| Commit message (Collapse) | Author | Age | Files | Lines |
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Once the CAN-bus is open and a packet is sent, the controller switches
into the PASSIVE state. Once the BUS is closed again it goes the back
err-warning. The TX error counter goes 0 -> 0x80 -> 0x7f.
This patch makes sure that the user learns about this state chang
(CAN_STATE_ERROR_WARNING => CAN_STATE_ERROR_PASSIVE)
Signed-off-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Matthias Klein <matthias.klein@optimeas.de>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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In case we don't have FLEXCAN_HAS_BROKEN_ERR_STATE and the user set
CAN_CTRLMODE_BERR_REPORTING once it can not be unset again until reboot.
So in case neither hardware nor user wants the error interrupt disable
the bit.
Signed-off-by: Alexander Stein <alexander.stein@systec-electronic.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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devm_ioremap() returns NULL on error, not an ERR_PTR().
Fixes: 33cf75656923 ('can: c_can_platform: Fix raminit, use devm_ioremap() instead of devm_ioremap_resource()')
Signed-off-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Cc: linux-stable <stable@vger.kernel.org> # >= v3.11
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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When sja1000 is not compiled as module the SJA1000 chip is only
initialized during device registration on kernel boot. Should the chip
get a hardware reset there is no way to reinitialize it without re-
booting the Linux kernel.
This patch adds a check in sja1000_start if the chip is initialized, if
not we initialize it.
Signed-off-by: Mirza Krak <mirza.krak@hostmobility.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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We should prefer `struct pci_device_id` over `DEFINE_PCI_DEVICE_TABLE` to
meet kernel coding style guidelines. This issue was reported by checkpatch.
A simplified version of the semantic patch that makes this change is as
follows (http://coccinelle.lip6.fr/):
// <smpl>
@@
identifier i;
declarer name DEFINE_PCI_DEVICE_TABLE;
initializer z;
@@
- DEFINE_PCI_DEVICE_TABLE(i)
+ const struct pci_device_id i[]
= z;
// </smpl>
[bhelgaas: add semantic patch]
Signed-off-by: Benoit Taine <benoit.taine@lip6.fr>
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
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Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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devm_ioremap_resource()
The raminit register is shared register for both can0 and can1. Since commit:
32766ff net: can: Convert to use devm_ioremap_resource
devm_ioremap_resource() is used to map raminit register. When using both
interfaces the mapping for the can1 interface fails, leading to a non
functional can interface.
Signed-off-by: George Cherian <george.cherian@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Mugunthan V N <mugunthanvnm@ti.com>
Cc: linux-stable <stable@vger.kernel.org> # >= v3.11
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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git://gitorious.org/linux-can/linux-can-next
Marc Kleine-Budde says:
====================
pull-request: can-next 2014-07-15
this is a pull request of 4 patches for net-next/master.
Prabhakar Lad contributes a patch that converts the c_can driver to use
the devm api. The remaining four patches by Nikita Edward Baruzdin
improve the SJA1000 driver with loopback testing support and introduce
a new testing mode presume ack, for successful transmission even if no
ACK is received.
====================
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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SJA1000 has a self test mode (STM) which does not require
acknowledgement for the successful message transmission. In this mode a
node test is possible without any other active node on the bus.
This patch adds a possibility to set STM for SJA1000 controller through
specifying the corresponding CAN_CTRLMODE_PRESUME_ACK netlink flag.
Signed-off-by: Nikita Edward Baruzdin <nebaruzdin@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Oliver Hartkopp <socketcan@hartkopp.net>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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This adds support for hardware loopback in SJA1000 by utilising its self
reception request (SRR) feature. Upon SRR the message is transmitted and
received simultaneously, meaning you can't have hardware loopback
without actually sending a message to the CAN bus in case of SJA1000.
Signed-off-by: Nikita Edward Baruzdin <nebaruzdin@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Oliver Hartkopp <socketcan@hartkopp.net>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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This patch uses devm_* APIs as they are device managed and make code simpler.
