diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation')
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/00-INDEX | 2 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/devicetree/bindings/ata/atmel-at91_cf.txt | 19 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/devicetree/bindings/extcon/extcon-twl.txt | 15 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/devicetree/bindings/memory-controllers/mvebu-devbus.txt | 156 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/fmc/00-INDEX | 38 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/fmc/API.txt | 47 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/fmc/FMC-and-SDB.txt | 88 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/fmc/carrier.txt | 311 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/fmc/fmc-chardev.txt | 64 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/fmc/fmc-fakedev.txt | 36 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/fmc/fmc-trivial.txt | 17 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/fmc/fmc-write-eeprom.txt | 125 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/fmc/identifiers.txt | 168 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/fmc/mezzanine.txt | 123 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/fmc/parameters.txt | 56 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/w1/w1.generic | 4 |
16 files changed, 1267 insertions, 2 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/00-INDEX b/Documentation/00-INDEX index 45b3df9..0c4cc68 100644 --- a/Documentation/00-INDEX +++ b/Documentation/00-INDEX @@ -187,6 +187,8 @@ firmware_class/ - request_firmware() hotplug interface info. flexible-arrays.txt - how to make use of flexible sized arrays in linux +fmc/ + - information about the FMC bus abstraction frv/ - Fujitsu FR-V Linux documentation. futex-requeue-pi.txt diff --git a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/ata/atmel-at91_cf.txt b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/ata/atmel-at91_cf.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c1d22b3 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/ata/atmel-at91_cf.txt @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +Atmel AT91RM9200 CompactFlash + +Required properties: +- compatible : "atmel,at91rm9200-cf". +- reg : should specify localbus address and size used. +- gpios : specifies the gpio pins to control the CF device. Detect + and reset gpio's are mandatory while irq and vcc gpio's are + optional and may be set to 0 if not present. + +Example: +compact-flash@50000000 { + compatible = "atmel,at91rm9200-cf"; + reg = <0x50000000 0x30000000>; + gpios = <&pioC 13 0 /* irq */ + &pioC 15 0 /* detect */ + 0 /* vcc */ + &pioC 5 0 /* reset */ + >; +}; diff --git a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/extcon/extcon-twl.txt b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/extcon/extcon-twl.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..58f531a --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/extcon/extcon-twl.txt @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +EXTCON FOR TWL CHIPS + +PALMAS USB COMPARATOR +Required Properties: + - compatible : Should be "ti,palmas-usb" or "ti,twl6035-usb" + - vbus-supply : phandle to the regulator device tree node. + +Optional Properties: + - ti,wakeup : To enable the wakeup comparator in probe + +palmas-usb { + compatible = "ti,twl6035-usb", "ti,palmas-usb"; + vbus-supply = <&smps10_reg>; + ti,wakeup; +}; diff --git a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/memory-controllers/mvebu-devbus.txt b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/memory-controllers/mvebu-devbus.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..653c90c --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/memory-controllers/mvebu-devbus.txt @@ -0,0 +1,156 @@ +Device tree bindings for MVEBU Device Bus controllers + +The Device Bus controller available in some Marvell's SoC allows to control +different types of standard memory and I/O devices such as NOR, NAND, and FPGA. +The actual devices are instantiated from the child nodes of a Device Bus node. + +Required properties: + + - compatible: Currently only Armada 370/XP SoC are supported, + with this compatible string: + + marvell,mvebu-devbus + + - reg: A resource specifier for the register space. + This is the base address of a chip select within + the controller's register space. + (see the example below) + + - #address-cells: Must be set to 1 + - #size-cells: Must be set to 1 + - ranges: Must be set up to reflect the memory layout with four + integer values for each chip-select line in use: + 0 <physical address of mapping> <size> + +Mandatory timing properties for child nodes: + +Read parameters: + + - devbus,turn-off-ps: Defines the time during which the controller does not + drive the AD bus after the completion of a device read. + This prevents contentions on the Device Bus after a read + cycle from a slow device. + + - devbus,bus-width: Defines the bus width (e.g. <16>) + + - devbus,badr-skew-ps: Defines the time delay from from A[2:0] toggle, + to read data sample. This parameter is useful for + synchronous pipelined devices, where the address + precedes the read data by one or two cycles. + + - devbus,acc-first-ps: Defines the time delay from the negation of + ALE[0] to the cycle that the first read data is sampled + by the controller. + + - devbus,acc-next-ps: Defines the time delay between the cycle that + samples data N and the cycle that samples data N+1 + (in burst accesses). + + - devbus,rd-setup-ps: Defines the time delay between DEV_CSn assertion to + DEV_OEn assertion. If set to 0 (default), + DEV_OEn and DEV_CSn are asserted at the same cycle. + This parameter has no affect on <acc-first-ps> parameter + (no affect on first data sample). Set <rd-setup-ps> + to a value smaller than <acc-first-ps>. + + - devbus,rd-hold-ps: Defines the time between the last data sample to the + de-assertion of DEV_CSn. If set to 0 (default), + DEV_OEn and DEV_CSn are de-asserted at the same cycle + (the cycle of the last data sample). + This parameter has no affect on DEV_OEn de-assertion. + DEV_OEn is always de-asserted the next cycle after + last data sampled. Also this parameter has no + affect on <turn-off-ps> parameter. + Set <rd-hold-ps> to a value smaller than <turn-off-ps>. + +Write parameters: + + - devbus,ale-wr-ps: Defines the time delay from the ALE[0] negation cycle + to the DEV_WEn assertion. + + - devbus,wr-low-ps: Defines the time during which DEV_WEn is active. + A[2:0] and Data are kept valid as long as DEV_WEn + is active. This parameter defines the setup time of + address and data to DEV_WEn rise. + + - devbus,wr-high-ps: Defines the time during which DEV_WEn is kept + inactive (high) between data beats of a burst write. + DEV_A[2:0] and Data are kept valid (do not toggle) for + <wr-high-ps> - <tick> ps. + This parameter defines the hold time of address and + data after DEV_WEn rise. + + - devbus,sync-enable: Synchronous device enable. + 1: True + 0: False + +An example for an Armada XP GP board, with a 16 MiB NOR device as child +is showed below. Note that the Device Bus driver is in charge of allocating +the mbus address decoding window for each of its child devices. +The window is created using the chip select specified in the child +device node together with the base address and size specified in the ranges +property. For instance, in the example below the allocated decoding