netfilter: add SYNPROXY core/target

Add a SYNPROXY for netfilter. The code is split into two parts, the synproxy
core with common functions and an address family specific target.

The SYNPROXY receives the connection request from the client, responds with
a SYN/ACK containing a SYN cookie and announcing a zero window and checks
whether the final ACK from the client contains a valid cookie.

It then establishes a connection to the original destination and, if
successful, sends a window update to the client with the window size
announced by the server.

Support for timestamps, SACK, window scaling and MSS options can be
statically configured as target parameters if the features of the server
are known. If timestamps are used, the timestamp value sent back to
the client in the SYN/ACK will be different from the real timestamp of
the server. In order to now break PAWS, the timestamps are translated in
the direction server->client.

Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Tested-by: Martin Topholm <mph@one.com>
Signed-off-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <brouer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>

3 files changed, 486 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/net/ipv4/netfilter/Kconfig b/net/ipv4/netfilter/Kconfig
index 4e90280..1657e39b 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/netfilter/Kconfig
+++ b/net/ipv4/netfilter/Kconfig
@@ -110,6 +110,19 @@ config IP_NF_TARGET_REJECT
 
 	  To compile it as a module, choose M here.  If unsure, say N.
 
+config IP_NF_TARGET_SYNPROXY
+	tristate "SYNPROXY target support"
+	depends on NF_CONNTRACK && NETFILTER_ADVANCED
+	select NETFILTER_SYNPROXY
+	select SYN_COOKIES
+	help
+	  The SYNPROXY target allows you to intercept TCP connections and
+	  establish them using syncookies before they are passed on to the
+	  server. This allows to avoid conntrack and server resource usage
+	  during SYN-flood attacks.
+
+	  To compile it as a module, choose M here. If unsure, say N.
+
 config IP_NF_TARGET_ULOG
 	tristate "ULOG target support (obsolete)"
 	default m if NETFILTER_ADVANCED=n
diff --git a/net/ipv4/netfilter/Makefile b/net/ipv4/netfilter/Makefile
index 007b128..3622b24 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/netfilter/Makefile
+++ b/net/ipv4/netfilter/Makefile
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ obj-$(CONFIG_IP_NF_TARGET_CLUSTERIP) += ipt_CLUSTERIP.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_IP_NF_TARGET_ECN) += ipt_ECN.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_IP_NF_TARGET_MASQUERADE) += ipt_MASQUERADE.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_IP_NF_TARGET_REJECT) += ipt_REJECT.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_IP_NF_TARGET_SYNPROXY) += ipt_SYNPROXY.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_IP_NF_TARGET_ULOG) += ipt_ULOG.o
 
