoke rcu_start_gp() and thus not necessary to acquire the root rcu_node structure's ->lock. This commit therefore replaces the rcu_start_gp() with rcu_accelerate_cbs(), thus replacing an acquisition of the root rcu_node structure's ->lock with that of this CPU's leaf rcu_node structure. This decreases contention on the root rcu_node structure's ->lock. Reported-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Tested-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
| | * | rcu: Make rcu_migrate_callbacks wake GP kthread when neededPaul E. McKenney2018-05-151-2/+6
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The rcu_migrate_callbacks() function invokes rcu_advance_cbs() twice, ignoring the return value. This is OK at pressent because of failsafe code that does the wakeup when needed. However, this failsafe code acquires the root rcu_node structure's lock frequently, while rcu_migrate_callbacks() does so only once per CPU-offline operation. This commit therefore makes rcu_migrate_callbacks() wake up the RCU GP kthread when either call to rcu_advance_cbs() returns true, thus removing need for the failsafe code. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Tested-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
| | * | rcu: Convert ->need_future_gp[] array to booleanPaul E. McKenney2018-05-151-3/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | There is no longer any need for ->need_future_gp[] to count the number of requests for future grace periods, so this commit converts the additions to assignments to "true" and reduces the size of each element to one byte. While we are in the area, fix an obsolete comment. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Tested-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
| | * | rcu: Make rcu_future_needs_gp() check all ->need_future_gps[] elementsPaul E. McKenney2018-05-151-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Currently, the rcu_future_needs_gp() function checks only the current element of the ->need_future_gps[] array, which might miss elements that were offset from the expected element, for example, due to races with the start or the end of a grace period. This commit therefore makes rcu_future_needs_gp() use the need_any_future_gp() macro to check all of the elements of this array. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Tested-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
| | * | rcu: Make rcu_gp_cleanup() more accurately predict need for new GPPaul E. McKenney2018-05-151-6/+10
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Currently, rcu_gp_cleanup() scans the rcu_node tree in order to reset state to reflect the end of the grace period. It also checks to see whether a new grace period is needed, but in a number of cases, rather than directly cause the new grace period to be immediately started, it instead leaves the grace-period-needed state where various fail-safes can find it. This works fine, but results in higher contention on the root rcu_node structure's ->lock, which is undesirable, and contention on that lock has recently become noticeable. This commit therefore makes rcu_gp_cleanup() immediately start a new grace period if there is any need for one. It is quite possible that it will later be necessary to throttle the grace-period rate, but that can be dealt with when and if. Reported-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Tested-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
| | * | rcu: Make rcu_gp_kthread() check for early-boot activityPaul E. McKenney2018-05-151-0/+6
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The rcu_gp_kthread() function immediately sleeps waiting to be notified of the need for a new grace period, which currently works because there are a number of code sequences that will provide the needed wakeup later. However, some of these code sequences need to acquire the root rcu_node structure's ->lock, and contention on that lock has started manifesting. This commit therefore makes rcu_gp_kthread() check for early-boot activity when it starts up, omitting the initial sleep in that case. Reported-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Tested-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
| | * | rcu: Add accessor macros for the ->need_future_gp[] arrayPaul E. McKenney2018-05-151-9/+7
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Accessors for the ->need_future_gp[] array are currently open-coded, which makes them difficult to change. To improve maintainability, this commit adds need_future_gp_mask() to compute the indexing mask from the array size, need_future_gp_element() to access the element corresponding to the specified grace-period number, and need_any_future_gp() to determine if any future grace period is needed. This commit also applies need_future_gp_element() to existing open-coded single-element accesses. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Tested-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
| | * | rcu: Make rcu_start_future_gp()'s grace-period check more precisePaul E. McKenney2018-05-151-13/+5
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The rcu_start_future_gp() function uses a sloppy check for a grace period being in progress, which works today because there are a number of code sequences that resolve the resulting races. However, some of these race-resolution code sequences must acquire the root rcu_node structure's ->lock, and contention on that lock has started manifesting. This commit therefore makes rcu_start_future_gp() check more precise, eliminating the sloppy lockless check of the rcu_state structure's ->gpnum and ->completed fields. The effect is that rcu_start_future_gp() will sometimes unnecessarily attempt to start a new grace period, but this overhead will be reduced later using funnel locking. Reported-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Tested-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
| | * | rcu: Improve non-root rcu_cbs_completed() accuracyPaul E. McKenney2018-05-151-0/+15
| | |/ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | When rcu_cbs_completed() is invoked on a non-root rcu_node structure, it unconditionally assumes that two grace periods must complete before the callbacks at hand can be invoked. This is overly conservative because if that non-root rcu_node structure believes that no grace period is in progress, and if the corresponding rcu_state structure's ->gpnum field has not yet been incremented, then these callbacks may safely be invoked after only one grace period has completed. This change is required to permit grace-period start requests to use funnel locking, which is in turn permitted to reduce root rcu_node ->lock contention, which has been observed by Nick Piggin. Furthermore, such contention will likely be increased by the merging of RCU-bh, RCU-preempt, and RCU-sched, so it makes sense to take steps to decrease it. This commit therefore improves the accuracy of rcu_cbs_completed() when invoked on a non-root rcu_node structure as described above. Reported-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Tested-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
