diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation')
36 files changed, 1520 insertions, 1121 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/DMA-API.txt b/Documentation/DMA-API.txt index 5aceb88..05e2ae2 100644 --- a/Documentation/DMA-API.txt +++ b/Documentation/DMA-API.txt @@ -4,20 +4,18 @@ James E.J. Bottomley <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com> This document describes the DMA API. For a more gentle introduction -phrased in terms of the pci_ equivalents (and actual examples) see -Documentation/PCI/PCI-DMA-mapping.txt. +of the API (and actual examples) see +Documentation/DMA-API-HOWTO.txt. -This API is split into two pieces. Part I describes the API and the -corresponding pci_ API. Part II describes the extensions to the API -for supporting non-consistent memory machines. Unless you know that -your driver absolutely has to support non-consistent platforms (this -is usually only legacy platforms) you should only use the API -described in part I. +This API is split into two pieces. Part I describes the API. Part II +describes the extensions to the API for supporting non-consistent +memory machines. Unless you know that your driver absolutely has to +support non-consistent platforms (this is usually only legacy +platforms) you should only use the API described in part I. -Part I - pci_ and dma_ Equivalent API +Part I - dma_ API ------------------------------------- -To get the pci_ API, you must #include <linux/pci.h> To get the dma_ API, you must #include <linux/dma-mapping.h> @@ -27,9 +25,6 @@ Part Ia - Using large dma-coherent buffers void * dma_alloc_coherent(struct device *dev, size_t size, dma_addr_t *dma_handle, gfp_t flag) -void * -pci_alloc_consistent(struct pci_dev *dev, size_t size, - dma_addr_t *dma_handle) Consistent memory is memory for which a write by either the device or the processor can immediately be read by the processor or device @@ -53,15 +48,11 @@ The simplest way to do that is to use the dma_pool calls (see below). The flag parameter (dma_alloc_coherent only) allows the caller to specify the GFP_ flags (see kmalloc) for the allocation (the implementation may choose to ignore flags that affect the location of -the returned memory, like GFP_DMA). For pci_alloc_consistent, you -must assume GFP_ATOMIC behaviour. +the returned memory, like GFP_DMA). void dma_free_coherent(struct device *dev, size_t size, void *cpu_addr, dma_addr_t dma_handle) -void -pci_free_consistent(struct pci_dev *dev, size_t size, void *cpu_addr, - dma_addr_t dma_handle) Free the region of consistent memory you previously allocated. dev, size and dma_handle must all be the same as those passed into the @@ -89,10 +80,6 @@ for alignment, like queue heads needing to be aligned on N-byte boundaries. dma_pool_create(const char *name, struct device *dev, size_t size, size_t align, size_t alloc); - struct pci_pool * - pci_pool_create(const char *name, struct pci_device *dev, - size_t size, size_t align, size_t alloc); - The pool create() routines initialize a pool of dma-coherent buffers for use with a given device. It must be called in a context which can sleep. @@ -108,9 +95,6 @@ from this pool must not cross 4KByte boundaries. void *dma_pool_alloc(struct dma_pool *pool, gfp_t gfp_flags, dma_addr_t *dma_handle); - void *pci_pool_alloc(struct pci_pool *pool, gfp_t gfp_flags, - dma_addr_t *dma_handle); - This allocates memory from the pool; the returned memory will meet the size and alignment requirements specified at creation time. Pass GFP_ATOMIC to prevent blocking, or if it's permitted (not in_interrupt, not holding SMP locks), @@ -122,9 +106,6 @@ pool's device. void dma_pool_free(struct dma_pool *pool, void *vaddr, dma_addr_t addr); - void pci_pool_free(struct pci_pool *pool, void *vaddr, - dma_addr_t addr); - This puts memory back into the pool. The pool is what was passed to the pool allocation routine; the cpu (vaddr) and dma addresses are what were returned when that routine allocated the memory being freed. @@ -132,8 +113,6 @@ were returned when that routine allocated the memory being freed. void dma_pool_destroy(struct dma_pool *pool); - void pci_pool_destroy(struct pci_pool *pool); - The pool destroy() routines free the resources of the pool. They must be called in a context which can sleep. Make sure you've freed all allocated memory back to the pool before you destroy it. @@ -144,8 +123,6 @@ Part Ic - DMA addressing limitations int dma_supported(struct device *dev, u64 mask) -int -pci_dma_supported(struct pci_dev *hwdev, u64 mask) Checks to see if the device can support DMA to the memory described by mask. @@ -159,8 +136,14 @@ driver writers. int dma_set_mask(struct device *dev, u64 mask) + +Checks to see if the mask is possible and updates the device +parameters if it is. + +Returns: 0 if successful and a negative error if not. + int -pci_set_dma_mask(struct pci_device *dev, u64 mask) +dma_set_coherent_mask(struct device *dev, u64 mask) Checks to see if the mask is possible and updates the device parameters if it is. @@ -187,9 +170,6 @@ Part Id - Streaming DMA mappings dma_addr_t dma_map_single(struct device *dev, void *cpu_addr, size_t size, enum dma_data_direction direction) -dma_addr_t -pci_map_single(struct pci_dev *hwdev, void *cpu_addr, size_t size, - int direction) Maps a piece of processor virtual memory so it can be accessed by the device and returns the physical handle of the memory. @@ -198,14 +178,10 @@ The direction for both api's may be converted freely by casting. However the dma_ API uses a strongly typed enumerator for its direction: -DMA_NONE = PCI_DMA_NONE no direction (used for - debugging) -DMA_TO_DEVICE = PCI_DMA_TODEVICE data is going from the - memory to the device -DMA_FROM_DEVICE = PCI_DMA_FROMDEVICE data is coming from - the device to the - memory -DMA_BIDIRECTIONAL = PCI_DMA_BIDIRECTIONAL direction isn't known +DMA_NONE no direction (used for debugging) +DMA_TO_DEVICE data is going from the memory to the device +DMA_FROM_DEVICE data is coming from the device to the memory +DMA_BIDIRECTIONAL direction isn't known Notes: Not all memory regions in a machine can be mapped by this API. Further, regions that appear to be physically contiguous in @@ -268,9 +244,6 @@ cache lines are updated with data that the device may have changed). void dma_unmap_single(struct device *dev, dma_addr_t dma_addr, size_t size, enum dma_data_direction direction) -void -pci_unmap_single(struct pci_dev *hwdev, dma_addr_t dma_addr, - size_t size, int direction) Unmaps the region previously mapped. All the parameters passed in must be identical to those passed in (and returned) by the mapping @@ -280,15 +253,9 @@ dma_addr_t dma_map_page(struct device *dev, struct page *page, unsigned long offset, size_t size, enum dma_data_direction direction) -dma_addr_t -pci_map_page(struct pci_dev *hwdev, struct page *page, - unsigned long offset, size_t size, int direction) void dma_unmap_page(struct device *dev, dma_addr_t dma_address, size_t size, enum dma_data_direction direction) -void -pci_unmap_page(struct pci_dev *hwdev, dma_addr_t dma_address, - size_t size, int direction) API for mapping and unmapping for pages. All the notes and warnings for the other mapping APIs apply here. Also, although the <offset> @@ -299,9 +266,6 @@ cache width is. int dma_mapping_error(struct device *dev, dma_addr_t dma_addr) -int -pci_dma_mapping_error(struct pci_dev *hwdev, dma_addr_t dma_addr) - In some circumstances dma_map_single and dma_map_page will fail to create a mapping. A driver can check for these errors by testing the returned dma address with dma_mapping_error(). A non-zero return value means the mapping @@ -311,9 +275,6 @@ reduce current DMA mapping usage or delay and try again later). int dma_map_sg(struct device *dev, struct scatterlist *sg, int nents, enum dma_data_direction direction) - int - pci_map_sg(struct pci_dev *hwdev, struct scatterlist *sg, - int nents, int direction) Returns: the number of physical segments mapped (this may be shorter than <nents> passed in if some elements of the scatter/gather list are @@ -353,9 +314,6 @@ accessed sg->address and sg->length as shown above. void dma_unmap_sg(struct device *dev, struct scatterlist *sg, int nhwentries, enum dma_data_direction direction) - void - pci_unmap_sg(struct pci_dev *hwdev, struct scatterlist *sg, - int nents, int direction) Unmap the previously mapped scatter/gather list. All the parameters must be the same as those and passed in to the scatter/gather mapping @@ -365,21 +323,23 @@ Note: <nents> must be the number you passed in, *not* the number of physical entries returned. void -dma_sync_single(struct device *dev, dma_addr_t dma_handle, size_t size, - enum dma_data_direction direction) +dma_sync_single_for_cpu(struct device *dev, dma_addr_t dma_handle, size_t size, + enum dma_data_direction direction) void -pci_dma_sync_single(struct pci_dev *hwdev, dma_addr_t dma_handle, - size_t size, int direction) +dma_sync_single_for_device(struct device *dev, dma_addr_t dma_handle, size_t size, + enum dma_data_direction direction) void -dma_sync_sg(struct device *dev, struct scatterlist *sg, int nelems, - enum dma_data_direction direction) +dma_sync_sg_for_cpu(struct device *dev, struct scatterlist *sg, int nelems, + enum dma_data_direction direction) void -pci_dma_sync_sg(struct pci_dev *hwdev, struct scatterlist *sg, - int nelems, int direction) +dma_sync_sg_for_device(struct device *dev, struct scatterlist *sg, int nelems, + enum dma_data_direction direction) -Synchronise a single contiguous or scatter/gather mapping. All the -parameters must be the same as those passed into the single mapping -API. +Synchronise a single contiguous or scatter/gather mapping for the cpu +and device. With the sync_sg API, all the parameters must be the same +as those passed into the single mapping API. With the sync_single API, +you can use dma_handle and size parameters that aren't identical to +those passed into the single mapping API to do a partial sync. Notes: You must do this: @@ -461,9 +421,9 @@ void whizco_dma_map_sg_attrs(struct device *dev, dma_addr_t dma_addr, Part II - Advanced dma_ usage ----------------------------- -Warning: These pieces of the DMA API have no PCI equivalent. They -should also not be used in the majority of cases, since they cater for -unlikely corner cases that don't belong in usual drivers. +Warning: These pieces of the DMA API should not be used in the +majority of cases, since they cater for unlikely corner cases that +don't belong in usual drivers. If you don't understand how cache line coherency works between a processor and an I/O device, you should not be using this part of the @@ -514,16 +474,6 @@ into the width returned by this call. It will also always be a power of two for easy alignment. void -dma_sync_single_range(struct device *dev, dma_addr_t dma_handle, - unsigned long offset, size_t size, - enum dma_data_direction direction) - -Does a partial sync, starting at offset and continuing for size. You -must be careful to observe the cache alignment and width when doing -anything like this. You must also be extra careful about accessing -memory you intend to sync partially. - -void dma_cache_sync(struct device *dev, void *vaddr, size_t size, enum dma_data_direction direction) diff --git a/Documentation/HOWTO b/Documentation/HOWTO index 8495fc9..f5395af 100644 --- a/Documentation/HOWTO +++ b/Documentation/HOWTO @@ -221,8 +221,8 @@ branches. These different branches are: - main 2.6.x kernel tree - 2.6.x.y -stable kernel tree - 2.6.x -git kernel patches - - 2.6.x -mm kernel patches - subsystem specific kernel trees and patches + - the 2.6.x -next kernel tree for integration tests 2.6.x kernel tree ----------------- @@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ process is as follows: - As soon as a new kernel is released a two weeks window is open, during this period of time maintainers can submit big diffs to Linus, usually the patches that have already been included in the - -mm kernel for a few weeks. The preferred way to submit big changes + -next kernel for a few weeks. The preferred way to submit big changes is using git (the kernel's source management tool, more information can be found at http://git.or.cz/) but plain patches are also just fine. @@ -293,84 +293,43 @@ daily and represent the current state of Linus' tree. They are more experimental than -rc kernels since they are generated automatically without even a cursory glance to see if they are sane. -2.6.x -mm kernel patches ------------------------- -These are experimental kernel patches released by Andrew Morton. Andrew -takes all of the different subsystem kernel trees and patches and mushes -them together, along with a lot of patches that have been plucked from -the linux-kernel mailing list. This tree serves as a proving ground for -new features and patches. Once a patch has proved its worth in -mm for -a while Andrew or the subsystem maintainer pushes it on to Linus for -inclusion in mainline. - -It is heavily encouraged that all new patches get tested in the -mm tree -before they are sent to Linus for inclusion in the main kernel tree. Code -which does not make an appearance in -mm before the opening of the merge -window will prove hard to merge into the mainline. - -These kernels are not appropriate for use on systems that are supposed -to be stable and they are more risky to run than any of the other -branches. - -If you wish to help out with the kernel development process, please test -and use these kernel releases and provide feedback to the linux-kernel -mailing list if you have any problems, and if everything works properly. - -In addition to all the other experimental patches, these kernels usually -also contain any changes in the mainline -git kernels available at the -time of release. - -The -mm kernels are not released on a fixed schedule, but usually a few --mm kernels are released in between each -rc kernel (1 to 3 is common). - Subsystem Specific kernel trees and patches ------------------------------------------- -A number of the different kernel subsystem developers expose their -development trees so that others can see what is happening in the -different areas of the kernel. These trees are pulled into the -mm -kernel releases as described above. - -Here is a list of some of the different kernel