window +will start at base address 0xf0000000, with a size 0x1000000 (16 MiB) +for chip select 0 (a.k.a DEV_BOOTCS). + +This address window handling is done in this mvebu-devbus only as a temporary +solution. It will be removed when the support for mbus device tree binding is +added. + +The reg property implicitly specifies the chip select as this: + + 0x10400: DEV_BOOTCS + 0x10408: DEV_CS0 + 0x10410: DEV_CS1 + 0x10418: DEV_CS2 + 0x10420: DEV_CS3 + +Example: + + devbus-bootcs@d0010400 { + status = "okay"; + ranges = <0 0xf0000000 0x1000000>; /* @addr 0xf0000000, size 0x1000000 */ + #address-cells = <1>; + #size-cells = <1>; + + /* Device Bus parameters are required */ + + /* Read parameters */ + devbus,bus-width = <8>; + devbus,turn-off-ps = <60000>; + devbus,badr-skew-ps = <0>; + devbus,acc-first-ps = <124000>; + devbus,acc-next-ps = <248000>; + devbus,rd-setup-ps = <0>; + devbus,rd-hold-ps = <0>; + + /* Write parameters */ + devbus,sync-enable = <0>; + devbus,wr-high-ps = <60000>; + devbus,wr-low-ps = <60000>; + devbus,ale-wr-ps = <60000>; + + flash@0 { + compatible = "cfi-flash"; + + /* 16 MiB */ + reg = <0 0x1000000>; + bank-width = <2>; + #address-cells = <1>; + #size-cells = <1>; + + /* + * We split the 16 MiB in two partitions, + * just as an example. + */ + partition@0 { + label = "First"; + reg = <0 0x800000>; + }; + + partition@800000 { + label = "Second"; + reg = <0x800000 0x800000>; + }; + }; + }; diff --git a/Documentation/fmc/00-INDEX b/Documentation/fmc/00-INDEX new file mode 100644 index 0000000..431c695 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/fmc/00-INDEX @@ -0,0 +1,38 @@ + +Documentation in this directory comes from sections of the manual we +wrote for the externally-developed fmc-bus package. The complete +manual as of today (2013-02) is available in PDF format at +http://www.ohwr.org/projects/fmc-bus/files + +00-INDEX + - this file. + +FMC-and-SDB.txt + - What are FMC and SDB, basic concepts for this framework + +API.txt + - The functions that are exported by the bus driver + +parameters.txt + - The module parameters + +carrier.txt + - writing a carrier (a device) + +mezzanine.txt + - writing code for your mezzanine (a driver) + +identifiers.txt + - how identification and matching works + +fmc-fakedev.txt + - about drivers/fmc/fmc-fakedev.ko + +fmc-trivial.txt + - about drivers/fmc/fmc-trivial.ko + +fmc-write-eeprom.txt + - about drivers/fmc/fmc-write-eeprom.ko + +fmc-chardev.txt + - about drivers/fmc/fmc-chardev.ko diff --git a/Documentation/fmc/API.txt b/Documentation/fmc/API.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..06b06b9 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/fmc/API.txt @@ -0,0 +1,47 @@ +Functions Exported by fmc.ko +**************************** + +The FMC core exports the usual 4 functions that are needed for a bus to +work, and a few more: + + int fmc_driver_register(struct fmc_driver *drv); + void fmc_driver_unregister(struct fmc_driver *drv); + int fmc_device_register(struct fmc_device *fmc); + void fmc_device_unregister(struct fmc_device *fmc); + + int fmc_device_register_n(struct fmc_device **fmc, int n); + void fmc_device_unregister_n(struct fmc_device **fmc, int n); + + uint32_t fmc_readl(struct fmc_device *fmc, int offset); + void fmc_writel(struct fmc_device *fmc, uint32_t val, int off); + void *fmc_get_drvdata(struct fmc_device *fmc); + void fmc_set_drvdata(struct fmc_device *fmc, void *data); + + int fmc_reprogram(struct fmc_device *f, struct fmc_driver *d, char *gw, + int sdb_entry); + +The data structure that describe a device is detailed in *note FMC +Device::, the one that describes a driver is detailed in *note FMC +Driver::. Please note that structures of type fmc_device must be +allocated by the caller, but must not be released after unregistering. +The fmc-bus itself takes care of releasing the structure when their use +count reaches zero - actually, the device model does that in lieu of us. + +The functions to register and unregister n devices are meant to be used +by carriers that host more than one mezzanine. The devices must all be +registered at the same time because if the FPGA is reprogrammed, all +devices in the array are affected. Usually, the driver matching the +first device will reprogram the FPGA, so other devices must know they +are already driven by a reprogrammed FPGA. + +If a carrier hosts slots that are driven by different FPGA devices, it +should register as a group only mezzanines that are driven by the same +FPGA, for the reason outlined above. + +Finally, the fmc_reprogram function calls the reprogram method (see +*note The API Offered by Carriers:: and also scans the memory area for +an SDB tree. You can pass -1 as sdb_entry to disable such scan. +Otherwise, the function fails if no tree is found at the specified +entry point. The function is meant to factorize common code, and by +the time you read this it is already used by the spec-sw and fine-delay +modules. diff --git a/Documentation/fmc/FMC-and-SDB.txt b/Documentation/fmc/FMC-and-SDB.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..fa14e0b --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/fmc/FMC-and-SDB.txt @@ -0,0 +1,88 @@ + +FMC (FPGA Mezzanine Card) is the standard we use for our I/O devices, +in the context of White Rabbit and related hardware. + +In our I/O environments we need to write drivers for each mezzanine +card, and such drivers must work regardless of the carrier being used. +To achieve this, we abstract the FMC interface. + +We have a carrier for PCI-E called SPEC and one for VME called SVEC, +but more are planned. Also, we support stand-alone devices (usually +plugged on a SPEC card), controlled through Etherbone, developed by GSI. + +Code and documentation for the FMC bus was born as part of the spec-sw +project, but now it lives in its own project. Other projects, i.e. +software support for the various carriers, should include this as a +submodule. + +The most up to date version of code and documentation is always +available from the repository you can clone from: + + git://ohwr.org/fmc-projects/fmc-bus.git (read-only) + git@ohwr.org:fmc-projects/fmc-bus.git (read-write for developers) + +Selected versions of the documentation, as well as complete tar +archives for selected revisions are placed to the Files section of the +project: `http://www.ohwr.org/projects/fmc-bus/files' + + +What is FMC +*********** + +FMC, as said, stands for "FPGA Mezzanine Card". It is a standard +developed by the VME consortium called VITA (VMEbus International Trade +Association and ratified by ANSI, the American National Standard +Institute. The official documentation is called "ANSI-VITA 57.1". + +The FMC card is an almost square PCB, around 70x75 millimeters, that is +called mezzanine in this document. It usually lives plugged into +another PCB for power supply and control; such bigger circuit board is +called carrier from now on, and a single carrier may host more than one +mezzanine. + +In the typical application the mezzanine is mostly analog while the +carrier is mostly digital, and hosts an FPGA that must be configured to +match the specific mezzanine and the desired application. Thus, you may +need to load different FPGA images to drive different instances of the +same mezzanine. + +FMC, as such, is not a bus in the usual meaning of the term, because +most carriers have only one connector, and carriers with several +connectors have completely separate electrical connections to them. +This