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* drivers/misc/isl29003.c: driver for the ISL29003 ambient light sensorDaniel Mack2009-04-014-0/+543
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Add a driver for Intersil's ISL29003 ambient light sensor device plus some documentation. Inspired by tsl2550.c, a driver for a similar device. It is put in drivers/misc for now until the industrial I/O framework gets merged. Signed-off-by: Daniel Mack <daniel@caiaq.de> Acked-by: Jonathan Cameron <jic23@cam.ac.uk> Cc: Jean Delvare <khali@linux-fr.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* hpilo: reduce frequency of IO operationsDavid Altobelli2009-04-012-4/+8
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Change hpilo open and close logic to spin for 10usec between checking device, rather than every usec. Because the loop is coded to take up to 10ms, it seemed prudent to increase the interval between polling the device, to reduce the load on the system and allow more other work to happen. Signed-off-by: David Altobelli <david.altobelli@hp.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* ntfs: remove private wrapper of endian helpersHarvey Harrison2009-04-017-227/+215
| | | | | | | | | | The base versions handle constant folding now and are shorter than these private wrappers, use them directly. Signed-off-by: Harvey Harrison <harvey.harrison@gmail.com> Cc: Anton Altaparmakov <aia21@cantab.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* introduce pr_cont() macroCyrill Gorcunov2009-04-011-0/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | We cover all log-levels by pr_... macros except KERN_CONT one. Add it for convenience. Signed-off-by: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Harvey Harrison <harvey.harrison@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* init/main.c: fix sparse warnings: context imbalanceHannes Eder2009-04-011-0/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Impact: Attribute function 'init_post' with __releases(...). Fix these sparse warnings: init/main.c:805:21: warning: context imbalance in 'init_post' - unexpected unlock init/main.c:899:9: warning: context imbalance in 'kernel_init' - wrong count at exit Signed-off-by: Hannes Eder <hannes@hanneseder.net> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* bcm47xx: fix GPIO API return codesMichael Buesch2009-04-011-8/+12
| | | | | | | | | | | | The GPIO API is supposed to return 0 or a negative error code, but the SSB GPIO functions return the bitmask of the GPIO register. Fix this by ignoring the bitmask and always returning 0. The SSB GPIO functions can't fail. Signed-off-by: Michael Buesch <mb@bu3sch.de> Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org> Cc: David Brownell <david-b@pacbell.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* auxdisplay: remove PARPORT dependencyH Hartley Sweeten2009-04-011-2/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | Remove PARPORT dependency for Auxiliary Display support. This is not needed since the dependency for the KS0108 driver is PARPORT_PC. Signed-off-by: H Hartley Sweeten <hsweeten@visionengravers.com> Cc: Miguel Ojeda Sandonis <miguel.ojeda.sandonis@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* remove unused include/asm-generic/dma-mapping.hFUJITA Tomonori2009-04-011-308/+0
| | | | | | | Signed-off-by: FUJITA Tomonori <fujita.tomonori@lab.ntt.co.jp> Cc: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* filesystem freeze: allow SysRq emergency thaw to thaw frozen filesystemsEric Sandeen2009-04-014-1/+57
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Now that the filesystem freeze operation has been elevated to the VFS, and is just an ioctl away, some sort of safety net for unintentionally frozen root filesystems may be in order. The timeout thaw originally proposed did not get merged, but perhaps something like this would be useful in emergencies. For example, freeze /path/to/mountpoint may freeze your root filesystem if you forgot that you had that unmounted. I chose 'j' as the last remaining character other than 'h' which is sort of reserved for help (because help is generated on any unknown character). I've tested this on a non-root fs with multiple (nested) freezers, as well as on a system rendered unresponsive due to a frozen root fs. [randy.dunlap@oracle.com: emergency thaw only if CONFIG_BLOCK enabled] Signed-off-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com> Cc: Takashi Sato <t-sato@yk.jp.nec.com> Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* lib/rbtree.c: optimize rb_erase()Wolfram Strepp2009-04-011-10/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Tfour 4 redundant if-conditions in function __rb_erase_color() in lib/rbtree.c are removed. In pseudo-source-code, the structure of the code is as follows: if ((!A || B) && (!C || D)) { . . . } else { if (!C || D) {//if this is true, it implies: (A == true) && (B == false) if (A) {//hence this always evaluates to 'true'... . } . //at this point, C always becomes true, because of: __rb_rotate_right/left(); //and: other = parent->rb_right/left; } . . if (C) {//...and this too ! . } } Signed-off-by: Wolfram Strepp <wstrepp@gmx.de> Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <andrea@qumranet.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* loop: add ioctl to resize a loop deviceJ. R. Okajima2009-04-012-0/+31
