diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation/networking')
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/networking/00-INDEX | 5 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/networking/bcm43xx.txt | 89 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/networking/can.txt | 8 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/networking/phy.txt | 38 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/networking/sk98lin.txt | 568 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/networking/wan-router.txt | 621 |
6 files changed, 41 insertions, 1288 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/networking/00-INDEX b/Documentation/networking/00-INDEX index 02e56d4..1634c6dc 100644 --- a/Documentation/networking/00-INDEX +++ b/Documentation/networking/00-INDEX @@ -84,9 +84,6 @@ policy-routing.txt - IP policy-based routing ray_cs.txt - Raylink Wireless LAN card driver info. -sk98lin.txt - - Marvell Yukon Chipset / SysKonnect SK-98xx compliant Gigabit - Ethernet Adapter family driver info skfp.txt - SysKonnect FDDI (SK-5xxx, Compaq Netelligent) driver info. smc9.txt @@ -103,8 +100,6 @@ tuntap.txt - TUN/TAP device driver, allowing user space Rx/Tx of packets. vortex.txt - info on using 3Com Vortex (3c590, 3c592, 3c595, 3c597) Ethernet cards. -wan-router.txt - - WAN router documentation wavelan.txt - AT&T GIS (nee NCR) WaveLAN card: An Ethernet-like radio transceiver x25.txt diff --git a/Documentation/networking/bcm43xx.txt b/Documentation/networking/bcm43xx.txt deleted file mode 100644 index d602c8d..0000000 --- a/Documentation/networking/bcm43xx.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,89 +0,0 @@ - - BCM43xx Linux Driver Project - ============================ - -Introduction ------------- - -Many of the wireless devices found in modern notebook computers are -based on the wireless chips produced by Broadcom. These devices have -been a problem for Linux users as there is no open-source driver -available. In addition, Broadcom has not released specifications -for the device, and driver availability has been limited to the -binary-only form used in the GPL versions of AP hardware such as the -Linksys WRT54G, and the Windows and OS X drivers. Before this project -began, the only way to use these devices were to use the Windows or -OS X drivers with either the Linuxant or ndiswrapper modules. There -is a strong penalty if this method is used as loading the binary-only -module "taints" the kernel, and no kernel developer will help diagnose -any kernel problems. - -Development ------------ - -This driver has been developed using -a clean-room technique that is described at -http://bcm-specs.sipsolutions.net/ReverseEngineeringProcess. For legal -reasons, none of the clean-room crew works on the on the Linux driver, -and none of the Linux developers sees anything but the specifications, -which are the ultimate product of the reverse-engineering group. - -Software --------- - -Since the release of the 2.6.17 kernel, the bcm43xx driver has been -distributed with the kernel source, and is prebuilt in most, if not -all, distributions. There is, however, additional software that is -required. The firmware used by the chip is the intellectual property -of Broadcom and they have not given the bcm43xx team redistribution -rights to this firmware. Since we cannot legally redistribute -the firmware we cannot include it with the driver. Furthermore, it -cannot be placed in the downloadable archives of any distributing -organization; therefore, the user is responsible for obtaining the -firmware and placing it in the appropriate location so that the driver -can find it when initializing. - -To help with this process, the bcm43xx developers provide a separate -program named bcm43xx-fwcutter to "cut" the firmware out of a -Windows or OS X driver and write the extracted files to the proper -location. This program is usually provided with the distribution; -however, it may be downloaded from - -http://developer.berlios.de/project/showfiles.php?group_id=4547 - -The firmware is available in two versions. V3 firmware is used with -the in-kernel bcm43xx driver that uses a software MAC layer called -SoftMAC, and will have a microcode revision of 0x127 or smaller. The -V4 firmware is used by an out-of-kernel driver employing a variation of -the Devicescape MAC layer known as d80211. Once bcm43xx-d80211 reaches -a satisfactory level of development, it will replace bcm43xx-softmac -in the kernel as it is much more flexible and powerful. - -A source for the latest V3 firmware is - -http://downloads.openwrt.org/sources/wl_apsta-3.130.20.0.o - -Once this file is downloaded, the command -'bcm43xx-fwcutter -w <dir> <filename>' -will extract the microcode and write it to directory -<dir>. The correct directory will depend on your distribution; -however, most use '/lib/firmware'. Once this step is completed, -the bcm3xx driver should load when the system is booted. To see -any messages relating to the driver, issue the command 'dmesg | -grep bcm43xx' from a terminal window. If there are any problems, -please send that output to Bcm43xx-dev@lists.berlios.de. - -Although the driver has been in-kernel since 2.6.17, the earliest -version is quite limited in its capability. Patches that include -all features of later versions are available for the stable kernel -versions from 2.6.18. These will be needed if you use a BCM4318, -or a PCI Express version (BCM4311 and BCM4312). In addition, if you -have an early BCM4306 and more than 1 GB RAM, your kernel will need -to be patched. These patches, which are being updated regularly, -are available at ftp://lwfinger.dynalias.org/patches. Look for -combined_2.6.YY.patch. Of course you will need kernel source downloaded -from kernel.org, or the source from your distribution. - -If you build your own kernel, please enable CONFIG_BCM43XX_DEBUG -and CONFIG_IEEE80211_SOFTMAC_DEBUG. The log information provided is -essential for solving any problems. diff --git a/Documentation/networking/can.txt b/Documentation/networking/can.txt index f1b2de1..641d2af 100644 --- a/Documentation/networking/can.txt +++ b/Documentation/networking/can.txt @@ -281,10 +281,10 @@ solution for a couple of reasons: sa_family_t can_family; int can_ifindex; union { - struct { canid_t rx_id, tx_id; } tp16; - struct { canid_t rx_id, tx_id; } tp20; - struct { canid_t rx_id, tx_id; } mcnet; - struct { canid_t rx_id, tx_id; } isotp; + /* transport protocol class address info (e.g. ISOTP) */ + struct { canid_t rx_id, tx_id; } tp; + + /* reserved for future CAN protocols address information */ } can_addr; }; diff --git