package, however, implements a bus as a software abstraction. + + +What is SDB +*********** + +SDB (Self Describing Bus) is a set of data structures that we use for +enumerating the internal structure of an FPGA image. We also use it as +a filesystem inside the FMC EEPROM. + +SDB is not mandatory for use of this FMC kernel bus, but if you have SDB +this package can make good use of it. SDB itself is developed in the +fpga-config-space OHWR project. The link to the repository is +`git://ohwr.org/hdl-core-lib/fpga-config-space.git' and what is used in +this project lives in the sdbfs subdirectory in there. + +SDB support for FMC is described in *note FMC Identification:: and +*note SDB Support:: + + +SDB Support +*********** + +The fmc.ko bus driver exports a few functions to help drivers taking +advantage of the SDB information that may be present in your own FPGA +memory image. + +The module exports the following functions, in the special header +<linux/fmc-sdb.h>. The linux/ prefix in the name is there because we +plan to submit it upstream in the future, and don't want to force +changes on our drivers if that happens. + + int fmc_scan_sdb_tree(struct fmc_device *fmc, unsigned long address); + void fmc_show_sdb_tree(struct fmc_device *fmc); + signed long fmc_find_sdb_device(struct sdb_array *tree, uint64_t vendor, + uint32_t device, unsigned long *sz); + int fmc_free_sdb_tree(struct fmc_device *fmc); diff --git a/Documentation/fmc/carrier.txt b/Documentation/fmc/carrier.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..173f6d6 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/fmc/carrier.txt @@ -0,0 +1,311 @@ +FMC Device +********** + +Within the Linux bus framework, the FMC device is created and +registered by the carrier driver. For example, the PCI driver for the +SPEC card fills a data structure for each SPEC that it drives, and +registers an associated FMC device for each card. The SVEC driver can +do exactly the same for the VME carrier (actually, it should do it +twice, because the SVEC carries two FMC mezzanines). Similarly, an +Etherbone driver will be able to register its own FMC devices, offering +communication primitives through frame exchange. + +The contents of the EEPROM within the FMC are used for identification +purposes, i.e. for matching the device with its own driver. For this +reason the device structure includes a complete copy of the EEPROM +(actually, the carrier driver may choose whether or not to return it - +for example we most likely won't have the whole EEPROM available for +Etherbone devices. + +The following listing shows the current structure defining a device. +Please note that all the machinery is in place but some details may +still change in the future. For this reason, there is a version field +at the beginning of the structure. As usual, the minor number will +change for compatible changes (like a new flag) and the major number +will increase when an incompatible change happens (for example, a +change in layout of some fmc data structures). Device writers should +just set it to the value FMC_VERSION, and be ready to get back -EINVAL +at registration time. + + struct fmc_device { + unsigned long version; + unsigned long flags; + struct module *owner; /* char device must pin it */ + struct fmc_fru_id id; /* for EEPROM-based match */ + struct fmc_operations *op; /* carrier-provided */ + int irq; /* according to host bus. 0 == none */ + int eeprom_len; /* Usually 8kB, may be less */ + int eeprom_addr; /* 0x50, 0x52 etc */ + uint8_t *eeprom; /* Full contents or leading part */ + char *carrier_name; /* "SPEC" or similar, for special use */ + void *carrier_data; /* "struct spec *" or equivalent */ + __iomem void *fpga_base; /* May be NULL (Etherbone) */ + __iomem void *slot_base; /* Set by the driver */ + struct fmc_device **devarray; /* Allocated by the bus */ + int slot_id; /* Index in the slot array */ + int nr_slots; /* Number of slots in this carrier */ + unsigned long memlen; /* Used for the char device */ + struct device dev; /* For Linux use */ + struct device *hwdev; /* The underlying hardware device */ + unsigned long sdbfs_entry; + struct sdb_array *sdb; + uint32_t device_id; /* Filled by the device */ + char *mezzanine_name; /* Defaults to ``fmc'' */ + void *mezzanine_data; + }; + +The meaning of most fields is summarized in the code comment above. + +The following fields must be filled by the carrier driver before +registration: + + * version: must be set to FMC_VERSION. + + * owner: set to MODULE_OWNER. + + * op: the operations to act on the device. + + * irq: number for the mezzanine; may be zero. + + * eeprom_len: length of the following array. + + * eeprom_addr: 0x50 for first mezzanine and so on. + + * eeprom: the full content of the I2C EEPROM. + + * carrier_name. + + * carrier_data: a unique pointer for the carrier. + + * fpga_base: the I/O memory address (may be NULL). + + * slot_id: the index of this slot (starting from zero). + + * memlen: if fpga_base is valid, the length of I/O memory. + + * hwdev: to be used in some dev_err() calls. + + * device_id: a slot-specific unique integer number. + + +Please note that the carrier should read its own EEPROM memory before +registering the device, as well as fill all other fields listed above. + +The following fields should not be assigned, because they are filled +later by either the bus or the device driver: + + * flags. + + * fru_id: filled by the bus, parsing the eeprom. + + * slot_base: filled and used by the driver, if useful to it. + + * devarray: an array og all mezzanines driven by a singe FPGA. + + * nr_slots: set by the core at registration time. + + * dev: used by Linux. + + * sdb: FPGA contents, scanned according to driver's directions. + + * sdbfs_entry: SDB entry point in EEPROM: autodetected. + + * mezzanine_data: available for the driver. + + * mezzanine_name: filled by fmc-bus during identification. + + +Note: mezzanine_data may be redundant, because Linux offers the drvdata +approach, so the field may be removed in later versions of this bus +implementation. + +As I write this, she SPEC carrier is already completely functional in +the fmc-bus environment, and is a good reference to look at. + + +The API Offered by Carriers +=========================== + +The carrier provides a number of methods by means of the +`fmc_operations' structure, which currently is defined like this +(again, it is a moving target, please refer to the header rather than +this document): + + struct fmc_operations { + uint32_t (*readl)(struct fmc_device *fmc, int offset); + void (*writel)(struct fmc_device *fmc, uint32_t value, int offset); + int (*reprogram)(struct fmc_device *f, struct fmc_driver *d, char *gw); + int (*validate)(struct fmc_device *fmc, struct fmc_driver *drv); + int (*irq_request)(struct fmc_device *fmc, irq_handler_t h, + char *name, int flags); + void (*irq_ack)(struct fmc_device *fmc); + int (*irq_free)(struct fmc_device *fmc); + int (*gpio_config)(struct fmc_device *fmc, struct fmc_gpio *gpio, + int ngpio); + int (*read_ee)(struct fmc_device *fmc, int pos, void *d, int l); + int (*write_ee)(struct fmc_device *fmc, int pos, const void *d, int l); + }; + +The individual methods perform the following tasks: + +`readl' +`writel' + These functions access FPGA registers by whatever means the + carrier offers. They are not expected to fail, and most of the time + they will just make a memory access to the host bus. If the + carrier provides a fpga_base pointer, the driver