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(ened to a crossbar switch,)-.1 F 1.036
(relaying messages from one domain into another)72 336.6 R 6.036(.I)-.55 G
3.536(nt)284.502 336.6 S 1.036
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348.6 R .604(ving domain.)-.25 F .604(All of this is)5.604 F
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(tion \214les incrementally)72 412.8 Q(.)-.65 E F3(Sendmail)97 429 Q F2 .15
(is based on RFC821 \(Simple Mail T)2.65 F .15
(ransport Protocol\), RFC822 \(Internet Mail F)-.35 F .15(ormat Pro-)-.15 F
.423(tocol\), RFC1123 \(Internet Host Requirements\), RFC1521 \(MIME\), RFC165\
1 \(SMTP Service Extensions\),)72 441 R .994
(and a series of as-yet-draft standards describing Deli)72 453 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
.995(ry Status Noti\214cations \(DSNs\), a).15 F -.25(va)-.2 G .995
(ilable from the).25 F 1.529
(internet drafts sites as draft-ietf-notary-mime-deli)72 465 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
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(ve)-.25 G .831 -.4(r, s).15 H(ince).4 E F3(sendmail)2.531 E F2 .031
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2.53(yc)-.15 G .03(ases it can be con\214gured to e)365.12 489 R(xceed)-.15 E
(these protocols.)72 501 Q(These cases are described herein.)5 E(Although)97
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or or adjust the operation under unusual circumstances.)72 529.2 R 1.972
(These features are)6.972 F(described.)72 541.2 Q .816
(Section one describes ho)97 557.4 R 3.316(wt)-.25 G 3.316(od)211.664 557.4 S
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-.1 E .634(sections should contain suf)72 581.4 R .635
(\214cient information for you to install)-.25 F F3(sendmail)3.135 E F2 .635
(and k)3.135 F .635(eep it happ)-.1 F 4.435 -.65(y. S)-.1 H .635(ection three)
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(this document for prior v)72 681.6 Q(ersions of)-.15 E F3(sendmail)2.5 E F2(.)
A F4(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 756 Q(SMM:08-1)457.9 756 Q EP
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10/Times-Roman@0 SF .234(There are tw)112 112.2 R 2.733(ob)-.1 G .233
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2.733 E F1 5.233(.T)C .233(he hard part is to b)317.076 112.2 R .233
(uild the con\214guration table.)-.2 F 1.185(This is a \214le that)87 124.2 R
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(reads when it starts up that describes the mailers it kno)3.686 F 1.186
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136.2 R .714(arious options.)-.25 F .714(Although the)5.714 F .852
(con\214guration table is quite comple)87 148.2 R .852
(x, a con\214guration can usually be b)-.15 F .852(uilt by adjusting an e)-.2 F
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1.078(The second part is actually doing the installation, i.e., creating the n\
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(The remainder of this section will describe the installation of)112 188.4 R F2
(sendmail)2.692 E F1 .192(assuming you can use one)2.692 F 1.432(of the e)87
200.4 R 1.432(xisting con\214gurations and that the standard installation para\
meters are acceptable.)-.15 F 1.431(All path-)6.431 F 8.62(names and e)87 212.4
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(subtree, normally)425.39 212.4 R F2(/usr/sr)87 224.4 Q(c/usr)-.37 E
(.sbin/sendmail)-1.11 E F1(on 4.4BSD.)2.5 E .543(If you are loading this of)112
240.6 R 3.042(ft)-.25 G .542(he tape, continue with the ne)222.766 240.6 R .542
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(unning binary).15 F
(already on your system, you should probably skip to section 1.2.)87 252.6 Q F0
2.5(1.1. Compiling)87 276.6 R(Sendmail)2.5 E F1(All)127 292.8 Q F2(sendmail)
2.934 E F1 .434(source is in the)2.934 F F2(sr)2.934 E(c)-.37 E F1
(subdirectory)2.934 E 5.434(.I)-.65 G 2.934(fy)321.652 292.8 S .435
(ou are running on a 4.4BSD system, com-)332.916 292.8 R .179
(pile by typing \231mak)102 304.8 R 2.679(e\232. On)-.1 F .179
(other systems, you may ha)2.679 F .479 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.679(om).15 G(ak)
350.719 304.8 Q 2.679(es)-.1 G .178(ome other adjustments.)371.068 304.8 R .178
(On most)5.178 F(systems, you can do the appropriate compilation by typing)102
316.8 Q(sh mak)142 333 Q(esendmail)-.1 E .364(This will lea)102 349.2 R .664
-.15(ve t)-.2 H .364(he binary in an appropriately named subdirectory).15 F
5.364(.I)-.65 G 2.864(tw)377.37 349.2 S .364(orks for multiple object v)390.134
349.2 R(er)-.15 E(-)-.2 E(sions compiled out of the same directory)102 361.2 Q
(.)-.65 E F0 2.5(1.1.1. T)102 385.2 R(weaking the Mak)-.74 E(e\214le)-.1 E F2
(Sendmail)142 401.4 Q F1 2.181(supports tw)4.681 F 4.681(od)-.1 G(if)247.053
401.4 Q 2.181(ferent formats for the local \(on disk\) v)-.25 F 2.18
(ersion of databases,)-.15 F(notably the)117 413.4 Q F2(aliases)2.5 E F1 2.5
(database. At)2.5 F(least one of these should be de\214ned if at all possible.)
2.5 E 39.5(NDBM The)117 429.6 R -.74(``)3.166 G(ne).74 E 3.166(wD)-.25 G(BM')
240.432 429.6 Q 3.166('f)-.74 G .666(ormat, a)268.408 429.6 R -.25(va)-.2 G
.666(ilable on nearly all systems around today).25 F 5.667(.T)-.65 G(his)492.33
429.6 Q -.1(wa)189 441.6 S 3.541(st).1 G 1.041
(he preferred format prior to 4.4BSD.)210.771 441.6 R 1.041(It allo)6.041 F
1.041(ws such comple)-.25 F 3.54(xt)-.15 G 1.04(hings as)470.46 441.6 R
(multiple databases and closing a currently open database.)189 453.6 Q 32.84
(NEWDB The)117 469.8 R(ne)3.323 E 3.323(wd)-.25 G .824
(atabase package from Berk)232.606 469.8 R(ele)-.1 E 4.624 -.65(y. I)-.15 H
3.324(fy).65 G .824(ou ha)382.716 469.8 R 1.124 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .824
(his, use it.).15 F .824(It allo)5.824 F(ws)-.25 E .839
(long records, multiple open databases, real in-memory caching, and so forth.)
189 481.8 R -1.1(Yo)189 493.8 S 3.581(uc)1.1 G 1.081
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(ut when a ne)-.2 F 3.193(wd)-.25 G .693
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(ve N)-.2 H .352(EWDB, NDBM, and NIS de\214ned, and).15 F .952
(if the alias \214le name includes the substring \231/yp/\232,)189 529.8 R F2
(sendmail)3.451 E F1 .951(will create both)3.451 F(ne)189 541.8 Q 3.975(wa)-.25
G 1.475(nd old v)213.825 541.8 R 1.475(ersions of the alias \214le during a)
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(gly as sin, b)229.56 565.8 Q(ut it w)-.2 E(orks.)-.1 E 1.112
(If neither of these are de\214ned,)117 582 R F2(sendmail)3.612 E F1 1.112
(reads the alias \214le into memory on e)3.612 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.112(ry in).15
F -.2(vo)-.4 G(cation.).2 E 1.043(This can be slo)117 594 R 3.543(wa)-.25 G
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(access:)117 606 Q 53.39(NIS Sun')117 622.2 R 2.5(sN)-.55 G(etw)220.95 622.2 Q
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2.5(sN)-.55 G(IS+ services.)220.95 638.4 Q 26.73(NETINFO NeXT')117 654.6 R 2.5
(sN)-.55 G(etInfo service.)230.38 654.6 Q 32.84(HESIOD Hesiod)117 670.8 R
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(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(1.1.2. Compilation)102 96 R
(and installation)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .309
(After making the local system con\214guration described abo)142 112.2 R -.15
(ve)-.15 G 2.808(,Y).15 G .308(ou should be able to com-)398.86 112.2 R
(pile and install the system.)117 124.2 Q(The script \231mak)5 E
(esendmail\232 is the best approach on most systems:)-.1 E(sh mak)157 140.4 Q
(esendmail)-.1 E(This will use)117 156.6 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(uname)2.5 E
F1(\(1\) to select the correct Mak)A(e\214le for your en)-.1 E(vironment.)-.4 E
-1.1(Yo)142 172.8 S 2.5(um)1.1 G(ay be able to install using)168.4 172.8 Q
(sh mak)157 189 Q(esendmail install)-.1 E 3.346
(This should install the binary in /usr/sbin and create links from /usr/bin/ne)
117 205.2 R -.1(wa)-.25 G 3.346(liases and).1 F 1.577
(/usr/bin/mailq to /usr/sbin/sendmail.)117 217.2 R 1.577
(On 4.4BSD systems it will also format and install man)6.577 F(pages.)117 229.2
Q F0 2.5(1.2. Con\214guration)87 253.2 R(Files)2.5 E F2(Sendmail)127 269.4 Q F1
2.079(cannot operate without a con\214guration \214le.)4.579 F 2.079
(The con\214guration de\214nes the mail)7.079 F(deli)102 281.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
.889(ry mechanisms understood at this site, ho).15 F 3.389(wt)-.25 G 3.389(oa)
309.783 281.4 S .889(ccess them, ho)322.612 281.4 R 3.388(wt)-.25 G 3.388(of)
396.128 281.4 S(orw)407.846 281.4 Q .888(ard email to remote)-.1 F .088
(mail systems, and a number of tuning parameters.)102 293.4 R .088
(This con\214guration \214le is detailed in the later por)5.088 F(-)-.2 E
(tion of this document.)102 305.4 Q(The)127 321.6 Q F2(sendmail)2.764 E F1 .264
(con\214guration can be daunting at \214rst.)2.764 F .264(The w)5.264 F .264
(orld is comple)-.1 F .264(x, and the mail con-)-.15 F .108
(\214guration re\215ects that.)102 333.6 R .108(The distrib)5.108 F .109
(ution includes an m4-based con\214guration package that hides a lot)-.2 F
(of the comple)102 345.6 Q(xity)-.15 E(.)-.65 E .47
(These con\214guration \214les are simpler than old v)127 361.8 R .47
(ersions lar)-.15 F .47(gely because the w)-.18 F .47(orld has become)-.1 F
1.448(simpler; in particular)102 373.8 R 3.948(,t)-.4 G -.15(ex)197.604 373.8 S
1.448(t-based host \214les are of).15 F 1.449(\214cially eliminated, ob)-.25 F
1.449(viating the need to \231hide\232)-.15 F(hosts behind a re)102 385.8 Q
(gistered internet g)-.15 E(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G -.65(y.).1 G .092(These \
\214les also assume that most of your neighbors use domain-based UUCP addressi\
ng; that)127 402 R .361(is, instead of naming hosts as \231host!user\232 the)
102 414 R 2.861(yw)-.15 G .361(ill use \231host.domain!user\232.)299.435 414 R
.361(The con\214guration \214les)5.361 F(can be customized to w)102 426 Q
(ork around this, b)-.1 E(ut it is more comple)-.2 E(x.)-.15 E .658
(Our con\214guration \214les are processed by)127 442.2 R F2(m4)3.158 E F1 .658
(to f)3.158 F .657(acilitate local customization; the directory)-.1 F F2(cf)
3.157 E F1 .396(of the)102 454.2 R F2(sendmail)2.896 E F1(distrib)2.896 E .396
(ution directory contains the source \214les.)-.2 F .396
(This directory contains se)5.396 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .397(ral sub-).15 F
(directories:)102 466.2 Q 61.73(cf Both)102 482.4 R .56
(site-dependent and site-independent descriptions of hosts.)3.06 F .56
(These can be lit-)5.56 F .445(eral host names \(e.g., \231ucb)174 494.4 R -.25
(va)-.15 G .445(x.mc\232\) when the hosts are g).25 F(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G
.445(ys or more general).1 F 3.589(descriptions \(such as \231tcpproto.mc\232 \
as a general description of an SMTP-)174 506.4 R .536(connected host or \231uu\
cpproto.mc\232 as a general description of a UUCP-connected)174 518.4 R 3.291
(host\). Files)174 530.4 R(ending)3.291 E F0(.mc)3.291 E F1(\(`)3.291 E .791
(`Master Con\214guration')-.74 F .791('\) are the input descriptions; the)-.74
F 2.14(output is in the corresponding)174 542.4 R F0(.cf)4.64 E F1 4.64
(\214le. The)4.64 F 2.14(general structure of these \214les is)4.64 F
(described belo)174 554.4 Q -.65(w.)-.25 G 39.5(domain Site-dependent)102 570.6
R .428(subdomain descriptions.)2.928 F .428(These are tied to the w)5.428 F
.428(ay your or)-.1 F -.05(ga)-.18 G(niza-).05 E .292(tion w)174 582.6 R .292
(ants to do addressing.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)5.292 G 2.792(re).15 G(xample,)313.122
582.6 Q F0(domain/cs.exposed.m4)2.792 E F1 .292(is our descrip-)2.792 F .443
(tion for hosts in the CS.Berk)174 594.6 R(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G .443
(EDU subdomain that w).65 F .442(ant their indi)-.1 F .442(vidual host-)-.25 F
.962(name to be e)174 606.6 R .963(xternally visible;)-.15 F F0
(domain/cs.hidden.m4)3.463 E F1 .963(is the same e)3.463 F .963(xcept that the)
-.15 F 2.628(hostname is hidden \(e)174 618.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.628
(rything looks lik).15 F 5.128(ei)-.1 G 5.128(tc)362.038 618.6 S 2.627
(omes from CS.Berk)374.386 618.6 R(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\).).65 E
(These are referenced using the)174 630.6 Q/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(DOMAIN)2.5 E
F0(m4)2.5 E F1(macro in the)2.5 E F0(.mc)2.5 E F1(\214le.)2.5 E 41.74
(feature De\214nitions)102 646.8 R .728
(of speci\214c features that some particular host in your site might w)3.228 F
(ant.)-.1 E 2.467(These are referenced using the)174 658.8 R F3(FEA)4.966 E
(TURE)-.999 E F0(m4)4.966 E F1 4.966(macro. An)4.966 F -.15(ex)4.966 G 2.466
(ample feature is).15 F 1.316(use_cw_\214le \(which tells)174 670.8 R F2
(sendmail)3.816 E F1 1.317(to read an /etc/sendmail.cw \214le on startup to)
3.816 F(\214nd the set of local names\).)174 682.8 Q 50.62(hack Local)102 699 R
1.886(hacks, referenced using the)4.387 F F3(HA)4.386 E(CK)-.36 E F0(m4)4.386 E
F1 4.386(macro. T)4.386 F 1.886(ry to a)-.35 F -.2(vo)-.2 G 1.886(id these.).2
F(The)6.886 E(point of ha)174 711 Q(ving them here is to mak)-.2 E 2.5(ei)-.1 G
2.5(tc)325.91 711 S(lear that the)335.63 711 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G(mell.)394.08 711 Q
EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-9)457.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 56.72(m4 Site-independent)102 96 R
/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(m4)2.538 E F1 .038(\(1\) include \214les that ha)B
.338 -.15(ve i)-.2 H .038(nformation common to all con\214gu-).15 F
(ration \214les.)174 108 Q
(This can be thought of as a \231#include\232 directory)5 E(.)-.65 E 43.95
(mailer De\214nitions)102 124.2 R .152(of mailers, referenced using the)2.653 F
/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(MAILER)2.652 E F0(m4)2.652 E F1 2.652(macro. The)2.652 F
.152(mailer types)2.652 F 1.786(that are kno)174 136.2 R 1.787
(wn in this distrib)-.25 F 1.787(ution are f)-.2 F 1.787
(ax, local, smtp, uucp, and usenet.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)6.787 G(r).15 E -.15(ex)174
148.2 S(ample, to include support for the UUCP-based mailers, use \231MAILER\(\
uucp\)\232.).15 E 43.39(ostype De\214nitions)102 164.4 R 1.157(describing v)
3.657 F 1.157(arious operating system en)-.25 F 1.156
(vironments \(such as the loca-)-.4 F(tion of support \214les\).)174 176.4 Q
(These are referenced using the)5 E F3(OSTYPE)2.5 E F0(m4)2.5 E F1(macro.)2.5 E
60.61(sh Shell)102 192.6 R(\214les used by the)2.5 E F0(m4)2.5 E F1 -.2(bu)2.5
G(ild process.).2 E -1.1(Yo)5 G 2.5(us)1.1 G(houldn')362.97 192.6 Q 2.5(th)-.18
G -2.25 -.2(av e)404.18 192.6 T(to mess with these.)2.7 E 30.61
(sitecon\214g Local)102 208.8 R .49
(site con\214guration information, such as UUCP connecti)2.99 F(vity)-.25 E
5.49(.T)-.65 G(he)450.61 208.8 Q 2.99(yn)-.15 G(ormally)472.89 208.8 Q
(contain lists of site information, for e)174 220.8 Q(xample:)-.15 E
(SITE\(contessa\))214 237 Q(SITE\(hoptoad\))214 249 Q(SITE\(nkainc\))214 261 Q
(SITE\(well\))214 273 Q(The)174 289.2 Q 2.5(ya)-.15 G
(re referenced using the SITECONFIG macro:)201.34 289.2 Q
(SITECONFIG\(site.con\214g.\214le, name_of_site, X\))214 305.4 Q(where)174
321.6 Q F2(X)2.704 E F1 .204(is the macro/class name to use.)2.704 F .203
(It can be U \(indicating locally connected)5.204 F(hosts\) or one of W)174
333.6 Q 2.5(,X)-.92 G 2.5(,o)259.73 333.6 S 2.5(rYf)269.73 333.6 S
(or up to three remote UUCP hubs.)288.61 333.6 Q .756(If you are in a ne)127
349.8 R 3.256(wd)-.25 G .756(omain \(e.g., a compan)214.036 349.8 R .757
(y\), you will probably w)-.15 F .757(ant to create a cf/domain)-.1 F .871
(\214le for your domain.)102 361.8 R .871
(This consists primarily of relay de\214nitions: for e)5.871 F .87
(xample, Berk)-.15 F(ele)-.1 E(y')-.15 E 3.37(sd)-.55 G(omain)479 361.8 Q .16
(de\214nition de\214nes relays for BitNET)102 373.8 R 2.66(,C)-.74 G(SNET)
257.61 373.8 Q 2.66(,a)-.74 G .16(nd UUCP)291.47 373.8 R 5.16(.O)-1.11 G 2.66
(ft)344.57 373.8 S .16(hese, only the UUCP relay is particu-)353.34 373.8 R .46
(larly speci\214c to Berk)102 385.8 R(ele)-.1 E 4.26 -.65(y. A)-.15 H .46
(ll of these are internet-style domain names.).65 F .46(Please check to mak)
5.46 F 2.96(ec)-.1 G(er)493.1 385.8 Q(-)-.2 E(tain the)102 397.8 Q 2.5(ya)-.15
G(re reasonable for your domain.)143.51 397.8 Q 1.406(Subdomains at Berk)127
414 R(ele)-.1 E 3.906(ya)-.15 G 1.407
(re also represented in the cf/domain directory)235.678 414 R 6.407(.F)-.65 G
1.407(or e)439.406 414 R 1.407(xample, the)-.15 F 1.491(domain cs-e)102 426 R
1.491(xposed is the Computer Science subdomain with the local hostname sho)-.15
F 1.49(wn to other)-.25 F 1.41(users; cs-hidden mak)102 438 R 1.411
(es users appear to be from the CS.Berk)-.1 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G 1.411
(EDU subdomain \(with no local).65 F 1.084(host information included\).)102 450
R -1.1(Yo)6.084 G 3.584(uw)1.1 G 1.084(ill probably ha)246.336 450 R 1.384 -.15
(ve t)-.2 H 3.584(ou).15 G 1.083(pdate this directory to be appropriate for)
335.872 450 R(your domain.)102 462 Q -1.1(Yo)127 478.2 S 4.372(uw)1.1 G 1.872
(ill ha)154.712 478.2 R 2.172 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 4.372(ou).15 G 1.872
(se or create)207.478 478.2 R F0(.mc)4.372 E F1 1.872(\214les in the)4.372 F F2
(cf/cf)4.372 E F1 1.873(subdirectory for your hosts.)4.373 F 1.873(This is)
6.873 F(detailed in the cf/README \214le.)102 490.2 Q F0 2.5(1.3. Details)87
514.2 R(of Installation Files)2.5 E F1
(This subsection describes the \214les that comprise the)127 530.4 Q F2
(sendmail)2.5 E F1(installation.)2.5 E F0 2.5(1.3.1. /usr/sbin/sendmail)102
554.4 R F1 .079(The binary for)142 572.6 R F2(sendmail)2.579 E F1 .079
(is located in /usr/sbin)2.579 F/F4 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(1)326.703 568.6 Q F1
5.079(.I)330.203 572.6 S 2.579(ts)341.112 572.6 S .08(hould be setuid root.)
350.361 572.6 R -.15(Fo)5.08 G 2.58(rs).15 G .08(ecurity rea-)458.11 572.6 R
(sons, /, /usr)117 586.6 Q 2.5(,a)-.4 G(nd /usr/sbin should be o)171.6 586.6 Q
(wned by root, mode 755)-.25 E F4(2)364.4 582.6 Q F1(.)367.9 586.6 Q F0 2.5
(1.3.2. /etc/sendmail.cf)102 610.6 R F1 .699
(This is the con\214guration \214le for)142 628.8 R F2(sendmail)3.199 E F4(3)
311.744 624.8 Q F1 5.698(.T)315.244 628.8 S .698
(his and /etc/sendmail.pid are the only non-)329.552 628.8 R .32 LW 76 638.4 72
638.4 DL 80 638.4 76 638.4 DL 84 638.4 80 638.4 DL 88 638.4 84 638.4 DL 92
638.4 88 638.4 DL 96 638.4 92 638.4 DL 100 638.4 96 638.4 DL 104 638.4 100
638.4 DL 108 638.4 104 638.4 DL 112 638.4 108 638.4 DL 116 638.4 112 638.4 DL
120 638.4 116 638.4 DL 124 638.4 120 638.4 DL 128 638.4 124 638.4 DL 132 638.4
128 638.4 DL 136 638.4 132 638.4 DL 140 638.4 136 638.4 DL 144 638.4 140 638.4
DL 148 638.4 144 638.4 DL 152 638.4 148 638.4 DL 156 638.4 152 638.4 DL 160
638.4 156 638.4 DL 164 638.4 160 638.4 DL 168 638.4 164 638.4 DL 172 638.4 168
638.4 DL 176 638.4 172 638.4 DL 180 638.4 176 638.4 DL 184 638.4 180 638.4 DL
188 638.4 184 638.4 DL 192 638.4 188 638.4 DL 196 638.4 192 638.4 DL 200 638.4
196 638.4 DL 204 638.4 200 638.4 DL 208 638.4 204 638.4 DL 212 638.4 208 638.4
DL 216 638.4 212 638.4 DL/F5 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(1)93.6 648.8 Q/F6 8
/Times-Roman@0 SF .385(This is usually /usr/sbin on 4.4BSD and ne)3.2 J .385
(wer systems; man)-.2 F 2.385(ys)-.12 G .385(ystems install it in /usr/lib)
302.966 652 R 4.384(.I)-.32 G .384(understand it is in /usr/ucblib on)398.744
652 R(System V Release 4.)72 661.6 Q F5(2)93.6 672 Q F6 .15(Some v)3.2 J .15
(endors ship them o)-.12 F .15
(wned by bin; this creates a security hole that is not actually related to)-.2
F/F7 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.15 E F6 4.15(.O)C .149(ther important di-)
447.262 675.2 R(rectories that should ha)72 684.8 Q .24 -.12(ve r)-.16 H
(estricti).12 E .24 -.12(ve o)-.2 H(wnerships and permissions are /bin, /usr/b\
in, /etc, /usr/etc, /lib, and /usr/lib)-.08 E(.)-.32 E F5(3)93.6 695.2 Q F6
(Actually)3.2 I 2.276(,t)-.52 G .276(he pathname v)129.632 698.4 R .276
(aries depending on the operating system; /etc is the preferred directory)-.2 F
4.276(.S)-.52 G .277(ome older systems install it)415.332 698.4 R(in)72 708 Q
/F8 8/Times-Bold@0 SF(/usr/lib/sendmail.cf)2 E F6 2(,a)C(nd I')153.344 708 Q
.24 -.12(ve a)-.4 H(lso seen it in).12 E F8(/usr/ucblib)2 E F6(and)2 E F8
(/etc/mail)2 E F6 4(.I)C 2(fy)313.928 708 S(ou w)322.592 708 Q(ant to mo)-.08 E
.24 -.12(ve t)-.12 H(his \214le, change).12 E F7(sr)2 E(c/conf)-.296 E(.h)-.12
E F6(.)A EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-10 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(library \214le names compiled into)117 98 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)
2.5 E/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(4)283.38 94 Q F1(.)286.88 98 Q .721
(The con\214guration \214le is normally created using the distrib)142 114.2 R
.721(ution \214les described abo)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.72(.I).15 G(f)500.67
114.2 Q .64(you ha)117 126.2 R .94 -.15(ve a p)-.2 H .64
(articularly unusual system con\214guration you may need to create a special v)
.15 F(ersion.)-.15 E
(The format of this \214le is detailed in later sections of this document.)117
138.2 Q F0 2.5(1.3.3. /usr/bin/newaliases)102 162.2 R F1(The)142 178.4 Q F2(ne)
2.5 E(waliases)-.15 E F1(command should just be a link to)2.5 E F2(sendmail)2.5
E F1(:)A(rm \255f /usr/bin/ne)157 194.6 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E
(ln \255s /usr/sbin/sendmail /usr/bin/ne)157 206.6 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E
(This can be installed in whate)117 222.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rs).15 G
(earch path you prefer for your system.)254.91 222.8 Q F0 2.5(1.3.4. /v)102
246.8 R(ar/spool/mqueue)-.1 E F1 .218(The directory)142 263 R F2
(/var/spool/mqueue)2.718 E F1 .217(should be created to hold the mail queue.)
2.718 F .217(This directory)5.217 F(should be mode 700 and o)117 275 Q
(wned by root.)-.25 E(The actual path of this directory is de\214ned in the)142
291.2 Q F0(Q)2.5 E F1(option of the)2.5 E F2(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1(\214le.)2.5 E
F0 2.5(1.3.5. /etc/aliases*)102 315.2 R F1 1.492
(The system aliases are held in \231/etc/aliases\232.)142 331.4 R 3.992(As)
6.492 G 1.492(ample is gi)350.006 331.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.993(ni).15 G 3.993
<6e99>417.694 331.4 S 1.493(lib/aliases\232 which)431.127 331.4 R
(includes some aliases which)117 343.4 Q F2(must)2.5 E F1(be de\214ned:)2.5 E
(cp lib/aliases /etc/aliases)157 359.6 Q F2(edit /etc/aliases)157 371.6 Q F1
-1.1(Yo)117 387.8 S 2.5(us)1.1 G(hould e)139.51 387.8 Q
(xtend this \214le with an)-.15 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G
(liases that are apropos to your system.)267.54 387.8 Q(Normally)142 404 Q F2
(sendmail)3.61 E F1 1.109(looks at a v)3.61 F 1.109
(ersion of these \214les maintained by the)-.15 F F2(dbm)3.609 E F1 1.109
(\(3\) or)1.666 F F2(db)3.609 E F1(\(3\))1.666 E 3.46(routines. These)117 416 R
.96(are stored either in \231/etc/aliases.dir\232 and \231/etc/aliases.pag\232\
 or \231/etc/aliases.db\232)3.46 F 1.022
(depending on which database package you are using.)117 428 R 1.022
(These can initially be created as empty)6.022 F(\214les, b)117 440 Q(ut the)
-.2 E 2.5(yw)-.15 G(ill ha)180.54 440 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.5(ob).15 G 2.5(ei)
227.69 440 S(nitialized promptly)237.41 440 Q 5(.T)-.65 G
(hese should be mode 644:)326.76 440 Q(cp /de)157 456.2 Q
(v/null /etc/aliases.dir)-.25 E(cp /de)157 468.2 Q(v/null /etc/aliases.pag)-.25
E(chmod 644 /etc/aliases.*)157 480.2 Q(ne)157 492.2 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E
(The)117 508.4 Q F2(db)2.79 E F1 .29(routines preset the mode reasonably)2.79 F
2.79(,s)-.65 G 2.79(ot)301.68 508.4 S .29(his step can be skipped.)312.25 508.4
R .29(The actual path of this)5.29 F(\214le is de\214ned in the)117 520.4 Q F0
(A)2.5 E F1(option of the)2.5 E F2(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1(\214le.)2.5 E F0 2.5
(1.3.6. /etc/r)102 544.4 R(c)-.18 E F1 .156
(It will be necessary to start up the)142 560.6 R F2(sendmail)2.655 E F1 .155
(daemon when your system reboots.)2.655 F .155(This dae-)5.155 F 1.537
(mon performs tw)117 572.6 R 4.037(of)-.1 G 1.537
(unctions: it listens on the SMTP sock)201.221 572.6 R 1.537
(et for connections \(to recei)-.1 F 1.838 -.15(ve m)-.25 H(ail).15 E .442(fro\
m a remote system\) and it processes the queue periodically to insure that mai\
l gets deli)117 584.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(red).15 E(when hosts come up.)117 596.6
Q .505(Add the follo)142 612.8 R .505(wing lines to \231/etc/rc\232 \(or \231/\
etc/rc.local\232 as appropriate\) in the area where it)-.25 F
(is starting up the daemons:)117 624.8 Q .32 LW 76 669.2 72 669.2 DL 80 669.2
76 669.2 DL 84 669.2 80 669.2 DL 88 669.2 84 669.2 DL 92 669.2 88 669.2 DL 96
669.2 92 669.2 DL 100 669.2 96 669.2 DL 104 669.2 100 669.2 DL 108 669.2 104
669.2 DL 112 669.2 108 669.2 DL 116 669.2 112 669.2 DL 120 669.2 116 669.2 DL
124 669.2 120 669.2 DL 128 669.2 124 669.2 DL 132 669.2 128 669.2 DL 136 669.2
132 669.2 DL 140 669.2 136 669.2 DL 144 669.2 140 669.2 DL 148 669.2 144 669.2
DL 152 669.2 148 669.2 DL 156 669.2 152 669.2 DL 160 669.2 156 669.2 DL 164
669.2 160 669.2 DL 168 669.2 164 669.2 DL 172 669.2 168 669.2 DL 176 669.2 172
669.2 DL 180 669.2 176 669.2 DL 184 669.2 180 669.2 DL 188 669.2 184 669.2 DL
192 669.2 188 669.2 DL 196 669.2 192 669.2 DL 200 669.2 196 669.2 DL 204 669.2
200 669.2 DL 208 669.2 204 669.2 DL 212 669.2 208 669.2 DL 216 669.2 212 669.2
DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(4)93.6 679.6 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .588
(The system libraries can reference other \214les; in particular)3.2 J 2.589
(,s)-.32 G .589(ystem library subroutines that)294.805 682.8 R/F6 8
/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.589 E F5 .589(calls probably reference)2.589 F F6
(/etc/passwd)72 692.4 Q F5(and)2 E F6(/etc/r)2 E(esolv)-.296 E(.conf)-.592 E F5
(.)A EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-11)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(if [ \255f /usr/sbin/sendmail \255a \255f /etc/sendmail.cf ]; then)157 96 Q
(\(cd /v)193 108 Q(ar/spool/mqueue; rm \255f [lnx]f*\))-.25 E
(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255bd \255q30m &)193 120 Q(echo \255n ' sendmail' >/de)193
132 Q(v/console)-.25 E<8c>157 144 Q .174
(The \231cd\232 and \231rm\232 commands insure that all lock \214les ha)117
160.2 R .473 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .173(een remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .173(d; e).15 F
.173(xtraneous lock \214les)-.15 F .004
(may be left around if the system goes do)117 172.2 R .005
(wn in the middle of processing a message.)-.25 F .005(The line that)5.005 F
2.294(actually in)117 184.2 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(s).1 E/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)4.794 E F1 2.294(has tw)4.794 F 4.794<6f8d>-.1 G
2.293(ags: \231\255bd\232 causes it to listen on the SMTP port, and)272.94
184.2 R(\231\255q30m\232 causes it to run the queue e)117 196.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25
G(ry half hour).15 E(.)-.55 E .378(Some people use a more comple)142 212.4 R
2.879(xs)-.15 G .379(tartup script, remo)285.209 212.4 R .379
(ving zero length qf \214les and df \214les)-.15 F 1.121
(for which there is no qf \214le.)117 224.4 R -.15(Fo)6.121 G 3.621(re).15 G
1.12(xample, see Figure 1 for an e)262.868 224.4 R 1.12(xample of a comple)-.15
F 3.62(xs)-.15 G(tartup)480.67 224.4 Q(script.)117 236.4 Q .755
(If you are not running a v)142 252.6 R .755(ersion of UNIX that supports Berk)
-.15 F(ele)-.1 E 3.256(yT)-.15 G(CP/IP)416.722 252.6 Q 3.256(,d)-1.11 G 3.256
(on)450.268 252.6 S .756(ot include)463.524 252.6 R(the)117 264.6 Q F0(\255bd)
2.5 E F1(\215ag.)2.5 E F0 2.5(1.3.7. /usr/lib/sendmail.hf)102 288.6 R F1 2.078
(This is the help \214le used by the SMTP)142 304.8 R F0(HELP)4.578 E F1 4.578
(command. It)4.578 F 2.078(should be copied from)4.578 F
(\231lib/sendmail.hf\232:)117 316.8 Q(cp lib/sendmail.hf /usr/lib)157 333 Q
(The actual path of this \214le is de\214ned in the)117 349.2 Q F0(H)2.5 E F1
(option of the)2.5 E F2(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1(\214le.)2.5 E F0 2.5
(1.3.8. /etc/sendmail.st)102 373.2 R F1 3.04
(If you wish to collect statistics about your mail traf)142 389.4 R 3.04
(\214c, you should create the \214le)-.25 F(\231/etc/sendmail.st\232:)117 401.4
Q(cp /de)157 417.6 Q(v/null /etc/sendmail.st)-.25 E(chmod 666 /etc/sendmail.st)
157 429.6 Q .716(This \214le does not gro)117 445.8 R 4.516 -.65(w. I)-.25 H
3.216(ti).65 G 3.216(sp)231.506 445.8 S .716
(rinted with the program \231mailstats/mailstats.c.)243.612 445.8 R 5.715<9a54>
-.7 G .715(he actual path)447.03 445.8 R(of this \214le is de\214ned in the)117
457.8 Q F0(S)2.5 E F1(option of the)2.5 E F2(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1(\214le.)2.5 E
F0 2.5(1.3.9. /usr/bin/mailq)102 481.8 R F1(If)142 498 Q F2(sendmail)3.439 E F1
.939(is in)3.439 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.439(da).1 G 3.439<7399>241.156
498 S(mailq,)252.925 498 Q 3.439<9a69>-.7 G 3.439(tw)288.164 498 S .939
(ill simulate the)301.603 498 R F0(\255bp)3.439 E F1 .94(\215ag \(i.e.,)3.44 F
F2(sendmail)3.44 E F1 .94(will print)3.44 F
(the contents of the mail queue; see belo)117 510 Q 2.5(w\). This)-.25 F
(should be a link to /usr/sbin/sendmail.)2.5 E F0 2.5(2. NORMAL)72 534 R(OPERA)
2.5 E(TIONS)-.95 E 2.5(2.1. The)87 558 R(System Log)2.5 E F1 1.511
(The system log is supported by the)127 574.2 R F2(syslo)4.011 E(gd)-.1 E F1
1.511(\(8\) program.)1.666 F 1.511(All messages from)6.511 F F2(sendmail)4.011
E F1(are)4.011 E(logged under the)102 588.2 Q/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(LOG_MAIL)
