summaryrefslogtreecommitdiffstats
path: root/drivers/net/hamradio/yam.c
Commit message (Collapse)AuthorAgeFilesLines
* treewide: replace dev->trans_start update with helperFlorian Westphal2016-05-041-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Replace all trans_start updates with netif_trans_update helper. change was done via spatch: struct net_device *d; @@ - d->trans_start = jiffies + netif_trans_update(d) Compile tested only. Cc: user-mode-linux-devel@lists.sourceforge.net Cc: linux-xtensa@linux-xtensa.org Cc: linux1394-devel@lists.sourceforge.net Cc: linux-rdma@vger.kernel.org Cc: netdev@vger.kernel.org Cc: MPT-FusionLinux.pdl@broadcom.com Cc: linux-scsi@vger.kernel.org Cc: linux-can@vger.kernel.org Cc: linux-parisc@vger.kernel.org Cc: linux-omap@vger.kernel.org Cc: linux-hams@vger.kernel.org Cc: linux-usb@vger.kernel.org Cc: linux-wireless@vger.kernel.org Cc: linux-s390@vger.kernel.org Cc: devel@driverdev.osuosl.org Cc: b.a.t.m.a.n@lists.open-mesh.org Cc: linux-bluetooth@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Florian Westphal <fw@strlen.de> Acked-by: Felipe Balbi <felipe.balbi@linux.intel.com> Acked-by: Mugunthan V N <mugunthanvnm@ti.com> Acked-by: Antonio Quartulli <a@unstable.cc> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* ax25: Stop using magic neighbour cache operations.Eric W. Biederman2015-03-031-2/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Before the ax25 stack calls dev_queue_xmit it always calls ax25_type_trans which sets skb->protocol to ETH_P_AX25. Which means that by looking at the protocol type it is possible to detect IP packets that have not been munged by the ax25 stack in ndo_start_xmit and call a function to munge them. Rename ax25_neigh_xmit to ax25_ip_xmit and tweak the return type and value to be appropriate for an ndo_start_xmit function. Update all of the ax25 devices to test the protocol type for ETH_P_IP and return ax25_ip_xmit as the first thing they do. This preserves the existing semantics of IP packet processing, but the timing will be a little different as the IP packets now pass through the qdisc layer before reaching the ax25 ip packet processing. Remove the now unnecessary ax25 neighbour table operations. Signed-off-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* ax25: Refactor to use private neighbour operations.Eric W. Biederman2015-03-021-0/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | AX25 already has it's own private arp cache operations to isolate it's abuse of dev_rebuild_header to transmit packets. Add a function ax25_neigh_construct that will allow all of the ax25 devices to force using these operations, so that the generic arp code does not need to. Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org> Cc: linux-hams@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* net: set name_assign_type in alloc_netdev()Tom Gundersen2014-07-151-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Extend alloc_netdev{,_mq{,s}}() to take name_assign_type as argument, and convert all users to pass NET_NAME_UNKNOWN. Coccinelle patch: @@ expression sizeof_priv, name, setup, txqs, rxqs, count; @@ ( -alloc_netdev_mqs(sizeof_priv, name, setup, txqs, rxqs) +alloc_netdev_mqs(sizeof_priv, name, NET_NAME_UNKNOWN, setup, txqs, rxqs) | -alloc_netdev_mq(sizeof_priv, name, setup, count) +alloc_netdev_mq(sizeof_priv, name, NET_NAME_UNKNOWN, setup, count) | -alloc_netdev(sizeof_priv, name, setup) +alloc_netdev(sizeof_priv, name, NET_NAME_UNKNOWN, setup) ) v9: move comments here from the wrong commit Signed-off-by: Tom Gundersen <teg@jklm.no> Reviewed-by: David Herrmann <dh.herrmann@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* yam: replace del_timer by del_timer_syncJulia Lawall2014-03-271-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Use del_timer_sync to ensure that the timer is stopped on all CPUs before the driver exists. This change was suggested by Thomas Gleixner The semantic patch that makes this change is as follows: (http://coccinelle.lip6.fr/) // <smpl> @r@ declarer name module_exit; identifier ex; @@ module_exit(ex); @@ identifier r.ex; @@ ex(...) { <... - del_timer + del_timer_sync (...) ...> } // </smpl> Signed-off-by: Julia Lawall <Julia.Lawall@lip6.fr> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* hamradio/yam: fix info leak in ioctlSalva Peiró2013-12-191-0/+1
