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* mm: Extend gfp masking to the page allocatorBenjamin Herrenschmidt2009-06-181-1/+8
| | | | | | | | | | The page allocator also needs the masking of gfp flags during boot, so this moves it out of slab/slub and uses it with the page allocator as well. Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Acked-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* Merge branch 'akpm'Linus Torvalds2009-06-161-31/+119
|\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | * akpm: (182 commits) fbdev: bf54x-lq043fb: use kzalloc over kmalloc/memset fbdev: *bfin*: fix __dev{init,exit} markings fbdev: *bfin*: drop unnecessary calls to memset fbdev: bfin-t350mcqb-fb: drop unused local variables fbdev: blackfin has __raw I/O accessors, so use them in fb.h fbdev: s1d13xxxfb: add accelerated bitblt functions tcx: use standard fields for framebuffer physical address and length fbdev: add support for handoff from firmware to hw framebuffers intelfb: fix a bug when changing video timing fbdev: use framebuffer_release() for freeing fb_info structures radeon: P2G2CLK_ALWAYS_ONb tested twice, should 2nd be P2G2CLK_DAC_ALWAYS_ONb? s3c-fb: CPUFREQ frequency scaling support s3c-fb: fix resource releasing on error during probing carminefb: fix possible access beyond end of carmine_modedb[] acornfb: remove fb_mmap function mb862xxfb: use CONFIG_OF instead of CONFIG_PPC_OF mb862xxfb: restrict compliation of platform driver to PPC Samsung SoC Framebuffer driver: add Alpha Channel support atmel-lcdc: fix pixclock upper bound detection offb: use framebuffer_alloc() to allocate fb_info struct ... Manually fix up conflicts due to kmemcheck in mm/slab.c
| * page-allocator: use integer fields lookup for gfp_zone and check for errors ↵Christoph Lameter2009-06-161-15/+96
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | in flags passed to the page allocator This simplifies the code in gfp_zone() and also keeps the ability of the compiler to use constant folding to get rid of gfp_zone processing. The lookup of the zone is done using a bitfield stored in an integer. So the code in gfp_zone is a simple extraction of bits from a constant bitfield. The compiler is generating a load of a constant into a register and then performs a shift and mask operation to get the zone from a gfp_t. No cachelines are touched and no branches have to be predicted by the compiler. We are doing some macro tricks here to convince the compiler to always do the constant folding if possible. Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org> Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Reviewed-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
| * mm, PM/Freezer: Disable OOM killer when tasks are frozenRafael J. Wysocki2009-06-161-0/+12
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Currently, the following scenario appears to be possible in theory: * Tasks are frozen for hibernation or suspend. * Free pages are almost exhausted. * Certain piece of code in the suspend code path attempts to allocate some memory using GFP_KERNEL and allocation order less than or equal to PAGE_ALLOC_COSTLY_ORDER. * __alloc_pages_internal() cannot find a free page so it invokes the OOM killer. * The OOM killer attempts to kill a task, but the task is frozen, so it doesn't die immediately. * __alloc_pages_internal() jumps to 'restart', unsuccessfully tries to find a free page and invokes the OOM killer. * No progress can be made. Although it is now hard to trigger during hibernation due to the memory shrinking carried out by the hibernation code, it is theoretically possible to trigger during suspend after the memory shrinking has been removed from that code path. Moreover, since memory allocations are going to be used for the hibernation memory shrinking, it will be even more likely to happen during hibernation. To prevent it from happening, introduce the oom_killer_disabled switch that will cause __alloc_pages_internal() to fail in the situations in which the OOM killer would have been called and make the freezer set this switch after tasks have been successfully frozen. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: be nicer to the namespace] Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl> Cc: Fengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@gmail.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Acked-by: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
| * page allocator: do not check NUMA node ID when the caller knows the node is ↵Mel Gorman2009-06-161-0/+9
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | valid Callers of alloc_pages_node() can optionally specify -1 as a node to mean "allocate from the current node". However, a number of the callers in fast paths know for a fact their node is valid. To avoid a comparison and branch, this patch adds alloc_pages_exact_node() that only checks the nid with VM_BUG_ON(). Callers that know their node is valid are then converted. Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Reviewed-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Reviewed-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi> Acked-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org> [for the SLOB NUMA bits] Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
| * page allocator: do not sanity check order in the fast pathMel Gorman2009-06-161-6/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | No user of the allocator API should be passing in an order >= MAX_ORDER but we check for it on each and every allocation. Delete this check and make it a VM_BUG_ON check further down the call path. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: s/VM_BUG_ON/WARN_ON_ONCE/] Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Reviewed-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Reviewed-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