may use direct + access through that pointer. For this reason the header offers the + inline functions fmc_readl and fmc_writel that access fpga_base if + the respective method is NULL. A driver that wants to be portable + and efficient should use fmc_readl and fmc_writel. For Etherbone, + or other non-local carriers, error-management is still to be + defined. + +`validate' + Module parameters are used to manage different applications for + two or more boards of the same kind. Validation is based on the + busid module parameter, if provided, and returns the matching + index in the associated array. See *note Module Parameters:: in in + doubt. If no match is found, `-ENOENT' is returned; if the user + didn't pass `busid=', all devices will pass validation. The value + returned by the validate method can be used as index into other + parameters (for example, some drivers use the `lm32=' parameter in + this way). Such "generic parameters" are documented in *note + Module Parameters::, below. The validate method is used by + `fmc-trivial.ko', described in *note fmc-trivial::. + +`reprogram' + The carrier enumerates FMC devices by loading a standard (or + golden) FPGA binary that allows EEPROM access. Each driver, then, + will need to reprogram the FPGA by calling this function. If the + name argument is NULL, the carrier should reprogram the golden + binary. If the gateware name has been overridden through module + parameters (in a carrier-specific way) the file loaded will match + the parameters. Per-device gateware names can be specified using + the `gateware=' parameter, see *note Module Parameters::. Note: + Clients should call rhe new helper, fmc_reprogram, which both + calls this method and parse the SDB tree of the FPGA. + +`irq_request' +`irq_ack' +`irq_free' + Interrupt management is carrier-specific, so it is abstracted as + operations. The interrupt number is listed in the device + structure, and for the mezzanine driver the number is only + informative. The handler will receive the fmc pointer as dev_id; + the flags argument is passed to the Linux request_irq function, + but fmc-specific flags may be added in the future. You'll most + likely want to pass the `IRQF_SHARED' flag. + +`gpio_config' + The method allows to configure a GPIO pin in the carrier, and read + its current value if it is configured as input. See *note The GPIO + Abstraction:: for details. + +`read_ee' +`write_ee' + Read or write the EEPROM. The functions are expected to be only + called before reprogramming and the carrier should refuse them + with `ENODEV' after reprogramming. The offset is expected to be + within 8kB (the current size), but addresses up to 1MB are + reserved to fit bigger I2C devices in the future. Carriers may + offer access to other internal flash memories using these same + methods: for example the SPEC driver may define that its carrier + I2C memory is seen at offset 1M and the internal SPI flash is seen + at offset 16M. This multiplexing of several flash memories in the + same address space is is carrier-specific and should only be used + by a driver that has verified the `carrier_name' field. + + + +The GPIO Abstraction +==================== + +Support for GPIO pins in the fmc-bus environment is not very +straightforward and deserves special discussion. + +While the general idea of a carrier-independent driver seems to fly, +configuration of specific signals within the carrier needs at least +some knowledge of the carrier itself. For this reason, the specific +driver can request to configure carrier-specific GPIO pins, numbered +from 0 to at most 4095. Configuration is performed by passing a +pointer to an array of struct fmc_gpio items, as well as the length of +the array. This is the data structure: + + struct fmc_gpio { + char *carrier_name; + int gpio; + int _gpio; /* internal use by the carrier */ + int mode; /* GPIOF_DIR_OUT etc, from <linux/gpio.h> */ + int irqmode; /* IRQF_TRIGGER_LOW and so on */ + }; + +By specifying a carrier_name for each pin, the driver may access +different pins in different carriers. The gpio_config method is +expected to return the number of pins successfully configured, ignoring +requests for other carriers. However, if no pin is configured (because +no structure at all refers to the current carrier_name), the operation +returns an error so the caller will know that it is running under a +yet-unsupported carrier. + +So, for example, a driver that has been developed and tested on both +the SPEC and the SVEC may request configuration of two different GPIO +pins, and expect one such configuration to succeed - if none succeeds +it most likely means that the current carrier is a still-unknown one. + +If, however, your GPIO pin has a specific known role, you can pass a +special number in the gpio field, using one of the following macros: + + #define FMC_GPIO_RAW(x) (x) /* 4096 of them */ + #define FMC_GPIO_IRQ(x) ((x) + 0x1000) /* 256 of them */ + #define FMC_GPIO_LED(x) ((x) + 0x1100) /* 256 of them */ + #define FMC_GPIO_KEY(x) ((x) + 0x1200) /* 256 of them */ + #define FMC_GPIO_TP(x) ((x) + 0x1300) /* 256 of them */ + #define FMC_GPIO_USER(x) ((x) + 0x1400) /* 256 of them */ + +Use of virtual GPIO numbers (anything but FMC_GPIO_RAW) is allowed +provided the carrier_name field in the data structure is left +unspecified (NULL). Each carrier is responsible for providing a mapping +between virtual and physical GPIO numbers. The carrier may then use the +_gpio field to cache the result of this mapping. + +All carriers must map their I/O lines to the sets above starting from +zero. The SPEC, for example, maps interrupt pins 0 and 1, and test +points 0 through 3 (even if the test points on the PCB are called +5,6,7,8). + +If, for example, a driver requires a free LED and a test point (for a +scope probe to be plugged at some point during development) it may ask +for FMC_GPIO_LED(0) and FMC_GPIO_TP(0). Each carrier will provide +suitable GPIO pins. Clearly, the person running the drivers will know +the order used by the specific carrier driver in assigning leds and +testpoints, so to make a carrier-dependent use of the diagnostic tools. + +In theory, some form of autodetection should be possible: a driver like +the wr-nic (which uses IRQ(1) on the SPEC card) should configure +IRQ(0), make a test with software-generated interrupts and configure +IRQ(1) if the test fails. This probing step should be used because even +if the wr-nic gateware is known to use IRQ1 on the SPEC, the driver +should be carrier-independent and thus use IRQ(0) as a first bet - +actually, the knowledge that IRQ0 may fail is carrier-dependent +information, but using it doesn't make the driver unsuitable for other +carriers. + +The return value of gpio_config is defined as follows: + + * If no pin in the array can be used by the carrier, `-ENODEV'. + + * If at least one virtual GPIO number cannot be mapped, `-ENOENT'. + + * On success, 0 or positive. The value returned is the number of + high input bits (if no input is configured, the value for success + is 0). + +While I admit the procedure is not completely straightforward, it +allows configuration, input and output with a single carrier operation. +Given the typical use case of FMC devices, GPIO operations are not +expected to ever by in hot paths, and GPIO access so fare has only been +used to configure the interrupt pin, mode and polarity. Especially +reading inputs is not expected to be common. If your device has GPIO +capabilities in the hot path, you should consider using the kernel's +GPIO mechanisms. diff --git a/Documentation/fmc/fmc-chardev.txt b/Documentation/fmc/fmc-chardev.