2.5 E F1 -.1(fa)2.5 G(cility).1 E/F4 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(5)248.43 584.2 Q F1(.)
251.93 588.2 Q F0 2.5(2.1.1. F)102 612.2 R(ormat)-.25 E F1 .574(Each line in t\
he system log consists of a timestamp, the name of the machine that gener)142
628.4 R(-)-.2 E .849(ated it \(for logging from se)117 640.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
.849(ral machines o).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.349(rt).15 G .848
(he local area netw)316.942 640.4 R .848(ork\), the w)-.1 F .848
(ord \231sendmail:\232,)-.1 F(and a message)117 654.4 Q F4(6)174.76 650.4 Q F1
5(.M)178.26 654.4 S(ost messages are a sequence of)194.65 654.4 Q F2(name)2.5 E
F1(=)A F2(value)A F1(pairs.)2.5 E .32 LW 76 665.2 72 665.2 DL 80 665.2 76 665.2
DL 84 665.2 80 665.2 DL 88 665.2 84 665.2 DL 92 665.2 88 665.2 DL 96 665.2 92
665.2 DL 100 665.2 96 665.2 DL 104 665.2 100 665.2 DL 108 665.2 104 665.2 DL
112 665.2 108 665.2 DL 116 665.2 112 665.2 DL 120 665.2 116 665.2 DL 124 665.2
120 665.2 DL 128 665.2 124 665.2 DL 132 665.2 128 665.2 DL 136 665.2 132 665.2
DL 140 665.2 136 665.2 DL 144 665.2 140 665.2 DL 148 665.2 144 665.2 DL 152
665.2 148 665.2 DL 156 665.2 152 665.2 DL 160 665.2 156 665.2 DL 164 665.2 160
665.2 DL 168 665.2 164 665.2 DL 172 665.2 168 665.2 DL 176 665.2 172 665.2 DL
180 665.2 176 665.2 DL 184 665.2 180 665.2 DL 188 665.2 184 665.2 DL 192 665.2
188 665.2 DL 196 665.2 192 665.2 DL 200 665.2 196 665.2 DL 204 665.2 200 665.2
DL 208 665.2 204 665.2 DL 212 665.2 208 665.2 DL 216 665.2 212 665.2 DL/F5 5
/Times-Roman@0 SF(5)93.6 675.6 Q/F6 8/Times-Roman@0 SF
(Except on Ultrix, which does not support f)3.2 I(acilities in the syslog.)-.08
E F5(6)93.6 689.2 Q F6(This format may v)3.2 I(ary slightly if your v)-.2 E
(endor has changed the syntax.)-.12 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-12 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E .4 LW 77 108 72 108 DL 79 108 74 108 DL
84 108 79 108 DL 89 108 84 108 DL 94 108 89 108 DL 99 108 94 108 DL 104 108 99
108 DL 109 108 104 108 DL 114 108 109 108 DL 119 108 114 108 DL 124 108 119 108
DL 129 108 124 108 DL 134 108 129 108 DL 139 108 134 108 DL 144 108 139 108 DL
149 108 144 108 DL 154 108 149 108 DL 159 108 154 108 DL 164 108 159 108 DL 169
108 164 108 DL 174 108 169 108 DL 179 108 174 108 DL 184 108 179 108 DL 189 108
184 108 DL 194 108 189 108 DL 199 108 194 108 DL 204 108 199 108 DL 209 108 204
108 DL 214 108 209 108 DL 219 108 214 108 DL 224 108 219 108 DL 229 108 224 108
DL 234 108 229 108 DL 239 108 234 108 DL 244 108 239 108 DL 249 108 244 108 DL
254 108 249 108 DL 259 108 254 108 DL 264 108 259 108 DL 269 108 264 108 DL 274
108 269 108 DL 279 108 274 108 DL 284 108 279 108 DL 289 108 284 108 DL 294 108
289 108 DL 299 108 294 108 DL 304 108 299 108 DL 309 108 304 108 DL 314 108 309
108 DL 319 108 314 108 DL 324 108 319 108 DL 329 108 324 108 DL 334 108 329 108
DL 339 108 334 108 DL 344 108 339 108 DL 349 108 344 108 DL 354 108 349 108 DL
359 108 354 108 DL 364 108 359 108 DL 369 108 364 108 DL 374 108 369 108 DL 379
108 374 108 DL 384 108 379 108 DL 389 108 384 108 DL 394 108 389 108 DL 399 108
394 108 DL 404 108 399 108 DL 409 108 404 108 DL 414 108 409 108 DL 419 108 414
108 DL 424 108 419 108 DL 429 108 424 108 DL 434 108 429 108 DL 439 108 434 108
DL 444 108 439 108 DL 449 108 444 108 DL 454 108 449 108 DL 459 108 454 108 DL
464 108 459 108 DL 469 108 464 108 DL 474 108 469 108 DL 479 108 474 108 DL 484
108 479 108 DL 489 108 484 108 DL 494 108 489 108 DL 499 108 494 108 DL 504 108
499 108 DL/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.5(#r)72 132 S(emo)82.83 132 Q .3 -.15(ve z)
-.15 H(ero length qf \214les).15 E(for qf)72 144 Q(\214le in qf*)-.25 E(do)72
156 Q(if [ \255r $qf)108 168 Q(\214le ])-.25 E(then)108 180 Q(if [ ! \255s $qf)
144 192 Q(\214le ])-.25 E(then)144 204 Q(echo \255n " <zero: $qf)180 216 Q
(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E(v/console)-.25 E(rm \255f $qf)180 228 Q(\214le)-.25 E
<8c>144 240 Q<8c>108 252 Q(done)72 264 Q 2.5(#r)72 276 S
(ename tf \214les to be qf if the qf does not e)82.83 276 Q(xist)-.15 E(for tf)
72 288 Q(\214le in tf*)-.25 E(do)72 300 Q(qf)108 312 Q(\214le=`echo $tf)-.25 E
(\214le | sed ')-.25 E(s/t/q/'`)-.55 E(if [ \255r $tf)108 324 Q
(\214le \255a ! \255f $qf)-.25 E(\214le ])-.25 E(then)108 336 Q
(echo \255n " <reco)144 348 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(ring: $tf).15 E(\214le>" > /de)
-.25 E(v/console)-.25 E(mv $tf)144 360 Q(\214le $qf)-.25 E(\214le)-.25 E(else)
108 372 Q(echo \255n " <e)144 384 Q(xtra: $tf)-.15 E(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E
(v/console)-.25 E(rm \255f $tf)144 396 Q(\214le)-.25 E<8c>108 408 Q(done)72 420
Q 2.5(#r)72 432 S(emo)82.83 432 Q .3 -.15(ve d)-.15 H 2.5<668c>.15 G
(les with no corresponding qf \214les)128.08 432 Q(for df)72 444 Q
(\214le in df*)-.25 E(do)72 456 Q(qf)108 468 Q(\214le=`echo $df)-.25 E
(\214le | sed ')-.25 E(s/d/q/'`)-.55 E(if [ \255r $df)108 480 Q
(\214le \255a ! \255f $qf)-.25 E(\214le ])-.25 E(then)108 492 Q
(echo \255n " <incomplete: $df)144 504 Q(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E(v/console)-.25 E
(mv $df)144 516 Q(\214le `echo $df)-.25 E(\214le | sed ')-.25 E(s/d/D/'`)-.55 E
<8c>108 528 Q(done)72 540 Q 2.5(#a)72 552 S(nnounce \214les that ha)83.94 552 Q
.3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een sa).15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(dd).15 G(uring disaster reco)
229.32 552 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(ry).15 E(for xf)72 564 Q(\214le in [A-Z]f*)-.25 E
(do)72 576 Q(echo \255n " <panic: $xf)108 588 Q(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E
(v/console)-.25 E(done)72 600 Q(Figure 1 \212 A comple)214.47 624 Q 2.5(xs)-.15
G(tartup script)313.48 624 Q 77 636 72 636 DL 79 636 74 636 DL 84 636 79 636 DL
89 636 84 636 DL 94 636 89 636 DL 99 636 94 636 DL 104 636 99 636 DL 109 636
104 636 DL 114 636 109 636 DL 119 636 114 636 DL 124 636 119 636 DL 129 636 124
636 DL 134 636 129 636 DL 139 636 134 636 DL 144 636 139 636 DL 149 636 144 636
DL 154 636 149 636 DL 159 636 154 636 DL 164 636 159 636 DL 169 636 164 636 DL
174 636 169 636 DL 179 636 174 636 DL 184 636 179 636 DL 189 636 184 636 DL 194
636 189 636 DL 199 636 194 636 DL 204 636 199 636 DL 209 636 204 636 DL 214 636
209 636 DL 219 636 214 636 DL 224 636 219 636 DL 229 636 224 636 DL 234 636 229
636 DL 239 636 234 636 DL 244 636 239 636 DL 249 636 244 636 DL 254 636 249 636
DL 259 636 254 636 DL 264 636 259 636 DL 269 636 264 636 DL 274 636 269 636 DL
279 636 274 636 DL 284 636 279 636 DL 289 636 284 636 DL 294 636 289 636 DL 299
636 294 636 DL 304 636 299 636 DL 309 636 304 636 DL 314 636 309 636 DL 319 636
314 636 DL 324 636 319 636 DL 329 636 324 636 DL 334 636 329 636 DL 339 636 334
636 DL 344 636 339 636 DL 349 636 344 636 DL 354 636 349 636 DL 359 636 354 636
DL 364 636 359 636 DL 369 636 364 636 DL 374 636 369 636 DL 379 636 374 636 DL
384 636 379 636 DL 389 636 384 636 DL 394 636 389 636 DL 399 636 394 636 DL 404
636 399 636 DL 409 636 404 636 DL 414 636 409 636 DL 419 636 414 636 DL 424 636
419 636 DL 429 636 424 636 DL 434 636 429 636 DL 439 636 434 636 DL 444 636 439
636 DL 449 636 444 636 DL 454 636 449 636 DL 459 636 454 636 DL 464 636 459 636
DL 469 636 464 636 DL 474 636 469 636 DL 479 636 474 636 DL 484 636 479 636 DL
489 636 484 636 DL 494 636 489 636 DL 499 636 494 636 DL 504 636 499 636 DL .68
(The tw)142 672 R 3.18(om)-.1 G .68
(ost common lines are logged when a message is processed.)186.59 672 R .68
(The \214rst logs the)5.68 F .376(receipt of a message; there will be e)117 684
R .376(xactly one of these per message.)-.15 F .376(Some \214elds may be omit-)
5.376 F(ted if the)117 696 Q 2.5(yd)-.15 G 2.5(on)164.9 696 S
(ot contain interesting information.)177.4 696 Q(Fields are:)5 E 50.06
(from The)117 712.2 R(en)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.4 G(lope sender address.).15 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-13)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 53.95(size The)117 96 R
(size of the message in bytes.)2.5 E 50.06(class The)117 112.2 R
(class \(i.e., numeric precedence\) of the message.)2.5 E 58.39(pri The)117
128.4 R(initial message priority \(used for queue sorting\).)2.5 E 45.06
(nrcpts The)117 144.6 R 1.514(number of en)4.014 F -.15(ve)-.4 G 1.515
(lope recipients for this message \(after aliasing and for).15 F(-)-.2 E -.1
(wa)189 156.6 S(rding\).).1 E 45.05(msgid The)117 172.8 R
(message id of the message \(from the header\).)2.5 E 48.39(proto The)117 189 R
(protocol used to recei)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.25 H
(his message \(e.g., ESMTP or UUCP\)).15 E 49.51(relay The)117 205.2 R
(machine from which it w)2.5 E(as recei)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(d.).15 E .43
(There is also one line logged per deli)117 221.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .43
(ry attempt \(so there can be se).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .43
(ral per message if deli).15 F(v-)-.25 E
(ery is deferred or there are multiple recipients\).)117 233.4 Q(Fields are:)5
E 61.72(to A)117 249.6 R(comma-separated list of the recipients to this mailer)
2.5 E(.)-.55 E 41.73(ctladdr The)117 265.8 R -.74(``)2.726 G .226
(controlling user').74 F .226
(', that is, the name of the user whose credentials we use)-.74 F(for deli)189
277.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E(.)-.65 E 47.84(delay The)117 294 R 1.303
(total delay between the time this message w)3.804 F 1.303(as recei)-.1 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G 3.803(da).15 G 1.303(nd the time it)447.031 294 R -.1(wa)189 306 S
2.5(sd).1 G(eli)211.95 306 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(red.).15 E 42.84(xdelay The)117
322.2 R .116(amount of time needed in this deli)2.615 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .116
(ry attempt \(normally indicati).15 F .416 -.15(ve o)-.25 H 2.616(ft).15 G(he)
494.56 322.2 Q(speed of the connection\).)189 334.2 Q 43.95(mailer The)117
350.4 R(name of the mailer used to deli)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rt).15 G 2.5
(ot)348.57 350.4 S(his recipient.)358.85 350.4 Q 49.51(relay The)117 366.6 R
(name of the host that actually accepted \(or rejected\) this recipient.)2.5 E
55.61(stat The)117 382.8 R(deli)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry status.).15 E
(Not all \214elds are present in all messages; for e)117 399 Q
(xample, the relay is not listed for local deli)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ries.).15
E F0 2.5(2.1.2. Le)102 423 R -.1(ve)-.15 G(ls).1 E F1 .205(If you ha)142 439.2
R -.15(ve)-.2 G/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(syslo)2.855 E(gd)-.1 E F1 .205
(\(8\) or an equi)1.666 F -.25(va)-.25 G .205
(lent installed, you will be able to do logging.).25 F .204(There is)5.204 F
2.787(al)117 451.2 S(ar)127.007 451.2 Q .287
(ge amount of information that can be logged.)-.18 F .287
(The log is arranged as a succession of le)5.287 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ls.).15 E
.651(At the lo)117 463.2 R .651(west le)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.151(lo).15 G
.651(nly e)201.724 463.2 R .651(xtremely strange situations are logged.)-.15 F
.65(At the highest le)5.651 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .65(l, e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.15
(nt).15 G(he)494.56 463.2 Q .825(most mundane and uninteresting e)117 475.2 R
-.15(ve)-.25 G .825(nts are recorded for posterity).15 F 5.826(.A)-.65 G 3.326
(sac)400.266 475.2 S(on)419.688 475.2 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G .826(ntion, log le).15 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G(ls).15 E .201
(under ten are considered generally \231useful;\232 log le)117 487.2 R -.15(ve)
-.25 G .201(ls abo).15 F .501 -.15(ve 6)-.15 H 2.701(4a).15 G .2(re reserv)
381.57 487.2 R .2(ed for deb)-.15 F .2(ugging pur)-.2 F(-)-.2 E 2.5(poses. Le)
117 499.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ls from 11\25564 are reserv).15 E(ed for v)-.15 E
(erbose information that some sites might w)-.15 E(ant.)-.1 E 2.5(Ac)142 515.4
S(omplete description of the log le)156.16 515.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ls is gi).15
E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ns)340.35 515.4 S(ection 4.6.)351.74 515.4 Q
F0 2.5(2.2. Dumping)87 539.4 R(State)2.5 E F1 -1.1(Yo)127 555.6 S 2.563(uc)1.1
G .063(an ask)150.123 555.6 R F2(sendmail)2.563 E F1 .064
(to log a dump of the open \214les and the connection cache by sending it a)
2.563 F/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(SIGUSR1)102 567.6 Q F1 2.5(signal. The)2.5 F
(results are logged at)2.5 E F3(LOG_DEB)2.5 E(UG)-.09 E F1(priority)2.5 E(.)
-.65 E F0 2.5(2.3. The)87 591.6 R(Mail Queue)2.5 E F1 1.283
(Sometimes a host cannot handle a message immediately)127 607.8 R 6.283(.F)-.65
G 1.283(or e)374.224 607.8 R 1.283(xample, it may be do)-.15 F 1.282(wn or)-.25
F -.15(ove)102 619.8 S .042(rloaded, causing it to refuse connections.).15 F
.043(The sending host is then e)5.043 F .043(xpected to sa)-.15 F .343 -.15
(ve t)-.2 H .043(his message).15 F(in its mail queue and attempt to deli)102
631.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G 2.5(tl)263.26 631.8 S(ater)271.32 631.8 Q
(.)-.55 E .568
(Under normal conditions the mail queue will be processed transparently)127 648
R 5.568(.H)-.65 G -.25(ow)434.764 648 S -2.15 -.25(ev e).25 H 1.368 -.4(r, y)
.25 H .568(ou may).4 F .993(\214nd that manual interv)102 660 R .993
(ention is sometimes necessary)-.15 F 5.993(.F)-.65 G .993(or e)332.711 660 R
.993(xample, if a major host is do)-.15 F .994(wn for a)-.25 F 1.699
(period of time the queue may become clogged.)102 672 R(Although)6.699 E F2
(sendmail)4.199 E F1 1.699(ought to reco)4.199 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.199(rg).15 G
(racefully)468.46 672 Q(when the host comes up, you may \214nd performance una\
cceptably bad in the meantime.)102 684 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-14 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(2.3.1. Printing)102 96 R(the queue)
2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .526
(The contents of the queue can be printed using the)142 112.2 R/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(mailq)3.026 E F1 .526(command \(or by specifying the)3.026 F
F0(\255bp)117 124.2 Q F1(\215ag to)2.5 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(\):)A(mailq)157
140.4 Q 1.673(This will produce a listing of the queue id')117 156.6 R 1.673
(s, the size of the message, the date the message)-.55 F
(entered the queue, and the sender and recipients.)117 168.6 Q F0 2.5(2.3.2. F)
102 192.6 R(or)-.25 E(cing the queue)-.18 E F2(Sendmail)142 208.8 Q F1 1.137
(should run the queue automatically at interv)3.637 F 3.638(als. The)-.25 F
1.138(algorithm is to read and)3.638 F .355
(sort the queue, and then to attempt to process all jobs in order)117 220.8 R
5.355(.W)-.55 G .355(hen it attempts to run the job,)384.37 220.8 R F2
(sendmail)117 232.8 Q F1(\214rst checks to see if the job is lock)2.5 E 2.5
(ed. If)-.1 F(so, it ignores the job)2.5 E(.)-.4 E .338
(There is no attempt to insure that only one queue processor e)142 249 R .338
(xists at an)-.15 F 2.838(yt)-.15 G .339(ime, since there)440.282 249 R .095
(is no guarantee that a job cannot tak)117 261 R 2.595(ef)-.1 G(ore)272.07 261
Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.595(rt).15 G 2.595(op)302.585 261 S .094(rocess \(ho)315.18
261 R(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -.4(r,).15 G F2(sendmail)2.994 E F1 .094
(does include heuris-)2.594 F 1.086
(tics to try to abort jobs that are taking absurd amounts of time; technically)
117 273 R 3.587(,t)-.65 G 1.087(his violates RFC)435.146 273 R .462(821, b)117
285 R .461(ut is blessed by RFC 1123\).)-.2 F .461
(Due to the locking algorithm, it is impossible for one job to)5.461 F 1.086
(freeze the entire queue.)117 297 R(Ho)6.086 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.886
-.4(r, a).15 H 3.586(nu).4 G(ncooperati)279.346 297 Q 1.386 -.15(ve r)-.25 H
1.086(ecipient host or a program recipient that).15 F(ne)117 309 Q -.15(ve)-.25
G 3.351(rr).15 G .851(eturns can accumulate man)145.491 309 R 3.351(yp)-.15 G
.851(rocesses in your system.)269.825 309 R(Unfortunately)5.851 E 3.351(,t)-.65
G .85(here is no com-)439.52 309 R(pletely general w)117 321 Q(ay to solv)-.1 E
2.5(et)-.15 G(his.)234.23 321 Q .082
(In some cases, you may \214nd that a major host going do)142 337.2 R .083
(wn for a couple of days may create)-.25 F 2.925(ap)117 349.2 S(rohibiti)
129.365 349.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .425(ly lar).15 F .425(ge queue.)-.18 F .424
(This will result in)5.425 F F2(sendmail)2.924 E F1 .424
(spending an inordinate amount of time)2.924 F 1.084(sorting the queue.)117
361.2 R 1.084(This situation can be \214x)6.084 F 1.084(ed by mo)-.15 F 1.085
(ving the queue to a temporary place and)-.15 F .023(creating a ne)117 373.2 R
2.523(wq)-.25 G 2.523(ueue. The)182.629 373.2 R .022
(old queue can be run later when the of)2.523 F .022
(fending host returns to service.)-.25 F 1.6 -.8(To d)142 389.4 T 2.5(ot).8 G
(his, it is acceptable to mo)170.09 389.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.15 H
(he entire queue directory:).15 E(cd /v)157 405.6 Q(ar/spool)-.25 E
(mv mqueue omqueue; mkdir mqueue; chmod 700 mqueue)157 417.6 Q -1.1(Yo)117
433.8 S 2.708(us)1.1 G .208(hould then kill the e)139.718 433.8 R .209
(xisting daemon \(since it will still be processing in the old queue direc-)
-.15 F(tory\) and create a ne)117 445.8 Q 2.5(wd)-.25 G(aemon.)213.1 445.8 Q
1.6 -.8(To r)142 462 T(un the old mail queue, run the follo).8 E(wing command:)
-.25 E(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255oQ/v)157 478.2 Q(ar/spool/omqueue \255q)-.25 E
(The)117 494.4 Q F0(\255oQ)2.868 E F1 .367
(\215ag speci\214es an alternate queue directory and the)2.868 F F0<ad71>2.867
E F1 .367(\215ag says to just run e)2.867 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .367(ry job in).15 F
.593(the queue.)117 506.4 R .593(If you ha)5.593 F .893 -.15(ve a t)-.2 H
(endenc).15 E 3.093(yt)-.15 G -2.1 -.25(ow a)263.111 506.4 T .593(rd v).25 F
-.1(oy)-.2 G .593(eurism, you can use the).1 F F0<ad76>3.094 E F1 .594
(\215ag to w)3.094 F .594(atch what is)-.1 F(going on.)117 518.4 Q
(When the queue is \214nally emptied, you can remo)142 534.6 Q .3 -.15(ve t)
-.15 H(he directory:).15 E(rmdir /v)157 550.8 Q(ar/spool/omqueue)-.25 E F0 2.5
(2.4. The)87 579 R(Ser)2.5 E(vice Switch)-.1 E F1 1.416(The implementation of \
certain system services such as host and user name lookup is con-)127 595.2 R
.335(trolled by the service switch.)102 607.2 R .336
(If the host operating system supports such a switch)5.335 F F2(sendmail)2.836
E F1 .336(will use)2.836 F(the nati)102 619.2 Q .3 -.15(ve ve)-.25 H 2.5
(rsion. Ultrix,).15 F(Solaris, and DEC OSF/1 are e)2.5 E
(xamples of such systems.)-.15 E .969(If the underlying operating system does \
not support a service switch \(e.g., SunOS, HP-UX,)127 635.4 R .975(BSD\) then)
102 647.4 R F2(sendmail)3.475 E F1 .975(will pro)3.475 F .975
(vide a stub implementation.)-.15 F(The)5.975 E F0(Ser)3.475 E(viceSwitchFile)
-.1 E F1 .975(option points to)3.475 F .382(the name of a \214le that has the \
service de\214nitions Each line has the name of a service and the possi-)102
659.4 R(ble implementations of that service.)102 671.4 Q -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15
G(xample, the \214le:)270.57 671.4 Q 12.94(hosts dns)142 687.6 R(\214les nis)
2.5 E 6.84(aliases \214les)142 699.6 R(nis)2.5 E .328(will ask)102 715.8 R F2
(sendmail)2.828 E F1 .328(to look for hosts in the Domain Name System \214rst.)
2.828 F .329(If the requested host name is)5.329 F EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-15)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .379
(not found, it tries local \214les, and if that f)102 96 R .379
(ails it tries NIS.)-.1 F(Similarly)5.379 E 2.879(,w)-.65 G .379
(hen looking for aliases it will)385.166 96 R
(try the local \214les \214rst follo)102 108 Q(wed by NIS.)-.25 E 1.269
(Service switches are not completely inte)127 124.2 R 3.769(grated. F)-.15 F
1.269(or e)-.15 F 1.269(xample, despite the f)-.15 F 1.27(act that the host)-.1
F .294(entry listed in the abo)102 136.2 R .594 -.15(ve ex)-.15 H .293
(ample speci\214es to look in NIS, on SunOS this w).15 F(on')-.1 E 2.793(th)
-.18 G .293(appen because the)430.664 136.2 R 1.398(system implementation of)
102 148.2 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.1(ge)3.898 G(thostbyname).1 E F1 1.398
(\(3\) doesn')1.666 F 3.898(tu)-.18 G 1.399(nderstand this.)327.856 148.2 R
1.399(If there is enough demand)6.399 F F2(sendmail)102 160.2 Q F1 .015
(may reimplement)2.515 F F2 -.1(ge)2.515 G(thostbyname).1 E F1(\(3\),)1.666 E
F2 -.1(ge)2.515 G(thostbyaddr).1 E F1(\(3\),)1.666 E F2 -.1(ge)2.515 G(tpwent)
.1 E F1 .014(\(3\), and the other system)1.666 F(routines that w)102 172.2 Q
(ould be necessary to mak)-.1 E 2.5(et)-.1 G(his w)272.05 172.2 Q
(ork seamlessly)-.1 E(.)-.65 E F0 2.5(2.5. The)87 196.2 R(Alias Database)2.5 E
F1 .36(The alias database e)127 212.4 R .36(xists in tw)-.15 F 2.86(of)-.1 G
2.861(orms. One)261.11 212.4 R .361(is a te)2.861 F .361
(xt form, maintained in the \214le)-.15 F F2(/etc/aliases.)2.861 E F1
(The aliases are of the form)102 224.4 Q(name: name1, name2, ...)142 240.6 Q
(Only local names may be aliased; e.g.,)102 256.8 Q(eric@prep.ai.MIT)142 273 Q
(.EDU: eric@CS.Berk)-.74 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E 1.088
(will not ha)102 291.2 R 1.388 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.088(he desired ef).15 F 1.088
(fect \(e)-.25 F 1.088(xcept on prep.ai.MIT)-.15 F 1.088(.EDU, and the)-.74 F
3.588(yp)-.15 G 1.088(robably don')400.868 291.2 R 3.587(tw)-.18 G 1.087
(ant me\))466.643 291.2 R/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(7)498 287.2 Q F1(.)501.5 291.2
Q .561(Aliases may be continued by starting an)102 303.2 R 3.061(yc)-.15 G .561
(ontinuation lines with a space or a tab)277.697 303.2 R 5.562(.B)-.4 G .562
(lank lines and)447.326 303.2 R(lines be)102 315.2 Q
(ginning with a sharp sign \(\231#\232\) are comments.)-.15 E 1.478
(The second form is processed by the)127 333.4 R F2(ndbm)3.978 E F1(\(3\))1.666
E F3(8)321.472 329.4 Q F1(or)328.95 333.4 Q F2(db)3.978 E F1 1.478
(\(3\) library)1.666 F 6.478(.T)-.65 G 1.478(his form is in the \214les)409.66
333.4 R F2(/etc/aliases.dir)102 345.4 Q F1(and)3.028 E F2(/etc/aliases.pa)3.028
E -.15(g.)-.1 G F1 .528(This is the form that)5.678 F F2(sendmail)3.029 E F1
.529(actually uses to resolv)3.029 F 3.029(ea)-.15 G(liases.)479.28 345.4 Q
(This technique is used to impro)102 357.4 Q .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(erformance.)
.15 E(The control of search order is actually set by the service switch.)127
373.6 Q(Essentially)5 E 2.5(,t)-.65 G(he entry)437.96 373.6 Q -.35(OA)142 389.8
S(switch:aliases).35 E .927(is al)102 406 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .927(ys added as the \
\214rst alias entry; also, the \214rst alias \214le name without a class \(e.g\
., without).1 F .268
(\231nis:\232 on the front\) will be used as the name of the \214le for a `)102
418 R(`\214les')-.74 E 2.769('e)-.74 G .269(ntry in the aliases switch.)382.535
418 R -.15(Fo)5.269 G(r).15 E -.15(ex)102 430 S
(ample, if the con\214guration \214le contains).15 E -.35(OA)142 446.2 S
(/etc/aliases).35 E(and the service switch contains)102 462.4 Q 6.84
(aliases nis)142 478.6 R(\214les nisplus)2.5 E 2.449(then aliases will \214rst\
 be searched in the NIS database, then in /etc/aliases, then in the NIS+)102
494.8 R(database.)102 506.8 Q -1.1(Yo)127 523 S 2.5(uc)1.1 G(an also use)150.06
523 Q/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(NIS)2.5 E F1(-based alias \214les.)A -.15(Fo)5 G
2.5(re).15 G(xample, the speci\214cation:)305.069 523 Q -.35(OA)142 539.2 S
(/etc/aliases).35 E -.35(OA)142 551.2 S(nis:mail.aliases@my).35 E(.nis.domain)
-.65 E 1.725(will \214rst search the /etc/aliases \214le and then the map name\
d \231mail.aliases\232 in \231my)102 567.4 R(.nis.domain\232.)-.65 E -.8(Wa)102
579.4 S .59(rning: if you b).8 F .59(uild your o)-.2 F(wn)-.25 E F4(NIS)3.09 E
F1 .589(-based alias \214les, be sure to pro)B .589(vide the)-.15 F F0<ad6c>
3.089 E F1 .589(\215ag to)3.089 F F2(mak)3.089 E(edbm)-.1 E F1(\(8\))A .159
(to map upper case letters in the k)102 591.4 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.659(st).15 G
2.659(ol)253.55 591.4 S -.25(ow)263.989 591.4 S .159
(er case; otherwise, aliases with upper case letters in their).25 F(names w)102
603.4 Q(on')-.1 E 2.5(tm)-.18 G(atch incoming addresses.)163.38 603.4 Q
(Additional \215ags can be added after the colon e)127 619.6 Q(xactly lik)-.15
E 2.5(ea)-.1 G F0(K)A F1(line \212 for e)2.5 E(xample:)-.15 E -.35(OA)142 635.8
S(nis:\255N mail.aliases@my).35 E(.nis.domain)-.65 E
(will search the appropriate NIS map and al)102 652 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G
(ys include null bytes in the k).1 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(.)-.5 E .32 LW 76 665.2 72
665.2 DL 80 665.2 76 665.2 DL 84 665.2 80 665.2 DL 88 665.2 84 665.2 DL 92
665.2 88 665.2 DL 96 665.2 92 665.2 DL 100 665.2 96 665.2 DL 104 665.2 100
665.2 DL 108 665.2 104 665.2 DL 112 665.2 108 665.2 DL 116 665.2 112 665.2 DL
120 665.2 116 665.2 DL 124 665.2 120 665.2 DL 128 665.2 124 665.2 DL 132 665.2
128 665.2 DL 136 665.2 132 665.2 DL 140 665.2 136 665.2 DL 144 665.2 140 665.2
DL 148 665.2 144 665.2 DL 152 665.2 148 665.2 DL 156 665.2 152 665.2 DL 160
665.2 156 665.2 DL 164 665.2 160 665.2 DL 168 665.2 164 665.2 DL 172 665.2 168
665.2 DL 176 665.2 172 665.2 DL 180 665.2 176 665.2 DL 184 665.2 180 665.2 DL
188 665.2 184 665.2 DL 192 665.2 188 665.2 DL 196 665.2 192 665.2 DL 200 665.2
196 665.2 DL 204 665.2 200 665.2 DL 208 665.2 204 665.2 DL 212 665.2 208 665.2
DL 216 665.2 212 665.2 DL/F5 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(7)93.6 675.6 Q/F6 8
/Times-Roman@0 SF(Actually)3.2 I 2(,a)-.52 G .24 -.12(ny m)130.684 678.8 T
(ailer that has the `).12 E 1.776 -.888(A' m)-.64 H(ailer \215ag set will perm\
it aliasing; this is normally limited to the local mailer).888 E(.)-.44 E F5(8)
93.6 689.2 Q F6(The)3.2 I/F7 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(gdbm)2 E F6
(package probably w)2 E(orks as well.)-.08 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-16 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(2.5.1. Reb)102 96 R
(uilding the alias database)-.2 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .542(The DB or DBM v)
142 112.2 R .542(ersion of the database may be reb)-.15 F .542(uilt e)-.2 F
.542(xplicitly by e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .542(cuting the com-).15 F(mand)117
124.2 Q(ne)157 140.4 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E(This is equi)117 156.6 Q -.25
(va)-.25 G(lent to gi).25 E(ving)-.25 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.5 E
F1(the)2.5 E F0(\255bi)2.5 E F1(\215ag:)2.5 E(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255bi)157
172.8 Q 2.29(If the)142 193.2 R F0(Reb)4.79 E(uildAliases)-.2 E F1(\(old)4.79 E
F0(D)4.79 E F1 4.79(\)o)C 2.29(ption is speci\214ed in the con\214guration,)
280.19 193.2 R F2(sendmail)4.79 E F1(will)4.79 E(reb)117 205.2 Q .775
(uild the alias database automatically if possible when it is out of date.)-.2
F(Auto-reb)5.774 E .774(uild can be)-.2 F 1.853(dangerous on hea)117 217.2 R
1.853(vily loaded machines with lar)-.2 F 1.853
(ge alias \214les; if it might tak)-.18 F 4.354(em)-.1 G 1.854(ore than the)
453.082 217.2 R(reb)117 229.2 Q 2.832(uild timeout \(option)-.2 F F0(AliasW)
5.332 E(ait)-.65 E F1 5.332(,o)C(ld)275.538 229.2 Q F0(a)5.332 E F1 5.332(,w)C
2.831(hich is normally \214v)308.702 229.2 R 5.331(em)-.15 G 2.831
(inutes\) to reb)412.657 229.2 R 2.831(uild the)-.2 F
(database, there is a chance that se)117 241.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ral processes will start the reb).15 E(uild process simultaneously)-.2 E(.)