| | | | | | | | | The yam_ioctl() code fails to initialise the cmd field of the struct yamdrv_ioctl_cfg. Add an explicit memset(0) before filling the structure to avoid the 4-byte info leak. Signed-off-by: Salva Peiró <speiro@ai2.upv.es> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* Merge git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/davem/netDavid S. Miller2013-10-231-1/+0
|\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Conflicts: drivers/net/usb/qmi_wwan.c include/net/dst.h Trivial merge conflicts, both were overlapping changes. Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
| * yam: remove a no-op in yam_ioctl()Dan Carpenter2013-10-171-1/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | We overwrite the ->bitrate with the user supplied information on the next line. Signed-off-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* | net: hamradio/yam: remove deprecated IRQF_DISABLEDMichael Opdenacker2013-10-071-1/+1
|/ | | | | | | | | This patch proposes to remove the use of the IRQF_DISABLED flag It's a NOOP since 2.6.35 and it will be removed one day. Signed-off-by: Michael Opdenacker <michael.opdenacker@free-electrons.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* drivers/net: rename random32() to prandom_u32()Akinobu Mita2013-05-071-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Use preferable function name which implies using a pseudo-random number generator. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: convert team_mode_random.c] Signed-off-by: Akinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com> Acked-by: Thomas Sailer <t.sailer@alumni.ethz.ch> Acked-by: Bing Zhao <bzhao@marvell.com> [mwifiex] Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Michael Chan <mchan@broadcom.com> Cc: Thomas Sailer <t.sailer@alumni.ethz.ch> Cc: Jean-Paul Roubelat <jpr@f6fbb.org> Cc: Bing Zhao <bzhao@marvell.com> Cc: Brett Rudley <brudley@broadcom.com> Cc: Arend van Spriel <arend@broadcom.com> Cc: "Franky (Zhenhui) Lin" <frankyl@broadcom.com> Cc: Hante Meuleman <meuleman@broadcom.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* yam: remove redundant null check on devColin Ian King2013-03-271-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | yam_open has a redundant null check on null, it will never be called with dev == NULL. Remove this redundant check. This also cleans up a smatch warning: drivers/net/hamradio/yam.c:869 yam_open() warn: variable dereferenced before check 'dev' (see line 867) Signed-off-by: Colin Ian King <colin.king@canonical.com> Reviewed-by: Ben Hutchings <bhutchings@solarflare.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* net: proc: change proc_net_remove to remove_proc_entryGao feng2013-02-181-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | proc_net_remove is only used to remove proc entries that under /proc/net,it's not a general function for removing proc entries of netns. if we want to remove some proc entries which under /proc/net/stat/, we still need to call remove_proc_entry. this patch use remove_proc_entry to replace proc_net_remove. we can remove proc_net_remove after this patch. Signed-off-by: Gao feng <gaofeng@cn.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* net: proc: change proc_net_fops_create to proc_createGao feng2013-02-181-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Right now, some modules such as bonding use proc_create to create proc entries under /proc/net/, and other modules such as ipv4 use proc_net_fops_create. It looks a little chaos.this patch changes all of proc_net_fops_create to proc_create. we can remove proc_net_fops_create after this patch. Signed-off-by: Gao feng <gaofeng@cn.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* sections: fix section conflicts in drivers/net/hamradioAndi Kleen2012-10-061-1/+1
| | | | | | | Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com> Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* Remove all #inclusions of asm/system.hDavid Howells2012-03-281-1/+0
| | | | | | | | | Remove all #inclusions of asm/system.h preparatory to splitting and killing it. Performed with the following command: perl -p -i -e 's!^#\s*include\s*<asm/system[.]h>.*\n!!' `grep -Irl '^#\s*include\s*<asm/system[.]h>' *` Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
* drivers/net: Remove unnecessary k.alloc/v.alloc OOM messagesJoe Perches2012-01-311-1/+0