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d9ccb27 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/fmc/fmc-chardev.txt @@ -0,0 +1,64 @@ +fmc-chardev +=========== + +This is a simple generic driver, that allows user access by means of a +character device (actually, one for each mezzanine it takes hold of). + +The char device is created as a misc device. Its name in /dev (as +created by udev) is the same name as the underlying FMC device. Thus, +the name can be a silly fmc-0000 look-alike if the device has no +identifiers nor bus_id, a more specific fmc-0400 if the device has a +bus-specific address but no associated name, or something like +fdelay-0400 if the FMC core can rely on both a mezzanine name and a bus +address. + +Currently the driver only supports read and write: you can lseek to the +desired address and read or write a register. + +The driver assumes all registers are 32-bit in size, and only accepts a +single read or write per system call. However, as a result of Unix read +and write semantics, users can simply fread or fwrite bigger areas in +order to dump or store bigger memory areas. + +There is currently no support for mmap, user-space interrupt management +and DMA buffers. They may be added in later versions, if the need +arises. + +The example below shows raw access to a SPEC card programmed with its +golden FPGA file, that features an SDB structure at offset 256 - i.e. +64 words. The mezzanine's EEPROM in this case is not programmed, so the +default name is fmc-<bus><devfn>, and there are two cards in the system: + + spusa.root# insmod fmc-chardev.ko + [ 1073.339332] spec 0000:02:00.0: Driver has no ID: matches all + [ 1073.345051] spec 0000:02:00.0: Created misc device "fmc-0200" + [ 1073.350821] spec 0000:04:00.0: Driver has no ID: matches all + [ 1073.356525] spec 0000:04:00.0: Created misc device "fmc-0400" + spusa.root# ls -l /dev/fmc* + crw------- 1 root root 10, 58 Nov 20 19:23 /dev/fmc-0200 + crw------- 1 root root 10, 57 Nov 20 19:23 /dev/fmc-0400 + spusa.root# dd bs=4 skip=64 count=1 if=/dev/fmc-0200 2> /dev/null | od -t x1z + 0000000 2d 42 44 53 >-BDS< + 0000004 + +The simple program tools/fmc-mem in this package can access an FMC char +device and read or write a word or a whole area. Actually, the program +is not specific to FMC at all, it just uses lseek, read and write. + +Its first argument is the device name, the second the offset, the third +(if any) the value to write and the optional last argument that must +begin with "+" is the number of bytes to read or write. In case of +repeated reading data is written to stdout; repeated writes read from +stdin and the value argument is ignored. + +The following examples show reading the SDB magic number and the first +SDB record from a SPEC device programmed with its golden image: + + spusa.root# ./fmc-mem /dev/fmc-0200 100 + 5344422d + spusa.root# ./fmc-mem /dev/fmc-0200 100 +40 | od -Ax -t x1z + 000000 2d 42 44 53 00 01 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 >-BDS............< + 000010 00 00 00 00 ff 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 51 06 00 00 >............Q...< + 000020 c9 42 a5 e6 02 00 00 00 11 05 12 20 2d 34 42 57 >.B......... -4BW< + 000030 73 6f 72 43 72 61 62 73 49 53 47 2d 00 20 20 20 >sorCrabsISG-. < + 000040 diff --git a/Documentation/fmc/fmc-fakedev.txt b/Documentation/fmc/fmc-fakedev.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e85b74a --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/fmc/fmc-fakedev.txt @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +fmc-fakedev +=========== + +This package includes a software-only device, called fmc-fakedev, which +is able to register up to 4 mezzanines (by default it registers one). +Unlike the SPEC driver, which creates an FMC device for each PCI cards +it manages, this module creates a single instance of its set of +mezzanines. + +It is meant as the simplest possible example of how a driver should be +written, and it includes a fake EEPROM image (built using the tools +described in *note FMC Identification::),, which by default is +replicated for each fake mezzanine. + +You can also use this device to verify the match algorithms, by asking +it to test your own EEPROM image. You can provide the image by means of +the eeprom= module parameter: the new EEPROM image is loaded, as usual, +by means of the firmware loader. This example shows the defaults and a +custom EEPROM image: + + spusa.root# insmod fmc-fakedev.ko + [ 99.971247] fake-fmc-carrier: mezzanine 0 + [ 99.975393] Manufacturer: fake-vendor + [ 99.979624] Product name: fake-design-for-testing + spusa.root# rmmod fmc-fakedev + spusa.root# insmod fmc-fakedev.ko eeprom=fdelay-eeprom.bin + [ 121.447464] fake-fmc-carrier: Mezzanine 0: eeprom "fdelay-eeprom.bin" + [ 121.462725] fake-fmc-carrier: mezzanine 0 + [ 121.466858] Manufacturer: CERN + [ 121.470477] Product name: FmcDelay1ns4cha + spusa.root# rmmod fmc-fakedev + +After loading the device, you can use the write_ee method do modify its +own internal fake EEPROM: whenever the image is overwritten starting at +offset 0, the module will unregister and register again the FMC device. +This is shown in fmc-write-eeprom.txt diff --git a/Documentation/fmc/fmc-trivial.txt b/Documentation/fmc/fmc-trivial.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d1910bc --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/fmc/fmc-trivial.txt @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +fmc-trivial +=========== + +The simple module fmc-trivial is just a simple client that registers an +interrupt handler. I used it to verify the basic mechanism of the FMC +bus and how interrupts worked. + +The module implements the generic FMC parameters, so it can program a +different gateware file in each card. The whole list of parameters it +accepts are: + +`busid=' +`gateware=' + Generic parameters. See mezzanine.txt + + +This driver is worth reading, in my opinion. diff --git a/Documentation/fmc/fmc-write-eeprom.txt b/Documentation/fmc/fmc-write-eeprom.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..44a3bc6 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/fmc/fmc-write-eeprom.txt @@ -0,0 +1,125 @@ +fmc-write-eeprom +================ + +This module is designed to load a binary file from /lib/firmware and to +write it to the internal EEPROM of the mezzanine card. This driver uses +the `busid' generic parameter. + +Overwriting the EEPROM is not something you should do daily, and it is +expected to only happen during manufacturing. For this reason, the +module makes it unlikely for the random user to change a working EEPROM. + +The module takes the following measures: + + * It accepts a `file=' argument (within /lib/firmware) and if no + such argument is received, it doesn't write anything to EEPROM + (i.e. there is no default file name). + + * If the file name ends with `.bin' it is written verbatim starting + at offset 0. + + * If the file name ends with `.tlv' it is interpreted as + type-length-value (i.e., it allows writev(2)-like operation). + + * If the file name doesn't match any of the patterns above, it is + ignored and no write is performed. + + * Only cards listed with `busid=' are written to. If no busid is + specified, no programming is done (and the probe function of the + driver will fail). + + +Each TLV