 # generic ARP tables
diff --git a/net/ipv4/netfilter/ipt_SYNPROXY.c b/net/ipv4/netfilter/ipt_SYNPROXY.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..94371db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/net/ipv4/netfilter/ipt_SYNPROXY.c
@@ -0,0 +1,472 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2013 Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/skbuff.h>
+#include <net/tcp.h>
+
+#include <linux/netfilter_ipv4/ip_tables.h>
+#include <linux/netfilter/x_tables.h>
+#include <linux/netfilter/xt_SYNPROXY.h>
+#include <net/netfilter/nf_conntrack.h>
+#include <net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_seqadj.h>
+#include <net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_synproxy.h>
+
+static struct iphdr *
+synproxy_build_ip(struct sk_buff *skb, u32 saddr, u32 daddr)
+{
+	struct iphdr *iph;
+
+	skb_reset_network_header(skb);
+	iph = (struct iphdr *)skb_put(skb, sizeof(*iph));
+	iph->version	= 4;
+	iph->ihl	= sizeof(*iph) / 4;
+	iph->tos	= 0;
+	iph->id		= 0;
+	iph->frag_off	= htons(IP_DF);
+	iph->ttl	= sysctl_ip_default_ttl;
+	iph->protocol	= IPPROTO_TCP;
+	iph->check	= 0;
+	iph->saddr	= saddr;
+	iph->daddr	= daddr;
+
+	return iph;
+}
+
+static void
+synproxy_send_tcp(const struct sk_buff *skb, struct sk_buff *nskb,
+		  struct nf_conntrack *nfct, enum ip_conntrack_info ctinfo,
+		  struct iphdr *niph, struct tcphdr *nth,
+		  unsigned int tcp_hdr_size)
+{
+	nth->check = ~tcp_v4_check(tcp_hdr_size, niph->saddr, niph->daddr, 0);
+	nskb->ip_summed   = CHECKSUM_PARTIAL;
+	nskb->csum_start  = (unsigned char *)nth - nskb->head;
+	nskb->csum_offset = offsetof(struct tcphdr, check);
+
+	skb_dst_set_noref(nskb, skb_dst(skb));
+	nskb->protocol = htons(ETH_P_IP);
+	if (ip_route_me_harder(nskb, RTN_UNSPEC))
+		goto free_nskb;
+
+	if (nfct) {
+		nskb->nfct = nfct;
+		nskb->nfctinfo = ctinfo;
+		nf_conntrack_get(nfct);
+	}
+
+	ip_local_out(nskb);
+	return;
+
+free_nskb:
+	kfree_skb(nskb);
+}
+
+static void
+synproxy_send_client_synack(const struct sk_buff *skb, const struct tcphdr *th,
+			    const struct synproxy_options *opts)
+{
+	struct sk_buff *nskb;
+	struct iphdr *iph, *niph;
+	struct tcphdr *nth;
+	unsigned int tcp_hdr_size;
+	u16 mss = opts->mss;
+
+	iph = ip_hdr(skb);
+
+	tcp_hdr_size = sizeof(*nth) + synproxy_options_size(opts);
+	nskb = alloc_skb(sizeof(*niph) + tcp_hdr_size + MAX_TCP_HEADER,
+			 GFP_ATOMIC);
+	if (nskb == NULL)
+		return;
+	skb_reserve(nskb, MAX_TCP_HEADER);
+
+	niph = synproxy_build_ip(nskb, iph->daddr, iph->saddr);
+
+	skb_reset_transport_header(nskb);
+	nth = (struct tcphdr *)skb_put(nskb, tcp_hdr_size);
+	nth->source	= th->dest;
+	nth->dest	= th->source;
+	nth->seq	= htonl(__cookie_v4_init_sequence(iph, th, &mss));
+	nth->ack_seq	= htonl(ntohl(th->seq) + 1);
+	tcp_flag_word(nth) = TCP_FLAG_SYN | TCP_FLAG_ACK;
+	if (opts->options & XT_SYNPROXY_OPT_ECN)
+		tcp_flag_word(nth) |= TCP_FLAG_ECE;
+	nth->doff	= tcp_hdr_size / 4;
+	nth->window	= 0;
+	nth->check	= 0;
+	nth->urg_ptr	= 0;
+
+	synproxy_build_options(nth, opts);
+
+	synproxy_send_tcp(skb, nskb, skb->nfct, IP_CT_ESTABLISHED_REPLY,
+			  niph, nth, tcp_hdr_size);
+}
+
+static void
+synproxy_send_server_syn(const struct synproxy_net *snet,
+			 const struct sk_buff *skb, const struct tcphdr *th,
+			 const struct synproxy_options *opts, u32 recv_seq)