a/Documentation/networking/phy.txt b/Documentation/networking/phy.txt index 0bc95ea..8df6a7b 100644 --- a/Documentation/networking/phy.txt +++ b/Documentation/networking/phy.txt @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ ------- PHY Abstraction Layer -(Updated 2006-11-30) +(Updated 2008-04-08) Purpose @@ -291,3 +291,39 @@ Writing a PHY driver Feel free to look at the Marvell, Cicada, and Davicom drivers in drivers/net/phy/ for examples (the lxt and qsemi drivers have not been tested as of this writing) + +Board Fixups + + Sometimes the specific interaction between the platform and the PHY requires + special handling. For instance, to change where the PHY's clock input is, + or to add a delay to account for latency issues in the data path. In order + to support such contingencies, the PHY Layer allows platform code to register + fixups to be run when the PHY is brought up (or subsequently reset). + + When the PHY Layer brings up a PHY it checks to see if there are any fixups + registered for it, matching based on UID (contained in the PHY device's phy_id + field) and the bus identifier (contained in phydev->dev.bus_id). Both must + match, however two constants, PHY_ANY_ID and PHY_ANY_UID, are provided as + wildcards for the bus ID and UID, respectively. + + When a match is found, the PHY layer will invoke the run function associated + with the fixup. This function is passed a pointer to the phy_device of + interest. It should therefore only operate on that PHY. + + The platform code can either register the fixup using phy_register_fixup(): + + int phy_register_fixup(const char *phy_id, + u32 phy_uid, u32 phy_uid_mask, + int (*run)(struct phy_device *)); + + Or using one of the two stubs, phy_register_fixup_for_uid() and + phy_register_fixup_for_id(): + + int phy_register_fixup_for_uid(u32 phy_uid, u32 phy_uid_mask, + int (*run)(struct phy_device *)); + int phy_register_fixup_for_id(const char *phy_id, + int (*run)(struct phy_device *)); + + The stubs set one of the two matching criteria, and set the other one to + match anything. + diff --git a/Documentation/networking/sk98lin.txt b/Documentation/networking/sk98lin.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 8590a95..0000000 --- a/Documentation/networking/sk98lin.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,568 +0,0 @@ -(C)Copyright 1999-2004 Marvell(R). -All rights reserved -=========================================================================== - -sk98lin.txt created 13-Feb-2004 - -Readme File for sk98lin v6.23 -Marvell Yukon/SysKonnect SK-98xx Gigabit Ethernet Adapter family driver for LINUX - -This file contains - 1 Overview - 2 Required Files - 3 Installation - 3.1 Driver Installation - 3.2 Inclusion of adapter at system start - 4 Driver Parameters - 4.1 Per-Port Parameters - 4.2 Adapter Parameters - 5 Large Frame Support - 6 VLAN and Link Aggregation Support (IEEE 802.1, 802.1q, 802.3ad) - 7 Troubleshooting - -=========================================================================== - - -1 Overview -=========== - -The sk98lin driver supports the Marvell Yukon and SysKonnect -SK-98xx/SK-95xx compliant Gigabit Ethernet Adapter on Linux. It has -been tested with Linux on Intel/x86 machines. -*** - - -2 Required Files -================= - -The linux kernel source. -No additional files required. -*** - - -3 Installation -=============== - -It is recommended to download the latest version of the driver from the -SysKonnect web site www.syskonnect.com. If you have downloaded the latest -driver, the Linux kernel has to be patched before the driver can be -installed. For details on how to patch a Linux kernel, refer to the -patch.txt file. - -3.1 Driver Installation ------------------------- - -The following steps describe the actions that are required to install -the driver and to start it manually. These steps should be carried -out for the initial driver setup. Once confirmed to be ok, they can -be included in the system start. - -NOTE 1: To perform the following tasks you need 'root' access. - -NOTE 2: In case of problems, please read the section "Troubleshooting" - below. - -The driver can either be integrated into the kernel or it can be compiled -as a module. Select the appropriate option during the kernel -configuration. - -Compile/use the driver as a module ----------------------------------- -To compile the driver, go to the directory /usr/src/linux and -execute the command "make menuconfig" or "make xconfig" and proceed as -follows: - -To integrate the driver permanently into the kernel, proceed as follows: - -1. Select the menu "Network device support" and then "Ethernet(1000Mbit)" -2. Mark "Marvell Yukon Chipset / SysKonnect SK-98xx family support" - with (*) -3. Build a new kernel when the configuration of the above options is - finished. -4. Install the new kernel. -5. Reboot your system. - -To use the driver as a module, proceed as follows: - -1. Enable 'loadable module support' in the kernel. -2. For automatic driver start, enable the 'Kernel module loader'. -3. Select the menu "Network device support" and then "Ethernet(1000Mbit)" -4. Mark "Marvell Yukon Chipset / SysKonnect SK-98xx family support" - with (M) -5. Execute the command "make modules". -6. Execute the command "make modules_install". - The appropriate modules will be installed. -7. Reboot your system. - - -Load the module manually ------------------------- -To load the module manually, proceed as follows: - -1. Enter "modprobe sk98lin". -2. If a Marvell Yukon or SysKonnect SK-98xx adapter is installed in - your computer and you have a /proc file system, execute the command: - "ls /proc/net/sk98lin/" - This should produce an output containing a line with the following - format: - eth0 eth1 ... - which indicates that your adapter has been found and initialized. - - NOTE 1: If you have more than one Marvell Yukon or SysKonnect SK-98xx - adapter installed, the adapters will be listed as 'eth0', - 'eth1', 'eth2', etc. - For each adapter, repeat steps 3 and 4 below. - - NOTE 2: If you have other Ethernet adapters installed, your Marvell - Yukon or SysKonnect SK-98xx adapter will be mapped to the - next available number, e.g. 