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prepare for new patches
Conflicts:
arch/x86/kernel/traps.c
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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While I play inhouse patches with much memory pressure on qemu-kvm,
3.14 kernel was randomly crashed. The reason was kernel stack overflow.
When I investigated the problem, the callstack was a little bit deeper
by involve with reclaim functions but not direct reclaim path.
I tried to diet stack size of some functions related with alloc/reclaim
so did a hundred of byte but overflow was't disappeard so that I encounter
overflow by another deeper callstack on reclaim/allocator path.
Of course, we might sweep every sites we have found for reducing
stack usage but I'm not sure how long it saves the world(surely,
lots of developer start to add nice features which will use stack
agains) and if we consider another more complex feature in I/O layer
and/or reclaim path, it might be better to increase stack size(
meanwhile, stack usage on 64bit machine was doubled compared to 32bit
while it have sticked to 8K. Hmm, it's not a fair to me and arm64
already expaned to 16K. )
So, my stupid idea is just let's expand stack size and keep an eye
toward stack consumption on each kernel functions via stacktrace of ftrace.
For example, we can have a bar like that each funcion shouldn't exceed 200K
and emit the warning when some function consumes more in runtime.
Of course, it could make false positive but at least, it could make a
chance to think over it.
I guess this topic was discussed several time so there might be
strong reason not to increase kernel stack size on x86_64, for me not
knowing so Ccing x86_64 maintainers, other MM guys and virtio
maintainers.
Here's an example call trace using up the kernel stack:
Depth Size Location (51 entries)
----- ---- --------
0) 7696 16 lookup_address
1) 7680 16 _lookup_address_cpa.isra.3
2) 7664 24 __change_page_attr_set_clr
3) 7640 392 kernel_map_pages
4) 7248 256 get_page_from_freelist
5) 6992 352 __alloc_pages_nodemask
6) 6640 8 alloc_pages_current
7) 6632 168 new_slab
8) 6464 8 __slab_alloc
9) 6456 80 __kmalloc
10) 6376 376 vring_add_indirect
11) 6000 144 virtqueue_add_sgs
12) 5856 288 __virtblk_add_req
13) 5568 96 virtio_queue_rq
14) 5472 128 __blk_mq_run_hw_queue
15) 5344 16 blk_mq_run_hw_queue
16) 5328 96 blk_mq_insert_requests
17) 5232 112 blk_mq_flush_plug_list
18) 5120 112 blk_flush_plug_list
19) 5008 64 io_schedule_timeout
20) 4944 128 mempool_alloc
21) 4816 96 bio_alloc_bioset
22) 4720 48 get_swap_bio
23) 4672 160 __swap_writepage
24) 4512 32 swap_writepage
25) 4480 320 shrink_page_list
26) 4160 208 shrink_inactive_list
27) 3952 304 shrink_lruvec
28) 3648 80 shrink_zone
29) 3568 128 do_try_to_free_pages
30) 3440 208 try_to_free_pages
31) 3232 352 __alloc_pages_nodemask
32) 2880 8 alloc_pages_current
33) 2872 200 __page_cache_alloc
34) 2672 80 find_or_create_page
35) 2592 80 ext4_mb_load_buddy
36) 2512 176 ext4_mb_regular_allocator
37) 2336 128 ext4_mb_new_blocks
38) 2208 256 ext4_ext_map_blocks
39) 1952 160 ext4_map_blocks
40) 1792 384 ext4_writepages
41) 1408 16 do_writepages
42) 1392 96 __writeback_single_inode
43) 1296 176 writeback_sb_inodes
44) 1120 80 __writeback_inodes_wb
45) 1040 160 wb_writeback
46) 880 208 bdi_writeback_workfn
47) 672 144 process_one_work
48) 528 112 worker_thread
49) 416 240 kthread
50) 176 176 ret_from_fork
[ Note: the problem is exacerbated by certain gcc versions that seem to
generate much bigger stack frames due to apparently bad coalescing of
temporaries and generating too many spills. Rusty saw gcc-4.6.4 using
35% more stack on the virtio path than 4.8.2 does, for example.
Minchan not only uses such a bad gcc version (4.6.3 in his case), but
some of the stack use is due to debugging (CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC is
what causes that kernel_map_pages() frame, for example). But we're
clearly getting too close.
The VM code also seems to have excessive stack frames partly for the
same compiler reason, triggered by excessive inlining and lots of
function arguments.