trees available: - git trees: - - Kbuild development tree, Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org> - git.kernel.org:/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/sam/kbuild.git - - - ACPI development tree, Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com> - git.kernel.org:/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/lenb/linux-acpi-2.6.git - - - Block development tree, Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com> - git.kernel.org:/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/axboe/linux-2.6-block.git - - - DRM development tree, Dave Airlie <airlied@linux.ie> - git.kernel.org:/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/airlied/drm-2.6.git - - - ia64 development tree, Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com> - git.kernel.org:/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/aegl/linux-2.6.git - - - infiniband, Roland Dreier <rolandd@cisco.com> - git.kernel.org:/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/roland/infiniband.git - - - libata, Jeff Garzik <jgarzik@pobox.com> - git.kernel.org:/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jgarzik/libata-dev.git - - - network drivers, Jeff Garzik <jgarzik@pobox.com> - git.kernel.org:/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jgarzik/netdev-2.6.git - - - pcmcia, Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net> - git.kernel.org:/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/brodo/pcmcia-2.6.git - - - SCSI, James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@hansenpartnership.com> - git.kernel.org:/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jejb/scsi-misc-2.6.git - - - x86, Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> - git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/x86/linux-2.6-x86.git - - quilt trees: - - USB, Driver Core, and I2C, Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de> - kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/people/gregkh/gregkh-2.6/ +The maintainers of the various kernel subsystems --- and also many +kernel subsystem developers --- expose their current state of +development in source repositories. That way, others can see what is +happening in the different areas of the kernel. In areas where +development is rapid, a developer may be asked to base his submissions +onto such a subsystem kernel tree so that conflicts between the +submission and other already ongoing work are avoided. + +Most of these repositories are git trees, but there are also other SCMs +in use, or patch queues being published as quilt series. Addresses of +these subsystem repositories are listed in the MAINTAINERS file. Many +of them can be browsed at http://git.kernel.org/. + +Before a proposed patch is committed to such a subsystem tree, it is +subject to review which primarily happens on mailing lists (see the +respective section below). For several kernel subsystems, this review +process is tracked with the tool patchwork. Patchwork offers a web +interface which shows patch postings, any comments on a patch or +revisions to it, and maintainers can mark patches as under review, +accepted, or rejected. Most of these patchwork sites are listed at +http://patchwork.kernel.org/ or http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/. + +2.6.x -next kernel tree for integration tests +--------------------------------------------- +Before updates from subsystem trees are merged into the mainline 2.6.x +tree, they need to be integration-tested. For this purpose, a special +testing repository exists into which virtually all subsystem trees are +pulled on an almost daily basis: + http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/sfr/linux-next.git + http://linux.f-seidel.de/linux-next/pmwiki/ + +This way, the -next kernel gives a summary outlook onto what will be +expected to go into the mainline kernel at the next merge period. +Adventurous testers are very welcome to runtime-test the -next kernel. - Other kernel trees can be found listed at http://git.kernel.org/ and in - the MAINTAINERS file. Bug Reporting ------------- diff --git a/Documentation/IPMI.txt b/Documentation/IPMI.txt index bc38283..69dd29e 100644 --- a/Documentation/IPMI.txt +++ b/Documentation/IPMI.txt @@ -365,6 +365,7 @@ You can change this at module load time (for a module) with: regshifts=<shift1>,<shift2>,... slave_addrs=<addr1>,<addr2>,... force_kipmid=<enable1>,<enable2>,... + kipmid_max_busy_us=<ustime1>,<ustime2>,... unload_when_empty=[0|1] Each of these except si_trydefaults is a list, the first item for the @@ -433,6 +434,7 @@ kernel command line as: ipmi_si.regshifts=<shift1>,<shift2>,... ipmi_si.slave_addrs=<addr1>,<addr2>,... ipmi_si.force_kipmid=<enable1>,<enable2>,... + ipmi_si.kipmid_max_busy_us=<ustime1>,<ustime2>,... It works the same as the module parameters of the same names. @@ -450,6 +452,16 @@ force this thread on or off. If you force it off and don't have interrupts, the driver will run VERY slowly. Don't blame me, these interfaces suck. +Unfortunately, this thread can use a lot of CPU depending on the +interface's performance. This can waste a lot of CPU and cause +various issues with detecting idle CPU and using extra power. To +avoid this, the kipmid_max_busy_us sets the maximum amount of time, in +microseconds, that kipmid will spin before sleeping for a tick. This +value sets a balance between performance and CPU waste and needs to be +tuned to your needs. Maybe, someday, auto-tuning will be added, but +that's not a simple thing and even the auto-tuning would need to be +tuned to the user's desired performance. + The driver supports a hot add and remove of interfaces. This way, interfaces can be added or removed after the kernel is up and running. This is done using /sys/modules/ipmi_si/parameters/hotmod, which is a diff --git a/Documentation/Makefile b/Documentation/Makefile index 94b9457..6fc7ea1 100644 --- a/Documentation/Makefile +++ b/Documentation/Makefile @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ obj-m := DocBook/ accounting/ auxdisplay/ connector/ \ - filesystems/configfs/ ia64/ networking/ \ - pcmcia/ spi/ video4linux/ vm/ watchdog/src/ + filesystems/ filesystems/configfs/ ia64/ laptops/ networking/ \ + pcmcia/ spi/ timers/ video4linux/ vm/ watchdog/src/ diff --git a/Documentation/PCI/PCI-DMA-mapping.txt b/Documentation/PCI/PCI-DMA-mapping.txt index ecad88d..52618ab 100644 --- a/Documentation/PCI/PCI-DMA-mapping.txt +++ b/Documentation/PCI/PCI-DMA-mapping.txt @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ - Dynamic DMA mapping - =================== + Dynamic DMA mapping Guide + ========================= David S. Miller <davem@redhat.com> Richard Henderson <rth@cygnus.com> Jakub Jelinek <jakub@redhat.com> -This document describes the DMA mapping system in terms of the pci_ -API. For a similar API that works for generic devices, see +This is a guide to device driver writers on how to use the DMA API +with example pseudo-code. For a concise description of the API, see DMA-API.txt. Most of the 64bit platforms have special hardware that translates bus @@ -26,12 +26,15 @@ mapped only for the time they are actually used and unmapped after the DMA transfer. The following API will work of course even on platforms where no such -hardware exists, see e.g. arch/x86/include/asm/pci.h for how it is implemented on -top of the virt_to_bus interface. +hardware exists. + +Note that the DMA API works with any bus independent of the underlying +microprocessor architecture. You should use the DMA API rather than +the bus specific DMA API (e.g. pci_dma_*). First of all, you should make sure -#include <linux/pci.h> +#include <linux/dma-mapping.h> is in your driver. This file will obtain for you the definition of the dma_addr_t (which can hold any valid DMA address for the platform) @@ -78,44 +81,43 @@ for you to DMA from/to. DMA addressing limitations Does your device have any DMA addressing limitations? For example, is -your device only capable of driving the low order 24-bits of address -on the PCI bus for SAC DMA transfers? If so, you need to inform the -PCI layer of this fact. +your device only capable of driving the low order 24-bits of address? +If so, you need to inform the kernel of this fact. By default, the kernel assumes that your device can address the full -32-bits in a SAC cycle. For a 64-bit DAC capable device, this needs -to be increased. And for a device with limitations, as discussed in -the previous paragraph, it needs to be decreased. - -pci_alloc_consistent() by default will return 32-bit DMA addresses. -PCI-X specification requires PCI-X devices to support 64-bit -addressing (DAC) for all transactions. And at least one platform (SGI -SN2) requires 64-bit consistent allocations to operate correctly when -the IO bus is in PCI-X mode. Therefore, like with pci_set_dma_mask(), -it's good practice to call pci_set_consistent_dma_mask() to set the -appropriate mask even if your device only supports 32-bit DMA -(default) and especially if it's a PCI-X device. - -For correct operation, you must interrogate the PCI layer in your -device probe routine to see if the PCI controller on the machine can -properly support the DMA addressing limitation your device has. It is -good style to do this even if your device holds the default setting, +32-bits. For a 64-bit capable device, this needs to be increased. +And for a device with limitations, as discussed in the previous +paragraph, it needs to be decreased. + +Special note about PCI: PCI-X specification requires PCI-X devices to +support 64-bit addressing (DAC) for all transactions. And at least +one platform (SGI SN2) requires 64-bit consistent allocations to +operate correctly when the IO bus is in PCI-X mode. + +For correct operation, you must interrogate the kernel in your device +probe routine to see if the DMA controller on the machine can properly +support the DMA addressing limitation your device has. It is good +style to do this even if your device holds the default setting, because this shows that you did think about these issues wrt. your device. -The query is performed via a call to pci_set_dma_mask(): +The query is performed via a call to dma_set_mask(): - int pci_set_dma_mask(struct pci_dev *pdev, u64 device_mask); + int dma_set_mask(struct device *dev, u64 mask); The query for consistent allocations is performed via a call to -pci_set_consistent_dma_mask(): +dma_set_coherent_mask(): - int pci_set_consistent_dma_mask(struct pci_dev *pdev, u64 device_mask); + int dma_set_coherent_mask(struct device *dev, u64 mask); -Here, pdev is a pointer to the PCI device struct of your device, and -device_mask is a bit mask describing which bits of a PCI address your -device supports. It returns zero if your card can perform DMA -properly on the machine given the address mask you provided. +Here, dev is a pointer to the device struct of your device, and mask +is a bit mask describing which bits of an address your device +supports. It returns zero if your card can perform DMA properly on +the machine given the address mask you provided. In general, the +device struct of your device is embedded in the bus specific device +struct of your device. For example, a pointer to the device struct of +your PCI device is pdev->dev (pdev is a pointer to the PCI device +struct of your device). If it returns non-zero, your device cannot perform DMA properly on this platform, and attempting to do so will result in undefined @@ -133,31 +135,30 @@ of your driver reports that performance is bad or that the device is not even detected, you can ask them for the kernel messages to find out exactly why. -The standard 32-bit addressing PCI device would do something like -this: +The standard 32-bit addressing device would do something like this: - if (pci_set_dma_mask(pdev, DMA_BIT_MASK(32))) { + if (dma_set_mask(dev, DMA_BIT_MASK(32))) { printk(KERN_WARNING "mydev: No suitable DMA available.\n"); goto ignore_this_device; } -Another common scenario is a 64-bit capable device. The approach -here is to try for 64-bit DAC addressing, but back down to a -32-bit mask should that fail. The PCI platform code may fail the -64-bit mask not because the platform is not capable of 64-bit -addressing. Rather, it may fail in this case simply because -32-bit SAC addressing is done more efficiently than DAC addressing. -Sparc64 is one platform which behaves in this way. +Another common scenario is a 64-bit capable device. The approach here +is to try for 64-bit addressing, but back down to a 32-bit mask that +should not fail. The kernel may fail the 64-bit mask not because the +platform is not capable of 64-bit addressing. Rather, it may fail in +this case simply because 32-bit addressing is done more efficiently +than 64-bit addressing. For example, Sparc64 PCI SAC addressing is +more efficient than DAC addressing. Here is how you would handle a 64-bit capable device which can drive all 64-bits when accessing streaming DMA: int using_dac; - if (!pci_set_dma_mask(pdev, DMA_BIT_MASK(64))) { + if (!dma_set_mask(dev, DMA_BIT_MASK(64))) { using_dac = 1; - } else if (!pci_set_dma_mask(pdev, DMA_BIT_MASK(32))) { + } else if (!dma_set_mask(dev, DMA_BIT_MASK(32))) { using_dac = 0; } else { printk(KERN_WARNING @@ -170,36 +171,36 @@ the case would look like this: int using_dac, consistent_using_dac; - if (!pci_set_dma_mask(pdev, DMA_BIT_MASK(64))) { + if (!dma_set_mask(dev, DMA_BIT_MASK(64))) { using_dac = 1; consistent_using_dac = 1; - pci_set_consistent_dma_mask(pdev, DMA_BIT_MASK(64)); - } else if (!pci_set_dma_mask(pdev, DMA_BIT_MASK(32))) { + dma_set_coherent_mask(dev, DMA_BIT_MASK(64)); + } else if (!dma_set_mask(dev, DMA_BIT_MASK(32))) { using_dac = 0; consistent_using_dac = 0; - pci_set_consistent_dma_mask(pdev, DMA_BIT_MASK(32)); + dma_set_coherent_mask(dev, DMA_BIT_MASK(32)); } else { printk(KERN_WARNING "mydev: No suitable DMA available.\n"); goto ignore_this_device; } -pci_set_consistent_dma_mask() will always be able to set the same or a -smaller mask as pci_set_dma_mask(). However for the rare case that a +dma_set_coherent_mask() will always be able to set the same or a +smaller mask as dma_set_mask(). However for the rare case that a device driver only uses consistent allocations, one would have to -check the return value from pci_set_consistent_dma_mask(). +check the return value from dma_set_coherent_mask(). Finally, if your device can only drive the low 24-bits of -address during PCI bus mastering you might do something like: +address you might do something like: - if (pci_set_dma_mask(pdev, DMA_BIT_MASK(24))) { + if (dma_set_mask(dev, DMA_BIT_MASK(24))) { printk(KERN_WARNING "mydev: 24-bit DMA addressing not available.