-.65 E 1.77(If you ha)142 257.4 R 2.07 -.15(ve m)-.2 H 1.77
(ultiple aliases databases speci\214ed, the).15 F F0(\255bi)4.27 E F1 1.77
(\215ag reb)4.27 F 1.77(uilds all the database)-.2 F
(types it understands \(for e)117 269.4 Q(xample, it can reb)-.15 E
(uild NDBM databases b)-.2 E(ut not NIS databases\).)-.2 E F0 2.5(2.5.2. P)102
293.4 R(otential pr)-.2 E(oblems)-.18 E F1 1.131
(There are a number of problems that can occur with the alias database.)142
309.6 R(The)6.13 E 3.63(ya)-.15 G 1.13(ll result)472.59 309.6 R 1.103(from a)
117 321.6 R F2(sendmail)3.603 E F1 1.103(process accessing the DBM v)3.603 F
1.103(ersion while it is only partially b)-.15 F 3.604(uilt. This)-.2 F(can)
3.604 E 1.249(happen under tw)117 333.6 R 3.749(oc)-.1 G 1.248
(ircumstances: One process accesses the database while another process is)
199.237 333.6 R(reb)117 345.6 Q .518(uilding it, or the process reb)-.2 F .518
(uilding the database dies \(due to being killed or a system crash\))-.2 F
(before completing the reb)117 357.6 Q(uild.)-.2 E .401
(Sendmail has three techniques to try to relie)142 373.8 R .701 -.15(ve t)-.25
H .401(hese problems.).15 F .4(First, it ignores interrupts)5.401 F .045
(while reb)117 385.8 R .045(uilding the database; this a)-.2 F -.2(vo)-.2 G
.045(ids the problem of someone aborting the process lea).2 F .045(ving a)-.2 F
.177(partially reb)117 397.8 R .177(uilt database.)-.2 F .177
(Second, it locks the database source \214le during the reb)5.177 F .176
(uild \212 b)-.2 F .176(ut that)-.2 F .812(may not w)117 409.8 R .812(ork o)-.1
F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.312(rN).15 G .812(FS or if the \214le is unwritable.)205.388
409.8 R .813(Third, at the end of the reb)5.813 F .813(uild it adds an)-.2 F
(alias of the form)117 421.8 Q(@: @)157 438 Q .336(\(which is not normally le)
117 454.2 R -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.836(l\). Before).05 F F2(sendmail)2.836 E F1 .336
(will access the database, it checks to insure that)2.836 F(this entry e)117
468.2 Q(xists)-.15 E/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(9)179.63 464.2 Q F1(.)183.13 468.2 Q
F0 2.5(2.5.3. List)102 492.2 R -.1(ow)2.5 G(ners).1 E F1 .4
(If an error occurs on sending to a certain address, say \231)142 508.4 R F2(x)
A F1<9a2c>A F2(sendmail)2.901 E F1 .401(will look for an alias)2.901 F .418
(of the form \231o)117 520.4 R(wner)-.25 E(-)-.2 E F2(x)A F1 2.918<9a74>C 2.918
(or)212.632 520.4 S(ecei)223.88 520.4 Q .718 -.15(ve t)-.25 H .418(he errors.)
.15 F .417(This is typically useful for a mailing list where the)5.418 F 1.116
(submitter of the list has no control o)117 532.4 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.617(rt).15
G 1.117(he maintenance of the list itself; in this case the list)288.4 532.4 R
(maintainer w)117 544.4 Q(ould be the o)-.1 E(wner of the list.)-.25 E -.15(Fo)
5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample:)309.38 544.4 Q
(unix-wizards: eric@ucbarpa, wnj@monet, nosuchuser)157 560.6 Q(,)-.4 E
(sam@matisse)193 572.6 Q -.25(ow)157 584.6 S(ner).25 E
(-unix-wizards: unix-wizards-request)-.2 E(unix-wizards-request: eric@ucbarpa)
157 596.6 Q -.1(wo)117 612.8 S 1.959(uld cause \231eric@ucbarpa\232 to get the\
 error that will occur when someone sends to unix-).1 F
(wizards due to the inclusion of \231nosuchuser\232 on the list.)117 624.8 Q
.958(List o)142 641 R .958(wners also cause the en)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .959
(lope sender address to be modi\214ed.).15 F .959(The contents of the)5.959 F
-.25(ow)117 653 S .429(ner alias are used if the).25 F 2.929(yp)-.15 G .429
(oint to a single user)236.364 653 R 2.928(,o)-.4 G .428
(therwise the name of the alias itself is used.)326.436 653 R -.15(Fo)117 665 S
3.454(rt).15 G .954(his reason, and to obe)136.974 665 R 3.454(yI)-.15 G .954
(nternet con)239.354 665 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .954(ntions, the \231o).15 F(wner)-.25
E .955(-\232 address normally points at the)-.2 F .504(\231-request\232 addres\
s; this causes messages to go out with the typical Internet con)117 677 R -.15
(ve)-.4 G .503(ntion of using).15 F .32 LW 76 686.6 72 686.6 DL 80 686.6 76
686.6 DL 84 686.6 80 686.6 DL 88 686.6 84 686.6 DL 92 686.6 88 686.6 DL 96
686.6 92 686.6 DL 100 686.6 96 686.6 DL 104 686.6 100 686.6 DL 108 686.6 104
686.6 DL 112 686.6 108 686.6 DL 116 686.6 112 686.6 DL 120 686.6 116 686.6 DL
124 686.6 120 686.6 DL 128 686.6 124 686.6 DL 132 686.6 128 686.6 DL 136 686.6
132 686.6 DL 140 686.6 136 686.6 DL 144 686.6 140 686.6 DL 148 686.6 144 686.6
DL 152 686.6 148 686.6 DL 156 686.6 152 686.6 DL 160 686.6 156 686.6 DL 164
686.6 160 686.6 DL 168 686.6 164 686.6 DL 172 686.6 168 686.6 DL 176 686.6 172
686.6 DL 180 686.6 176 686.6 DL 184 686.6 180 686.6 DL 188 686.6 184 686.6 DL
192 686.6 188 686.6 DL 196 686.6 192 686.6 DL 200 686.6 196 686.6 DL 204 686.6
200 686.6 DL 208 686.6 204 686.6 DL 212 686.6 208 686.6 DL 216 686.6 212 686.6
DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(9)93.6 697 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(The)3.2 I/F6 8
/Times-Bold@0 SF(AliasW)2 E(ait)-.52 E F5
(option is required in the con\214guration for this action to occur)2 E 4(.T)
-.44 G(his should normally be speci\214ed.)352.228 700.2 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-17)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.74(``)117 96 S/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(list).74 E F1(-request')A 2.5('a)-.74 G 2.5(st)180.22 96 S
(he return address.)189.39 96 Q F0 2.5(2.6. User)87 120 R(Inf)2.5 E
(ormation Database)-.25 E F1 1.059(If you ha)127 136.2 R 1.359 -.15(ve a ve)-.2
H 1.059(rsion of).15 F F2(sendmail)3.559 E F1 1.06
(with the user information database compiled in, and you)3.559 F(ha)102 148.2 Q
2.206 -.15(ve s)-.2 H 1.906(peci\214ed one or more databases using the).15 F F0
(U)4.406 E F1 1.905(option, the databases will be searched for a)4.406 F F2
(user)102 160.2 Q F1(:maildrop entry)A 5(.I)-.65 G 2.5(ff)191.34 160.2 S
(ound, the mail will be sent to the speci\214ed address.)200.5 160.2 Q F0 2.5
(2.7. P)87 184.2 R(er)-.2 E(-User F)-.37 E(orwarding \(.f)-.25 E
(orward Files\))-.25 E F1 .12(As an alternati)127 200.4 R .42 -.15(ve t)-.25 H
2.62(ot).15 G .12(he alias database, an)210.4 200.4 R 2.62(yu)-.15 G .121
(ser may put a \214le with the name \231.forw)304.87 200.4 R .121
(ard\232 in his)-.1 F .205(or her home directory)102 212.4 R 5.205(.I)-.65 G
2.705(ft)199.92 212.4 S .205(his \214le e)208.735 212.4 R(xists,)-.15 E F2
(sendmail)2.705 E F1 .205
(redirects mail for that user to the list of addresses)2.705 F .908
(listed in the .forw)102 224.4 R .908(ard \214le.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)5.908 G 3.408
(re).15 G .908
(xample, if the home directory for user \231mckusick\232 has a .forw)233.978
224.4 R(ard)-.1 E(\214le with contents:)102 236.4 Q(mckusick@ernie)142 252.6 Q
(kirk@calder)142 264.6 Q(then an)102 280.8 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G(ail arri)146.29
280.8 Q
(ving for \231mckusick\232 will be redirected to the speci\214ed accounts.)-.25
E(Actually)127 297 Q 3.375(,t)-.65 G .874
(he con\214guration \214le de\214nes a sequence of \214lenames to check.)
169.445 297 R .874(By def)5.874 F .874(ault, this is)-.1 F .687(the user')102
309 R 3.187(s.)-.55 G(forw)146.424 309 Q .687(ard \214le, b)-.1 F .687
(ut can be de\214ned to be more generally using the)-.2 F F0(J)3.187 E F1 3.188
(option. If)3.188 F .688(you change)3.188 F .393(this, you will ha)102 321 R
.693 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.893(oi).15 G .393
(nform your user base of the change; .forw)193.065 321 R .393
(ard is pretty well incorporated into)-.1 F(the collecti)102 333 Q .3 -.15
(ve s)-.25 H(ubconscious.).15 E F0 2.5(2.8. Special)87 357 R(Header Lines)2.5 E
F1(Se)127 373.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.897(ral header lines ha).15 F 2.197 -.15
(ve s)-.2 H 1.897
(pecial interpretations de\214ned by the con\214guration \214le.).15 F(Others)
6.898 E(ha)102 385.2 Q 1.206 -.15(ve i)-.2 H .906(nterpretations b).15 F .906
(uilt into)-.2 F F2(sendmail)3.406 E F1 .905
(that cannot be changed without changing the code.)3.406 F(These)5.905 E -.2
(bu)102 397.2 S(iltins are described here.).2 E F0 2.5(2.8.1. Err)102 421.2 R
(ors-T)-.18 E(o:)-.92 E F1 .22(If errors occur an)142 437.4 R .22
(ywhere during processing, this header will cause error messages to go to)-.15
F(the listed addresses.)117 449.4 Q(This is intended for mailing lists.)5 E
.385(The Errors-T)142 465.6 R .385(o: header w)-.8 F .384
(as created in the bad old days when UUCP didn')-.1 F 2.884(tu)-.18 G .384
(nderstand the)450.016 465.6 R .889(distinction between an en)117 477.6 R -.15
(ve)-.4 G .889(lope and a header; this w).15 F .889(as a hack to pro)-.1 F .89
(vide what should no)-.15 F 3.39(wb)-.25 G(e)499.56 477.6 Q .81
(passed as the en)117 489.6 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .81(lope sender address.).15 F .809
(It should go a)5.81 F -.1(wa)-.15 G 4.609 -.65(y. I).1 H 3.309(ti).65 G 3.309
(so)374.125 489.6 S .809(nly used if the)386.324 489.6 R F0(UseErr)3.309 E
(orsT)-.18 E(o)-.92 E F1(option is set.)117 501.6 Q(The Errors-T)142 517.8 Q
(o: header is of)-.8 E(\214cial deprecated and will go a)-.25 E -.1(wa)-.15 G
2.5(yi).1 G 2.5(naf)392.3 517.8 S(uture release.)410.07 517.8 Q F0 2.5
(2.8.2. A)102 541.8 R(ppar)-.25 E(ently-T)-.18 E(o:)-.92 E F1 .044
(RFC 822 requires at least one recipient \214eld \(T)142 558 R .045
(o:, Cc:, or Bcc: line\) in e)-.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .045(ry message.).15 F .045
(If a)5.045 F .562
(message comes in with no recipients listed in the message then)117 570 R F2
(sendmail)3.062 E F1 .562(will adjust the header)3.062 F .085
(based on the \231NoRecipientAction\232 option.)117 582 R .085
(One of the possible actions is to add an \231)5.085 F(Apparently-)-.8 E -.8
(To)117 594 S .08(:\232 header line for an).8 F 2.58(yr)-.15 G .08
(ecipients it is a)218.36 594 R -.1(wa)-.15 G .08(re of.).1 F .08
(This is not put in as a standard recipient line to)5.08 F -.1(wa)117 606 S
(rn an).1 E 2.5(yr)-.15 G(ecipients that the list is not complete.)159.51 606 Q
(The Apparently-T)142 622.2 Q(o: header is non-standard and is deprecated.)-.8
E F0 2.5(2.8.3. Pr)102 646.2 R(ecedence)-.18 E F1 .425
(The Precedence: header can be used as a crude control of message priority)142
662.4 R 5.425(.I)-.65 G 2.925(tt)455.38 662.4 S .425(weaks the)463.865 662.4 R
(sort order in the queue and can be con\214gured to change the message timeout\
 v)117 674.4 Q(alues.)-.25 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-18 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(2.9. IDENT)87 96 R(Pr)2.5 E
(otocol Support)-.18 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Sendmail)127 112.2 Q/F2 10
/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.835(supports the IDENT protocol as de\214ned in RFC 1413.)
4.335 F 1.835(Although this enhances)6.835 F .289
(identi\214cation of the author of an email message by doing a `)102 124.2 R
.29(`call back')-.74 F 2.79('t)-.74 G 2.79(ot)396.17 124.2 S .29
(he originating system to)406.74 124.2 R .469(include the o)102 136.2 R .469(w\
ner of a particular TCP connection in the audit trail it is in no sense perfec\
t; a deter)-.25 F(-)-.2 E 1.293(mined for)102 148.2 R 1.294
(ger can easily spoof the IDENT protocol.)-.18 F 1.294(The follo)6.294 F 1.294
(wing description is e)-.25 F 1.294(xcerpted from)-.15 F(RFC 1413:)102 160.2 Q
2.5(6. Security)127 176.4 R(Considerations)2.5 E .006
(The information returned by this protocol is at most as trustw)127 192.6 R
(orth)-.1 E 2.505(ya)-.05 G 2.505(st)400.505 192.6 S .005(he host pro)409.68
192.6 R .005(viding it OR)-.15 F .273(the or)127 204.6 R -.05(ga)-.18 G .273
(nization operating the host.).05 F -.15(Fo)5.273 G 2.773(re).15 G .274
(xample, a PC in an open lab has fe)295.308 204.6 R 2.774(wi)-.25 G 2.774(fa)
448.612 204.6 S .574 -.15(ny c)459.156 204.6 T(ontrols).15 E .987(on it to pre)
127 216.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .986(nt a user from ha).15 F .986
(ving this protocol return an)-.2 F 3.486(yi)-.15 G .986
(denti\214er the user w)378.056 216.6 R 3.486(ants. Lik)-.1 F(e-)-.1 E 1.441(w\
ise, if the host has been compromised the information returned may be complete\
ly erro-)127 228.6 R(neous and misleading.)127 240.6 Q .521(The Identi\214cati\
on Protocol is not intended as an authorization or access control protocol.)127
256.8 R(At)5.52 E 1.036(best, it pro)127 268.8 R 1.037
(vides some additional auditing information with respect to TCP connections.)
-.15 F(At)6.037 E -.1(wo)127 280.8 S(rst, it can pro).1 E
(vide misleading, incorrect, or maliciously incorrect information.)-.15 E 1.006
(The use of the information returned by this protocol for other than auditing \
is strongly dis-)127 297 R 2.697(couraged. Speci\214cally)127 309 R 2.697(,u)
-.65 G .197(sing Identi\214cation Protocol information to mak)228.114 309 R
2.697(ea)-.1 G .197(ccess control deci-)429.186 309 R .514(sions - either as t\
he primary method \(i.e., no other checks\) or as an adjunct to other methods)
127 321 R(may result in a weak)127 333 Q(ening of normal host security)-.1 E(.)
-.65 E 1.778(An Identi\214cation serv)127 349.2 R 1.778(er may re)-.15 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G 1.778(al information about users, entities, objects or processes).15
F .337(which might normally be considered pri)127 361.2 R -.25(va)-.25 G 2.836
(te. An).25 F .336(Identi\214cation serv)2.836 F .336(er pro)-.15 F .336
(vides service which)-.15 F .806
(is a rough analog of the CallerID services pro)127 373.2 R .806
(vided by some phone companies and man)-.15 F 3.306(yo)-.15 G(f)500.67 373.2 Q
1.398(the same pri)127 385.2 R -.25(va)-.25 G 1.698 -.15(cy c).25 H 1.398
(onsiderations and ar).15 F 1.398
(guments that apply to the CallerID service apply to)-.18 F 3.545
(Identi\214cation. If)127 397.2 R 1.045(you w)3.545 F(ouldn')-.1 E 3.545(tr)
-.18 G 1.045(un a "\214nger" serv)260.33 397.2 R 1.046(er due to pri)-.15 F
-.25(va)-.25 G 1.346 -.15(cy c).25 H 1.046(onsiderations you may).15 F(not w)
127 409.2 Q(ant to run this protocol.)-.1 E .377
(In some cases your system may not w)102 425.4 R .377
(ork properly with IDENT support due to a b)-.1 F .376(ug in the TCP/IP)-.2 F
3.675(implementation. The)102 437.4 R 1.175
(symptoms will be that for some hosts the SMTP connection will be closed)3.675
F .566(almost immediately)102 449.4 R 5.566(.I)-.65 G 3.066(ft)192.482 449.4 S
.565(his is true or if you do not w)201.658 449.4 R .565(ant to use IDENT)-.1 F
3.065(,y)-.74 G .565(ou should set the IDENT)401.75 449.4 R
(timeout to zero; this will disable the IDENT protocol.)102 461.4 Q F0 2.5
(3. ARGUMENTS)72 485.4 R F2 .017(The complete list of ar)112 501.6 R .017
(guments to)-.18 F F1(sendmail)2.517 E F2 .017
(is described in detail in Appendix A.)2.517 F .018(Some important)5.018 F(ar)
87 513.6 Q(guments are described here.)-.18 E F0 2.5(3.1. Queue)87 537.6 R
(Inter)2.5 E -.1(va)-.1 G(l).1 E F2 .455(The amount of time between forking a \
process to run through the queue is de\214ned by the)127 553.8 R F0<ad71>2.955
E F2 2.675(\215ag. If)102 565.8 R .175(you run with deli)2.675 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
.175(ry mode set to).15 F F0(i)2.675 E F2(or)2.675 E F0(b)2.675 E F2 .176
(this can be relati)2.675 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .176(ly lar).15 F .176
(ge, since it will only be rel-)-.18 F -.25(eva)102 577.8 S .207
(nt when a host that w).25 F .207(as do)-.1 F .207(wn comes back up.)-.25 F
.206(If you run in)5.207 F F0(q)2.706 E F2 .206(mode it should be relati)2.706
F -.15(ve)-.25 G .206(ly short,).15 F 1.039(since it de\214nes the maximum amo\
unt of time that a message may sit in the queue.)102 589.8 R 1.039
(\(See also the)6.039 F(MinQueueAge option.\))102 601.8 Q 1.336
(RFC 1123 section 5.3.1.1 says that this v)127 618 R 1.335
(alue should be at least 30 minutes \(although that)-.25 F(probably doesn')102
630 Q 2.5(tm)-.18 G(ak)179.59 630 Q 2.5(es)-.1 G(ense if you use `)199.76 630 Q
(`queue-only')-.74 E 2.5('m)-.74 G(ode\).)329.08 630 Q F0 2.5(3.2. Daemon)87
654 R(Mode)2.5 E F2 .084(If you allo)127 670.2 R 2.584(wi)-.25 G .084
(ncoming mail o)181.162 670.2 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.585(ra).15 G 2.585(nI)263.605
670.2 S .085(PC connection, you should ha)274.52 670.2 R .385 -.15(ve a d)-.2 H
.085(aemon running.).15 F(This)5.085 E .07(should be set by your)102 682.2 R F1
(/etc/r)2.57 E(c)-.37 E F2 .07(\214le using the)2.57 F F0(\255bd)2.57 E F2
2.569(\215ag. The)2.57 F F0(\255bd)2.569 E F2 .069(\215ag and the)2.569 F F0
<ad71>2.569 E F2 .069(\215ag may be combined)2.569 F(in one call:)102 694.2 Q
(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255bd \255q30m)142 710.4 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-19)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .292(An alternati)127 96 R .592
-.15(ve a)-.25 H .292(pproach is to in).15 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .493 -.1(ke s).2 H
.293(endmail from).1 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(inetd)2.793 E F1 .293
(\(8\) \(use the)B F0(\255bs)2.793 E F1 .293(\215ag to ask sendmail)2.793 F
.255(to speak SMTP on its standard input and output\).)102 108 R .255(This w)
5.255 F .255(orks and allo)-.1 F .255(ws you to wrap)-.25 F F2(sendmail)2.755 E
F1 .255(in a)2.755 F 1.39(TCP wrapper program, b)102 120 R 1.39
(ut may be a bit slo)-.2 F 1.39
(wer since the con\214guration \214le has to be re-read on)-.25 F -2.15 -.25
(ev e)102 132 T .556(ry message that comes in.).25 F .556
(If you do this, you still need to ha)5.556 F .856 -.15(ve a)-.2 H F2(sendmail)
3.206 E F1 .555(running to \215ush the)3.055 F(queue:)102 144 Q
(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255q30m)142 160.2 Q F0 2.5(3.3. F)87 188.4 R(or)-.25 E
(cing the Queue)-.18 E F1 .04(In some cases you may \214nd that the queue has \
gotten clogged for some reason.)127 204.6 R -1.1(Yo)5.04 G 2.54(uc)1.1 G .04
(an force)471.48 204.6 R 3.185(aq)102 216.6 S .685(ueue run using the)114.625
216.6 R F0<ad71>3.184 E F1 .684(\215ag \(with no v)3.184 F 3.184(alue\). It)
-.25 F .684(is entertaining to use the)3.184 F F0<ad76>3.184 E F1 .684
(\215ag \(v)3.184 F .684(erbose\) when)-.15 F(this is done to w)102 228.6 Q
(atch what happens:)-.1 E(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255q \255v)142 244.8 Q -1.1(Yo)
127 265.2 S 4.004(uc)1.1 G 1.504
(an also limit the jobs to those with a particular queue identi\214er)151.564
265.2 R 4.004(,s)-.4 G(ender)428.362 265.2 Q 4.004(,o)-.4 G 4.004(rr)461.676
265.2 S(ecipient)472.34 265.2 Q .687(using one of the queue modi\214ers.)102
277.2 R -.15(Fo)5.687 G 3.187(re).15 G .687(xample, \231\255qRberk)265.659
277.2 R(ele)-.1 E .686(y\232 restricts the queue run to jobs that)-.15 F(ha)102
289.2 Q .525 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .225(he string \231berk).15 F(ele)-.1 E .225
(y\232 some)-.15 F .225(where in one of the recipient addresses.)-.25 F
(Similarly)5.226 E 2.726<2c99>-.65 G .226(\255qSstring\232 lim-)441.184 289.2 R
(its the run to particular senders and \231\255qIstring\232 limits it to parti\
cular queue identi\214ers.)102 301.2 Q F0 2.5(3.4. Deb)87 325.2 R(ugging)-.2 E
F1 1.365(There are a f)127 341.4 R 1.365(airly lar)-.1 F 1.365
(ge number of deb)-.18 F 1.365(ug \215ags b)-.2 F 1.365(uilt into)-.2 F F2
(sendmail)3.865 E F1 6.365(.E)C 1.365(ach deb)417.65 341.4 R 1.365
(ug \215ag has a)-.2 F 1.116(number and a le)102 353.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.116
(l, where higher le).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.116
(ls means to print out more information.).15 F 1.116(The con)6.116 F -.15(ve)
-.4 G 1.116(ntion is).15 F .294(that le)102 365.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .294
(ls greater than nine are \231absurd,).15 F 2.794<9a69>-.7 G .294(.e., the)
274.018 365.4 R 2.794(yp)-.15 G .293(rint out so much information that you w)
313.616 365.4 R(ouldn')-.1 E(t)-.18 E .691(normally w)102 377.4 R .692
(ant to see them e)-.1 F .692(xcept for deb)-.15 F .692
(ugging that particular piece of code.)-.2 F(Deb)5.692 E .692
(ug \215ags are set)-.2 F(using the)102 389.4 Q F0<ad64>2.5 E F1
(option; the syntax is:)2.5 E(deb)142 405.6 Q(ug-\215ag:)-.2 E F0<ad64>200.13
405.6 Q F1(deb)2.5 E(ug-list)-.2 E(deb)142 417.6 Q 13.05(ug-list: deb)-.2 F
(ug-option [ , deb)-.2 E(ug-option ]*)-.2 E(deb)142 429.6 Q -.28
(ug-option: deb)-.2 F(ug-range [ . deb)-.2 E(ug-le)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l])
.15 G(deb)142 441.6 Q 3.07(ug-range: inte)-.2 F(ger | inte)-.15 E
(ger \255 inte)-.15 E(ger)-.15 E(deb)142 453.6 Q(ug-le)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
6.24(l: inte).15 F(ger)-.15 E(where spaces are for reading ease only)102 469.8
Q 5(.F)-.65 G(or e)268.64 469.8 Q(xample,)-.15 E 34.99(\255d12 Set)142 486 R
(\215ag 12 to le)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l1).15 G 27.49(\255d12.3 Set)142 498
R(\215ag 12 to le)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l3).15 G 24.35(\255d3\25517 Set)142
510 R(\215ags 3 through 17 to le)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l1).15 G 16.85
(\255d3\25517.4 Set)142 522 R(\215ags 3 through 17 to le)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
2.5(l4).15 G -.15(Fo)102 538.2 S 4.066(rac).15 G 1.566(omplete list of the a)
132.752 538.2 R -.25(va)-.2 G 1.565(ilable deb).25 F 1.565
(ug \215ags you will ha)-.2 F 1.865 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 4.065(ol).15 G 1.565
(ook at the code \(the)380.9 538.2 R 4.065(ya)-.15 G 1.565(re too)479.385 538.2
R(dynamic to k)102 550.2 Q(eep this documentation up to date\).)-.1 E F0 2.5
(3.5. Changing)87 574.2 R(the V)2.5 E(alues of Options)-.92 E F1
(Options can be o)127 590.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(rridden using the).15 E F0<ad6f>
2.5 E F1(or)2.5 E F0<ad4f>2.5 E F1(command line \215ags.)2.5 E -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5
(re).15 G(xample,)420.27 590.4 Q(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255oT2m)142 606.6 Q .02
(sets the)102 622.8 R F0(T)2.52 E F1 .02(\(timeout\) option to tw)2.52 F 2.52
(om)-.1 G .021(inutes for this run only; the equi)246.77 622.8 R -.25(va)-.25 G
.021(lent line using the long option).25 F(name is)102 634.8 Q
(/usr/sbin/sendmail -OQueueT)142 651 Q(imeout=2m)-.35 E .72(Some options ha)127
671.4 R 1.02 -.15(ve s)-.2 H .72(ecurity implications.).15 F .72(Sendmail allo)
5.72 F .72(ws you to set these, b)-.25 F .72(ut relinquishes)-.2 F EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-20 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(its setuid root permissions thereafter)102 98 Q/F2 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(10)
247.54 94 Q F1(.)254.54 98 Q F0 2.5(3.6. T)87 122 R(rying a Differ)-.74 E
(ent Con\214guration File)-.18 E F1(An alternati)127 138.2 Q .3 -.15(ve c)-.25
H(on\214guration \214le can be speci\214ed using the).15 E F0<ad43>2.5 E F1
(\215ag; for e)2.5 E(xample,)-.15 E
(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255Ctest.cf \255oQ/tmp/mqueue)142 154.4 Q .429
(uses the con\214guration \214le)102 170.6 R/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(test.cf)
2.928 E F1 .428(instead of the def)2.928 F(ault)-.1 E F3(/etc/sendmail.cf)2.928
E(.)-.15 E F1 .428(If the)5.428 F F0<ad43>2.928 E F1 .428(\215ag has no v)2.928
F(alue)-.25 E(it def)102 182.6 Q(aults to)-.1 E F3(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1
(in the current directory)2.5 E(.)-.65 E F3(Sendmail)127 198.8 Q F1(gi)2.679 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.679(su).15 G 2.679(pi)195.288 198.8 S .18
(ts setuid root permissions when you use this \215ag, so it is common to use a)
205.747 198.8 R .069(publicly writable directory \(such as /tmp\) as the spool\
 directory \(QueueDirectory or Q option\) while)102 210.8 R(testing.)102 222.8
Q F0 2.5(3.7. Logging)87 246.8 R -.74(Tr)2.5 G(af\214c).74 E F1(Man)127 263 Q
3.254(yS)-.15 G .754(MTP implementations do not fully implement the protocol.)
158.994 263 R -.15(Fo)5.754 G 3.254(re).15 G .755(xample, some per)428.54 263 R
(-)-.2 E 1.178(sonal computer based SMTPs do not understand continuation lines\
 in reply codes.)102 275 R 1.177(These can be)6.178 F -.15(ve)102 287 S .13
(ry hard to trace.).15 F .13(If you suspect such a problem, you can set traf)
5.13 F .13(\214c logging using the)-.25 F F0<ad58>2.63 E F1 2.63(\215ag. F)2.63
F(or)-.15 E -.15(ex)102 299 S(ample,).15 E(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255X /tmp/traf)
142 315.2 Q(\214c \255bd)-.25 E(will log all traf)102 331.4 Q
(\214c in the \214le)-.25 E F3(/tmp/tr)2.5 E(af)-.15 E<8c63>-.18 E F1(.)A .998
(This logs a lot of data v)127 347.6 R .997(ery quickly and should)-.15 F F0
(NEVER)3.497 E F1 .997(be used during normal operations.)3.497 F .962(After st\
arting up such a daemon, force the errant implementation to send a message to \
your host.)102 359.6 R .609(All message traf)102 371.6 R .609
(\214c in and out of)-.25 F F3(sendmail)3.109 E F1 3.109(,i)C .609
(ncluding the incoming SMTP traf)281.882 371.6 R .608(\214c, will be logged in)
-.25 F(this \214le.)102 383.6 Q F0 2.5(3.8. T)87 407.6 R
(esting Con\214guration Files)-.92 E F1 .643(When you b)127 423.8 R .644(uild \
a con\214guration table, you can do a certain amount of testing using the \231\
test)-.2 F(mode\232 of)102 435.8 Q F3(sendmail)2.5 E F1 5(.F)C(or e)191.01
435.8 Q(xample, you could in)-.15 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G F3(sendmail)2.6 E
F1(as:)2.5 E(sendmail \255bt \255Ctest.cf)142 452 Q .448(which w)102 468.2 R
.448(ould read the con\214guration \214le \231test.cf\232 and enter test mode.)
-.1 F .447(In this mode, you enter lines)5.447 F(of the form:)102 480.2 Q
(rwset address)142 496.4 Q(where)102 512.6 Q F3(rwset)3.006 E F1 .506
(is the re)3.006 F .506(writing set you w)-.25 F .506(ant to use and)-.1 F F3
(addr)3.007 E(ess)-.37 E F1 .507(is an address to apply the set to.)3.007 F -.7
(Te)5.507 G(st).7 E .794(mode sho)102 524.6 R .794(ws you the steps it tak)-.25
F .794(es as it proceeds, \214nally sho)-.1 F .794
(wing you the address it ends up with.)-.25 F -1.1(Yo)102 536.6 S 3.331(um)1.1
G .832(ay use a comma separated list of rwsets for sequential application of r\
ules to an input.)129.231 536.6 R -.15(Fo)5.832 G(r).15 E -.15(ex)102 548.6 S
(ample:).15 E(3,1,21,4 monet:bollard)142 564.8 Q .622
(\214rst applies ruleset three to the input \231monet:bollard.)102 581 R 5.622
<9a52>-.7 G .622(uleset one is then applied to the output of)334.036 581 R
(ruleset three, follo)102 593 Q(wed similarly by rulesets twenty-one and four)
-.25 E(.)-.55 E 1.084(If you need more detail, you can also use the \231\255d2\
1\232 \215ag to turn on more deb)127 609.2 R 3.585(ugging. F)-.2 F(or)-.15 E
-.15(ex)102 621.2 S(ample,).15 E(sendmail \255bt \255d21.99)142 637.4 Q .689
(turns on an incredible amount of information; a single w)102 653.6 R .688
(ord address is probably going to print out)-.1 F(se)102 665.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ral pages w).15 E(orth of information.)-.1 E .32 LW 76 678.8 72 678.8 DL 80
678.8 76 678.8 DL 84 678.8 80 678.8 DL 88 678.8 84 678.8 DL 92 678.8 88 678.8
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678.8 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(10)93.6 689.2 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .497
(That is, it sets its ef)3.2 J(fecti)-.2 E .737 -.12(ve u)-.2 H .497
(id to the real uid; thus, if you are e).12 F -.12(xe)-.12 G .497
(cuting as root, as from root').12 F 2.497(sc)-.44 G .497
(rontab \214le or during system)413.572 692.4 R
(startup the root permissions will still be honored.)72 702 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-21)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -1.1(Yo)127 96 S 2.574(us)1.1 G
.074(hould be w)149.584 96 R .074(arned that internally)-.1 F(,)-.65 E/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.575 E F1 .075
(applies ruleset 3 to all addresses.)2.575 F .075(In test mode)5.075 F
(you will ha)102 108 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.5(od).15 G 2.5(ot)173.87 108 S
(hat manually)184.15 108 Q 5(.F)-.65 G(or e)248.35 108 Q(xample, older v)-.15 E
(ersions allo)-.15 E(wed you to use)-.25 E 2.5(0b)142 124.2 S
(ruce@broadcast.son)154.5 124.2 Q -.65(y.)-.15 G(com).65 E(This v)102 140.4 Q
(ersion requires that you use:)-.15 E(3,0 bruce@broadcast.son)142 156.6 Q -.65
(y.)-.15 G(com).65 E(As of v)127 177 Q(ersion 8.7, some other syntax)-.15 E
(es are a)-.15 E -.25(va)-.2 G(ilable in test mode:).25 E 5<832e>107 193.2 S
1.666(Dxv)118 193.2 S .328(alue de\214nes macro)-1.916 F F2(x)2.828 E F1 .328
(to ha)2.828 F .628 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .328(he indicated).15 F F2(value)2.828 E F1
5.328(.T)C .328(his is useful when deb)346.134 193.2 R .327(ugging rules that)
-.2 F(use the)115.5 205.2 Q F0($&)2.5 E F2(x)A F1(syntax.)2.5 E 5<832e>107
217.2 S 1.666(Ccv)118 217.2 S(alue adds the indicated)-1.916 E F2(value)2.5 E
F1(to class)2.5 E F2(c)2.5 E F1(.)A 5<832e>107 229.2 S 1.666(Sr)118 229.2 S
(uleset dumps the contents of the indicated ruleset.)-1.666 E 5<83ad>107 241.2
S 1.666(dd)121.14 241.2 S(eb)-1.666 E(ug-spec is equi)-.2 E -.25(va)-.25 G
(lent to the command-line \215ag.).25 E F0 2.5(4. TUNING)72 265.2 R F1 1.922
(There are a number of con\214guration parameters you may w)112 281.4 R 1.922
(ant to change, depending on the)-.1 F .367(requirements of your site.)87 293.4
R .366(Most of these are set using an option in the con\214guration \214le.)
