Merge branch 'akpm' (Andrew's patch-bomb)

Merge third batch of patches from Andrew Morton:
 - Some MM stragglers
 - core SMP library cleanups (on_each_cpu_mask)
 - Some IPI optimisations
 - kexec
 - kdump
 - IPMI
 - the radix-tree iterator work
 - various other misc bits.

 "That'll do for -rc1.  I still have ~10 patches for 3.4, will send
  those along when they've baked a little more."

* emailed from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (35 commits)
  backlight: fix typo in tosa_lcd.c
  crc32: add help text for the algorithm select option
  mm: move hugepage test examples to tools/testing/selftests/vm
  mm: move slabinfo.c to tools/vm
  mm: move page-types.c from Documentation to tools/vm
  selftests/Makefile: make `run_tests' depend on `all'
  selftests: launch individual selftests from the main Makefile
  radix-tree: use iterators in find_get_pages* functions
  radix-tree: rewrite gang lookup using iterator
  radix-tree: introduce bit-optimized iterator
  fs/proc/namespaces.c: prevent crash when ns_entries[] is empty
  nbd: rename the nbd_device variable from lo to nbd
  pidns: add reboot_pid_ns() to handle the reboot syscall
  sysctl: use bitmap library functions
  ipmi: use locks on watchdog timeout set on reboot
  ipmi: simplify locking
  ipmi: fix message handling during panics
  ipmi: use a tasklet for handling received messages
  ipmi: increase KCS timeouts
  ipmi: decrease the IPMI message transaction time in interrupt mode
  ...

6 files changed, 1 insertions, 1377 deletions

diff --git a/Documentation/Makefile b/Documentation/Makefile
index 9b4bc5c..30b656e 100644
--- a/Documentation/Makefile
+++ b/Documentation/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 obj-m := DocBook/ accounting/ auxdisplay/ connector/ \
 	filesystems/ filesystems/configfs/ ia64/ laptops/ networking/ \
-	pcmcia/ spi/ timers/ vm/ watchdog/src/
+	pcmcia/ spi/ timers/ watchdog/src/
diff --git a/Documentation/vm/Makefile b/Documentation/vm/Makefile
deleted file mode 100644
index 3fa4d06..0000000
--- a/Documentation/vm/Makefile
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-# kbuild trick to avoid linker error. Can be omitted if a module is built.
-obj- := dummy.o
-
-# List of programs to build
-hostprogs-y := page-types hugepage-mmap hugepage-shm map_hugetlb
-
-# Tell kbuild to always build the programs
-always := $(hostprogs-y)
diff --git a/Documentation/vm/hugepage-mmap.c b/Documentation/vm/hugepage-mmap.c
deleted file mode 100644
index db0dd9a..0000000
--- a/Documentation/vm/hugepage-mmap.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,91 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * hugepage-mmap:
- *
- * Example of using huge page memory in a user application using the mmap
- * system call.  Before running this application, make sure that the
- * administrator has mounted the hugetlbfs filesystem (on some directory
- * like /mnt) using the command mount -t hugetlbfs nodev /mnt. In this
- * example, the app is requesting memory of size 256MB that is backed by
- * huge pages.
- *
- * For the ia64 architecture, the Linux kernel reserves Region number 4 for
- * huge pages.  That means that if one requires a fixed address, a huge page
- * aligned address starting with 0x800000... will be required.  If a fixed
- * address is not required, the kernel will select an address in the proper
- * range.
- * Other architectures, such as ppc64, i386 or x86_64 are not so constrained.
- */
-
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-#include <sys/mman.h>
-#include <fcntl.h>
-
-#define FILE_NAME "/mnt/hugepagefile"
-#define LENGTH (256UL*1024*1024)
-#define PROTECTION (PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE)
-
-/* Only ia64 requires this */
-#ifdef __ia64__
-#define ADDR (void *)(0x8000000000000000UL)
-#define FLAGS (MAP_SHARED | MAP_FIXED)
-#else
-#define ADDR (void *)(0x0UL)
-#define FLAGS (MAP_SHARED)
-#endif
-
-static void check_bytes(char *addr)
-{
-	printf("First hex is %x\n", *((unsigned int *)addr));
-}
-
-static void write_bytes(char *addr)
-{
-	unsigned long i;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < LENGTH; i++)
-		*(addr + i) = (char)i;
-}
-
-static void read_bytes(char *addr)
-{
-	unsigned long i;
-
-	check_bytes(addr);
-	for (i = 0; i < LENGTH; i++)
-		if (*(addr + i) != (char)i) {
-			printf("Mismatch at %lu\n", i);
-			break;
-		}
-}
-
-int main(void)
-{
-	void *addr;
-	int fd;
-
-	fd = open(FILE_NAME, O_CREAT | O_RDWR, 0755);
-	if (fd < 0) {
-		perror("Open failed");
-		exit(1);
-	}
-
-	addr = mmap(ADDR, LENGTH, PROTECTION, FLAGS, fd, 0);
-	if (addr == MAP_FAILED) {
-		perror("mmap");
-		unlink(FILE_NAME);
-		exit(1);
-	}
-
-	printf("Returned address is %p\n", addr);
-	check_bytes(addr);
-	write_bytes(addr);
-	read_bytes(addr);
-
-	munmap(addr, LENGTH);
-	close(fd);
-	unlink(FILE_NAME);
-
-	return 0;
-}
diff --git a/Documentation/vm/hugepage-shm.c b/Documentation/vm/hugepage-shm.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 07956d8..0000000
--- a/Documentation/vm/hugepage-shm.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,98 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * hugepage-shm:
- *
- * Example of using huge page memory in a user application using Sys V shared
- * memory system calls.  In this example the app is requesting 256MB of
- * memory that is backed by huge pages.  The application uses the flag
- * SHM_HUGETLB in the shmget system call to inform the kernel that it is
- * requesting huge pages.