| | | | | | | | | | alloc failures use dump_stack so emitting an additional out-of-memory message is an unnecessary duplication. Remove the allocation failure messages. Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* Fix common misspellingsLucas De Marchi2011-03-311-1/+1
| | | | | | Fixes generated by 'codespell' and manually reviewed. Signed-off-by: Lucas De Marchi <lucas.demarchi@profusion.mobi>
* hamradio: Resolve memory leak due to missing firmware release in add_mcs()Jesper Juhl2011-01-091-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | Failure to release_firmware() in drivers/net/hamradio/yam.c::add_mcs() causes memory leak. This patch should fix it. Signed-off-by: Jesper Juhl <jj@chaosbits.net> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* drivers/net/hamradio: Eliminate a NULL pointer dereferenceJulia Lawall2010-05-281-2/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | At the point of the print, dev is NULL. A simplified version of the semantic match that finds this problem is as follows: (http://coccinelle.lip6.fr/) // <smpl> @r exists@ expression E,E1; identifier f; statement S1,S2,S3; @@ if ((E == NULL && ...) || ...) { ... when != if (...) S1 else S2 when != E = E1 * E->f ... when any return ...; } else S3 // </smpl> Signed-off-by: Julia Lawall <julia@diku.dk> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* convert hamradio drivers to netdev_txreturnt_tStephen Hemminger2009-09-011-1/+2
| | | | | Signed-off-by: Stephen Hemminger <shemminger@vyatta.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* net: use NETDEV_TX_OK instead of 0 in ndo_start_xmit() functionsPatrick McHardy2009-07-051-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | This patch is the result of an automatic spatch transformation to convert all ndo_start_xmit() return values of 0 to NETDEV_TX_OK. Some occurences are missed by the automatic conversion, those will be handled in a seperate patch. Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* yam: use request_firmwareJaswinder Singh Rajput2009-03-301-6/+58
| | | | | | Added predef variable in add_mcs() to support predefined mcs data Signed-off-by: Jaswinder Singh Rajput <jaswinderrajput@gmail.com>
* drivers/net/hamradio: fix sparse warning: symbol shadows an earlier oneHannes Eder2009-02-171-3/+3
| | | | | | | | | | Impact: Rename inner scrope variable. Fix this sparse warning: drivers/net/hamradio/yam.c:856:35: warning: symbol 'dev' shadows an earlier one Signed-off-by: Hannes Eder <hannes@hanneseder.net> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* drivers/net/hamradio: fix warning: format not a string literal and no ...Hannes Eder2009-02-171-1/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Impact: Use 'static const char[]' instead of 'static char[]' and while being at it fix an issue in 'mkiss_init_driver', where in case of an error the status code was not passed to printk. Fix this warnings: drivers/net/hamradio/6pack.c: In function 'sixpack_init_driver': drivers/net/hamradio/6pack.c:802: warning: format not a string literal and no format arguments drivers/net/hamradio/bpqether.c: In function 'bpq_init_driver': drivers/net/hamradio/bpqether.c:609: warning: format not a string literal and no format arguments drivers/net/hamradio/mkiss.c: In function 'mkiss_init_driver': drivers/net/hamradio/mkiss.c:988: warning: format not a string literal and no format arguments drivers/net/hamradio/mkiss.c:991: warning: format not a string literal and no format arguments drivers/net/hamradio/scc.c: In function 'scc_init_driver': drivers/net/hamradio/scc.c:2109: warning: format not a string literal and no format arguments drivers/net/hamradio/yam.c: In function 'yam_init_driver': drivers/net/hamradio/yam.c:1094: warning: format not a string literal and no format arguments Signed-off-by: Hannes Eder <hannes@hanneseder.net> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* net: constify VFTsJan Engelhardt2009-01-211-1/+1
| | | | | Signed-off-by: Jan Engelhardt <jengelh@medozas.de> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* yam: convert to net_device_opsStephen Hemminger2009-01-211-8/+9
| | | | | Signed-off-by: Stephen Hemminger <shemminger@vyatta.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* yam: convert to internal net_device_statsStephen Hemminger2009-01-211-33/+9