\n"); goto ignore_this_device; } -When pci_set_dma_mask() is successful, and returns zero, the PCI layer -saves away this mask you have provided. The PCI layer will use this +When dma_set_mask() is successful, and returns zero, the kernel saves +away this mask you have provided. The kernel will use this information later when you make DMA mappings. There is a case which we are aware of at this time, which is worth @@ -208,7 +209,7 @@ functions (for example a sound card provides playback and record functions) and the various different functions have _different_ DMA addressing limitations, you may wish to probe each mask and only provide the functionality which the machine can handle. It -is important that the last call to pci_set_dma_mask() be for the +is important that the last call to dma_set_mask() be for the most specific mask. Here is pseudo-code showing how this might be done: @@ -217,17 +218,17 @@ Here is pseudo-code showing how this might be done: #define RECORD_ADDRESS_BITS DMA_BIT_MASK(24) struct my_sound_card *card; - struct pci_dev *pdev; + struct device *dev; ... - if (!pci_set_dma_mask(pdev, PLAYBACK_ADDRESS_BITS)) { + if (!dma_set_mask(dev, PLAYBACK_ADDRESS_BITS)) { card->playback_enabled = 1; } else { card->playback_enabled = 0; printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: Playback disabled due to DMA limitations.\n", card->name); } - if (!pci_set_dma_mask(pdev, RECORD_ADDRESS_BITS)) { + if (!dma_set_mask(dev, RECORD_ADDRESS_BITS)) { card->record_enabled = 1; } else { card->record_enabled = 0; @@ -252,8 +253,8 @@ There are two types of DMA mappings: Think of "consistent" as "synchronous" or "coherent". The current default is to return consistent memory in the low 32 - bits of the PCI bus space. However, for future compatibility you - should set the consistent mask even if this default is fine for your + bits of the bus space. However, for future compatibility you should + set the consistent mask even if this default is fine for your driver. Good examples of what to use consistent mappings for are: @@ -285,9 +286,9 @@ There are two types of DMA mappings: found in PCI bridges (such as by reading a register's value after writing it). -- Streaming DMA mappings which are usually mapped for one DMA transfer, - unmapped right after it (unless you use pci_dma_sync_* below) and for which - hardware can optimize for sequential accesses. +- Streaming DMA mappings which are usually mapped for one DMA + transfer, unmapped right after it (unless you use dma_sync_* below) + and for which hardware can optimize for sequential accesses. This of "streaming" as "asynchronous" or "outside the coherency domain". @@ -302,8 +303,8 @@ There are two types of DMA mappings: optimizations the hardware allows. To this end, when using such mappings you must be explicit about what you want to happen. -Neither type of DMA mapping has alignment restrictions that come -from PCI, although some devices may have such restrictions. +Neither type of DMA mapping has alignment restrictions that come from +the underlying bus, although some devices may have such restrictions. Also, systems with caches that aren't DMA-coherent will work better when the underlying buffers don't share cache lines with other data. @@ -315,33 +316,27 @@ you should do: dma_addr_t dma_handle; - cpu_addr = pci_alloc_consistent(pdev, size, &dma_handle); - -where pdev is a struct pci_dev *. This may be called in interrupt context. -You should use dma_alloc_coherent (see DMA-API.txt) for buses -where devices don't have struct pci_dev (like ISA, EISA). + cpu_addr = dma_alloc_coherent(dev, size, &dma_handle, gfp); -This argument is needed because the DMA translations may be bus -specific (and often is private to the bus which the device is attached -to). +where device is a struct device *. This may be called in interrupt +context with the GFP_ATOMIC flag. Size is the length of the region you want to allocate, in bytes. This routine will allocate RAM for that region, so it acts similarly to __get_free_pages (but takes size instead of a page order). If your driver needs regions sized smaller than a page, you may prefer using -the pci_pool interface, described below. - -The consistent DMA mapping interfaces, for non-NULL pdev, will by -default return a DMA address which is SAC (Single Address Cycle) -addressable. Even if the device indicates (via PCI dma mask) that it -may address the upper 32-bits and thus perform DAC cycles, consistent -allocation will only return > 32-bit PCI addresses for DMA if the -consistent dma mask has been explicitly changed via -pci_set_consistent_dma_mask(). This is true of the pci_pool interface -as well. - -pci_alloc_consistent returns two values: the virtual address which you +the dma_pool interface, described below. + +The consistent DMA mapping interfaces, for non-NULL dev, will by +default return a DMA address which is 32-bit addressable. Even if the +device indicates (via DMA mask) that it may address the upper 32-bits, +consistent allocation will only return > 32-bit addresses for DMA if +the consistent DMA mask has been explicitly changed via +dma_set_coherent_mask(). This is true of the dma_pool interface as +well. + +dma_alloc_coherent returns two values: the virtual address which you can use to access it from the CPU and dma_handle which you pass to the card. @@ -354,54 +349,54 @@ buffer you receive will not cross a 64K boundary. To unmap and free such a DMA region, you call: - pci_free_consistent(pdev, size, cpu_addr, dma_handle); + dma_free_coherent(dev, size, cpu_addr, dma_handle); -where pdev, size are the same as in the above call and cpu_addr and -dma_handle are the values pci_alloc_consistent returned to you. +where dev, size are the same as in the above call and cpu_addr and +dma_handle are the values dma_alloc_coherent returned to you. This function may not be called in interrupt context. If your driver needs lots of smaller memory regions, you can write -custom code to subdivide pages returned by pci_alloc_consistent, -or you can use the pci_pool API to do that. A pci_pool is like -a kmem_cache, but it uses pci_alloc_consistent not __get_free_pages. +custom code to subdivide pages returned by dma_alloc_coherent, +or you can use the dma_pool API to do that. A dma_pool is like +a kmem_cache, but it uses dma_alloc_coherent not __get_free_pages. Also, it understands common hardware constraints for alignment, like queue heads needing to be aligned on N byte boundaries. -Create a pci_pool like this: +Create a dma_pool like this: - struct pci_pool *pool; + struct dma_pool *pool; - pool = pci_pool_create(name, pdev, size, align, alloc); + pool = dma_pool_create(name, dev, size, align, alloc); -The "name" is for diagnostics (like a kmem_cache name); pdev and size +The "name" is for diagnostics (like a kmem_cache name); dev and size are as above. The device's hardware alignment requirement for this type of data is "align" (which is expressed in bytes, and must be a power of two). If your device has no boundary crossing restrictions, pass 0 for alloc; passing 4096 says memory allocated from this pool must not cross 4KByte boundaries (but at that time it may be better to -go for pci_alloc_consistent directly instead). +go for dma_alloc_coherent directly instead). -Allocate memory from a pci pool like this: +Allocate memory from a dma pool like this: - cpu_addr = pci_pool_alloc(pool, flags, &dma_handle); + cpu_addr = dma_pool_alloc(pool, flags, &dma_handle); flags are SLAB_KERNEL if blocking is permitted (not in_interrupt nor -holding SMP locks), SLAB_ATOMIC otherwise. Like pci_alloc_consistent, +holding SMP locks), SLAB_ATOMIC otherwise. Like dma_alloc_coherent, this returns two values, cpu_addr and dma_handle. -Free memory that was allocated from a pci_pool like this: +Free memory that was allocated from a dma_pool like this: - pci_pool_free(pool, cpu_addr, dma_handle); + dma_pool_free(pool, cpu_addr, dma_handle); -where pool is what you passed to pci_pool_alloc, and cpu_addr and -dma_handle are the values pci_pool_alloc returned. This function +where pool is what you passed to dma_pool_alloc, and cpu_addr and +dma_handle are the values dma_pool_alloc returned. This function may be called in interrupt context. -Destroy a pci_pool by calling: +Destroy a dma_pool by calling: - pci_pool_destroy(pool); + dma_pool_destroy(pool); -Make sure you've called pci_pool_free for all memory allocated +Make sure you've called dma_pool_free for all memory allocated from a pool before you destroy the pool. This function may not be called in interrupt context. @@ -411,15 +406,15 @@ The interfaces described in subsequent portions of this document take a DMA direction argument, which is an integer and takes on one of the following values: - PCI_DMA_BIDIRECTIONAL - PCI_DMA_TODEVICE - PCI_DMA_FROMDEVICE - PCI_DMA_NONE + DMA_BIDIRECTIONAL + DMA_TO_DEVICE + DMA_FROM_DEVICE + DMA_NONE One should provide the exact DMA direction if you know it. -PCI_DMA_TODEVICE means "from main memory to the PCI device" -PCI_DMA_FROMDEVICE means "from the PCI device to main memory" +DMA_TO_DEVICE means "from main memory to the device" +DMA_FROM_DEVICE means "from the device to main memory" It is the direction in which the data moves during the DMA transfer. @@ -427,12 +422,12 @@ You are _strongly_ encouraged to specify this as precisely as you possibly can. If you absolutely cannot know the direction of the DMA transfer, -specify PCI_DMA_BIDIRECTIONAL. It means that the DMA can go in +specify DMA_BIDIRECTIONAL. It means that the DMA can go in either direction. The platform guarantees that you may legally specify this, and that it will work, but this may be at the cost of performance for example. -The value PCI_DMA_NONE is to be used for debugging. One can +The value DMA_NONE is to be used for debugging. One can hold this in a data structure before you come to know the precise direction, and this will help catch cases where your direction tracking logic has failed to set things up properly. @@ -442,21 +437,21 @@ potential platform-specific optimizations of such) is for debugging. Some platforms actually have a write permission boolean which DMA mappings can be marked with, much like page protections in the user program address space. Such platforms can and do report errors in the -kernel logs when the PCI controller hardware detects violation of the +kernel logs when the DMA controller hardware detects violation of the permission setting. Only streaming mappings specify a direction, consistent mappings implicitly have a direction attribute setting of -PCI_DMA_BIDIRECTIONAL. +DMA_BIDIRECTIONAL. The SCSI subsystem tells you the direction to use in the 'sc_data_direction' member of the SCSI command your driver is working on. For Networking drivers, it's a rather simple affair. For transmit -packets, map/unmap them with the PCI_DMA_TODEVICE direction +packets, map/unmap them with the DMA_TO_DEVICE direction specifier. For receive packets, just the opposite, map/unmap them -with the PCI_DMA_FROMDEVICE direction specifier. +with the DMA_FROM_DEVICE direction specifier. Using Streaming DMA mappings @@ -467,43 +462,43 @@ scatterlist. To map a single region, you do: - struct pci_dev *pdev = mydev->pdev; + struct device *dev = &my_dev->dev; dma_addr_t dma_handle; void *addr = buffer->ptr; size_t size = buffer->len; - dma_handle = pci_map_single(pdev, addr, size, direction); + dma_handle = dma_map_single(dev, addr, size, direction); and to unmap it: - pci_unmap_single(pdev, dma_handle, size, direction); + dma_unmap_single(dev, dma_handle, size, direction); -You should call pci_unmap_single when the DMA activity is finished, e.g. +You should call dma_unmap_single when the DMA activity is finished, e.g. from the interrupt which told you that the DMA transfer is done. Using cpu pointers like this for single mappings has a disadvantage, you cannot reference HIGHMEM memory in this way. Thus, there is a -map/unmap interface pair akin to pci_{map,unmap}_single. These +map/unmap interface pair akin to dma_{map,unmap}_single. These interfaces deal with page/offset pairs instead of cpu pointers. Specifically: - struct pci_dev *pdev = mydev->pdev; + struct device *dev = &my_dev->dev; dma_addr_t dma_handle; struct page *page = buffer->page; unsigned long offset = buffer->offset; size_t size = buffer->len; - dma_handle = pci_map_page(pdev, page, offset, size, direction); + dma_handle = dma_map_page(dev, page, offset, size, direction); ... - pci_unmap_page(pdev, dma_handle, size, direction); + dma_unmap_page(dev, dma_handle, size, direction); Here, "offset" means byte offset within the given page. With scatterlists, you map a region gathered from several regions by: - int i, count = pci_map_sg(pdev, sglist, nents, direction); + int i, count = dma_map_sg(dev, sglist, nents, direction); struct scatterlist *sg; for_each_sg(sglist, sg, count, i) { @@ -527,16 +522,16 @@ accessed sg->address and sg->length as shown above. To unmap a scatterlist, just call: - pci_unmap_sg(pdev, sglist, nents, direction); + dma_unmap_sg(dev, sglist, nents, direction); Again, make sure DMA activity has already finished. -PLEASE NOTE: The 'nents' argument to the pci_unmap_sg call must be - the _same_ one you passed into the pci_map_sg call, +PLEASE NOTE: The 'nents' argument to the dma_unmap_sg call must be + the _same_ one you passed into the dma_map_sg call, it should _NOT_ be the 'count' value _returned_ from the - pci_map_sg call. + dma_map_sg call. -Every pci_map_{single,sg} call should have its pci_unmap_{single,sg} +Every dma_map_{single,sg} call should have its dma_unmap_{single,sg} counterpart, because the bus address space is a shared resource (although in some ports the mapping is per each BUS so less devices contend for the same bus address space) and you could render the machine unusable by eating @@ -547,14 +542,14 @@ the data in between the DMA transfers, the buffer needs to be synced properly in order