We need to improve on our stack use, but in the meantime let's do this
simple stack increase too. Unlike most earlier reports, there is
nothing simple that stands out as being really horribly wrong here,
apart from the fact that the stack frames are just bigger than they
should need to be. - Linus ]
Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Michael S Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: PJ Waskiewicz <pjwaskiewicz@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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The invalidation is required in order to maintain proper semantics
under CoW conditions. In scenarios where a process clones several
threads, a thread operating on a core whose DTLB entry for a
particular hugepage has not been invalidated, will be reading from
the hugepage that belongs to the forked child process, even after
hugetlb_cow().
The thread will not see the updated page as long as the stale DTLB
entry remains cached, the thread attempts to write into the page,
the child process exits, or the thread gets migrated to a different
processor.
Signed-off-by: Anthony Iliopoulos <anthony.iliopoulos@huawei.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20140514092948.GA17391@server-36.huawei.corp
Suggested-by: Shay Goikhman <shay.goikhman@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # v2.6.16+ (!)
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The spuriously added semicolon didn't have any effect because the
macro isn't currently in use.
c0a639ad0bc6b178b46996bd1f821a04643e2bde
Signed-off-by: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1399598957-7011-3-git-send-email-andres@anarazel.de
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
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HPET on some platform has accuracy problem. Making
"boot_hpet_disable" extern so that we can runtime disable
the HPET timer by using quirk to check the platform.
Signed-off-by: Feng Tang <feng.tang@intel.com>
Cc: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
Cc: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1398327498-13163-1-git-send-email-feng.tang@intel.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/oleg/misc into perf/core
Pull uprobes tmpfs support patches from Oleg Nesterov.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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Purely cosmetic, no changes in .o,
1. As Jim pointed out arch_uprobe->def looks ambiguous, rename it to
->defparam.
2. Add the comment into default_post_xol_op() to explain "regs->sp +=".
3. Remove the stale part of the comment in arch_uprobe_analyze_insn().
Suggested-by: Jim Keniston <jkenisto@us.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Acked-by: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
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Conflicts:
arch/x86/kernel/traps.c
The kprobes enhancements are fully cooked, ship them upstream.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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Use NOKPROBE_SYMBOL macro for protecting functions
from kprobes instead of __kprobes annotation under
arch/x86.
This applies nokprobe_inline annotation for some cases,
because NOKPROBE_SYMBOL() will inhibit inlining by
referring the symbol address.
This just folds a bunch of previous NOKPROBE_SYMBOL()
cleanup patches for x86 to one patch.
Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20140417081814.26341.51656.stgit@ltc230.yrl.intra.hitachi.co.jp
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@kernel.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Fernando Luis Vázquez Cao <fernando_b1@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Cc: Gleb Natapov <gleb@redhat.com>
Cc: Jason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com>
Cc: Jesper Nilsson <jesper.nilsson@axis.com>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Cc: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Jonathan Lebon <jlebon@redhat.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Matt Fleming <matt.fleming@intel.com>
Cc: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Raghavendra K T <raghavendra.kt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Seiji Aguchi <seiji.aguchi@hds.com>
Cc: Srivatsa Vaddagiri <vatsa@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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To avoid a kernel crash by probing on lockdep code, call
kprobe_int3_handler() and kprobe_debug_handler()(which was
formerly called post_kprobe_handler()) directly from
do_int3 and do_debug.
Currently kprobes uses notify_die() to hook the int3/debug
exceptoins. Since there is a locking code in notify_die,
the lockdep code can be invoked. And because the lockdep
involves printk() related things, theoretically, we need to
prohibit probing on such code, which means much longer blacklist
we'll have. Instead, hooking the int3/debug for kprobes before
notify_die() can avoid this problem.
Anyway, most of the int3 handlers in the kernel are already
called from do_int3 directly, e.g. ftrace_int3_handler,
poke_int3_handler, kgdb_ll_trap. Actually only
kprobe_exceptions_notify is on the notifier_call_chain.
Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Reviewed-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Jonathan Lebon <jlebon@redhat.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Seiji Aguchi <seiji.aguchi@hds.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20140417081733.26341.24423.stgit@ltc230.yrl.intra.hitachi.co.jp
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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Introduce NOKPROBE_SYMBOL() macro which builds a kprobes
blacklist at kernel build time.
The usage of this macro is similar to EXPORT_SYMBOL(),
placed after the function definition:
NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(function);
Since this macro will inhibit inlining of static/inline
functions, this patch also introduces a nokprobe_inline macro
for static/inline functions. In this case, we must use
NOKPROBE_SYMBOL() for the inline function caller.