| | | | | Signed-off-by: Stephen Hemminger <shemminger@vyatta.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* drivers/net: Kill now superfluous ->last_rx stores.David S. Miller2008-11-031-1/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | The generic packet receive code takes care of setting netdev->last_rx when necessary, for the sake of the bonding ARP monitor. Drivers need not do it any more. Some cases had to be skipped over because the drivers were making use of the ->last_rx value themselves. Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* [NET]: Move hardware header operations out of netdevice.Stephen Hemminger2007-10-101-2/+1
| | | | | | | | | Since hardware header operations are part of the protocol class not the device instance, make them into a separate object and save memory. Signed-off-by: Stephen Hemminger <shemminger@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* [NET]: Make /proc/net per network namespaceEric W. Biederman2007-10-101-2/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This patch makes /proc/net per network namespace. It modifies the global variables proc_net and proc_net_stat to be per network namespace. The proc_net file helpers are modified to take a network namespace argument, and all of their callers are fixed to pass &init_net for that argument. This ensures that all of the /proc/net files are only visible and usable in the initial network namespace until the code behind them has been updated to be handle multiple network namespaces. Making /proc/net per namespace is necessary as at least some files in /proc/net depend upon the set of network devices which is per network namespace, and even more files in /proc/net have contents that are relevant to a single network namespace. Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* [NET]: Fix yam.cAndrew Morton2007-04-261-1/+1
| | | | | | | | drivers/net/hamradio/yam.c: In function `yam_tx_byte': drivers/net/hamradio/yam.c:643: warning: passing arg 1 of `skb_copy_from_linear_data_offset' from incompatible pointer type Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* [SK_BUFF]: Introduce skb_copy_from_linear_data{_offset}Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo2007-04-251-1/+3
| | | | | | | To clearly state the intent of copying from linear sk_buffs, _offset being a overly long variant but interesting for the sake of saving some bytes. Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
* Replace local random function with random32()Ralf Baechle2007-02-201-9/+2
| | | | | | Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com> Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org> Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jeff@garzik.org>
* [PATCH] mark struct file_operations const 5Arjan van de Ven2007-02-121-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | Many struct file_operations in the kernel can be "const". Marking them const moves these to the .rodata section, which avoids false sharing with potential dirty data. In addition it'll catch accidental writes at compile time to these shared resources. Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* [AX.25]: Fix default address and broadcast address initialization.Ralf Baechle2006-12-081-7/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | Only the callsign but not the SSID part of an AX.25 address is ASCII based but Linux by initializes the SSID which should be just a 4-bit number from ASCII anyway. Fix that and convert the code to use a shared constant for both default addresses. While at it, use the same style for null_ax25_address also. Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* IRQ: Maintain regs pointer globally rather than passing to IRQ handlersDavid Howells2006-10-051-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Maintain a per-CPU global "struct pt_regs *" variable which can be used instead of passing regs around manually through all ~1800 interrupt handlers in the Linux kernel. The regs pointer is used in few places, but it potentially costs both stack space and code to pass it around. On the FRV arch, removing the regs parameter from all the genirq function results in a 20% speed up of the IRQ exit path (ie: from leaving timer_interrupt() to leaving do_IRQ()). Where appropriate, an arch may override the generic storage facility and do something different with the variable. On FRV, for instance, the address is maintained in GR28 at all times inside the kernel as part of general exception handling. Having looked over the code, it appears that the parameter may be handed down through up to twenty or so layers of