'eth1'. The mapping is executed - automatically. - The module installation message (displayed either in a system - log file or on the console) prints a line for each adapter - found containing the corresponding 'ethX'. - -3. Select an IP address and assign it to the respective adapter by - entering: - ifconfig eth0 <ip-address> - With this command, the adapter is connected to the Ethernet. - - SK-98xx Gigabit Ethernet Server Adapters: The yellow LED on the adapter - is now active, the link status LED of the primary port is active and - the link status LED of the secondary port (on dual port adapters) is - blinking (if the ports are connected to a switch or hub). - SK-98xx V2.0 Gigabit Ethernet Adapters: The link status LED is active. - In addition, you will receive a status message on the console stating - "ethX: network connection up using port Y" and showing the selected - connection parameters (x stands for the ethernet device number - (0,1,2, etc), y stands for the port name (A or B)). - - NOTE: If you are in doubt about IP addresses, ask your network - administrator for assistance. - -4. Your adapter should now be fully operational. - Use 'ping <otherstation>' to verify the connection to other computers - on your network. -5. To check the adapter configuration view /proc/net/sk98lin/[devicename]. - For example by executing: - "cat /proc/net/sk98lin/eth0" - -Unload the module ------------------ -To stop and unload the driver modules, proceed as follows: - -1. Execute the command "ifconfig eth0 down". -2. Execute the command "rmmod sk98lin". - -3.2 Inclusion of adapter at system start ------------------------------------------ - -Since a large number of different Linux distributions are -available, we are unable to describe a general installation procedure -for the driver module. -Because the driver is now integrated in the kernel, installation should -be easy, using the standard mechanism of your distribution. -Refer to the distribution's manual for installation of ethernet adapters. - -*** - -4 Driver Parameters -==================== - -Parameters can be set at the command line after the module has been -loaded with the command 'modprobe'. -In some distributions, the configuration tools are able to pass parameters -to the driver module. - -If you use the kernel module loader, you can set driver parameters -in the file /etc/modprobe.conf (or /etc/modules.conf in 2.4 or earlier). -To set the driver parameters in this file, proceed as follows: - -1. Insert a line of the form : - options sk98lin ... - For "...", the same syntax is required as described for the command - line parameters of modprobe below. -2. To activate the new parameters, either reboot your computer - or - unload and reload the driver. - The syntax of the driver parameters is: - - modprobe sk98lin parameter=value1[,value2[,value3...]] - - where value1 refers to the first adapter, value2 to the second etc. - -NOTE: All parameters are case sensitive. Write them exactly as shown - below. - -Example: -Suppose you have two adapters. You want to set auto-negotiation -on the first adapter to ON and on the second adapter to OFF. -You also want to set DuplexCapabilities on the first adapter -to FULL, and on the second adapter to HALF. -Then, you must enter: - - modprobe sk98lin AutoNeg_A=On,Off DupCap_A=Full,Half - -NOTE: The number of adapters that can be configured this way is - limited in the driver (file skge.c, constant SK_MAX_CARD_PARAM). - The current limit is 16. If you happen to install - more adapters, adjust this and recompile. - - -4.1 Per-Port Parameters ------------------------- - -These settings are available for each port on the adapter. -In the following description, '?' stands for the port for -which you set the parameter (A or B). - -Speed ------ -Parameter: Speed_? -Values: 10, 100, 1000, Auto -Default: Auto - -This parameter is used to set the speed capabilities. It is only valid -for the SK-98xx V2.0 copper adapters. -Usually, the speed is negotiated between the two ports during link -establishment. If this fails, a port can be forced to a specific setting -with this parameter. - -Auto-Negotiation ----------------- -Parameter: AutoNeg_? -Values: On, Off, Sense -Default: On - -The "Sense"-mode automatically detects whether the link partner supports -auto-negotiation or not. - -Duplex Capabilities -------------------- -Parameter: DupCap_? -Values: Half, Full, Both -Default: Both - -This parameters is only relevant if auto-negotiation for this port is -not set to "Sense". If auto-negotiation is set to "On", all three values -are possible. If it is set to "Off", only "Full" and "Half" are allowed. -This parameter is useful if your link partner does not support all -possible combinations. - -Flow Control ------------- -Parameter: FlowCtrl_? -Values: Sym, SymOrRem, LocSend, None -Default: SymOrRem - -This parameter can be used to set the flow control capabilities the -port reports during auto-negotiation. It can be set for each port -individually. -Possible modes: - -- Sym = Symmetric: both link partners are allowed to send - PAUSE frames - -- SymOrRem = SymmetricOrRemote: both or only remote partner - are allowed to send PAUSE frames - -- LocSend = LocalSend: only local link partner is allowed - to send PAUSE frames - -- None = no link partner is allowed to send PAUSE frames - -NOTE: This parameter is ignored if auto-negotiation is set to "Off". - -Role in Master-Slave-Negotiation (1000Base-T only) --------------------------------------------------- -Parameter: Role_? -Values: Auto, Master, Slave -Default: Auto - -This parameter is only valid for the SK-9821 and SK-9822 adapters. -For two 1000Base-T ports to communicate, one must take the role of the -master (providing timing information), while the other must be the -slave. Usually, this is negotiated between the two ports during link -establishment. If this fails, a port can be forced to a specific setting -with this parameter. - - -4.2 Adapter Parameters ------------------------ - -Connection Type (SK-98xx V2.0 copper adapters only) ---------------- -Parameter: ConType -Values: Auto, 100FD, 100HD, 10FD, 10HD -Default: Auto - -The parameter 'ConType' is a combination of all five per-port parameters -within one single parameter. This simplifies the configuration of both ports -of an adapter card! The different values of this variable reflect the most -meaningful combinations of port parameters. - -The following table shows the values of 'ConType' and the corresponding -combinations of the per-port parameters: - - ConType | DupCap AutoNeg FlowCtrl Role Speed - ----------+------------------------------------------------------ - Auto | Both On SymOrRem Auto Auto - 100FD | Full Off None Auto (ignored) 100 - 100HD | Half Off None Auto (ignored) 100 - 10FD | Full Off None Auto (ignored) 10 - 10HD | Half Off None Auto (ignored) 10 - -Stating any other port parameter together with this 'ConType' variable -will result in a merged configuration of those settings. This due to -the fact, that the per-port parameters (e.g. Speed_? ) have a higher -priority than the combined variable 'ConType'. - -NOTE: This parameter