| * | rcu: Add leaf-node macrosPaul E. McKenney2018-05-151-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This commit adds rcu_first_leaf_node() that returns a pointer to the first leaf rcu_node structure in the specified RCU flavor and an rcu_is_leaf_node() that returns true iff the specified rcu_node structure is a leaf. This commit also uses these macros where appropriate. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Tested-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
| * | rcu: Rename cond_resched_rcu_qs() to cond_resched_tasks_rcu_qs()Paul E. McKenney2018-05-151-10/+10
| |/ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Commit e31d28b6ab8f ("trace: Eliminate cond_resched_rcu_qs() in favor of cond_resched()") substituted cond_resched() for the earlier call to cond_resched_rcu_qs(). However, the new-age cond_resched() does not do anything to help RCU-tasks grace periods because (1) RCU-tasks is only enabled when CONFIG_PREEMPT=y and (2) cond_resched() is a complete no-op when preemption is enabled. This situation results in hangs when running the trace benchmarks. A number of potential fixes were discussed on LKML (https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180224151240.0d63a059@vmware.local.home), including making cond_resched() not be a no-op; making cond_resched() not be a no-op, but only when running tracing benchmarks; reverting the aforementioned commit (which works because cond_resched_rcu_qs() does provide an RCU-tasks quiescent state; and adding a call to the scheduler/RCU rcu_note_voluntary_context_switch() function. All were deemed unsatisfactory, either due to added cond_resched() overhead or due to magic functions inviting cargo culting. This commit renames cond_resched_rcu_qs() to cond_resched_tasks_rcu_qs(), which provides a clear hint as to what this function is doing and why and where it should be used, and then replaces the call to cond_resched() with cond_resched_tasks_rcu_qs() in the trace benchmark's benchmark_event_kthread() function. Reported-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Tested-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
* | rcu: Parallelize expedited grace-period initializationPaul E. McKenney2018-05-151-0/+3
|/ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The latency of RCU expedited grace periods grows with increasing numbers of CPUs, eventually failing to be all that expedited. Much of the growth in latency is in the initialization phase, so this commit uses workqueues to carry out this initialization concurrently on a rcu_node-by-rcu_node basis. This change makes use of a new rcu_par_gp_wq because flushing a work item from another work item running from the same workqueue can result in deadlock. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Tested-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
* rcu: Create RCU-specific workqueues with rescuersPaul E. McKenney2018-02-231-0/+6
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | RCU's expedited grace periods can participate in out-of-memory deadlocks due to all available system_wq kthreads being blocked and there not being memory available to create more. This commit prevents such deadlocks by allocating an RCU-specific workqueue_struct at early boot time, and providing it with a rescuer to ensure forward progress. This uses the shiny new init_rescuer() function provided by Tejun (but indirectly). This commit also causes SRCU to use this new RCU-specific workqueue_struct. Note that SRCU's use of workqueues never blocks them waiting for readers, so this should be safe from a forward-progress viewpoint. Note that this moves SRCU from system_power_efficient_wq to a normal workqueue. In the unlikely event that this results in measurable degradation, a separate power-efficient workqueue will be creates for SRCU. Reported-by: Prateek Sood <prsood@codeaurora.org> Reported-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
* rcu: Use wrapper for lockdep assertsMatthew Wilcox2018-02-201-12/+12
| | | | | | | | | | Commits c0b334c5bfa9 and ea9b0c8a26a2 introduced new sparse warnings by accessing rcu_node->lock directly and ignoring the __private marker. Introduce a new wrapper and use it. Also fix a similar problem in srcutree.c introduced by a3883df3935e. Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
* rcu: More clearly identify grace-period kthread stack dumpPaul E. McKenney2018-02-201-0/+1
| | | | | | | | | It is not always obvious that the stack dump from a starved grace-period kthread isn't instead that of a CPU stalling the current grace period. This commit therefore adds a pr_err() flagging these dumps. Reported-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
* rcu: Remove obsolete force-quiescent-state statistics for debugfsPaul E. McKenney2018-02-201-4/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | The debugfs interface displayed statistics on RCU-pending checks but this interface has since been removed. This commit therefore removes the no-longer-used rcu_state structure's ->n_force_qs_lh and ->n_force_qs_ngp fields along with their updates. (Though the ->n_force_qs_ngp field was actually not used at all, embarrassingly enough.) If this information proves necessary in the future, the corresponding event traces will be added. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
* rcu: Remove obsolete __rcu_pending() statistics for debugfsPaul E. McKenney2018-02-201-25/+6
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The debugfs interface displayed statistics on RCU-pending checks but this interface has since been removed. This commit therefore removes the no-longer-used rcu_data structure's ->n_rcu_pending, ->n_rp_core_needs_qs, ->n_rp_report_qs, ->n_rp_cb_ready, ->n_rp_cpu_needs_gp, ->n_rp_gp_completed, ->n_rp_gp_started, ->n_rp_nocb_defer_wakeup, and ->n_rp_need_nothing fields along with their updates. If this information proves necessary in the future, the corresponding event traces will be added. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
* rcu: Remove obsolete callback-invocation statistics for debugfsPaul E. McKenney2018-02-201-1/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | The debugfs interface displayed statistics on RCU callback invocation but this interface has since been removed. This commit therefore removes the no-longer-used rcu_data structure's ->n_cbs_invoked and ->n_nocbs_invoked fields along with their updates. If this information proves necessary in the future, the corresponding event traces will be added. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
* rcu: Remove unnecessary spinlock in rcu_boot_init_percpu_data()Lihao Liang2018-02-151-4/+0
| | | | | | | | Since rcu_boot_init_percpu_data() is only called at boot time, there is no data race and spinlock is not needed. Signed-off-by: Lihao Liang <lianglihao@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
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