| * page allocator: replace __alloc_pages_internal() with __alloc_pages_nodemask()Mel Gorman2009-06-161-10/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The start of a large patch series to clean up and optimise the page allocator. The performance improvements are in a wide range depending on the exact machine but the results I've seen so fair are approximately; kernbench: 0 to 0.12% (elapsed time) 0.49% to 3.20% (sys time) aim9: -4% to 30% (for page_test and brk_test) tbench: -1% to 4% hackbench: -2.5% to 3.45% (mostly within the noise though) netperf-udp -1.34% to 4.06% (varies between machines a bit) netperf-tcp -0.44% to 5.22% (varies between machines a bit) I haven't sysbench figures at hand, but previously they were within the -0.5% to 2% range. On netperf, the client and server were bound to opposite number CPUs to maximise the problems with cache line bouncing of the struct pages so I expect different people to report different results for netperf depending on their exact machine and how they ran the test (different machines, same cpus client/server, shared cache but two threads client/server, different socket client/server etc). I also measured the vmlinux sizes for a single x86-based config with CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO enabled but not CONFIG_DEBUG_VM. The core of the .config is based on the Debian Lenny kernel config so I expect it to be reasonably typical. This patch: __alloc_pages_internal is the core page allocator function but essentially it is an alias of __alloc_pages_nodemask. Naming a publicly available and exported function "internal" is also a big ugly. This patch renames __alloc_pages_internal() to __alloc_pages_nodemask() and deletes the old nodemask function. Warning - This patch renames an exported symbol. No kernel driver is affected by external drivers calling __alloc_pages_internal() should change the call to __alloc_pages_nodemask() without any alteration of parameters. Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Reviewed-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Reviewed-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | Merge commit 'linus/master' into HEADVegard Nossum2009-06-151-0/+3
|\ \ | |/ | | | | | | | | | | Conflicts: MAINTAINERS Signed-off-by: Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@gmail.com>
| * slab,slub: don't enable interrupts during early bootPekka Enberg2009-06-121-0/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | As explained by Benjamin Herrenschmidt: Oh and btw, your patch alone doesn't fix powerpc, because it's missing a whole bunch of GFP_KERNEL's in the arch code... You would have to grep the entire kernel for things that check slab_is_available() and even then you'll be missing some. For example, slab_is_available() didn't always exist, and so in the early days on powerpc, we used a mem_init_done global that is set form mem_init() (not perfect but works in practice). And we still have code using that to do the test. Therefore, mask out __GFP_WAIT, __GFP_IO, and __GFP_FS in the slab allocators in early boot code to avoid enabling interrupts. Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
* | kmemcheck: add hooks for the page allocatorVegard Nossum2009-06-151-0/+5
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This adds support for tracking the initializedness of memory that was allocated with the page allocator. Highmem requests are not tracked. Cc: Dave Hansen <dave@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Acked-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi> [build fix for !CONFIG_KMEMCHECK] Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> [rebased for mainline inclusion] Signed-off-by: Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@gmail.com>
* | kmemcheck: add mm functionsVegard Nossum2009-06-151-1/+8
|/ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | With kmemcheck enabled, the slab allocator needs to do this: 1. Tell kmemcheck to allocate the shadow memory which stores the status of each byte in the allocation proper, e.g. whether it is initialized or uninitialized. 2. Tell kmemcheck which parts of memory that should be marked uninitialized. There are actually a few more states, such as "not yet allocated" and "recently freed". If a slab cache is set up using the SLAB_NOTRACK flag, it will never return memory that can take page faults because of kmemcheck. If a slab cache is NOT set up using the SLAB_NOTRACK flag, callers can still request memory with the __GFP_NOTRACK flag. This does not prevent the page faults from occuring, however, but marks the object in question as being initialized so that no warnings will ever be produced for this object. In addition to (and in contrast to) __GFP_NOTRACK, the __GFP_NOTRACK_FALSE_POSITIVE flag indicates that the allocation should not be tracked _because_ it would produce a false positive. Their values are identical, but need not be so in the future (for example, we could now enable/disable false positives with a config option). Parts of this patch were contributed by Pekka Enberg but merged for atomicity. Signed-off-by: Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> [rebased for mainline inclusion] Signed-off-by: Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@gmail.com>