When CONFIG_KPROBES=y, the macro stores the given function
address in the "_kprobe_blacklist" section.
Since the data structures are not fully initialized by the
macro (because there is no "size" information), those
are re-initialized at boot time by using kallsyms.
Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20140417081705.26341.96719.stgit@ltc230.yrl.intra.hitachi.co.jp
Cc: Alok Kataria <akataria@vmware.com>
Cc: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Anil S Keshavamurthy <anil.s.keshavamurthy@intel.com>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Christopher Li <sparse@chrisli.org>
Cc: Chris Wright <chrisw@sous-sol.org>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Jan-Simon Möller <dl9pf@gmx.de>
Cc: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@goop.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: linux-arch@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-doc@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-sparse@vger.kernel.org
Cc: virtualization@lists.linux-foundation.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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Trivial, make math_error() static.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
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It is possible to replace rip-relative addressing mode with addressing
mode of the same length: (reg+disp32). This eliminates the need to fix
up immediate and correct for changing instruction length.
And we can kill arch_uprobe->def.riprel_target.
Signed-off-by: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jim Keniston <jkenisto@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
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The only insn which could have both UPROBE_FIX_IP and UPROBE_FIX_CALL
was 0xe8 "call relative", and now it is handled by branch_xol_ops.
So we can change default_post_xol_op(UPROBE_FIX_CALL) to simply push
the address of next insn == utask->vaddr + insn.length, just we need
to record insn.length into the new auprobe->def.ilen member.
Note: if/when we teach branch_xol_ops to support jcxz/loopz we can
remove the "correction" logic, UPROBE_FIX_IP can use the same address.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
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handle_riprel_insn() assumes that nobody else could modify ->fixups
before. This is correct but fragile, change it to use "|=".
Also make ->fixups u8, we are going to add the new members into the
union. It is not clear why UPROBE_FIX_RIP_.X lived in the upper byte,
redefine them so that they can fit into u8.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
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Finally we can move arch_uprobe->fixups/rip_rela_target_address
into the new "def" struct and place this struct in the union, they
are only used by default_xol_ops paths.
The patch also renames rip_rela_target_address to riprel_target just
to make this name shorter.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jim Keniston <jkenisto@us.ibm.com>
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Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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Pull KVM fixes from Marcelo Tosatti:
- Fix for guest triggerable BUG_ON (CVE-2014-0155)
- CR4.SMAP support
- Spurious WARN_ON() fix
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm:
KVM: x86: remove WARN_ON from get_kernel_ns()
KVM: Rename variable smep to cr4_smep
KVM: expose SMAP feature to guest
KVM: Disable SMAP for guests in EPT realmode and EPT unpaging mode
KVM: Add SMAP support when setting CR4
KVM: Remove SMAP bit from CR4_RESERVED_BITS
KVM: ioapic: try to recover if pending_eoi goes out of range
KVM: ioapic: fix assignment of ioapic->rtc_status.pending_eoi (CVE-2014-0155)
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This patch removes SMAP bit from CR4_RESERVED_BITS.
Signed-off-by: Feng Wu <feng.wu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Marcelo Tosatti <mtosatti@redhat.com>
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See the previous "Emulate unconditional relative jmp's" which explains
why we can not execute "jmp" out-of-line, the same applies to "call".
Emulating of rip-relative call is trivial, we only need to additionally
push the ret-address. If this fails, we execute this instruction out of
line and this should trigger the trap, the probed application should die
or the same insn will be restarted if a signal handler expands the stack.
We do not even need ->post_xol() for this case.
But there is a corner (and almost theoretical) case: another thread can
expand the stack right before we execute this insn out of line. In this
case it hit the same problem we are trying to solve. So we simply turn
the probed insn into "call 1f; 1:" and add ->post_xol() which restores
->sp and restarts.
Many thanks to Jonathan who finally found the standalone reproducer,
otherwise I would never resolve the "random SIGSEGV's under systemtap"
bug-report. Now that the problem is clear we can write the simplified
test-case:
void probe_func(void), callee(void);
int failed = 1;
asm (
".text\n"
".align 4096\n"
".globl probe_func\n"
"probe_func:\n"
"call callee\n"
"ret"
);
/*
* This assumes that:
*
* - &probe_func = 0x401000 + a_bit, aligned = 0x402000
*
* - xol_vma->vm_start = TASK_SIZE_MAX - PAGE_SIZE = 0x7fffffffe000
* as xol_add_vma() asks; the 1st slot = 0x7fffffffe080
*
* so we can target the non-canonical address from xol_vma using
* the simple math below, 100 * 4096 is just the random offset
*/
asm (".org . + 0x800000000000 - 0x7fffffffe080 - 5 - 1 + 100 * 4096\n");
void callee(void)
{
failed = 0;
}
int main(void)
{
probe_func();
return failed;
}
It SIGSEGV's if you probe "probe_func" (although this is not very reliable,
randomize_va_space/etc can change the placement of xol area).