is always used on both ports of the adapter card. - -Interrupt Moderation --------------------- -Parameter: Moderation -Values: None, Static, Dynamic -Default: None - -Interrupt moderation is employed to limit the maximum number of interrupts -the driver has to serve. That is, one or more interrupts (which indicate any -transmit or receive packet to be processed) are queued until the driver -processes them. When queued interrupts are to be served, is determined by the -'IntsPerSec' parameter, which is explained later below. - -Possible modes: - - -- None - No interrupt moderation is applied on the adapter card. - Therefore, each transmit or receive interrupt is served immediately - as soon as it appears on the interrupt line of the adapter card. - - -- Static - Interrupt moderation is applied on the adapter card. - All transmit and receive interrupts are queued until a complete - moderation interval ends. If such a moderation interval ends, all - queued interrupts are processed in one big bunch without any delay. - The term 'static' reflects the fact, that interrupt moderation is - always enabled, regardless how much network load is currently - passing via a particular interface. In addition, the duration of - the moderation interval has a fixed length that never changes while - the driver is operational. - - -- Dynamic - Interrupt moderation might be applied on the adapter card, - depending on the load of the system. If the driver detects that the - system load is too high, the driver tries to shield the system against - too much network load by enabling interrupt moderation. If - at a later - time - the CPU utilization decreases again (or if the network load is - negligible) the interrupt moderation will automatically be disabled. - -Interrupt moderation should be used when the driver has to handle one or more -interfaces with a high network load, which - as a consequence - leads also to a -high CPU utilization. When moderation is applied in such high network load -situations, CPU load might be reduced by 20-30%. - -NOTE: The drawback of using interrupt moderation is an increase of the round- -trip-time (RTT), due to the queueing and serving of interrupts at dedicated -moderation times. - -Interrupts per second ---------------------- -Parameter: IntsPerSec -Values: 30...40000 (interrupts per second) -Default: 2000 - -This parameter is only used if either static or dynamic interrupt moderation -is used on a network adapter card. Using this parameter if no moderation is -applied will lead to no action performed. - -This parameter determines the length of any interrupt moderation interval. -Assuming that static interrupt moderation is to be used, an 'IntsPerSec' -parameter value of 2000 will lead to an interrupt moderation interval of -500 microseconds. - -NOTE: The duration of the moderation interval is to be chosen with care. -At first glance, selecting a very long duration (e.g. only 100 interrupts per -second) seems to be meaningful, but the increase of packet-processing delay -is tremendous. On the other hand, selecting a very short moderation time might -compensate the use of any moderation being applied. - - -Preferred Port --------------- -Parameter: PrefPort -Values: A, B -Default: A - -This is used to force the preferred port to A or B (on dual-port network -adapters). The preferred port is the one that is used if both are detected -as fully functional. - -RLMT Mode (Redundant Link Management Technology) ------------------------------------------------- -Parameter: RlmtMode -Values: CheckLinkState,CheckLocalPort, CheckSeg, DualNet -Default: CheckLinkState - -RLMT monitors the status of the port. If the link of the active port -fails, RLMT switches immediately to the standby link. The virtual link is -maintained as long as at least one 'physical' link is up. - -Possible modes: - - -- CheckLinkState - Check link state only: RLMT uses the link state - reported by the adapter hardware for each individual port to - determine whether a port can be used for all network traffic or - not. - - -- CheckLocalPort - In this mode, RLMT monitors the network path - between the two ports of an adapter by regularly exchanging packets - between them. This mode requires a network configuration in which - the two ports are able to "see" each other (i.e. there must not be - any router between the ports). - - -- CheckSeg - Check local port and segmentation: This mode supports the - same functions as the CheckLocalPort mode and additionally checks - network segmentation between the ports. Therefore, this mode is only - to be used if Gigabit Ethernet switches are installed on the network - that have been configured to use the Spanning Tree protocol. - - -- DualNet - In this mode, ports A and B are used as separate devices. - If you have a dual port adapter, port A will be configured as eth0 - and port B as eth1. Both ports can be used independently with - distinct IP addresses. The preferred port setting is not used. - RLMT is turned off. - -NOTE: RLMT modes CLP and CLPSS are designed to operate in configurations - where a network path between the ports on one adapter exists. - Moreover, they are not designed to work where adapters are connected - back-to-back. -*** - - -5 Large Frame Support -====================== - -The driver supports large frames (also called jumbo frames). Using large -frames can result in an improved throughput if transferring large amounts -of data. -To enable large frames, set the MTU (maximum transfer unit) of the -interface to the desired value (up to 9000), execute the following -command: - ifconfig eth0 mtu 9000 -This will only work if you have two adapters connected back-to-back -or if you use a switch that supports large frames. When using a switch, -it should be configured to allow large frames and auto-negotiation should -be set to OFF. The setting must be configured on all adapters that can be -reached by the large frames. If one adapter is not set to receive large -frames, it will simply drop them. - -You can switch back to the standard ethernet frame size by executing the -following command: - ifconfig eth0 mtu 1500 - -To permanently configure this setting, add a script with the 'ifconfig' -line to the system startup sequence (named something like "S99sk98lin" -in /etc/rc.d/rc2.d). -*** - - -6 VLAN and Link Aggregation Support (IEEE 802.1, 802.1q, 802.3ad) -================================================================== - -The Marvell Yukon/SysKonnect Linux drivers are able to support VLAN and -Link Aggregation according to IEEE standards 802.1, 802.1q, and 802.3ad. -These features are only available after installation of