functions. Consider a USB character device attached to a USB hub, attached to a USB controller that posts its interrupts through a cascaded auxiliary interrupt controller. A character device driver may want to pass regs to the sysrq handler through the input layer which adds another few layers of parameter passing. I've build this code with allyesconfig for x86_64 and i386. I've runtested the main part of the code on FRV and i386, though I can't test most of the drivers. I've also done partial conversion for powerpc and MIPS - these at least compile with minimal configurations. This will affect all archs. Mostly the changes should be relatively easy. Take do_IRQ(), store the regs pointer at the beginning, saving the old one: struct pt_regs *old_regs = set_irq_regs(regs); And put the old one back at the end: set_irq_regs(old_regs); Don't pass regs through to generic_handle_irq() or __do_IRQ(). In timer_interrupt(), this sort of change will be necessary: - update_process_times(user_mode(regs)); - profile_tick(CPU_PROFILING, regs); + update_process_times(user_mode(get_irq_regs())); + profile_tick(CPU_PROFILING); I'd like to move update_process_times()'s use of get_irq_regs() into itself, except that i386, alone of the archs, uses something other than user_mode(). Some notes on the interrupt handling in the drivers: (*) input_dev() is now gone entirely. The regs pointer is no longer stored in the input_dev struct. (*) finish_unlinks() in drivers/usb/host/ohci-q.c needs checking. It does something different depending on whether it's been supplied with a regs pointer or not. (*) Various IRQ handler function pointers have been moved to type irq_handler_t. Signed-Off-By: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> (cherry picked from 1b16e7ac850969f38b375e511e3fa2f474a33867 commit)
* [PATCH] irq-flags: drivers/net: Use the new IRQF_ constantsThomas Gleixner2006-07-021-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: Jeff Garzik <jeff@garzik.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* Remove obsolete #include <linux/config.h>Jörn Engel2006-06-301-1/+0
| | | | | Signed-off-by: Jörn Engel <joern@wohnheim.fh-wedel.de> Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
* [HAMRADIO]: Remove remaining SET_MODULE_OWNER calls from hamradio drivers.Ralf Baechle DL5RB2006-05-031-1/+0
| | | | | Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle DL5RB <ralf@linux-mips.org> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* [AX.25]: Rename ax25_encapsulate to ax25_hard_headerRalf Baechle2005-09-121-1/+1
| | | | | | | | Rename ax25_encapsulate to ax25_hard_header which these days more accurately describes what the function is supposed to do. Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle DL5RB <ralf@linux-mips.org> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* [HAMRADIO]: driver cleanupsRalf Baechle2005-09-121-20/+6
| | | | | | | | | | | | Misc related cleanups in hamradio drivers: o Use symbolic constants instead of magic numbers o Don't try to handle the case where AX.25 isn't configured - the kernel configuration doesn't permit that. o Remove useless headers Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle DL5RB <ralf@linux-mips.org> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* [PATCH] timer initialization cleanup: DEFINE_TIMERIngo Molnar2005-09-091-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | Clean up timer initialization by introducing DEFINE_TIMER a'la DEFINE_SPINLOCK. Build and boot-tested on x86. A similar patch has been been in the -RT tree for some time. Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* [AX25] Introduce ax25_type_transArnaldo Carvalho de Melo2005-04-241-3/+1
| | | | | | | | | Replacing the open coded equivalents and making ax25 look more like a linux network protocol, i.e. more similar to inet. Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@ghostprotocols.net> Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* Linux-2.6.12-rc2v2.6.12-rc2Linus Torvalds2005-04-161-0/+1218
Initial git repository build. I'm not bothering with the full history, even though we have it. We can create a separate "historical" git archive of that later if we want to, and in the meantime it's about 3.2GB when imported into git - space that would just make the early git days unnecessarily complicated, when we don't have a lot of good infrastructure for it. Let it rip!
OpenPOWER on IntegriCloud