Note: as Denys Vlasenko pointed out, amd and intel treat "callw" (0x66 0xe8)
differently. This patch relies on lib/insn.c and thus implements the intel's
behaviour: 0x66 is simply ignored. Fortunately nothing sane should ever use
this insn, so we postpone the fix until we decide what should we do; emulate
or not, support or not, etc.
Reported-by: Jonathan Lebon <jlebon@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jim Keniston <jkenisto@us.ibm.com>
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Currently we always execute all insns out-of-line, including relative
jmp's and call's. This assumes that even if regs->ip points to nowhere
after the single-step, default_post_xol_op(UPROBE_FIX_IP) logic will
update it correctly.
However, this doesn't work if this regs->ip == xol_vaddr + insn_offset
is not canonical. In this case CPU generates #GP and general_protection()
kills the task which tries to execute this insn out-of-line.
Now that we have uprobe_xol_ops we can teach uprobes to emulate these
insns and solve the problem. This patch adds branch_xol_ops which has
a single branch_emulate_op() hook, so far it can only handle rel8/32
relative jmp's.
TODO: move ->fixup into the union along with rip_rela_target_address.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Reported-by: Jonathan Lebon <jlebon@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jim Keniston <jkenisto@us.ibm.com>
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Introduce arch_uprobe->ops pointing to the "struct uprobe_xol_ops",
move the current UPROBE_FIX_{RIP*,IP,CALL} code into the default
set of methods and change arch_uprobe_pre/post_xol() accordingly.
This way we can add the new uprobe_xol_ops's to handle the insns
which need the special processing (rip-relative jmp/call at least).
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jim Keniston <jkenisto@us.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
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Pull audit updates from Eric Paris.
* git://git.infradead.org/users/eparis/audit: (28 commits)
AUDIT: make audit_is_compat depend on CONFIG_AUDIT_COMPAT_GENERIC
audit: renumber AUDIT_FEATURE_CHANGE into the 1300 range
audit: do not cast audit_rule_data pointers pointlesly
AUDIT: Allow login in non-init namespaces
audit: define audit_is_compat in kernel internal header
kernel: Use RCU_INIT_POINTER(x, NULL) in audit.c
sched: declare pid_alive as inline
audit: use uapi/linux/audit.h for AUDIT_ARCH declarations
syscall_get_arch: remove useless function arguments
audit: remove stray newline from audit_log_execve_info() audit_panic() call
audit: remove stray newlines from audit_log_lost messages
audit: include subject in login records
audit: remove superfluous new- prefix in AUDIT_LOGIN messages
audit: allow user processes to log from another PID namespace
audit: anchor all pid references in the initial pid namespace
audit: convert PPIDs to the inital PID namespace.
pid: get pid_t ppid of task in init_pid_ns
audit: rename the misleading audit_get_context() to audit_take_context()
audit: Add generic compat syscall support
audit: Add CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_AUDITSYSCALL
...
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The syscall.h headers were including linux/audit.h but really only
needed the uapi/linux/audit.h to get the requisite defines. Switch to
the uapi headers.
Signed-off-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Cc: linux-s390@vger.kernel.org
Cc: x86@kernel.org
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Every caller of syscall_get_arch() uses current for the task and no
implementors of the function need args. So just get rid of both of
those things. Admittedly, since these are inline functions we aren't
wasting stack space, but it just makes the prototypes better.
Signed-off-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Cc: linux390@de.ibm.com
Cc: x86@kernel.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-s390@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-arch@vger.kernel.org
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Move x86 over to the generic early ioremap implementation.
Signed-off-by: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
Acked-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <borislav.petkov@amd.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Dave Young <dyoung@redhat.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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This patch series takes the common bits from the x86 early ioremap
implementation and creates a generic implementation which may be used by
other architectures. The early ioremap interfaces are intended for
situations where boot code needs to make temporary virtual mappings
before the normal ioremap interfaces are available. Typically, this
means before paging_init() has run.