5.367 F -.15(Fo)5.366 G 2.866(re).15 G(xample,)472.06 293.4 Q(the line \231O T)
87 305.4 Q(imeout.queuereturn=5d\232 sets option \231T)-.35 E
(imeout.queuereturn\232 to the v)-.35 E(alue \2315d\232 \(\214v)-.25 E 2.5(ed)
-.15 G(ays\).)476.47 305.4 Q .735(Most of these options ha)112 321.6 R 1.035
-.15(ve a)-.2 H .735(ppropriate def).15 F .735(aults for most sites.)-.1 F(Ho)
5.735 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.535 -.4(r, s).15 H .735(ites ha).4 F .735
(ving v)-.2 F .735(ery high)-.15 F .046(mail loads may \214nd the)87 333.6 R
2.546(yn)-.15 G .046(eed to tune them as appropriate for their mail load.)
193.47 333.6 R .045(In particular)5.045 F 2.545(,s)-.4 G .045(ites e)459.395
333.6 R(xperi-)-.15 E 1.087(encing a lar)87 345.6 R 1.087
(ge number of small messages, man)-.18 F 3.587(yo)-.15 G 3.588(fw)294.496 345.6
S 1.088(hich are deli)308.634 345.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.088(red to man).15 F
3.588(yr)-.15 G 1.088(ecipients, may \214nd)425.994 345.6 R(that the)87 357.6 Q
2.5(yn)-.15 G(eed to adjust the parameters dealing with queue priorities.)
129.07 357.6 Q .524(All v)112 373.8 R .524(ersions of)-.15 F F2(sendmail)3.024
E F1 .524(prior to 8.7 had single character option names.)3.024 F .523
(As of 8.7, options ha)5.524 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.215
(long \(multi-character names\).)87 385.8 R 1.216
(Although old short names are still accepted, most ne)6.215 F 3.716(wo)-.25 G
1.216(ptions do not)449.338 385.8 R(ha)87 397.8 Q .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H(hort equi)
.15 E -.25(va)-.25 G(lents.).25 E .802
(This section only describes the options you are most lik)112 414 R .802
(ely to w)-.1 F .801(ant to tweak; read section 5 for)-.1 F(more details.)87
426 Q F0 2.5(4.1. T)87 450 R(imeouts)-.18 E F1 .582(All time interv)127 466.2 R
.583(als are set using a scaled syntax.)-.25 F -.15(Fo)5.583 G 3.083(re).15 G
.583(xample, \23110m\232 represents ten minutes,)346.138 466.2 R
(whereas \2312h30m\232 represents tw)102 478.2 Q 2.5(oa)-.1 G(nd a half hours.)
241.3 478.2 Q(The full set of scales is:)5 E 16.11(ss)142 494.4 S(econds)165.89
494.4 Q 12.22(mm)142 506.4 S(inutes)169.78 506.4 Q 15(hh)142 518.4 S(ours)167
518.4 Q 15(dd)142 530.4 S(ays)167 530.4 Q 12.78(ww)142 542.4 S(eeks)169.22
542.4 Q F0 2.5(4.1.1. Queue)102 570.6 R(inter)2.5 E -.1(va)-.1 G(l).1 E F1 .18
(The ar)142 586.8 R .18(gument to the)-.18 F F0<ad71>2.68 E F1 .18
(\215ag speci\214es ho)2.68 F 2.68(wo)-.25 G .18
(ften a sub-daemon will run the queue.)319.25 586.8 R .18(This is)5.18 F .967
(typically set to between \214fteen minutes and one hour)117 598.8 R 5.968(.R)
-.55 G .968(FC 1123 section 5.3.1.1 recommends)350.968 598.8 R
(that this be at least 30 minutes.)117 610.8 Q F0 2.5(4.1.2. Read)102 634.8 R
(timeouts)2.5 E F1 -.35(Ti)142 651 S 1.053(meouts all ha).35 F 1.352 -.15(ve o)
-.2 H 1.052(ption names \231T).15 F(imeout.)-.35 E F2(suboption)A F1 3.552
(\232. The)B(recognized)3.552 E F2(suboption)3.552 E F1 1.052(s, their)B(def)
117 663 Q(ault v)-.1 E(alues, and the minimum v)-.25 E(alues allo)-.25 E
(wed by RFC 1123 section 5.3.2 are:)-.25 E 38.4(connect The)117 679.2 R .16
(time to w)2.66 F .161(ait for an SMTP connection to open \(the)-.1 F F2
(connect)2.661 E F1 .161(\(2\) system call\))B 1.154([0, unspeci\214ed].)189
691.2 R 1.153(If zero, uses the k)6.153 F 1.153(ernel def)-.1 F 3.653(ault. In)
-.1 F 1.153(no case can this option)3.653 F -.15(ex)189 703.2 S .518
(tend the timeout longer than the k).15 F .518(ernel pro)-.1 F .519(vides, b)
-.15 F .519(ut it can shorten it.)-.2 F(This)5.519 E .58(is to get around k)189
715.2 R .579(ernels that pro)-.1 F .579
(vide an absurdly long connection timeout \(90)-.15 F EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-22 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(minutes in one case\).)189 96 Q 46.16(initial The)117 112.2 R -.1(wa)2.5 G
(it for the initial 220 greeting message [5m, 5m].).1 E 52.28(helo The)117
128.4 R -.1(wa)4.226 G 1.727
(it for a reply from a HELO or EHLO command [5m, unspeci\214ed].).1 F .1
(This may require a host name lookup, so \214v)189 140.4 R 2.6(em)-.15 G .1
(inutes is probably a reasonable)380.29 140.4 R(minimum.)189 152.4 Q 46.72
(mail\207 The)117 168.6 R -.1(wa)2.5 G
(it for a reply from a MAIL command [10m, 5m].).1 E 48.95(rcpt\207 The)117
184.8 R -.1(wa)3.481 G .981(it for a reply from a RCPT command [1h, 5m].).1 F
.982(This should be long)5.982 F 1.556
(because it could be pointing at a list that tak)189 196.8 R 1.556
(es a long time to e)-.1 F 1.556(xpand \(see)-.15 F(belo)189 208.8 Q(w\).)-.25
E 34.5(datainit\207 The)117 225 R -.1(wa)2.5 G(it for a reply from a D).1 E
-1.21 -1.11(AT A)-.4 H(command [5m, 2m].)3.61 E 25.62(datablock\207 The)117
241.2 R -.1(wa)2.696 G .196
(it for reading a data block \(that is, the body of the message\).).1 F .196
([1h, 3m].)5.196 F .621
(This should be long because it also applies to programs piping input to)189
253.2 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(send-)3.12 E(mail)189 265.2 Q F1(which ha)2.5 E
.3 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.5(og).15 G(uarantee of promptness.)274.75 265.2 Q 30.06
(data\214nal\207 The)117 281.4 R -.1(wa)2.806 G .306
(it for a reply from the dot terminating a message.).1 F .306([1h, 10m].)5.306
F .306(If this is)5.306 F .884
(shorter than the time actually needed for the recei)189 293.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
3.383(rt).15 G 3.383(od)412.881 293.4 S(eli)426.264 293.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
3.383(rt).15 G .883(he message,)454.797 293.4 R(duplicates will be generated.)
189 305.4 Q(This is discussed in RFC 1047.)5 E 55.06(rset The)117 321.6 R -.1
(wa)2.5 G(it for a reply from a RSET command [5m, unspeci\214ed].).1 E 53.94
(quit The)117 337.8 R -.1(wa)2.5 G(it for a reply from a Q).1 E
(UIT command [2m, unspeci\214ed].)-.1 E 50.61(misc The)117 354 R -.1(wa)2.76 G
.261(it for a reply from miscellaneous \(b).1 F .261
(ut short\) commands such as NOOP)-.2 F(\(no-operation\) and VERB \(go into v)
189 366 Q(erbose mode\).)-.15 E([2m, unspeci\214ed].)5 E 25.06(command\207 In)
117 382.2 R(serv)2.5 E(er SMTP)-.15 E 2.5(,t)-1.11 G(he time to w)259.4 382.2 Q
(ait for another command.)-.1 E([1h, 5m].)5 E 49.5(ident The)117 400.4 R
(timeout w)2.5 E(aiting for a reply to an IDENT query [30s)-.1 E/F3 7
/Times-Roman@0 SF(11)413.86 396.4 Q F1 2.5(,u)420.86 400.4 S(nspeci\214ed].)
430.86 400.4 Q -.15(Fo)117 416.6 S 4.609(rc).15 G 2.109
(ompatibility with old con\214guration \214les, if no)139.789 416.6 R F2
(suboption)4.608 E F1 2.108(is speci\214ed, all the timeouts)4.608 F(mark)117
428.6 Q(ed with \207 are set to the indicated v)-.1 E(alue.)-.25 E(Man)142
444.8 Q 2.5(yo)-.15 G 2.5(ft)172.68 444.8 S(he RFC 1123 minimum v)181.29 444.8
Q .001(alues may well be too short.)-.25 F F2(Sendmail)5.001 E F1 -.1(wa)2.501
G 2.501(sd).1 G .001(esigned to)463.169 444.8 R .712
(the RFC 822 protocols, which did not specify read timeouts; hence, v)117 456.8
R .711(ersions of)-.15 F F2(sendmail)3.211 E F1(prior)3.211 E .864(to v)117
468.8 R .865(ersion 8.1 did not guarantee to reply to messages promptly)-.15 F
5.865(.I)-.65 G 3.365(np)386.24 468.8 S(articular)399.605 468.8 Q 3.365(,a\231)
-.4 G .865(RCPT\232 com-)450.635 468.8 R .061
(mand specifying a mailing list will e)117 480.8 R .061(xpand and v)-.15 F .06
(erify the entire list; a lar)-.15 F .06(ge list on a slo)-.18 F 2.56(ws)-.25 G
(ystem)480.11 480.8 Q .436(may easily tak)117 494.8 R 2.936(em)-.1 G .436
(ore than \214v)190.698 494.8 R 2.936(em)-.15 G(inutes)252.126 494.8 Q F3(12)
276.016 490.8 Q F1 5.436(.I)283.016 494.8 S .435
(recommend a one hour timeout \212 since a commu-)297.218 494.8 R 1.365
(nications f)117 506.8 R 1.366(ailure during the RCPT phase is rare, a long ti\
meout is not onerous and may ulti-)-.1 F(mately help reduce netw)117 518.8 Q
(ork load and duplicated messages.)-.1 E -.15(Fo)142 535 S 2.5(re).15 G
(xample, the lines:)162.53 535 Q 2.5(OT)157 551.2 S(imeout.command=25m)172.48
551.2 Q 2.5(OT)157 563.2 S(imeout.datablock=3h)172.48 563.2 Q .344
(sets the serv)117 579.4 R .344(er SMTP command timeout to 25 minutes and the \
input data block timeout to three)-.15 F(hours.)117 591.4 Q F0 2.5
(4.1.3. Message)102 615.4 R(timeouts)2.5 E F1 .237
(After sitting in the queue for a fe)142 631.6 R 2.737(wd)-.25 G .237
(ays, a message will time out.)289.726 631.6 R .238(This is to insure that at)
5.238 F .568(least the sender is a)117 643.6 R -.1(wa)-.15 G .568
(re of the inability to send a message.).1 F .567
(The timeout is typically set to \214v)5.568 F(e)-.15 E 2.599(days. It)117
655.6 R .099(is sometimes considered con)2.599 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .099
(nient to also send a w).15 F .1(arning message if the message is in)-.1 F .32
LW 76 665.2 72 665.2 DL 80 665.2 76 665.2 DL 84 665.2 80 665.2 DL 88 665.2 84
665.2 DL 92 665.2 88 665.2 DL 96 665.2 92 665.2 DL 100 665.2 96 665.2 DL 104
665.2 100 665.2 DL 108 665.2 104 665.2 DL 112 665.2 108 665.2 DL 116 665.2 112
665.2 DL 120 665.2 116 665.2 DL 124 665.2 120 665.2 DL 128 665.2 124 665.2 DL
132 665.2 128 665.2 DL 136 665.2 132 665.2 DL 140 665.2 136 665.2 DL 144 665.2
140 665.2 DL 148 665.2 144 665.2 DL 152 665.2 148 665.2 DL 156 665.2 152 665.2
DL 160 665.2 156 665.2 DL 164 665.2 160 665.2 DL 168 665.2 164 665.2 DL 172
665.2 168 665.2 DL 176 665.2 172 665.2 DL 180 665.2 176 665.2 DL 184 665.2 180
665.2 DL 188 665.2 184 665.2 DL 192 665.2 188 665.2 DL 196 665.2 192 665.2 DL
200 665.2 196 665.2 DL 204 665.2 200 665.2 DL 208 665.2 204 665.2 DL 212 665.2
208 665.2 DL 216 665.2 212 665.2 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(11)93.6 675.6 Q/F5 8
/Times-Roman@0 SF(On some systems the def)3.2 I
(ault is zero to turn the protocol of)-.08 E 2(fe)-.2 G(ntirely)293.848 678.8 Q
(.)-.52 E F4(12)93.6 689.2 Q F5 .212(This v)3.2 J .212
(eri\214cation includes looking up e)-.12 F -.12(ve)-.2 G .212
(ry address with the name serv).12 F .212(er; this in)-.12 F -.16(vo)-.32 G(lv)
.16 E .212(es netw)-.12 F .213(ork delays, and can in some cases)-.08 F
(can be considerable.)72 702 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-23)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .176(the queue longer than a fe)
117 96 R 2.675(wh)-.25 G .175(ours \(assuming you normally ha)236.105 96 R .475
-.15(ve g)-.2 H .175(ood connecti).15 F .175(vity; if your mes-)-.25 F .645
(sages normally took se)117 108 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .645(ral hours to send you w)
.15 F(ouldn')-.1 E 3.145(tw)-.18 G .645(ant to do this because it w)355.055 108
R(ouldn')-.1 E 3.145(tb)-.18 G(e)499.56 108 Q 3.871(an unusual e)117 120 R -.15
(ve)-.25 G 6.371(nt\). These).15 F 3.871(timeouts are set using the)6.371 F F0
-.18(Ti)6.371 G(meout.queuer).18 E(etur)-.18 E(n)-.15 E F1(and)6.371 E F0 -.18
(Ti)6.37 G(me-).18 E(out.queuewar)117 132 Q(n)-.15 E F1
(options in the con\214guration \214le \(pre)2.5 E
(viously both were set using the)-.25 E F0(T)2.5 E F1(option\).)2.5 E .106
(Since these options are global, and since you can not kno)142 148.2 R(w)-.25 E
/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF 2.606(ap)2.606 G(riori)393.822 148.2 Q F1(ho)2.607 E
2.607(wl)-.25 G .107(ong another host)437.126 148.2 R .476
(outside your domain will be do)117 160.2 R .475(wn, a \214v)-.25 F 2.975(ed)
-.15 G .475(ay timeout is recommended.)291.785 160.2 R .475(This allo)5.475 F
.475(ws a recipient)-.25 F 1.579(to \214x the problem e)117 172.2 R -.15(ve)
-.25 G 4.079(ni).15 G 4.079(fi)222.545 172.2 S 4.079(to)232.734 172.2 S 1.579
(ccurs at the be)244.593 172.2 R 1.58(ginning of a long week)-.15 F 4.08
(end. RFC)-.1 F 1.58(1123 section)4.08 F
(5.3.1.1 says that this parameter should be `)117 184.2 Q
(`at least 4\2555 days')-.74 E('.)-.74 E(The)142 200.4 Q F0 -.18(Ti)2.923 G
(meout.queuewar).18 E(n)-.15 E F1 -.25(va)2.923 G .423(lue can be piggyback).25
F .422(ed on the)-.1 F F0(T)2.922 E F1 .422(option by indicating a time)2.922 F
.845(after which a w)117 212.4 R .845(arning message should be sent; the tw)-.1
F 3.346(ot)-.1 G .846(imeouts are separated by a slash.)349.104 212.4 R -.15
(Fo)5.846 G(r).15 E -.15(ex)117 224.4 S(ample, the line).15 E -.4(OT)157 240.6
S(5d/4h).4 E .972(causes email to f)117 256.8 R .971(ail after \214v)-.1 F
3.471(ed)-.15 G .971(ays, b)245.329 256.8 R .971(ut a w)-.2 F .971
(arning message will be sent after four hours.)-.1 F(This)5.971 E
(should be lar)117 268.8 Q(ge enough that the message will ha)-.18 E .3 -.15
(ve b)-.2 H(een tried se).15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ral times.).15 E F0 2.5(4.2. F)87
292.8 R(orking During Queue Runs)-.25 E F1 .848(By setting the)127 309 R F0
-.25(Fo)3.348 G(rkEachJ).25 E(ob)-.15 E F1(\()3.348 E F0(Y)A F1 3.348(\)o)C
(ption,)271.12 309 Q F2(sendmail)3.348 E F1 .849(will fork before each indi)
3.348 F .849(vidual message)-.25 F .293(while running the queue.)102 321 R .293
(This will pre)5.293 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt).15 E F2(sendmail)2.793 E F1 .293
(from consuming lar)2.793 F .293(ge amounts of memory)-.18 F 2.792(,s)-.65 G(o)
499 321 Q 1.11(it may be useful in memory-poor en)102 333 R 3.61
(vironments. Ho)-.4 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.91 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.61(ft).4 G
(he)359.95 333 Q F0 -.25(Fo)3.61 G(rkEachJ).25 E(ob)-.15 E F1 1.11
(option is not set,)3.61 F F2(sendmail)102 345 Q F1 .085(will k)2.585 F .085
(eep track of hosts that are do)-.1 F .084
(wn during a queue run, which can impro)-.25 F .384 -.15(ve p)-.15 H
(erformance).15 E(dramatically)102 357 Q(.)-.65 E(If the)127 373.2 Q F0 -.25
(Fo)2.5 G(rkEachJ).25 E(ob)-.15 E F1(option is set,)2.5 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1
(can not use connection caching.)2.5 E F0 2.5(4.3. Queue)87 397.2 R(Priorities)
2.5 E F1(Ev)127 413.4 Q 1.128(ery message is assigned a priority when it is \
\214rst instantiated, consisting of the message)-.15 F .286
(size \(in bytes\) of)102 425.4 R .286(fset by the message class \(which is de\
termined from the Precedence: header\) times)-.25 F .342(the \231w)102 437.4 R
.342(ork class f)-.1 F .343
(actor\232 and the number of recipients times the \231w)-.1 F .343
(ork recipient f)-.1 F(actor)-.1 E 4.243 -.7(.\232 T)-.55 H .343(he priority).7
F .073(is used to order the queue.)102 449.4 R .073
(Higher numbers for the priority mean that the message will be processed)5.073
F(later when running the queue.)102 461.4 Q .328
(The message size is included so that lar)127 477.6 R .329
(ge messages are penalized relati)-.18 F .629 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.829(os).15 G
.329(mall messages.)443.121 477.6 R .285(The message class allo)102 489.6 R
.285(ws users to send \231high priority\232 messages by including a \231Preced\
ence:\232 \214eld)-.25 F .007(in their message; the v)102 501.6 R .007
(alue of this \214eld is look)-.25 F .008(ed up in the)-.1 F F0(P)2.508 E F1
.008(lines of the con\214guration \214le.)2.508 F .008(Since the)5.008 F 1.967
(number of recipients af)102 513.6 R 1.967
(fects the amount of load a message presents to the system, this is also)-.25 F
(included into the priority)102 525.6 Q(.)-.65 E .53(The recipient and class f)
127 541.8 R .53(actors can be set in the con\214guration \214le using the)-.1 F
F0(RecipientF)3.03 E(actor)-.25 E F1(\()102 553.8 Q F0(y)A F1 3.443(\)a)C(nd)
121.543 553.8 Q F0(ClassF)3.443 E(actor)-.25 E F1(\()3.442 E F0(z)A F1 3.442
(\)o)C .942(ptions respecti)208.82 553.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.942(.T)
-.65 G(he)298.534 553.8 Q 3.442(yd)-.15 G(ef)321.266 553.8 Q .942
(ault to 30000 \(for the recipient f)-.1 F .942(actor\) and)-.1 F
(1800 \(for the class f)102 565.8 Q 2.5(actor\). The)-.1 F
(initial priority is:)2.5 E F2(pri)168.495 583.8 Q/F3 10/Symbol SF(=)3.16 E F2
(msgsize)3.18 E F3(-)2.38 E F1(\()2.2 E F2(class).2 E F3<b4>2.47 E F0
(ClassFactor\))2.2 E F3(+)2.2 E F1(\()2.2 E F2(nrcpt).36 E F3<b4>2.88 E F0
(RecipientFactor\))2.2 E F1(\(Remember)102 601.8 Q 3.328(,h)-.4 G .828(igher v)
159.638 601.8 R .828
(alues for this parameter actually mean that the job will be treated with lo)
-.25 F(wer)-.25 E(priority)102 613.8 Q(.\))-.65 E 1.519(The priority of a job \
can also be adjusted each time it is processed \(that is, each time an)127 630
R .235(attempt is made to deli)102 642 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.736(ri).15 G .236
(t\) using the \231w)211.938 642 R .236(ork time f)-.1 F(actor)-.1 E 1.636 -.7
(,\232 s)-.4 H .236(et by the).7 F F0(RetryF)2.736 E(actor)-.25 E F1(\()2.736 E
F0(Z)A F1 2.736(\)o)C 2.736(ption. This)457.924 642 R .367
(is added to the priority)102 654 R 2.867(,s)-.65 G 2.867(oi)202.625 654 S
2.867(tn)213.272 654 S .366
(ormally decreases the precedence of the job, on the grounds that jobs)223.919
654 R .137(that ha)102 666 R .437 -.15(ve f)-.2 H .137(ailed man).05 F 2.637
(yt)-.15 G .137(imes will tend to f)193.598 666 R .137(ail ag)-.1 F .137
(ain in the future.)-.05 F(The)5.137 E F0(RetryF)2.637 E(actor)-.25 E F1 .137
(option def)2.637 F .138(aults to)-.1 F(90000.)102 678 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-24 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(4.4. Load)87 96 R(Limiting)2.5 E/F1
10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Sendmail)127 112.2 Q/F2 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .102
(can be ask)2.602 F .101(ed to queue \(b)-.1 F .101(ut not deli)-.2 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G .101(r\) mail if the system load a).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .101
(rage gets too high).15 F .483(using the)102 124.2 R F0(QueueLA)2.983 E F2(\()
2.983 E F0(x)A F2 2.983(\)o)C 2.983(ption. When)206.152 124.2 R .483
(the load a)2.983 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .483(rage e).15 F .483(xceeds the v)-.15 F
.484(alue of the)-.25 F F0(QueueLA)2.984 E F2(option,)2.984 E .532(the deli)102
136.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .532(ry mode is set to).15 F F0(q)3.032 E F2 .532
(\(queue only\) if the)3.032 F F0(QueueF)3.032 E(actor)-.25 E F2(\()3.032 E F0
(q)A F2 3.032(\)o)C .531(ption di)379.066 136.2 R .531(vided by the dif)-.25 F
(ference)-.25 E .004(in the current load a)102 148.2 R -.15(ve)-.2 G .004
(rage and the).15 F F0(QueueLA)2.504 E F2 .004(option plus one e)2.504 F .004
(xceeds the priority of the message \212)-.15 F
(that is, the message is queued if)102 160.2 Q(f:)-.25 E F1(pri)251.425 183.61
Q F2(>)3.16 E F0(QueueFactor)287.21 176.61 Q F1(LA)276.475 190.61 Q/F3 10
/Symbol SF(-)2.23 E F0(QueueLA)2.2 E F3(+)2.2 E .4 LW 354.625 181.01 275.895
181.01 DL F2(1)349.625 190.61 Q(The)102 206.87 Q F0(QueueF)2.616 E(actor)-.25 E
F2 .116(option def)2.616 F .116(aults to 600000, so each point of load a)-.1 F
-.15(ve)-.2 G .116(rage is w).15 F .116(orth 600000 priority)-.1 F
(points \(as described abo)102 218.87 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E -.15(Fo)127
235.07 S 3.893(rd).15 G 1.393(rastic cases, the)149.633 235.07 R F0(RefuseLA)
3.893 E F2(\()3.893 E F0(X)A F2 3.893(\)o)C 1.394(ption de\214nes a load a)
288.228 235.07 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.394(rage at which).15 F F1(sendmail)3.894 E F2
(will)3.894 E .69(refuse to accept netw)102 247.07 R .689(ork connections.)-.1
F .689(Locally generated mail \(including incoming UUCP mail\) is)5.689 F
(still accepted.)102 259.07 Q F0 2.5(4.5. Deli)87 283.07 R -.1(ve)-.1 G
(ry Mode).1 E F2 .253(There are a number of deli)127 299.27 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
.253(ry modes that).15 F F1(sendmail)2.753 E F2 .254
(can operate in, set by the)2.753 F F0(Deli)2.754 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(ryMode).1 E F2
(\()102 311.27 Q F0(d)A F2 3.599(\)c)C 1.099(on\214guration option.)122.259
311.27 R 1.099(These modes specify ho)6.099 F 3.598(wq)-.25 G 1.098
(uickly mail will be deli)324.142 311.27 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.598(red. Le).15 F
-.05(ga)-.15 G 3.598(lm).05 G(odes)485.67 311.27 Q(are:)102 323.27 Q 17.22(id)
142 339.47 S(eli)167 339.47 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G(nteracti)194.65
339.47 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly \(synchronously\)).15 E 15(bd)142 351.47 S(eli)167
351.47 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G 2.5(nb)194.65 351.47 S
(ackground \(asynchronously\))207.15 351.47 Q 15(qq)142 363.47 S
(ueue only \(don')167 363.47 Q 2.5(td)-.18 G(eli)240.42 363.47 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(r\)).15 E 15(dd)142 375.47 S(efer delv)167 375.47 Q(ery attempts \(don')-.15 E
2.5(td)-.18 G(eli)285.53 375.47 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(r\)).15 E 1.273
(There are tradeof)102 391.67 R 3.773(fs. Mode)-.25 F 1.273(\231i\232 gi)3.773
F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.773(st).15 G 1.273(he sender the quick)258.938 391.67 R
1.273(est feedback, b)-.1 F 1.274(ut may slo)-.2 F 3.774(wd)-.25 G -.25(ow)
462.146 391.67 S 3.774(ns).25 G(ome)486.78 391.67 Q .799
(mailers and is hardly e)102 403.67 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.299(rn).15 G(ecessary)
216.405 403.67 Q 5.799(.M)-.65 G .799(ode \231b\232 deli)266.814 403.67 R -.15
(ve)-.25 G .799(rs promptly b).15 F .798(ut can cause lar)-.2 F .798
(ge numbers of)-.18 F .223(processes if you ha)102 415.67 R .524 -.15(ve a m)
-.2 H .224(ailer that tak).15 F .224(es a long time to deli)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25
G 2.724(ram).15 G 2.724(essage. Mode)370.904 415.67 R .224
(\231q\232 minimizes the)2.724 F .597(load on your machine, b)102 427.67 R .597
(ut means that deli)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .596
(ry may be delayed for up to the queue interv).15 F 3.096(al. Mode)-.25 F .039
(\231d\232 is identical to mode \231q\232 e)102 439.67 R .039
(xcept that it also pre)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .04
(nts all the early map lookups from w).15 F .04(orking; it is)-.1 F .086
(intended for `)102 451.67 R .086(`dial on demand')-.74 F 2.586('s)-.74 G .085
(ites where DNS lookups might cost real mone)233.42 451.67 R 3.885 -.65(y. S)
-.15 H .085(ome simple error).65 F .817(messages \(e.g., host unkno)102 463.67
R .817(wn during the SMTP protocol\) will be delayed using this mode.)-.25 F
(Mode)5.818 E(\231b\232 is the usual def)102 475.67 Q(ault.)-.1 E .052(If you \
run in mode \231q\232 \(queue only\), \231d\232 \(defer\), or \231b\232 \(deli)
127 491.87 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.552(ri).15 G 2.552(nb)389.136 491.87 S
(ackground\))401.688 491.87 Q F1(sendmail)2.551 E F2(will)2.551 E 1.391(not e)
102 503.87 R 1.392(xpand aliases and follo)-.15 F 3.892(w.)-.25 G(forw)232.428
503.87 Q 1.392(ard \214les upon initial receipt of the mail.)-.1 F 1.392
(This speeds up the)6.392 F(response to RCPT commands.)102 515.87 Q
(Mode \231i\232 cannot be used by the SMTP serv)5 E(er)-.15 E(.)-.55 E F0 2.5
(4.6. Log)87 539.87 R(Le)2.5 E -.1(ve)-.15 G(l).1 E F2 .19(The le)127 556.07 R
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.69(lo).15 G 2.69(fl)171.97 556.07 S .19(ogging can be set for)
180.77 556.07 R F1(sendmail)2.689 E F2 5.189(.T)C .189(he def)317.996 556.07 R
.189(ault using a standard con\214guration table)-.1 F(is le)102 568.07 Q -.15
(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l9).15 G 5(.T)137.71 568.07 S(he le)151.32 568.07 Q -.15(ve)-.25
G(ls are as follo).15 E(ws:)-.25 E 31(0N)102 584.27 S 2.5(ol)145.22 584.27 S
(ogging.)155.5 584.27 Q 31(1S)102 600.47 S(erious system f)143.56 600.47 Q
(ailures and potential security problems.)-.1 E 31(2L)102 616.67 S
(ost communications \(netw)144.11 616.67 Q(ork problems\) and protocol f)-.1 E
(ailures.)-.1 E 31(3O)102 632.87 S(ther serious f)145.22 632.87 Q(ailures.)-.1
E 31(4M)102 649.07 S(inor f)146.89 649.07 Q(ailures.)-.1 E 31(5M)102 665.27 S
(essage collection statistics.)146.89 665.27 Q 31(6C)102 681.47 S
(reation of error messages, VRFY and EXPN commands.)144.67 681.47 Q 31(7D)102
697.67 S(eli)145.22 697.67 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry f).15 E
(ailures \(host or user unkno)-.1 E(wn, etc.\).)-.25 E 31(8S)102 713.87 S
(uccessful deli)143.56 713.87 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ries and alias database reb).15
E(uilds.)-.2 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-25)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 31(9M)102 96 S
(essages being deferred \(due to a host being do)146.89 96 Q(wn, etc.\).)-.25 E
23.5(10 Database)102 112.2 R -.15(ex)2.5 G(pansion \(alias, forw).15 E
(ard, and userdb lookups\).)-.1 E 23.5(20 Logs)102 128.4 R .603
(attempts to run lock)3.102 F .603(ed queue \214les.)-.1 F .603
(These are not errors, b)5.603 F .603(ut can be useful to note if)-.2 F
(your queue appears to be clogged.)138 140.4 Q 23.5(30 Lost)102 156.6 R
(locks \(only if using lockf instead of \215ock\).)2.5 E(Additionally)102 172.8
Q 2.717(,v)-.65 G .217(alues abo)161.877 172.8 R .516 -.15(ve 6)-.15 H 2.716
(4a).15 G .216(re reserv)228.596 172.8 R .216(ed for e)-.15 F .216(xtremely v)
-.15 F .216(erbose deb)-.15 F .216(ugging output.)-.2 F .216(No normal site)
5.216 F -.1(wo)102 184.8 S(uld e).1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rs).15 G(et these.)
152.6 184.8 Q F0 2.5(4.7. File)87 208.8 R(Modes)2.5 E F1 .264
(The modes used for \214les depend on what functionality you w)127 225 R .264
(ant and the le)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.764(lo).15 G 2.764(fs)448.482 225 S .264
(ecurity you)458.466 225 R(require.)102 237 Q F0 2.5(4.7.1. T)102 261 R 2.5(os)
-.92 G(uid or not to suid?)146.64 261 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Sendmail)142
277.2 Q F1 .934(can safely be made setuid to root.)3.434 F .934
(At the point where it is about to)5.934 F F2 -.2(ex)3.433 G(ec).2 E F1 .933
(\(2\) a)1.666 F(mailer)117 289.2 Q 2.582(,i)-.4 G 2.582(tc)150.012 289.2 S
.082(hecks to see if the userid is zero; if so, it resets the userid and group\
id to a def)159.814 289.2 R .083(ault \(set)-.1 F .577(by the)117 301.2 R F0(u)
3.077 E F1(and)3.077 E F0(g)3.077 E F1 3.077(options\). \(This)3.077 F .576
(can be o)3.076 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .576(rridden by setting the).15 F F0(S)3.076 E
F1 .576(\215ag to the mailer for mailers)3.076 F 1.531
(that are trusted and must be called as root.\))117 313.2 R(Ho)6.531 E(we)-.25
E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.331 -.4(r, t).15 H 1.532
(his will cause mail processing to be).4 F(accounted \(using)117 325.2 Q F2(sa)
2.5 E F1(\(8\)\) to root rather than to the user sending the mail.)1.666 E .339
(If you don')142 341.4 R 2.839(tm)-.18 G(ak)200.887 341.4 Q(e)-.1 E F2
(sendmail)2.839 E F1 .339(setuid to root, it will still run b)2.839 F .339
(ut you lose a lot of functional-)-.2 F .007(ity and a lot of pri)117 353.4 R
-.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G 2.507(,s)-.5 G .008(ince you')215.452 353.4 R .008
(ll ha)-.1 F .308 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.508(om).15 G(ak)300.024 353.4 Q 2.508(et)
-.1 G .008(he queue directory w)319.092 353.4 R .008(orld readable.)-.1 F -1.1
(Yo)5.008 G 2.508(uc)1.1 G(ould)486.22 353.4 Q .501(also mak)117 365.4 R(e)-.1
E F2(sendmail)3.001 E F1 .501(setuid to some pseudo-user \(e.g., create a user\
 called \231sendmail\232 and mak)3.001 F(e)-.1 E F2(sendmail)117 377.4 Q F1
1.533(setuid to that\) which will \214x the pri)4.033 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.834
-.15(cy p).25 H 1.534(roblems b).15 F 1.534(ut not the functionality issues.)