tuple is formatted in this way: the header is 5 bytes, +followed by data. The first byte is `w' for write, the next two bytes +represent the address, in little-endian byte order, and the next two +represent the data length, in little-endian order. The length does not +include the header (it is the actual number of bytes to be written). + +This is a real example: that writes 5 bytes at position 0x110: + + spusa.root# od -t x1 -Ax /lib/firmware/try.tlv + 000000 77 10 01 05 00 30 31 32 33 34 + 00000a + spusa.root# insmod /tmp/fmc-write-eeprom.ko busid=0x0200 file=try.tlv + [19983.391498] spec 0000:03:00.0: write 5 bytes at 0x0110 + [19983.414615] spec 0000:03:00.0: write_eeprom: success + +Please note that you'll most likely want to use SDBFS to build your +EEPROM image, at least if your mezzanines are being used in the White +Rabbit environment. For this reason the TLV format is not expected to +be used much and is not expected to be developed further. + +If you want to try reflashing fake EEPROM devices, you can use the +fmc-fakedev.ko module (see *note fmc-fakedev::). Whenever you change +the image starting at offset 0, it will deregister and register again +after two seconds. Please note, however, that if fmc-write-eeprom is +still loaded, the system will associate it to the new device, which +will be reprogrammed and thus will be unloaded after two seconds. The +following example removes the module after it reflashed fakedev the +first time. + + spusa.root# insmod fmc-fakedev.ko + [ 72.984733] fake-fmc: Manufacturer: fake-vendor + [ 72.989434] fake-fmc: Product name: fake-design-for-testing + spusa.root# insmod fmc-write-eeprom.ko busid=0 file=fdelay-eeprom.bin; \ + rmmod fmc-write-eeprom + [ 130.874098] fake-fmc: Matching a generic driver (no ID) + [ 130.887845] fake-fmc: programming 6155 bytes + [ 130.894567] fake-fmc: write_eeprom: success + [ 132.895794] fake-fmc: Manufacturer: CERN + [ 132.899872] fake-fmc: Product name: FmcDelay1ns4cha + + +Writing to the EEPROM +===================== + +Once you have created a binary file for your EEPROM, you can write it +to the storage medium using the fmc-write-eeprom (See *note +fmc-write-eeprom::, while relying on a carrier driver. The procedure +here shown here uses the SPEC driver +(`http://www.ohwr.org/projects/spec-sw'). + +The example assumes no driver is already loaded (actually, I unloaded +them by hand as everything loads automatically at boot time after you +installed the modules), and shows kernel messages together with +commands. Here the prompt is spusa.root# and two SPEC cards are plugged +in the system. + + spusa.root# insmod fmc.ko + spusa.root# insmod spec.ko + [13972.382818] spec 0000:02:00.0: probe for device 0002:0000 + [13972.392773] spec 0000:02:00.0: got file "fmc/spec-init.bin", 1484404 (0x16a674) bytes + [13972.591388] spec 0000:02:00.0: FPGA programming successful + [13972.883011] spec 0000:02:00.0: EEPROM has no FRU information + [13972.888719] spec 0000:02:00.0: No device_id filled, using index + [13972.894676] spec 0000:02:00.0: No mezzanine_name found + [13972.899863] /home/rubini/wip/spec-sw/kernel/spec-gpio.c - spec_gpio_init + [13972.906578] spec 0000:04:00.0: probe for device 0004:0000 + [13972.916509] spec 0000:04:00.0: got file "fmc/spec-init.bin", 1484404 (0x16a674) bytes + [13973.115096] spec 0000:04:00.0: FPGA programming successful + [13973.401798] spec 0000:04:00.0: EEPROM has no FRU information + [13973.407474] spec 0000:04:00.0: No device_id filled, using index + [13973.413417] spec 0000:04:00.0: No mezzanine_name found + [13973.418600] /home/rubini/wip/spec-sw/kernel/spec-gpio.c - spec_gpio_init + spusa.root# ls /sys/bus/fmc/devices + fmc-0000 fmc-0001 + spusa.root# insmod fmc-write-eeprom.ko busid=0x0200 file=fdelay-eeprom.bin + [14103.966259] spec 0000:02:00.0: Matching an generic driver (no ID) + [14103.975519] spec 0000:02:00.0: programming 6155 bytes + [14126.373762] spec 0000:02:00.0: write_eeprom: success + [14126.378770] spec 0000:04:00.0: Matching an generic driver (no ID) + [14126.384903] spec 0000:04:00.0: fmc_write_eeprom: no filename given: not programming + [14126.392600] fmc_write_eeprom: probe of fmc-0001 failed with error -2 + +Reading back the EEPROM +======================= + +In order to read back the binary content of the EEPROM of your +mezzanine device, the bus creates a read-only sysfs file called eeprom +for each mezzanine it knows about: + + spusa.root# cd /sys/bus/fmc/devices; ls -l */eeprom + -r--r--r-- 1 root root 8192 Apr 9 16:53 FmcDelay1ns4cha-f001/eeprom + -r--r--r-- 1 root root 8192 Apr 9 17:19 fake-design-for-testing-f002/eeprom + -r--r--r-- 1 root root 8192 Apr 9 17:19 fake-design-for-testing-f003/eeprom + -r--r--r-- 1 root root 8192 Apr 9 17:19 fmc-f004/eeprom diff --git a/Documentation/fmc/identifiers.txt b/Documentation/fmc/identifiers.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3bb577f --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/fmc/identifiers.txt @@ -0,0 +1,168 @@ +FMC Identification +****************** + +The FMC standard requires every compliant mezzanine to carry +identification information in an I2C EEPROM. The information must be +laid out according to the "IPMI Platform Management FRU Information", +where IPMI is a lie I'd better not expand, and FRU means "Field +Replaceable Unit". + +The FRU information is an intricate unreadable binary blob that must +live at offset 0 of the EEPROM, and typically extends for a few hundred +bytes. The standard allows the application to use all the remaining +storage area of the EEPROM as it wants. + +This chapter explains how to create your own EEPROM image and how to +write it in your mezzanine, as well as how devices and drivers are +paired at run time. EEPROM programming uses tools that are part of this +package and SDB (part of the fpga-config-space package). + +The first sections are only interesting for manufacturers who need to +write the EEPROM. If you are just a software developer writing an FMC +device or driver, you may jump straight to *note SDB Support::. + + +Building the FRU Structure +========================== + +If you want to know the internals of the FRU structure and despair, you +can retrieve the document from +`http://download.intel.com/design/servers/ipmi/FRU1011.pdf' . The +standard is awful and difficult without reason, so we only support the +minimum mandatory subset - we create a simple structure and parse it +back at run time, but we are not able to either generate or parse more +arcane features like non-english languages and 6-bit text. If you need +more items of the FRU standard for your boards, please submit patches. + +This package includes the Python script that Matthieu Cattin wrote to +generate the FRU binary blob, based on an helper libipmi by Manohar +Vanga and Matthieu himself. I changed the test script to receive +parameters from the command line or from the environment (the command +line takes precedence) + +To make a long story short, in order to build a standard-compliant +binary file to be burned in your EEPROM, you need the following items: + + Environment Opt Official Name Default +--------------------------------------------------------------------- + FRU_VENDOR -v "Board Manufacturer" fmc-example + FRU_NAME -n "Board Product Name" mezzanine + FRU_SERIAL -s `Board Serial Number" 0001 + FRU_PART -p "Board Part Number" sample-part + FRU_OUTPUT -o not applicable /dev/stdout + +The "Official Name" above is what you find in the FRU official +documentation, chapter 11, page 7 ("Board Info Area Format"). The +output option is used to save the generated binary to a specific file +name instead of stdout. + +You can pass the items to the FRU generator either in the environment +or on the command line. This package has currently no support for +specifying power consumption or such stuff, but I plan to add it as +soon as I find some time for that. + +FIXME: consumption etc for FRU are here or in PTS? + +The following example creates a binary image for a specific board: + + ./tools/fru-generator -v CERN -n FmcAdc100m14b4cha \ + -s HCCFFIA___-CR000003 -p EDA-02063-V5-0 > eeprom.bin + +The following example shows a script that builds several binary EEPROM +images for a series of boards, changing the serial number for each of +them. The script uses a mix of environment variables and command line +options, and uses the same string patterns shown above. + + #!