This patch (of 6):
There's a lot of sparse warnings for code like below: void *a =
early_memremap(phys_addr, size);
early_memremap intend to map kernel memory with ioremap facility, the
return pointer should be a kernel ram pointer instead of iomem one.
For making the function clearer and supressing sparse warnings this patch
do below two things:
1. cast to (__force void *) for the return value of early_memremap
2. add early_memunmap function and pass (__force void __iomem *) to iounmap
From Boris:
"Ingo told me yesterday, it makes sense too. I'd guess we can try it.
FWIW, all callers of early_memremap use the memory they get remapped
as normal memory so we should be safe"
Signed-off-by: Dave Young <dyoung@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
Acked-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <borislav.petkov@amd.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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The kernel has never been audited to ensure that this_cpu operations are
consistently used throughout the kernel. The code generated in many
places can be improved through the use of this_cpu operations (which
uses a segment register for relocation of per cpu offsets instead of
performing address calculations).
The patch set also addresses various consistency issues in general with
the per cpu macros.
A. The semantics of __this_cpu_ptr() differs from this_cpu_ptr only
because checks are skipped. This is typically shown through a raw_
prefix. So this patch set changes the places where __this_cpu_ptr()
is used to raw_cpu_ptr().
B. There has been the long term wish by some that __this_cpu operations
would check for preemption. However, there are cases where preemption
checks need to be skipped. This patch set adds raw_cpu operations that
do not check for preemption and then adds preemption checks to the
__this_cpu operations.
C. The use of __get_cpu_var is always a reference to a percpu variable
that can also be handled via a this_cpu operation. This patch set
replaces all uses of __get_cpu_var with this_cpu operations.
D. We can then use this_cpu RMW operations in various places replacing
sequences of instructions by a single one.
E. The use of this_cpu operations throughout will allow other arches than
x86 to implement optimized references and RMV operations to work with
per cpu local data.
F. The use of this_cpu operations opens up the possibility to
further optimize code that relies on synchronization through
per cpu data.
The patch set works in a couple of stages:
I. Patch 1 adds the additional raw_cpu operations and raw_cpu_ptr().
Also converts the existing __this_cpu_xx_# primitive in the x86
code to raw_cpu_xx_#.
II. Patch 2-4 use the raw_cpu operations in places that would give
us false positives once they are enabled.
III. Patch 5 adds preemption checks to __this_cpu operations to allow
checking if preemption is properly disabled when these functions
are used.
IV. Patches 6-20 are patches that simply replace uses of __get_cpu_var
with this_cpu_ptr. They do not depend on any changes to the percpu
code. No preemption tests are skipped if they are applied.
V. Patches 21-46 are conversion patches that use this_cpu operations
in various kernel subsystems/drivers or arch code.
VI. Patches 47/48 (not included in this series) remove no longer used
functions (__this_cpu_ptr and __get_cpu_var). These should only be
applied after all the conversion patches have made it and after we
have done additional passes through the kernel to ensure that none of
the uses of these functions remain.
This patch (of 46):
The patches following this one will add preemption checks to __this_cpu
ops so we need to have an alternative way to use this_cpu operations
without preemption checks.
raw_cpu_ops will be the basis for all other ops since these will be the
operations that do not implement any checks.
Primitive operations are renamed by this patch from __this_cpu_xxx to
raw_cpu_xxxx.
Also change the uses of the x86 percpu primitives in preempt.h.
These depend directly on asm/percpu.h (header #include nesting issue).
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <jejb@parisc-linux.org>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Alex Shi <alex.shi@intel.com>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Bryan Wu <cooloney@gmail.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
Cc: Daniel Lezcano <daniel.lezcano@linaro.org>
Cc: David Daney <david.daney@cavium.com>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Dimitri Sivanich <sivanich@sgi.com>
Cc: Dipankar Sarma <dipankar@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Cc: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Haavard Skinnemoen <hskinnemoen@gmail.com>
Cc: Hans-Christian Egtvedt <egtvedt@samfundet.no>
Cc: Hedi Berriche <hedi@sgi.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: Ivan Kokshaysky <ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru>
Cc: James Hogan <james.hogan@imgtec.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
Cc: Mike Travis <travis@sgi.com>
Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Cc: Nicolas Pitre <nicolas.pitre@linaro.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Cc: Robert Richter <rric@kernel.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Wim Van Sebroeck <wim@iguana.be>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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This ensures that BUG() always has a definition that causes a trap (via
an undefined instruction), and that the compiler still recognizes the
code following BUG() as unreachable, avoiding warnings that would
otherwise appear (such as on non-void functions that don't return a
value after BUG()).