* numa, cpumask: move numa_node_id default implementation to topology.hRusty Russell2009-03-131-0/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Impact: cleanup, potential bugfix Not sure what changed to expose this, but clearly that numa_node_id() doesn't belong in mmzone.h (the inline in gfp.h is probably overkill, too). In file included from include/linux/topology.h:34, from arch/x86/mm/numa.c:2: /home/rusty/patches-cpumask/linux-2.6/arch/x86/include/asm/topology.h:64:1: warning: "numa_node_id" redefined In file included from include/linux/topology.h:32, from arch/x86/mm/numa.c:2: include/linux/mmzone.h:770:1: warning: this is the location of the previous definition Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> Cc: Mike Travis <travis@sgi.com> LKML-Reference: <200903132343.37661.rusty@rustcorp.com.au> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* mm: remove GFP_HIGHUSER_PAGECACHEHugh Dickins2009-01-061-6/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | GFP_HIGHUSER_PAGECACHE is just an alias for GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE, making that harder to track down: remove it, and its out-of-work brothers GFP_NOFS_PAGECACHE and GFP_USER_PAGECACHE. Since we're making that improvement to hotremove_migrate_alloc(), I think we can now also remove one of the "o"s from its comment. Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: add alloc_pages_exact() and free_pages_exact()Timur Tabi2008-07-241-0/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | alloc_pages_exact() is similar to alloc_pages(), except that it allocates the minimum number of pages to fulfill the request. This is useful if you want to allocate a very large buffer that is slightly larger than an even power-of-two number of pages. In that case, alloc_pages() will waste a lot of memory. I have a video driver that wants to allocate a 5MB buffer. alloc_pages() wiill waste 3MB of physically-contiguous memory. Signed-off-by: Timur Tabi <timur@freescale.com> Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org> Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* page allocator: inline some __alloc_pages() wrappersKOSAKI Motohiro2008-07-241-4/+17
| | | | | | | | | | | | Two zonelist patch series rewrote __page_alloc() largely. Now, it is just a wrapper function. Inlining them will save a function call. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: export __alloc_pages_internal] Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: fix misleading __GFP_REPEAT related commentsNishanth Aravamudan2008-04-291-3/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The definition and use of __GFP_REPEAT, __GFP_NOFAIL and __GFP_NORETRY in the core VM have somewhat differing comments as to their actual semantics. Annoyingly, the flags definition has inline and header comments, which might be interpreted as not being equivalent. Just add references to the header comments in the inline ones so they don't go out of sync in the future. In their use in __alloc_pages() clarify that the current implementation treats low-order allocations and __GFP_REPEAT allocations as distinct cases. To clarify, the flags' semantics are: __GFP_NORETRY means try no harder than one run through __alloc_pages __GFP_REPEAT means __GFP_NOFAIL __GFP_NOFAIL means repeat forever order <= PAGE_ALLOC_COSTLY_ORDER means __GFP_NOFAIL Signed-off-by: Nishanth Aravamudan <nacc@us.ibm.com> Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: fix broken gfp_zone with __GFP_THISNODEKAMEZAWA Hiroyuki2008-04-281-12/+5
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | This hack, "base = MAX_NR_ZONES", at __GFP_THISNODE was used for old zonliests. Now, new zonelist[] have a list for __GFP_THISNODE and this hack is incorrect. Should be removed. Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: filter based on a nodemask as well as a gfp_maskMel Gorman2008-04-281-0/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The MPOL_BIND policy creates a zonelist that is used for allocations controlled by that mempolicy. As the per-node zonelist is already being filtered based on a zone id, this patch adds a version of __alloc_pages() that takes a nodemask for further filtering. This eliminates the need for MPOL_BIND to create a custom zonelist. A positive benefit of this is that allocations using MPOL_BIND now use the local node's distance-ordered zonelist instead of a custom node-id-ordered zonelist. I.e., pages will be allocated from the closest allowed node with available memory. [Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com: Mempolicy: update stale documentation and comments] [Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com: Mempolicy: make dequeue_huge_page_vma() obey MPOL_BIND nodemask] [Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com: Mempolicy: make dequeue_huge_page_vma() obey MPOL_BIND nodemask rework] Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com> Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: use two zonelist that are filtered by GFP maskMel Gorman2008-04-281-2/+11
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Currently a node has two sets of zonelists, one for each zone type in the system and a second set for GFP_THISNODE allocations. Based on the zones allowed by a gfp mask, one of these zonelists is selected. All of these zonelists consume memory and occupy cache lines. This patch replaces the multiple zonelists per-node with two zonelists. The first contains all populated zones in the system, ordered by distance, for fallback allocations when the target/preferred node has no free pages. The second contains all populated zones in the node suitable for GFP_THISNODE allocations. An iterator macro is introduced called for_each_zone_zonelist() that interates through each zone allowed by the GFP flags in the selected zonelist. Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com> Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: introduce node_zonelist() for accessing the zonelist for a GFP maskMel Gorman2008-04-281-2/+6
