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path: root/drivers/mtd/ubi/misc.c
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* mtd: ubi: Add logging functions ubi_msg, ubi_warn and ubi_errJoe Perches2016-03-201-0/+49
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Using logging functions instead of macros can reduce overall object size. $ size drivers/mtd/ubi/built-in.o* text data bss dec hex filename 271620 163364 73696 508680 7c308 drivers/mtd/ubi/built-in.o.allyesconfig.new 287638 165380 73504 526522 808ba drivers/mtd/ubi/built-in.o.allyesconfig.old 87728 3780 504 92012 1676c drivers/mtd/ubi/built-in.o.defconfig.new 97084 3780 504 101368 18bf8 drivers/mtd/ubi/built-in.o.defconfig.old Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com> Signed-off-by: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
* UBI: fix soft lockup in ubi_check_volume()hujianyang2015-01-281-0/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Running mtd-utils/tests/ubi-tests/io_basic.c could cause soft lockup or watchdog reset. It is because *updatevol* will perform ubi_check_volume() after updating finish and this function will full scan the updated lebs if the volume is initialized as STATIC_VOLUME. This patch adds *cond_resched()* in the loop of lebs scan to avoid soft lockup. Helped by Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at> [ 2158.067096] INFO: rcu_sched self-detected stall on CPU { 1} (t=2101 jiffies g=1606 c=1605 q=56) [ 2158.172867] CPU: 1 PID: 2073 Comm: io_basic Tainted: G O 3.10.53 #21 [ 2158.172898] [<c000f624>] (unwind_backtrace+0x0/0x120) from [<c000c294>] (show_stack+0x10/0x14) [ 2158.172918] [<c000c294>] (show_stack+0x10/0x14) from [<c008ac3c>] (rcu_check_callbacks+0x1c0/0x660) [ 2158.172936] [<c008ac3c>] (rcu_check_callbacks+0x1c0/0x660) from [<c002b480>] (update_process_times+0x38/0x64) [ 2158.172953] [<c002b480>] (update_process_times+0x38/0x64) from [<c005ff38>] (tick_sched_handle+0x54/0x60) [ 2158.172966] [<c005ff38>] (tick_sched_handle+0x54/0x60) from [<c00601ac>] (tick_sched_timer+0x44/0x74) [ 2158.172978] [<c00601ac>] (tick_sched_timer+0x44/0x74) from [<c003f348>] (__run_hrtimer+0xc8/0x1b8) [ 2158.172992] [<c003f348>] (__run_hrtimer+0xc8/0x1b8) from [<c003fd9c>] (hrtimer_interrupt+0x128/0x2a4) [ 2158.173007] [<c003fd9c>] (hrtimer_interrupt+0x128/0x2a4) from [<c0246f1c>] (arch_timer_handler_virt+0x28/0x30) [ 2158.173022] [<c0246f1c>] (arch_timer_handler_virt+0x28/0x30) from [<c0086214>] (handle_percpu_devid_irq+0x9c/0x124) [ 2158.173036] [<c0086214>] (handle_percpu_devid_irq+0x9c/0x124) from [<c0082bd8>] (generic_handle_irq+0x20/0x30) [ 2158.173049] [<c0082bd8>] (generic_handle_irq+0x20/0x30) from [<c000969c>] (handle_IRQ+0x64/0x8c) [ 2158.173060] [<c000969c>] (handle_IRQ+0x64/0x8c) from [<c0008544>] (gic_handle_irq+0x3c/0x60) [ 2158.173074] [<c0008544>] (gic_handle_irq+0x3c/0x60) from [<c02f0f80>] (__irq_svc+0x40/0x50) [ 2158.173083] Exception stack(0xc4043c98 to 0xc4043ce0) [ 2158.173092] 3c80: c4043ce4 00000019 [ 2158.173102] 3ca0: 1f8a865f c050ad10 1f8a864c 00000031 c04b5970 0003ebce 00000000 f3550000 [ 2158.173113] 3cc0: bf00bc68 00000800 0003ebce c4043ce0 c0186d14 c0186cb8 80000013 ffffffff [ 2158.173130] [<c02f0f80>] (__irq_svc+0x40/0x50) from [<c0186cb8>] (read_current_timer+0x4/0x38) [ 2158.173145] [<c0186cb8>] (read_current_timer+0x4/0x38) from [<1f8a865f>] (0x1f8a865f) [ 2183.927097] BUG: soft lockup - CPU#1 stuck for 22s! [io_basic:2073] [ 2184.002229] Modules linked in: nandflash(O) [last unloaded: nandflash] Signed-off-by: Wang Kai <morgan.wang@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: hujianyang <hujianyang@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
* UBI: Extend UBI layer debug/messaging capabilitiesTanya Brokhman2014-11-071-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | If there is more then one UBI device mounted, there is no way to distinguish between messages from different UBI devices. Add device number to all ubi layer message types. The R/O block driver messages were replaced by pr_* since ubi_device structure is not used by it. Amended a bit by Artem. Signed-off-by: Tanya Brokhman <tlinder@codeaurora.org> Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <artem.bityutskiy@linux.intel.com>
* UBI: comply with coding styleArtem Bityutskiy2012-09-041-3/+1
