PM: Introduce devfreq: generic DVFS framework with device-specific OPPs

With OPPs, a device may have multiple operable frequency and voltage
sets. However, there can be multiple possible operable sets and a system
will need to choose one from them. In order to reduce the power
consumption (by reducing frequency and voltage) without affecting the
performance too much, a Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS)
scheme may be used.

This patch introduces the DVFS capability to non-CPU devices with OPPs.
DVFS is a techique whereby the frequency and supplied voltage of a
device is adjusted on-the-fly. DVFS usually sets the frequency as low
as possible with given conditions (such as QoS assurance) and adjusts
voltage according to the chosen frequency in order to reduce power
consumption and heat dissipation.

The generic DVFS for devices, devfreq, may appear quite similar with
/drivers/cpufreq.  However, cpufreq does not allow to have multiple
devices registered and is not suitable to have multiple heterogenous
devices with different (but simple) governors.

Normally, DVFS mechanism controls frequency based on the demand for
the device, and then, chooses voltage based on the chosen frequency.
devfreq also controls the frequency based on the governor's frequency
recommendation and let OPP pick up the pair of frequency and voltage
based on the recommended frequency. Then, the chosen OPP is passed to
device driver's "target" callback.

When PM QoS is going to be used with the devfreq device, the device
driver should enable OPPs that are appropriate with the current PM QoS
requests. In order to do so, the device driver may call opp_enable and
opp_disable at the notifier callback of PM QoS so that PM QoS's
update_target() call enables the appropriate OPPs. Note that at least
one of OPPs should be enabled at any time; be careful when there is a
transition.

Signed-off-by: MyungJoo Ham <myungjoo.ham@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Kyungmin Park <kyungmin.park@samsung.com>
Reviewed-by: Mike Turquette <mturquette@ti.com>
Acked-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>