+{
+	struct sk_buff *nskb;
+	struct iphdr *iph, *niph;
+	struct tcphdr *nth;
+	unsigned int tcp_hdr_size;
+
+	iph = ip_hdr(skb);
+
+	tcp_hdr_size = sizeof(*nth) + synproxy_options_size(opts);
+	nskb = alloc_skb(sizeof(*niph) + tcp_hdr_size + MAX_TCP_HEADER,
+			 GFP_ATOMIC);
+	if (nskb == NULL)
+		return;
+	skb_reserve(nskb, MAX_TCP_HEADER);
+
+	niph = synproxy_build_ip(nskb, iph->saddr, iph->daddr);
+
+	skb_reset_transport_header(nskb);
+	nth = (struct tcphdr *)skb_put(nskb, tcp_hdr_size);
+	nth->source	= th->source;
+	nth->dest	= th->dest;
+	nth->seq	= htonl(recv_seq - 1);
+	/* ack_seq is used to relay our ISN to the synproxy hook to initialize
+	 * sequence number translation once a connection tracking entry exists.
+	 */
+	nth->ack_seq	= htonl(ntohl(th->ack_seq) - 1);
+	tcp_flag_word(nth) = TCP_FLAG_SYN;
+	if (opts->options & XT_SYNPROXY_OPT_ECN)
+		tcp_flag_word(nth) |= TCP_FLAG_ECE | TCP_FLAG_CWR;
+	nth->doff	= tcp_hdr_size / 4;
+	nth->window	= th->window;
+	nth->check	= 0;
+	nth->urg_ptr	= 0;
+
+	synproxy_build_options(nth, opts);
+
+	synproxy_send_tcp(skb, nskb, &snet->tmpl->ct_general, IP_CT_NEW,
+			  niph, nth, tcp_hdr_size);
+}
+
+static void
+synproxy_send_server_ack(const struct synproxy_net *snet,
+			 const struct ip_ct_tcp *state,
+			 const struct sk_buff *skb, const struct tcphdr *th,
+			 const struct synproxy_options *opts)
+{
+	struct sk_buff *nskb;
+	struct iphdr *iph, *niph;
+	struct tcphdr *nth;
+	unsigned int tcp_hdr_size;
+
+	iph = ip_hdr(skb);
+
+	tcp_hdr_size = sizeof(*nth) + synproxy_options_size(opts);
+	nskb = alloc_skb(sizeof(*niph) + tcp_hdr_size + MAX_TCP_HEADER,
+			 GFP_ATOMIC);
+	if (nskb == NULL)
+		return;
+	skb_reserve(nskb, MAX_TCP_HEADER);
+
+	niph = synproxy_build_ip(nskb, iph->daddr, iph->saddr);
+
+	skb_reset_transport_header(nskb);
+	nth = (struct tcphdr *)skb_put(nskb, tcp_hdr_size);
+	nth->source	= th->dest;
+	nth->dest	= th->source;
+	nth->seq	= htonl(ntohl(th->ack_seq));
+	nth->ack_seq	= htonl(ntohl(th->seq) + 1);
+	tcp_flag_word(nth) = TCP_FLAG_ACK;
+	nth->doff	= tcp_hdr_size / 4;
+	nth->window	= htons(state->seen[IP_CT_DIR_ORIGINAL].td_maxwin);
+	nth->check	= 0;
+	nth->urg_ptr	= 0;
+
+	synproxy_build_options(nth, opts);
+
+	synproxy_send_tcp(skb, nskb, NULL, 0, niph, nth, tcp_hdr_size);
+}
+
+static void
+synproxy_send_client_ack(const struct synproxy_net *snet,
+			 const struct sk_buff *skb, const struct tcphdr *th,
+			 const struct synproxy_options *opts)
+{
+	struct sk_buff *nskb;
+	struct iphdr *iph, *niph;
+	struct tcphdr *nth;
+	unsigned int tcp_hdr_size;
+
+	iph = ip_hdr(skb);
+
+	tcp_hdr_size = sizeof(*nth) + synproxy_options_size(opts);
+	nskb = alloc_skb(sizeof(*niph) + tcp_hdr_size + MAX_TCP_HEADER,
+			 GFP_ATOMIC);
+	if (nskb == NULL)
+		return;
+	skb_reserve(nskb, MAX_TCP_HEADER);
+
+	niph = synproxy_build_ip(nskb, iph->saddr, iph->daddr);
+
+	skb_reset_transport_header(nskb);
+	nth = (struct tcphdr *)skb_put(nskb, tcp_hdr_size);
+	nth->source	= th->source;
+	nth->dest	= th->dest;
+	nth->seq	= htonl(ntohl(th->seq) + 1);
+	nth->ack_seq	= th->ack_seq;
+	tcp_flag_word(nth) = TCP_FLAG_ACK;
+	nth->doff	= tcp_hdr_size / 4;
+	nth->window	= ntohs(htons(th->window) >> opts->wscale);
+	nth->check	= 0;
+	nth->urg_ptr	= 0;
+
+	synproxy_build_options(nth, opts);
+
+	synproxy_send_tcp(skb, nskb, NULL, 0, niph, nth, tcp_hdr_size);