- *
- * For the ia64 architecture, the Linux kernel reserves Region number 4 for
- * huge pages.  That means that if one requires a fixed address, a huge page
- * aligned address starting with 0x800000... will be required.  If a fixed
- * address is not required, the kernel will select an address in the proper
- * range.
- * Other architectures, such as ppc64, i386 or x86_64 are not so constrained.
- *
- * Note: The default shared memory limit is quite low on many kernels,
- * you may need to increase it via:
- *
- * echo 268435456 > /proc/sys/kernel/shmmax
- *
- * This will increase the maximum size per shared memory segment to 256MB.
- * The other limit that you will hit eventually is shmall which is the
- * total amount of shared memory in pages. To set it to 16GB on a system
- * with a 4kB pagesize do:
- *
- * echo 4194304 > /proc/sys/kernel/shmall
- */
-
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <sys/types.h>
-#include <sys/ipc.h>
-#include <sys/shm.h>
-#include <sys/mman.h>
-
-#ifndef SHM_HUGETLB
-#define SHM_HUGETLB 04000
-#endif
-
-#define LENGTH (256UL*1024*1024)
-
-#define dprintf(x)  printf(x)
-
-/* Only ia64 requires this */
-#ifdef __ia64__
-#define ADDR (void *)(0x8000000000000000UL)
-#define SHMAT_FLAGS (SHM_RND)
-#else
-#define ADDR (void *)(0x0UL)
-#define SHMAT_FLAGS (0)
-#endif
-
-int main(void)
-{
-	int shmid;
-	unsigned long i;
-	char *shmaddr;
-
-	if ((shmid = shmget(2, LENGTH,
-			    SHM_HUGETLB | IPC_CREAT | SHM_R | SHM_W)) < 0) {
-		perror("shmget");
-		exit(1);
-	}
-	printf("shmid: 0x%x\n", shmid);
-
-	shmaddr = shmat(shmid, ADDR, SHMAT_FLAGS);
-	if (shmaddr == (char *)-1) {
-		perror("Shared memory attach failure");
-		shmctl(shmid, IPC_RMID, NULL);
-		exit(2);
-	}
-	printf("shmaddr: %p\n", shmaddr);
-
-	dprintf("Starting the writes:\n");
-	for (i = 0; i < LENGTH; i++) {
-		shmaddr[i] = (char)(i);
-		if (!(i % (1024 * 1024)))
-			dprintf(".");
-	}
-	dprintf("\n");
-
-	dprintf("Starting the Check...");
-	for (i = 0; i < LENGTH; i++)
-		if (shmaddr[i] != (char)i)
-			printf("\nIndex %lu mismatched\n", i);
-	dprintf("Done.\n");
-
-	if (shmdt((const void *)shmaddr) != 0) {
-		perror("Detach failure");
-		shmctl(shmid, IPC_RMID, NULL);
-		exit(3);
-	}
-
-	shmctl(shmid, IPC_RMID, NULL);
-
-	return 0;
-}
diff --git a/Documentation/vm/map_hugetlb.c b/Documentation/vm/map_hugetlb.c
deleted file mode 100644
index eda1a6d..0000000
--- a/Documentation/vm/map_hugetlb.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,77 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Example of using hugepage memory in a user application using the mmap
- * system call with MAP_HUGETLB flag.  Before running this program make
- * sure the administrator has allocated enough default sized huge pages
- * to cover the 256 MB allocation.
- *
- * For ia64 architecture, Linux kernel reserves Region number 4 for hugepages.
- * That means the addresses starting with 0x800000... will need to be
- * specified.  Specifying a fixed address is not required on ppc64, i386
- * or x86_64.
- */
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-#include <sys/mman.h>
-#include <fcntl.h>
-
-#define LENGTH (256UL*1024*1024)
-#define PROTECTION (PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE)
-
-#ifndef MAP_HUGETLB
-#define MAP_HUGETLB 0x40000 /* arch specific */
-#endif
-
-/* Only ia64 requires this */
-#ifdef __ia64__
-#define ADDR (void *)(0x8000000000000000UL)
-#define FLAGS (MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_HUGETLB | MAP_FIXED)
-#else
-#define ADDR (void *)(0x0UL)
-#define FLAGS (MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_HUGETLB)
-#endif
-
-static void check_bytes(char *addr)
-{
-	printf("First hex is %x\n", *((unsigned int *)addr));
-}
-
-static void write_bytes(char *addr)
-{
-	unsigned long i;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < LENGTH; i++)
-		*(addr + i) = (char)i;
-}
-
-static void read_bytes(char *addr)
-{
-	unsigned long i;
-
-	check_bytes(addr);
-	for (i = 0; i < LENGTH; i++)
-		if (*(addr + i) != (char)i) {
-			printf("Mismatch at %lu\n", i);
-			break;
-		}
-}
-
-int main(void)
-{
-	void *addr;
-
-	addr = mmap(ADDR, LENGTH, PROTECTION, FLAGS, 0, 0);
-	if (addr == MAP_FAILED) {
-		perror("mmap");
-		exit(1);
-	}
-
-	printf("Returned address is %p\n", addr);
-	check_bytes(addr);
-	write_bytes(addr);
-	read_bytes(addr);
-
-	munmap(addr, LENGTH);
-
-	return 0;
-}
diff --git a/Documentation/vm/page-types.c b/Documentation/vm/page-types.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 0b13f02..0000000
--- a/Documentation/vm/page-types.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1102 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * page-types: Tool for querying page flags
- *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
- * Software Foundation; version 2.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
- * more details.