1 files changed, 203 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/include/linux/devfreq.h b/include/linux/devfreq.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b3be3d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/linux/devfreq.h
@@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
+/*
+ * devfreq: Generic Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS) Framework
+ *	    for Non-CPU Devices.
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2011 Samsung Electronics
+ *	MyungJoo Ham <myungjoo.ham@samsung.com>
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ */
+
+#ifndef __LINUX_DEVFREQ_H__
+#define __LINUX_DEVFREQ_H__
+
+#include <linux/device.h>
+#include <linux/notifier.h>
+#include <linux/opp.h>
+
+#define DEVFREQ_NAME_LEN 16
+
+struct devfreq;
+
+/**
+ * struct devfreq_dev_status - Data given from devfreq user device to
+ *			     governors. Represents the performance
+ *			     statistics.
+ * @total_time		The total time represented by this instance of
+ *			devfreq_dev_status
+ * @busy_time		The time that the device was working among the
+ *			total_time.
+ * @current_frequency	The operating frequency.
+ * @private_data	An entry not specified by the devfreq framework.
+ *			A device and a specific governor may have their
+ *			own protocol with private_data. However, because
+ *			this is governor-specific, a governor using this
+ *			will be only compatible with devices aware of it.
+ */
+struct devfreq_dev_status {
+	/* both since the last measure */
+	unsigned long total_time;
+	unsigned long busy_time;
+	unsigned long current_frequency;
+	void *private_date;
+};
+
+/**
+ * struct devfreq_dev_profile - Devfreq's user device profile
+ * @initial_freq	The operating frequency when devfreq_add_device() is
+ *			called.
+ * @polling_ms		The polling interval in ms. 0 disables polling.
+ * @target		The device should set its operating frequency at
+ *			freq or lowest-upper-than-freq value. If freq is
+ *			higher than any operable frequency, set maximum.
+ *			Before returning, target function should set
+ *			freq at the current frequency.
+ * @get_dev_status	The device should provide the current performance
+ *			status to devfreq, which is used by governors.
+ * @exit		An optional callback that is called when devfreq
+ *			is removing the devfreq object due to error or
+ *			from devfreq_remove_device() call. If the user
+ *			has registered devfreq->nb at a notifier-head,
+ *			this is the time to unregister it.
+ */
+struct devfreq_dev_profile {
+	unsigned long initial_freq;
+	unsigned int polling_ms;
+
+	int (*target)(struct device *dev, unsigned long *freq);
+	int (*get_dev_status)(struct device *dev,
+			      struct devfreq_dev_status *stat);
+	void (*exit)(struct device *dev);
+};
+
+/**
+ * struct devfreq_governor - Devfreq policy governor
+ * @name		Governor's name
+ * @get_target_freq	Returns desired operating frequency for the device.
+ *			Basically, get_target_freq will run
+ *			devfreq_dev_profile.get_dev_status() to get the
+ *			status of the device (load = busy_time / total_time).
+ *			If no_central_polling is set, this callback is called
+ *			only with update_devfreq() notified by OPP.
+ * @init		Called when the devfreq is being attached to a device
+ * @exit		Called when the devfreq is being removed from a
+ *			device. Governor should stop any internal routines
+ *			before return because related data may be
+ *			freed after exit().
+ * @no_central_polling	Do not use devfreq's central polling mechanism.
+ *			When this is set, devfreq will not call
+ *			get_target_freq with devfreq_monitor(). However,
+ *			devfreq will call get_target_freq with
+ *			devfreq_update() notified by OPP framework.
+ *
+ * Note that the callbacks are called with devfreq->lock locked by devfreq.
+ */
+struct devfreq_governor {
+	const char name[DEVFREQ_NAME_LEN];
+	int (*get_target_freq)(struct devfreq *this, unsigned long *freq);
+	int (*init)(struct devfreq *this);
+	void (*exit)(struct devfreq *this);
+	const bool no_central_polling;
+};
+
+/**
+ * struct devfreq - Device devfreq structure
+ * @node	list node - contains the devices with devfreq that have been
+ *		registered.
+ * @lock	a mutex to protect accessing devfreq.
+ * @dev		device registered by devfreq class. dev.parent is the device
+ *		using devfreq.
+ * @profile	device-specific devfreq profile
+ * @governor	method how to choose frequency based on the usage.
+ * @nb		notifier block used to notify devfreq object that it should
+ *		reevaluate operable frequencies. Devfreq users may use
+ *		devfreq.nb to the corresponding register notifier call chain.
+ * @polling_jiffies	interval in jiffies.
+ * @previous_freq	previously configured frequency value.
+ * @next_polling	the number of remaining jiffies to poll with
+ *			"devfreq_monitor" executions to reevaluate
+ *			frequency/voltage of the device. Set by
+ *			profile's polling_ms interval.
+ * @data	Private data of the governor. The devfreq framework does not
+ *		touch this.
+ * @being_removed	a flag to mark that this object is being removed in
+ *			order to prevent trying to remove the object multiple times.
+ *
+ * This structure stores the devfreq information for a give device.
+ *
+ * Note that when a governor accesses entries in struct devfreq in its
+ * functions except for the context of callbacks defined in struct
+ * devfreq_governor, the governor should protect its access with the
+ * struct mutex lock in struct devfreq. A governor may use this mutex
+ * to protect its own private data in void *data as well.
+ */
+struct devfreq {
+	struct list_head node;
+
+	struct mutex lock;
+	struct device dev;
+	struct devfreq_dev_profile *profile;
+	const struct devfreq_governor *governor;
+	struct notifier_block nb;
+
+	unsigned long polling_jiffies;
+	unsigned long previous_freq;
+	unsigned int next_polling;
+
+	void *data; /* private data for governors */
+
+	bool being_removed;
+};
+
+#if defined(CONFIG_PM_DEVFREQ)
+extern struct devfreq *devfreq_add_device(struct device *dev,
+				  struct devfreq_dev_profile *profile,
+				  const struct devfreq_governor *governor,
+				  void *data);
+extern int devfreq_remove_device(struct devfreq *devfreq);
+
+/* Helper functions for devfreq user device driver with OPP. */
+extern struct opp *devfreq_recommended_opp(struct device *dev,
+					   unsigned long *freq);
+extern int devfreq_register_opp_notifier(struct device *dev,
+					 struct devfreq *devfreq);
+extern int devfreq_unregister_opp_notifier(struct device *dev,
+					   struct devfreq *devfreq);
+
+#else /* !CONFIG_PM_DEVFREQ */
+static struct devfreq *devfreq_add_device(struct device *dev,
+					  struct devfreq_dev_profile *profile,
+					  struct devfreq_governor *governor,
+					  void *data);
+{
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static int devfreq_remove_device(struct devfreq *devfreq);
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct opp *devfreq_recommended_opp(struct device *dev,
+					   unsigned long *freq)
+{
+	return -EINVAL;
+}
+
+static int devfreq_register_opp_notifier(struct device *dev,
+					 struct devfreq *devfreq)
+{
+	return -EINVAL;
+}
+
+static int devfreq_unregister_opp_notifier(struct device *dev,
+					   struct devfreq *devfreq)
+{
+	return -EINVAL;
+}
+
+#endif /* CONFIG_PM_DEVFREQ */
+
+#endif /* __LINUX_DEVFREQ_H__ */