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Add the ability to 'resize' the loop device on the fly. One practical application is a loop file with XFS filesystem, already mounted: You can easily enlarge the file (append some bytes) and then call ioctl(fd, LOOP_SET_CAPACITY, new); The loop driver will learn about the new size and you can use xfs_growfs later on, which will allow you to use full capacity of the loop file without the need to unmount. Test app: #include <linux/fs.h> #include <linux/loop.h> #include <sys/ioctl.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <assert.h> #include <errno.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <unistd.h> #define _GNU_SOURCE #include <getopt.h> char *me; void usage(FILE *f) { fprintf(f, "%s [options] loop_dev [backend_file]\n" "-s, --set new_size_in_bytes\n" "\twhen backend_file is given, " "it will be expanded too while keeping the original contents\n", me); } struct option opts[] = { { .name = "set", .has_arg = 1, .flag = NULL, .val = 's' }, { .name = "help", .has_arg = 0, .flag = NULL, .val = 'h' } }; void err_size(char *name, __u64 old) { fprintf(stderr, "size must be larger than current %s (%llu)\n", name, old); } int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { int fd, err, c, i, bfd; ssize_t ssz; size_t sz; __u64 old, new, append; char a[BUFSIZ]; struct stat st; FILE *out; char *backend, *dev; err = EINVAL; out = stderr; me = argv[0]; new = 0; while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "s:h", opts, &i)) != -1) { switch (c) { case 's': errno = 0; new = strtoull(optarg, NULL, 0); if (errno) { err = errno; perror(argv[i]); goto out; } break; case 'h': err = 0; out = stdout; goto err; default: perror(argv[i]); goto err; } } if (optind < argc) dev = argv[optind++]; else goto err; fd = open(dev, O_RDONLY); if (fd < 0) { err = errno; perror(dev); goto out; } err = ioctl(fd, BLKGETSIZE64, &old); if (err) { err = errno; perror("ioctl BLKGETSIZE64"); goto out; } if (!new) { printf("%llu\n", old); goto out; } if (new < old) { err = EINVAL; err_size(dev, old); goto out; } if (optind < argc) { backend = argv[optind++]; bfd = open(backend, O_WRONLY|O_APPEND); if (bfd < 0) { err = errno; perror(backend); goto out; } err = fstat(bfd, &st); if (err) { err = errno; perror(backend); goto out; } if (new < st.st_size) { err = EINVAL; err_size(backend, st.st_size); goto out; } append = new - st.st_size; sz = sizeof(a); while (append > 0) { if (append < sz) sz = append; ssz = write(bfd, a, sz); if (ssz != sz) { err = errno; perror(backend); goto out; } append -= sz; } err = fsync(bfd); if (err) { err = errno; perror(backend); goto out; } } err = ioctl(fd, LOOP_SET_CAPACITY, new); if (err) { err = errno; perror("ioctl LOOP_SET_CAPACITY"); } goto out; err: usage(out); out: return err; } Signed-off-by: J. R. Okajima <hooanon05@yahoo.co.jp> Signed-off-by: Tomas Matejicek <tomas@slax.org> Cc: <util-linux-ng@vger.kernel.org> Cc: Karel Zak <kzak@redhat.com> Cc: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com> Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Cc: Akinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com> Cc: <linux-api@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* uml: remove useless commentsWANG Cong2009-04-0131-310/+0
| | | | | | | | | These comments are useless now, remove them. Signed-off-by: WANG Cong <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com> Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* uml: improve error messagesWANG Cong2009-04-011-4/+4
| | | | | | | | | These error messages are from check_sysemu(), not check_ptrace(). Signed-off-by: WANG Cong <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com> Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* uml: don't use a too long string literalWANG Cong2009-04-012-5/+9
| | | | | | | | | | | | uml uses a concatenated string literal to store the contents of .config, but .config file content is varaible, it can be very long. Use an array of string literals instead. Signed-off-by: WANG Cong <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com> Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* ubd: stop defintining MAJOR_NRChristoph Hellwig2009-04-011-9/+8