In addition to saving a few bytes over the generic infinite-loop
implementation, this implementation traps rather than looping, which
potentially allows for better error-recovery behavior (such as by
rebooting).
Signed-off-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Reported-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/random
Pull /dev/random changes from Ted Ts'o:
"A number of cleanups plus support for the RDSEED instruction, which
will be showing up in Intel Broadwell CPU's"
* tag 'random_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/random:
random: Add arch_has_random[_seed]()
random: If we have arch_get_random_seed*(), try it before blocking
random: Use arch_get_random_seed*() at init time and once a second
x86, random: Enable the RDSEED instruction
random: use the architectural HWRNG for the SHA's IV in extract_buf()
random: clarify bits/bytes in wakeup thresholds
random: entropy_bytes is actually bits
random: simplify accounting code
random: tighten bound on random_read_wakeup_thresh
random: forget lock in lockless accounting
random: simplify accounting logic
random: fix comment on "account"
random: simplify loop in random_read
random: fix description of get_random_bytes
random: fix comment on proc_do_uuid
random: fix typos / spelling errors in comments
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Add predicate functions for having arch_get_random[_seed]*(). The
only current use is to avoid the loop in arch_random_refill() when
arch_get_random_seed_long() is unavailable.
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <michael@ellerman.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
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Upcoming Intel silicon adds a new RDSEED instruction, which is similar
to RDRAND but provides a stronger guarantee: unlike RDRAND, RDSEED
will always reseed the PRNG from the true random number source between
each read. Thus, the output of RDSEED is guaranteed to be 100%
entropic, unlike RDRAND which is only architecturally guaranteed to be
1/512 entropic (although in practice is much more.)
The RDSEED instruction takes the same time to execute as RDRAND, but
RDSEED unlike RDRAND can legitimately return failure (CF=0) due to
entropy exhaustion if too many threads on too many cores are hammering
the RDSEED instruction at the same time. Therefore, we have to be
more conservative and only use it in places where we can tolerate
failures.
This patch introduces the primitives arch_get_random_seed_{int,long}()
but does not use it yet.
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <michael@ellerman.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/xen/tip
Pull Xen features and fixes from David Vrabel:
"Support PCI devices with multiple MSIs, performance improvement for
kernel-based backends (by not populated m2p overrides when mapping),
and assorted minor bug fixes and cleanups"
* tag 'stable/for-linus-3.15-tag' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/xen/tip:
xen/acpi-processor: fix enabling interrupts on syscore_resume
xen/grant-table: Refactor gnttab_[un]map_refs to avoid m2p_override
xen: remove XEN_PRIVILEGED_GUEST
xen: add support for MSI message groups
xen-pciback: Use pci_enable_msix_exact() instead of pci_enable_msix()
xen/xenbus: remove unused xenbus_bind_evtchn()
xen/events: remove unnecessary call to bind_evtchn_to_cpu()
xen/events: remove the unused resend_irq_on_evtchn()
drivers:xen-selfballoon:reset 'frontswap_inertia_counter' after frontswap_shrink
drivers: xen: Include appropriate header file in pcpu.c
drivers: xen: Mark function as static in platform-pci.c
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The grant mapping API does m2p_override unnecessarily: only gntdev needs it,
for blkback and future netback patches it just cause a lock contention, as
those pages never go to userspace. Therefore this series does the following:
- the bulk of the original function (everything after the mapping hypercall)
is moved to arch-dependent set/clear_foreign_p2m_mapping
- the "if (xen_feature(XENFEAT_auto_translated_physmap))" branch goes to ARM
- therefore the ARM function could be much smaller, the m2p_override stubs
could be also removed
- on x86 the set_phys_to_machine calls were moved up to this new funcion
from m2p_override functions
- and m2p_override functions are only called when there is a kmap_ops param
It also removes a stray space from arch/x86/include/asm/xen/page.h.
Signed-off-by: Zoltan Kiss <zoltan.kiss@citrix.com>
Suggested-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@amazon.com>
Suggested-by: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>
Suggested-by: Stefano Stabellini <stefano.stabellini@eu.citrix.com>
Signed-off-by: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Stabellini <stefano.stabellini@eu.citrix.com>
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Pull kvm updates from Paolo Bonzini:
"PPC and ARM do not have much going on this time. Most of the cool
stuff, instead, is in s390 and (after a few releases) x86.
ARM has some caching fixes and PPC has transactional memory support in
guests. MIPS has some fixes, with more probably coming in 3.16 as
QEMU will soon get support for MIPS KVM.