for the cpu and device to see the most uptodate and correct copy of the DMA buffer. -So, firstly, just map it with pci_map_{single,sg}, and after each DMA +So, firstly, just map it with dma_map_{single,sg}, and after each DMA transfer call either: - pci_dma_sync_single_for_cpu(pdev, dma_handle, size, direction); + dma_sync_single_for_cpu(dev, dma_handle, size, direction); or: - pci_dma_sync_sg_for_cpu(pdev, sglist, nents, direction); + dma_sync_sg_for_cpu(dev, sglist, nents, direction); as appropriate. @@ -562,27 +557,27 @@ Then, if you wish to let the device get at the DMA area again, finish accessing the data with the cpu, and then before actually giving the buffer to the hardware call either: - pci_dma_sync_single_for_device(pdev, dma_handle, size, direction); + dma_sync_single_for_device(dev, dma_handle, size, direction); or: - pci_dma_sync_sg_for_device(dev, sglist, nents, direction); + dma_sync_sg_for_device(dev, sglist, nents, direction); as appropriate. After the last DMA transfer call one of the DMA unmap routines -pci_unmap_{single,sg}. If you don't touch the data from the first pci_map_* -call till pci_unmap_*, then you don't have to call the pci_dma_sync_* +dma_unmap_{single,sg}. If you don't touch the data from the first dma_map_* +call till dma_unmap_*, then you don't have to call the dma_sync_* routines at all. Here is pseudo code which shows a situation in which you would need -to use the pci_dma_sync_*() interfaces. +to use the dma_sync_*() interfaces. my_card_setup_receive_buffer(struct my_card *cp, char *buffer, int len) { dma_addr_t mapping; - mapping = pci_map_single(cp->pdev, buffer, len, PCI_DMA_FROMDEVICE); + mapping = dma_map_single(cp->dev, buffer, len, DMA_FROM_DEVICE); cp->rx_buf = buffer; cp->rx_len = len; @@ -606,25 +601,25 @@ to use the pci_dma_sync_*() interfaces. * the DMA transfer with the CPU first * so that we see updated contents. */ - pci_dma_sync_single_for_cpu(cp->pdev, cp->rx_dma, - cp->rx_len, - PCI_DMA_FROMDEVICE); + dma_sync_single_for_cpu(&cp->dev, cp->rx_dma, + cp->rx_len, + DMA_FROM_DEVICE); /* Now it is safe to examine the buffer. */ hp = (struct my_card_header *) cp->rx_buf; if (header_is_ok(hp)) { - pci_unmap_single(cp->pdev, cp->rx_dma, cp->rx_len, - PCI_DMA_FROMDEVICE); + dma_unmap_single(&cp->dev, cp->rx_dma, cp->rx_len, + DMA_FROM_DEVICE); pass_to_upper_layers(cp->rx_buf); make_and_setup_new_rx_buf(cp); } else { /* Just sync the buffer and give it back * to the card. */ - pci_dma_sync_single_for_device(cp->pdev, - cp->rx_dma, - cp->rx_len, - PCI_DMA_FROMDEVICE); + dma_sync_single_for_device(&cp->dev, + cp->rx_dma, + cp->rx_len, + DMA_FROM_DEVICE); give_rx_buf_to_card(cp); } } @@ -634,19 +629,19 @@ Drivers converted fully to this interface should not use virt_to_bus any longer, nor should they use bus_to_virt. Some drivers have to be changed a little bit, because there is no longer an equivalent to bus_to_virt in the dynamic DMA mapping scheme - you have to always store the DMA addresses -returned by the pci_alloc_consistent, pci_pool_alloc, and pci_map_single -calls (pci_map_sg stores them in the scatterlist itself if the platform +returned by the dma_alloc_coherent, dma_pool_alloc, and dma_map_single +calls (dma_map_sg stores them in the scatterlist itself if the platform supports dynamic DMA mapping in hardware) in your driver structures and/or in the card registers. -All PCI drivers should be using these interfaces with no exceptions. -It is planned to completely remove virt_to_bus() and bus_to_virt() as +All drivers should be using these interfaces with no exceptions. It +is planned to completely remove virt_to_bus() and bus_to_virt() as they are entirely deprecated. Some ports already do not provide these as it is impossible to correctly support them. Optimizing Unmap State Space Consumption -On many platforms, pci_unmap_{single,page}() is simply a nop. +On many platforms, dma_unmap_{single,page}() is simply a nop. Therefore, keeping track of the mapping address and length is a waste of space. Instead of filling your drivers up with ifdefs and the like to "work around" this (which would defeat the whole purpose of a @@ -655,7 +650,7 @@ portable API) the following facilities are provided. Actually, instead of describing the macros one by one, we'll transform some example code. -1) Use DECLARE_PCI_UNMAP_{ADDR,LEN} in state saving structures. +1) Use DEFINE_DMA_UNMAP_{ADDR,LEN} in state saving structures. Example, before: struct ring_state { @@ -668,14 +663,11 @@ transform some example code. struct ring_state { struct sk_buff *skb; - DECLARE_PCI_UNMAP_ADDR(mapping) - DECLARE_PCI_UNMAP_LEN(len) + DEFINE_DMA_UNMAP_ADDR(mapping); + DEFINE_DMA_UNMAP_LEN(len); }; - NOTE: DO NOT put a semicolon at the end of the DECLARE_*() - macro. - -2) Use pci_unmap_{addr,len}_set to set these values. +2) Use dma_unmap_{addr,len}_set to set these values. Example, before: ringp->mapping = FOO; @@ -683,21 +675,21 @@ transform some example code. after: - pci_unmap_addr_set(ringp, mapping, FOO); - pci_unmap_len_set(ringp, len, BAR); + dma_unmap_addr_set(ringp, mapping, FOO); + dma_unmap_len_set(ringp, len, BAR); -3) Use pci_unmap_{addr,len} to access these values. +3) Use dma_unmap_{addr,len} to access these values. Example, before: - pci_unmap_single(pdev, ringp->mapping, ringp->len, - PCI_DMA_FROMDEVICE); + dma_unmap_single(dev, ringp->mapping, ringp->len, + DMA_FROM_DEVICE); after: - pci_unmap_single(pdev, - pci_unmap_addr(ringp, mapping), - pci_unmap_len(ringp, len), - PCI_DMA_FROMDEVICE); + dma_unmap_single(dev, + dma_unmap_addr(ringp, mapping), + dma_unmap_len(ringp, len), + DMA_FROM_DEVICE); It really should be self-explanatory. We treat the ADDR and LEN separately, because it is possible for an implementation to only @@ -732,15 +724,15 @@ to "Closing". DMA address space is limited on some architectures and an allocation failure can be determined by: -- checking if pci_alloc_consistent returns NULL or pci_map_sg returns 0 +- checking if dma_alloc_coherent returns NULL or dma_map_sg returns 0 -- checking the returned dma_addr_t of pci_map_single and pci_map_page - by using pci_dma_mapping_error(): +- checking the returned dma_addr_t of dma_map_single and dma_map_page + by using dma_mapping_error(): dma_addr_t dma_handle; - dma_handle = pci_map_single(pdev, addr, size, direction); - if (pci_dma_mapping_error(pdev, dma_handle)) { + dma_handle = dma_map_single(dev, addr, size, direction); + if (dma_mapping_error(dev, dma_handle)) { /* * reduce current DMA mapping usage, * delay and try again later or diff --git a/Documentation/SubmitChecklist b/Documentation/SubmitChecklist index 1053a56..8916ca4 100644 --- a/Documentation/SubmitChecklist +++ b/Documentation/SubmitChecklist @@ -9,10 +9,14 @@ Documentation/SubmittingPatches and elsewhere regarding submitting Linux kernel patches. -1: Builds cleanly with applicable or modified CONFIG options =y, =m, and +1: If you use a facility then #include the file that defines/declares + that facility. Don't depend on other header files pulling in ones + that you use. + +2: Builds cleanly with applicable or modified CONFIG options =y, =m, and =n. No gcc warnings/errors, no linker warnings/errors. -2: Passes allnoconfig, allmodconfig +2b: Passes allnoconfig, allmodconfig 3: Builds on multiple CPU architectures by using local cross-compile tools or some other build farm. diff --git a/Documentation/arm/Samsung/Overview.txt b/Documentation/arm/Samsung/Overview.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7cced1f --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/arm/Samsung/Overview.txt @@ -0,0 +1,86 @@ + Samsung ARM Linux Overview + ========================== + +Introduction +------------ + + The Samsung range of ARM SoCs spans many similar devices, from the initial + ARM9 through to the newest ARM cores. This document shows an overview of + the current kernel support, how to use it and where to find the code + that supports this. + + The currently supported SoCs are: + + - S3C24XX: See Documentation/arm/Samsung-S3C24XX/Overview.txt for full list + - S3C64XX: S3C6400 and S3C6410 + - S5PC6440 + + S5PC100 and S5PC110 support is currently being merged + + +S3C24XX Systems +--------------- + + There is still documentation in Documnetation/arm/Samsung-S3C24XX/ which + deals with the architecture and drivers specific to these devices. + + See Documentation/arm/Samsung-S3C24XX/Overview.txt for more information + on the implementation details and specific support. + + +Configuration +------------- + + A number of configurations are supplied, as there is no current way of + unifying all the SoCs into one kernel. + + s5p6440_defconfig - S5P6440 specific default configuration + s5pc100_defconfig - S5PC100 specific default configuration + + +Layout +------ + + The directory layout is currently being restructured, and consists of + several platform directories and then the machine specific directories + of the CPUs being built for. + + plat-samsung provides the base for all the implementations, and is the + last in the line of include directories that are processed for the build + specific information. It contains the base clock, GPIO and device definitions + to get the system running. + + plat-s3c is the s3c24xx/s3c64xx platform directory, although it is currently + involved in other builds this will be phased out once the relevant code is + moved elsewhere. + + plat-s3c24xx is for s3c24xx specific builds, see the S3C24XX docs. + + plat-s3c64xx is for the s3c64xx specific bits, see the S3C24XX docs. + + plat-s5p is for s5p specific builds, more to be added. + + + [ to finish ] + + +Port Contributors +----------------- + + Ben Dooks (BJD) + Vincent Sanders + Herbert Potzl + Arnaud Patard (RTP) + Roc Wu + Klaus Fetscher + Dimitry Andric + Shannon Holland + Guillaume Gourat (NexVision) + Christer Weinigel (wingel) (Acer N30) + Lucas Correia Villa Real (S3C2400 port) + + +Document Author +--------------- + +Copyright 2009-2010 Ben Dooks <ben-linux@fluff.org> diff --git a/Documentation/arm/Samsung/clksrc-change-registers.awk b/Documentation/arm/Samsung/clksrc-change-registers.awk new file mode 100755 index 0000000..0c50220 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/arm/Samsung/clksrc-change-registers.awk @@ -0,0 +1,167 @@ +#!/usr/bin/awk -f +# +# Copyright 2010 Ben Dooks <ben-linux@fluff.org> +# +# Released under GPLv2 + +# example usage +# ./clksrc-change-registers.awk arch/arm/plat-s5pc1xx/include/plat/regs-clock.h < src > dst + +function extract_value(s) +{ + eqat = index(s, "=") + comat = index(s, ",") + return substr(s, eqat+2, (comat-eqat)-2) +} + +function remove_brackets(b) +{ + return substr(b, 2, length(b)-2) +} + +function splitdefine(l, p) +{ + r = split(l, tp) + + p[0] = tp[2] + p[1] = remove_brackets(tp[3]) +} + +function find_length(f) +{ + if (0) + printf "find_length " f "\n" > "/dev/stderr" + + if (f ~ /0x1/) + return 1 + else if (f ~ /0x3/) + return 2 + else if (f ~ /0x7/) + return 3 + else if (f ~ /0xf/) + return 4 + + printf "unknown legnth " f "\n" > "/dev/stderr" + exit +} + +function find_shift(s) +{ + id = index(s, "<") + if (id <= 0) { + printf "cannot find shift " s "\n" > "/dev/stderr" + exit + } + + return substr(s, id+2) +} + + +BEGIN { + if (ARGC < 2) { + print "too few arguments" > "/dev/stderr" + exit + } + +# read the header file and find the mask values that we will need +# to replace and create an associative array of values + + while (getline line < ARGV[1] > 0) { + if (line ~ /\#define.*_MASK/ && + !(line ~ /S5PC100_EPLL_MASK/) && + !(line ~ /USB_SIG_MASK/)) { + splitdefine(line, fields) + name = fields[0] + if (0) + printf "MASK " line "\n" > "/dev/stderr" + dmask[name,0] = find_length(fields[1]) + dmask[name,1] = find_shift(fields[1]) + if (0) + printf "=> '" name "' LENGTH=" dmask[name,0] " SHIFT=" dmask[name,1] "\n" > "/dev/stderr" + } else { + } + } + + delete ARGV[1] +} + +/clksrc_clk.*=.*{/ { + shift="" + mask="" + divshift="" + reg_div="" + reg_src="" + indent=1 + + print $0 + + for(; indent >= 1;) { + if ((getline line) <= 0) { + printf "unexpected end of file" > "/dev/stderr" + exit 1; + } + + if (line ~ /\.shift/) { + shift = extract_value(line) + } else if (line ~ /\.mask/) { + mask = extract_value(line) + } else if (line ~ /\.reg_divider/) { + reg_div = extract_value(line) + } else if (line ~ /\.reg_source/) { + reg_src = extract_value(line) + } else if (line ~ /\.divider_shift/) { + divshift = extract_value(line) + } else if (line ~ /{/) { + indent++ + print line + } else if (line ~ /}/) { + indent-- + + if (indent == 0) { + if (0) { + printf "shift '" shift "' ='" dmask[shift,0] "'\n" > "/dev/stderr" + printf "mask '" mask "'\n" > "/dev/stderr" + printf "dshft '" divshift "'\n" > "/dev/stderr" + printf "rdiv '" reg_div "'\n" > "/dev/stderr" + printf "rsrc '" reg_src "'\n" > "/dev/stderr" + } + + generated = mask + sub(reg_src, reg_div, generated) + + if (0) { + printf "/* rsrc " reg_src " */\n" + printf "/* rdiv " reg_div " */\n" + printf "/* shift " shift " */\n" + printf "/* mask " mask " */\n" + printf "/* generated " generated " */\n" + } + + if (reg_div != "") { + printf "\t.reg_div = { " + printf ".reg = " reg_div ", " + printf ".shift = " dmask[generated,1] ", " + printf ".size = " dmask[generated,0] ", " + printf "},\n" + } + + printf "\t.reg_src = { " + printf ".reg = " reg_src ", " + printf ".shift = " dmask[mask,1] ", " + printf ".size = " dmask[mask,0] ", " + + printf "},\n" + + } + + print line + } else { + print line + } + + if (0) + printf indent ":" line "\n" > "/dev/stderr" + } +} + +// && ! /clksrc_clk.*=.*{/ { print $0 } diff --git a/Documentation/cgroups/cgroup_event_listener.c b/Documentation/cgroups/cgroup_event_listener.