-.2 F .642(Also, this isn')117 389.4 R 3.142(tag)-.18 G .641
(uarantee of security: for e)192.448 389.4 R .641
(xample, root occasionally sends mail, and the dae-)-.15 F
(mon often runs as root.)117 401.4 Q F0 2.5(4.7.2. Should)102 425.4 R
(my alias database be writable?)2.5 E F1 .058(At Berk)142 441.6 R(ele)-.1 E
2.558(yw)-.15 G 2.558(eh)200.186 441.6 S -2.25 -.2(av e)212.184 441.6 T .058
(the alias database \(/etc/aliases*\) mode 644.)2.758 F .058
(While this is not as \215e)5.058 F(x-)-.15 E 1.719
(ible as if the database were more 666, it a)117 453.6 R -.2(vo)-.2 G 1.718
(ids potential security problems with a globally).2 F(writable database.)117
465.6 Q 1.19(The database that)142 481.8 R F2(sendmail)3.69 E F1 1.191
(actually used is represented by the tw)3.691 F 3.691<6f8c>-.1 G(les)429.118
481.8 Q F2(aliases.dir)3.691 E F1(and)3.691 E F2(aliases.pa)117 493.8 Q(g)-.1 E
F1 .159(\(both in /etc\) \(or)2.659 F F2(aliases.db)2.659 E F1 .159
(if you are running with the ne)2.659 F 2.658(wB)-.25 G(erk)412.854 493.8 Q
(ele)-.1 E 2.658(yd)-.15 G .158(atabase prim-)449.692 493.8 R(iti)117 505.8 Q
-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.606(s\). The).15 F 1.107
(mode on these \214les should match the mode on /etc/aliases.)3.606 F(If)6.107
E F2(aliases)3.607 E F1 1.107(is writable)3.607 F 1.624(and the DBM \214les \()
117 517.8 R F2(aliases.dir)A F1(and)4.124 E F2(aliases.pa)4.124 E(g)-.1 E F1
4.124(\)a)C 1.624(re not, users will be unable to re\215ect their)324.648 517.8
R .719(desired changes through to the actual database.)117 529.8 R(Ho)5.719 E
(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.519 -.4(r, i).15 H(f).4 E F2(aliases)3.219 E F1 .72
(is read-only and the DBM)3.219 F(\214les are writable, a slightly sophisticat\
ed user can arrange to steal mail an)117 541.8 Q(yw)-.15 E(ay)-.1 E(.)-.65 E
.621(If your DBM \214les are not writable by the w)142 558 R .62
(orld or you do not ha)-.1 F .92 -.15(ve a)-.2 H(uto-reb).15 E .62
(uild enabled)-.2 F 3.028(\(with the)117 570 R F0 -.5(Au)5.528 G(toReb).5 E
(uildAliases)-.2 E F1 3.028
(option\), then you must be careful to reconstruct the alias)5.528 F
(database each time you change the te)117 582 Q(xt v)-.15 E(ersion:)-.15 E(ne)
157 598.2 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E(If this step is ignored or for)117 614.4
Q(gotten an)-.18 E 2.5(yi)-.15 G(ntended changes will also be ignored or for)
273.32 614.4 Q(gotten.)-.18 E F0 2.5(4.8. Connection)87 638.4 R(Caching)2.5 E
F1 .642(When processing the queue,)127 654.6 R F2(sendmail)3.142 E F1 .642
(will try to k)3.142 F .642(eep the last fe)-.1 F 3.142(wo)-.25 G .642
(pen connections open to)405.144 654.6 R -.2(avo)102 666.6 S
(id startup and shutdo).2 E(wn costs.)-.25 E
(This only applies to IPC connections.)5 E .286
(When trying to open a connection the cache is \214rst searched.)127 682.8 R
.287(If an open connection is found,)5.286 F .92
(it is probed to see if it is still acti)102 694.8 R 1.22 -.15(ve b)-.25 H 3.42
(ys).15 G .92(ending a)270.892 694.8 R/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(NOOP)3.42 E F1
3.42(command. It)3.42 F .92(is not an error if this f)3.42 F(ails;)-.1 E
(instead, the connection is closed and reopened.)102 706.8 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-26 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -1 -.8(Tw o)127
96 T .408(parameters control the connection cache.)3.708 F(The)5.408 E F0
(ConnectionCacheSize)2.908 E F1(\()2.908 E F0(k)A F1 2.908(\)o)C .408
(ption de\214nes)452.202 96 R .145
(the number of simultaneous open connections that will be permitted.)102 108 R
.145(If it is set to zero, connections)5.145 F .212
(will be closed as quickly as possible.)102 120 R .212(The def)5.212 F .212
(ault is one.)-.1 F .213(This should be set as appropriate for your)5.212 F .63
(system size; it will limit the amount of system resources that)102 132 R/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.129 E F1 .629(will use during queue runs.)3.129 F
(Ne)102 144 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rs).15 G(et this higher than 4.)132.42 144 Q
(The)127 160.2 Q F0(ConnectionCacheT)2.74 E(imeout)-.18 E F1(\()2.741 E F0(K)A
F1 2.741(\)o)C .241(ption speci\214es the maximum time that an)281.692 160.2 R
2.741(yc)-.15 G .241(ached con-)460.169 160.2 R .9
(nection will be permitted to idle.)102 172.2 R .899(When the idle time e)5.9 F
.899(xceeds this v)-.15 F .899(alue the connection is closed.)-.25 F .34
(This number should be small \(under ten minutes\) to pre)102 184.2 R -.15(ve)
-.25 G .34(nt you from grabbing too man).15 F 2.84(yr)-.15 G(esources)469.57
184.2 Q(from other hosts.)102 196.2 Q(The def)5 E(ault is \214v)-.1 E 2.5(em)
-.15 G(inutes.)257.57 196.2 Q F0 2.5(4.9. Name)87 220.2 R(Ser)2.5 E -.1(ve)-.1
G 2.5(rA).1 G(ccess)172.33 220.2 Q F1 .104
(Control of host address lookups is set by the)127 236.4 R F0(hosts)2.604 E F1
.103(service entry in your service switch \214le.)2.603 F(If)5.103 E .99
(you are on a system that has b)102 248.4 R .99
(uilt-in service switch support \(e.g., Ultrix, Solaris, or DEC OSF/1\))-.2 F
.336(then your system is probably con\214gured properly already)102 260.4 R
5.335(.O)-.65 G(therwise,)347.885 260.4 Q F2(sendmail)2.835 E F1 .335
(will consult the \214le)2.835 F F0(/etc/ser)102 272.4 Q(vice.switch)-.1 E F1
2.5(,w)C(hich should be created.)191.04 272.4 Q F2(Sendmail)5 E F1
(only uses tw)2.5 E 2.5(oe)-.1 G(ntries:)389.8 272.4 Q F0(hosts)2.5 E F1(and)
2.5 E F0(aliases)2.5 E F1(.)A(Ho)127 288.6 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .908 -.4
(r, s).15 H .108(ome systems \(such as SunOS\) will do DNS lookups re).4 F -.05
(ga)-.15 G .108(rdless of the setting of the).05 F 1.558(service switch entry)
102 300.6 R 6.558(.I)-.65 G 4.058(np)196.834 300.6 S(articular)210.892 300.6 Q
4.058(,t)-.4 G 1.558(he system routine)253.15 300.6 R F2 -.1(ge)4.058 G
(thostbyname).1 E F1 1.558(\(3\) is used to look up host)B .461(names, and man)
102 312.6 R 2.961(yv)-.15 G .461(endor v)180.293 312.6 R .461
(ersions try some combination of DNS, NIS, and \214le lookup in /etc/hosts)-.15
F .537(without consulting a service switch.)102 324.6 R F2(Sendmail)5.537 E F1
(mak)3.037 E .536(es no attempt to w)-.1 F .536(ork around this problem, and)
-.1 F .27(the DNS lookup will be done an)102 336.6 R(yw)-.15 E(ay)-.1 E 5.27
(.I)-.65 G 2.77(fy)264.36 336.6 S .271(ou do not ha)275.46 336.6 R .571 -.15
(ve a n)-.2 H(ameserv).15 E .271(er con\214gured at all, such as at)-.15 F
2.855(aU)102 348.6 S .355(UCP-only site,)116.515 348.6 R F2(sendmail)2.855 E F1
.354
(will get a \231connection refused\232 message when it tries to connect to the)
2.855 F .622(name serv)102 360.6 R(er)-.15 E 5.622(.I)-.55 G 3.122(ft)161.964
360.6 S(he)171.196 360.6 Q F0(hosts)3.122 E F1 .623
(switch entry has the service \231dns\232 listed some)3.122 F .623
(where in the list,)-.25 F F2(sendmail)3.123 E F1 .912
(will interpret this to mean a temporary f)102 372.6 R .912
(ailure and will queue the mail for later processing; other)-.1 F(-)-.2 E
(wise, it ignores the name serv)102 384.6 Q(er data.)-.15 E .672
(The same technique is used to decide whether to do MX lookups.)127 400.8 R
.673(If you w)5.673 F .673(ant MX support,)-.1 F(you)102 412.8 Q F2(must)2.5 E
F1(ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve \231)-.2 H(dns\232 listed as a service in the).15 E F0
(hosts)2.5 E F1(switch entry)2.5 E(.)-.65 E(The)127 429 Q F0(Resolv)3.87 E
(erOptions)-.1 E F1(\()3.87 E F0(I)A F1 3.869(\)o)C 1.369(ption allo)240.719
429 R 1.369(ws you to tweak name serv)-.25 F 1.369(er options.)-.15 F 1.369
(The command)6.369 F .892(line tak)102 441 R .892
(es a series of \215ags as documented in)-.1 F F2 -.37(re)3.392 G(solver).37 E
F1 .892(\(3\) \(with the leading \231RES_\232 deleted\).)B(Each)5.892 E
(can be preceded by an optional `+' or `)102 453 Q/F3 10/Symbol SF(-)A F1 2.5
('. F)B(or e)-.15 E(xample, the line)-.15 E 2.5(OR)142 469.2 S(esolv)158.39
469.2 Q(erOptions=+AA)-.15 E(ONL)-.55 E(Y)-1 E F3(-)2.5 E F1(DNSRCH)A .862
(turns on the AA)102 485.4 R(ONL)-.55 E 3.362(Y\()-1 G .862(accept authoritati)
201.658 485.4 R 1.162 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .861(nswers only\) and turns of).15 F
3.361(ft)-.25 G .861(he DNSRCH \(search the)402.827 485.4 R 2.039
(domain path\) options.)102 497.4 R 2.039(Most resolv)7.039 F 2.039
(er libraries def)-.15 F 2.039(ault DNSRCH, DEFN)-.1 F 2.039(AMES, and RECURSE)
-.35 F .503(\215ags on and all others of)102 509.4 R 3.003(f. Y)-.25 F .503
(ou can also include \231HasW)-1.1 F .503
(ildcardMX\232 to specify that there is a wild-)-.4 F 1.972
(card MX record matching your domain; this turns of)102 521.4 R 4.472(fM)-.25 G
4.473(Xm)344.188 521.4 S 1.973(atching when canonifying names,)363.661 521.4 R
(which can lead to inappropriate canoni\214cations.)102 533.4 Q -1.11(Ve)127
549.6 S 2.257(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.757(l1c).15 G 2.256
(on\214gurations turn DNSRCH and DEFN)200.301 549.6 R 2.256(AMES of)-.35 F
4.756(fw)-.25 G 2.256(hen doing deli)424.898 549.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E
2.06(lookups, b)102 561.6 R 2.06(ut lea)-.2 F 2.36 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.06
(hem on e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.06(rywhere else.).15 F -1.11(Ve)7.06 G 2.06
(rsion 8 of)1.11 F F2(sendmail)4.56 E F1 2.06(ignores them when doing)4.56 F
.313(canoni\214cation lookups \(that is, when using $[ ... $]\), and al)102
573.6 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .313(ys does the search.).1 F .313(If you don')5.313 F
2.812(tw)-.18 G(ant)491.78 573.6 Q(to do automatic name e)102 585.6 Q
(xtension, don')-.15 E 2.5(tc)-.18 G(all $[ ... $].)261.93 585.6 Q .485
(The search rules for $[ ... $] are some)127 601.8 R .485(what dif)-.25 F .485
(ferent than usual.)-.25 F .486(If the name being look)5.485 F .486(ed up)-.1 F
.11(has at least one dot, it al)102 613.8 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .11
(ys tries the unmodi\214ed name \214rst.).1 F .109(If that f)5.109 F .109
(ails, it tries the reduced search)-.1 F .124
(path, and lastly tries the unmodi\214ed name \(b)102 625.8 R .124
(ut only for names without a dot, since names with a dot)-.2 F(ha)102 637.8 Q
.789 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .489(lready been tried\).).15 F .489(This allo)5.489 F
.489(ws names such as `)-.25 F(`utc.CS')-.74 E 2.989('t)-.74 G 2.988(om)362.81
637.8 S .488(atch the site in Czechoslo)378.578 637.8 R -.25(va)-.15 G(kia).25
E 1.587(rather than the site in your local Computer Science department.)102
649.8 R 1.588(It also prefers A and CN)6.587 F(AME)-.35 E .513(records o)102
661.8 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.013(rM).15 G 3.013(Xr)163.816 661.8 S .513
(ecords \212 that is, if it \214nds an MX record it mak)177.379 661.8 R .512
(es note of it, b)-.1 F .512(ut k)-.2 F .512(eeps looking.)-.1 F 1.541(This w)
102 673.8 R(ay)-.1 E 4.041(,i)-.65 G 4.041(fy)149.052 673.8 S 1.541(ou ha)
161.423 673.8 R 1.841 -.15(ve a w)-.2 H 1.541
(ildcard MX record matching your domain, it will not assume that all).15 F
(names match.)102 685.8 Q 3.454 -.8(To c)127 702 T 1.853(ompletely turn of).8 F
4.353(fa)-.25 G 1.853(ll name serv)231.123 702 R 1.853
(er access on systems without service switch support)-.15 F .578
(\(such as SunOS\) you will ha)102 714 R .878 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 3.078(or).15 G
.579(ecompile with \255DN)245.406 714 R .579(AMED_BIND=0 and remo)-.35 F .879
-.15(ve \255)-.15 H .579(lresolv from).15 F EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-27)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(the list of libraries to be searched when linking.)102 96 Q F0 2.5(4.10. Mo)87
120 R(ving the P)-.1 E(er)-.2 E(-User F)-.37 E(orward Files)-.25 E F1 .772
(Some sites mount each user')127 136.2 R 3.272(sh)-.55 G .772
(ome directory from a local disk on their w)256.13 136.2 R .772
(orkstation, so that)-.1 F .575(local access is f)102 148.2 R 3.075(ast. Ho)-.1
F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.375 -.4(r, t).15 H .575(he result is that .forw).4
F .575(ard \214le lookups are slo)-.1 F 4.376 -.65(w. I)-.25 H 3.076(ns).65 G
.576(ome cases, mail)439.248 148.2 R .216(can e)102 160.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
2.716(nb).15 G 2.716(ed)144.792 160.2 S(eli)156.948 160.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .216
(red on machines inappropriately because of a \214le serv).15 F .216
(er being do)-.15 F 2.716(wn. The)-.25 F(perfor)2.716 E(-)-.2 E
(mance can be especially bad if you run the automounter)102 172.2 Q(.)-.55 E
(The)127 188.4 Q F0 -.25(Fo)2.743 G(rwardP).25 E(ath)-.1 E F1(\()2.743 E F0(J)A
F1 2.743(\)o)C .243(ption allo)224.859 188.4 R .243
(ws you to set a path of forw)-.25 F .243(ard \214les.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)5.243 G
2.743(re).15 G .244(xample, the con-)436.582 188.4 R(\214g \214le line)102
200.4 Q 2.5(OF)142 216.6 S(orw)157.13 216.6 Q(ardP)-.1 E(ath=/v)-.15 E(ar/forw)
-.25 E(ard/$u:$z/.forw)-.1 E(ard.$w)-.1 E -.1(wo)102 232.8 S .208
(uld \214rst look for a \214le with the same name as the user').1 F 2.707(sl)
-.55 G .207(ogin in /v)343.191 232.8 R(ar/forw)-.25 E .207
(ard; if that is not found)-.1 F 1.17(\(or is inaccessible\) the \214le `)102
244.8 R(`.forw)-.74 E(ard.)-.1 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(mac)A(hinename)-.15 E
F1 2.651 -.74('' i)D 3.671(nt).74 G 1.171(he user')337.014 244.8 R 3.671(sh)
-.55 G 1.171(ome directory is searched.)382.126 244.8 R(A)6.171 E(truly perv)
102 256.8 Q(erse site could also search by sender by using $r)-.15 E 2.5(,$)-.4
G(s, or $f.)343.07 256.8 Q .69(If you create a directory such as /v)127 273 R
(ar/forw)-.25 E .69(ard, it should be mode 1777 \(that is, the stick)-.1 F 3.19
(yb)-.15 G(it)498.44 273 Q(should be set\).)102 285 Q
(Users should create the \214les mode 644.)5 E F0 2.5(4.11. Fr)87 309 R
(ee Space)-.18 E F1 1.405(On systems that ha)127 325.2 R 1.705 -.15(ve o)-.2 H
1.405(ne of the system calls in the).15 F F2(statfs)3.906 E F1 1.406(\(2\) f)B
1.406(amily \(including)-.1 F F2(statvfs)3.906 E F1(and)3.906 E F2(ustat)102
337.2 Q F1 .839(\), you can specify a minimum number of free blocks on the que\
ue \214lesystem using the)B F0(Min-)3.339 E(Fr)102 349.2 Q(eeBlocks)-.18 E F1
(\()2.553 E F0(b)A F1 2.553(\)o)C 2.553(ption. If)171.916 349.2 R .053
(there are fe)2.553 F .053
(wer than the indicated number of blocks free on the \214lesystem)-.25 F 1.355
(on which the queue is mounted the SMTP serv)102 361.2 R 1.355
(er will reject mail with the 452 error code.)-.15 F(This)6.354 E(in)102 373.2
Q(vites the SMTP client to try ag)-.4 E(ain later)-.05 E(.)-.55 E(Be)127 389.4
Q -.1(wa)-.25 G .746(re of setting this option too high; it can cause rejectio\
n of email when that mail w).1 F(ould)-.1 E(be processed without dif)102 401.4
Q(\214culty)-.25 E(.)-.65 E F0 2.5(4.12. Maximum)87 425.4 R(Message Size)2.5 E
F1 2.078 -.8(To a)127 441.6 T -.2(vo).6 G .478(id o).2 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(r\215o)
.15 E .478(wing your system with a lar)-.25 F .478(ge message, the)-.18 F F0
(MaxMessageSize)2.977 E F1 .477(option can be)2.977 F .692
(set to set an absolute limit on the size of an)102 453.6 R 3.193(yo)-.15 G
.693(ne message.)294.176 453.6 R .693(This will be adv)5.693 F .693
(ertised in the ESMTP)-.15 F(dialogue and check)102 465.6 Q
(ed during message collection.)-.1 E F0 2.5(4.13. Pri)87 489.6 R -.1(va)-.1 G
(cy Flags).1 E F1(The)127 505.8 Q F0(Pri)2.96 E -.1(va)-.1 G(cyOptions).1 E F1
(\()2.96 E F0(p)A F1 2.96(\)o)C .46(ption allo)235.12 505.8 R .46
(ws you to set certain `)-.25 F(`pri)-.74 E -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G 1.94
-.74('' \215).15 H 2.96(ags. Actually).74 F 2.96(,m)-.65 G(an)478.42 505.8 Q
2.96(yo)-.15 G(f)500.67 505.8 Q .533(them don')102 517.8 R 3.033(tg)-.18 G
-2.15 -.25(iv e)153.996 517.8 T .533(you an)3.283 F 3.034(ye)-.15 G .534
(xtra pri)208.496 517.8 R -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G 3.034(,r)-.5 G .534
(ather just insisting that client SMTP serv)264.634 517.8 R .534
(ers use the HELO)-.15 F 2.87
(command before using certain commands or adding e)102 529.8 R 2.87
(xtra headers to indicate possible spoof)-.15 F(attempts.)102 541.8 Q .123
(The option tak)127 558 R .124(es a series of \215ag names; the \214nal pri)-.1
F -.25(va)-.25 G .424 -.15(cy i).25 H 2.624(st).15 G .124(he inclusi)367.706
558 R .424 -.15(ve o)-.25 H 2.624(ro).15 G 2.624(ft)434.058 558 S .124
(hose \215ags.)442.792 558 R -.15(Fo)5.124 G(r).15 E -.15(ex)102 570 S(ample:)
.15 E 2.5(OP)142 586.2 S(ri)157.28 586.2 Q -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G
(Options=needmailhelo, noe).15 E(xpn)-.15 E .928(insists that the HELO or EHLO\
 command be used before a MAIL command is accepted and dis-)102 602.4 R
(ables the EXPN command.)102 614.4 Q
(The \215ags are detailed in section 5.1.6.)127 630.6 Q F0 2.5(4.14. Send)87
654.6 R(to Me T)2.5 E(oo)-.92 E F1(Normally)127 670.8 Q(,)-.65 E F2(sendmail)
3.423 E F1 .923(deletes the \(en)3.423 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .923
(lope\) sender from an).15 F 3.423(yl)-.15 G .924(ist e)375.484 670.8 R 3.424
(xpansions. F)-.15 F .924(or e)-.15 F .924(xample, if)-.15 F .761(\231matt\232\
 sends to a list that contains \231matt\232 as one of the members he w)102
682.8 R(on')-.1 E 3.261(tg)-.18 G .761(et a cop)416.705 682.8 R 3.261(yo)-.1 G
3.261(ft)462.488 682.8 S .761(he mes-)471.859 682.8 R 2.882(sage. If)102 694.8
R(the)2.882 E F0<ad6d>2.882 E F1 .383
(\(me too\) command line \215ag, or if the)2.882 F F0(MeT)2.883 E(oo)-.92 E F1
(\()2.883 E F0(m)A F1 2.883(\)o)C .383(ption is set in the con\214guration)
377.915 694.8 R(\214le, this beha)102 706.8 Q(viour is suppressed.)-.2 E
(Some sites lik)5 E 2.5(et)-.1 G 2.5(or)305.31 706.8 S(un the)316.14 706.8 Q/F3
9/Times-Roman@0 SF(SMTP)2.5 E F1(daemon with)2.5 E F0<ad6d>2.5 E F1(.)A EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-28 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(5. THE)72 96 R
(WHOLE SCOOP ON THE CONFIGURA)2.5 E(TION FILE)-.95 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(This section describes the con\214guration \214le in detail.)112 112.2 Q .648
(There is one point that should be made clear immediately: the syntax of the c\
on\214guration \214le is)112 128.4 R 1.076
(designed to be reasonably easy to parse, since this is done e)87 140.4 R -.15
(ve)-.25 G 1.077(ry time).15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.577 E F1
1.077(starts up, rather than)3.577 F(easy for a human to read or write.)87
152.4 Q
(On the \231future project\232 list is a con\214guration-\214le compiler)5 E(.)
-.55 E .243(The con\214guration \214le is or)112 168.6 R -.05(ga)-.18 G .243
(nized as a series of lines, each of which be).05 F .243
(gins with a single charac-)-.15 F .102
(ter de\214ning the semantics for the rest of the line.)87 180.6 R .102
(Lines be)5.102 F .102(ginning with a space or a tab are continuation)-.15 F
1.323(lines \(although the semantics are not well de\214ned in man)87 192.6 R
3.823(yp)-.15 G 3.822(laces\). Blank)340.61 192.6 R 1.322(lines and lines be)
3.822 F(ginning)-.15 E(with a sharp symbol \(`#'\) are comments.)87 204.6 Q F0
2.5(5.1. R)87 228.6 R(and S \212 Rewriting Rules)2.5 E F1 .465
(The core of address parsing are the re)127 244.8 R .466(writing rules.)-.25 F
.466(These are an ordered production system.)5.466 F F2(Sendmail)102 256.8 Q F1
.19(scans through the set of re)2.69 F .19
(writing rules looking for a match on the left hand side \(LHS\) of)-.25 F
(the rule.)102 268.8 Q(When a rule matches, the address is replaced by the rig\
ht hand side \(RHS\) of the rule.)5 E .921(There are se)127 285 R -.15(ve)-.25
G .921(ral sets of re).15 F .921(writing rules.)-.25 F .921(Some of the re)
5.921 F .922(writing sets are used internally and)-.25 F .36(must ha)102 297 R
.66 -.15(ve s)-.2 H .36(peci\214c semantics.).15 F .359(Other re)5.359 F .359
(writing sets do not ha)-.25 F .659 -.15(ve s)-.2 H .359
(peci\214cally assigned semantics, and).15 F
(may be referenced by the mailer de\214nitions or by other re)102 309 Q
(writing sets.)-.25 E(The syntax of these tw)127 325.2 Q 2.5(oc)-.1 G
(ommands are:)229.38 325.2 Q F0(S)142 341.4 Q F2(n)A F1 .248
(Sets the current ruleset being collected to)102 357.6 R F2(n)2.748 E F1 5.248
(.I)C 2.748(fy)287.284 357.6 S .248(ou be)298.362 357.6 R .249
(gin a ruleset more than once it deletes the old)-.15 F(de\214nition.)102 369.6
Q F0(R)142 385.8 Q F2(lhs rhs comments)A F1 1.185(The \214elds must be separat\
ed by at least one tab character; there may be embedded spaces in the)102 402 R
2.594(\214elds. The)102 414 R F2(lhs)2.594 E F1 .095
(is a pattern that is applied to the input.)2.594 F .095
(If it matches, the input is re)5.095 F .095(written to the)-.25 F F2(rhs)2.595
E F1(.)A(The)102 426 Q F2(comments)2.5 E F1(are ignored.)2.5 E .755(Macro e)127
442.2 R .755(xpansions of the form)-.15 F F0($)3.255 E F2(x)A F1 .755
(are performed when the con\214guration \214le is read.)3.255 F(Expan-)5.755 E
.283(sions of the form)102 454.2 R F0($&)2.783 E F2(x)A F1 .284
(are performed at run time using a some)2.783 F .284
(what less general algorithm.)-.25 F .284(This for)5.284 F
(is intended only for referencing internally de\214ned macros such as)102 466.2
Q F0($h)2.5 E F1(that are changed at runtime.)2.5 E F0 2.5(5.1.1. The)102 490.2
R(left hand side)2.5 E F1 2.771(The left hand side of re)142 506.4 R 2.771
(writing rules contains a pattern.)-.25 F 2.77(Normal w)7.771 F 2.77
(ords are simply)-.1 F(matched directly)117 518.4 Q 5(.M)-.65 G
(etasyntax is introduced using a dollar sign.)199.67 518.4 Q
(The metasymbols are:)5 E F0($*)157 534.6 Q F1(Match zero or more tok)177.14
534.6 Q(ens)-.1 E F0($+)157 546.6 Q F1(Match one or more tok)9.44 E(ens)-.1 E
F0<24ad>157 558.6 Q F1(Match e)9.44 E(xactly one tok)-.15 E(en)-.1 E F0($=)157
570.6 Q F2(x)A F1(Match an)5 E 2.5(yp)-.15 G(hrase in class)226.98 570.6 Q F2
(x)2.5 E F0($~)157 582.6 Q F2(x)A F1(Match an)7.37 E 2.5(yw)-.15 G
(ord not in class)229.1 582.6 Q F2(x)2.5 E F1 .131(If an)117 598.8 R 2.631(yo)
-.15 G 2.631(ft)148.212 598.8 S .131(hese match, the)156.953 598.8 R 2.631(ya)
-.15 G .132(re assigned to the symbol)231.066 598.8 R F0($)2.632 E F2(n)A F1
.132(for replacement on the right hand side,)2.632 F(where)117 610.8 Q F2(n)2.5
E F1(is the inde)2.5 E 2.5(xi)-.15 G 2.5(nt)202.67 610.8 S(he LHS.)212.95 610.8
Q -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample, if the LHS:)271.81 610.8 Q($\255:$+)157 627
Q(is applied to the input:)117 643.2 Q(UCB)157 659.4 Q(ARP)-.35 E(A:eric)-.92 E
(the rule will match, and the v)117 675.6 Q(alues passed to the RHS will be:)
-.25 E 7.5($1 UCB)157 691.8 R(ARP)-.35 E(A)-.92 E 7.5($2 eric)157 703.8 R EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-29)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(Additionally)142 96 Q 2.705(,t)
-.65 G .204(he LHS can include)199.895 96 R F0($@)2.704 E F1 .204
(to match zero tok)2.704 F 2.704(ens. This)-.1 F(is)2.704 E/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(not)2.704 E F1 .204(bound to a)2.704 F F0($)2.704 E F2(n)A
F1(on)2.704 E(the RHS, and is normally only used when it stands alone in order\
 to match the null input.)117 108 Q F0 2.5(5.1.2. The)102 132 R
(right hand side)2.5 E F1 .648(When the left hand side of a re)142 148.2 R .649
(writing rule matches, the input is deleted and replaced by)-.25 F 1.037
(the right hand side.)117 160.2 R -.8(To)6.037 G -.1(ke).8 G 1.036
(ns are copied directly from the RHS unless the).1 F 3.536(yb)-.15 G -.15(eg)
430.772 160.2 S 1.036(in with a dollar).15 F 2.5(sign. Metasymbols)117 172.2 R
(are:)2.5 E F0($)157 188.4 Q F2(n)A F1(Substitute inde\214nite tok)207.55 188.4
Q(en)-.1 E F2(n)2.5 E F1(from LHS)2.5 E F0($[)157 200.4 Q F2(name)A F0($])A F1
(Canonicalize)207.55 200.4 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0($\()157 212.4 Q F2(map k)A -.3
(ey)-.1 G F0($@)2.8 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0($:)2.5 E F2(default)A F0($\))
2.5 E F1(Generalized k)207.55 224.4 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(ed mapping function).15 E
F0($>)157 236.4 Q F2(n)A F1(\231Call\232 ruleset)207.55 236.4 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0
($#)157 248.4 Q F2(mailer)A F1(Resolv)207.55 248.4 Q 2.5(et)-.15 G(o)244.9
248.4 Q F2(mailer)2.5 E F0($@)157 260.4 Q F2(host)A F1(Specify)207.55 260.4 Q
F2(host)2.5 E F0($:)157 272.4 Q F2(user)A F1(Specify)207.55 272.4 Q F2(user)2.5
E F1(The)142 292.8 Q F0($)3.136 E F2(n)A F1 .637
(syntax substitutes the corresponding v)3.136 F .637(alue from a)-.25 F F0($+)
3.137 E F1(,)A F0<24ad>3.137 E F1(,)A F0($*)3.137 E F1(,)A F0($=)3.137 E F1
3.137(,o)C(r)448.489 292.8 Q F0($~)3.137 E F1 .637(match on)3.137 F(the LHS.)