For x86 there are optimizations for debug registers, which trigger on
some Windows games, and other important fixes for Windows guests. We
now expose to the guest Broadwell instruction set extensions and also
Intel MPX. There's also a fix/workaround for OS X guests, nested
virtualization features (preemption timer), and a couple kvmclock
refinements.
For s390, the main news is asynchronous page faults, together with
improvements to IRQs (floating irqs and adapter irqs) that speed up
virtio devices"
* tag 'kvm-3.15-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm: (96 commits)
KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Save/restore host PMU registers that are new in POWER8
KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Fix decrementer timeouts with non-zero TB offset
KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Don't use kvm_memslots() in real mode
KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Return ENODEV error rather than EIO
KVM: PPC: Book3S: Trim top 4 bits of physical address in RTAS code
KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Add get/set_one_reg for new TM state
KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Add transactional memory support
KVM: Specify byte order for KVM_EXIT_MMIO
KVM: vmx: fix MPX detection
KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Fix KVM hang with CONFIG_KVM_XICS=n
KVM: PPC: Book3S: Introduce hypervisor call H_GET_TCE
KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Fix incorrect userspace exit on ioeventfd write
KVM: s390: clear local interrupts at cpu initial reset
KVM: s390: Fix possible memory leak in SIGP functions
KVM: s390: fix calculation of idle_mask array size
KVM: s390: randomize sca address
KVM: ioapic: reinject pending interrupts on KVM_SET_IRQCHIP
KVM: Bump KVM_MAX_IRQ_ROUTES for s390
KVM: s390: irq routing for adapter interrupts.
KVM: s390: adapter interrupt sources
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When not running in guest-debug mode, the guest controls the debug
registers and having to take an exit for each DR access is a waste
of time. If the guest gets into a state where each context switch
causes DR to be saved and restored, this can take away as much as 40%
of the execution time from the guest.
After this patch, VMX- and SVM-specific code can set a flag in
switch_db_regs, telling vcpu_enter_guest that on the next exit the debug
registers might be dirty and need to be reloaded (syncing will be taken
care of by a new callback in kvm_x86_ops). This flag can be set on the
first access to a debug registers, so that multiple accesses to the
debug registers only cause one vmexit.
Note that since the guest will be able to read debug registers and
enable breakpoints in DR7, we need to ensure that they are synchronized
on entry to the guest---including DR6 that was not synced before.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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The next patch will add another bit that we can test with the
same "if".
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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It's no longer possible to enter enable_irq_window in guest mode when
L1 intercepts external interrupts and we are entering L2. This is now
caught in vcpu_enter_guest. So we can remove the check from the VMX
version of enable_irq_window, thus the need to return an error code from
both enable_irq_window and enable_nmi_window.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kiszka <jan.kiszka@siemens.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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Move the check for leaving L2 on pending and intercepted IRQs or NMIs
from the *_allowed handler into a dedicated callback. Invoke this
callback at the relevant points before KVM checks if IRQs/NMIs can be
injected. The callback has the task to switch from L2 to L1 if needed
and inject the proper vmexit events.
The rework fixes L2 wakeups from HLT and provides the foundation for
preemption timer emulation.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kiszka <jan.kiszka@siemens.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/maz/arm-platforms into kvm-next
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commit 0061d53daf26f introduced a mechanism to execute a global clock
update for a vm. We can apply this periodically in order to propagate
host NTP corrections. Also, if all vcpus of a vm are pinned, then
without an additional trigger, no guest NTP corrections can propagate
either, as the current trigger is only vcpu cpu migration.
Signed-off-by: Andrew Jones <drjones@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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When we update a vcpu's local clock it may pick up an NTP correction.
We can't wait an indeterminate amount of time for other vcpus to pick
up that correction, so commit 0061d53daf26f introduced a global clock
update. However, we can't request a global clock update on every vcpu
load either (which is what happens if the tsc is marked as unstable).
The solution is to rate-limit the global clock updates. Marcelo
calculated that we should delay the global clock updates no more
than 0.1s as follows:
Assume an NTP correction c is applied to one vcpu, but not the other,
then in n seconds the delta of the vcpu system_timestamps will be
c * n. If we assume a correction of 500ppm (worst-case), then the two
vcpus will diverge 50us in 0.1s, which is a considerable amount.