open source -modules available on the Internet: -For VLAN go to: http://www.candelatech.com/~greear/vlan.html -For Link Aggregation go to: http://www.st.rim.or.jp/~yumo - -NOTE: SysKonnect GmbH does not offer any support for these open source - modules and does not take the responsibility for any kind of - failures or problems arising in connection with these modules. - -NOTE: Configuring Link Aggregation on a SysKonnect dual link adapter may - cause problems when unloading the driver. - - -7 Troubleshooting -================== - -If any problems occur during the installation process, check the -following list: - - -Problem: The SK-98xx adapter cannot be found by the driver. -Solution: In /proc/pci search for the following entry: - 'Ethernet controller: SysKonnect SK-98xx ...' - If this entry exists, the SK-98xx or SK-98xx V2.0 adapter has - been found by the system and should be operational. - If this entry does not exist or if the file '/proc/pci' is not - found, there may be a hardware problem or the PCI support may - not be enabled in your kernel. - The adapter can be checked using the diagnostics program which - is available on the SysKonnect web site: - www.syskonnect.com - - Some COMPAQ machines have problems dealing with PCI under Linux. - This problem is described in the 'PCI howto' document - (included in some distributions or available from the - web, e.g. at 'www.linux.org'). - - -Problem: Programs such as 'ifconfig' or 'route' cannot be found or the - error message 'Operation not permitted' is displayed. -Reason: You are not logged in as user 'root'. -Solution: Logout and login as 'root' or change to 'root' via 'su'. - - -Problem: Upon use of the command 'ping <address>' the message - "ping: sendto: Network is unreachable" is displayed. -Reason: Your route is not set correctly. -Solution: If you are using RedHat, you probably forgot to set up the - route in the 'network configuration'. - Check the existing routes with the 'route' command and check - if an entry for 'eth0' exists, and if so, if it is set correctly. - - -Problem: The driver can be started, the adapter is connected to the - network, but you cannot receive or transmit any packets; - e.g. 'ping' does not work. -Reason: There is an incorrect route in your routing table. -Solution: Check the routing table with the command 'route' and read the - manual help pages dealing with routes (enter 'man route'). - -NOTE: Although the 2.2.x kernel versions generate the routing entry - automatically, problems of this kind may occur here as well. We've - come across a situation in which the driver started correctly at - system start, but after the driver has been removed and reloaded, - the route of the adapter's network pointed to the 'dummy0'device - and had to be corrected manually. - - -Problem: Your computer should act as a router between multiple - IP subnetworks (using multiple adapters), but computers in - other subnetworks cannot be reached. -Reason: Either the router's kernel is not configured for IP forwarding - or the routing table and gateway configuration of at least one - computer is not working. - -Problem: Upon driver start, the following error message is displayed: - "eth0: -- ERROR -- - Class: internal Software error - Nr: 0xcc - Msg: SkGeInitPort() cannot init running ports" -Reason: You are using a driver compiled for single processor machines - on a multiprocessor machine with SMP (Symmetric MultiProcessor) - kernel. -Solution: Configure your kernel appropriately and recompile the kernel or - the modules. - - - -If your problem is not listed here, please contact SysKonnect's technical -support for help (linux@syskonnect.de). -When contacting our technical support, please ensure that the following -information is available: -- System Manufacturer and HW Informations (CPU, Memory... ) -- PCI-Boards in your system -- Distribution -- Kernel version -- Driver version -*** - - - -***End of Readme File*** diff --git a/Documentation/networking/wan-router.txt b/Documentation/networking/wan-router.txt deleted file mode 100644 index bc2ab41..0000000 --- a/Documentation/networking/wan-router.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,621 +0,0 @@ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -Linux WAN Router Utilities Package ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -Version 2.2.1 -Mar 28, 2001 -Author: Nenad Corbic <ncorbic@sangoma.com> -Copyright (c) 1995-2001 Sangoma Technologies Inc. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -INTRODUCTION - -Wide Area Networks (WANs) are used to interconnect Local Area Networks (LANs) -and/or stand-alone hosts over vast distances with data transfer rates -significantly higher than those achievable with commonly used dial-up -connections. - -Usually an external device called `WAN router' sitting on your local network -or connected to your machine's serial port provides physical connection to -WAN. Although router's job may be as simple as taking your local network -traffic, converting it to WAN format and piping it through the WAN link, these -devices are notoriously expensive, with prices as much as 2 - 5 times higher -then the price of a typical PC box. - -Alternatively, considering robustness and multitasking capabilities of Linux, -an internal router can be built (most routers use some sort of stripped down -Unix-like operating system anyway). With a number of relatively inexpensive WAN -interface cards available on the market, a perfectly usable router can be -built for less than half a price of an external router. Yet a Linux box -acting as a router can still be used for other purposes, such as fire-walling, -running FTP, WWW or DNS server, etc. - -This kernel module introduces the notion of a WAN Link Driver (WLD) to Linux -operating system and provides generic hardware-independent services for such -drivers. Why can existing Linux network device interface not be used for -this purpose? Well, it can. However, there are a few key differences between -a typical network interface (e.g. Ethernet) and a WAN link. - -Many WAN protocols, such as X.25 and frame relay, allow for multiple logical -connections (known as `virtual circuits' in X.25 terminology) over a single -physical link. Each such virtual circuit may (and almost always does) lead -to a different geographical location and, therefore, different network. As a -result, it is the virtual circuit, not the physical link, that represents a -route and, therefore, a network interface in Linux terms. - -To further complicate things, virtual circuits are usually volatile in nature -(excluding so called `permanent' virtual circuits or PVCs). With almost