117 304.8 Q(It may be used an)5 E(ywhere.)-.15 E 2.706(Ah)142 321 S .206
(ost name enclosed between)156.926 321 R F0($[)2.706 E F1(and)2.706 E F0($])
2.706 E F1 .206(is look)2.706 F .205
(ed up in the host database\(s\) and replaced)-.1 F 1.683
(by the canonical name)117 335 R/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(13)211.749 331 Q F1
6.683(.F)218.749 335 S 1.683(or e)233.342 335 R 1.683
(xample, \231$[ftp$]\232 might become \231ftp.CS.Berk)-.15 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)
-.15 G 1.683(EDU\232 and).65 F 2.707(\231$[[128.32.130.2]$]\232 w)117 347 R
2.707(ould become \231v)-.1 F(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G
(EDU.).65 E<9a>-.7 E F2(Sendmail)7.707 E F1 2.706(recognizes it')5.206 F(s)-.55
E(numeric IP address without calling the name serv)117 359 Q
(er and replaces it with it')-.15 E 2.5(sc)-.55 G(anonical name.)424.3 359 Q
(The)142 375.2 Q F0($\()3.003 E F1(...)3.003 E F0($\))5.503 E F1 .503
(syntax is a more general form of lookup; it uses a named map instead of an)
3.003 F .81(implicit map.)117 387.2 R .81(If no lookup is found, the indicated)
5.81 F F2(default)3.309 E F1 .809(is inserted; if no def)3.309 F .809
(ault is speci\214ed)-.1 F .775(and no lookup matches, the v)117 399.2 R .776
(alue is left unchanged.)-.25 F(The)5.776 E F2(ar)3.276 E(guments)-.37 E F1
.776(are passed to the map for)3.276 F(possible use.)117 411.2 Q(The)142 427.4
Q F0($>)2.62 E F2(n)A F1 .119(syntax causes the remainder of the line to be su\
bstituted as usual and then passed)2.62 F .586(as the ar)117 439.4 R .586
(gument to ruleset)-.18 F F2(n)3.086 E F1 5.586(.T)C .586(he \214nal v)244.206
439.4 R .586(alue of ruleset)-.25 F F2(n)3.087 E F1 .587
(then becomes the substitution for this)3.087 F 3.075(rule. The)117 451.4 R F0
($>)3.075 E F1 .575(syntax can only be used at the be)3.075 F .575
(ginning of the right hand side; it can be only be)-.15 F(preceded by)117 463.4
Q F0($@)2.5 E F1(or)2.5 E F0($:)2.5 E F1(.)A(The)142 479.6 Q F0($#)2.507 E F1
.007(syntax should)2.507 F F2(only)2.507 E F1 .008
(be used in ruleset zero or a subroutine of ruleset zero.)2.507 F .008
(It causes)5.008 F -.25(eva)117 491.6 S .685
(luation of the ruleset to terminate immediately).25 F 3.184(,a)-.65 G .684
(nd signals to)329.502 491.6 R F2(sendmail)3.184 E F1 .684
(that the address has)3.184 F(completely resolv)117 503.6 Q 2.5(ed. The)-.15 F
(complete syntax is:)2.5 E F0($#)157 519.8 Q F2(mailer)A F0($@)2.5 E F2(host)A
F0($:)2.5 E F2(user)A F1 1.394(This speci\214es the {mailer)117 536 R 3.894(,h)
-.4 G 1.394(ost, user} 3-tuple necessary to direct the mailer)234.466 536 R
6.394(.I)-.55 G 3.894(ft)444.548 536 S 1.394(he mailer is)454.552 536 R .774
(local the host part may be omitted)117 550 R F3(14)257.744 546 Q F1 5.774(.T)
264.744 550 S(he)279.128 550 Q F2(mailer)3.274 E F1 .775(must be a single w)
3.274 F .775(ord, b)-.1 F .775(ut the)-.2 F F2(host)3.275 E F1(and)3.275 E F2
(user)3.275 E F1 .253(may be multi-part.)117 562 R .253(If the)5.253 F F2
(mailer)2.753 E F1 .253(is the b)2.753 F .253(uiltin IPC mailer)-.2 F 2.753(,t)
-.4 G(he)354.733 562 Q F2(host)2.753 E F1 .253(may be a colon-separated list)
2.753 F .5(of hosts that are searched in order for the \214rst w)117 574 R .5
(orking address \(e)-.1 F .5(xactly lik)-.15 F 3(eM)-.1 G 3(Xr)437.47 574 S 3
(ecords\). The)451.02 574 R F2(user)117 586 Q F1 .036(is later re)2.536 F .036
(written by the mailer)-.25 F .036(-speci\214c en)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .036
(lope re).15 F .036(writing set and assigned to the)-.25 F F0($u)2.536 E F1
(macro.)2.536 E .492(As a special case, if the v)117 598 R .492(alue to)-.25 F
F0($#)2.992 E F1 .492(is \231local\232 and the \214rst character of the)2.992 F
F0($:)2.992 E F1 -.25(va)2.992 G .492(lue is \231@\232, the).25 F .017
(\231@\232 is stripped of)117 610 R .017(f, and a \215ag is set in the address\
 descriptor that causes sendmail to not do rule-)-.25 F(set 5 processing.)117
622 Q(Normally)142 638.2 Q 3.251(,ar)-.65 G .751
(ule that matches is retried, that is, the rule loops until it f)196.452 638.2
R 3.252(ails. A)-.1 F .752(RHS may)3.252 F 1.086(also be preceded by a)117
650.2 R F0($@)3.586 E F1 1.085(or a)3.585 F F0($:)3.585 E F1 1.085
(to change this beha)3.585 F(vior)-.2 E 6.085(.A)-.55 G F0($@)375.685 650.2 Q
F1 1.085(pre\214x causes the ruleset to)3.585 F .32 LW 76 659.8 72 659.8 DL 80
659.8 76 659.8 DL 84 659.8 80 659.8 DL 88 659.8 84 659.8 DL 92 659.8 88 659.8
DL 96 659.8 92 659.8 DL 100 659.8 96 659.8 DL 104 659.8 100 659.8 DL 108 659.8
104 659.8 DL 112 659.8 108 659.8 DL 116 659.8 112 659.8 DL 120 659.8 116 659.8
DL 124 659.8 120 659.8 DL 128 659.8 124 659.8 DL 132 659.8 128 659.8 DL 136
659.8 132 659.8 DL 140 659.8 136 659.8 DL 144 659.8 140 659.8 DL 148 659.8 144
659.8 DL 152 659.8 148 659.8 DL 156 659.8 152 659.8 DL 160 659.8 156 659.8 DL
164 659.8 160 659.8 DL 168 659.8 164 659.8 DL 172 659.8 168 659.8 DL 176 659.8
172 659.8 DL 180 659.8 176 659.8 DL 184 659.8 180 659.8 DL 188 659.8 184 659.8
DL 192 659.8 188 659.8 DL 196 659.8 192 659.8 DL 200 659.8 196 659.8 DL 204
659.8 200 659.8 DL 208 659.8 204 659.8 DL 212 659.8 208 659.8 DL 216 659.8 212
659.8 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(13)93.6 670.2 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF
(This is actually completely equi)3.2 I -.2(va)-.2 G(lent to $\(host).2 E/F6 8
/Times-Italic@0 SF(hostname)2 E F5 2($\). In)B(particular)2 E 2(,a)-.32 G/F7 8
/Times-Bold@0 SF($:)A F5(def)2 E(ault can be used.)-.08 E F4(14)93.6 683.8 Q F5
-.88(Yo)3.2 K 2.726(um).88 G .726(ay w)120.446 687 R .726
(ant to use it for special \231per user\232 e)-.08 F 2.726(xtensions. F)-.12 F
.726(or e)-.12 F .725
(xample, in the address \231jgm+foo@CMU.EDU\232; the \231+foo\232)-.12 F(part \
is not part of the user name, and is passed to the local mailer for local use.)
72 696.6 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-30 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.46
(return with the remainder of the RHS as the v)117 96 R 3.96(alue. A)-.25 F F0
($:)3.96 E F1 1.46(pre\214x causes the rule to terminate)3.96 F(immediately)117
108 Q 3.756(,b)-.65 G 1.256(ut the ruleset to continue; this can be used to a)
177.406 108 R -.2(vo)-.2 G 1.256(id continued application of a).2 F 2.5
(rule. The)117 120 R(pre\214x is stripped before continuing.)2.5 E(The)142
136.2 Q F0($@)2.5 E F1(and)2.5 E F0($:)2.5 E F1(pre\214x)2.5 E
(es may precede a)-.15 E F0($>)2.5 E F1(spec; for e)2.5 E(xample:)-.15 E 20.19
(R$+ $:)157 152.4 R($>7 $1)2.5 E 1.256(matches an)117 168.6 R 1.256
(ything, passes that to ruleset se)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.256
(n, and continues; the).15 F F0($:)3.756 E F1 1.256(is necessary to a)3.756 F
-.2(vo)-.2 G 1.256(id an).2 F(in\214nite loop.)117 180.6 Q 1.205(Substitution \
occurs in the order described, that is, parameters from the LHS are substi-)142
196.8 R .219(tuted, hostnames are canonicalized, \231subroutines\232 are calle\
d, and \214nally)117 208.8 R F0($#)2.719 E F1(,)A F0($@)2.719 E F1 2.72(,a)C
(nd)448.64 208.8 Q F0($:)2.72 E F1 .22(are pro-)2.72 F(cessed.)117 220.8 Q F0
2.5(5.1.3. Semantics)102 244.8 R(of r)2.5 E(ewriting rule sets)-.18 E F1 1.523
(There are \214v)142 261 R 4.023(er)-.15 G -.25(ew)207.779 261 S 1.523
(riting sets that ha).25 F 1.823 -.15(ve s)-.2 H 1.523(peci\214c semantics.).15
F -.15(Fo)6.523 G 1.523(ur of these are related as).15 F
(depicted by \214gure 1.)117 273 Q 1.029
(Ruleset three should turn the address into \231canonical form.)142 289.2 R
6.029<9a54>-.7 G 1.03(his form should ha)401.351 289.2 R 1.33 -.15(ve t)-.2 H
(he).15 E(basic syntax:)117 301.2 Q(local-part@host-domain-spec)157 317.4 Q
(Ruleset three is applied by)117 333.6 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.5 E
F1(before doing an)2.5 E(ything with an)-.15 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(ddress.)396.39
333.6 Q .302(If no \231@\232 sign is speci\214ed, then the host-domain-spec)142
349.8 R F2(may)2.801 E F1 .301(be appended \(box \231D\232 in Fig-)2.801 F .577
(ure 1\) from the sender address \(if the)117 361.8 R F0(C)3.077 E F1 .577
(\215ag is set in the mailer de\214nition corresponding to the)3.077 F F2
(sending)117 373.8 Q F1(mailer\).)2.5 E 1.021(Ruleset zero is applied after ru\
leset three to addresses that are going to actually specify)142 390 R 3.663
(recipients. It)117 402 R 1.163(must resolv)3.663 F 3.663(et)-.15 G 3.664(oa)
232.602 402 S F2({mailer)A 3.664(,h)-1.11 G 1.164(ost, user})289.534 402 R F1
3.664(triple. The)3.664 F F2(mailer)3.664 E F1 1.164(must be de\214ned in the)
3.664 F .752(mailer de\214nitions from the con\214guration \214le.)117 414 R
(The)5.751 E F2(host)3.251 E F1 .751(is de\214ned into the)3.251 F F0($h)3.251
E F1 .751(macro for use in)3.251 F(the ar)117 426 Q(gv e)-.18 E
(xpansion of the speci\214ed mailer)-.15 E(.)-.55 E .452(Rulesets one and tw)
142 442.2 R 2.952(oa)-.1 G .452
(re applied to all sender and recipient addresses respecti)235.918 442.2 R -.15
(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.453(.T)-.65 G(he)489.71 442.2 Q(y)-.15 E
(are applied before an)117 454.2 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G
(peci\214cation in the mailer de\214nition.)212.37 454.2 Q(The)5 E 2.5(ym)-.15
G(ust ne)391.1 454.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rr).15 G(esolv)432.91 454.2 Q(e.)-.15
E .4 LW 77 483.6 72 483.6 DL 79 483.6 74 483.6 DL 84 483.6 79 483.6 DL 89 483.6
84 483.6 DL 94 483.6 89 483.6 DL 99 483.6 94 483.6 DL 104 483.6 99 483.6 DL 109
483.6 104 483.6 DL 114 483.6 109 483.6 DL 119 483.6 114 483.6 DL 124 483.6 119
483.6 DL 129 483.6 124 483.6 DL 134 483.6 129 483.6 DL 139 483.6 134 483.6 DL
144 483.6 139 483.6 DL 149 483.6 144 483.6 DL 154 483.6 149 483.6 DL 159 483.6
154 483.6 DL 164 483.6 159 483.6 DL 169 483.6 164 483.6 DL 174 483.6 169 483.6
DL 179 483.6 174 483.6 DL 184 483.6 179 483.6 DL 189 483.6 184 483.6 DL 194
483.6 189 483.6 DL 199 483.6 194 483.6 DL 204 483.6 199 483.6 DL 209 483.6 204
483.6 DL 214 483.6 209 483.6 DL 219 483.6 214 483.6 DL 224 483.6 219 483.6 DL
229 483.6 224 483.6 DL 234 483.6 229 483.6 DL 239 483.6 234 483.6 DL 244 483.6
239 483.6 DL 249 483.6 244 483.6 DL 254 483.6 249 483.6 DL 259 483.6 254 483.6
DL 264 483.6 259 483.6 DL 269 483.6 264 483.6 DL 274 483.6 269 483.6 DL 279
483.6 274 483.6 DL 284 483.6 279 483.6 DL 289 483.6 284 483.6 DL 294 483.6 289
483.6 DL 299 483.6 294 483.6 DL 304 483.6 299 483.6 DL 309 483.6 304 483.6 DL
314 483.6 309 483.6 DL 319 483.6 314 483.6 DL 324 483.6 319 483.6 DL 329 483.6
324 483.6 DL 334 483.6 329 483.6 DL 339 483.6 334 483.6 DL 344 483.6 339 483.6
DL 349 483.6 344 483.6 DL 354 483.6 349 483.6 DL 359 483.6 354 483.6 DL 364
483.6 359 483.6 DL 369 483.6 364 483.6 DL 374 483.6 369 483.6 DL 379 483.6 374
483.6 DL 384 483.6 379 483.6 DL 389 483.6 384 483.6 DL 394 483.6 389 483.6 DL
399 483.6 394 483.6 DL 404 483.6 399 483.6 DL 409 483.6 404 483.6 DL 414 483.6
409 483.6 DL 419 483.6 414 483.6 DL 424 483.6 419 483.6 DL 429 483.6 424 483.6
DL 434 483.6 429 483.6 DL 439 483.6 434 483.6 DL 444 483.6 439 483.6 DL 449
483.6 444 483.6 DL 454 483.6 449 483.6 DL 459 483.6 454 483.6 DL 464 483.6 459
483.6 DL 469 483.6 464 483.6 DL 474 483.6 469 483.6 DL 479 483.6 474 483.6 DL
484 483.6 479 483.6 DL 489 483.6 484 483.6 DL 494 483.6 489 483.6 DL 499 483.6
494 483.6 DL 504 483.6 499 483.6 DL(addr)91.915 578 Q 133.2 576 111.6 576 DL
133.2 576 126 577.8 DL 133.2 576 126 574.2 DL(3)141.5 578 Q 133.2 565.2 133.2
586.8 DL 154.8 565.2 133.2 565.2 DL 154.8 586.8 154.8 565.2 DL 133.2 586.8
154.8 586.8 DL 176.4 576 154.8 576 DL 176.4 576 169.2 577.8 DL 176.4 576 169.2
574.2 DL(D)183.59 578 Q 176.4 565.2 176.4 586.8 DL 198 565.2 176.4 565.2 DL 198
586.8 198 565.2 DL 176.4 586.8 198 586.8 DL 219.6 576 198 576 DL 277.2 558
255.6 558 DL 277.2 558 270 559.8 DL 277.2 558 270 556.2 DL(1)285.5 560 Q 277.2
547.2 277.2 568.8 DL 298.8 547.2 277.2 547.2 DL 298.8 568.8 298.8 547.2 DL
277.2 568.8 298.8 568.8 DL 320.4 558 298.8 558 DL 320.4 558 313.2 559.8 DL
320.4 558 313.2 556.2 DL(S)328.42 560 Q 320.4 547.2 320.4 568.8 DL 342 547.2
320.4 547.2 DL 342 568.8 342 547.2 DL 320.4 568.8 342 568.8 DL 363.6 558 342
558 DL 277.2 594 255.6 594 DL 277.2 594 270 595.8 DL 277.2 594 270 592.2 DL(2)
285.5 596 Q 277.2 583.2 277.2 604.8 DL 298.8 583.2 277.2 583.2 DL 298.8 604.8
298.8 583.2 DL 277.2 604.8 298.8 604.8 DL 320.4 594 298.8 594 DL 320.4 594
313.2 595.8 DL 320.4 594 313.2 592.2 DL(R)327.865 596 Q 320.4 583.2 320.4 604.8
DL 342 583.2 320.4 583.2 DL 342 604.8 342 583.2 DL 320.4 604.8 342 604.8 DL
363.6 594 342 594 DL 421.2 576 399.6 576 DL 421.2 576 414 577.8 DL 421.2 576
414 574.2 DL(4)429.5 578 Q 421.2 565.2 421.2 586.8 DL 442.8 565.2 421.2 565.2
DL 442.8 586.8 442.8 565.2 DL 421.2 586.8 442.8 586.8 DL 464.4 576 442.8 576 DL
464.4 576 457.2 577.8 DL 464.4 576 457.2 574.2 DL(msg)466.865 578 Q 255.6 558
219.6 576 DL 255.6 594 219.6 576 DL 399.6 576 363.6 558 DL 399.6 576 363.6 594
DL 208.8 522 187.2 522 DL 208.8 522 201.6 523.8 DL 208.8 522 201.6 520.2 DL(0)
217.1 524 Q 208.8 511.2 208.8 532.8 DL 230.4 511.2 208.8 511.2 DL 230.4 532.8
230.4 511.2 DL 208.8 532.8 230.4 532.8 DL 252 522 230.4 522 DL 252 522 244.8
523.8 DL 252 522 244.8 520.2 DL(resolv)265.69 524 Q(ed address)-.15 E 187.2 522
162 576 DL(Figure 1 \212 Re)216.045 624 Q(writing set semantics)-.25 E 2.5
(D\212s)209.35 636 S(ender domain addition)235.46 636 Q 2.5(S\212m)209.35 648 S
(ailer)237.69 648 Q(-speci\214c sender re)-.2 E(writing)-.25 E 2.5(R\212m)
209.35 660 S(ailer)238.8 660 Q(-speci\214c recipient re)-.2 E(writing)-.25 E 77
672 72 672 DL 79 672 74 672 DL 84 672 79 672 DL 89 672 84 672 DL 94 672 89 672
DL 99 672 94 672 DL 104 672 99 672 DL 109 672 104 672 DL 114 672 109 672 DL 119
672 114 672 DL 124 672 119 672 DL 129 672 124 672 DL 134 672 129 672 DL 139 672
134 672 DL 144 672 139 672 DL 149 672 144 672 DL 154 672 149 672 DL 159 672 154
672 DL 164 672 159 672 DL 169 672 164 672 DL 174 672 169 672 DL 179 672 174 672
DL 184 672 179 672 DL 189 672 184 672 DL 194 672 189 672 DL 199 672 194 672 DL
204 672 199 672 DL 209 672 204 672 DL 214 672 209 672 DL 219 672 214 672 DL 224
672 219 672 DL 229 672 224 672 DL 234 672 229 672 DL 239 672 234 672 DL 244 672
239 672 DL 249 672 244 672 DL 254 672 249 672 DL 259 672 254 672 DL 264 672 259
672 DL 269 672 264 672 DL 274 672 269 672 DL 279 672 274 672 DL 284 672 279 672
DL 289 672 284 672 DL 294 672 289 672 DL 299 672 294 672 DL 304 672 299 672 DL
309 672 304 672 DL 314 672 309 672 DL 319 672 314 672 DL 324 672 319 672 DL 329
672 324 672 DL 334 672 329 672 DL 339 672 334 672 DL 344 672 339 672 DL 349 672
344 672 DL 354 672 349 672 DL 359 672 354 672 DL 364 672 359 672 DL 369 672 364
672 DL 374 672 369 672 DL 379 672 374 672 DL 384 672 379 672 DL 389 672 384 672
DL 394 672 389 672 DL 399 672 394 672 DL 404 672 399 672 DL 409 672 404 672 DL
414 672 409 672 DL 419 672 414 672 DL 424 672 419 672 DL 429 672 424 672 DL 434
672 429 672 DL 439 672 434 672 DL 444 672 439 672 DL 449 672 444 672 DL 454 672
449 672 DL 459 672 454 672 DL 464 672 459 672 DL 469 672 464 672 DL 474 672 469
672 DL 479 672 474 672 DL 484 672 479 672 DL 489 672 484 672 DL 494 672 489 672
DL 499 672 494 672 DL 504 672 499 672 DL EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-31)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.266
(Ruleset four is applied to all addresses in the message.)142 96 R 1.265
(It is typically used to translate)6.265 F(internal to e)117 108 Q
(xternal form.)-.15 E F0 2.5(5.1.4. IPC)102 132 R(mailers)2.5 E F1 1.332
(Some special processing occurs if the ruleset zero resolv)142 148.2 R 1.333
(es to an IPC mailer \(that is, a)-.15 F 1.179
(mailer that has \231[IPC]\232 listed as the P)117 160.2 R 1.179(ath in the)
-.15 F F0(M)3.679 E F1 1.179(con\214guration line.)3.679 F 1.178
(The host name passed)6.178 F .168(after \231$@\232 has MX e)117 172.2 R .168
(xpansion performed; this looks the name up in DNS to \214nd alternate deli)
-.15 F(v-)-.25 E(ery sites.)117 184.2 Q(The host name can also be pro)142 200.4
Q(vided as a dotted quad in square brack)-.15 E(ets; for e)-.1 E(xample:)-.15 E
([128.32.149.78])157 216.6 Q(This causes direct con)117 232.8 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G
(rsion of the numeric v).15 E(alue to a TCP/IP host address.)-.25 E .214(The h\
ost name passed in after the \231$@\232 may also be a colon-separated list of \
hosts.)142 249 R(Each)5.213 E .484(is separately MX e)117 261 R .484
(xpanded and the results are concatenated to mak)-.15 F 2.985(e\()-.1 G .485
(essentially\) one long MX)401.165 261 R 3.465(list. The)117 273 R .964
(intent here is to create \231f)3.465 F(ak)-.1 E .964
(e\232 MX records that are not published in DNS for pri)-.1 F -.25(va)-.25 G
(te).25 E(internal netw)117 285 Q(orks.)-.1 E
(As a \214nal special case, the host name can be passed in as a te)142 301.2 Q
(xt string in square brack)-.15 E(ets:)-.1 E([ucb)157 317.4 Q -.25(va)-.15 G
(x.berk).25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(edu]).65 E .312(This form a)117 333.6 R
-.2(vo)-.2 G .312(ids the MX mapping.).2 F F0(N.B.:)5.312 E/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF .313(This is intended only for situations wher)2.812 F 2.813
(ey)-.37 G .313(ou have a)464.494 333.6 R .338(network \214r)117 345.6 R -.15
(ew)-.37 G .337(all or other host that will do special pr).15 F .337
(ocessing for all your mail, so that your MX)-.45 F -.37(re)117 357.6 S(cor).37
E 3.958(dp)-.37 G 1.458(oints to a gate)151.878 357.6 R 1.458(way mac)-.15 F
1.458(hine; this mac)-.15 F 1.459(hine could then do dir)-.15 F 1.459
(ect delivery to mac)-.37 F(hines)-.15 E .09(within your local domain.)117
369.6 R .09(Use of this featur)5.09 F 2.59(ed)-.37 G(ir)306.8 369.6 Q .09
(ectly violates RFC 1123 section 5.3.5: it should)-.37 F(not be used lightly)
117 381.6 Q(.)-.55 E F0 2.5(5.2. D)87 405.6 R 2.5<8a44>2.5 G(e\214ne Macr)
136.44 405.6 Q(o)-.18 E F1 .081
(Macros are named with a single character or with a w)127 421.8 R .082
(ord in {braces}.)-.1 F .082(Single character names)5.082 F .45
(may be selected from the entire ASCII set, b)102 433.8 R .45(ut user)-.2 F .45
(-de\214ned macros should be selected from the set)-.2 F .446
(of upper case letters only)102 445.8 R 5.446(.L)-.65 G -.25(ow)217.72 445.8 S
.446(er case letters and special symbols are used internally).25 F 5.446(.L)
-.65 G .446(ong names)460.504 445.8 R(be)102 457.8 Q .913(ginning with a lo)
-.15 F .913(wer case letter or a punctuation character are reserv)-.25 F .912
(ed for use by sendmail, so)-.15 F(user)102 469.8 Q
(-de\214ned long macro names should be)-.2 E(gin with an upper case letter)-.15
E(.)-.55 E(The syntax for macro de\214nitions is:)127 486 Q F0(D)142 502.2 Q F2
1.666(xv)C(al)-1.666 E F1(where)102 518.4 Q F2(x)3.068 E F1 .568
(is the name of the macro \(which may be a single character or a w)3.068 F .569
(ord in braces\) and)-.1 F F2(val)3.069 E F1(is)3.069 E .479(the v)102 530.4 R
.479(alue it should ha)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 5.479(.T).15 G .478
(here should be no spaces gi)212.395 530.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.978(nt).15 G .478
(hat do not actually belong in the macro)344.284 530.4 R -.25(va)102 542.4 S
(lue.).25 E .494(Macros are interpolated using the construct)127 558.6 R F0($)
2.994 E F2(x)A F1 2.994(,w)C(here)327.638 558.6 Q F2(x)2.994 E F1 .494
(is the name of the macro to be inter)2.994 F(-)-.2 E 2.933(polated. This)102
570.6 R .433(interpolation is done when the con\214guration \214le is read, e)
2.933 F .432(xcept in)-.15 F F0(M)2.932 E F1 2.932(lines. The)2.932 F(spe-)
2.932 E(cial construct)102 582.6 Q F0($&)2.5 E F2(x)A F1(can be used in)2.5 E
F0(R)2.5 E F1(lines to get deferred interpolation.)2.5 E
(Conditionals can be speci\214ed using the syntax:)127 598.8 Q($?x te)142 615 Q
(xt1 $| te)-.15 E(xt2 $.)-.15 E 1.127(This interpolates)102 631.2 R F2(te)3.627
E(xt1)-.2 E F1 1.127(if the macro)3.627 F F0($x)3.627 E F1 1.128(is set, and)
3.628 F F2(te)3.628 E(xt2)-.2 E F1 3.628(otherwise. The)3.628 F 1.128
(\231else\232 \()3.628 F F0($|)A F1 3.628(\)c)C 1.128(lause may be)449.534
631.2 R(omitted.)102 643.2 Q(Lo)127 659.4 Q .58
(wer case macro names are reserv)-.25 F .58(ed to ha)-.15 F .88 -.15(ve s)-.2 H
.58(pecial semantics, used to pass information in).15 F 1.56(or out of)102
671.4 R F2(sendmail)4.06 E F1 4.06(,a)C 1.561(nd special characters are reserv)
190.73 671.4 R 1.561(ed to pro)-.15 F 1.561(vide conditionals, etc.)-.15 F
1.561(Upper case)6.561 F(names \(that is,)102 683.4 Q F0($A)2.5 E F1(through)
2.5 E F0($Z)2.5 E F1 2.5(\)a)C(re speci\214cally reserv)232.82 683.4 Q
(ed for con\214guration \214le authors.)-.15 E 1.303(The follo)127 699.6 R
1.303(wing macros are de\214ned and/or used internally by)-.25 F F2(sendmail)
3.802 E F1 1.302(for interpolation into)3.802 F EP
%%Page: 32 27
%%BeginPageSetup
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-32 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(ar)102 98 Q(gv')
-.18 E 2.792(sf)-.55 G .292(or mailers or for other conte)132.382 98 R 2.793
(xts. The)-.15 F .293(ones mark)2.793 F .293
(ed \207 are information passed into sendmail)-.1 F/F2 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(15)
494.5 94 Q F1(,)501.5 98 Q .036(the ones mark)102 110 R .036
(ed \210 are information passed both in and out of sendmail, and the unmark)-.1
F .035(ed macros are)-.1 F(passed out of sendmail b)102 122 Q
(ut are not otherwise used internally)-.2 E 5(.T)-.65 G(hese macros are:)354.45
122 Q 13.06($a The)102 138.2 R(origination date in RFC 822 format.)2.5 E
(This is e)5 E(xtracted from the Date: line.)-.15 E 12.5($b The)102 154.4 R
(current date in RFC 822 format.)2.5 E 13.06($c The)102 170.6 R .002
(hop count.)2.502 F .002(This is a count of the number of Recei)5.002 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G .003(d: lines plus the v).15 F .003(alue of the)-.25 F F0<ad68>2.503
E F1(com-)2.503 E(mand line \215ag.)127 182.6 Q 12.5($d The)102 198.8 R
(current date in UNIX \(ctime\) format.)2.5 E 8.06($e\207 \(Obsolete;)102 215 R
1.814(use SmtpGreetingMessage option instead.\))4.314 F 1.814
(The SMTP entry message.)6.814 F 1.814(This is)6.814 F 2.008
(printed out when SMTP starts up.)127 227 R 2.008(The \214rst w)7.008 F 2.008
(ord must be the)-.1 F F0($j)4.508 E F1 2.009(macro as speci\214ed by)4.508 F
2.732(RFC821. Def)127 239 R .232(aults to \231$j Sendmail $v ready at $b\232.)
-.1 F .231(Commonly rede\214ned to include the con-)5.231 F(\214guration v)127
251 Q(ersion number)-.15 E 2.5(,e)-.4 G
(.g., \231$j Sendmail $v/$Z ready at $b\232)239.77 251 Q 14.17($f The)102 267.2
R(en)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.4 G(lope sender \(from\) address.).15 E 12.5($g The)102
283.4 R .017(sender address relati)2.517 F .317 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.517(ot).15 G
.017(he recipient.)251.375 283.4 R -.15(Fo)5.017 G 2.517(re).15 G .018
(xample, if)326.386 283.4 R F0($f)2.518 E F1 .018(is \231foo\232,)2.518 F F0
($g)2.518 E F1 .018(will be \231host!foo\232,)2.518 F
(\231foo@host.domain\232, or whate)127 295.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G 2.5
(sa)264.95 295.4 S(ppropriate for the recei)275.78 295.4 Q(ving mailer)-.25 E
(.)-.55 E 12.5($h The)102 311.6 R(recipient host.)2.5 E
(This is set in ruleset 0 from the $# \214eld of a parsed address.)5 E 14.72
($i The)102 327.8 R(queue id, e.g., \231HAA12345\232.)2.5 E 9.72($j\210 The)102
344 R(\231of)2.747 E .247(\214cial\232 domain name for this site.)-.25 F .247
(This is fully quali\214ed if the full quali\214cation can be)5.247 F 3.093
(found. It)127 356 R/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(must)3.093 E F1 .594(be rede\214n\
ed to be the fully quali\214ed domain name if your system is not con-)3.093 F
(\214gured so that information can \214nd it automatically)127 368 Q(.)-.65 E
12.5($k The)102 384.2 R(UUCP node name \(from the uname system call\).)2.5 E
9.72($l\207 \(Obsolete;)102 400.4 R 1.282(use UnixFromLine option instead.\))
3.782 F 1.282(The format of the UNIX from line.)6.282 F(Unless)6.281 E 1.409
(you ha)127 412.4 R 1.709 -.15(ve c)-.2 H 1.409
(hanged the UNIX mailbox format, you should not change the def).15 F 1.41
(ault, which is)-.1 F(\231From $g)127 424.4 Q($d\232.)5 E 9.72($m The)102 440.6
R .719(domain part of the)3.219 F F3 -.1(ge)3.219 G(thostname).1 E F1 .718
(return v)3.219 F 3.218(alue. Under)-.25 F .718(normal circumstances,)3.218 F
F0($j)3.218 E F1 .718(is equi)3.218 F(v-)-.25 E(alent to)127 452.6 Q F0($w)2.5
E(.$m)-.7 E F1(.)A 7.5($n\207 The)102 468.8 R
(name of the daemon \(for error messages\).)2.5 E(Def)5 E
(aults to \231MAILER-D)-.1 E(AEMON\232.)-.4 E 7.5($o\207 \(Obsolete:)102 485 R
.65(use OperatorChars option instead.\))3.15 F .651
(The set of \231operators\232 in addresses.)5.651 F 3.151(Al)5.651 G .651
(ist of)483.069 485 R .582(characters which will be considered tok)127 497 R
.581(ens and which will separate tok)-.1 F .581(ens when doing pars-)-.1 F
3.277(ing. F)127 509 R .777(or e)-.15 F .777(xample, if \231@\232 were in the)
-.15 F F0($o)3.278 E F1 .778(macro, then the input \231a@b\232 w)3.278 F .778
(ould be scanned as)-.1 F .628(three tok)127 521 R .628(ens: \231a,)-.1 F 3.128
<9a99>-.7 G(@,)204.724 521 Q 3.128<9a61>-.7 G .628(nd \231b)227.742 521 R 4.527
-.7(.\232 D)-.4 H(ef).7 E .627
(aults to \231.:@[]\232, which is the minimum set necessary to)-.1 F .856(do R\
FC 822 parsing; a richer set of operators is \231.:%@!/[]\232, which adds supp\
ort for UUCP)127 533 R(,)-1.11 E(the %-hack, and X.400 addresses.)127 545 Q
12.5($p Sendmail')102 561.2 R 2.5(sp)-.55 G(rocess id.)178.95 561.2 Q 7.5
($q\207 Def)102 577.4 R .404(ault format of sender address.)-.1 F(The)5.404 E
F0($q)2.903 E F1 .403(macro speci\214es ho)2.903 F 2.903(wa)-.25 G 2.903(na)
388.955 577.4 S .403(ddress should appear in a)401.298 577.4 R 1.18
(message when it is def)127 589.4 R 3.681(aulted. Def)-.1 F 1.181
(aults to \231<$g>\232.)-.1 F 1.181(It is commonly rede\214ned to be \231$?x$x)
6.181 F(<$g>$|$g$.)127 601.4 Q 5<9a6f>-.7 G 2.5<7299>186.52 601.4 S
($g$?x \($x\)$.)196.79 601.4 Q(\232, corresponding to the follo)-.7 E(wing tw)
-.25 E 2.5(of)-.1 G(ormats:)403.21 601.4 Q(Eric Allman <eric@CS.Berk)167 617.6
Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU>).65 E(eric@CS.Berk)167 629.6 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65
(y.)-.15 G(EDU \(Eric Allman\)).65 E F3(Sendmail)127 645.8 Q F1
(properly quotes names that ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H
(pecial characters if the \214rst form is used.).15 E 14.17($r Protocol)102 662
R .977(used to recei)3.477 F 1.277 -.15(ve t)-.25 H .976(he message.).15 F .976
(Set from the)5.976 F F0<ad70>3.476 E F1 .976
(command line \215ag or by the SMTP)3.476 F(serv)127 674 Q(er code.)-.15 E .32
LW 76 688.4 72 688.4 DL 80 688.4 76 688.4 DL 84 688.4 80 688.4 DL 88 688.4 84
688.4 DL 92 688.4 88 688.4 DL 96 688.4 92 688.4 DL 100 688.4 96 688.4 DL 104
688.4 100 688.4 DL 108 688.4 104 688.4 DL 112 688.4 108 688.4 DL 116 688.4 112
688.4 DL 120 688.4 116 688.4 DL 124 688.4 120 688.4 DL 128 688.4 124 688.4 DL
132 688.4 128 688.4 DL 136 688.4 132 688.4 DL 140 688.4 136 688.4 DL 144 688.4
140 688.4 DL 148 688.4 144 688.4 DL 152 688.4 148 688.4 DL 156 688.4 152 688.4
DL 160 688.4 156 688.4 DL 164 688.4 160 688.4 DL 168 688.4 164 688.4 DL 172
688.4 168 688.4 DL 176 688.4 172 688.4 DL 180 688.4 176 688.4 DL 184 688.4 180
688.4 DL 188 688.4 184 688.4 DL 192 688.4 188 688.4 DL 196 688.4 192 688.4 DL
200 688.4 196 688.4 DL 204 688.4 200 688.4 DL 208 688.4 204 688.4 DL 212 688.4
208 688.4 DL 216 688.4 212 688.4 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(15)93.6 698.8 Q/F5 8
/Times-Roman@0 SF(As of v)3.2 I(ersion 8.6, all of these macros ha)-.12 E .24
-.12(ve r)-.16 H(easonable def).12 E 2(aults. Pre)-.08 F(vious v)-.2 E
(ersions required that the)-.12 E 2(yb)-.12 G 2(ed)424.728 702 S(e\214ned.)