- *
- * You should find a copy of v2 of the GNU General Public License somewhere on
- * your Linux system; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59
- * Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA.
- *
- * Copyright (C) 2009 Intel corporation
- *
- * Authors: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
- */
-
-#define _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-#include <stdint.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include <getopt.h>
-#include <limits.h>
-#include <assert.h>
-#include <sys/types.h>
-#include <sys/errno.h>
-#include <sys/fcntl.h>
-#include <sys/mount.h>
-#include <sys/statfs.h>
-#include "../../include/linux/magic.h"
-
-
-#ifndef MAX_PATH
-# define MAX_PATH 256
-#endif
-
-#ifndef STR
-# define _STR(x) #x
-# define STR(x) _STR(x)
-#endif
-
-/*
- * pagemap kernel ABI bits
- */
-
-#define PM_ENTRY_BYTES      sizeof(uint64_t)
-#define PM_STATUS_BITS      3
-#define PM_STATUS_OFFSET    (64 - PM_STATUS_BITS)
-#define PM_STATUS_MASK      (((1LL << PM_STATUS_BITS) - 1) << PM_STATUS_OFFSET)
-#define PM_STATUS(nr)       (((nr) << PM_STATUS_OFFSET) & PM_STATUS_MASK)
-#define PM_PSHIFT_BITS      6
-#define PM_PSHIFT_OFFSET    (PM_STATUS_OFFSET - PM_PSHIFT_BITS)
-#define PM_PSHIFT_MASK      (((1LL << PM_PSHIFT_BITS) - 1) << PM_PSHIFT_OFFSET)
-#define PM_PSHIFT(x)        (((u64) (x) << PM_PSHIFT_OFFSET) & PM_PSHIFT_MASK)
-#define PM_PFRAME_MASK      ((1LL << PM_PSHIFT_OFFSET) - 1)
-#define PM_PFRAME(x)        ((x) & PM_PFRAME_MASK)
-
-#define PM_PRESENT          PM_STATUS(4LL)
-#define PM_SWAP             PM_STATUS(2LL)
-
-
-/*
- * kernel page flags
- */
-
-#define KPF_BYTES		8
-#define PROC_KPAGEFLAGS		"/proc/kpageflags"
-
-/* copied from kpageflags_read() */
-#define KPF_LOCKED		0
-#define KPF_ERROR		1
-#define KPF_REFERENCED		2
-#define KPF_UPTODATE		3
-#define KPF_DIRTY		4
-#define KPF_LRU			5
-#define KPF_ACTIVE		6
-#define KPF_SLAB		7
-#define KPF_WRITEBACK		8
-#define KPF_RECLAIM		9
-#define KPF_BUDDY		10
-
-/* [11-20] new additions in 2.6.31 */
-#define KPF_MMAP		11
-#define KPF_ANON		12
-#define KPF_SWAPCACHE		13
-#define KPF_SWAPBACKED		14
-#define KPF_COMPOUND_HEAD	15
-#define KPF_COMPOUND_TAIL	16
-#define KPF_HUGE		17
-#define KPF_UNEVICTABLE		18
-#define KPF_HWPOISON		19
-#define KPF_NOPAGE		20
-#define KPF_KSM			21
-#define KPF_THP			22
-
-/* [32-] kernel hacking assistances */
-#define KPF_RESERVED		32
-#define KPF_MLOCKED		33
-#define KPF_MAPPEDTODISK	34
-#define KPF_PRIVATE		35
-#define KPF_PRIVATE_2		36
-#define KPF_OWNER_PRIVATE	37
-#define KPF_ARCH		38
-#define KPF_UNCACHED		39
-
-/* [48-] take some arbitrary free slots for expanding overloaded flags
- * not part of kernel API
- */
-#define KPF_READAHEAD		48
-#define KPF_SLOB_FREE		49
-#define KPF_SLUB_FROZEN		50
-#define KPF_SLUB_DEBUG		51
-
-#define KPF_ALL_BITS		((uint64_t)~0ULL)
-#define KPF_HACKERS_BITS	(0xffffULL << 32)
-#define KPF_OVERLOADED_BITS	(0xffffULL << 48)
-#define BIT(name)		(1ULL << KPF_##name)
-#define BITS_COMPOUND		(BIT(COMPOUND_HEAD) | BIT(COMPOUND_TAIL))
-
-static const char *page_flag_names[] = {
-	[KPF_LOCKED]		= "L:locked",
-	[KPF_ERROR]		= "E:error",
-	[KPF_REFERENCED]	= "R:referenced",
-	[KPF_UPTODATE]		= "U:uptodate",
-	[KPF_DIRTY]		= "D:dirty",
-	[KPF_LRU]		= "l:lru",
-	[KPF_ACTIVE]		= "A:active",
-	[KPF_SLAB]		= "S:slab",
-	[KPF_WRITEBACK]		= "W:writeback",
-	[KPF_RECLAIM]		= "I:reclaim",
-	[KPF_BUDDY]		= "B:buddy",
-
-	[KPF_MMAP]		= "M:mmap",
-	[KPF_ANON]		= "a:anonymous",
-	[KPF_SWAPCACHE]		= "s:swapcache",
-	[KPF_SWAPBACKED]	= "b:swapbacked",
-	[KPF_COMPOUND_HEAD]	= "H:compound_head",
-	[KPF_COMPOUND_TAIL]	= "T:compound_tail",
-	[KPF_HUGE]		= "G:huge",
-	[KPF_UNEVICTABLE]	= "u:unevictable",
-	[KPF_HWPOISON]		= "X:hwpoison",
-	[KPF_NOPAGE]		= "n:nopage",
-	[KPF_KSM]		= "x:ksm",
-	[KPF_THP]		= "t:thp",
-
-	[KPF_RESERVED]		= "r:reserved",
-	[KPF_MLOCKED]		= "m:mlocked",
-	[KPF_MAPPEDTODISK]	= "d:mappedtodisk",
-	[KPF_PRIVATE]		= "P:private",
-	[KPF_PRIVATE_2]		= "p:private_2",
-	[KPF_OWNER_PRIVATE]	= "O:owner_private",
-	[KPF_ARCH]		= "h:arch",
-	[KPF_UNCACHED]		= "c:uncached",
-
-	[KPF_READAHEAD]		= "I:readahead",