/bin/sh + + export FRU_VENDOR="CERN" + export FRU_NAME="FmcAdc100m14b4cha" + export FRU_PART="EDA-02063-V5-0" + + serial="HCCFFIA___-CR" + + for number in $(seq 1 50); do + # build number-string "ns" + ns="$(printf %06d $number)" + ./fru-generator -s "${serial}${ns}" > eeprom-${ns}.bin + done + + +Using SDB-FS in the EEPROM +========================== + +If you want to use SDB as a filesystem in the EEPROM device within the +mezzanine, you should create one such filesystem using gensdbfs, from +the fpga-config-space package on OHWR. + +By using an SBD filesystem you can cluster several files in a single +EEPROM, so both the host system and a soft-core running in the FPGA (if +any) can access extra production-time information. + +We chose to use SDB as a storage filesystem because the format is very +simple, and both the host system and the soft-core will likely already +include support code for such format. The SDB library offered by the +fpga-config-space is less than 1kB under LM32, so it proves quite up to +the task. + +The SDB entry point (which acts as a directory listing) cannot live at +offset zero in the flash device, because the FRU information must live +there. To avoid wasting precious storage space while still allowing +for more-than-minimal FRU structures, the fmc.ko will look for the SDB +record at address 256, 512 and 1024. + +In order to generate the complete EEPROM image you'll need a +configuration file for gensdbfs: you tell the program where to place +the sdb entry point, and you must force the FRU data file to be placed +at the beginning of the storage device. If needed, you can also place +other files at a special offset (we sometimes do it for backward +compatibility with drivers we wrote before implementing SDB for flash +memory). + +The directory tools/sdbfs of this package includes a well-commented +example that you may want to use as a starting point (the comments are +in the file called -SDB-CONFIG-). Reading documentation for gensdbfs +is a suggested first step anyways. + +This package (generic FMC bus support) only accesses two files in the +EEPROM: the FRU information, at offset zero, with a suggested filename +of IPMI-FRU and the short name for the mezzanine, in a file called +name. The IPMI-FRU name is not mandatory, but a strongly suggested +choice; the name filename is mandatory, because this is the preferred +short name used by the FMC core. For example, a name of "fdelay" may +supplement a Product Name like "FmcDelay1ns4cha" - exactly as +demonstrated in `tools/sdbfs'. + +Note: SDB access to flash memory is not yet supported, so the short +name currently in use is just the "Product Name" FRU string. + +The example in tools/sdbfs includes an extra file, that is needed by +the fine-delay driver, and must live at a known address of 0x1800. By +running gensdbfs on that directory you can output your binary EEPROM +image (here below spusa$ is the shell prompt): + + spusa$ ../fru-generator -v CERN -n FmcDelay1ns4cha -s proto-0 \ + -p EDA-02267-V3 > IPMI-FRU + spusa$ ls -l + total 16 + -rw-rw-r-- 1 rubini staff 975 Nov 19 18:08 --SDB-CONFIG-- + -rw-rw-r-- 1 rubini staff 216 Nov 19 18:13 IPMI-FRU + -rw-rw-r-- 1 rubini staff 11 Nov 19 18:04 fd-calib + -rw-rw-r-- 1 rubini staff 7 Nov 19 18:04 name + spusa$ sudo gensdbfs . /lib/firmware/fdelay-eeprom.bin + spusa$ sdb-read -l -e 0x100 /lib/firmware/fdelay-eeprom.bin + /home/rubini/wip/sdbfs/userspace/sdb-read: listing format is to be defined + 46696c6544617461:2e202020 00000100-000018ff . + 46696c6544617461:6e616d65 00000200-00000206 name + 46696c6544617461:66642d63 00001800-000018ff fd-calib + 46696c6544617461:49504d49 00000000-000000d7 IPMI-FRU + spusa$ ../fru-dump /lib/firmware/fdelay-eeprom.bin + /lib/firmware/fdelay-eeprom.bin: manufacturer: CERN + /lib/firmware/fdelay-eeprom.bin: product-name: FmcDelay1ns4cha + /lib/firmware/fdelay-eeprom.bin: serial-number: proto-0 + /lib/firmware/fdelay-eeprom.bin: part-number: EDA-02267-V3 + +As expected, the output file is both a proper sdbfs object and an IPMI +FRU information blob. The fd-calib file lives at offset 0x1800 and is +over-allocated to 256 bytes, according to the configuration file for +gensdbfs. diff --git a/Documentation/fmc/mezzanine.txt b/Documentation/fmc/mezzanine.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..87910db --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/fmc/mezzanine.txt @@ -0,0 +1,123 @@ +FMC Driver +********** + +An FMC driver is concerned with the specific mezzanine and associated +gateware. As such, it is expected to be independent of the carrier +being used: it will perform I/O accesses only by means of +carrier-provided functions. + +The matching between device and driver is based on the content of the +EEPROM (as mandated by the FMC standard) or by the actual cores +configured in the FPGA; the latter technique is used when the FPGA is +already programmed when the device is registered to the bus core. + +In some special cases it is possible for a driver to directly access +FPGA registers, by means of the `fpga_base' field of the device +structure. This may be needed for high-bandwidth peripherals like fast +ADC cards. If the device module registered a remote device (for example +by means of Etherbone), the `fpga_base' pointer will be NULL. +Therefore, drivers must be ready to deal with NULL base pointers, and +fail gracefully. Most driver, however, are not expected to access the +pointer directly but run fmc_readl and fmc_writel instead, which will +work in any case. + +In even more special cases, the driver may access carrier-specific +functionality: the `carrier_name' string allows the driver to check +which is the current carrier and make use of the `carrier_data' +pointer. We chose to use carrier names rather than numeric identifiers +for greater flexibility, but also to avoid a central registry within +the `fmc.h' file - we hope other users will exploit our framework with +their own carriers. An example use of carrier names is in GPIO setup +(see *note The GPIO Abstraction::), although the name match is not +expected to be performed by the driver. If you depend on specific +carriers, please check the carrier name and fail gracefully if your +driver finds it is running in a yet-unknown-to-it environment. + + +ID Table +======== + +Like most other Linux drivers, and FMC driver must list all the devices +which it is able to drive. This is usually done by means of a device +table, but in FMC we can match hardware based either on the contents of +their EEPROM or on the actual FPGA cores that can be