Signed-off-by: Lad, Prabhakar <prabhakar.csengg@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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Extend alloc_netdev{,_mq{,s}}() to take name_assign_type as argument, and convert
all users to pass NET_NAME_UNKNOWN.
Coccinelle patch:
@@
expression sizeof_priv, name, setup, txqs, rxqs, count;
@@
(
-alloc_netdev_mqs(sizeof_priv, name, setup, txqs, rxqs)
+alloc_netdev_mqs(sizeof_priv, name, NET_NAME_UNKNOWN, setup, txqs, rxqs)
|
-alloc_netdev_mq(sizeof_priv, name, setup, count)
+alloc_netdev_mq(sizeof_priv, name, NET_NAME_UNKNOWN, setup, count)
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-alloc_netdev(sizeof_priv, name, setup)
+alloc_netdev(sizeof_priv, name, NET_NAME_UNKNOWN, setup)
)
v9: move comments here from the wrong commit
Signed-off-by: Tom Gundersen <teg@jklm.no>
Reviewed-by: David Herrmann <dh.herrmann@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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The commit "slip: Fix deadlock in write_wakeup" fixes a deadlock caused
by a change made in both slcan and slip. This is a direct port of that
fix.
Signed-off-by: Tyler Hall <tylerwhall@gmail.com>
Cc: Oliver Hartkopp <socketcan@hartkopp.net>
Cc: Andre Naujoks <nautsch2@gmail.com>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Conflicts:
include/net/inetpeer.h
net/ipv6/output_core.c
Changes in net were fixing bugs in code removed in net-next.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Commit a1ef7bd9fce8 ("can: rename LED trigger name on netdev renames") renames
the led trigger names according to the changed netdevice name.
As not every CAN driver supports and initializes the led triggers, checking for
the CAN private datastructure with safe_candev_priv() in the notifier chain is
not enough.
This patch adds a check when CONFIG_CAN_LEDS is enabled and the driver does not
support led triggers.
For stable 3.9+
Cc: Fabio Baltieri <fabio.baltieri@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Oliver Hartkopp <socketcan@hartkopp.net>
Acked-by: Kurt Van Dijck <dev.kurt@vandijck-laurijssen.be>
Cc: linux-stable <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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This patch adds xilinx CAN controller support. This driver supports both ZYNQ
CANPS and Soft IP AXI CAN controller.
Signed-off-by: Kedareswara rao Appana <appanad@xilinx.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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Conflicts:
drivers/net/bonding/bond_alb.c
drivers/net/ethernet/altera/altera_msgdma.c
drivers/net/ethernet/altera/altera_sgdma.c
net/ipv6/xfrm6_output.c
Several cases of overlapping changes.
The xfrm6_output.c has a bug fix which overlaps the renaming
of skb->local_df to skb->ignore_df.
In the Altera TSE driver cases, the register access cleanups
in net-next overlapped with bug fixes done in net.
Similarly a bug fix to send ALB packets in the bonding driver using
the right source address overlaps with cleanups in net-next.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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As remarked by Christopher R. Baker in his post at
http://marc.info/?l=linux-can&m=139707295706465&w=2
there's a possibility for an use after free condition at device removal.
This simplified patch introduces an additional variable to prevent the issue.
Thanks for catching this.
Cc: linux-stable <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Reported-by: Christopher R. Baker <cbaker@rec.ri.cmu.edu>
Signed-off-by: Stephane Grosjean <s.grosjean@peak-system.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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In 2b9aecdce2 ("can: c_can: Disable rx split as workaround") a new Kconfig
option was introduced as a workaround. The tests performed by Alexander Stein
confirmed this option to be obsolete with all the other cleanups and fixes
that had been discussed that time:
http://marc.info/?l=linux-can&m=139746476821294&w=2
Both (author and tester) agreed to remove this Kconfig option again:
http://marc.info/?l=linux-can&m=139883820714229&w=2
As some more cleanups took place since then a simple revert is not possible.