-	[KPF_SLOB_FREE]		= "P:slob_free",
-	[KPF_SLUB_FROZEN]	= "A:slub_frozen",
-	[KPF_SLUB_DEBUG]	= "E:slub_debug",
-};
-
-
-static const char *debugfs_known_mountpoints[] = {
-	"/sys/kernel/debug",
-	"/debug",
-	0,
-};
-
-/*
- * data structures
- */
-
-static int		opt_raw;	/* for kernel developers */
-static int		opt_list;	/* list pages (in ranges) */
-static int		opt_no_summary;	/* don't show summary */
-static pid_t		opt_pid;	/* process to walk */
-
-#define MAX_ADDR_RANGES	1024
-static int		nr_addr_ranges;
-static unsigned long	opt_offset[MAX_ADDR_RANGES];
-static unsigned long	opt_size[MAX_ADDR_RANGES];
-
-#define MAX_VMAS	10240
-static int		nr_vmas;
-static unsigned long	pg_start[MAX_VMAS];
-static unsigned long	pg_end[MAX_VMAS];
-
-#define MAX_BIT_FILTERS	64
-static int		nr_bit_filters;
-static uint64_t		opt_mask[MAX_BIT_FILTERS];
-static uint64_t		opt_bits[MAX_BIT_FILTERS];
-
-static int		page_size;
-
-static int		pagemap_fd;
-static int		kpageflags_fd;
-
-static int		opt_hwpoison;
-static int		opt_unpoison;
-
-static char		hwpoison_debug_fs[MAX_PATH+1];
-static int		hwpoison_inject_fd;
-static int		hwpoison_forget_fd;
-
-#define HASH_SHIFT	13
-#define HASH_SIZE	(1 << HASH_SHIFT)
-#define HASH_MASK	(HASH_SIZE - 1)
-#define HASH_KEY(flags)	(flags & HASH_MASK)
-
-static unsigned long	total_pages;
-static unsigned long	nr_pages[HASH_SIZE];
-static uint64_t 	page_flags[HASH_SIZE];
-
-
-/*
- * helper functions
- */
-
-#define ARRAY_SIZE(x) (sizeof(x) / sizeof((x)[0]))
-
-#define min_t(type, x, y) ({			\
-	type __min1 = (x);			\
-	type __min2 = (y);			\
-	__min1 < __min2 ? __min1 : __min2; })
-
-#define max_t(type, x, y) ({			\
-	type __max1 = (x);			\
-	type __max2 = (y);			\
-	__max1 > __max2 ? __max1 : __max2; })
-
-static unsigned long pages2mb(unsigned long pages)
-{
-	return (pages * page_size) >> 20;
-}
-
-static void fatal(const char *x, ...)
-{
-	va_list ap;
-
-	va_start(ap, x);
-	vfprintf(stderr, x, ap);
-	va_end(ap);
-	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-}
-
-static int checked_open(const char *pathname, int flags)
-{
-	int fd = open(pathname, flags);
-
-	if (fd < 0) {
-		perror(pathname);
-		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-	}
-
-	return fd;
-}
-
-/*
- * pagemap/kpageflags routines
- */
-
-static unsigned long do_u64_read(int fd, char *name,
-				 uint64_t *buf,
-				 unsigned long index,
-				 unsigned long count)
-{
-	long bytes;
-
-	if (index > ULONG_MAX / 8)
-		fatal("index overflow: %lu\n", index);
-
-	if (lseek(fd, index * 8, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
-		perror(name);
-		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-	}
-
-	bytes = read(fd, buf, count * 8);
-	if (bytes < 0) {
-		perror(name);
-		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-	}
-	if (bytes % 8)
-		fatal("partial read: %lu bytes\n", bytes);
-
-	return bytes / 8;
-}
-
-static unsigned long kpageflags_read(uint64_t *buf,
-				     unsigned long index,
-				     unsigned long pages)
-{
-	return do_u64_read(kpageflags_fd, PROC_KPAGEFLAGS, buf, index, pages);
-}
-
-static unsigned long pagemap_read(uint64_t *buf,
-				  unsigned long index,
-				  unsigned long pages)
-{
-	return do_u64_read(pagemap_fd, "/proc/pid/pagemap", buf, index, pages);
-}
-
-static unsigned long pagemap_pfn(uint64_t val)
-{
-	unsigned long pfn;
-
-	if (val & PM_PRESENT)
-		pfn = PM_PFRAME(val);
-	else
-		pfn = 0;
-
-	return pfn;
-}
-
-
-/*
- * page flag names
- */
-
-static char *page_flag_name(uint64_t flags)
-{
-	static char buf[65];
-	int present;
-	int i, j;
-
-	for (i = 0, j = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(page_flag_names); i++) {
-		present = (flags >> i) & 1;
-		if (!page_flag_names[i]) {
-			if (present)
-				fatal("unknown flag bit %d\n", i);
-			continue;
-		}
-		buf[j++] = present ? page_flag_names[i][0] : '_';
-	}
-
-	return buf;
-}
-
-static char *page_flag_longname(uint64_t flags)
-{
-	static char buf[1024];
-	int i, n;
-
-	for (i = 0, n = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(page_flag_names); i++) {
-		if (!page_flag_names[i])
-			continue;
-		if ((flags >> i) & 1)
-			n += snprintf(buf + n, sizeof(buf) - n, "%s,",