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Introduce a node_zonelist() helper function. It is used to lookup the appropriate zonelist given a node and a GFP mask. The patch on its own is a cleanup but it helps clarify parts of the two-zonelist-per-node patchset. If necessary, it can be merged with the next patch in this set without problems. Reviewed-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Signed-off-by: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com> Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* Remove set_migrateflags()Christoph Lameter2008-04-281-6/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Migrate flags must be set on slab creation as agreed upon when the antifrag logic was reviewed. Otherwise some slabs of a slabcache will end up in the unmovable and others in the reclaimable section depending on which flag was active when a new slab page was allocated. This likely slid in somehow when antifrag was merged. Remove it. The buffer_heads are always allocated with __GFP_RECLAIMABLE because the SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT option is set. The set_migrateflags() never had any effect there. Radix tree allocations are not directly reclaimable but they are allocated with __GFP_RECLAIMABLE set on each allocation. We now set SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT on radix tree slab creation making sure that radix tree slabs are consistently placed in the reclaimable section. Radix tree slabs will also be accounted as such. There is then no user left of set_migratepages. So remove it. Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* include/linux: Remove all users of FASTCALL() macroHarvey Harrison2008-02-131-8/+7
| | | | | | | | | FASTCALL() is always expanded to empty, remove it. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes] Signed-off-by: Harvey Harrison <harvey.harrison@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* Page allocator: clean up pcp draining functionsChristoph Lameter2008-02-051-0/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Add comments explaing how drain_pages() works. - Eliminate useless functions - Rename drain_all_local_pages to drain_all_pages(). It does drain all pages not only those of the local processor. - Eliminate useless interrupt off / on sequences. drain_pages() disables interrupts on its own. The execution thread is pinned to processor by the caller. So there is no need to disable interrupts. - Put drain_all_pages() declaration in gfp.h and remove the declarations from suspend.h and from mm/memory_hotplug.c - Make software suspend call drain_all_pages(). The draining of processor local pages is may not the right approach if software suspend wants to support SMP. If they call drain_all_pages then we can make drain_pages() static. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix build] Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl> Cc: Daniel Walker <dwalker@mvista.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* Print out statistics in relation to fragmentation avoidance to ↵Mel Gorman2007-10-161-0/+12
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | /proc/pagetypeinfo This patch provides fragmentation avoidance statistics via /proc/pagetypeinfo. The information is collected only on request so there is no runtime overhead. The statistics are in three parts: The first part prints information on the size of blocks that pages are being grouped on and looks like Page block order: 10 Pages per block: 1024 The second part is a more detailed version of /proc/buddyinfo and looks like Free pages count per migrate type at order 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Node 0, zone DMA, type Unmovable 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Node 0, zone DMA, type Reclaimable 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Node 0, zone DMA, type Movable 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Node 0, zone DMA, type Reserve 0 4 4 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 Node 0, zone Normal, type Unmovable 111 8 4 4 2 3 1 0 0 0 0 Node 0, zone Normal, type Reclaimable 293 89 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Node 0, zone Normal, type Movable 1 6 13 9 7 6 3 0 0 0 0 Node 0, zone Normal, type Reserve 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 The third part looks like Number of blocks type Unmovable Reclaimable Movable Reserve Node 0, zone DMA 0 1 2 1 Node 0, zone Normal 3 17 94 4 To walk the zones within a node with interrupts disabled, walk_zones_in_node() is introduced and shared between /proc/buddyinfo, /proc/zoneinfo and /proc/pagetypeinfo to reduce code duplication. It seems specific to what vmstat.c requires but could be broken out as a general utility function in mmzone.c if there were other other potential users. Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Acked-by: Andy Whitcroft <apw@shadowen.org> Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* Group short-lived and reclaimable kernel allocationsMel Gorman2007-10-161-3/+12
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This patch marks a number of allocations that are either short-lived such as network buffers or are reclaimable such as inode allocations. When something like updatedb is called, long-lived and unmovable kernel allocations tend to be spread throughout the address space which increases fragmentation. This patch groups these allocations together as much as possible by adding a new MIGRATE_TYPE. The MIGRATE_RECLAIMABLE type is for allocations that can be reclaimed on demand, but not moved. i.e. they can be migrated by deleting them and re-reading the information from elsewhere. Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: Andy Whitcroft <apw@shadowen.org> Cc: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* Categorize GFP flagsChristoph Lameter2007-10-161-7/+13