This patch removes the entire option as it would behave when disabled.
Further beautification’s can be done later.
Signed-off-by: Oliver Hartkopp <socketcan@hartkopp.net>
Tested-by: Alexander Stein <alexander.stein@systec-electronic.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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This patch fixes a use after free of "dev" in gs_destroy_candev().
Reported-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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The Geschwister Schneider Family of devices are galvanically isolated USB2.0 to
CAN2.0A/B adapters. Currently two form factors are available, a tethered dongle
in a rugged enclosure, and mini-pci-e card.
Signed-off-by: Maximilian Schneider <max@schneidersoft.net>
Acked-by: Wolfgang Grandegger <wg@grandegger.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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Add support for the CAN controller found in Renesas R-Car SoCs.
Signed-off-by: Sergei Shtylyov <sergei.shtylyov@cogentembedded.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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Non-TI chips (including socfpga) needs different raminit sequence. Implement
it.
Tested-by: Thor Thayer <tthayer@altera.com>
Signed-off-by: Thor Thayer <tthayer@altera.com>
Signed-off-by: Pavel Machek <pavel@denx.de>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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Add helpers for 32-bit accesses and replace open-coded 32-bit access
with calls to helpers. Minimum changes are done to the pci case, as I
don't have access to that hardware.
Tested-by: Thor Thayer <tthayer@altera.com>
Signed-off-by: Thor Thayer <tthayer@altera.com>
Signed-off-by: Pavel Machek <pavel@denx.de>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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This patch makes the {read,write}_reg functions const, this is a preparation to
make use of {read,write}_reg in the hwinit callback.
Signed-off-by: Thor Thayer <tthayer@altera.com>
Signed-off-by: Pavel Machek <pavel@denx.de>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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The pch_can driver is for a companion chip to the Intel Atom E600
series processors. These are 32-bit x86 processors so the driver is
only needed on X86_32. Add COMPILE_TEST as an alternative, so that the
driver can still be build-tested elsewhere.
Signed-off-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>
Cc: Wolfgang Grandegger <wg@grandegger.com>
Cc: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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The only driver based on MSCAN at the moment is for PPC machines,
so it makes no sense to present the menu on M68K. The menu will always
be empty there.
Signed-off-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>
Cc: Wolfgang Grandegger <wg@grandegger.com>
Cc: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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The at91_can driver is AT91-specific so it should depend on ARCH_AT91
rather than just ARM. Add COMPILE_TEST as an alternative, so that the
driver can still be build-tested elsewhere.
Signed-off-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>
Cc: Wolfgang Grandegger <wg@grandegger.com>
Cc: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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drivers/net/can/spi/mcp251x.c:953:7-27: ERROR: Threaded IRQ with no primary handler requested without IRQF_ONESHOT
Make sure threaded IRQs without a primary handler are always request with
IRQF_ONESHOT
Generated by: scripts/coccinelle/misc/irqf_oneshot.cocci
CC: Stefano Babic <sbabic@denx.de>
CC: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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Conflicts:
drivers/net/ethernet/altera/altera_sgdma.c
net/netlink/af_netlink.c
net/sched/cls_api.c
net/sched/sch_api.c
The netlink conflict dealt with moving to netlink_capable() and
netlink_ns_capable() in the 'net' tree vs. supporting 'tc' operations
in non-init namespaces. These were simple transformations from
netlink_capable to netlink_ns_capable.
The Altera driver conflict was simply code removal overlapping some
void pointer cast cleanups in net-next.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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slc_xmit is called within softirq context and locks sl->lock, but
slcan_write_wakeup is not softirq context, so we need to use
spin_[un]lock_bh!
Detected using kernel lock debugging mechanism.