| | | | | | | | | | MAJOR_NR isn't needed anymore since very early 2.5 kernels. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes] Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* pm: cleanup includesMagnus Damm2009-04-012-27/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Remove unused/duplicate cruft from asm/suspend.h: - x86_32: remove unused acpi code - powerpc: remove duplicate prototypes, see linux/suspend.h Signed-off-by: Magnus Damm <damm@igel.co.jp> Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org> Acked-by: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* pm: rework includes, remove arch ifdefsMagnus Damm2009-04-018-3/+7
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Make the following header file changes: - remove arch ifdefs and asm/suspend.h from linux/suspend.h - add asm/suspend.h to disk.c (for arch_prepare_suspend()) - add linux/io.h to swsusp.c (for ioremap()) - x86 32/64 bit compile fixes Signed-off-by: Magnus Damm <damm@igel.co.jp> Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org> Acked-by: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* alpha: convert u64 to unsigned long longRandy Dunlap2009-04-0114-74/+78
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Convert alpha architecture to use u64 as unsigned long long. This is being done so that (a) all arches use u64 as unsigned long long and (b) printk of a u64 as %ll[ux] will not generate format warnings by gcc. The only gcc cross-compiler that I have is 4.0.2, which generates errors about miscompiling __weak references, so I have commented out that line in compiler-gcc4.h so that most of these compile, but more builds and real machine testing would be Real Good. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix warning] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix build] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes] Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com> Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net> Cc: Ivan Kokshaysky <ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru> From: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* alpha: xchg/cmpxchg cleanup and fixesIvan Kokshaysky2009-04-012-497/+308
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - "_local" versions of xchg/cmpxchg functions duplicate code of non-local ones (quite a few pages of assembler), except memory barriers. We can generate these two variants from a single header file using simple macros; - convert xchg macro back to inline function using always_inline attribute; - use proper argument types for cmpxchg_u8/u16 functions to fix a problem with negative arguments. Signed-off-by: Ivan Kokshaysky <ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru> Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* MAINTAINERS: add the missing linux alpha port mailling listCheng Renquan2009-04-011-0/+1
| | | | | | | | Signed-off-by: Cheng Renquan <crquan@gmail.com> Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net> Cc: Ivan Kokshaysky <ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* alpha: fix macrosRoel Kluin2009-04-011-6/+6
| | | | | | | | | | | When this macros isn't called with 'fixup', e.g. with foo this will incorectly expand to foo->foo.bits.errreg Signed-off-by: Roel Kluin <roel.kluin@gmail.com> Cc: Ivan Kokshaysky <ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru> Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* shmem: writepage directly to swapHugh Dickins2009-04-012-2/+6
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Synopsis: if shmem_writepage calls swap_writepage directly, most shmem swap loads benefit, and a catastrophic interaction between SLUB and some flash storage is avoided. shmem_writepage() has always been peculiar in making no attempt to write: it has just transferred a shmem page from file cache to swap cache, then let that page make its way around the LRU again before being written and freed. The idea was that people use tmpfs because they want those pages to stay in RAM; so although we give it an overflow to swap, we should resist writing too soon, giving those pages a second chance before they can be reclaimed. That was always questionable, and I've toyed with this patch for years; but never had a clear justification to depart from the original design. It became more questionable in 2.6.28, when the split LRU patches classed shmem and tmpfs pages as SwapBacked rather than as file_cache: that in itself gives them more resistance to reclaim than normal file pages. I prepared this patch for 2.6.29, but the merge window arrived before I'd completed gathering statistics to justify sending it in. Then while comparing SLQB against SLUB, running SLUB on a laptop I'd habitually used with SLAB, I found SLUB to run my tmpfs kbuild swapping tests