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The function of GFP_LEVEL_MASK seems to be unclear. In order to clear up the mystery we get rid of it and replace GFP_LEVEL_MASK with 3 sets of GFP flags: GFP_RECLAIM_MASK Flags used to control page allocator reclaim behavior. GFP_CONSTRAINT_MASK Flags used to limit where allocations can occur. GFP_SLAB_BUG_MASK Flags that the slab allocator BUG()s on. These replace the uses of GFP_LEVEL mask in the slab allocators and in vmalloc.c. The use of the flags not included in these sets may occur as a result of a slab allocation standing in for a page allocation when constructing scatter gather lists. Extraneous flags are cleared and not passed through to the page allocator. __GFP_MOVABLE/RECLAIMABLE, __GFP_COLD and __GFP_COMP will now be ignored if passed to a slab allocator. Change the allocation of allocator meta data in SLAB and vmalloc to not pass through flags listed in GFP_CONSTRAINT_MASK. SLAB already removes the __GFP_THISNODE flag for such allocations. Generalize that to also cover vmalloc. The use of GFP_CONSTRAINT_MASK also includes __GFP_HARDWALL. The impact of allocator metadata placement on access latency to the cachelines of the object itself is minimal since metadata is only referenced on alloc and free. The attempt is still made to place the meta data optimally but we consistently allow fallback both in SLAB and vmalloc (SLUB does not need to allocate metadata like that). Allocator metadata may serve multiple in kernel users and thus should not be subject to the limitations arising from a single allocation context. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix fallback_alloc()] Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* Memoryless nodes: Fix GFP_THISNODE behaviorChristoph Lameter2007-10-161-5/+12
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | GFP_THISNODE checks that the zone selected is within the pgdat (node) of the first zone of a nodelist. That only works if the node has memory. A memoryless node will have its first node on another pgdat (node). GFP_THISNODE currently will return simply memory on the first pgdat. Thus it is returning memory on other nodes. GFP_THISNODE should fail if there is no local memory on a node. Add a new set of zonelists for each node that only contain the nodes that belong to the zones itself so that no fallback is possible. Then modify gfp_type to pickup the right zone based on the presence of __GFP_THISNODE. Drop the existing GFP_THISNODE checks from the page_allocators hot path. Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Acked-by: Nishanth Aravamudan <nacc@us.ibm.com> Tested-by: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com> Acked-by: Bob Picco <bob.picco@hp.com> Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@skynet.ie> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* Create the ZONE_MOVABLE zoneMel Gorman2007-07-171-0/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The following 8 patches against 2.6.20-mm2 create a zone called ZONE_MOVABLE that is only usable by allocations that specify both __GFP_HIGHMEM and __GFP_MOVABLE. This has the effect of keeping all non-movable pages within a single memory partition while allowing movable allocations to be satisfied from either partition. The patches may be applied with the list-based anti-fragmentation patches that groups pages together based on mobility. The size of the zone is determined by a kernelcore= parameter specified at boot-time. This specifies how much memory is usable by non-movable allocations and the remainder is used for ZONE_MOVABLE. Any range of pages within ZONE_MOVABLE can be released by migrating the pages or by reclaiming. When selecting a zone to take pages from for ZONE_MOVABLE, there are two things to consider. First, only memory from the highest populated zone is used for ZONE_MOVABLE. On the x86, this is probably going to be ZONE_HIGHMEM but it would be ZONE_DMA on ppc64 or possibly ZONE_DMA32 on x86_64. Second, the amount of memory usable by the kernel will be spread evenly throughout NUMA nodes where possible. If the nodes are not of equal size, the amount of memory usable by the kernel on some nodes may be greater than others. By default, the zone is not as useful for hugetlb allocations because they are pinned and non-migratable (currently at least). A sysctl is provided that allows huge pages to be allocated from that zone. This means that the huge page pool can be resized to the size of ZONE_MOVABLE during the lifetime of the system assuming that pages are not mlocked. Despite huge pages being non-movable, we do not introduce additional external fragmentation of note as huge pages are always the largest contiguous block we care about. Credit goes to Andy Whitcroft for catching a large variety of problems during review of the patches. This patch creates an additional zone, ZONE_MOVABLE. This zone is only usable by allocations which specify both __GFP_HIGHMEM and __GFP_MOVABLE. Hot-added memory continues to be placed in their existing destination as there is no mechanism to redirect them to a specific zone. [y-goto@jp.fujitsu.com: Fix section mismatch of memory hotplug related code] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: various fixes] Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: Andy Whitcroft <apw@shadowen.org> Signed-off-by: Yasunori Goto <y-goto@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: William Lee Irwin III <wli@holomorphy.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* Add __GFP_MOVABLE for callers to flag allocations from high memory that may ↵Mel Gorman2007-07-171-1/+15