Signed-off-by: Alexander Stein <alexander.stein@systec-electronic.com>
Acked-by: Oliver Hartkopp <socketcan@hartkopp.net>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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When trying to set a data bitrate on non CAN FD devices the 'ip' tool
answers with:
RTNETLINK answers: Unknown error 524
Rename '-ENOTSUPP' to '-EOPNOTSUPP' so that 'ip' answers correctly:
RTNETLINK answers: Operation not supported
Signed-off-by: Oliver Hartkopp <socketcan@hartkopp.net>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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When accessing the SJA1000 controller registers in the indirect access mode,
writing the register number and reading/writing the data has to be an atomic
attempt.
As the sja1000_isa driver is an old style driver with a fixed number of
instances the locking variable depends on the same index like all the other
configuration elements given on the module command line.
As a positive side effect dev->dev_id is populated by the instance index,
which was missing in 3e66d0138c05d9 ("can: populate netdev::dev_id for udev
discrimination").
Reported-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Oliver Hartkopp <socketcan@hartkopp.net>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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Coverity complains that c_can_pci_probe() calls pci_enable_msi() without
checking the result:
CID 712278 (#1 of 1): Unchecked return value (CHECKED_RETURN) 3. check_return:
Calling pci_enable_msi_block without checking return value (as is done
elsewhere 88 out of 105 times).
88 pci_enable_msi(pdev);
This is CID 712278.
Signed-off-by: Wolfgang Grandegger <wg@grandegger.com>
Reported-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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Commit 6439fbce1075 (can: c_can: fix error checking of priv->instance in
probe()) found the warning but applied a suboptimal solution. Since, both
pdev->id and of_alias_get_id() return integers, it makes sense to convert the
variable to an integer and avoid the cast.
Signed-off-by: Wolfram Sang <wsa@sang-engineering.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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It's suffcient to kill the TXIE bit in the message control register
even if the documentation of C and D CAN says that it's not allowed to
do that while MSGVAL is set. Reality tells a different story and this
change gives us another 2% of CPU back for not waiting on I/O.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Tested-by: Alexander Stein <alexander.stein@systec-electronic.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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Mark suggested to use one IF for the softirq and the other for the
xmit function to avoid the xmit lock.
That requires to write the frame into the interface first, then handle
the echo skb and store the dlc before committing the TX request to the
message ram.
We use an atomic to handle the active buffers instead of reading the
MSGVAL register as thats way faster especially on PCH/x86.
Suggested-by: Mark <mark5@del-llc.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Tested-by: Alexander Stein <alexander.stein@systec-electronic.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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Instead of obfuscating the code by artificial 16 bit splits use the
proper 32 bit assignments and split the result when writing to the
interface.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Tested-by: Alexander Stein <alexander.stein@systec-electronic.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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Remove the MASK from the TX transfer side.
Make the code readable and get rid of the annoying IFX_WRITE_XXX_16BIT
macros which are just obfuscating the code.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Tested-by: Alexander Stein <alexander.stein@systec-electronic.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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Sigh!
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Tested-by: Alexander Stein <alexander.stein@systec-electronic.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Tested-by: Alexander Stein <alexander.stein@systec-electronic.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Tested-by: Alexander Stein <alexander.stein@systec-electronic.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Tested-by: Alexander Stein <alexander.stein@systec-electronic.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Tested-by: Alexander Stein <alexander.stein@systec-electronic.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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Alexander reported that the new optimized handling of the RX fifo
causes random packet loss on Intel PCH C_CAN hardware.
After a few fruitless debugging sessions I got hold of a PCH (eg20t)
afflicted system. That machine does not have the CAN interface wired
up, but it was possible to reproduce the issue with the HW loopback
mode.
As Alexander observed correctly, clearing the NewDat flag along with
reading out the message buffer causes that issue on C_CAN, while D_CAN
handles that correctly.
Instead of restoring the original message buffer handling horror the
following workaround solves the issue:
transfer buffer to IF without clearing the NewDat
handle the message
clear NewDat bit
That's similar to the original code but conditional for C_CAN.