434.28 702 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-33)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 13.61($s Sender')102 96 R 2.5(sh)
-.55 G(ost name.)168.94 96 Q(Set from the)5 E F0<ad70>2.5 E F1
(command line \215ag or by the SMTP serv)2.5 E(er code.)-.15 E 14.72($t A)102
112.2 R(numeric representation of the current time.)2.5 E 12.5($u The)102 128.4
R(recipient user)2.5 E(.)-.55 E 12.5($v The)102 144.6 R -.15(ve)2.5 G
(rsion number of the).15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.5 E F1(binary)2.5
E(.)-.65 E 5.28($w\210 The)102 160.8 R(hostname of this site.)2.5 E
(This is the root name of this host \(b)5 E(ut see belo)-.2 E 2.5(wf)-.25 G
(or ca)432.64 160.8 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G(ats\).).15 E 12.5($x The)102 177 R
(full name of the sender)2.5 E(.)-.55 E 13.06($z The)102 193.2 R
(home directory of the recipient.)2.5 E 12.5($_ The)102 209.4 R -.25(va)2.5 G
(lidated sender address.).25 E .749
(There are three types of dates that can be used.)127 225.6 R(The)5.749 E F0
($a)3.249 E F1(and)3.249 E F0($b)3.249 E F1 .749(macros are in RFC 822 for)
3.249 F(-)-.2 E(mat;)102 237.6 Q F0($a)3.214 E F1 .714(is the time as e)3.214 F
.713(xtracted from the \231Date:\232 line of the message \(if there w)-.15 F
.713(as one\), and)-.1 F F0($b)3.213 E F1(is)3.213 E .056
(the current date and time \(used for postmarks\).)102 249.6 R .057
(If no \231Date:\232 line is found in the incoming message,)5.056 F F0($a)102
261.6 Q F1 .305(is set to the current time also.)2.805 F(The)5.305 E F0($d)
2.805 E F1 .304(macro is equi)2.805 F -.25(va)-.25 G .304(lent to the).25 F F0
($b)2.804 E F1 .304(macro in UNIX \(ctime\) for)2.804 F(-)-.2 E(mat.)102 273.6
Q .238(The macros)127 289.8 R F0($w)2.738 E F1(,)A F0($j)2.738 E F1 2.738(,a)C
(nd)212.372 289.8 Q F0($m)2.738 E F1 .238
(are set to the identity of this host.)2.738 F F2(Sendmail)5.239 E F1 .239
(tries to \214nd the fully)2.739 F .335
(quali\214ed name of the host if at all possible; it does this by calling)102
301.8 R F2 -.1(ge)2.834 G(thostname).1 E F1 .334(\(2\) to get the current)B
.457(hostname and then passing that to)102 313.8 R F2 -.1(ge)2.957 G
(thostbyname).1 E F1 .457(\(3\) which is supposed to return the canonical v)B
(er)-.15 E(-)-.2 E .279(sion of that host name.)102 327.8 R/F3 7/Times-Roman@0
SF(16)193.946 323.8 Q F1 .279(Assuming this is successful,)203.725 327.8 R F0
($j)2.778 E F1 .278(is set to the fully quali\214ed name and)2.778 F F0($m)
2.778 E F1(is)2.778 E .706(set to the domain part of the name \(e)102 339.8 R
-.15(ve)-.25 G .706(rything after the \214rst dot\).).15 F(The)5.706 E F0($w)
3.206 E F1 .706(macro is set to the \214rst)3.206 F -.1(wo)102 351.8 S .359
(rd \(e).1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .358(rything before the \214rst dot\) if you ha).15
F .658 -.15(ve a l)-.2 H -2.15 -.25(ev e).15 H 2.858(l5o).25 G 2.858(rh)345
351.8 S .358(igher con\214guration \214le; otherwise, it)356.188 351.8 R .404
(is set to the same v)102 363.8 R .405(alue as)-.25 F F0($j)2.905 E F1 5.405
(.I)C 2.905(ft)229.965 363.8 S .405
(he canoni\214cation is not successful, it is imperati)238.98 363.8 R .705 -.15
(ve t)-.25 H .405(hat the con\214g).15 F(\214le set)102 377.8 Q F0($j)2.5 E F1
(to the fully quali\214ed domain name)2.5 E F3(17)279.77 373.8 Q F1(.)286.77
377.8 Q(The)127 394 Q F0($f)2.833 E F1 .333(macro is the id of the sender as o\
riginally determined; when mailing to a speci\214c host)2.833 F(the)102 406 Q
F0($g)3.224 E F1 .724(macro is set to the address of the sender)3.224 F F2 -.37
(re)3.225 G .725(lative to the r).37 F(ecipient.)-.37 E F1 -.15(Fo)5.725 G
3.225(re).15 G .725(xample, if I send to)423.61 406 R
(\231bollard@matisse.CS.Berk)102 418 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G .425
(EDU\232 from the machine \231v).65 F(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)
-.15 G .424(EDU\232 the).65 F F0($f)2.924 E F1(macro)2.924 E
(will be \231eric\232 and the)102 430 Q F0($g)2.5 E F1
(macro will be \231eric@v)2.5 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G
(EDU.).65 E<9a>-.7 E(The)127 446.2 Q F0($x)2.562 E F1 .062
(macro is set to the full name of the sender)2.562 F 5.062(.T)-.55 G .062
(his can be determined in se)338.824 446.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .063(ral w).15 F
2.563(ays. It)-.1 F .63(can be passed as \215ag to)102 458.2 R F2(sendmail)3.13
E F1 5.629(.I)C 3.129(tc)249.439 458.2 S .629(an be de\214ned in the)259.788
458.2 R/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF -.315(NA)3.129 G(ME).315 E F1(en)3.129 E .629
(vironment v)-.4 F 3.129(ariable. The)-.25 F(third)3.129 E .948
(choice is the v)102 470.2 R .948
(alue of the \231Full-Name:\232 line in the header if it e)-.25 F .949
(xists, and the fourth choice is the)-.15 F .526
(comment \214eld of a \231From:\232 line.)102 482.2 R .526(If all of these f)
5.526 F .526(ail, and if the message is being originated locally)-.1 F(,)-.65 E
(the full name is look)102 494.2 Q(ed up in the)-.1 E F2(/etc/passwd)2.5 E F1
(\214le.)2.5 E 1.32(When sending, the)127 510.4 R F0($h)3.82 E F1(,)A F0($u)
3.82 E F1 3.82(,a)C(nd)246.37 510.4 Q F0($z)3.82 E F1 1.321
(macros get set to the host, user)3.82 F 3.821(,a)-.4 G 1.321
(nd home directory \(if)414.777 510.4 R .517(local\) of the recipient.)102
522.4 R .517(The \214rst tw)5.517 F 3.016(oa)-.1 G .516(re set from the)256.878
522.4 R F0($@)3.016 E F1(and)3.016 E F0($:)3.016 E F1 .516(part of the re)3.016
F .516(writing rules, respec-)-.25 F(ti)102 534.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E(.)
-.65 E(The)127 550.6 Q F0($p)3.806 E F1(and)3.806 E F0($t)3.806 E F1 1.306(mac\
ros are used to create unique strings \(e.g., for the \231Message-Id:\232 \214\
eld\).)3.806 F(The)102 562.6 Q F0($i)3.252 E F1 .751(macro is set to the queue\
 id on this host; if put into the timestamp line it can be e)3.252 F(xtremely)
-.15 E .164(useful for tracking messages.)102 574.6 R(The)5.164 E F0($v)2.664 E
F1 .164(macro is set to be the v)2.664 F .165(ersion number of)-.15 F F2
(sendmail)2.665 E F1 2.665(;t)C .165(his is nor)463.87 574.6 R(-)-.2 E
(mally put in timestamps and has been pro)102 586.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(ne).15
G(xtremely useful for deb)289.31 586.6 Q(ugging.)-.2 E(The)127 602.8 Q F0($c)
3.548 E F1 1.048(\214eld is set to the \231hop count,)3.548 F 3.548<9a69>-.7 G
1.048(.e., the number of times this message has been pro-)290.162 602.8 R 2.856
(cessed. This)102 614.8 R .356(can be determined by the)2.856 F F0<ad68>2.856 E
F1 .357(\215ag on the command line or by counting the timestamps)2.856 F
(in the message.)102 626.8 Q(The)127 643 Q F0($r)2.833 E F1(and)2.833 E F0($s)
2.833 E F1 .333(\214elds are set to the protocol used to communicate with)2.833
F F2(sendmail)2.833 E F1 .333(and the send-)2.833 F .194(ing hostname.)102 655
R(The)5.194 E 2.694(yc)-.15 G .194(an be set together using the)191.032 655 R
F0<ad70>2.694 E F1 .194(command line \215ag or separately using the)2.694 F F0
<ad4d>2.695 E F1(or)102 667 Q F0(\255oM)2.5 E F1(\215ags.)2.5 E .32 LW 76 676.6
72 676.6 DL 80 676.6 76 676.6 DL 84 676.6 80 676.6 DL 88 676.6 84 676.6 DL 92
676.6 88 676.6 DL 96 676.6 92 676.6 DL 100 676.6 96 676.6 DL 104 676.6 100
676.6 DL 108 676.6 104 676.6 DL 112 676.6 108 676.6 DL 116 676.6 112 676.6 DL
120 676.6 116 676.6 DL 124 676.6 120 676.6 DL 128 676.6 124 676.6 DL 132 676.6
128 676.6 DL 136 676.6 132 676.6 DL 140 676.6 136 676.6 DL 144 676.6 140 676.6
DL 148 676.6 144 676.6 DL 152 676.6 148 676.6 DL 156 676.6 152 676.6 DL 160
676.6 156 676.6 DL 164 676.6 160 676.6 DL 168 676.6 164 676.6 DL 172 676.6 168
676.6 DL 176 676.6 172 676.6 DL 180 676.6 176 676.6 DL 184 676.6 180 676.6 DL
188 676.6 184 676.6 DL 192 676.6 188 676.6 DL 196 676.6 192 676.6 DL 200 676.6
196 676.6 DL 204 676.6 200 676.6 DL 208 676.6 204 676.6 DL 212 676.6 208 676.6
DL 216 676.6 212 676.6 DL/F5 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(16)93.6 687 Q/F6 8
/Times-Roman@0 SF -.12(Fo)3.2 K 2(re).12 G(xample, on some systems)115.024
690.2 Q/F7 8/Times-Italic@0 SF -.08(ge)2 G(thostname).08 E F6
(might return \231foo\232 which w)2 E(ould be mapped to \231foo.bar)-.08 E
(.com\232 by)-.44 E F7 -.08(ge)2 G(thostbyname).08 E F6(.)A F5(17)93.6 700.6 Q
F6(Older v)3.2 I(ersions of sendmail didn')-.12 E 2(tp)-.144 G(re-de\214ne)
211.88 703.8 Q/F8 8/Times-Bold@0 SF($j)2 E F6
(at all, so up until 8.6, con\214g \214les)2 E F7(always)2 E F6
(had to de\214ne)2 E F8($j)2 E F6(.)A EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-34 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(The)127 96 Q F0
($_)2.967 E F1 .467(is set to a v)2.967 F .467(alidated sender host name.)-.25
F .466(If the sender is running an RFC 1413 compli-)5.467 F .384
(ant IDENT serv)102 108 R .384(er and the recei)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.884(rh)
.15 G .384(as the IDENT protocol turned on, it will include the user name)
249.254 108 R(on that host.)102 120 Q F0 2.5(5.3. C)87 144 R
(and F \212 De\214ne Classes)2.5 E F1 .66
(Classes of phrases may be de\214ned to match on the left hand side of re)127
160.2 R .659(writing rules, where a)-.25 F .192(\231phrase\232 is a sequence o\
f characters that do not contain space characters.)102 172.2 R -.15(Fo)5.192 G
2.692(re).15 G .192(xample a class of all)421.582 172.2 R 1.428(local names fo\
r this site might be created so that attempts to send to oneself can be elimin\
ated.)102 184.2 R .041(These can either be de\214ned directly in the con\214gu\
ration \214le or read in from another \214le.)102 196.2 R .041(Classes are)
5.041 F .649(named as a single letter or a w)102 208.2 R .649(ord in {braces}.)
-.1 F .649(Class names be)5.649 F .649(ginning with lo)-.15 F .648
(wer case letters and)-.25 F .638(special characters are reserv)102 220.2 R
.638(ed for system use.)-.15 F .639
(Classes de\214ned in con\214g \214les may be gi)5.639 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.139
(nn).15 G(ames)483.45 220.2 Q 1.05
(from the set of upper case letters for short names or be)102 232.2 R 1.05
(ginning with an upper case letter for long)-.15 F(names.)102 244.2 Q
(The syntax is:)127 260.4 Q F0(C)142 276.6 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF 1.666(cp)C
(hr)-1.666 E(ase1 phr)-.15 E(ase2...)-.15 E F0(F)142 288.6 Q F2 1.666<638c>C
(le)-1.666 E F1 .661(The \214rst form de\214nes the class)102 304.8 R F2(c)
3.161 E F1 .661(to match an)3.161 F 3.161(yo)-.15 G 3.161(ft)300.1 304.8 S .661
(he named w)309.371 304.8 R 3.161(ords. It)-.1 F .661
(is permissible to split them)3.161 F(among multiple lines; for e)102 316.8 Q
(xample, the tw)-.15 E 2.5(of)-.1 G(orms:)280.07 316.8 Q(CHmonet ucbmonet)142
333 Q(and)102 349.2 Q(CHmonet)142 365.4 Q(CHucbmonet)142 377.4 Q(are equi)102
393.6 Q -.25(va)-.25 G 2.5(lent. The).25 F -.74(``)2.5 G(F').74 E 2.5('f)-.74 G
(orm reads the elements of the class)206.65 393.6 Q F2(c)2.5 E F1
(from the named)2.5 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F1(.)A 1.339
(Elements of classes can be accessed in rules using)127 409.8 R F0($=)3.839 E
F1(or)3.839 E F0($~)3.839 E F1 6.339(.T)C(he)392.048 409.8 Q F0($~)3.839 E F1
1.338(\(match entries not in)3.839 F(class\) only matches a single w)102 421.8
Q(ord; multi-w)-.1 E(ord entries in the class are ignored in this conte)-.1 E
(xt.)-.15 E 1.098(The class)127 438 R F0($=w)3.598 E F1 1.098
(is set to be the set of all names this host is kno)3.598 F 1.098(wn by)-.25 F
6.098(.T)-.65 G 1.098(his can be used to)428.506 438 R(match local hostnames.)
102 450 Q(The class)127 466.2 Q F0($=k)2.5 E F1(is set to be the same as)2.5 E
F0($k)2.5 E F1 2.5(,t)C(hat is, the UUCP node name.)297.69 466.2 Q(The class)
127 482.4 Q F0($=m)2.5 E F1
(is set to the set of domains by which this host is kno)2.5 E
(wn, initially just)-.25 E F0($m)2.5 E F1(.)A .239(The class)127 498.6 R F0
($=t)2.739 E F1 .239(is set to the set of trusted users by the)2.739 F F0(T)
2.739 E F1 .239(con\214guration line.)2.739 F .239(If you w)5.239 F .239
(ant to read)-.1 F(trusted users from a \214le use)102 510.6 Q F0(Ft)2.5 E F2
(/\214le/name)A F1(.)A .635(The class)127 526.8 R F0($=n)3.135 E F1 .635
(can be set to the set of MIME body types that can ne)3.135 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
3.136(rb).15 G 3.136(ee)426.306 526.8 S .636(ight to se)438.322 526.8 R -.15
(ve)-.25 G 3.136(nb).15 G(it)498.44 526.8 Q 2.76(encoded. It)102 538.8 R(def)
2.76 E .26(aults to \231multipart/signed\232.)-.1 F .26
(Message types \231message/*\232 and \231multipart/*\232 are ne)5.26 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G(r).15 E .942(encoded directly)102 550.8 R 5.942(.M)-.65 G .943
(ultipart messages are al)185.994 550.8 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .943(ys handled recursi)
.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.943(.T)-.65 G .943(he handling of message/*)
399.241 550.8 R .658(messages are controlled by class)102 562.8 R F0($=s)3.158
E F1 5.658(.T)C .657(he class)266.618 562.8 R F0($=e)3.157 E F1 .657
(contains the Content-T)3.157 F(ransfer)-.35 E .657(-Encodings that)-.2 F .007
(can be 8)102 574.8 R/F3 10/Symbol SF<ae>A F1 2.507(7b)C .007(it encoded.)
157.711 574.8 R .007
(It is prede\214ned to contain \2317bit\232, \2318bit\232, and \231binary\232.)
5.007 F .007(The class)5.007 F F0($=s)2.507 E F1(con-)2.508 E 1.52
(tains the set of subtypes of message that can be treated recursi)102 586.8 R
-.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 6.52(.B)-.65 G 4.02(yd)398.58 586.8 S(ef)412.6 586.8 Q
1.52(ault it contains only)-.1 F 3.213(\231rfc822\232. Other)102 598.8 R .713
(\231message/*\232 types cannot be 8)3.213 F F3<ae>A F1 3.214(7b)C .714
(it encoded.)319.862 598.8 R .714(If a message containing eight bit)5.714 F
1.714(data is sent to a se)102 610.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.214(nb).15 G 1.714
(it host, and that message cannot be encoded into se)206.314 610.8 R -.15(ve)
-.25 G 4.213(nb).15 G 1.713(its, it will be)448.851 610.8 R
(stripped to 7 bits.)102 622.8 Q F2(Sendmail)127 639 Q F1 .182
(can be compiled to allo)2.682 F 2.682(wa)-.25 G F2(scanf)A F1 .182
(\(3\) string on the)B F0(F)2.682 E F1 2.683(line. This)2.683 F .183
(lets you do simplistic)2.683 F .555(parsing of te)102 651 R .555(xt \214les.)
-.15 F -.15(Fo)5.555 G 3.055(re).15 G .554
(xample, to read all the user names in your system)209.595 651 R F2
(/etc/passwd)3.054 E F1 .554(\214le into a)3.054 F(class, use)102 663 Q
(FL/etc/passwd %[^:])142 679.2 Q(which reads e)102 695.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ry line up to the \214rst colon.).15 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-35)452.9 60 Q 2.5(5.4. M)87 96 R 2.5<8a44>2.5 G(e\214ne Mailer)138.66
96 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(Programs and interf)127 112.2 Q
(aces to mailers are de\214ned in this line.)-.1 E(The format is:)5 E F0(M)142
128.4 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)A F1 2.5(,{)C F2(\214eld)182.9 128.4 Q F1
(=)A F2(value)A F1(}*)1.666 E(where)102 144.6 Q F2(name)4.244 E F1 1.744(is th\
e name of the mailer \(used internally only\) and the \231\214eld=name\232 pai\
rs de\214ne)4.244 F(attrib)102 156.6 Q(utes of the mailer)-.2 E 5(.F)-.55 G
(ields are:)205.13 156.6 Q -.15(Pa)142 172.8 S 51.87(th The).15 F
(pathname of the mailer)2.5 E 47.83(Flags Special)142 184.8 R
(\215ags for this mailer)2.5 E 41.73(Sender Re)142 196.8 R
(writing set\(s\) for sender addresses)-.25 E 31.17(Recipient Re)142 208.8 R
(writing set\(s\) for recipient addresses)-.25 E(Ar)142 220.8 Q 49.13(gv An)
-.18 F(ar)2.5 E(gument v)-.18 E(ector to pass to this mailer)-.15 E 55.61
(Eol The)142 232.8 R(end-of-line string for this mailer)2.5 E 35.62
(Maxsize The)142 244.8 R(maximum message length to this mailer)2.5 E 32.27
(Linelimit The)142 256.8 R(maximum line length in the message body)2.5 E 31.18
(Directory The)142 268.8 R -.1(wo)2.5 G(rking directory for the mailer).1 E
42.84(Userid The)142 280.8 R(def)2.5 E(ault user and group id to run as)-.1 E
50.62(Nice The)142 292.8 R(nice\(2\) increment for the mailer)2.5 E 38.95
(Charset The)142 304.8 R(def)2.5 E(ault character set for 8-bit characters)-.1
E -.8(Ty)142 316.8 S 49.75(pe The).8 F
(MTS type information \(used for error messages\))2.5 E
(Only the \214rst character of the \214eld name is check)102 333 Q(ed.)-.1 E
.397(The follo)127 349.2 R .396
(wing \215ags may be set in the mailer description.)-.25 F(An)5.396 E 2.896(yo)
-.15 G .396(ther \215ags may be used freely)386.77 349.2 R .075
(to conditionally assign headers to messages destined for particular mailers.)
102 361.2 R .075(Flags mark)5.075 F .075(ed with \207 are)-.1 F 1.193
(not interpreted by the)102 373.2 R F2(sendmail)3.693 E F1 1.193
(binary; these are the con)3.693 F -.15(ve)-.4 G 1.192
(ntionally used to correlate to the \215ags).15 F .737(portion of the)102 385.2
R F0(H)3.237 E F1 3.237(line. Flags)3.237 F(mark)3.237 E .737
(ed with \210 apply to the mailers for the sender address rather than)-.1 F
(the usual recipient mailers.)102 397.2 Q 15.56(aR)102 413.4 S .987(un Extende\
d SMTP \(ESMTP\) protocol \(de\214ned in RFCs 1651, 1652, and 1653\).)128.67
413.4 R .986(This \215ag)5.987 F(def)122 425.4 Q
(aults on if the SMTP greeting message includes the w)-.1 E(ord \231ESMTP\232.)
-.1 E 12.78(AL)102 441.6 S .762
(ook up the user part of the address in the alias database.)128.11 441.6 R .763
(Normally this is only set for local)5.762 F(mailers.)122 453.6 Q 15(bF)102
469.8 S .456(orce a blank line on the end of a message.)127.41 469.8 R .456
(This is intended to w)5.456 F .456(ork around some stupid v)-.1 F(er)-.15 E(-)
-.2 E .361(sions of /bin/mail that require a blank line, b)122 481.8 R .362
(ut do not pro)-.2 F .362(vide it themselv)-.15 F 2.862(es. It)-.15 F -.1(wo)
2.862 G .362(uld not nor).1 F(-)-.2 E(mally be used on netw)122 493.8 Q
(ork mail.)-.1 E 15.56(cD)102 510 S 2.663(on)129.22 510 S .163
(ot include comments in addresses.)141.883 510 R .163
(This should only be used if you ha)5.163 F .463 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.663(ow).15 G
.163(ork around a)453.135 510 R 1.846
(remote mailer that gets confused by comments.)122 522 R 1.846
(This strips addresses of the form \231Phrase)6.846 F
(<address>\232 or \231address \(Comment\)\232 do)122 534 Q
(wn to just \231address\232.)-.25 E 5.83(C\210 If)102 550.2 R .214(mail is)
2.714 F F2 -.37(re)2.714 G(ceived).37 E F1 .213
(from a mailer with this \215ag set, an)2.713 F 2.713(ya)-.15 G .213
(ddresses in the header that do not ha)348.169 550.2 R -.15(ve)-.2 G .97
(an at sign \(\231@\232\) after being re)122 562.2 R .97
(written by ruleset three will ha)-.25 F 1.27 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .97
(he \231@domain\232 clause from).15 F(the sender en)122 574.2 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G
(lope address tack).15 E(ed on.)-.1 E(This allo)5 E
(ws mail with headers of the form:)-.25 E(From: usera@hosta)162 590.4 Q -.8(To)
162 602.4 S 2.5(:u).8 G(serb@hostb, userc)182.59 602.4 Q(to be re)122 618.6 Q
(written as:)-.25 E(From: usera@hosta)162 634.8 Q -.8(To)162 646.8 S 2.5(:u).8
G(serb@hostb, userc@hosta)182.59 646.8 Q(automatically)122 663 Q 5(.H)-.65 G
-.25(ow)190.51 663 S -2.15 -.25(ev e).25 H .8 -.4(r, i).25 H 2.5(td).4 G(oesn')
236.95 663 Q 2.5(tr)-.18 G(eally w)267.04 663 Q(ork reliably)-.1 E(.)-.65 E
5.28(D\207 This)102 679.2 R(mailer w)2.5 E(ants a \231Date:\232 header line.)
-.1 E 15.56(eT)102 695.4 S .174(his mailer is e)128.11 695.4 R(xpensi)-.15 E
.474 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.674(oc).15 G .173(onnect to, so try to a)237.03 695.4 R
-.2(vo)-.2 G .173(id connecting normally; an).2 F 2.673(yn)-.15 G .173
(ecessary con-)449.687 695.4 R(nection will occur during a queue run.)122 707.4
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-36 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 13.89(EE)102 96
S(scape lines be)128.11 96 Q
(ginning with \231From\232 in the message with a `>' sign.)-.15 E 16.67(fT)102
112.2 S .19(he mailer w)128.11 112.2 R .19(ants a)-.1 F F0<ad66>2.69 E/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(fr)2.69 E(om)-.45 E F1 .19(\215ag, b)2.69 F .19
(ut only if this is a netw)-.2 F .19(ork forw)-.1 F .19
(ard operation \(i.e., the mailer)-.1 F(will gi)122 124.2 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H
2.5(ne).15 G(rror if the e)175.76 124.2 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G
(cuting user does not ha).15 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H(pecial permissions\).).15 E
6.94(F\207 This)102 140.4 R(mailer w)2.5 E(ants a \231From:\232 header line.)
-.1 E 15(gN)102 156.6 S(ormally)129.22 156.6 Q(,)-.65 E F2(sendmail)4.893 E F1
2.393(sends internally generated email \(e.g., error messages\) using the null)
4.893 F 1.327(return address as required by RFC 1123.)122 168.6 R(Ho)6.327 E
(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.127 -.4(r, s).15 H 1.327(ome mailers don').4 F
3.827(ta)-.18 G 1.328(ccept a null return)427.537 168.6 R 3.311(address. If)122
180.6 R(necessary)3.311 E 3.311(,y)-.65 G .811(ou can set the)219.303 180.6 R
F0(g)3.311 E F1 .811(\215ag to pre)3.311 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt).15 E F2(sendmail)
3.31 E F1 .81(from obe)3.31 F .81(ying the standards;)-.15 F 1.57
(error messages will be sent as from the MAILER-D)122 192.6 R 1.57
(AEMON \(actually)-.4 F 4.07(,t)-.65 G 1.57(he v)425.76 192.6 R 1.57
(alue of the)-.25 F F0($n)4.07 E F1(macro\).)122 204.6 Q 15(hU)102 220.8 S
(pper case should be preserv)129.22 220.8 Q(ed in host names for this mailer)
-.15 E(.)-.55 E 16.67(IT)102 237 S .475
(his mailer will be speaking SMTP to another)128.11 237 R F2(sendmail)2.974 E
F1 2.974<8a61>2.974 G 2.974(ss)370.066 237 S .474
(uch it can use special protocol)380.82 237 R 3.632(features. This)122 249 R
1.133(option is not required \(i.e., if this option is omitted the transmissio\
n will still)3.632 F(operate successfully)122 261 Q 2.5(,a)-.65 G
(lthough perhaps not as ef)211.6 261 Q(\214ciently as possible\).)-.25 E 15(kN)
102 277.2 S 1.03(ormally when)129.22 277.2 R F2(sendmail)3.53 E F1 1.03
(connects to a host via SMTP)3.53 F 3.529(,i)-1.11 G 3.529(tc)356.257 277.2 S
1.029(hecks to mak)367.006 277.2 R 3.529(es)-.1 G 1.029(ure that this isn')
433.593 277.2 R(t)-.18 E .562(accidently the same host name as might happen if)
122 289.2 R F2(sendmail)3.062 E F1 .562(is miscon\214gured or if a long-haul)
3.062 F(netw)122 301.2 Q 1.074(ork interf)-.1 F 1.074
(ace is set in loopback mode.)-.1 F 1.073
(This \215ag disables the loopback check.)6.074 F 1.073(It should)6.073 F
(only be used under v)122 313.2 Q(ery unusual circumstances.)-.15 E 12.78(KC)
102 329.4 S(urrently unimplemented.)128.67 329.4 Q(Reserv)5 E(ed for chunking.)
-.15 E 17.22(lT)102 345.6 S(his mailer is local \(i.e., \214nal deli)128.11
345.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry will be performed\).).15 E 13.89(LL)102 361.8 S .819
(imit the line lengths as speci\214ed in RFC821.)128.11 361.8 R .82
(This deprecated option should be replaced by)5.819 F(the)122 373.8 Q F0(L=)2.5
E F1(mail declaration.)2.5 E -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(rh).15 G(istoric reasons, the)
245.04 373.8 Q F0(L)2.5 E F1(\215ag also sets the)2.5 E F0(7)2.5 E F1(\215ag.)
2.5 E 12.22(mT)102 390 S .464
(his mailer can send to multiple users on the same host in one transaction.)
128.11 390 R .463(When a)5.463 F F0($u)2.963 E F1(macro)2.963 E .731
(occurs in the)122 402 R F2(ar)3.231 E(gv)-.37 E F1 .732(part of the mailer de\
\214nition, that \214eld will be repeated as necessary for all)3.231 F
(qualifying users.)122 414 Q 3.61(M\207 This)102 430.2 R(mailer w)2.5 E
(ants a \231Message-Id:\232 header line.)-.1 E 15(nD)102 446.4 S 2.5(on)129.22
446.4 S(ot insert a UNIX-style \231From\232 line on the front of the message.)
141.72 446.4 Q 15(oA)102 462.6 S -.1(lwa)129.22 462.6 S .816(ys run as the o).1
F .816(wner of the recipient mailbox.)-.25 F(Normally)5.816 E F2(sendmail)3.316
E F1 .816(runs as the sender for)3.316 F .198
(locally generated mail or as \231daemon\232 \(actually)122 474.6 R 2.698(,t)
-.65 G .198(he user speci\214ed in the)321.576 474.6 R F0(u)2.698 E F1 .198
(option\) when deli)2.698 F(v-)-.25 E .981(ering netw)122 486.6 R .981
(ork mail.)-.1 F .981(The normal beha)5.981 F .981
(viour is required by most local mailers, which will not)-.2 F(allo)122 498.6 Q
2.52(wt)-.25 G .02(he en)149.27 498.6 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .021
(lope sender address to be set unless the mailer is running as daemon.).15 F
.021(This \215ag is)5.021 F(ignored if the)122 510.6 Q F0(S)2.5 E F1
(\215ag is set.)2.5 E 15(pU)102 526.8 S .498(se the route-addr style re)129.22
526.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .498(rse-path in the SMTP \231MAIL FR).15 F .497
(OM:\232 command rather than just)-.4 F .385
(the return address; although this is required in RFC821 section 3.1, man)122
538.8 R 2.886(yh)-.15 G .386(osts do not process)427.012 538.8 R(re)122 550.8 Q
-.15(ve)-.25 G(rse-paths properly).15 E 5(.R)-.65 G -2.15 -.25(ev e)224.81
550.8 T(rse-paths are of).25 E(\214cially discouraged by RFC 1123.)-.25 E 6.94
(P\207 This)102 567 R(mailer w)2.5 E(ants a \231Return-P)-.1 E(ath:\232 line.)