-					page_flag_names[i] + 2);
-	}
-	if (n)
-		n--;
-	buf[n] = '\0';
-
-	return buf;
-}
-
-
-/*
- * page list and summary
- */
-
-static void show_page_range(unsigned long voffset,
-			    unsigned long offset, uint64_t flags)
-{
-	static uint64_t      flags0;
-	static unsigned long voff;
-	static unsigned long index;
-	static unsigned long count;
-
-	if (flags == flags0 && offset == index + count &&
-	    (!opt_pid || voffset == voff + count)) {
-		count++;
-		return;
-	}
-
-	if (count) {
-		if (opt_pid)
-			printf("%lx\t", voff);
-		printf("%lx\t%lx\t%s\n",
-				index, count, page_flag_name(flags0));
-	}
-
-	flags0 = flags;
-	index  = offset;
-	voff   = voffset;
-	count  = 1;
-}
-
-static void show_page(unsigned long voffset,
-		      unsigned long offset, uint64_t flags)
-{
-	if (opt_pid)
-		printf("%lx\t", voffset);
-	printf("%lx\t%s\n", offset, page_flag_name(flags));
-}
-
-static void show_summary(void)
-{
-	int i;
-
-	printf("             flags\tpage-count       MB"
-		"  symbolic-flags\t\t\tlong-symbolic-flags\n");
-
-	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(nr_pages); i++) {
-		if (nr_pages[i])
-			printf("0x%016llx\t%10lu %8lu  %s\t%s\n",
-				(unsigned long long)page_flags[i],
-				nr_pages[i],
-				pages2mb(nr_pages[i]),
-				page_flag_name(page_flags[i]),
-				page_flag_longname(page_flags[i]));
-	}
-
-	printf("             total\t%10lu %8lu\n",
-			total_pages, pages2mb(total_pages));
-}
-
-
-/*
- * page flag filters
- */
-
-static int bit_mask_ok(uint64_t flags)
-{
-	int i;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < nr_bit_filters; i++) {
-		if (opt_bits[i] == KPF_ALL_BITS) {
-			if ((flags & opt_mask[i]) == 0)
-				return 0;
-		} else {
-			if ((flags & opt_mask[i]) != opt_bits[i])
-				return 0;
-		}
-	}
-
-	return 1;
-}
-
-static uint64_t expand_overloaded_flags(uint64_t flags)
-{
-	/* SLOB/SLUB overload several page flags */
-	if (flags & BIT(SLAB)) {
-		if (flags & BIT(PRIVATE))
-			flags ^= BIT(PRIVATE) | BIT(SLOB_FREE);
-		if (flags & BIT(ACTIVE))
-			flags ^= BIT(ACTIVE) | BIT(SLUB_FROZEN);
-		if (flags & BIT(ERROR))
-			flags ^= BIT(ERROR) | BIT(SLUB_DEBUG);
-	}
-
-	/* PG_reclaim is overloaded as PG_readahead in the read path */
-	if ((flags & (BIT(RECLAIM) | BIT(WRITEBACK))) == BIT(RECLAIM))
-		flags ^= BIT(RECLAIM) | BIT(READAHEAD);
-
-	return flags;
-}
-
-static uint64_t well_known_flags(uint64_t flags)
-{
-	/* hide flags intended only for kernel hacker */
-	flags &= ~KPF_HACKERS_BITS;
-
-	/* hide non-hugeTLB compound pages */
-	if ((flags & BITS_COMPOUND) && !(flags & BIT(HUGE)))
-		flags &= ~BITS_COMPOUND;
-
-	return flags;
-}
-
-static uint64_t kpageflags_flags(uint64_t flags)
-{
-	flags = expand_overloaded_flags(flags);
-
-	if (!opt_raw)
-		flags = well_known_flags(flags);
-
-	return flags;
-}
-
-/* verify that a mountpoint is actually a debugfs instance */
-static int debugfs_valid_mountpoint(const char *debugfs)
-{
-	struct statfs st_fs;
-
-	if (statfs(debugfs, &st_fs) < 0)
-		return -ENOENT;
-	else if (st_fs.f_type != (long) DEBUGFS_MAGIC)
-		return -ENOENT;
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/* find the path to the mounted debugfs */
-static const char *debugfs_find_mountpoint(void)
-{
-	const char **ptr;
-	char type[100];
-	FILE *fp;
-
-	ptr = debugfs_known_mountpoints;
-	while (*ptr) {
-		if (debugfs_valid_mountpoint(*ptr) == 0) {
-			strcpy(hwpoison_debug_fs, *ptr);
-			return hwpoison_debug_fs;
-		}
-		ptr++;
-	}
-
-	/* give up and parse /proc/mounts */
-	fp = fopen("/proc/mounts", "r");
-	if (fp == NULL)
-		perror("Can't open /proc/mounts for read");
-
-	while (fscanf(fp, "%*s %"
-		      STR(MAX_PATH)
-		      "s %99s %*s %*d %*d\n",
-		      hwpoison_debug_fs, type) == 2) {
-		if (strcmp(type, "debugfs") == 0)
-			break;
-	}
-	fclose(fp);
-
-	if (strcmp(type, "debugfs") != 0)
-		return NULL;
-
-	return hwpoison_debug_fs;
-}
-
-/* mount the debugfs somewhere if it's not mounted */
-
-static void debugfs_mount(void)
-{
-	const char **ptr;
-
-	/* see if it's already mounted */
-	if (debugfs_find_mountpoint())
-		return;
-
-	ptr = debugfs_known_mountpoints;
-	while (*ptr) {
-		if (mount(NULL, *ptr, "debugfs", 0, NULL) == 0) {