five times slower than SLAB or SLQB - other machines slower too, but nowhere near so bad. Simpler "cp -a" swapping tests showed the same. slub_max_order=0 brings sanity to all, but heavy swapping is too far from normal to justify such a tuning. The crucial factor on that laptop turns out to be that I'm using an SD card for swap. What happens is this: By default, SLUB uses order-2 pages for shmem_inode_cache (and many other fs inodes), so creating tmpfs files under memory pressure brings lumpy reclaim into play. One subpage of the order is chosen from the bottom of the LRU as usual, then the other three picked out from their random positions on the LRUs. In a tmpfs load, many of these pages will be ones which already passed through shmem_writepage, so already have swap allocated. And though their offsets on swap were probably allocated sequentially, now that the pages are picked off at random, their swap offsets are scattered. But the flash storage on the SD card is very sensitive to having its writes merged: once swap is written at scattered offsets, performance falls apart. Rotating disk seeks increase too, but less disastrously. So: stop giving shmem/tmpfs pages a second pass around the LRU, write them out to swap as soon as their swap has been allocated. It's surely possible to devise an artificial load which runs faster the old way, one whose sizing is such that the tmpfs pages on their second pass are the ones that are wanted again, and other pages not. But I've not yet found such a load: on all machines, under the loads I've tried, immediate swap_writepage speeds up shmem swapping: especially when using the SLUB allocator (and more effectively than slub_max_order=0), but also with the others; and it also reduces the variance between runs. How much faster varies widely: a factor of five is rare, 5% is common. One load which might have suffered: imagine a swapping shmem load in a limited mem_cgroup on a machine with plenty of memory. Before 2.6.29 the swapcache was not charged, and such a load would have run quickest with the shmem swapcache never written to swap. But now swapcache is charged, so even this load benefits from shmem_writepage directly to swap. Apologies for the #ifndef CONFIG_SWAP swap_writepage() stub in swap.h: it's silly because that will never get called; but refactoring shmem.c sensibly according to CONFIG_SWAP will be a separate task. Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Acked-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi> Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* vmscan: fix it to take care of nodemaskKAMEZAWA Hiroyuki2009-04-014-5/+15
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | try_to_free_pages() is used for the direct reclaim of up to SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX pages when watermarks are low. The caller to alloc_pages_nodemask() can specify a nodemask of nodes that are allowed to be used but this is not passed to try_to_free_pages(). This can lead to unnecessary reclaim of pages that are unusable by the caller and int the worst case lead to allocation failure as progress was not been make where it is needed. This patch passes the nodemask used for alloc_pages_nodemask() to try_to_free_pages(). Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* ramfs-nommu: use generic lru cacheJohannes Weiner2009-04-011-11/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Instead of open-coding the lru-list-add pagevec batching when expanding a file mapping from zero, defer to the appropriate page cache function that also takes care of adding the page to the lru list. This is cleaner, saves code and reduces the stack footprint by 16 words worth of pagevec. Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Acked-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de> Acked-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.com> Cc: MinChan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com> Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com> Cc: Greg Ungerer <gerg@snapgear.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* vmscan: print shrink_slab symbol name on negative shrinker objectsDavid Rientjes2009-04-011-2/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | When a shrinker has a negative number of objects to delete, the symbol name of the shrinker should be printed, not shrink_slab. This also makes the error message slightly more informative. Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* nommu: make CONFIG_UNEVICTABLE_LRU available when CONFIG_MMU=nDavid Howells2009-04-011-1/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Make CONFIG_UNEVICTABLE_LRU available when CONFIG_MMU=n. There's no logical reason it shouldn't be available, and it can be used for ramfs. Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Cc: Greg Ungerer <gerg@snapgear.com> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com> Cc: Enrik Berkhan <Enrik.Berkhan@ge.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* nommu: there is no mlock() for NOMMU, so don't provide the bitsDavid Howells2009-04-013-10/+26