+}
+
+static bool
+synproxy_recv_client_ack(const struct synproxy_net *snet,
+			 const struct sk_buff *skb, const struct tcphdr *th,
+			 struct synproxy_options *opts, u32 recv_seq)
+{
+	int mss;
+
+	mss = __cookie_v4_check(ip_hdr(skb), th, ntohl(th->ack_seq) - 1);
+	if (mss == 0) {
+		this_cpu_inc(snet->stats->cookie_invalid);
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	this_cpu_inc(snet->stats->cookie_valid);
+	opts->mss = mss;
+
+	if (opts->options & XT_SYNPROXY_OPT_TIMESTAMP)
+		synproxy_check_timestamp_cookie(opts);
+
+	synproxy_send_server_syn(snet, skb, th, opts, recv_seq);
+	return true;
+}
+
+static unsigned int
+synproxy_tg4(struct sk_buff *skb, const struct xt_action_param *par)
+{
+	const struct xt_synproxy_info *info = par->targinfo;
+	struct synproxy_net *snet = synproxy_pernet(dev_net(par->in));
+	struct synproxy_options opts = {};
+	struct tcphdr *th, _th;
+
+	if (nf_ip_checksum(skb, par->hooknum, par->thoff, IPPROTO_TCP))
+		return NF_DROP;
+
+	th = skb_header_pointer(skb, par->thoff, sizeof(_th), &_th);
+	if (th == NULL)
+		return NF_DROP;
+
+	synproxy_parse_options(skb, par->thoff, th, &opts);
+
+	if (th->syn && !th->ack) {
+		/* Initial SYN from client */
+		this_cpu_inc(snet->stats->syn_received);
+
+		if (th->ece && th->cwr)
+			opts.options |= XT_SYNPROXY_OPT_ECN;
+
+		opts.options &= info->options;
+		if (opts.options & XT_SYNPROXY_OPT_TIMESTAMP)
+			synproxy_init_timestamp_cookie(info, &opts);
+		else
+			opts.options &= ~(XT_SYNPROXY_OPT_WSCALE |
+					  XT_SYNPROXY_OPT_SACK_PERM |
+					  XT_SYNPROXY_OPT_ECN);
+
+		synproxy_send_client_synack(skb, th, &opts);
+	} else if (th->ack && !(th->fin || th->rst))
+		/* ACK from client */
+		synproxy_recv_client_ack(snet, skb, th, &opts, ntohl(th->seq));
+
+	return NF_DROP;
+}
+
+static unsigned int ipv4_synproxy_hook(unsigned int hooknum,
+				       struct sk_buff *skb,
+				       const struct net_device *in,
+				       const struct net_device *out,
+				       int (*okfn)(struct sk_buff *))
+{
+	struct synproxy_net *snet = synproxy_pernet(dev_net(in ? : out));
+	enum ip_conntrack_info ctinfo;
+	struct nf_conn *ct;
+	struct nf_conn_synproxy *synproxy;
+	struct synproxy_options opts = {};
+	const struct ip_ct_tcp *state;
+	struct tcphdr *th, _th;
+	unsigned int thoff;
+
+	ct = nf_ct_get(skb, &ctinfo);
+	if (ct == NULL)
+		return NF_ACCEPT;
+
+	synproxy = nfct_synproxy(ct);
+	if (synproxy == NULL)
+		return NF_ACCEPT;
+
+	if (nf_is_loopback_packet(skb))
+		return NF_ACCEPT;
+
+	thoff = ip_hdrlen(skb);
+	th = skb_header_pointer(skb, thoff, sizeof(_th), &_th);
+	if (th == NULL)
+		return NF_DROP;
+
+	state = &ct->proto.tcp;
+	switch (state->state) {
+	case TCP_CONNTRACK_CLOSE:
+		if (th->rst && !test_bit(IPS_SEEN_REPLY_BIT, &ct->status)) {
+			nf_ct_seqadj_init(ct, ctinfo, synproxy->isn -
+						      ntohl(th->seq) + 1);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (!th->syn || th->ack ||
+		    CTINFO2DIR(ctinfo) != IP_CT_DIR_ORIGINAL)
+			break;
+
+		/* Reopened connection - reset the sequence number and timestamp
+		 * adjustments, they will get initialized once the connection is
+		 * reestablished.
+		 */
+		nf_ct_seqadj_init(ct, ctinfo, 0);
+		synproxy->tsoff = 0;
+		this_cpu_inc(snet->stats->conn_reopened);
+
+		/* fall through */