-			/* save the mountpoint */
-			strcpy(hwpoison_debug_fs, *ptr);
-			break;
-		}
-		ptr++;
-	}
-
-	if (*ptr == NULL) {
-		perror("mount debugfs");
-		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * page actions
- */
-
-static void prepare_hwpoison_fd(void)
-{
-	char buf[MAX_PATH + 1];
-
-	debugfs_mount();
-
-	if (opt_hwpoison && !hwpoison_inject_fd) {
-		snprintf(buf, MAX_PATH, "%s/hwpoison/corrupt-pfn",
-			hwpoison_debug_fs);
-		hwpoison_inject_fd = checked_open(buf, O_WRONLY);
-	}
-
-	if (opt_unpoison && !hwpoison_forget_fd) {
-		snprintf(buf, MAX_PATH, "%s/hwpoison/unpoison-pfn",
-			hwpoison_debug_fs);
-		hwpoison_forget_fd = checked_open(buf, O_WRONLY);
-	}
-}
-
-static int hwpoison_page(unsigned long offset)
-{
-	char buf[100];
-	int len;
-
-	len = sprintf(buf, "0x%lx\n", offset);
-	len = write(hwpoison_inject_fd, buf, len);
-	if (len < 0) {
-		perror("hwpoison inject");
-		return len;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int unpoison_page(unsigned long offset)
-{
-	char buf[100];
-	int len;
-
-	len = sprintf(buf, "0x%lx\n", offset);
-	len = write(hwpoison_forget_fd, buf, len);
-	if (len < 0) {
-		perror("hwpoison forget");
-		return len;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * page frame walker
- */
-
-static int hash_slot(uint64_t flags)
-{
-	int k = HASH_KEY(flags);
-	int i;
-
-	/* Explicitly reserve slot 0 for flags 0: the following logic
-	 * cannot distinguish an unoccupied slot from slot (flags==0).
-	 */
-	if (flags == 0)
-		return 0;
-
-	/* search through the remaining (HASH_SIZE-1) slots */
-	for (i = 1; i < ARRAY_SIZE(page_flags); i++, k++) {
-		if (!k || k >= ARRAY_SIZE(page_flags))
-			k = 1;
-		if (page_flags[k] == 0) {
-			page_flags[k] = flags;
-			return k;
-		}
-		if (page_flags[k] == flags)
-			return k;
-	}
-
-	fatal("hash table full: bump up HASH_SHIFT?\n");
-	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-}
-
-static void add_page(unsigned long voffset,
-		     unsigned long offset, uint64_t flags)
-{
-	flags = kpageflags_flags(flags);
-
-	if (!bit_mask_ok(flags))
-		return;
-
-	if (opt_hwpoison)
-		hwpoison_page(offset);
-	if (opt_unpoison)
-		unpoison_page(offset);
-
-	if (opt_list == 1)
-		show_page_range(voffset, offset, flags);
-	else if (opt_list == 2)
-		show_page(voffset, offset, flags);
-
-	nr_pages[hash_slot(flags)]++;
-	total_pages++;
-}
-
-#define KPAGEFLAGS_BATCH	(64 << 10)	/* 64k pages */
-static void walk_pfn(unsigned long voffset,
-		     unsigned long index,
-		     unsigned long count)
-{
-	uint64_t buf[KPAGEFLAGS_BATCH];
-	unsigned long batch;
-	long pages;
-	unsigned long i;
-
-	while (count) {
-		batch = min_t(unsigned long, count, KPAGEFLAGS_BATCH);
-		pages = kpageflags_read(buf, index, batch);
-		if (pages == 0)
-			break;
-
-		for (i = 0; i < pages; i++)
-			add_page(voffset + i, index + i, buf[i]);
-
-		index += pages;
-		count -= pages;
-	}
-}
-
-#define PAGEMAP_BATCH	(64 << 10)
-static void walk_vma(unsigned long index, unsigned long count)
-{
-	uint64_t buf[PAGEMAP_BATCH];
-	unsigned long batch;
-	unsigned long pages;
-	unsigned long pfn;
-	unsigned long i;
-
-	while (count) {
-		batch = min_t(unsigned long, count, PAGEMAP_BATCH);
-		pages = pagemap_read(buf, index, batch);
-		if (pages == 0)
-			break;
-
-		for (i = 0; i < pages; i++) {
-			pfn = pagemap_pfn(buf[i]);
-			if (pfn)
-				walk_pfn(index + i, pfn, 1);
-		}
-
-		index += pages;
-		count -= pages;
-	}
-}
-
-static void walk_task(unsigned long index, unsigned long count)
-{
-	const unsigned long end = index + count;
-	unsigned long start;
-	int i = 0;
-
-	while (index < end) {
-
-		while (pg_end[i] <= index)
-			if (++i >= nr_vmas)
-				return;
-		if (pg_start[i] >= end)
-			return;
-
-		start = max_t(unsigned long, pg_start[i], index);
-		index = min_t(unsigned long, pg_end[i], end);
-
-		assert(start < index);
-		walk_vma(start, index - start);
-	}
-}
-
-static void add_addr_range(unsigned long offset, unsigned long size)
-{
-	if (nr_addr_ranges >= MAX_ADDR_RANGES)
-		fatal("too many addr ranges\n");
-
-	opt_offset[nr_addr_ranges] = offset;
-	opt_size[nr_addr_ranges] = min_t(unsigned long, size, ULONG_MAX-offset);