| | | | | | Join all the split printk lines in order to stop checkpatch complaining. Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <artem.bityutskiy@linux.intel.com>
* UBI: limit amount of reserved eraseblocks for bad PEB handlingShmulik Ladkani2012-09-041-4/+12
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The existing mechanism of reserving PEBs for bad PEB handling has two flaws: - It is calculated as a percentage of good PEBs instead of total PEBs. - There's no limit on the amount of PEBs UBI reserves for future bad eraseblock handling. This patch changes the mechanism to overcome these flaws. The desired level of PEBs reserved for bad PEB handling (beb_rsvd_level) is set to the maximum expected bad eraseblocks (bad_peb_limit) minus the existing number of bad eraseblocks (bad_peb_count). The actual amount of PEBs reserved for bad PEB handling is usually set to the desired level (but in some circumstances may be lower than the desired level, e.g. when attaching to a device that has too few available PEBs to satisfy the desired level). In the case where the device has too many bad PEBs (above the expected limit), then the desired level, and the actual amount of PEBs reserved are set to zero. No PEBs will be set aside for future bad eraseblock handling - even if some PEBs are made available (e.g. by shrinking a volume). If another PEB goes bad, and there are available PEBs, then the eraseblock will be marked bad (consuming one available PEB). But if there are no available PEBs, ubi will go into readonly mode. Signed-off-by: Shmulik Ladkani <shmulik.ladkani@gmail.com>
* UBI: harmonize the update of ubi->beb_rsvd_pebsShmulik Ladkani2012-07-181-0/+23
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Currently, there are several locations where an attempt to reserve more PEBs for bad PEB handling is made, with the same code being duplicated. Harmonize it by introducing 'ubi_update_reserved()'. Also, improve the debug message issued, making it more descriptive. Artem: amended the patch a little. Signed-off-by: Shmulik Ladkani <shmulik.ladkani@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <Artem.Bityutskiy@linux.intel.com>
* UBI: trivial: fix comment of ubi_calculate_reserved functionShmulik Ladkani2012-07-181-1/+1
| | | | | | | | The function name within the comment was not aligned with the actual function name. Signed-off-by: Shmulik Ladkani <shmulik.ladkani@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <Artem.Bityutskiy@linux.intel.com>
* mtd: utilize `mtd_is_*()' functionsBrian Norris2011-09-211-1/+1
| | | | | Signed-off-by: Brian Norris <computersforpeace@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <artem.bityutskiy@intel.com>
* UBI: make check_pattern function non-staticArtem Bityutskiy2010-10-191-0/+19
| | | | | | | | This patch turns static function 'check_pattern()' into a non-static 'ubi_check_pattern()'. This is just a preparation for the chages which are coming in the next patches. Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <Artem.Bityutskiy@nokia.com>
* UBI: avoid unnecessary division operationsKyungmin Park2008-07-241-1/+1
| | | | | | | | UBI already checks that @min io size is the power of 2 at io_init. It is save to use bit operations then. Signed-off-by: Kyungmin Park <kyungmin.park@samsung.com> Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <Artem.Bityutskiy@nokia.com>
* UBI: improve internal interfacesArtem Bityutskiy2007-12-261-1/+1
| | | | | | | | Pass volume description object to the EBA function which makes more sense, and EBA function do not have to find the volume description object by volume ID. Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <Artem.Bityutskiy@nokia.com>
* UBI: use vmalloc for large buffersArtem Bityutskiy2007-07-181-2/+2
| | | | | | | UBI allocates temporary buffers of PEB size, which may be 256KiB. Use vmalloc instead of kmalloc for such big temporary buffers. Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <Artem.Bityutskiy@nokia.com>
* UBI: Unsorted Block ImagesArtem B. Bityutskiy2007-04-271-0/+105