+	case TCP_CONNTRACK_SYN_SENT:
+		synproxy_parse_options(skb, thoff, th, &opts);
+
+		if (!th->syn && th->ack &&
+		    CTINFO2DIR(ctinfo) == IP_CT_DIR_ORIGINAL) {
+			/* Keep-Alives are sent with SEG.SEQ = SND.NXT-1,
+			 * therefore we need to add 1 to make the SYN sequence
+			 * number match the one of first SYN.
+			 */
+			if (synproxy_recv_client_ack(snet, skb, th, &opts,
+						     ntohl(th->seq) + 1))
+				this_cpu_inc(snet->stats->cookie_retrans);
+
+			return NF_DROP;
+		}
+
+		synproxy->isn = ntohl(th->ack_seq);
+		if (opts.options & XT_SYNPROXY_OPT_TIMESTAMP)
+			synproxy->its = opts.tsecr;
+		break;
+	case TCP_CONNTRACK_SYN_RECV:
+		if (!th->syn || !th->ack)
+			break;
+
+		synproxy_parse_options(skb, thoff, th, &opts);
+		if (opts.options & XT_SYNPROXY_OPT_TIMESTAMP)
+			synproxy->tsoff = opts.tsval - synproxy->its;
+
+		opts.options &= ~(XT_SYNPROXY_OPT_MSS |
+				  XT_SYNPROXY_OPT_WSCALE |
+				  XT_SYNPROXY_OPT_SACK_PERM);
+
+		swap(opts.tsval, opts.tsecr);
+		synproxy_send_server_ack(snet, state, skb, th, &opts);
+
+		nf_ct_seqadj_init(ct, ctinfo, synproxy->isn - ntohl(th->seq));
+
+		swap(opts.tsval, opts.tsecr);
+		synproxy_send_client_ack(snet, skb, th, &opts);
+
+		consume_skb(skb);
+		return NF_STOLEN;
+	default:
+		break;
+	}
+
+	synproxy_tstamp_adjust(skb, thoff, th, ct, ctinfo, synproxy);
+	return NF_ACCEPT;
+}
+
+static int synproxy_tg4_check(const struct xt_tgchk_param *par)
+{
+	const struct ipt_entry *e = par->entryinfo;
+
+	if (e->ip.proto != IPPROTO_TCP ||
+	    e->ip.invflags & XT_INV_PROTO)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	return nf_ct_l3proto_try_module_get(par->family);
+}
+
+static void synproxy_tg4_destroy(const struct xt_tgdtor_param *par)
+{
+	nf_ct_l3proto_module_put(par->family);
+}
+
+static struct xt_target synproxy_tg4_reg __read_mostly = {
+	.name		= "SYNPROXY",
+	.family		= NFPROTO_IPV4,
+	.target		= synproxy_tg4,
+	.targetsize	= sizeof(struct xt_synproxy_info),
+	.checkentry	= synproxy_tg4_check,
+	.destroy	= synproxy_tg4_destroy,
+	.me		= THIS_MODULE,
+};
+
+static struct nf_hook_ops ipv4_synproxy_ops[] __read_mostly = {
+	{
+		.hook		= ipv4_synproxy_hook,
+		.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
+		.pf		= NFPROTO_IPV4,
+		.hooknum	= NF_INET_LOCAL_IN,
+		.priority	= NF_IP_PRI_CONNTRACK_CONFIRM - 1,
+	},
+	{
+		.hook		= ipv4_synproxy_hook,
+		.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
+		.pf		= NFPROTO_IPV4,
+		.hooknum	= NF_INET_POST_ROUTING,
+		.priority	= NF_IP_PRI_CONNTRACK_CONFIRM - 1,
+	},
+};
+
+static int __init synproxy_tg4_init(void)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = nf_register_hooks(ipv4_synproxy_ops,
+				ARRAY_SIZE(ipv4_synproxy_ops));
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto err1;
+
+	err = xt_register_target(&synproxy_tg4_reg);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto err2;
+
+	return 0;
+
+err2:
+	nf_unregister_hooks(ipv4_synproxy_ops, ARRAY_SIZE(ipv4_synproxy_ops));
+err1:
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void __exit synproxy_tg4_exit(void)
+{
+	xt_unregister_target(&synproxy_tg4_reg);
+	nf_unregister_hooks(ipv4_synproxy_ops, ARRAY_SIZE(ipv4_synproxy_ops));
+}
+
+module_init(synproxy_tg4_init);
+module_exit(synproxy_tg4_exit);
+
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>");