I really wonder why all user manuals (C_CAN, Intel PCH and some more)
recommend to clear the NewDat bit right away. The knows it all Oracle
operated by Gurgle does not unearth any useful information either. I
simply cannot believe that we are the first to uncover that HW issue.
Reported-and-tested-by: Alexander Stein <alexander.stein@systec-electronic.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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The RX buffer split causes packet loss in the hardware:
What happens is:
RX Packet 1 --> message buffer 1 (newdat bit is not cleared)
RX Packet 2 --> message buffer 2 (newdat bit is not cleared)
RX Packet 3 --> message buffer 3 (newdat bit is not cleared)
RX Packet 4 --> message buffer 4 (newdat bit is not cleared)
RX Packet 5 --> message buffer 5 (newdat bit is not cleared)
RX Packet 6 --> message buffer 6 (newdat bit is not cleared)
RX Packet 7 --> message buffer 7 (newdat bit is not cleared)
RX Packet 8 --> message buffer 8 (newdat bit is not cleared)
Clear newdat bit in message buffer 1
Clear newdat bit in message buffer 2
Clear newdat bit in message buffer 3
Clear newdat bit in message buffer 4
Clear newdat bit in message buffer 5
Clear newdat bit in message buffer 6
Clear newdat bit in message buffer 7
Clear newdat bit in message buffer 8
Now if during that clearing of newdat bits, a new message comes in,
the HW gets confused and drops it.
It does not matter how many of them you clear. I put a delay between
clear of buffer 1 and buffer 2 which was long enough that the message
should have been queued either in buffer 1 or buffer 9. But it did not
show up anywhere. The next message ended up in buffer 1. So the
hardware lost a packet of course without telling it via one of the
error handlers.
That does not happen on all clear newdat bit events. I see one of 10k
packets dropped in the scenario which allows us to reproduce. But the
trace looks always the same.
Not splitting the RX Buffer avoids the packet loss but can cause
reordering. It's hard to trigger, but it CAN happen.
With that mode we use the HW as it was probably designed for. We read
from the buffer 1 upwards and clear the buffer as we get the
message. That's how all microcontrollers use it. So I assume that the
way we handle the buffers was never really tested. According to the
public documentation it should just work :)
Let the user decide which evil is the lesser one.
[ Oliver Hartkopp: Provided a sane config option and help text and
made me switch to favour potential and unlikely reordering over
packet loss ]
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Tested-by: Alexander Stein <alexander.stein@systec-electronic.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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The driver handles pointlessly TWO interrupts per packet. The reason
is that it enables the status interrupt which fires for each rx and tx
packet and it enables the per message object interrupts as well.
The status interrupt merily acks or in case of D_CAN ignores the TX/RX
state and then the message object interrupt fires.
The message objects interrupts are only useful if all message objects
have hardware filters activated.
But we don't have that and its not simple to implement in that driver
without rewriting it completely.
So we can ditch the message object interrupts and handle the RX/TX
right away from the status interrupt. Instead of TWO we handle ONE.
Note: We must keep the TXIE/RXIE bits in the message buffers because
the status interrupt alone is not reliable enough in corner cases.
If we ever have the need for HW filtering, then this code needs a
complete overhaul and we can think about it then. For now we prefer a
lower interrupt load.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Tested-by: Alexander Stein <alexander.stein@systec-electronic.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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On D_CAN the RXOK, TXOK and LEC bits are cleared/set on read of the
status register. No need to update them.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Tested-by: Alexander Stein <alexander.stein@systec-electronic.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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Instead of writing to the message object we can simply clear the
NewDat bit with the get method.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Tested-by: Alexander Stein <alexander.stein@systec-electronic.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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If the allocation of the error skb fails, we still want to see the
error statistics.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Tested-by: Alexander Stein <alexander.stein@systec-electronic.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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