no -time required to set up and tear down a virtual circuit, it is highly desirable -to implement on-demand connections in order to minimize network charges. So -unlike a typical network driver, the WAN driver must be able to handle multiple -network interfaces and cope as multiple virtual circuits come into existence -and go away dynamically. - -Last, but not least, WAN configuration is much more complex than that of say -Ethernet and may well amount to several dozens of parameters. Some of them -are "link-wide" while others are virtual circuit-specific. The same holds -true for WAN statistics which is by far more extensive and extremely useful -when troubleshooting WAN connections. Extending the ifconfig utility to suit -these needs may be possible, but does not seem quite reasonable. Therefore, a -WAN configuration utility and corresponding application programmer's interface -is needed for this purpose. - -Most of these problems are taken care of by this module. Its goal is to -provide a user with more-or-less standard look and feel for all WAN devices and -assist a WAN device driver writer by providing common services, such as: - - o User-level interface via /proc file system - o Centralized configuration - o Device management (setup, shutdown, etc.) - o Network interface management (dynamic creation/destruction) - o Protocol encapsulation/decapsulation - -To ba able to use the Linux WAN Router you will also need a WAN Tools package -available from - - ftp.sangoma.com/pub/linux/current_wanpipe/wanpipe-X.Y.Z.tgz - -where vX.Y.Z represent the wanpipe version number. - -For technical questions and/or comments please e-mail to ncorbic@sangoma.com. -For general inquiries please contact Sangoma Technologies Inc. by - - Hotline: 1-800-388-2475 (USA and Canada, toll free) - Phone: (905) 474-1990 ext: 106 - Fax: (905) 474-9223 - E-mail: dm@sangoma.com (David Mandelstam) - WWW: http://www.sangoma.com - - -INSTALLATION - -Please read the WanpipeForLinux.pdf manual on how to -install the WANPIPE tools and drivers properly. - - -After installing wanpipe package: /usr/local/wanrouter/doc. -On the ftp.sangoma.com : /linux/current_wanpipe/doc - - -COPYRIGHT AND LICENSING INFORMATION - -This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under -the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software -Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any later version. - -This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT -ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS -FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. - -You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with -this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass -Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. - - - -ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS - -This product is based on the WANPIPE(tm) Multiprotocol WAN Router developed -by Sangoma Technologies Inc. for Linux 2.0.x and 2.2.x. Success of the WANPIPE -together with the next major release of Linux kernel in summer 1996 commanded -adequate changes to the WANPIPE code to take full advantage of new Linux -features. - -Instead of continuing developing proprietary interface tied to Sangoma WAN -cards, we decided to separate all hardware-independent code into a separate -module and defined two levels of interfaces - one for user-level applications -and another for kernel-level WAN drivers. WANPIPE is now implemented as a -WAN driver compliant with the WAN Link Driver interface. Also a general -purpose WAN configuration utility and a set of shell scripts was developed to -support WAN router at the user level. - -Many useful ideas concerning hardware-independent interface implementation -were given by Mike McLagan <mike.mclagan@linux.org> and his implementation -of the Frame Relay router and drivers for Sangoma cards (dlci/sdla). - -With the new implementation of the APIs being incorporated into the WANPIPE, -a special thank goes to Alan Cox in providing insight into BSD sockets. - -Special thanks to all the WANPIPE users who performed field-testing, reported -bugs and made valuable comments and suggestions that help us to improve this -product. - - - -NEW IN THIS RELEASE - - o Updated the WANCFG utility - Calls the pppconfig to configure the PPPD - for async connections. - - o Added the PPPCONFIG utility - Used to configure the PPPD daemon for the - WANPIPE Async PPP and standard serial port. - The wancfg calls the pppconfig to configure - the pppd. - - o Fixed the PCI autodetect feature. - The SLOT 0 was used as an autodetect option - however, some high end PC's slot numbers start - from 0. - - o This release has been tested with the new backupd - daemon release. - - -PRODUCT COMPONENTS AND RELATED FILES - -/etc: (or user defined) - wanpipe1.conf default router configuration file - -/lib/modules/X.Y.Z/misc: - wanrouter.o router kernel loadable module - af_wanpipe.o wanpipe api socket module - -/lib/modules/X.Y.Z/net: - sdladrv.o Sangoma SDLA support module - wanpipe.o Sangoma WANPIPE(tm) driver module - -/proc/net/wanrouter - Config reads current router configuration - Status reads current router status - {name} reads WAN driver statistics - -/usr/sbin: - wanrouter wanrouter start-up script - wanconfig wanrouter configuration utility - sdladump WANPIPE adapter memory dump utility - fpipemon Monitor for Frame Relay - cpipemon Monitor for Cisco HDLC - ppipemon Monitor for PPP - xpipemon Monitor for X25 - wpkbdmon WANPIPE keyboard led monitor/debugger - -/usr/local/wanrouter: - README this file - COPYING GNU General Public License - Setup installation script - Filelist distribution definition file - wanrouter.rc meta-configuration file - (used by the Setup and wanrouter script) - -/usr/local/wanrouter/doc: - wanpipeForLinux.pdf WAN Router User's Manual - -/usr/local/wanrouter/patches: - wanrouter-v2213.gz patch for Linux kernels 2.2.11 up to 2.2.13. - wanrouter-v2214.gz patch for Linux kernel 2.2.14. - wanrouter-v2215.gz patch for Linux kernels 2.2.15 to 2.2.17. - wanrouter-v2218.gz patch for Linux kernels 2.2.18 and up. - wanrouter-v240.gz patch for Linux kernel 2.4.0. - wanrouter-v242.gz patch for Linux kernel 2.4.2 and up. - wanrouter-v2034.gz patch for Linux kernel 2.0.34 - wanrouter-v2036.gz patch for Linux kernel 2.0.36 and up. - -/usr/local/wanrouter/patches/kdrivers: - Sources of the latest WANPIPE device drivers. - These are used to UPGRADE the linux kernel to the newest - version if the kernel source has already been patched with - WANPIPE drivers. - -/usr/local/wanrouter/samples: - interface sample interface configuration file - wanpipe1.cpri CHDLC primary port - wanpipe2.csec CHDLC secondary port - wanpipe1.fr Frame Relay protocol - wanpipe1.ppp PPP protocol ) - wanpipe1.asy CHDLC ASYNC protocol - wanpipe1.x25 X25 protocol - wanpipe1.stty Sync TTY driver (Used by Kernel PPPD daemon) - wanpipe1.atty Async TTY driver (Used by Kernel PPPD daemon) - wanrouter.rc sample meta-configuration file - -/usr/local/wanrouter/util: - * wan-tools utilities source code - -/usr/local/wanrouter/api/x25: - * x25 api sample programs. -/usr/local/wanrouter/api/chdlc: - * chdlc api sample programs. -/usr/local/wanrouter/api/fr: - * fr api sample programs. -/usr/local/wanrouter/config/wancfg: - wancfg WANPIPE GUI configuration program. - Creates wanpipe#.conf files. -/usr/local/wanrouter/config/cfgft1: - cfgft1 GUI CSU/DSU configuration program. - -/usr/include/linux: - wanrouter.h router API definitions - wanpipe.h WANPIPE API definitions - sdladrv.h SDLA support module API definitions - sdlasfm.h SDLA firmware module definitions - if_wanpipe.h WANPIPE Socket definitions - sdlapci.h WANPIPE PCI definitions - - -/usr/src/linux/net/wanrouter: - * wanrouter source code - -/var/log: - wanrouter wanrouter start-up log (created by the Setup script) - -/var/lock: (or /var/lock/subsys for RedHat) - wanrouter wanrouter lock file (created by the Setup script) - -/usr/local/wanrouter/firmware: - fr514.sfm Frame relay firmware for Sangoma S508/S514 card - cdual514.sfm Dual Port Cisco HDLC firmware for Sangoma S508/S514 card - ppp514.sfm PPP Firmware for Sangoma S508 and S514 cards - x25_508.sfm X25 Firmware for Sangoma S508 card. - - -REVISION HISTORY - -1.0.0 December 31, 1996 Initial version - -1.0.1 January 30, 1997 Status and statistics can be read via /proc - filesystem entries. - -1.0.2 April 30, 1997 Added UDP management via monitors. - -1.0.3 June 3, 1997 UDP management for multiple boards using Frame - Relay and PPP - Enabled continuous transmission of Configure - Request Packet for PPP (for 508 only) - Connection Timeout for PPP changed from 900 to 0 - Flow Control Problem fixed for Frame Relay - -1.0.4 July 10, 1997 S508/FT1 monitoring capability in fpipemon and - ppipemon utilities. - Configurable TTL for UDP packets. - Multicast and Broadcast IP source addresses are - silently discarded. - -1.0.5 July 28, 1997 Configurable T391,T392,N391,N392,N393 for Frame - Relay in router.conf. - Configurable Memory Address through router.conf - for Frame Relay, PPP and X.25. (commenting this - out enables auto-detection). - Fixed freeing up received buffers using kfree() - for Frame Relay and X.25. - Protect sdla_peek() by calling save_flags(), - cli() and restore_flags(). - Changed number of Trace elements from 32 to 20 - Added DLCI specific data monitoring in FPIPEMON. -2.0.0 Nov 07, 1997 Implemented protection of RACE conditions by - critical flags for FRAME RELAY and PPP. - DLCI List interrupt mode implemented. - IPX support in FRAME RELAY and PPP. - IPX Server Support (MARS) - More driver specific stats included in FPIPEMON - and PIPEMON. - -2.0.1 Nov 28, 1997 Bug Fixes for version 2.0.0. - Protection of "enable_irq()" while - "disable_irq()" has been enabled from any other - routine (for Frame Relay, PPP and X25). - Added additional Stats for Fpipemon and Ppipemon - Improved Load Sharing for multiple boards - -2.0.2 Dec 09, 1997 Support for PAP and CHAP for ppp has been - implemented. - -2.0.3 Aug 15, 1998 New release supporting Cisco HDLC, CIR for Frame - relay, Dynamic IP assignment for PPP and Inverse - Arp support for Frame-relay. Man Pages are - included for better support and a new utility - for configuring FT1 cards. - -2.0.4 Dec 09, 1998 Dual Port support for Cisco HDLC. - Support for HDLC (LAPB) API. - Supports BiSync Streaming code for S502E - and S503 cards. - Support for Streaming HDLC API. - Provides a BSD socket interface for - creating applications using BiSync - streaming. - -2.0.5 Aug 04, 1999 CHDLC initialization bug fix. - PPP interrupt driven driver: - Fix to the PPP line hangup problem. - New PPP firmware - Added comments to the startup SYSTEM ERROR messages - Xpipemon debugging application for the X25 protocol - New USER_MANUAL.txt - Fixed the odd boundary 4byte writes to the board. - BiSync Streaming code has been taken out. - Available as a patch. - Streaming HDLC API has been taken out. - Available as a patch. - -2.0.6 Aug 17, 1999 Increased debugging in statup scripts - Fixed installation bugs from 2.0.5 - Kernel patch works for both 2.2.10 and 2.2.11 kernels. - There is no functional difference between the two packages - -2.0.7 Aug 26, 1999 o Merged X25API code into WANPIPE. - o Fixed a memory leak for X25API - o Updated the X25API code for 2.2.X kernels. - o Improved NEM handling. - -2.1.0 Oct 25, 1999 o New code for S514 PCI Card - o New CHDLC and Frame Relay drivers - o PPP and X25 are not supported in this release - -2.1.1 Nov 30, 1999 o PPP support for S514 PCI Cards - -2.1.3 Apr 06, 2000 o Socket based x25api - o Socket based chdlc api - o Socket based fr api - o Dual Port Receive only CHDLC support. - o Asynchronous CHDLC support (Secondary Port) - o cfgft1 GUI csu/dsu configurator - o wancfg GUI configuration file - configurator. - o Architectural directory changes. - -beta-2.1.4 Jul 2000 o Dynamic interface configuration: - Network interfaces reflect the state - of protocol layer. If the protocol becomes - disconnected, driver will bring down - the interface. Once the protocol reconnects - the interface will be brought up. - - Note: This option is turned off by default. - - o Dynamic wanrouter setup using 'wanconfig': - wanconfig utility can be used to - shutdown,restart,start or reconfigure - a virtual circuit dynamically. - - Frame Relay: Each DLCI can be: - created,stopped,restarted and reconfigured - dynamically using wanconfig. - - ex: wanconfig card wanpipe1 dev wp1_fr16 up - - o Wanrouter startup via command line arguments: - wanconfig also supports wanrouter startup via command line - arguments. Thus, there is no need to create a wanpipe#.conf - configuration file. - - o Socket based x25api update/bug fixes. - Added support for LCN numbers greater than 255. - Option to pass up modem messages. - Provided a PCI IRQ check, so a single S514 - card is guaranteed to have a non-sharing interrupt. - - o Fixes to the wancfg utility. - o New FT1 debugging support via *pipemon utilities. - o Frame Relay ARP support Enabled. - -beta3-2.1.4 Jul 2000 o X25 M_BIT Problem fix. - o Added the Multi-Port PPP - Updated utilities for the Multi-Port PPP. - -2.1.4 Aut 2000 - o In X25API: - Maximum packet an application can send - to the driver has been extended to 4096 bytes. - - Fixed the x25 startup bug. Enable - communications only after all interfaces - come up. HIGH SVC/PVC is used to calculate - the number of channels. - Enable protocol only after all interfaces - are enabled. - - o Added an extra state to the FT1 config, kernel module. - o Updated the pipemon debuggers. - - o Blocked the Multi-Port PPP from running on kernels - 2.2.16 or greater, due to syncppp kernel module - change. - -beta1-2.1.5 Nov 15 2000 - o Fixed the MultiPort PPP Support for kernels 2.2.16 and above. - 2.2.X kernels only - - o Secured the driver UDP debugging calls - - All illegal network debugging calls are reported to - the log. - - Defined a set of allowed commands, all other denied. - - o Cpipemon - - Added set FT1 commands to the cpipemon. Thus CSU/DSU - configuration can be performed using cpipemon. - All systems that cannot run cfgft1 GUI utility should - use cpipemon to configure the on board CSU/DSU. - - - o Keyboard Led Monitor/Debugger - - A new utility /usr/sbin/wpkbdmon uses keyboard leds - to convey operational statistic information of the - Sangoma WANPIPE cards. - NUM_LOCK = Line State (On=connected, Off=disconnected) - CAPS_LOCK = Tx data (On=transmitting, Off=no tx data) - SCROLL_LOCK = Rx data (On=receiving, Off=no rx data - - o Hardware probe on module load and dynamic device allocation - - During WANPIPE module load, all Sangoma cards are probed - and found information is printed in the /var/log/messages. - - If no cards are found, the module load fails. - - Appropriate number of devices are dynamically loaded - based on the number of Sangoma cards found. - - Note: The kernel configuration option - CONFIG_WANPIPE_CARDS has been taken out. - - o Fixed the Frame Relay and Chdlc network interfaces so they are - compatible with libpcap libraries. Meaning, tcpdump, snort, - ethereal, and all other packet sniffers and debuggers work on - all WANPIPE network interfaces. - - Set the network interface encoding type to ARPHRD_PPP. - This tell the sniffers that data obtained from the - network interface is in pure IP format. - Fix for 2.2.X kernels only. - - o True interface encoding option for Frame Relay and CHDLC - - The above fix sets the network interface encoding - type to ARPHRD_PPP, however some customers use - the encoding interface type to determine the - protocol running. Therefore, the TURE ENCODING - option will set the interface type back to the - original value. - - NOTE: If this option is used with Frame Relay and CHDLC - libpcap library support will be broken. - i.e. tcpdump will not work. - Fix for 2.2.x Kernels only. - - o Ethernet Bridgind over Frame Relay - - The Frame Relay bridging has been developed by - Kristian Hoffmann and Mark Wells. - - The Linux kernel bridge is used to send ethernet - data over the frame relay links. - For 2.2.X Kernels only. - - o Added extensive 2.0.X support. Most new features of - 2.1.5 for protocols Frame Relay, PPP and CHDLC are - supported under 2.0.X kernels. - -beta1-2.2.0 Dec 30 2000 - o Updated drivers for 2.4.X kernels. - o Updated drivers for SMP support. - o X25API is now able to share PCI interrupts. - o Took out a general polling routine that was used - only by X25API. - o Added appropriate locks to the dynamic reconfiguration - code. - o Fixed a bug in the keyboard debug monitor. - -beta2-2.2.0 Jan 8 2001 - o Patches for 2.4.0 kernel - o Patches for 2.2.18 kernel - o Minor updates to PPP and CHLDC drivers. - Note: No functional difference. - -beta3-2.2.9 Jan 10 2001 - o I missed the 2.2.18 kernel patches in beta2-2.2.0 - release. They are included in this release. - -Stable Release -2.2.0 Feb 01 2001 - o Bug fix in wancfg GUI configurator. - The edit function didn't work properly. - - -bata1-2.2.1 Feb 09 2001 - o WANPIPE TTY Driver emulation. - Two modes of operation Sync and Async. - Sync: Using the PPPD daemon, kernel SyncPPP layer - and the Wanpipe sync TTY driver: a PPP protocol - connection can be established via Sangoma adapter, over - a T1 leased line. - - The 2.4.0 kernel PPP layer supports MULTILINK - protocol, that can be used to bundle any number of Sangoma - adapters (T1 lines) into one, under a single IP address. - Thus, efficiently obtaining multiple T1 throughput. - - NOTE: The remote side must also implement MULTILINK PPP - protocol. - - Async:Using the PPPD daemon, kernel AsyncPPP layer - and the WANPIPE async TTY driver: a PPP protocol - connection can be established via Sangoma adapter and - a modem, over a telephone line. - - Thus, the WANPIPE async TTY driver simulates a serial - TTY driver that would normally be used to interface the - MODEM to the linux kernel. - - o WANPIPE PPP Backup Utility - This utility will monitor the state of the PPP T1 line. - In case of failure, a dial up connection will be established - via pppd daemon, ether via a serial tty driver (serial port), - or a WANPIPE async TTY driver (in case serial port is unavailable). - - Furthermore, while in dial up mode, the primary PPP T1 link - will be monitored for signs of life. - - If the PPP T1 link comes back to life, the dial up connection - will be shutdown and T1 line re-established. - - - o New Setup installation script. - Option to UPGRADE device drivers if the kernel source has - already been patched with WANPIPE. - - Option to COMPILE WANPIPE modules against the currently - running kernel, thus no need for manual kernel and module - re-compilation. - - o Updates and Bug Fixes to wancfg utility. - -bata2-2.2.1 Feb 20 2001 - - o Bug fixes to the CHDLC device drivers. - The driver had compilation problems under kernels - 2.2.14 or lower. - - o Bug fixes to the Setup installation script. - The device drivers compilation options didn't work - properly. - - o Update to the wpbackupd daemon. - Optimized the cross-over times, between the primary - link and the backup dialup. - -beta3-2.2.1 Mar 02 2001 - o Patches for 2.4.2 kernel. - - o Bug fixes to util/ make files. - o Bug fixes to the Setup installation script. - - o Took out the backupd support and made it into - as separate package. - -beta4-2.2.1 Mar 12 2001 - - o Fix to the Frame Relay Device driver. - IPSAC sends a packet of zero length - header to the frame relay driver. The - driver tries to push its own 2 byte header - into the packet, which causes the driver to - crash. - - o Fix the WANPIPE re-configuration code. - Bug was found by trying to run the cfgft1 while the - interface was already running. - - o Updates to cfgft1. - Writes a wanpipe#.cfgft1 configuration file - once the CSU/DSU is configured. This file can - holds the current CSU/DSU configuration. - - - ->>>>>> END OF README <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< - - |