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8c2bfc4 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/cgroups/cgroup_event_listener.c @@ -0,0 +1,110 @@ +/* + * cgroup_event_listener.c - Simple listener of cgroup events + * + * Copyright (C) Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill@shutemov.name> + */ + +#include <assert.h> +#include <errno.h> +#include <fcntl.h> +#include <libgen.h> +#include <limits.h> +#include <stdio.h> +#include <string.h> +#include <unistd.h> + +#include <sys/eventfd.h> + +#define USAGE_STR "Usage: cgroup_event_listener <path-to-control-file> <args>\n" + +int main(int argc, char **argv) +{ + int efd = -1; + int cfd = -1; + int event_control = -1; + char event_control_path[PATH_MAX]; + char line[LINE_MAX]; + int ret; + + if (argc != 3) { + fputs(USAGE_STR, stderr); + return 1; + } + + cfd = open(argv[1], O_RDONLY); + if (cfd == -1) { + fprintf(stderr, "Cannot open %s: %s\n", argv[1], + strerror(errno)); + goto out; + } + + ret = snprintf(event_control_path, PATH_MAX, "%s/cgroup.event_control", + dirname(argv[1])); + if (ret >= PATH_MAX) { + fputs("Path to cgroup.event_control is too long\n", stderr); + goto out; + } + + event_control = open(event_control_path, O_WRONLY); + if (event_control == -1) { + fprintf(stderr, "Cannot open %s: %s\n", event_control_path, + strerror(errno)); + goto out; + } + + efd = eventfd(0, 0); + if (efd == -1) { + perror("eventfd() failed"); + goto out; + } + + ret = snprintf(line, LINE_MAX, "%d %d %s", efd, cfd, argv[2]); + if (ret >= LINE_MAX) { + fputs("Arguments string is too long\n", stderr); + goto out; + } + + ret = write(event_control, line, strlen(line) + 1); + if (ret == -1) { + perror("Cannot write to cgroup.event_control"); + goto out; + } + + while (1) { + uint64_t result; + + ret = read(efd, &result, sizeof(result)); + if (ret == -1) { + if (errno == EINTR) + continue; + perror("Cannot read from eventfd"); + break; + } + assert(ret == sizeof(result)); + + ret = access(event_control_path, W_OK); + if ((ret == -1) && (errno == ENOENT)) { + puts("The cgroup seems to have removed."); + ret = 0; + break; + } + + if (ret == -1) { + perror("cgroup.event_control " + "is not accessable any more"); + break; + } + + printf("%s %s: crossed\n", argv[1], argv[2]); + } + +out: + if (efd >= 0) + close(efd); + if (event_control >= 0) + close(event_control); + if (cfd >= 0) + close(cfd); + + return (ret != 0); +} diff --git a/Documentation/cgroups/cgroups.txt b/Documentation/cgroups/cgroups.txt index 0b33bfe..fd588ff0 100644 --- a/Documentation/cgroups/cgroups.txt +++ b/Documentation/cgroups/cgroups.txt @@ -22,6 +22,8 @@ CONTENTS: 2. Usage Examples and Syntax 2.1 Basic Usage 2.2 Attaching processes + 2.3 Mounting hierarchies by name + 2.4 Notification API 3. Kernel API 3.1 Overview 3.2 Synchronization @@ -434,6 +436,25 @@ you give a subsystem a name. The name of the subsystem appears as part of the hierarchy description in /proc/mounts and /proc/<pid>/cgroups. +2.4 Notification API +-------------------- + +There is mechanism which allows to get notifications about changing +status of a cgroup. + +To register new notification handler you need: + - create a file descriptor for event notification using eventfd(2); + - open a control file to be monitored (e.g. memory.usage_in_bytes); + - write "<event_fd> <control_fd> <args>" to cgroup.event_control. + Interpretation of args is defined by control file implementation; + +eventfd will be woken up by control file implementation or when the +cgroup is removed. + +To unregister notification handler just close eventfd. + +NOTE: Support of notifications should be implemented for the control +file. See documentation for the subsystem. 3. Kernel API ============= @@ -488,6 +509,11 @@ Each subsystem should: - add an entry in linux/cgroup_subsys.h - define a cgroup_subsys object called <name>_subsys +If a subsystem can be compiled as a module, it should also have in its +module initcall a call to cgroup_load_subsys(), and in its exitcall a +call to cgroup_unload_subsys(). It should also set its_subsys.module = +THIS_MODULE in its .c file. + Each subsystem may export the following methods. The only mandatory methods are create/destroy. Any others that are null are presumed to be successful no-ops. @@ -536,10 +562,21 @@ returns an error, this will abort the attach operation. If a NULL task is passed, then a successful result indicates that *any* unspecified task can be moved into the cgroup. Note that this isn't called on a fork. If this method returns 0 (success) then this should -remain valid while the caller holds cgroup_mutex. If threadgroup is +remain valid while the caller holds cgroup_mutex and it is ensured that either +attach() or cancel_attach() will be called in future. If threadgroup is true, then a successful result indicates that all threads in the given thread's threadgroup can be moved together. +void cancel_attach(struct cgroup_subsys *ss, struct cgroup *cgrp, + struct task_struct *task, bool threadgroup) +(cgroup_mutex held by caller) + +Called when a task attach operation has failed after can_attach() has succeeded. +A subsystem whose can_attach() has some side-effects should provide this +function, so that the subsytem can implement a rollback. If not, not necessary. +This will be called only about subsystems whose can_attach() operation have +succeeded. + void attach(struct cgroup_subsys *ss, struct cgroup *cgrp, struct cgroup *old_cgrp, struct task_struct *task, bool threadgroup) diff --git a/Documentation/cgroups/memcg_test.txt b/Documentation/cgroups/memcg_test.txt index 72db89e..f7f68b2 100644 --- a/Documentation/cgroups/memcg_test.txt +++ b/Documentation/cgroups/memcg_test.txt @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ Memory Resource Controller(Memcg) Implementation Memo. -Last Updated: 2009/1/20 -Base Kernel Version: based on 2.6.29-rc2. +Last Updated: 2010/2 +Base Kernel Version: based on 2.6.33-rc7-mm(candidate for 34). Because VM is getting complex (one of reasons is memcg...), memcg's behavior is complex. This is a document for memcg's internal behavior. @@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ Under below explanation, we assume CONFIG_MEM_RES_CTRL_SWAP=y. race and lock dependency with other cgroup subsystems. example) - # mount -t cgroup none /cgroup -t cpuset,memory,cpu,devices + # mount -t cgroup none /cgroup -o cpuset,memory,cpu,devices and do task move, mkdir, rmdir etc...under this. @@ -348,7 +348,7 @@ Under below explanation, we assume CONFIG_MEM_RES_CTRL_SWAP=y. For example, test like following is good. (Shell-A) - # mount -t cgroup none /cgroup -t memory + # mount -t cgroup none /cgroup -o memory # mkdir /cgroup/test # echo 40M > /cgroup/test/memory.limit_in_bytes # echo 0 > /cgroup/test/tasks @@ -378,3 +378,42 @@ Under below explanation, we assume CONFIG_MEM_RES_CTRL_SWAP=y. #echo 50M > memory.limit_in_bytes #echo 50M > memory.memsw.limit_in_bytes run 51M of malloc + + 9.9 Move charges at task migration + Charges associated with a task can be moved along with task migration. + + (Shell-A) + #mkdir /cgroup/A + #echo $$ >/cgroup/A/tasks + run some programs which uses some amount of memory in /cgroup/A. + + (Shell-B) + #mkdir /cgroup/B + #echo 1 >/cgroup/B/memory.move_charge_at_immigrate + #echo "pid of the program running in group A" >/cgroup/B/tasks + + You can see charges have been moved by reading *.usage_in_bytes or + memory.stat of both A and B. + See 8.2 of Documentation/cgroups/memory.txt to see what value should be + written to move_charge_at_immigrate. + + 9.10 Memory thresholds + Memory controler implements memory thresholds using cgroups notification + API. You can use Documentation/cgroups/cgroup_event_listener.c to test + it. + + (Shell-A) Create cgroup and run event listener + # mkdir /cgroup/A + # ./cgroup_event_listener /cgroup/A/memory.usage_in_bytes 5M + + (Shell-B) Add task to cgroup and try to allocate and free memory + # echo $$ >/cgroup/A/tasks + # a="$(dd if=/dev/zero bs=1M count=10)" + # a= + + You will see message from cgroup_event_listener every time you cross + the thresholds. + + Use /cgroup/A/memory.memsw.usage_in_bytes to test memsw thresholds. + + It's good idea to test root cgroup as well. diff --git a/Documentation/cgroups/memory.txt b/Documentation/cgroups/memory.txt index b871f25..f8bc802 100644 --- a/Documentation/cgroups/memory.txt +++ b/Documentation/cgroups/memory.txt @@ -182,6 +182,8 @@ list. NOTE: Reclaim does not work for the root cgroup, since we cannot set any limits on the root cgroup. +Note2: When panic_on_oom is set to "2", the whole system will panic. + 2. Locking The memory controller uses the following hierarchy @@ -262,10 +264,12 @@ some of the pages cached in the cgroup (page cache pages). 4.2 Task migration When a task migrates from one cgroup to another, it's charge is not -carried forward. The pages allocated from the original cgroup still +carried forward by default. The pages allocated from the original cgroup still remain charged to it, the charge is dropped when the page is freed or reclaimed. +Note: You can move charges of a task along with task migration. See 8. + 4.3 Removing a cgroup A cgroup can be removed by rmdir, but as discussed in sections 4.1 and 4.2, a @@ -377,7 +381,8 @@ The feature can be disabled by NOTE1: Enabling/disabling will fail if the cgroup already has other cgroups created below it. -NOTE2: This feature can be enabled/disabled per subtree. +NOTE2: When panic_on_oom is set to "2", the whole system will panic in +case of an oom event in any cgroup. 7. Soft limits @@ -414,7 +419,76 @@ NOTE1: Soft limits take effect over a long period of time, since they involve NOTE2: It is recommended to set the soft limit always below the hard limit, otherwise the hard limit will take precedence. -8. TODO +8. Move charges at task migration + +Users can move charges associated with a task along with task migration, that +is, uncharge task's pages from the old cgroup and charge them to the new cgroup. +This feature is not supported in !CONFIG_MMU environments because of lack of +page tables. + +8.1 Interface + +This feature is disabled by default. It can be enabled(and disabled again) by +writing to memory.move_charge_at_immigrate of the destination cgroup. + +If you want to enable it: + +# echo (some positive value) > memory.move_charge_at_immigrate + +Note: Each bits of move_charge_at_immigrate has its own meaning about what type + of charges should be moved. See 8.2 for details. +Note: Charges are moved only when you move mm->owner, IOW, a leader of a thread + group. +Note: If we cannot find enough space for the task in the destination cgroup, we + try to make space by reclaiming memory. Task migration may fail if we + cannot make enough space. +Note: It can take several seconds if you move charges in giga bytes order. + +And if you want disable it again: + +# echo 0 > memory.move_charge_at_immigrate + +8.2 Type of charges which can be move + +Each bits of move_charge_at_immigrate has its own meaning about what type of +charges should be moved. + + bit | what type of charges would be moved ? + -----+------------------------------------------------------------------------ + 0 | A charge of an anonymous page(or swap of it) used by the target task. + | Those pages and swaps must be used only by the target task. You must + | enable Swap Extension(see 2.4) to enable move of swap charges. + +Note: Those pages and swaps must be charged to the old cgroup. +Note: More type of pages(e.g. file cache, shmem,) will be supported by other + bits in future. + +8.3 TODO + +- Add support for other types of pages(e.g. file cache, shmem, etc.). +- Implement madvise(2) to let users decide the vma to be moved or not to be + moved. +- All of moving charge operations are done under cgroup_mutex. It's not good + behavior to hold the mutex too long, so we may need some trick. + +9. Memory thresholds + +Memory controler implements memory thresholds using cgroups notification +API (see cgroups.txt). It allows to register multiple memory and memsw +thresholds and gets notifications when it crosses. + +To register a threshold application need: + - create an eventfd using eventfd(2); + - open memory.usage_in_bytes or memory.memsw.usage_in_bytes; + - write string like "<event_fd> <memory.usage_in_bytes> <threshold>" to + cgroup.event_control. + +Application will be notified through eventfd when memory usage crosses +threshold in any direction. + +It's applicable for root and non-root cgroup. + +10. TODO 1. Add support for accounting huge pages (as a separate controller) 2. Make per-cgroup scanner reclaim not-shared pages first diff --git a/Documentation/email-clients.txt b/Documentation/email-clients.txt index a618efa..945ff3f 100644 --- a/Documentation/email-clients.txt +++ b/Documentation/email-clients.txt @@ -216,26 +216,14 @@ Works. Use "Insert file..." or external editor. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Gmail (Web GUI) -If you just have to use Gmail to send patches, it CAN be made to work. It -requires a bit of external help, though. - -The first problem is that Gmail converts tabs to spaces. This will -totally break your patches. To prevent this, you have to use a different -editor. There is a firefox extension called "ViewSourceWith" -(https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/394) which allows you to -edit any text box in the editor of your choice. Configure it to launch -your favorite editor. When you want to send a patch, use this technique. -Once you have crafted your messsage + patch, save and exit the editor, -which should reload the Gmail edit box. GMAIL WILL PRESERVE THE TABS. -Hoorah. Apparently you can cut-n-paste literal tabs, but Gmail will -convert those to spaces upon sending! - -The second problem is that Gmail converts tabs to spaces on replies. If -you reply to a patch, don't expect to be able to apply it as a patch. - -The last problem is that Gmail will base64-encode any message that has a -non-ASCII character. That includes things like European names. Be aware. - -Gmail is not convenient for lkml patches, but CAN be made to work. +Does not work for sending patches. + +Gmail web client converts tabs to spaces automatically. + +At the same time it wraps lines every 78 chars with CRLF style line breaks +although tab2space problem can be solved with external editor. + +Another problem is that Gmail will base64-encode any message that has a +non-ASCII character. That includes things like European names. ### diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/00-INDEX b/Documentation/filesystems/00-INDEX index 5139b8c..3bae418 100644 --- a/Documentation/filesystems/00-INDEX +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/00-INDEX @@ -32,6 +32,8 @@ dlmfs.txt - info on the userspace interface to the OCFS2 DLM. dnotify.txt - info about directory notification in Linux. +dnotify_test.c + - example program for dnotify ecryptfs.txt - docs on eCryptfs: stacked cryptographic filesystem for Linux. exofs.txt diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/Makefile b/Documentation/filesystems/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a5dd114 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +# kbuild trick to avoid linker error. Can be omitted if a module is built. +obj- := dummy.o + +# List of programs to build +hostprogs-y := dnotify_test + +# Tell kbuild to always build the programs +always := $(hostprogs-y) diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/dnotify.