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | be migrated It is often known at allocation time whether a page may be migrated or not. This patch adds a flag called __GFP_MOVABLE and a new mask called GFP_HIGH_MOVABLE. Allocations using the __GFP_MOVABLE can be either migrated using the page migration mechanism or reclaimed by syncing with backing storage and discarding. An API function very similar to alloc_zeroed_user_highpage() is added for __GFP_MOVABLE allocations called alloc_zeroed_user_highpage_movable(). The flags used by alloc_zeroed_user_highpage() are not changed because it would change the semantics of an existing API. After this patch is applied there are no in-kernel users of alloc_zeroed_user_highpage() so it probably should be marked deprecated if this patch is merged. Note that this patch includes a minor cleanup to the use of __GFP_ZERO in shmem.c to keep all flag modifications to inode->mapping in the shmem_dir_alloc() helper function. This clean-up suggestion is courtesy of Hugh Dickens. Additional credit goes to Christoph Lameter and Linus Torvalds for shaping the concept. Credit to Hugh Dickens for catching issues with shmem swap vector and ramfs allocations. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: build fix] [hugh@veritas.com: __GFP_ZERO cleanup] Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: Andy Whitcroft <apw@shadowen.org> Cc: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* Move remote node draining out of slab allocatorsChristoph Lameter2007-05-091-5/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Currently the slab allocators contain callbacks into the page allocator to perform the draining of pagesets on remote nodes. This requires SLUB to have a whole subsystem in order to be compatible with SLAB. Moving node draining out of the slab allocators avoids a section of code in SLUB. Move the node draining so that is is done when the vm statistics are updated. At that point we are already touching all the cachelines with the pagesets of a processor. Add a expire counter there. If we have to update per zone or global vm statistics then assume that the pageset will require subsequent draining. The expire counter will be decremented on each vm stats update pass until it reaches zero. Then we will drain one batch from the pageset. The draining will cause vm counter updates which will then cause another expiration until the pcp is empty. So we will drain a batch every 3 seconds. Note that remote node draining is a somewhat esoteric feature that is required on large NUMA systems because otherwise significant portions of system memory can become trapped in pcp queues. The number of pcp is determined by the number of processors and nodes in a system. A system with 4 processors and 2 nodes has 8 pcps which is okay. But a system with 1024 processors and 512 nodes has 512k pcps with a high potential for large amount of memory being caught in them. Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* Slab allocators: remove useless __GFP_NO_GROW flagChristoph Lameter2007-05-071-2/+1
| | | | | | | | There is no user remaining and I have never seen any use of that flag. Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* [PATCH] optional ZONE_DMA: optional ZONE_DMA in the VMChristoph Lameter2007-02-111-0/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Make ZONE_DMA optional in core code. - ifdef all code for ZONE_DMA and related definitions following the example for ZONE_DMA32 and ZONE_HIGHMEM. - Without ZONE_DMA, ZONE_HIGHMEM and ZONE_DMA32 we get to a ZONES_SHIFT of 0. - Modify the VM statistics to work correctly without a DMA zone. - Modify slab to not create DMA slabs if there is no ZONE_DMA. [akpm@osdl.org: cleanup] [jdike@addtoit.com: build fix] [apw@shadowen.org: Simplify calculation of the number of bits we need for ZONES_SHIFT] Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com> Cc: Kyle McMartin <kyle@mcmartin.ca> Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@debian.org> Cc: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@steeleye.com> Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org> Signed-off-by: Andy Whitcroft <apw@shadowen.org> Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* [PATCH] in non-NUMA case mark GFP_THISNODE gfp_tAl Viro2007-02-091-1/+1
| | | | | | | | ... operations with it are OK as is, but flags & ~0 will have no idea that this ~0 is meant to be ~gfp_t. Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* [PATCH] mm: add arch_alloc_pageNick Piggin2006-12-071-0/+3
| | | | | | | | Add an arch_alloc_page to match arch_free_page. Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* [PATCH] Disable GFP_THISNODE in the non-NUMA caseChristoph Lameter2006-09-271-0/+5
| | | | | | | | | GFP_THISNODE must be set to 0 in the non numa case otherwise we disable retry and warnings for failing allocations in the SMP and UP case. Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* [PATCH] Define easier to handle GFP_THISNODEChristoph Lameter2006-09-261-0/+2