UBI (Latin: "where?") manages multiple logical volumes on a single flash device, specifically supporting NAND flash devices. UBI provides a flexible partitioning concept which still allows for wear-levelling across the whole flash device. In a sense, UBI may be compared to the Logical Volume Manager (LVM). Whereas LVM maps logical sector numbers to physical HDD sector numbers, UBI maps logical eraseblocks to physical eraseblocks. More information may be found at http://www.linux-mtd.infradead.org/doc/ubi.html Partitioning/Re-partitioning An UBI volume occupies a certain number of erase blocks. This is limited by a configured maximum volume size, which could also be viewed as the partition size. Each individual UBI volume's size can be changed independently of the other UBI volumes, provided that the sum of all volume sizes doesn't exceed a certain limit. UBI supports dynamic volumes and static volumes. Static volumes are read-only and their contents are protected by CRC check sums. Bad eraseblocks handling UBI transparently handles bad eraseblocks. When a physical eraseblock becomes bad, it is substituted by a good physical eraseblock, and the user does not even notice this. Scrubbing On a NAND flash bit flips can occur on any write operation, sometimes also on read. If bit flips persist on the device, at first they can still be corrected by ECC, but once they accumulate, correction will become impossible. Thus it is best to actively scrub the affected eraseblock, by first copying it to a free eraseblock and then erasing the original. The UBI layer performs this type of scrubbing under the covers, transparently to the UBI volume users. Erase Counts UBI maintains an erase count header per eraseblock. This frees higher-level layers (like file systems) from doing this and allows for centralized erase count management instead. The erase counts are used by the wear-levelling algorithm in the UBI layer. The algorithm itself is exchangeable. Booting from NAND For booting directly from NAND flash the hardware must at least be capable of fetching and executing a small portion of the NAND flash. Some NAND flash controllers have this kind of support. They usually limit the window to a few kilobytes in erase block 0. This "initial program loader" (IPL) must then contain sufficient logic to load and execute the next boot phase. Due to bad eraseblocks, which may be randomly scattered over the flash device, it is problematic to store the "secondary program loader" (SPL) statically. Also, due to bit-flips it may become corrupted over time. UBI allows to solve this problem gracefully by storing the SPL in a small static UBI volume. UBI volumes vs. static partitions UBI volumes are still very similar to static MTD partitions: * both consist of eraseblocks (logical eraseblocks in case of UBI volumes, and physical eraseblocks in case of static partitions; * both support three basic operations - read, write, erase. But UBI volumes have the following advantages over traditional static MTD partitions: * there are no eraseblock wear-leveling constraints in case of UBI volumes, so the user should not care about this; * there are no bit-flips and bad eraseblocks in case of UBI volumes. So, UBI volumes may be considered as flash devices with relaxed restrictions. Where can it be found? Documentation, kernel code and applications can be found in the MTD gits. What are the applications for? The applications help to create binary flash images for two purposes: pfi files (partial flash images) for in-system update of UBI volumes, and plain binary images, with or without OOB data in case of NAND, for a manufacturing step. Furthermore some tools are/and will be created that allow flash content analysis after a system has crashed.. Who did UBI? The original ideas, where UBI is based on, were developed by Andreas Arnez, Frank Haverkamp and Thomas Gleixner. Josh W. Boyer and some others were involved too. The implementation of the kernel layer was done by Artem B. Bityutskiy. The user-space applications and tools were written by Oliver Lohmann with contributions from Frank Haverkamp, Andreas Arnez, and Artem. Joern Engel contributed a patch which modifies JFFS2 so that it can be run on a UBI volume. Thomas Gleixner did modifications to the NAND layer. Alexander Schmidt made some testing work as well as core functionality improvements. Signed-off-by: Artem B. Bityutskiy <dedekind@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Frank Haverkamp <haver@vnet.ibm.com>
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