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/dnotify.txt index 9f5d338..6baf88f 100644 --- a/Documentation/filesystems/dnotify.txt +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/dnotify.txt @@ -62,38 +62,9 @@ disabled, fcntl(fd, F_NOTIFY, ...) will return -EINVAL. Example ------- +See Documentation/filesystems/dnotify_test.c for an example. - #define _GNU_SOURCE /* needed to get the defines */ - #include <fcntl.h> /* in glibc 2.2 this has the needed - values defined */ - #include <signal.h> - #include <stdio.h> - #include <unistd.h> - - static volatile int event_fd; - - static void handler(int sig, siginfo_t *si, void *data) - { - event_fd = si->si_fd; - } - - int main(void) - { - struct sigaction act; - int fd; - - act.sa_sigaction = handler; - sigemptyset(&act.sa_mask); - act.sa_flags = SA_SIGINFO; - sigaction(SIGRTMIN + 1, &act, NULL); - - fd = open(".", O_RDONLY); - fcntl(fd, F_SETSIG, SIGRTMIN + 1); - fcntl(fd, F_NOTIFY, DN_MODIFY|DN_CREATE|DN_MULTISHOT); - /* we will now be notified if any of the files - in "." is modified or new files are created */ - while (1) { - pause(); - printf("Got event on fd=%d\n", event_fd); - } - } +NOTE +---- +Beginning with Linux 2.6.13, dnotify has been replaced by inotify. +See Documentation/filesystems/inotify.txt for more information on it. diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/dnotify_test.c b/Documentation/filesystems/dnotify_test.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8b37b4a --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/dnotify_test.c @@ -0,0 +1,34 @@ +#define _GNU_SOURCE /* needed to get the defines */ +#include <fcntl.h> /* in glibc 2.2 this has the needed + values defined */ +#include <signal.h> +#include <stdio.h> +#include <unistd.h> + +static volatile int event_fd; + +static void handler(int sig, siginfo_t *si, void *data) +{ + event_fd = si->si_fd; +} + +int main(void) +{ + struct sigaction act; + int fd; + + act.sa_sigaction = handler; + sigemptyset(&act.sa_mask); + act.sa_flags = SA_SIGINFO; + sigaction(SIGRTMIN + 1, &act, NULL); + + fd = open(".", O_RDONLY); + fcntl(fd, F_SETSIG, SIGRTMIN + 1); + fcntl(fd, F_NOTIFY, DN_MODIFY|DN_CREATE|DN_MULTISHOT); + /* we will now be notified if any of the files + in "." is modified or new files are created */ + while (1) { + pause(); + printf("Got event on fd=%d\n", event_fd); + } +} diff --git a/Documentation/kobject.txt b/Documentation/kobject.txt index c79ab99..bdb1381 100644 --- a/Documentation/kobject.txt +++ b/Documentation/kobject.txt @@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ kobj_type: struct kobj_type { void (*release)(struct kobject *); - struct sysfs_ops *sysfs_ops; + const struct sysfs_ops *sysfs_ops; struct attribute **default_attrs; }; diff --git a/Documentation/laptops/00-INDEX b/Documentation/laptops/00-INDEX index df4fb52..fa68853 100644 --- a/Documentation/laptops/00-INDEX +++ b/Documentation/laptops/00-INDEX @@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ asus-laptop.txt - information on the Asus Laptop Extras driver. disk-shock-protection.txt - information on hard disk shock protection. +dslm.c + - Simple Disk Sleep Monitor program laptop-mode.txt - how to conserve battery power using laptop-mode. sony-laptop.txt diff --git a/Documentation/laptops/Makefile b/Documentation/laptops/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5cb144a --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/laptops/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +# kbuild trick to avoid linker error. Can be omitted if a module is built. +obj- := dummy.o + +# List of programs to build +hostprogs-y := dslm + +# Tell kbuild to always build the programs +always := $(hostprogs-y) diff --git a/Documentation/laptops/dslm.c b/Documentation/laptops/dslm.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000..72ff290 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/laptops/dslm.c @@ -0,0 +1,166 @@ +/* + * dslm.c + * Simple Disk Sleep Monitor + * by Bartek Kania + * Licenced under the GPL + */ +#include <unistd.h> +#include <stdlib.h> +#include <stdio.h> +#include <fcntl.h> +#include <errno.h> +#include <time.h> +#include <string.h> +#include <signal.h> +#include <sys/ioctl.h> +#include <linux/hdreg.h> + +#ifdef DEBUG +#define D(x) x +#else +#define D(x) +#endif + +int endit = 0; + +/* Check if the disk is in powersave-mode + * Most of the code is stolen from hdparm. + * 1 = active, 0 = standby/sleep, -1 = unknown */ +static int check_powermode(int fd) +{ + unsigned char args[4] = {WIN_CHECKPOWERMODE1,0,0,0}; + int state; + + if (ioctl(fd, HDIO_DRIVE_CMD, &args) + && (args[0] = WIN_CHECKPOWERMODE2) /* try again with 0x98 */ + && ioctl(fd, HDIO_DRIVE_CMD, &args)) { + if (errno != EIO || args[0] != 0 || args[1] != 0) { + state = -1; /* "unknown"; */ + } else + state = 0; /* "sleeping"; */ + } else { + state = (args[2] == 255) ? 1 : 0; + } + D(printf(" drive state is: %d\n", state)); + + return state; +} + +static char *state_name(int i) +{ + if (i == -1) return "unknown"; + if (i == 0) return "sleeping"; + if (i == 1) return "active"; + + return "internal error"; +} + +static char *myctime(time_t time) +{ + char *ts = ctime(&time); + ts[strlen(ts) - 1] = 0; + + return ts; +} + +static void measure(int fd) +{ + time_t start_time; + int last_state; + time_t last_time; + int curr_state; + time_t curr_time = 0; + time_t time_diff; + time_t active_time = 0; + time_t sleep_time = 0; + time_t unknown_time = 0; + time_t total_time = 0; + int changes = 0; + float tmp; + + printf("Starting measurements\n"); + + last_state = check_powermode(fd); + start_time = last_time = time(0); + printf(" System is in state %s\n\n", state_name(last_state)); + + while(!endit) { + sleep(1); + curr_state = check_powermode(fd); + + if (curr_state != last_state || endit) { + changes++; + curr_time = time(0); + time_diff = curr_time - last_time; + + if (last_state == 1) active_time += time_diff; + else if (last_state == 0) sleep_time += time_diff; + else unknown_time += time_diff; + + last_state = curr_state; + last_time = curr_time; + + printf("%s: State-change to %s\n", myctime(curr_time), + state_name(curr_state)); + } + } + changes--; /* Compensate for SIGINT */ + + total_time = time(0) - start_time; + printf("\nTotal running time: %lus\n", curr_time - start_time); + printf(" State changed %d times\n", changes); + + tmp = (float)sleep_time / (float)total_time * 100; + printf(" Time in sleep state: %lus (%.2f%%)\n", sleep_time, tmp); + tmp = (float)active_time / (float)total_time * 100; + printf(" Time in active state: %lus (%.2f%%)\n", active_time, tmp); + tmp = (float)unknown_time / (float)total_time * 100; + printf(" Time in unknown state: %lus (%.2f%%)\n", unknown_time, tmp); +} + +static void ender(int s) +{ + endit = 1; +} + +static void usage(void) +{ + puts("usage: dslm [-w <time>] <disk>"); + exit(0); +} + +int main(int argc, char **argv) +{ + int fd; + char *disk = 0; + int settle_time = 60; + + /* Parse the simple command-line */ + if (argc == 2) + disk = argv[1]; + else if (argc == 4) { + settle_time = atoi(argv[2]); + disk = argv[3]; + } else + usage(); + + if (!(fd = open(disk, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK))) { + printf("Can't open %s, because: %s\n", disk, strerror(errno)); + exit(-1); + } + + if (settle_time) { + printf("Waiting %d seconds for the system to settle down to " + "'normal'\n", settle_time); + sleep(settle_time); + } else + puts("Not waiting for system to settle down"); + + signal(SIGINT, ender); + + measure(fd); + + close(fd); + + return 0; +} diff --git a/Documentation/laptops/laptop-mode.txt b/Documentation/laptops/laptop-mode.txt index eeedee1..2c3c350 100644 --- a/Documentation/laptops/laptop-mode.txt +++ b/Documentation/laptops/laptop-mode.txt @@ -779,172 +779,4 @@ Monitoring tool --------------- Bartek Kania submitted this, it can be used to measure how much time your disk -spends spun up/down. - ----------------------------dslm.c BEGIN----------------------------------------- -/* - * Simple Disk Sleep Monitor - * by Bartek Kania - * Licenced under the GPL - */ -#include <unistd.h> -#include <stdlib.h> -#include <stdio.h> -#include <fcntl.h> -#include <errno.h> -#include <time.h> -#include <string.h> -#include <signal.h> -#include <sys/ioctl.h> -#include <linux/hdreg.h> - -#ifdef DEBUG -#define D(x) x -#else -#define D(x) -#endif - -int endit = 0; - -/* Check if the disk is in powersave-mode - * Most of the code is stolen from hdparm. - * 1 = active, 0 = standby/sleep, -1 = unknown */ -int check_powermode(int fd) -{ - unsigned char args[4] = {WIN_CHECKPOWERMODE1,0,0,0}; - int state; - - if (ioctl(fd, HDIO_DRIVE_CMD, &args) - && (args[0] = WIN_CHECKPOWERMODE2) /* try again with 0x98 */ - && ioctl(fd, HDIO_DRIVE_CMD, &args)) { - if (errno != EIO || args[0] != 0 || args[1] != 0) { - state = -1; /* "unknown"; */ - } else - state = 0; /* "sleeping"; */ - } else { - state = (args[2] == 255) ? 1 : 0; - } - D(printf(" drive state is: %d\n", state)); - - return state; -} - -char *state_name(int i) -{ - if (i == -1) return "unknown"; - if (i == 0) return "sleeping"; - if (i == 1) return "active"; - - return "internal error"; -} - -char *myctime(time_t time) -{ - char *ts = ctime(&time); - ts[strlen(ts) - 1] = 0; - - return ts; -} - -void measure(int fd) -{ - time_t start_time; - int last_state; - time_t last_time; - int curr_state; - time_t curr_time = 0; - time_t time_diff; - time_t active_time = 0; - time_t sleep_time = 0; - time_t unknown_time = 0; - time_t total_time = 0; - int changes = 0; - float tmp; - - printf("Starting measurements\n"); - - last_state = check_powermode(fd); - start_time = last_time = time(0); - printf(" System is in state %s\n\n", state_name(last_state)); - - while(!endit) { - sleep(1); - curr_state = check_powermode(fd); - - if (curr_state != last_state || endit) { - changes++; - curr_time = time(0); - time_diff = curr_time - last_time; - - if (last_state == 1) active_time += time_diff; - else if (last_state == 0) sleep_time += time_diff; - else unknown_time += time_diff; - - last_state = curr_state; - last_time = curr_time; - - printf("%s: State-change to %s\n", myctime(curr_time), - state_name(curr_state)); - } - } - changes--; /* Compensate for SIGINT */ - - total_time = time(0) - start_time; - printf("\nTotal running time: %lus\n", curr_time - start_time); - printf(" State changed %d times\n", changes); - - tmp = (float)sleep_time / (float)total_time * 100; - printf(" Time in sleep state: %lus (%.2f%%)\n", sleep_time, tmp); - tmp = (float)active_time / (float)total_time * 100; - printf(" Time in active state: %lus (%.2f%%)\n", active_time, tmp); - tmp = (float)unknown_time / (float)total_time * 100; - printf(" Time in unknown state: %lus (%.2f%%)\n", unknown_time, tmp); -} - -void ender(int s) -{ - endit = 1; -} - -void usage() -{ - puts("usage: dslm [-w <time>] <disk>"); - exit(0); -} - -int main(int argc, char **argv) -{ - int fd; - char *disk = 0; - int settle_time = 60; - - /* Parse the simple command-line */ - if (argc == 2) - disk = argv[1]; - else if (argc == 4) { - settle_time = atoi(argv[2]); - disk = argv[3]; - } else - usage(); - - if (!(fd = open(disk, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK))) { - printf("Can't open %s, because: %s\n", disk, strerror(errno)); - exit(-1); - } - - if (settle_time) { - printf("Waiting %d seconds for the system to settle down to " - "'normal'\n", settle_time); - sleep(settle_time); - } else - puts("Not waiting for system to settle down"); - - signal(SIGINT, ender); - - measure(fd); - - close(fd); - - return 0; -} ----------------------------dslm.c END------------------------------------------- +spends spun up/down. See Documentation/laptops/dslm.c diff --git a/Documentation/serial/tty.txt b/Documentation/serial/tty.txt index 5e5349a..7c90050 100644 --- a/Documentation/serial/tty.txt +++ b/Documentation/serial/tty.txt @@ -105,6 +105,10 @@ write_wakeup() - May be called at any point between open and close. is permitted to call the driver write method from this function. In such a situation defer it. +dcd_change() - Report to the tty line the current DCD pin status + changes and the relative timestamp. The timestamp + can be NULL. + Driver Access diff --git a/Documentation/sound/alsa/ALSA-Configuration.txt b/Documentation/sound/alsa/ALSA-Configuration.txt index 33df82e..bfcbbf8 100644 --- a/Documentation/sound/alsa/ALSA-Configuration.txt +++ b/Documentation/sound/alsa/ALSA-Configuration.txt @@ -1812,7 +1812,7 @@ Prior to version 0.9.0rc4 options had a 'snd_' prefix. This was removed. Module snd-ua101 ---------------- - Module for the Edirol UA-101 audio/MIDI interface. + Module for the Edirol UA-101/UA-1000 audio/MIDI interfaces. This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging. diff --git a/Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt b/Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt index fc5790d..6c7d18c 100644 --- a/Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt +++ b/Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt @@ -573,11 +573,14 @@ Because other nodes' memory may be free. This means system total status may be not fatal yet. If this is set to 2, the kernel panics compulsorily even on the -above-mentioned. +above-mentioned. Even oom happens under memory cgroup, the whole +system panics. The default value is 0. 