Signed-off-by: Andrew Jones <drjones@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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From caddc009a6d2019034af8f2346b2fd37a81608d0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Liu Jinsong <jinsong.liu@intel.com>
Date: Mon, 24 Feb 2014 18:11:11 +0800
Subject: [PATCH v5 1/3] KVM: x86: Intel MPX vmx and msr handle
This patch handle vmx and msr of Intel MPX feature.
Signed-off-by: Xudong Hao <xudong.hao@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Liu Jinsong <jinsong.liu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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From 00c920c96127d20d4c3bb790082700ae375c39a0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Liu Jinsong <jinsong.liu@intel.com>
Date: Fri, 21 Feb 2014 23:47:18 +0800
Subject: [PATCH] KVM: x86: Fix xsave cpuid exposing bug
EBX of cpuid(0xD, 0) is dynamic per XCR0 features enable/disable.
Bit 63 of XCR0 is reserved for future expansion.
Signed-off-by: Liu Jinsong <jinsong.liu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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Remove unused last_kernel_ns variable.
Signed-off-by: Marcelo Tosatti <mtosatti@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull x86 old platform removal from Peter Anvin:
"This patchset removes support for several completely obsolete
platforms, where the maintainers either have completely vanished or
acked the removal. For some of them it is questionable if there even
exists functional specimens of the hardware"
Geert Uytterhoeven apparently thought this was a April Fool's pull request ;)
* 'x86-nuke-platforms-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
x86, platforms: Remove NUMAQ
x86, platforms: Remove SGI Visual Workstation
x86, apic: Remove support for IBM Summit/EXA chipset
x86, apic: Remove support for ia32-based Unisys ES7000
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The NUMAQ support seems to be unmaintained, remove it.
Cc: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/n/530CFD6C.7040705@zytor.com
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The SGI Visual Workstation seems to be dead; remove support so we
don't have to continue maintaining it.
Cc: Andrey Panin <pazke@donpac.ru>
Cc: Michael Reed <mdr@sgi.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/530CFD6C.7040705@zytor.com
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull x86 vdso changes from Peter Anvin:
"This is the revamp of the 32-bit vdso and the associated cleanups.
This adds timekeeping support to the 32-bit vdso that we already have
in the 64-bit vdso. Although 32-bit x86 is legacy, it is likely to
remain in the embedded space for a very long time to come.
This removes the traditional COMPAT_VDSO support; the configuration
variable is reused for simply removing the 32-bit vdso, which will
produce correct results but obviously suffer a performance penalty.
Only one beta version of glibc was affected, but that version was
unfortunately included in one OpenSUSE release.
This is not the end of the vdso cleanups. Stefani and Andy have
agreed to continue work for the next kernel cycle; in fact Andy has
already produced another set of cleanups that came too late for this
cycle.
An incidental, but arguably important, change is that this ensures
that unused space in the VVAR page is properly zeroed. It wasn't
before, and would contain whatever garbage was left in memory by BIOS
or the bootloader. Since the VVAR page is accessible to user space
this had the potential of information leaks"
* 'x86-vdso-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (23 commits)
x86, vdso: Fix the symbol versions on the 32-bit vDSO
x86, vdso, build: Don't rebuild 32-bit vdsos on every make
x86, vdso: Actually discard the .discard sections
x86, vdso: Fix size of get_unmapped_area()
x86, vdso: Finish removing VDSO32_PRELINK
x86, vdso: Move more vdso definitions into vdso.h
x86: Load the 32-bit vdso in place, just like the 64-bit vdsos
x86, vdso32: handle 32 bit vDSO larger one page
x86, vdso32: Disable stack protector, adjust optimizations
x86, vdso: Zero-pad the VVAR page
x86, vdso: Add 32 bit VDSO time support for 64 bit kernel
x86, vdso: Add 32 bit VDSO time support for 32 bit kernel
x86, vdso: Patch alternatives in the 32-bit VDSO
x86, vdso: Introduce VVAR marco for vdso32
x86, vdso: Cleanup __vdso_gettimeofday()
x86, vdso: Replace VVAR(vsyscall_gtod_data) by gtod macro
x86, vdso: __vdso_clock_gettime() cleanup
x86, vdso: Revamp vclock_gettime.c
mm: Add new func _install_special_mapping() to mmap.c
x86, vdso: Make vsyscall_gtod_data handling x86 generic
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It's a declaration of a nonexistent symbol. We can get rid of the
64-bit versions, too, but that's more intrusive.
Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Stefani Seibold <stefani@seibold.net>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/2ce2ce18447d8a0b78d44a278a066b6c0af06b32.1395366931.git.luto@amacapital.net
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
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