| | | | | | | | | In many places we will need to use the same combination of flags. Specify a single GFP_THISNODE definition for ease of use in gfp.h. Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* [PATCH] Add __GFP_THISNODE to avoid fallback to other nodes and ignore ↵Christoph Lameter2006-09-261-1/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | cpuset/memory policy restrictions Add a new gfp flag __GFP_THISNODE to avoid fallback to other nodes. This flag is essential if a kernel component requires memory to be located on a certain node. It will be needed for alloc_pages_node() to force allocation on the indicated node and for alloc_pages() to force allocation on the current node. Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Cc: Andy Whitcroft <apw@shadowen.org> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* [PATCH] linearly index zone->node_zonelists[]Christoph Lameter2006-09-261-11/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | I wonder why we need this bitmask indexing into zone->node_zonelists[]? We always start with the highest zone and then include all lower zones if we build zonelists. Are there really cases where we need allocation from ZONE_DMA or ZONE_HIGHMEM but not ZONE_NORMAL? It seems that the current implementation of highest_zone() makes that already impossible. If we go linear on the index then gfp_zone() == highest_zone() and a lot of definitions fall by the wayside. We can now revert back to the use of gfp_zone() in mempolicy.c ;-) Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* [PATCH] mempolicies: fix policy_zone checkChristoph Lameter2006-09-261-0/+15
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | There is a check in zonelist_policy that compares pieces of the bitmap obtained from a gfp mask via GFP_ZONETYPES with a zone number in function zonelist_policy(). The bitmap is an ORed mask of __GFP_DMA, __GFP_DMA32 and __GFP_HIGHMEM. The policy_zone is a zone number with the possible values of ZONE_DMA, ZONE_DMA32, ZONE_HIGHMEM and ZONE_NORMAL. These are two different domains of values. For some reason seemed to work before the zone reduction patchset (It definitely works on SGI boxes since we just have one zone and the check cannot fail). With the zone reduction patchset this check definitely fails on systems with two zones if the system actually has memory in both zones. This is because ZONE_NORMAL is selected using no __GFP flag at all and thus gfp_zone(gfpmask) == 0. ZONE_DMA is selected when __GFP_DMA is set. __GFP_DMA is 0x01. So gfp_zone(gfpmask) == 1. policy_zone is set to ZONE_NORMAL (==1) if ZONE_NORMAL and ZONE_DMA are populated. For ZONE_NORMAL gfp_zone(<no _GFP_DMA>) yields 0 which is < policy_zone(ZONE_NORMAL) and so policy is not applied to regular memory allocations! Instead gfp_zone(__GFP_DMA) == 1 which results in policy being applied to DMA allocations! What we realy want in that place is to establish the highest allowable zone for a given gfp_mask. If the highest zone is higher or equal to the policy_zone then memory policies need to be applied. We have such a highest_zone() function in page_alloc.c. So move the highest_zone() function from mm/page_alloc.c into include/linux/gfp.h. On the way we simplify the function and use the new zone_type that was also introduced with the zone reduction patchset plus we also specify the right type for the gfp flags parameter. Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Lee Schermerhorn <Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* [PATCH] reduce MAX_NR_ZONES: make ZONE_HIGHMEM optionalChristoph Lameter2006-09-261-8/+10
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Make ZONE_HIGHMEM optional - ifdef out code and definitions related to CONFIG_HIGHMEM - __GFP_HIGHMEM falls back to normal allocations if there is no ZONE_HIGHMEM - GFP_ZONEMASK becomes 0x01 if there is no DMA32 and no HIGHMEM zone. [jdike@addtoit.com: build fix] Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com> Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@engr.sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* [PATCH] reduce MAX_NR_ZONES: make ZONE_DMA32 optionalChristoph Lameter2006-09-261-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Make ZONE_DMA32 optional - Add #ifdefs around ZONE_DMA32 specific code and definitions. - Add CONFIG_ZONE_DMA32 config option and use that for x86_64 that alone needs this zone. - Remove the use of CONFIG_DMA_IS_DMA32 and CONFIG_DMA_IS_NORMAL for ia64 and fix up the way per node ZVCs are calculated. - Fall back to prior GFP_ZONEMASK of 0x03 if there is no DMA32 zone. Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* Don't include linux/config.h from anywhere else in include/David Woodhouse2006-04-261-1/+0
| | | | Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
* [PATCH] Add GFP_NOWAITJeff Dike2006-04-111-0/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | Introduce GFP_NOWAIT, as an alias for GFP_ATOMIC & ~__GFP_HIGH. This also changes XFS, which is the only in-tree user of this idiom that I could find. The XFS piece is compile-tested only. Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com> Acked-by: Nathan Scott <nathans@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* [PATCH] slab: Node rotor for freeing alien caches and remote per cpu pages.Christoph Lameter2006-03-091-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The cache reaper currently tries to free all alien caches and all remote per cpu pages in each pass of cache_reap. For a machines with large number of nodes (such as Altix) this may lead to sporadic delays of around ~10ms. Interrupts are disabled while reclaiming creating unacceptable delays. This patch changes that behavior by adding a per cpu reap_node variable. Instead of attempting to free all caches, we free only one alien cache and the per cpu pages from one remote node. That reduces the time spend in cache_reap. However, doing so will lengthen the time it takes to completely drain all remote per cpu pagesets and all alien caches. The time needed will grow with the number of nodes in the system. All caches are drained when they overflow their respective capacity. So the drawback here is only that a bit of memory may be wasted for awhile longer. Details: 1. Rename drain_remote_pages to drain_node_pages to allow the specification of the node to drain of pcp pages. 