1 and 2 are for failover of clustering. Please select either according to your policy of failover. +panic_on_oom=2+kdump gives you very strong tool to investigate +why oom happens. You can get snapshot. ============================================================= diff --git a/Documentation/timers/00-INDEX b/Documentation/timers/00-INDEX index 397dc35..a9248da 100644 --- a/Documentation/timers/00-INDEX +++ b/Documentation/timers/00-INDEX @@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ highres.txt - High resolution timers and dynamic ticks design notes hpet.txt - High Precision Event Timer Driver for Linux +hpet_example.c + - sample hpet timer test program hrtimers.txt - subsystem for high-resolution kernel timers timer_stats.txt diff --git a/Documentation/timers/Makefile b/Documentation/timers/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c85625f --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/timers/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +# kbuild trick to avoid linker error. Can be omitted if a module is built. +obj- := dummy.o + +# List of programs to build +hostprogs-y := hpet_example + +# Tell kbuild to always build the programs +always := $(hostprogs-y) diff --git a/Documentation/timers/hpet.txt b/Documentation/timers/hpet.txt index 16d25e6..767392f 100644 --- a/Documentation/timers/hpet.txt +++ b/Documentation/timers/hpet.txt @@ -26,274 +26,5 @@ initialization. An example of this initialization can be found in arch/x86/kernel/hpet.c. The driver provides a userspace API which resembles the API found in the -RTC driver framework. An example user space program is provided below. - -#include <stdio.h> -#include <stdlib.h> -#include <unistd.h> -#include <fcntl.h> -#include <string.h> -#include <memory.h> -#include <malloc.h> -#include <time.h> -#include <ctype.h> -#include <sys/types.h> -#include <sys/wait.h> -#include <signal.h> -#include <fcntl.h> -#include <errno.h> -#include <sys/time.h> -#include <linux/hpet.h> - - -extern void hpet_open_close(int, const char **); -extern void hpet_info(int, const char **); -extern void hpet_poll(int, const char **); -extern void hpet_fasync(int, const char **); -extern void hpet_read(int, const char **); - -#include <sys/poll.h> -#include <sys/ioctl.h> -#include <signal.h> - -struct hpet_command { - char *command; - void (*func)(int argc, const char ** argv); -} hpet_command[] = { - { - "open-close", - hpet_open_close - }, - { - "info", - hpet_info - }, - { - "poll", - hpet_poll - }, - { - "fasync", - hpet_fasync - }, -}; - -int -main(int argc, const char ** argv) -{ - int i; - - argc--; - argv++; - - if (!argc) { - fprintf(stderr, "-hpet: requires command\n"); - return -1; - } - - - for (i = 0; i < (sizeof (hpet_command) / sizeof (hpet_command[0])); i++) - if (!strcmp(argv[0], hpet_command[i].command)) { - argc--; - argv++; - fprintf(stderr, "-hpet: executing %s\n", - hpet_command[i].command); - hpet_command[i].func(argc, argv); - return 0; - } - - fprintf(stderr, "do_hpet: command %s not implemented\n", argv[0]); - - return -1; -} - -void -hpet_open_close(int argc, const char **argv) -{ - int fd; - - if (argc != 1) { - fprintf(stderr, "hpet_open_close: device-name\n"); - return; - } - - fd = open(argv[0], O_RDONLY); - if (fd < 0) - fprintf(stderr, "hpet_open_close: open failed\n"); - else - close(fd); - - return; -} - -void -hpet_info(int argc, const char **argv) -{ -} - -void -hpet_poll(int argc, const char **argv) -{ - unsigned long freq; - int iterations, i, fd; - struct pollfd pfd; - struct hpet_info info; - struct timeval stv, etv; - struct timezone tz; - long usec; - - if (argc != 3) { - fprintf(stderr, "hpet_poll: device-name freq iterations\n"); - return; - } - - freq = atoi(argv[1]); - iterations = atoi(argv[2]); - - fd = open(argv[0], O_RDONLY); - - if (fd < 0) { - fprintf(stderr, "hpet_poll: open of %s failed\n", argv[0]); - return; - } - - if (ioctl(fd, HPET_IRQFREQ, freq) < 0) { - fprintf(stderr, "hpet_poll: HPET_IRQFREQ failed\n"); - goto out; - } - - if (ioctl(fd, HPET_INFO, &info) < 0) { - fprintf(stderr, "hpet_poll: failed to get info\n"); - goto out; - } - - fprintf(stderr, "hpet_poll: info.hi_flags 0x%lx\n", info.hi_flags); - - if (info.hi_flags && (ioctl(fd, HPET_EPI, 0) < 0)) { - fprintf(stderr, "hpet_poll: HPET_EPI failed\n"); - goto out; - } - - if (ioctl(fd, HPET_IE_ON, 0) < 0) { - fprintf(stderr, "hpet_poll, HPET_IE_ON failed\n"); - goto out; - } - - pfd.fd = fd; - pfd.events = POLLIN; - - for (i = 0; i < iterations; i++) { - pfd.revents = 0; - gettimeofday(&stv, &tz); - if (poll(&pfd, 1, -1) < 0) - fprintf(stderr, "hpet_poll: poll failed\n"); - else { - long data; - - gettimeofday(&etv, &tz); - usec = stv.tv_sec * 1000000 + stv.tv_usec; - usec = (etv.tv_sec * 1000000 + etv.tv_usec) - usec; - - fprintf(stderr, - "hpet_poll: expired time = 0x%lx\n", usec); - - fprintf(stderr, "hpet_poll: revents = 0x%x\n", - pfd.revents); - - if (read(fd, &data, sizeof(data)) != sizeof(data)) { - fprintf(stderr, "hpet_poll: read failed\n"); - } - else - fprintf(stderr, "hpet_poll: data 0x%lx\n", - data); - } - } - -out: - close(fd); - return; -} - -static int hpet_sigio_count; - -static void -hpet_sigio(int val) -{ - fprintf(stderr, "hpet_sigio: called\n"); - hpet_sigio_count++; -} - -void -hpet_fasync(int argc, const char **argv) -{ - unsigned long freq; - int iterations, i, fd, value; - sig_t oldsig; - struct hpet_info info; - - hpet_sigio_count = 0; - fd = -1; - - if ((oldsig = signal(SIGIO, hpet_sigio)) == SIG_ERR) { - fprintf(stderr, "hpet_fasync: failed to set signal handler\n"); - return; - } - - if (argc != 3) { - fprintf(stderr, "hpet_fasync: device-name freq iterations\n"); - goto out; - } - - fd = open(argv[0], O_RDONLY); - - if (fd < 0) { - fprintf(stderr, "hpet_fasync: failed to open %s\n", argv[0]); - return; - } - - - if ((fcntl(fd, F_SETOWN, getpid()) == 1) || - ((value = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL)) == 1) || - (fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, value | O_ASYNC) == 1)) { - fprintf(stderr, "hpet_fasync: fcntl failed\n"); - goto out; - } - - freq = atoi(argv[1]); - iterations = atoi(argv[2]); - - if (ioctl(fd, HPET_IRQFREQ, freq) < 0) { - fprintf(stderr, "hpet_fasync: HPET_IRQFREQ failed\n"); - goto out; - } - - if (ioctl(fd, HPET_INFO, &info) < 0) { - fprintf(stderr, "hpet_fasync: failed to get info\n"); - goto out; - } - - fprintf(stderr, "hpet_fasync: info.hi_flags 0x%lx\n", info.hi_flags); - - if (info.hi_flags && (ioctl(fd, HPET_EPI, 0) < 0)) { - fprintf(stderr, "hpet_fasync: HPET_EPI failed\n"); - goto out; - } - - if (ioctl(fd, HPET_IE_ON, 0) < 0) { - fprintf(stderr, "hpet_fasync, HPET_IE_ON failed\n"); - goto out; - } - - for (i = 0; i < iterations; i++) { - (void) pause(); - fprintf(stderr, "hpet_fasync: count = %d\n", hpet_sigio_count); - } - -out: - signal(SIGIO, oldsig); - - if (fd >= 0) - close(fd); - - return; -} +RTC driver framework. An example user space program is provided in +file:Documentation/timers/hpet_example.c diff --git a/Documentation/timers/hpet_example.c b/Documentation/timers/hpet_example.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f9ce2d9 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/timers/hpet_example.c @@ -0,0 +1,269 @@ +#include <stdio.h> +#include <stdlib.h> +#include <unistd.h> +#include <fcntl.h> +#include <string.h> +#include <memory.h> +#include <malloc.h> +#include <time.h> +#include <ctype.h> +#include <sys/types.h> +#include <sys/wait.h> +#include <signal.h> +#include <fcntl.h> +#include <errno.h> +#include <sys/time.h> +#include <linux/hpet.h> + + +extern void hpet_open_close(int, const char **); +extern void hpet_info(int, const char **); +extern void hpet_poll(int, const char **); +extern void hpet_fasync(int, const char **); +extern void hpet_read(int, const char **); + +#include <sys/poll.h> +#include <sys/ioctl.h> +#include <signal.h> + +struct hpet_command { + char *command; + void (*func)(int argc, const char ** argv); +} hpet_command[] = { + { + "open-close", + hpet_open_close + }, + { + "info", + hpet_info + }, + { + "poll", + hpet_poll + }, + { + "fasync", + hpet_fasync + }, +}; + +int +main(int argc, const char ** argv) +{ + int i; + + argc--; + argv++; + + if (!argc) { + fprintf(stderr, "-hpet: requires command\n"); + return -1; + } + + + for (i = 0; i < (sizeof (hpet_command) / sizeof (hpet_command[0])); i++) + if (!strcmp(argv[0], hpet_command[i].command)) { + argc--; + argv++; + fprintf(stderr, "-hpet: executing %s\n", + hpet_command[i].command); + hpet_command[i].func(argc, argv); + return 0; + } + + fprintf(stderr, "do_hpet: command %s not implemented\n", argv[0]); + + return -1; +} + +void +hpet_open_close(int argc, const char **argv) +{ + int fd; + + if (argc != 1) { + fprintf(stderr, "hpet_open_close: device-name\n"); + return; + } + + fd = open(argv[0], O_RDONLY); + if (fd < 0) + fprintf(stderr, "hpet_open_close: open failed\n"); + else + close(fd); + + return; +} + +void +hpet_info(int argc, const char **argv) +{ +} + +void +hpet_poll(int argc, const char **argv) +{ + unsigned long freq; + int iterations, i, fd; + struct pollfd pfd; + struct hpet_info info; + struct timeval stv, etv; + struct timezone tz; + long usec; + + if (argc != 3) { + fprintf(stderr, "hpet_poll: device-name freq iterations\n"); + return; + } + + freq = atoi(argv[1]); + iterations = atoi(argv[2]); + + fd = open(argv[0], O_RDONLY); + + if (fd < 0) { + fprintf(stderr, "hpet_poll: open of %s failed\n", argv[0]); + return; + } + + if (ioctl(fd, HPET_IRQFREQ, freq) < 0) { + fprintf(stderr, "hpet_poll: HPET_IRQFREQ failed\n"); + goto out; + } + + if (ioctl(fd, HPET_INFO, &info) < 0) { + fprintf(stderr, "hpet_poll: failed to get info\n"); + goto out; + } + + fprintf(stderr, "hpet_poll: info.hi_flags 0x%lx\n", info.hi_flags); + + if (info.hi_flags && (ioctl(fd, HPET_EPI, 0) < 0)) { + fprintf(stderr, "hpet_poll: HPET_EPI failed\n"); + goto out; + } + + if (ioctl(fd, HPET_IE_ON, 0) < 0) { + fprintf(stderr, "hpet_poll, HPET_IE_ON failed\n"); + goto out; + } + + pfd.fd = fd; + pfd.events = POLLIN; + + for (i = 0; i < iterations; i++) { + pfd.revents = 0; + gettimeofday(&stv, &tz); + if (poll(&pfd, 1, -1) < 0) + fprintf(stderr, "hpet_poll: poll failed\n"); + else { + long data; + + gettimeofday(&etv, &tz); + usec = stv.tv_sec * 1000000 + stv.tv_usec; + usec = (etv.tv_sec * 1000000 + etv.tv_usec) - usec; + + fprintf(stderr, + "hpet_poll: expired time = 0x%lx\n", usec); + + fprintf(stderr, "hpet_poll: revents = 0x%x\n", + pfd.revents); + + if (read(fd, &data, sizeof(data)) != sizeof(data)) { + fprintf(stderr, "hpet_poll: read failed\n"); + } + else + fprintf(stderr, "hpet_poll: data 0x%lx\n", + data); + } + } + +out: + close(fd); + return; +} + +static int hpet_sigio_count; + +static void +hpet_sigio(int val) +{ + fprintf(stderr, "hpet_sigio: called\n"); + hpet_sigio_count++; +} + +void +hpet_fasync(int argc, const char **argv) +{ + unsigned long freq; + int iterations, i, fd, value; + sig_t oldsig; + struct hpet_info info; + + hpet_sigio_count = 0; + fd = -1; + + if ((oldsig = signal(SIGIO, hpet_sigio)) == SIG_ERR) { + fprintf(stderr, "hpet_fasync: failed to set signal handler\n"); + return; + } + + if (argc != 3) { + fprintf(stderr, "hpet_fasync: device-name freq iterations\n"); + goto out; + } + + fd = open(argv[0], O_RDONLY); + + if (fd < 0) { + fprintf(stderr, "hpet_fasync: failed to open %s\n", argv[0]); + return; + } + + + if ((fcntl(fd, F_SETOWN, getpid()) == 1) || + ((value = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL)) == 1) || + (fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, value | O_ASYNC) == 1)) { + fprintf(stderr, "hpet_fasync: fcntl failed\n"); + goto out; + } + + freq = atoi(argv[1]); + iterations = atoi(argv[2]); + + if (ioctl(fd, HPET_IRQFREQ, freq) < 0) { + fprintf(stderr, "hpet_fasync: HPET_IRQFREQ failed\n"); + goto out; + } + + if (ioctl(fd, HPET_INFO, &info) < 0) { + fprintf(stderr, "hpet_fasync: failed to get info\n"); + goto out; + } + + fprintf(stderr, "hpet_fasync: info.hi_flags 0x%lx\n", info.hi_flags); + + if (info.hi_flags && (ioctl(fd, HPET_EPI, 0) < 0)) { + fprintf(stderr, "hpet_fasync: HPET_EPI failed\n"); + goto out; + } + + if (ioctl(fd, HPET_IE_ON, 0) < 0) { + fprintf(stderr, "hpet_fasync, HPET_IE_ON failed\n"); + goto out; + } + + for (i = 0; i < iterations; i++) { + (void) pause(); + fprintf(stderr, "hpet_fasync: count = %d\n", hpet_sigio_count); + } + +out: + signal(SIGIO, oldsig); + + if (fd >= 0) + close(fd); + + return; +} diff --git a/Documentation/vm/00-INDEX b/Documentation/vm/00-INDEX index e57d6a9..dca82d7 100644 --- a/Documentation/vm/00-INDEX +++ b/Documentation/vm/00-INDEX @@ -4,23 +4,35 @@ active_mm.txt - An explanation from Linus about tsk->active_mm vs tsk->mm. balance - various information on memory balancing. +hugepage-mmap.c + - Example app using huge page memory with the mmap system call. +hugepage-shm.c + - Example app using huge page memory with Sys V shared memory system calls. hugetlbpage.txt - a brief summary of hugetlbpage support in the Linux kernel. +hwpoison.txt + - explains what hwpoison is ksm.txt - how to use the Kernel Samepage Merging feature. locking - info on how locking and synchronization is done in the Linux vm code. +map_hugetlb.c + - an example program that uses the MAP_HUGETLB mmap flag. numa - information about NUMA specific code in the Linux vm. numa_memory_policy.txt - documentation of concepts and APIs of the 2.6 memory policy support. overcommit-accounting - description of the Linux kernels overcommit handling modes. +page-types.c + - Tool for querying page flags page_migration - description of page migration in NUMA systems. +pagemap.txt + - pagemap, from the userspace perspective slabinfo.c - source code for a tool to get reports about slabs. slub.txt - a short users guide for SLUB. -map_hugetlb.c - - an example program that uses the MAP_HUGETLB mmap flag. +unevictable-lru.txt + - Unevictable LRU infrastructure diff --git a/Documentation/vm/Makefile b/Documentation/vm/Makefile index 5bd269b..9dcff32 100644 --- a/Documentation/vm/Makefile +++ b/Documentation/vm/Makefile @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ obj- := dummy.o # List of programs to build -hostprogs-y := slabinfo page-types +hostprogs-y := slabinfo page-types hugepage-mmap hugepage-shm map_hugetlb # Tell kbuild to always build the programs always := $(hostprogs-y) diff --git a/Documentation/vm/hugepage-mmap.c b/Documentation/vm/hugepage-mmap.