-	nr_addr_ranges++;
-}
-
-static void walk_addr_ranges(void)
-{
-	int i;
-
-	kpageflags_fd = checked_open(PROC_KPAGEFLAGS, O_RDONLY);
-
-	if (!nr_addr_ranges)
-		add_addr_range(0, ULONG_MAX);
-
-	for (i = 0; i < nr_addr_ranges; i++)
-		if (!opt_pid)
-			walk_pfn(0, opt_offset[i], opt_size[i]);
-		else
-			walk_task(opt_offset[i], opt_size[i]);
-
-	close(kpageflags_fd);
-}
-
-
-/*
- * user interface
- */
-
-static const char *page_flag_type(uint64_t flag)
-{
-	if (flag & KPF_HACKERS_BITS)
-		return "(r)";
-	if (flag & KPF_OVERLOADED_BITS)
-		return "(o)";
-	return "   ";
-}
-
-static void usage(void)
-{
-	int i, j;
-
-	printf(
-"page-types [options]\n"
-"            -r|--raw                   Raw mode, for kernel developers\n"
-"            -d|--describe flags        Describe flags\n"
-"            -a|--addr    addr-spec     Walk a range of pages\n"
-"            -b|--bits    bits-spec     Walk pages with specified bits\n"
-"            -p|--pid     pid           Walk process address space\n"
-#if 0 /* planned features */
-"            -f|--file    filename      Walk file address space\n"
-#endif
-"            -l|--list                  Show page details in ranges\n"
-"            -L|--list-each             Show page details one by one\n"
-"            -N|--no-summary            Don't show summary info\n"
-"            -X|--hwpoison              hwpoison pages\n"
-"            -x|--unpoison              unpoison pages\n"
-"            -h|--help                  Show this usage message\n"
-"flags:\n"
-"            0x10                       bitfield format, e.g.\n"
-"            anon                       bit-name, e.g.\n"
-"            0x10,anon                  comma-separated list, e.g.\n"
-"addr-spec:\n"
-"            N                          one page at offset N (unit: pages)\n"
-"            N+M                        pages range from N to N+M-1\n"
-"            N,M                        pages range from N to M-1\n"
-"            N,                         pages range from N to end\n"
-"            ,M                         pages range from 0 to M-1\n"
-"bits-spec:\n"
-"            bit1,bit2                  (flags & (bit1|bit2)) != 0\n"
-"            bit1,bit2=bit1             (flags & (bit1|bit2)) == bit1\n"
-"            bit1,~bit2                 (flags & (bit1|bit2)) == bit1\n"
-"            =bit1,bit2                 flags == (bit1|bit2)\n"
-"bit-names:\n"
-	);
-
-	for (i = 0, j = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(page_flag_names); i++) {
-		if (!page_flag_names[i])
-			continue;
-		printf("%16s%s", page_flag_names[i] + 2,
-				 page_flag_type(1ULL << i));
-		if (++j > 3) {
-			j = 0;
-			putchar('\n');
-		}
-	}
-	printf("\n                                   "
-		"(r) raw mode bits  (o) overloaded bits\n");
-}
-
-static unsigned long long parse_number(const char *str)
-{
-	unsigned long long n;
-
-	n = strtoll(str, NULL, 0);
-
-	if (n == 0 && str[0] != '0')
-		fatal("invalid name or number: %s\n", str);
-
-	return n;
-}
-
-static void parse_pid(const char *str)
-{
-	FILE *file;
-	char buf[5000];
-
-	opt_pid = parse_number(str);
-
-	sprintf(buf, "/proc/%d/pagemap", opt_pid);
-	pagemap_fd = checked_open(buf, O_RDONLY);
-
-	sprintf(buf, "/proc/%d/maps", opt_pid);
-	file = fopen(buf, "r");
-	if (!file) {
-		perror(buf);
-		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-	}
-
-	while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), file) != NULL) {
-		unsigned long vm_start;
-		unsigned long vm_end;
-		unsigned long long pgoff;
-		int major, minor;
-		char r, w, x, s;
-		unsigned long ino;
-		int n;
-
-		n = sscanf(buf, "%lx-%lx %c%c%c%c %llx %x:%x %lu",
-			   &vm_start,
-			   &vm_end,
-			   &r, &w, &x, &s,
-			   &pgoff,
-			   &major, &minor,
-			   &ino);
-		if (n < 10) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "unexpected line: %s\n", buf);
-			continue;
-		}
-		pg_start[nr_vmas] = vm_start / page_size;
-		pg_end[nr_vmas] = vm_end / page_size;
-		if (++nr_vmas >= MAX_VMAS) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "too many VMAs\n");
-			break;
-		}
-	}
-	fclose(file);
-}
-
-static void parse_file(const char *name)
-{
-}
-