2. Add additional functions init_reap_node, next_reap_node for NUMA that manage a per cpu reap_node counter. 3. Add a reap_alien function that reaps only from the current reap_node. For us this seems to be a critical issue. Holdoffs of an average of ~7ms cause some HPC benchmarks to slow down significantly. F.e. NAS parallel slows down dramatically. NAS parallel has a 12-16 seconds runtime w/o rotor compared to 5.8 secs with the rotor patches. It gets down to 5.05 secs with the additional interrupt holdoff reductions. Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* [PATCH] x86_64: Handle unknown node (-1) in alloc_pages_nodeAndi Kleen2006-01-111-0/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | Following kmalloc_node. Needed for another patch to return -1 for unknown nodes in x86-64. Cc: Christoph Lameter <clameter@engr.sgi.com> Cc: kiran@scalex86.org Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> [ Changed 0 to numa_node_id() on suggestion by Christoph Lameter ] Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* [PATCH] mm: gfp_atomic commentsPaul Jackson2006-01-111-0/+1
| | | | | | | | | Clarify in comments that GFP_ATOMIC means both "don't sleep" and "use emergency pools", hence both ALLOC_HARDER and ALLOC_HIGH. Signed-off-by: Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* Fix up GFP_ZONEMASK for GFP_DMA32 usageLinus Torvalds2005-11-221-2/+7
| | | | | | | | | | | | | There was some confusion about the different zone usage, this should fix up the resulting mess in the GFP zonemask handling. The different zone usage is still confusing (it's very easy to mix up the individual zone numbers with the GFP zone _list_ numbers), so we might want to clean up some of this in the future, but in the meantime this should fix the actual problems. Acked-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* Merge x86-64 update from AndiLinus Torvalds2005-11-141-0/+11
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| * [PATCH] x86_64: Add 4GB DMA32 zoneAndi Kleen2005-11-141-0/+11
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Add a new 4GB GFP_DMA32 zone between the GFP_DMA and GFP_NORMAL zones. As a bit of historical background: when the x86-64 port was originally designed we had some discussion if we should use a 16MB DMA zone like i386 or a 4GB DMA zone like IA64 or both. Both was ruled out at this point because it was in early 2.4 when VM is still quite shakey and had bad troubles even dealing with one DMA zone. We settled on the 16MB DMA zone mainly because we worried about older soundcards and the floppy. But this has always caused problems since then because device drivers had trouble getting enough DMA able memory. These days the VM works much better and the wide use of NUMA has proven it can deal with many zones successfully. So this patch adds both zones. This helps drivers who need a lot of memory below 4GB because their hardware is not accessing more (graphic drivers - proprietary and free ones, video frame buffer drivers, sound drivers etc.). Previously they could only use IOMMU+16MB GFP_DMA, which was not enough memory. Another common problem is that hardware who has full memory addressing for >4GB misses it for some control structures in memory (like transmit rings or other metadata). They tended to allocate memory in the 16MB GFP_DMA or the IOMMU/swiotlb then using pci_alloc_consistent, but that can tie up a lot of precious 16MB GFPDMA/IOMMU/swiotlb memory (even on AMD systems the IOMMU tends to be quite small) especially if you have many devices. With the new zone pci_alloc_consistent can just put this stuff into memory below 4GB which works better. One argument was still if the zone should be 4GB or 2GB. The main motivation for 2GB would be an unnamed not so unpopular hardware raid controller (mostly found in older machines from a particular four letter company) who has a strange 2GB restriction in firmware. But that one works ok with swiotlb/IOMMU anyways, so it doesn't really need GFP_DMA32. I chose 4GB to be compatible with IA64 and because it seems to be the most common restriction. The new zone is so far added only for x86-64. For other architectures who don't set up this new zone nothing changes. Architectures can set a compatibility define in Kconfig CONFIG_DMA_IS_DMA32 that will define GFP_DMA32 as GFP_DMA. Otherwise it's a nop because on 32bit architectures it's normally not needed because GFP_NORMAL (=0) is DMA able enough. One problem is still that GFP_DMA means different things on different architectures. e.g. some drivers used to have #ifdef ia64 use GFP_DMA (trusting it to be 4GB) #elif __x86_64__ (use other hacks like the swiotlb because 16MB is not enough) ... . This was quite ugly and is now obsolete. These should be now converted to use GFP_DMA32 unconditionally. I haven't done this yet. Or best only use pci_alloc_consistent/dma_alloc_coherent which will use GFP_DMA32 transparently. Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* | [PATCH] mm: gfp_noreclaim cleanupPaul Jackson2005-11-131-3/+2
|/ | | | | | | | | | Remove last remnant of the defunct early reclaim page logic, the no longer used __GFP_NORECLAIM flag bit. Signed-off-by: Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com> Acked-by: Martin Hicks <mort@bork.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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