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000..db0dd9a --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/vm/hugepage-mmap.c @@ -0,0 +1,91 @@ +/* + * hugepage-mmap: + * + * Example of using huge page memory in a user application using the mmap + * system call. Before running this application, make sure that the + * administrator has mounted the hugetlbfs filesystem (on some directory + * like /mnt) using the command mount -t hugetlbfs nodev /mnt. In this + * example, the app is requesting memory of size 256MB that is backed by + * huge pages. + * + * For the ia64 architecture, the Linux kernel reserves Region number 4 for + * huge pages. That means that if one requires a fixed address, a huge page + * aligned address starting with 0x800000... will be required. If a fixed + * address is not required, the kernel will select an address in the proper + * range. + * Other architectures, such as ppc64, i386 or x86_64 are not so constrained. + */ + +#include <stdlib.h> +#include <stdio.h> +#include <unistd.h> +#include <sys/mman.h> +#include <fcntl.h> + +#define FILE_NAME "/mnt/hugepagefile" +#define LENGTH (256UL*1024*1024) +#define PROTECTION (PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE) + +/* Only ia64 requires this */ +#ifdef __ia64__ +#define ADDR (void *)(0x8000000000000000UL) +#define FLAGS (MAP_SHARED | MAP_FIXED) +#else +#define ADDR (void *)(0x0UL) +#define FLAGS (MAP_SHARED) +#endif + +static void check_bytes(char *addr) +{ + printf("First hex is %x\n", *((unsigned int *)addr)); +} + +static void write_bytes(char *addr) +{ + unsigned long i; + + for (i = 0; i < LENGTH; i++) + *(addr + i) = (char)i; +} + +static void read_bytes(char *addr) +{ + unsigned long i; + + check_bytes(addr); + for (i = 0; i < LENGTH; i++) + if (*(addr + i) != (char)i) { + printf("Mismatch at %lu\n", i); + break; + } +} + +int main(void) +{ + void *addr; + int fd; + + fd = open(FILE_NAME, O_CREAT | O_RDWR, 0755); + if (fd < 0) { + perror("Open failed"); + exit(1); + } + + addr = mmap(ADDR, LENGTH, PROTECTION, FLAGS, fd, 0); + if (addr == MAP_FAILED) { + perror("mmap"); + unlink(FILE_NAME); + exit(1); + } + + printf("Returned address is %p\n", addr); + check_bytes(addr); + write_bytes(addr); + read_bytes(addr); + + munmap(addr, LENGTH); + close(fd); + unlink(FILE_NAME); + + return 0; +} diff --git a/Documentation/vm/hugepage-shm.c b/Documentation/vm/hugepage-shm.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000..07956d8 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/vm/hugepage-shm.c @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ +/* + * hugepage-shm: + * + * Example of using huge page memory in a user application using Sys V shared + * memory system calls. In this example the app is requesting 256MB of + * memory that is backed by huge pages. The application uses the flag + * SHM_HUGETLB in the shmget system call to inform the kernel that it is + * requesting huge pages. + * + * For the ia64 architecture, the Linux kernel reserves Region number 4 for + * huge pages. That means that if one requires a fixed address, a huge page + * aligned address starting with 0x800000... will be required. If a fixed + * address is not required, the kernel will select an address in the proper + * range. + * Other architectures, such as ppc64, i386 or x86_64 are not so constrained. + * + * Note: The default shared memory limit is quite low on many kernels, + * you may need to increase it via: + * + * echo 268435456 > /proc/sys/kernel/shmmax + * + * This will increase the maximum size per shared memory segment to 256MB. + * The other limit that you will hit eventually is shmall which is the + * total amount of shared memory in pages. To set it to 16GB on a system + * with a 4kB pagesize do: + * + * echo 4194304 > /proc/sys/kernel/shmall + */ + +#include <stdlib.h> +#include <stdio.h> +#include <sys/types.h> +#include <sys/ipc.h> +#include <sys/shm.h> +#include <sys/mman.h> + +#ifndef SHM_HUGETLB +#define SHM_HUGETLB 04000 +#endif + +#define LENGTH (256UL*1024*1024) + +#define dprintf(x) printf(x) + +/* Only ia64 requires this */ +#ifdef __ia64__ +#define ADDR (void *)(0x8000000000000000UL) +#define SHMAT_FLAGS (SHM_RND) +#else +#define ADDR (void *)(0x0UL) +#define SHMAT_FLAGS (0) +#endif + +int main(void) +{ + int shmid; + unsigned long i; + char *shmaddr; + + if ((shmid = shmget(2, LENGTH, + SHM_HUGETLB | IPC_CREAT | SHM_R | SHM_W)) < 0) { + perror("shmget"); + exit(1); + } + printf("shmid: 0x%x\n", shmid); + + shmaddr = shmat(shmid, ADDR, SHMAT_FLAGS); + if (shmaddr == (char *)-1) { + perror("Shared memory attach failure"); + shmctl(shmid, IPC_RMID, NULL); + exit(2); + } + printf("shmaddr: %p\n", shmaddr); + + dprintf("Starting the writes:\n"); + for (i = 0; i < LENGTH; i++) { + shmaddr[i] = (char)(i); + if (!(i % (1024 * 1024))) + dprintf("."); + } + dprintf("\n"); + + dprintf("Starting the Check..."); + for (i = 0; i < LENGTH; i++) + if (shmaddr[i] != (char)i) + printf("\nIndex %lu mismatched\n", i); + dprintf("Done.\n"); + + if (shmdt((const void *)shmaddr) != 0) { + perror("Detach failure"); + shmctl(shmid, IPC_RMID, NULL); + exit(3); + } + + shmctl(shmid, IPC_RMID, NULL); + + return 0; +} diff --git a/Documentation/vm/hugetlbpage.txt b/Documentation/vm/hugetlbpage.txt index bc31636..457634c 100644 --- a/Documentation/vm/hugetlbpage.txt +++ b/Documentation/vm/hugetlbpage.txt @@ -299,176 +299,11 @@ map_hugetlb.c. ******************************************************************* /* - * Example of using huge page memory in a user application using Sys V shared - * memory system calls. In this example the app is requesting 256MB of - * memory that is backed by huge pages. The application uses the flag - * SHM_HUGETLB in the shmget system call to inform the kernel that it is - * requesting huge pages. - * - * For the ia64 architecture, the Linux kernel reserves Region number 4 for - * huge pages. That means that if one requires a fixed address, a huge page - * aligned address starting with 0x800000... will be required. If a fixed - * address is not required, the kernel will select an address in the proper - * range. - * Other architectures, such as ppc64, i386 or x86_64 are not so constrained. - * - * Note: The default shared memory limit is quite low on many kernels, - * you may need to increase it via: - * - * echo 268435456 > /proc/sys/kernel/shmmax - * - * This will increase the maximum size per shared memory segment to 256MB. - * The other limit that you will hit eventually is shmall which is the - * total amount of shared memory in pages. To set it to 16GB on a system - * with a 4kB pagesize do: - * - * echo 4194304 > /proc/sys/kernel/shmall + * hugepage-shm: see Documentation/vm/hugepage-shm.c */ -#include <stdlib.h> -#include <stdio.h> -#include <sys/types.h> -#include <sys/ipc.h> -#include <sys/shm.h> -#include <sys/mman.h> - -#ifndef SHM_HUGETLB -#define SHM_HUGETLB 04000 -#endif - -#define LENGTH (256UL*1024*1024) - -#define dprintf(x) printf(x) - -#define ADDR (void *)(0x0UL) /* let kernel choose address */ -#define SHMAT_FLAGS (0) - -int main(void) -{ - int shmid; - unsigned long i; - char *shmaddr; - - if ((shmid = shmget(2, LENGTH, - SHM_HUGETLB | IPC_CREAT | SHM_R | SHM_W)) < 0) { - perror("shmget"); - exit(1); - } - printf("shmid: 0x%x\n", shmid); - - shmaddr = shmat(shmid, ADDR, SHMAT_FLAGS); - if (shmaddr == (char *)-1) { - perror("Shared memory attach failure"); - shmctl(shmid, IPC_RMID, NULL); - exit(2); - } - printf("shmaddr: %p\n", shmaddr); - - dprintf("Starting the writes:\n"); - for (i = 0; i < LENGTH; i++) { - shmaddr[i] = (char)(i); - if (!(i % (1024 * 1024))) - dprintf("."); - } - dprintf("\n"); - - dprintf("Starting the Check..."); - for (i = 0; i < LENGTH; i++) - if (shmaddr[i] != (char)i) - printf("\nIndex %lu mismatched\n", i); - dprintf("Done.\n"); - - if (shmdt((const void *)shmaddr) != 0) { - perror("Detach failure"); - shmctl(shmid, IPC_RMID, NULL); - exit(3); - } - - shmctl(shmid, IPC_RMID, NULL); - - return 0; -} ******************************************************************* /* - * Example of using huge page memory in a user application using the mmap - * system call. Before running this application, make sure that the - * administrator has mounted the hugetlbfs filesystem (on some directory - * like /mnt) using the command mount -t hugetlbfs nodev /mnt. In this - * example, the app is requesting memory of size 256MB that is backed by - * huge pages. - * - * For the ia64 architecture, the Linux kernel reserves Region number 4 for - * huge pages. That means that if one requires a fixed address, a huge page - * aligned address starting with 0x800000... will be required. If a fixed - * address is not required, the kernel will select an address in the proper - * range. - * Other architectures, such as ppc64, i386 or x86_64 are not so constrained. + * hugepage-mmap: see Documentation/vm/hugepage-mmap.c */ -#include <stdlib.h> -#include <stdio.h> -#include <unistd.h> -#include <sys/mman.h> -#include <fcntl.h> - -#define FILE_NAME "/mnt/hugepagefile" -#define LENGTH (256UL*1024*1024) -#define PROTECTION (PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE) - -#define ADDR (void *)(0x0UL) /* let kernel choose address */ -#define FLAGS (MAP_SHARED) - -void check_bytes(char *addr) -{ - printf("First hex is %x\n", *((unsigned int *)addr)); -} - -void write_bytes(char *addr) -{ - unsigned long i; - - for (i = 0; i < LENGTH; i++) - *(addr + i) = (char)i; -} - -void read_bytes(char *addr) -{ - unsigned long i; - - check_bytes(addr); - for (i = 0; i < LENGTH; i++) - if (*(addr + i) != (char)i) { - printf("Mismatch at %lu\n", i); - break; - } -} - -int main(void) -{ - void *addr; - int fd; - - fd = open(FILE_NAME, O_CREAT | O_RDWR, 0755); - if (fd < 0) { - perror("Open failed"); - exit(1); - } - - addr = mmap(ADDR, LENGTH, PROTECTION, FLAGS, fd, 0); - if (addr == MAP_FAILED) { - perror("mmap"); - unlink(FILE_NAME); - exit(1); - } - - printf("Returned address is %p\n", addr); - check_bytes(addr); - write_bytes(addr); - read_bytes(addr); - - munmap(addr, LENGTH); - close(fd); - unlink(FILE_NAME); - - return 0; -} diff --git a/Documentation/vm/map_hugetlb.c b/Documentation/vm/map_hugetlb.c index e2bdae3..9969c7d 100644 --- a/Documentation/vm/map_hugetlb.c +++ b/Documentation/vm/map_hugetlb.c @@ -31,12 +31,12 @@ #define FLAGS (MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_HUGETLB) #endif -void check_bytes(char *addr) +static void check_bytes(char *addr) { printf("First hex is %x\n", *((unsigned int *)addr)); } -void write_bytes(char *addr) +static void write_bytes(char *addr) { unsigned long i; @@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ void write_bytes(char *addr) *(addr + i) = (char)i; } -void read_bytes(char *addr) +static void read_bytes(char *addr) { unsigned long i; diff --git a/Documentation/voyager.txt b/Documentation/voyager.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 2749af5..0000000 --- a/Documentation/voyager.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,95 +0,0 @@ -Running Linux on the Voyager Architecture -========================================= - -For full details and current project status, see - -http://www.hansenpartnership.com/voyager - -The voyager architecture was designed by NCR in the mid 80s to be a -fully SMP capable RAS computing architecture built around intel's 486 -chip set. The voyager came in three levels of architectural -sophistication: 3,4 and 5 --- 1 and 2 never made it out of prototype. -The linux patches support only the Level 5 voyager architecture (any -machine class 3435 and above). - -The Voyager Architecture ------------------------- - -Voyager machines consist of a Baseboard with a 386 diagnostic -processor, a Power Supply Interface (PSI) a Primary and possibly -Secondary Microchannel bus and between 2 and 20 voyager slots. The -voyager slots can be populated with memory and cpu cards (up to 4GB -memory and from 1 486 to 32 Pentium Pro processors). Internally, the -voyager has a dual arbitrated system bus and a configuration and test -bus (CAT). The voyager bus speed is 40MHz. Therefore (since all -voyager cards are dual ported for each system bus) the maximum -transfer rate is 320Mb/s but only if you have your slot configuration -tuned (only memory cards can communicate with both busses at once, CPU -cards utilise them one at a time). - -Voyager SMP ------------ - -Since voyager was the first intel based SMP system, it is slightly -more primitive than the Intel IO-APIC approach to SMP. Voyager allows -arbitrary interrupt routing (including processor affinity routing) of -all 16 PC type interrupts. However it does this by using a modified -5259 master/slave chip set instead of an APIC bus. Additionally, -voyager supports Cross Processor Interrupts (CPI) equivalent to the -APIC IPIs. There are two routed voyager interrupt lines provided to -each slot. - -Processor Cards ---------------- - -These come in single, dyadic and quad configurations (the quads are -problematic--see later). The maximum configuration is 8 quad cards -for 32 way SMP. - -Quad Processors ---------------- - -Because voyager only supplies two interrupt lines to each Processor -card, the Quad processors have to be configured (and Bootstrapped) in -as a pair of Master/Slave processors. - -In fact, most Quad cards only accept one VIC interrupt line, so they -have one interrupt handling processor (called the VIC extended -processor) and three non-interrupt handling processors. - -Current Status --------------- - -The System will boot on Mono, Dyad and Quad cards. There was -originally a Quad boot problem which has been fixed by proper gdt -alignment in the initial boot loader. If you still cannot get your -voyager system to boot, email me at: - -<J.E.J.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com> - - -The Quad cards now support using the separate Quad CPI vectors instead -of going through the VIC mailbox system. - -The Level 4 architecture (3430 and 3360 Machines) should also work -fine. - -Dump Switch ------------ - -The voyager dump switch sends out a broadcast NMI which the voyager -code intercepts and does a task dump. - -Power Switch ------------- - -The front panel power switch is intercepted by the kernel and should -cause a system shutdown and power off. - -A Note About Mixed CPU Systems ------------------------------- - -Linux isn't designed to handle mixed CPU systems very well. In order -to get everything going you *must* make sure that your lowest -capability CPU is used for booting. Also, mixing CPU classes -(e.g. 486 and 586) is really not going to work very well at all. |