enumerated. +Therefore, we have two tables of identifiers. + +Matching of FRU information depends on two names, the manufacturer (or +vendor) and the device (see *note FMC Identification::); for +flexibility during production (i.e. before writing to the EEPROM) the +bus supports a catch-all driver that specifies NULL strings. For this +reason, the table is specified as pointer-and-length, not a a +null-terminated array - the entry with NULL names can be a valid entry. + +Matching on FPGA cores depends on two numeric fields: the 64-bit vendor +number and the 32-bit device number. Support for matching based on +class is not yet implemented. Each device is expected to be uniquely +identified by an array of cores (it matches if all of the cores are +instantiated), and for consistency the list is passed as +pointer-and-length. Several similar devices can be driven by the same +driver, and thus the driver specifies and array of such arrays. + +The complete set of involved data structures is thus the following: + + struct fmc_fru_id { char *manufacturer; char *product_name; }; + struct fmc_sdb_one_id { uint64_t vendor; uint32_t device; }; + struct fmc_sdb_id { struct fmc_sdb_one_id *cores; int cores_nr; }; + + struct fmc_device_id { + struct fmc_fru_id *fru_id; int fru_id_nr; + struct fmc_sdb_id *sdb_id; int sdb_id_nr; + }; + +A better reference, with full explanation, is the <linux/fmc.h> header. + + +Module Parameters +================= + +Most of the FMC drivers need the same set of kernel parameters. This +package includes support to implement common parameters by means of +fields in the `fmc_driver' structure and simple macro definitions. + +The parameters are carrier-specific, in that they rely on the busid +concept, that varies among carriers. For the SPEC, the identifier is a +PCI bus and devfn number, 16 bits wide in total; drivers for other +carriers will most likely offer something similar but not identical, +and some code duplication is unavoidable. + +This is the list of parameters that are common to several modules to +see how they are actually used, please look at spec-trivial.c. + +`busid=' + This is an array of integers, listing carrier-specific + identification numbers. For PIC, for example, `0x0400' represents + bus 4, slot 0. If any such ID is specified, the driver will only + accept to drive cards that appear in the list (even if the FMC ID + matches). This is accomplished by the validate carrier method. + +`gateware=' + The argument is an array of strings. If no busid= is specified, + the first string of gateware= is used for all cards; otherwise the + identifiers and gateware names are paired one by one, in the order + specified. + +`show_sdb=' + For modules supporting it, this parameter asks to show the SDB + internal structure by means of kernel messages. It is disabled by + default because those lines tend to hide more important messages, + if you look at the system console while loading the drivers. + Note: the parameter is being obsoleted, because fmc.ko itself now + supports dump_sdb= that applies to every client driver. + + +For example, if you are using the trivial driver to load two different +gateware files to two different cards, you can use the following +parameters to load different binaries to the cards, after looking up +the PCI identifiers. This has been tested with a SPEC carrier. + + insmod fmc-trivial.ko \ + busid=0x0200,0x0400 \ + gateware=fmc/fine-delay.bin,fmc/simple-dio.bin + +Please note that not all sub-modules support all of those parameters. +You can use modinfo to check what is supported by each module. diff --git a/Documentation/fmc/parameters.txt b/Documentation/fmc/parameters.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..59edf08 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/fmc/parameters.txt @@ -0,0 +1,56 @@ +Module Parameters in fmc.ko +*************************** + +The core driver receives two module parameters, meant to help debugging +client modules. Both parameters can be modified by writing to +/sys/module/fmc/parameters/, because they are used when client drivers +are devices are registered, not when fmc.ko is loaded. + +`dump_eeprom=' + If not zero, the parameter asks the bus controller to dump the + EEPROM of any device that is registered, using printk. + +`dump_sdb=' + If not zero, the parameter prints the SDB tree of every FPGA it is + loaded by fmc_reprogram(). If greater than one, it asks to dump + the binary content of SDB records. This currently only dumps the + top-level SDB array, though. + + +EEPROM dumping avoids repeating lines, since most of the contents is +usually empty and all bits are one or zero. This is an example of the +output: + + [ 6625.850480] spec 0000:02:00.0: FPGA programming successful + [ 6626.139949] spec 0000:02:00.0: Manufacturer: CERN + [ 6626.144666] spec 0000:02:00.0: Product name: FmcDelay1ns4cha + [ 6626.150370] FMC: mezzanine 0: 0000:02:00.0 on SPEC + [ 6626.155179] FMC: dumping eeprom 0x2000 (8192) bytes + [ 6626.160087] 0000: 01 00 00 01 00 0b 00 f3 01 0a 00 a5 85 87 c4 43 + [ 6626.167069] 0010: 45 52 4e cf 46 6d 63 44 65 6c 61 79 31 6e 73 34 + [ 6626.174019] 0020: 63 68 61 c7 70 72 6f 74 6f 2d 30 cc 45 44 41 2d + [ 6626.180975] 0030: 30 32 32 36 37 2d 56 33 da 32 30 31 32 2d 31 31 + [...] + [ 6626.371366] 0200: 66 64 65 6c 61 79 0a 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 + [ 6626.378359] 0210: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 + [ 6626.385361] [...] + [ 6626.387308] 1800: 70 6c 61 63 65 68 6f 6c 64 65 72 ff ff ff ff ff + [ 6626.394259] 1810: ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff + [ 6626.401250] [...] + +The dump of SDB looks like the following; the example shows the simple +golden gateware for the SPEC card, removing the leading timestamps to +fit the page: + + spec 0000:02:00.0: SDB: 00000651:e6a542c9 WB4-Crossbar-GSI + spec 0000:02:00.0: SDB: 0000ce42:ff07fc47 WR-Periph-Syscon (00000000-000000ff) + FMC: mezzanine 0: 0000:02:00.0 on SPEC + FMC: poor dump of sdb first level: + 0000: 53 44 42 2d 00 02 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 + 0010: 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 ff 00 00 00 00 00 00 06 51 + 0020: e6 a5 42 c9 00 00 00 02 20 12 05 11 57 42 34 2d + 0030: 43 72 6f 73 73 62 61 72 2d 47 53 49 20 20 20 00 + 0040: 00 00 01 01 00 00 00 07 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 + 0050: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ff 00 00 00 00 00 00 ce 42 + 0060: ff 07 fc 47 00 00 00 01 20 12 03 05 57 52 2d 50 + 0070: 65 72 69 70 68 2d 53 79 73 63 6f 6e 20 20 20 01 diff --git a/Documentation/w1/w1.generic b/Documentation/w1/w1.generic index 212f4ac..a31c5a2 100644 --- a/Documentation/w1/w1.generic +++ b/Documentation/w1/w1.generic @@ -25,8 +25,8 @@ When a w1 master driver registers with the w1 subsystem, the following occurs: - sysfs entries for that w1 master are created - the w1 bus is periodically searched for new slave devices -When a device is found on the bus, w1 core checks if driver for its family is -loaded. If so, the family driver is attached to the slave. +When a device is found on the bus, w1 core tries to load the driver for its family +and check if it is loaded. If so, the family driver is attached to the slave. If there is no driver for the family, default one is assigned, which allows to perform almost any kind of operations. Each logical operation is a transaction in nature, which can contain several (two or one) low-level operations. |