-static void parse_addr_range(const char *optarg)
-{
-	unsigned long offset;
-	unsigned long size;
-	char *p;
-
-	p = strchr(optarg, ',');
-	if (!p)
-		p = strchr(optarg, '+');
-
-	if (p == optarg) {
-		offset = 0;
-		size   = parse_number(p + 1);
-	} else if (p) {
-		offset = parse_number(optarg);
-		if (p[1] == '\0')
-			size = ULONG_MAX;
-		else {
-			size = parse_number(p + 1);
-			if (*p == ',') {
-				if (size < offset)
-					fatal("invalid range: %lu,%lu\n",
-							offset, size);
-				size -= offset;
-			}
-		}
-	} else {
-		offset = parse_number(optarg);
-		size   = 1;
-	}
-
-	add_addr_range(offset, size);
-}
-
-static void add_bits_filter(uint64_t mask, uint64_t bits)
-{
-	if (nr_bit_filters >= MAX_BIT_FILTERS)
-		fatal("too much bit filters\n");
-
-	opt_mask[nr_bit_filters] = mask;
-	opt_bits[nr_bit_filters] = bits;
-	nr_bit_filters++;
-}
-
-static uint64_t parse_flag_name(const char *str, int len)
-{
-	int i;
-
-	if (!*str || !len)
-		return 0;
-
-	if (len <= 8 && !strncmp(str, "compound", len))
-		return BITS_COMPOUND;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(page_flag_names); i++) {
-		if (!page_flag_names[i])
-			continue;
-		if (!strncmp(str, page_flag_names[i] + 2, len))
-			return 1ULL << i;
-	}
-
-	return parse_number(str);
-}
-
-static uint64_t parse_flag_names(const char *str, int all)
-{
-	const char *p    = str;
-	uint64_t   flags = 0;
-
-	while (1) {
-		if (*p == ',' || *p == '=' || *p == '\0') {
-			if ((*str != '~') || (*str == '~' && all && *++str))
-				flags |= parse_flag_name(str, p - str);
-			if (*p != ',')
-				break;
-			str = p + 1;
-		}
-		p++;
-	}
-
-	return flags;
-}
-
-static void parse_bits_mask(const char *optarg)
-{
-	uint64_t mask;
-	uint64_t bits;
-	const char *p;
-
-	p = strchr(optarg, '=');
-	if (p == optarg) {
-		mask = KPF_ALL_BITS;
-		bits = parse_flag_names(p + 1, 0);
-	} else if (p) {
-		mask = parse_flag_names(optarg, 0);
-		bits = parse_flag_names(p + 1, 0);
-	} else if (strchr(optarg, '~')) {
-		mask = parse_flag_names(optarg, 1);
-		bits = parse_flag_names(optarg, 0);
-	} else {
-		mask = parse_flag_names(optarg, 0);
-		bits = KPF_ALL_BITS;
-	}
-
-	add_bits_filter(mask, bits);
-}
-
-static void describe_flags(const char *optarg)
-{
-	uint64_t flags = parse_flag_names(optarg, 0);
-
-	printf("0x%016llx\t%s\t%s\n",
-		(unsigned long long)flags,
-		page_flag_name(flags),
-		page_flag_longname(flags));
-}
-
-static const struct option opts[] = {
-	{ "raw"       , 0, NULL, 'r' },
-	{ "pid"       , 1, NULL, 'p' },
-	{ "file"      , 1, NULL, 'f' },
-	{ "addr"      , 1, NULL, 'a' },
-	{ "bits"      , 1, NULL, 'b' },
-	{ "describe"  , 1, NULL, 'd' },
-	{ "list"      , 0, NULL, 'l' },
-	{ "list-each" , 0, NULL, 'L' },
-	{ "no-summary", 0, NULL, 'N' },
-	{ "hwpoison"  , 0, NULL, 'X' },
-	{ "unpoison"  , 0, NULL, 'x' },
-	{ "help"      , 0, NULL, 'h' },
-	{ NULL        , 0, NULL, 0 }
-};
-
-int main(int argc, char *argv[])
-{
-	int c;
-
-	page_size = getpagesize();
-
-	while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv,
-				"rp:f:a:b:d:lLNXxh", opts, NULL)) != -1) {
-		switch (c) {
-		case 'r':
-			opt_raw = 1;
-			break;
-		case 'p':
-			parse_pid(optarg);
-			break;
-		case 'f':
-			parse_file(optarg);
-			break;
-		case 'a':
-			parse_addr_range(optarg);
-			break;
-		case 'b':
-			parse_bits_mask(optarg);
-			break;
-		case 'd':
-			describe_flags(optarg);
-			exit(0);
-		case 'l':
-			opt_list = 1;
-			break;
-		case 'L':
-			opt_list = 2;
-			break;
-		case 'N':
-			opt_no_summary = 1;
-			break;
-		case 'X':
-			opt_hwpoison = 1;
-			prepare_hwpoison_fd();
-			break;
-		case 'x':
-			opt_unpoison = 1;
-			prepare_hwpoison_fd();
-			break;
-		case 'h':
-			usage();
-			exit(0);
-		default:
-			usage();
-			exit(1);
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (opt_list && opt_pid)
-		printf("voffset\t");
-	if (opt_list == 1)
-		printf("offset\tlen\tflags\n");
-	if (opt_list == 2)
-		printf("offset\tflags\n");
-
-	walk_addr_ranges();
-
-	if (opt_list == 1)
-		show_page_range(0, 0, 0);  /* drain the buffer */
-
-	if (opt_no_summary)
-		return 0;
-
-	if (opt_list)
-		printf("\n\n");
-
-	show_summary();
-
-	return 0;
-}