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The mlock() facility does not exist for NOMMU since all mappings are effectively locked anyway, so we don't make the bits available when they're not useful. Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Cc: Greg Ungerer <gerg@snapgear.com> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com> Cc: Enrik Berkhan <Enrik.Berkhan@ge.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: use debug_kmap_atomicAkinobu Mita2009-04-017-0/+12
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Use debug_kmap_atomic in kmap_atomic, kmap_atomic_pfn, and iomap_atomic_prot_pfn. Signed-off-by: Akinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: <linux-arch@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: introduce debug_kmap_atomicAkinobu Mita2009-04-013-44/+58
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | x86 has debug_kmap_atomic_prot() which is error checking function for kmap_atomic. It is usefull for the other architectures, although it needs CONFIG_TRACE_IRQFLAGS_SUPPORT. This patch exposes it to the other architectures. Signed-off-by: Akinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: <linux-arch@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: page_mkwrite change prototype to match fault: fix sysfsHugh Dickins2009-04-011-4/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Fix warnings and return values in sysfs bin_page_mkwrite(), fixing fs/sysfs/bin.c: In function `bin_page_mkwrite': fs/sysfs/bin.c:250: warning: passing argument 2 of `bb->vm_ops->page_mkwrite' from incompatible pointer type fs/sysfs/bin.c: At top level: fs/sysfs/bin.c:280: warning: initialization from incompatible pointer type Expects to have my [PATCH next] sysfs: fix some bin_vm_ops errors Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de> Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@aristanetworks.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* fs: fix page_mkwrite error cases in core code and btrfsNick Piggin2009-04-012-8/+15
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | page_mkwrite is called with neither the page lock nor the ptl held. This means a page can be concurrently truncated or invalidated out from underneath it. Callers are supposed to prevent truncate races themselves, however previously the only thing they can do in case they hit one is to raise a SIGBUS. A sigbus is wrong for the case that the page has been invalidated or truncated within i_size (eg. hole punched). Callers may also have to perform memory allocations in this path, where again, SIGBUS would be wrong. The previous patch ("mm: page_mkwrite change prototype to match fault") made it possible to properly specify errors. Convert the generic buffer.c code and btrfs to return sane error values (in the case of page removed from pagecache, VM_FAULT_NOPAGE will cause the fault handler to exit without doing anything, and the fault will be retried properly). This fixes core code, and converts btrfs as a template/example. All other filesystems defining their own page_mkwrite should be fixed in a similar manner. Acked-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: page_mkwrite change prototype to match faultNick Piggin2009-04-0116-23/+65
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Change the page_mkwrite prototype to take a struct vm_fault, and return VM_FAULT_xxx flags. There should be no functional change. This makes it possible to return much more detailed error information to the VM (and also can provide more information eg. virtual_address to the driver, which might be important in some special cases). This is required for a subsequent fix. And will also make it easier to merge page_mkwrite() with fault() in future. Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de> Cc: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com> Cc: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@fys.uio.no> Cc: Miklos Szeredi <miklos@szeredi.hu> Cc: Steven Whitehouse <swhiteho@redhat.com> Cc: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.com> Cc: Joel Becker <joel.becker@oracle.com> Cc: Artem Bityutskiy <dedekind@infradead.org> Cc: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: enable hashdist by default on 64bit NUMAAnton Blanchard2009-04-011-3/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | On PowerPC we allocate large boot time hashes on node 0. This leads to an imbalance in the free memory, for example on a 64GB box (4 x 16GB nodes): Free memory: Node 0: 97.03% Node 1: 98.54% Node 2: 98.42% Node 3: 98.53% If we switch to using vmalloc (like ia64 and x86-64) things are more balanced: Free memory: Node 0: 97.53% Node 1: 98.35% Node 2: 98.33% Node 3: 98.33% For many HPC applications we are limited by the free available memory on the smallest node, so even though the same amount of memory is used the better balancing helps. Since all 64bit NUMA capable architectures should have sufficient vmalloc space, it makes sense to enable it via CONFIG_64BIT. Signed-off-by: Anton Blanchard <anton@samba.org> Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Acked-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Acked-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org> Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com> Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com> Cc: Ivan Kokshaysky <ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru> Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: fix proc_dointvec_userhz_jiffies "breakage"Alexey Dobriyan2009-04-013-12/+14
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Addresses http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=9838 On i386, HZ=1000, jiffies_to_clock_t() converts time in a somewhat strange way from the user's point of view: # echo 500 >/proc/sys/vm/dirty_writeback_centisecs # cat /proc/sys/vm/dirty_writeback_centisecs 499 So, we have 5000 jiffies converted to only 499 clock ticks and reported back. TICK_NSEC = 999848 ACTHZ = 256039 Keeping in-kernel variable in units passed from userspace will fix issue of course, but this probably won't be right for every sysctl. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes] Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* generic debug pageallocAkinobu Mita2009-04-0116-19/+202
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC is now supported by x86, powerpc, sparc64, and s390. This patch implements it for the rest of the architectures by filling the pages with poison byte patterns after free_pages() and verifying the poison patterns before alloc_pages(). This generic one cannot detect invalid page accesses immediately but invalid read access may cause invalid dereference by poisoned memory and invalid write access can be detected after a long delay. Signed-off-by: Akinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com> Cc: <linux-arch@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* memdup_user(): introduceLi Zefan2009-04-012-0/+31
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | I notice there are many places doing copy_from_user() which follows kmalloc(): dst = kmalloc(len, GFP_KERNEL); if (!dst) return -ENOMEM; if (copy_from_user(dst, src, len)) { kfree(dst); return -EFAULT } memdup_user() is a wrapper of the above code. With this new function, we don't have to write 'len' twice, which can lead to typos/mistakes. It also produces smaller code and kernel text. A quick grep shows 250+ places where memdup_user() *may* be used. I'll prepare a patchset to do this conversion. Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com> Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Americo Wang <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com> Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* hugetlb: chg cannot become less than 0Roel Kluin2009-04-011-3/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | chg is unsigned, so it cannot be less than 0. Also, since region_chg returns long, let vma_needs_reservation() forward this to alloc_huge_page(). Store it as long as well. all callers cast it to long anyway. Signed-off-by: Roel Kluin <roel.kluin@gmail.com> Cc: Andy Whitcroft <apw@shadowen.org> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: Adam Litke <agl@us.ibm.com> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@saeurebad.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: remove pagevec_swap_free()KOSAKI Motohiro2009-04-012-24/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | pagevec_swap_free() is now unused. Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: don't free swap slots on page deactivationJohannes Weiner2009-04-011-3/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The pagevec_swap_free() at the end of shrink_active_list() was introduced in 68a22394 "vmscan: free swap space on swap-in/activation" when shrink_active_list() was still rotating referenced active pages. In 7e9cd48 "vmscan: fix pagecache reclaim referenced bit check" this was changed, the rotating removed but the pagevec_swap_free() after the rotation loop was forgotten, applying now to the pagevec of the deactivation loop instead. Now swap space is freed for deactivated pages. And only for those that happen to be on the pagevec after the deactivation loop. Complete 7e9cd48 and remove the rest of the swap freeing. Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: move pagevec stripping to save unlock-relockJohannes Weiner2009-04-011-5/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | In shrink_active_list() after the deactivation loop, we strip buffer heads from the potentially remaining pages in the pagevec. Currently, this drops the zone's lru lock for stripping, only to reacquire it again afterwards to update statistics. It is not necessary to strip the pages before updating the stats, so move the whole thing out of the protected region and save the extra locking. Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Reviewed-by: MinChan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: reintroduce and deprecate rlimit based access for SHM_HUGETLBRavikiran G Thirumalai2009-04-012-2/+23
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Allow non root users with sufficient mlock rlimits to be able to allocate hugetlb backed shm for now. Deprecate this though. This is being deprecated because the mlock based rlimit checks for SHM_HUGETLB is not consistent with mmap based huge page allocations. Signed-off-by: Ravikiran Thirumalai <kiran@scalex86.org> Reviewed-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: William Lee Irwin III <wli@holomorphy.com> Cc: Adam Litke <agl@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: fix SHM_HUGETLB to work with users in hugetlb_shm_groupRavikiran G Thirumalai2009-04-011-7/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Fix hugetlb subsystem so that non root users belonging to hugetlb_shm_group can actually allocate hugetlb backed shm. Currently non root users cannot even map one large page using SHM_HUGETLB when they belong to the gid in /proc/sys/vm/hugetlb_shm_group. This is because allocation size is verified against RLIMIT_MEMLOCK resource limit even if the user belongs to hugetlb_shm_group. This patch 1. Fixes hugetlb subsystem so that users with CAP_IPC_LOCK and users belonging to hugetlb_shm_group don't need to be restricted with RLIMIT_MEMLOCK resource limits 2. This patch also disables mlock based rlimit checking (which will be reinstated and marked deprecated in a subsequent patch). Signed-off-by: Ravikiran Thirumalai <kiran@scalex86.org> Reviewed-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: William Lee Irwin III <wli@holomorphy.com> Cc: Adam Litke <agl@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* vfs: add/use account_page_dirtied()Edward Shishkin2009-04-013-15/+17
| | | | | | | | | | Add a helper function account_page_dirtied(). Use that from two callsites. reiser4 adds a function which adds a third callsite. Signed-off-by: Edward Shishkin<edward.shishkin@gmail.com> Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* vmscan: respect higher order in zone_reclaim()Johannes Weiner2009-04-011-0/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | During page allocation, there are two stages of direct reclaim that are applied to each zone in the preferred list. The first stage using zone_reclaim() reclaims unmapped file backed pages and slab pages if over defined limits as these are cheaper to reclaim. The caller specifies the order of the target allocation but the scan control is not being correctly initialised. The impact is that the correct number of pages are being reclaimed but that lumpy reclaim is not being applied. This increases the chances of a full direct reclaim via try_to_free_pages() is required. This patch initialises the order field of the scan control as requested by the caller. [mel@csn.ul.ie: rewrote changelog] Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: Andy Whitcroft <apw@shadowen.org> Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: add comment why mark_page_accessed() would be better than pte_mkyoung() ↵KOSAKI Motohiro2009-04-011-0/+5
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | in follow_page() At first look, mark_page_accessed() in follow_page() seems a bit strange. It seems pte_mkyoung() would be better consistent with other kernel code. However, it is intentional. The commit log said: ------------------------------------------------ commit 9e45f61d69be9024a2e6bef3831fb04d90fac7a8 Author: akpm <akpm> Date: Fri Aug 15 07:24:59 2003 +0000 [PATCH] Use mark_page_accessed() in follow_page() Touching a page via follow_page() counts as a reference so we should be either setting the referenced bit in the pte or running mark_page_accessed(). Altering the pte is tricky because we haven't implemented an atomic pte_mkyoung(). And mark_page_accessed() is better anyway because it has more aging state: it can move the page onto the active list. BKrev: 3f3c8acbplT8FbwBVGtth7QmnqWkIw ------------------------------------------------ The atomic issue is still true nowadays. adding comment help to understand code intention and it would be better. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: clarify text] Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* vmscan: clip swap_cluster_max in shrink_all_memory()Johannes Weiner2009-04-011-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | shrink_inactive_list() scans in sc->swap_cluster_max chunks until it hits the scan limit it was passed. shrink_inactive_list() { do { isolate_pages(swap_cluster_max) shrink_page_list() } while (nr_scanned < max_scan); } This assumes that swap_cluster_max is not bigger than the scan limit because the latter is checked only after at least one iteration. In shrink_all_memory() sc->swap_cluster_max is initialized to the overall reclaim goal in the beginning but not decreased while reclaim is making progress which leads to subsequent calls to shrink_inactive_list() reclaiming way too much in the one iteration that is done unconditionally. Set sc->swap_cluster_max always to the proper goal before doing shrink_all_zones() shrink_list() shrink_inactive_list(). While the current shrink_all_memory() happily reclaims more than actually requested, this patch fixes it to never exceed the goal: unpatched wanted=10000 reclaimed=13356 wanted=10000 reclaimed=19711 wanted=10000 reclaimed=10289 wanted=10000 reclaimed=17306 wanted=10000 reclaimed=10700 wanted=10000 reclaimed=10004 wanted=10000 reclaimed=13301 wanted=10000 reclaimed=10976 wanted=10000 reclaimed=10605 wanted=10000 reclaimed=10088 wanted=10000 reclaimed=15000 patched wanted=10000 reclaimed=10000 wanted=10000 reclaimed=9599 wanted=10000 reclaimed=8476 wanted=10000 reclaimed=8326 wanted=10000 reclaimed=10000 wanted=10000 reclaimed=10000 wanted=10000 reclaimed=9919 wanted=10000 reclaimed=10000 wanted=10000 reclaimed=10000 wanted=10000 reclaimed=10000 wanted=10000 reclaimed=10000 wanted=10000 reclaimed=9624 wanted=10000 reclaimed=10000 wanted=10000 reclaimed=10000 wanted=8500 reclaimed=8092 wanted=316 reclaimed=316 Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Reviewed-by: MinChan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com> Acked-by: Nigel Cunningham <ncunningham@crca.org.au> Acked-by: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl> Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: shrink_all_memory(): use sc.nr_reclaimedMinChan Kim2009-04-011-22/+24
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Commit a79311c14eae4bb946a97af25f3e1b17d625985d "vmscan: bail out of direct reclaim after swap_cluster_max pages" moved the nr_reclaimed counter into the scan control to accumulate the number of all reclaimed pages in a reclaim invocation. shrink_all_memory() can use the same mechanism. it increase code consistency and redability. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes] Signed-off-by: MinChan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: don't call mark_page_accessed() in do_swap_page()KOSAKI Motohiro2009-04-011-2/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | commit bf3f3bc5e734706730c12a323f9b2068052aa1f0 (mm: don't mark_page_accessed in fault path) only remove the mark_page_accessed() in filemap_fault(). Therefore, swap-backed pages and file-backed pages have inconsistent behavior. mark_page_accessed() should be removed from do_swap_page(). Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: introduce for_each_populated_zone() macroKOSAKI Motohiro2009-04-016-48/+27
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Impact: cleanup In almost cases, for_each_zone() is used with populated_zone(). It's because almost function doesn't need memoryless node information. Therefore, for_each_populated_zone() can help to make code simplify. This patch has no functional change. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: small cleanup] Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Reviewed-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* vmscan: rename sc.may_swap to may_unmapJohannes Weiner2009-04-011-10/+10
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | sc.may_swap does not only influence reclaiming of anon pages but pages mapped into pagetables in general, which also includes mapped file pages. In shrink_page_list(): if (!sc->may_swap && page_mapped(page)) goto keep_locked; For anon pages, this makes sense as they are always mapped and reclaiming them always requires swapping. But mapped file pages are skipped here as well and it has nothing to do with swapping. The real effect of the knob is whether mapped pages are unmapped and reclaimed or not. Rename it to `may_unmap' to have its name match its actual meaning more precisely. Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Reviewed-by: MinChan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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