-.15 E 16.67(rS)102 583.2 S(ame as)127.56 583.2 Q F0(f)2.5 E F1 2.5(,b)C
(ut sends a)170.68 583.2 Q F0<ad72>2.5 E F1(\215ag.)2.5 E 16.11(sS)102 599.4 S
(trip quote characters \(" and \\\) of)127.56 599.4 Q 2.5(fo)-.25 G 2.5(ft)
266.07 599.4 S(he address before calling the mailer)274.68 599.4 Q(.)-.55 E
14.44(SD)102 615.6 S(on')129.22 615.6 Q 3.332(tr)-.18 G .832
(eset the userid before calling the mailer)151.812 615.6 R 5.831(.T)-.55 G .831
(his w)328.433 615.6 R .831(ould be used in a secure en)-.1 F(vironment)-.4 E
(where)122 627.6 Q F2(sendmail)3.317 E F1 .817(ran as root.)3.317 F .817
(This could be used to a)5.817 F -.2(vo)-.2 G .817(id for).2 F .817
(ged addresses.)-.18 F .817(If the)5.817 F F0(U=)3.317 E F1 .818(\214eld is)
3.317 F .974(also speci\214ed, this \215ag causes the user id to al)122 639.6 R
-.1(wa)-.1 G .974(ys be set to that user and group \(instead of).1 F(lea)122
651.6 Q(ving it as root\).)-.2 E 15(uU)102 667.8 S(pper case should be preserv)
129.22 667.8 Q(ed in user names for this mailer)-.15 E(.)-.55 E 12.78(UT)102
684 S(his mailer w)128.11 684 Q(ants UUCP-style \231From\232 lines with the ug\
ly \231remote from <host>\232 on the end.)-.1 E 12.78(wT)102 700.2 S .565
(he user must ha)128.11 700.2 R .865 -.15(ve a v)-.2 H .566
(alid account on this machine, i.e., getpwnam must succeed.)-.1 F .566
(If not, the)5.566 F(mail is bounced.)122 712.2 Q
(This is required to get \231.forw)5 E(ard\232 capability)-.1 E(.)-.65 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-37)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 7.5(x\207 This)102 96 R(mailer w)
2.5 E(ants a \231Full-Name:\232 header line.)-.1 E 12.78(XT)102 112.2 S .972
(his mailer w)128.11 112.2 R .972
(ant to use the hidden dot algorithm as speci\214ed in RFC821; basically)-.1 F
3.472(,a)-.65 G 1.272 -.15(ny l)475.678 112.2 T(ine).15 E(be)122 124.2 Q .796
(ginning with a dot will ha)-.15 F 1.096 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 3.296(ne).15 G .797
(xtra dot prepended \(to be stripped at the other end\).)267.742 124.2 R(This)
5.797 E(insures that lines in the message containing a dot will not terminate \
the message prematurely)122 136.2 Q(.)-.65 E 15(5I)102 152.4 S 2.717(fn)125.33
152.4 S 2.717(oa)136.377 152.4 S .217(liases are found for this address, pass \
the address through ruleset 5 for possible alternate)148.534 152.4 R 2.5
(resolution. This)122 164.4 R(is intended to forw)2.5 E
(ard the mail to an alternate deli)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry spot.).15 E 15(7S)
102 180.6 S 1.14(trip all output to se)127.56 180.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.64(nb)
.15 G 3.64(its. This)230.36 180.6 R 1.14(is the def)3.64 F 1.141(ault if the)
-.1 F F0(L)3.641 E F1 1.141(\215ag is set.)3.641 F 1.141
(Note that clearing this)6.141 F .295(option is not suf)122 192.6 R .295
(\214cient to get full eight bit data passed through)-.25 F/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.795 E F1 5.295(.I)C 2.795(ft)423.635 192.6 S(he)
432.54 192.6 Q F0(7)2.795 E F1 .295(option is set,)2.795 F .716
(this is essentially al)122 204.6 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .717
(ys set, since the eighth bit w).1 F .717(as stripped on input.)-.1 F .717
(Note that this option)5.717 F(will only impact messages that didn')122 216.6 Q
2.5(th)-.18 G -2.25 -.2(av e)279.04 216.6 T(8)2.7 E/F3 10/Symbol SF<ae>A F1 2.5
(7b)C(it MIME con)322.44 216.6 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G(rsions performed.).15 E 15(8I)
102 232.8 S 3.783(fs)125.33 232.8 S 1.283(et, it is acceptable to send eight b\
it data to this mailer; the usual attempt to do 8)136.333 232.8 R F3<ae>A F1
3.782(7b)C(it)498.44 232.8 Q(MIME con)122 244.8 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G
(rsions will be bypassed.).15 E 17.22(:C)102 261 S .982
(heck addresses to see if the)128.67 261 R 3.482(yb)-.15 G -.15(eg)255.492 261
S .982(in \231:include:\232; if the).15 F 3.482(yd)-.15 G .982(o, con)361.33
261 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .982(rt them to the \231*include*\232).15 F(mailer)122 273
Q(.)-.55 E 18(|C)102 289.2 S(heck addresses to see if the)128.67 289.2 Q 2.5
(yb)-.15 G -.15(eg)249.6 289.2 S(in with a `|'; if the).15 E 2.5(yd)-.15 G
(o, con)343.51 289.2 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G(rt them to the \231prog\232 mailer).15 E
(.)-.55 E 17.22(/C)102 305.4 S(heck addresses to see if the)128.67 305.4 Q 2.5
(yb)-.15 G -.15(eg)249.6 305.4 S(in with a `/'; if the).15 E 2.5(yd)-.15 G
(o, con)344.29 305.4 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G(rt them to the \231*\214le*\232 mailer).15
E(.)-.55 E 10.79(@L)102 321.6 S(ook up addresses in the user database.)128.11
321.6 Q .268(Con\214guration \214les prior to le)127 337.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
2.768(l6a).15 G .268(ssume the `)271.538 337.8 R -1.11(A')-.8 G 2.768(,`)1.11 G
.268(w', `5', `:', `|', `/', and `@' options on the)334.862 337.8 R
(mailer named \231local\232.)102 349.8 Q .306(The mailer with the special name\
 \231error\232 can be used to generate a user error)127 366 R 5.306(.T)-.55 G
.306(he \(optional\))452.314 366 R .324(host \214eld is an e)102 378 R .323
(xit status to be returned, and the user \214eld is a message to be printed.)
-.15 F .323(The e)5.323 F .323(xit sta-)-.15 F .891
(tus may be numeric or one of the v)102 390 R .891(alues USA)-.25 F .891
(GE, NOUSER, NOHOST)-.4 F 3.391(,U)-.74 G -.35(NA)409.869 390 S -1.35(VA)-1 G
.891(ILABLE, SOFT)1.35 F(-)-.92 E -1.2(WA)102 402 S 1.573(RE, TEMPF)1.2 F 1.573
(AIL, PR)-.74 F -1.88 -.4(OT O)-.4 H 1.573
(COL, or CONFIG to return the corresponding EX_ e).4 F 1.572(xit code.)-.15 F
-.15(Fo)6.572 G(r).15 E -.15(ex)102 414 S(ample, the entry:).15 E
($#error $@ NOHOST $: Host unkno)142 430.2 Q(wn in this domain)-.25 E .145(on \
the RHS of a rule will cause the speci\214ed error to be generated and the \
\231Host unkno)102 446.4 R .146(wn\232 e)-.25 F .146(xit sta-)-.15 F
(tus to be returned if the LHS matches.)102 458.4 Q
(This mailer is only functional in rulesets zero or \214v)5 E(e.)-.15 E .468
(The mailer named \231local\232)127 474.6 R F2(must)2.968 E F1 .468
(be de\214ned in e)2.968 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .468(ry con\214guration \214le.).15 F
.468(This is used to deli)5.468 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E .25
(local mail, and is treated specially in se)102 486.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .25
(ral w).15 F 2.75(ays. Additionally)-.1 F 2.75(,t)-.65 G .25
(hree other mailers named \231prog\232,)369.43 486.6 R .942
(\231*\214le*\232, and \231*include*\232 may be de\214ned to tune the deli)102
498.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .942(ry of messages to programs, \214les, and).15 F
(:include: lists respecti)102 510.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5(.T)-.65 G(he)
219 510.6 Q 2.5(yd)-.15 G(ef)240.79 510.6 Q(ault to:)-.1 E
(Mprog, P=/bin/sh, F=lsD, A=sh \255c $u)142 526.8 Q(M*\214le*, P=/de)142 538.8
Q(v/null, F=lsDFMPEu, A=FILE)-.25 E(M*include*, P=/de)142 550.8 Q
(v/null, F=su, A=INCLUDE)-.25 E .615(The Sender and Recipient re)127 571.2 R
.615(writing sets may either be a simple ruleset id or may be tw)-.25 F 3.116
(oi)-.1 G(ds)495.11 571.2 Q .576(separated by a slash; if so, the \214rst re)
102 583.2 R .575(writing set is applied to en)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .575
(lope addresses and the second is).15 F(applied to headers.)102 595.2 Q .196
(The Directory is actually a colon-separated path of directories to try)127
611.4 R 5.197(.F)-.65 G .197(or e)413.019 611.4 R .197(xample, the de\214ni-)
-.15 F .104(tion \231D=$z:/\232 \214rst tries to e)102 623.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G
.104(cute in the recipient').15 F 2.604(sh)-.55 G .104
(ome directory; if that is not a)315.196 623.4 R -.25(va)-.2 G .103
(ilable, it tries to).25 F -.15(exe)102 635.4 S .816
(cute in the root of the \214lesystem.).15 F .816
(This is intended to be used only on the \231prog\232 mailer)5.816 F 3.317(,s)
-.4 G(ince)487.34 635.4 Q .368(some shells \(such as)102 647.4 R F2(csh)2.868 E
F1 2.868(\)r)C .368(efuse to e)210.21 647.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .368(cute if the)
.15 F 2.868(yc)-.15 G .367(annot read the home directory)311.29 647.4 R 5.367
(.S)-.65 G .367(ince the queue)445.506 647.4 R
(directory is not normally readable by unpri)102 659.4 Q(vile)-.25 E(ged users)
-.15 E F2(csh)2.5 E F1(scripts as recipients can f)2.5 E(ail.)-.1 E 1.862
(The Userid speci\214es the def)127 675.6 R 1.863
(ault user and group id to run as, o)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.863(rriding the).15
F F0(DefaultUser)4.363 E F1 .287(option \(q.v)102 687.6 R 2.787(.\). If)-.65 F
(the)2.787 E F0(S)2.787 E F1 .287(mailer \215ag is also speci\214ed, this is t\
he user and group to run as in all circum-)2.787 F 2.587(stances. This)102
699.6 R .088(may be gi)2.587 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.588(na).15 G(s)219.518 699.6 Q
F2(user:gr)2.588 E(oup)-.45 E F1 .088
(to set both the user and group id; either may be an inte)2.588 F(ger)-.15 E
.541(or a symbolic name to be look)102 711.6 R .541(ed up in the)-.1 F F2
(passwd)3.041 E F1(and)3.041 E F2(gr)3.041 E(oup)-.45 E F1 .541
(\214les respecti)3.041 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.541(.I)-.65 G 3.041(fo)
432.657 711.6 S .541(nly a symbolic)444.028 711.6 R
(user name is speci\214ed, the group id in the)102 723.6 Q F2(passwd)2.5 E F1
(\214le for that user is used as the group id.)2.5 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-38 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .545
(The Charset \214eld is used when con)127 96 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .545
(rting a message to MIME; this is the character set used).15 F .466
(in the Content-T)102 108 R .466(ype: header)-.8 F 5.466(.I)-.55 G 2.966(ft)
225.824 108 S .466(his is not set, the)234.9 108 R F0(DefaultCharset)2.966 E F1
.465(option is used, and if that is not)2.965 F .257(set, the v)102 120 R .257
(alue \231unkno)-.25 F .257(wn-8bit\232 is used.)-.25 F F0 -1.2(WA)5.257 G
(RNING:)1.2 E F1 .257(this \214eld applies to the sender')2.757 F 2.758(sm)-.55
G(ailer)453.614 120 Q 2.758(,n)-.4 G .258(ot the)481.242 120 R(recipient')102
132 Q 2.702(sm)-.55 G(ailer)154.142 132 Q 5.202(.F)-.55 G .202(or e)184.474 132
R .202(xample, if the en)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .201
(lope sender address lists an address on the local netw).15 F(ork)-.1 E .48
(and the recipient is on an e)102 144 R .48(xternal netw)-.15 F .48
(ork, the character set will be set from the Charset= \214eld for)-.1 F
(the local netw)102 156 Q(ork mailer)-.1 E 2.5(,n)-.4 G(ot that of the e)208.98
156 Q(xternal netw)-.15 E(ork mailer)-.1 E(.)-.55 E .795(The T)127 172.2 R .795
(ype= \214eld sets the type information used in MIME error messages as de\214n\
ed by RFC)-.8 F .15(XXX \(not yet published\).)102 184.2 R .15
(It is actually three v)5.15 F .151(alues separated by slashes: the MT)-.25 F
.151(A-type \(that is, the)-.93 F .36(description of ho)102 196.2 R 2.86(wh)
-.25 G .359(osts are named\), the address type \(the description of e-mail add\
resses\), and the)185.32 196.2 R .221
(diagnostic type \(the description of error diagnostic codes\).)102 208.2 R
.222(Each of these must be a re)5.221 F .222(gistered v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E
(or be)102 220.2 Q(gin with \231X\255\232.)-.15 E(The def)5 E
(ault is \231dns/rfc822/smtp\232.)-.1 E F0 2.5(5.5. H)87 244.2 R 2.5<8a44>2.5 G
(e\214ne Header)137 244.2 Q F1 1.136(The format of the header lines that)127
260.4 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.636 E F1 1.135
(inserts into the message are de\214ned by the)3.636 F F0(H)3.635 E F1 2.5
(line. The)102 272.4 R(syntax of this line is:)2.5 E F0(H)142 288.6 Q F1([)A F0
(?)A F2(m\215a)A(gs)-.1 E F0(?)A F1(])A F2(hname)A F0(:)A F2(htemplate)2.5 E F1
1.058(Continuation lines in this spec are re\215ected directly into the outgoi\
ng message.)102 304.8 R(The)6.058 E F2(htemplate)3.558 E F1(is)3.558 E 1.098
(macro e)102 316.8 R 1.098(xpanded before insertion into the message.)-.15 F
1.098(If the)6.098 F F2(m\215a)3.598 E(gs)-.1 E F1 1.097
(\(surrounded by question marks\))3.597 F .161(are speci\214ed, at least one o\
f the speci\214ed \215ags must be stated in the mailer de\214nition for this h\
eader)102 328.8 R .192(to be automatically output.)102 340.8 R .191
(If one of these headers is in the input it is re\215ected to the output re)
5.192 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(rd-).05 E(less of these \215ags.)102 352.8 Q
(Some headers ha)127 369 Q .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H
(pecial semantics that will be described later).15 E(.)-.55 E F0 2.5(5.6. O)87
393 R 2.5<8a53>2.5 G(et Option)135.34 393 Q F1 .962(There are a number of glob\
al options that can be set from a con\214guration \214le.)127 409.2 R .963
(Options are)5.963 F .86(represented by full w)102 421.2 R .86
(ords; some are also representable as single characters for back compatibility)
-.1 F(.)-.65 E(The syntax of this line is:)102 433.2 Q F0(O)142 449.4 Q F2
(option)7.5 E F0(=)A F2(value)A F1 .562(This sets option)102 465.6 R F2(option)
3.062 E F1 .562(to be)3.062 F F2(value)3.062 E F1 5.562(.N)C .562
(ote that there)258.434 465.6 R F2(must)3.062 E F1 .562
(be a space between the letter `O' and the)3.062 F(name of the option.)102
477.6 Q(An older v)5 E(ersion is:)-.15 E F0(O)142 493.8 Q F2 1.666(ov)C(alue)
-1.666 E F1 .13(where the option)102 510 R F2(o)2.63 E F1 .13
(is a single character)2.63 F 5.13(.D)-.55 G .13(epending on the option,)273.56
510 R F2(value)2.63 E F1 .13(may be a string, an inte)2.63 F(ger)-.15 E(,)-.4 E
2.5(ab)102 522 S(oolean \(with le)113.94 522 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.5(lv).05 G
(alues \231t\232, \231T\232, \231f\232, or \231F\232; the def)193.2 522 Q
(ault is TR)-.1 E(UE\), or a time interv)-.4 E(al.)-.25 E
(The options supported \(with the old, one character names in brack)127 538.2 Q
(ets\) are:)-.1 E(AliasFile=)102 554.4 Q F2(spec, spec, ...)A F1 .439
([A] Specify possible alias \214le\(s\).)174 566.4 R(Each)5.439 E F2(spec)2.939
E F1 .439(should be in the format `)2.939 F(`)-.74 E F2(class)A F0(:)A F2
(\214le)2.94 E F1 -.74('')C(where)174 578.4 Q F2(class)3.1 E F0(:)A F1 .599
(is optional and def)3.099 F .599(aults to `)-.1 F(`implicit')-.74 E 3.099
('. Depending)-.74 F .599(on ho)3.099 F(w)-.25 E F2(sendmail)3.099 E F1 .186
(is compiled, v)174 590.4 R .187(alid classes are \231implicit\232 \(search th\
rough a compiled-in list of alias)-.25 F 2.055
(\214le types, for back compatibility\), \231hash\232 \(if)174 602.4 R/F3 9
/Times-Roman@0 SF(NEWDB)4.555 E F1 2.055(is speci\214ed\), \231dbm\232 \(if)
4.555 F F3(NDBM)174 614.4 Q F1 1.588(is speci\214ed\), \231stab\232 \(internal\
 symbol table \212 not normally used unless)4.088 F .075(you ha)174 626.4 R
.375 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.575(oo).15 G .075
(ther database lookup\), or \231nis\232 \(if)230.255 626.4 R F3(NIS)2.574 E F1
.074(is speci\214ed\).)2.574 F .074(If a list of)5.074 F F2(spec)2.574 E F1(s)A
(are pro)174 638.4 Q(vided,)-.15 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(searches them in order)
2.5 E(.)-.55 E(AliasW)102 654.6 Q(ait=)-.8 E F2(timeout)A F1 .14([a] If set, w)
174 666.6 R .14(ait up to)-.1 F F2(timeout)2.64 E F1 .141(\(units def)2.641 F
.141(ault to minutes\) for an \231@:@\232 entry to e)-.1 F(xist)-.15 E .518
(in the alias database before starting up.)174 678.6 R .517
(If it does not appear in the)5.517 F F2(timeout)3.017 E F1(inter)3.017 E(-)-.2
E -.25(va)174 690.6 S 3.21(lr).25 G(eb)192.51 690.6 Q .71
(uild the database \(if the)-.2 F F0 -.5(Au)3.21 G(toReb).5 E(uildAliases)-.2 E
F1 .71(option is also set\) or issue a)3.21 F -.1(wa)174 702.6 S(rning.).1 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-39)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(AutoReb)102 96 Q(uildAliases)-.2 E
.128([D] If set, reb)174 108 R .128
(uild the alias database if necessary and possible.)-.2 F .128
(If this option is not)5.128 F(set,)174 120 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)
4.885 E F1 2.385(will ne)4.885 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.885(rr).15 G(eb)283.96 120 Q
2.385(uild the alias database unless e)-.2 F 2.385(xplicitly requested)-.15 F
(using)174 132 Q F0(\255bi)2.5 E F1 5(.N)C
(ot recommended \212 can cause thrashing.)226.93 132 Q(BlankSub=)102 148.2 Q F2
(c)A F1 1.255([B] Set the blank substitution character to)174 148.2 R F2(c)
3.755 E F1 6.255(.U)C 1.255(nquoted spaces in addresses are)372.35 148.2 R
(replaced by this character)174 160.2 Q 5(.D)-.55 G(ef)290.63 160.2 Q
(aults to space \(i.e., no change is made\).)-.1 E 14.51(CheckAliases [n])102
176.4 R -1.11(Va)2.5 G(lidate the RHS of aliases when reb)1.11 E
(uilding the alias database.)-.2 E(CheckpointInterv)102 192.6 Q(al=)-.25 E F2
(N)A F1 1.296([C] Checkpoints the queue e)174 204.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E
F2(N)3.797 E F1(\(def)3.797 E 1.297(ault 10\) addresses sent.)-.1 F 1.297
(If your system)6.297 F .747(crashes during deli)174 216.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
.746(ry to a lar).15 F .746(ge list, this pre)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .746
(nts retransmission to an).15 F 3.246(yb)-.15 G .746(ut the)480.754 216.6 R
(last recipients.)174 228.6 Q(ClassF)102 244.8 Q(actor=)-.15 E F2(fact)A F1
1.624([z] The indicated)4.29 F F2(fact)4.124 E F1 1.624
(or is multiplied by the message class \(determined by the)B .719
(Precedence: \214eld in the user header and the)174 256.8 R F0(P)3.219 E F1
.718(lines in the con\214guration \214le\) and)3.218 F 2.637
(subtracted from the priority)174 268.8 R 7.637(.T)-.65 G 2.637
(hus, messages with a higher Priority: will be)307.768 268.8 R -.1(fa)174 280.8
S -.2(vo)-.1 G 2.5(red. Def).2 F(aults to 1800.)-.1 E 3.95(ColonOkInAddr [no)
102 297 R 4.679
(short name] If set, colons are acceptable in e-mail addresses \(e.g.,)7.18 F
3.54(\231host:user\232\). If)174 309 R 1.04(not set, colons indicate the be)
3.54 F 1.04(ginning of a RFC 822 group con-)-.15 F 1.988
(struct \(\231groupname: member1, member2, ... memberN;\232\).)174 321 R 1.987
(Doubled colons are)6.987 F(al)174 333 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G 2.215(ys acceptable \(\
\231nodename::user\232\) and proper route-addr nesting is under).1 F(-)-.2 E
1.037(stood \(\231<@relay:user@host>\232\).)174 345 R 1.037
(Furthermore, this option def)6.037 F 1.036(aults on if the con-)-.1 F .853
(\214guration v)174 357 R .853(ersion le)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.353(li).15 G
3.353(sl)274.059 357 S .853(ess than 6 \(for back compatibility\).)284.082 357
R(Ho)5.854 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.654 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.354(tm).4 G(ust)
492.33 357 Q(be of)174 369 Q 2.5(ff)-.25 G(or full compatibility with RFC 822.)
203.18 369 Q(ConnectionCacheSize=)102 385.2 Q F2(N)A F1 .242
([k] The maximum number of open connections that will be cached at a time.)174
397.2 R(The)5.242 E(def)174 409.2 Q .385(ault is one.)-.1 F .386
(This delays closing the current connection until either this in)5.386 F -.2
(vo)-.4 G(ca-).2 E 1.192(tion of)174 421.2 R F2(sendmail)3.692 E F1 1.191
(needs to connect to another host or it terminates.)3.692 F 1.191
(Setting it to)6.191 F 2.046(zero def)174 433.2 R 2.046(aults to the old beha)
-.1 F(vior)-.2 E 4.546(,t)-.4 G 2.047
(hat is, connections are closed immediately)322.496 433.2 R(.)-.65 E .266
(Since this consumes \214le descriptors, the connection cache should be k)174
445.2 R .265(ept small: 4)-.1 F(is probably a practical maximum.)174 457.2 Q
(ConnectionCacheT)102 473.4 Q(imeout=)-.35 E F2(timeout)A F1 .708
([K] The maximum amount of time a cached connection will be permitted to idle)
174 485.4 R 1.083(without acti)174 497.4 R(vity)-.25 E 6.083(.I)-.65 G 3.583
(ft)249.156 497.4 S 1.083(his time is e)258.849 497.4 R 1.082
(xceeded, the connection is immediately closed.)-.15 F .417(This v)174 509.4 R
.418(alue should be small \(on the order of ten minutes\).)-.25 F(Before)5.418
E F2(sendmail)2.918 E F1 .418(uses a)2.918 F .508(cached connection, it al)174
521.4 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .507(ys sends a RSET command to check the connection; if)
.1 F .401(this f)174 533.4 R .401(ails, it reopens the connection.)-.1 F .401
(This k)5.401 F .402(eeps your end from f)-.1 F .402(ailing if the other)-.1 F
1.545(end times out.)174 545.4 R 1.545
(The point of this option is to be a good netw)6.545 F 1.544(ork neighbor and)
-.1 F -.2(avo)174 557.4 S(id using up e).2 E(xcessi)-.15 E .3 -.15(ve r)-.25 H
(esources on the other end.).15 E(The def)5 E(ault is \214v)-.1 E 2.5(em)-.15 G
(inutes.)470.25 557.4 Q(DaemonPortOptions=)102 573.6 Q F2(options)A F1
([O] Set serv)174 585.6 Q(er SMTP options.)-.15 E(The options are)5 E F2 -.1
(ke)2.5 G(y=value)-.2 E F1 2.5(pairs. Kno)2.5 F(wn k)-.25 E -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5
(sa).15 G(re:)490.2 585.6 Q 52.83(Port Name/number)214 601.8 R
(of listening port \(def)2.5 E(aults to "smtp"\))-.1 E 48.95(Addr Address)214
613.8 R(mask \(def)2.5 E(aults IN)-.1 E(ADDR_ANY\))-.35 E -.15(Fa)214 625.8 S
41.31(mily Address).15 F -.1(fa)2.5 G(mily \(def).1 E(aults to INET\))-.1 E
44.5(Listen Size)214 637.8 R(of listen queue \(def)2.5 E(aults to 10\))-.1 E
21.72(SndBufSize Size)214 649.8 R(of TCP send b)2.5 E(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 21.17
(RcvBufSize Size)214 661.8 R(of TCP recei)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve b)-.25 H(uf)-.05 E
(fer)-.25 E(The)174 678 Q F2(Addr)2.5 E F1
(ess mask may be a numeric address in dot notation or a netw)A(ork name.)-.1 E
(Def)102 694.2 Q(aultCharSet=)-.1 E F2 -.15(ch)C(ar).15 E(set)-.1 E F1 .16
([no short name] When a message that has 8-bit characters b)174 706.2 R .161
(ut is not in MIME for)-.2 F(-)-.2 E .495(mat is con)174 718.2 R -.15(ve)-.4 G
.495(rted to MIME \(see the EightBitMode option\) a character set must be).15 F
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-40 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .487
(included in the Content-T)174 96 R .487(ype: header)-.8 F 5.487(.T)-.55 G .488
(his character set is normally set from the)338.115 96 R .133
(Charset= \214eld of the mailer descriptor)174 108 R 5.133(.I)-.55 G 2.633(ft)
337.64 108 S .133(hat is not set, the v)346.383 108 R .133
(alue of this option is)-.25 F 2.5(used. If)174 120 R
(this option is not set, the v)2.5 E(alue \231unkno)-.25 E
(wn-8bit\232 is used.)-.25 E(Def)102 136.2 Q(aultUser=)-.1 E/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(user:gr)A(oup)-.45 E F1 .013([u] Set the def)174 148.2 R
.013(ault userid for mailers to)-.1 F F2(user:gr)2.513 E(oup)-.45 E F1 5.013
(.I)C(f)386.587 148.2 Q F2(gr)2.513 E(oup)-.45 E F1 .014(is omitted and)2.514 F
F2(user)2.514 E F1(is)2.514 E 4.307(au)174 160.2 S 1.807
(ser name \(as opposed to a numeric user id\) the def)187.747 160.2 R 1.806
(ault group listed in the)-.1 F 1.153
(/etc/passwd \214le for that user is used as the def)174 172.2 R 1.153
(ault group.)-.1 F(Both)6.153 E F2(user)3.653 E F1(and)3.653 E F2(gr)3.653 E
(oup)-.45 E F1 1.153(may be numeric.)174 184.2 R 1.152(Mailers without the)
6.152 F F2(S)3.652 E F1 1.152(\215ag in the mailer de\214nition will run as)
3.652 F .142(this user)174 198.2 R 5.142(.D)-.55 G(ef)222.064 198.2 Q .142
(aults to 1:1.)-.1 F .142(The v)5.142 F .142(alue can also be gi)-.25 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G 2.642(na).15 G 2.642(sas)400.612 198.2 S .142(ymbolic user name.)
418.116 198.2 R/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(18)497 194.2 Q F1(Deli)102 214.4 Q -.15
(ve)-.25 G(ryMode=).15 E F2(x)A F1([d] Deli)4 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G 2.5
(nm)223.03 214.4 S(ode)238.31 214.4 Q F2(x)2.5 E F1 5(.L)C -2.25 -.15(eg a)
273.3 214.4 T 2.5(lm).15 G(odes are:)300.04 214.4 Q 17.22(iD)214 230.6 S(eli)
241.22 230.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G(nteracti)268.87 230.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25
G(ly \(synchronously\)).15 E 15(bD)214 242.6 S(eli)241.22 242.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25
G 2.5(ri).15 G 2.5(nb)268.87 242.6 S(ackground \(asynchronously\))281.37 242.6
Q 15(qJ)214 254.6 S(ust queue the message \(deli)237.89 254.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
2.5(rd).15 G(uring queue run\))367.74 254.6 Q 15(dD)214 266.6 S(efer deli)
241.22 266.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry and all map lookups \(deli).15 E -.15(ve)-.25
G 2.5(rd).15 G(uring queue run\))415.66 266.6 Q(Def)174 282.8 Q .712
(aults to `)-.1 F(`b')-.74 E 3.212('i)-.74 G 3.212(fn)244.816 282.8 S 3.211(oo)
256.358 282.8 S .711(ption is speci\214ed, `)269.569 282.8 R(`i')-.74 E 3.211
('i)-.74 G 3.211(fi)365.093 282.8 S 3.211(ti)374.414 282.8 S 3.211(ss)383.185
282.8 S .711(peci\214ed b)394.176 282.8 R .711(ut gi)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.211
(nn).15 G 3.211(oa)474.869 282.8 S -.18(rg)487.52 282.8 S(u-).18 E .094
(ment \(i.e., `)174 294.8 R(`Od')-.74 E 2.594('i)-.74 G 2.594(se)246.672 294.8
S(qui)257.596 294.8 Q -.25(va)-.25 G .094(lent to `).25 F(`Odi')-.74 E 2.594
('\). The)-.74 F F0<ad76>2.594 E F1 .094(command line \215ag sets this to)2.594
F F0(i)2.594 E F1(.)A(DialDelay=)102 311 Q F2(sleeptime)A F1 .799
([no short name] Dial-on-demand netw)174 323 R .798
(ork connections can see timeouts if a con-)-.1 F .665
(nection is opened before the call is set up.)174 335 R .665
(If this is set to an interv)5.665 F .665(al and a con-)-.25 F .743
(nection times out on the \214rst connection being attempted)174 347 R F2
(sendmail)3.242 E F1 .742(will sleep for)3.242 F .31
(this amount of time and try ag)174 359 R 2.81(ain. This)-.05 F .31(should gi)
2.81 F .61 -.15(ve y)-.25 H .31(our system time to establish).15 F 1.543
(the connection to your service pro)174 371 R(vider)-.15 E 6.543(.U)-.55 G
1.543(nits def)354.188 371 R 1.542(ault to seconds, so \231DialDe-)-.1 F
(lay=5\232 uses a \214v)174 383 Q 2.5(es)-.15 G(econd delay)251.7 383 Q 5(.D)
-.65 G(ef)313.81 383 Q(aults to zero \(no retry\).)-.1 E(DontExpandCnames)102
399.2 Q .559([no short name] The standards say that all host addresses used in\
 a mail message)174 411.2 R 1.408(must be fully canonical.)174 423.2 R -.15(Fo)
6.407 G 3.907(re).15 G 1.407(xample, if your host is named \231Cruft.F)302.668
423.2 R(oo.ORG\232)-.15 E 1.462(and also has an alias of \231FTP)174 435.2 R
(.F)-1.11 E 1.462(oo.ORG\232, the former name must be used at all)-.15 F 2.631
(times. This)174 447.2 R .131
(is enforced during host name canoni\214cation \($[ ... $] lookups\).)2.631 F
.13(If this)5.13 F .661
(option is set, the protocols are ignored and the \231wrong\232 thing is done.)
174 459.2 R(Ho)5.662 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -.4(r,).15 G .455
(the IETF is mo)174 471.2 R .455(ving to)-.15 F -.1(wa)-.25 G .455
(rd changing this standard, so the beha).1 F .455(viour may become)-.2 F 3.009
(acceptable. Please)174 483.2 R .509(note that hosts do)3.009 F .509
(wnstream may still re)-.25 F .509(write the address to be)-.25 F
(the true canonical name ho)174 495.2 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -.55(r.).15 G
6.17(DontInitGroups [no)102 511.4 R .25(short name] If set,)2.75 F F2(sendmail)
2.75 E F1 .25(will a)2.75 F -.2(vo)-.2 G .25
(id using the initgroups\(3\) call.).2 F .25(If you are)5.25 F .583(running NI\
S, this causes a sequential scan of the groups.byname map, which can)174 523.4
R .436(cause your NIS serv)174 535.4 R .436(er to be badly o)-.15 F -.15(ve)
-.15 G .435(rloaded in a lar).15 F .435(ge domain.)-.18 F .435
(The cost of this)5.435 F .697(is that the only group found for users will be \
their primary group \(the one in the)174 547.4 R(passw)174 559.4 Q 1.189
(ord \214le\), which will mak)-.1 F 3.689<658c>-.1 G 1.189
(le access permissions some)315.845 559.4 R 1.189(what more restric-)-.25 F(ti)
174 571.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 5(.H).15 G(as no ef)203.32 571.4 Q
(fect on systems that don')-.25 E 2.5(th)-.18 G -2.25 -.2(av e)344.26 571.4 T
(group lists.)2.7 E -1.61(DontPruneRoutes [R])102 587.6 R(Normally)3.905 E(,)
-.65 E F2(sendmail)3.905 E F1 1.405(tries to eliminate an)3.905 F 3.905(yu)-.15
G 1.405(nnecessary e)372.465 587.6 R 1.405(xplicit routes when)-.15 F .155
(sending an error message \(as discussed in RFC 1123 \247 5.2.6\).)174 599.6 R
-.15(Fo)5.154 G 2.654(re).15 G .154(xample, when)447.746 599.6 R
(sending an error message to)174 611.6 Q(<@kno)214 627.8 Q(wn1,@kno)-.25 E
(wn2,@kno)-.25 E(wn3:user@unkno)-.25 E(wn>)-.25 E F2(sendmail)174 644 Q F1
1.155(will strip of)3.655 F 3.655(ft)-.25 G 1.155(he \231@kno)272.26 644 R
(wn1,@kno)-.25 E 1.155(wn2\232 in order to mak)-.25 F 3.655(et)-.1 G 1.155
(he route as)458.37 644 R .813(direct as possible.)174 656 R(Ho)5.813 E(we)-.25
E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.613 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.313(ft).4 G(he)306.435 656 Q F0(R)3.313
E F1 .812(option is set, this will be disabled, and the)3.313 F .009
(mail will be sent to the \214rst address in the route, e)174 668 R -.15(ve)
-.25 G 2.51(ni).15 G 2.51(fl)392.86 668 S .01(ater addresses are kno)401.48 668
R(wn.)-.25 E(This may be useful if you are caught behind a \214re)174 680 Q -.1
(wa)-.25 G(ll.).1 E .32 LW 76 689.6 72 689.6 DL 80 689.6 76 689.6 DL 84 689.6
80 689.6 DL 88 689.6 84 689.6 DL 92 689.6 88 689.6 DL 96 689.6 92 689.6 DL 100
689.6 96 689.6 DL 104 689.6 100 689.6 DL 108 689.6 104 689.6 DL 112 689.6 108
689.6 DL 116 689.6 112 689.6 DL 120 689.6 116 689.6 DL 124 689.6 120 689.6 DL
128 689.6 124 689.6 DL 132 689.6 128 689.6 DL 136 689.6 132 689.6 DL 140 689.6
136 689.6 DL 144 689.6 140 689.6 DL 148 689.6 144 689.6 DL 152 689.6 148 689.6
DL 156 689.6 152 689.6 DL 160 689.6 156 689.6 DL 164 689.6 160 689.6 DL 168
689.6 164 689.6 DL 172 689.6 168 689.6 DL 176 689.6 172 689.6 DL 180 689.6 176
689.6 DL 184 689.6 180 689.6 DL 188 689.6 184 689.6 DL 192 689.6 188 689.6 DL
196 689.6 192 689.6 DL 200 689.6 196 689.6 DL 204 689.6 200 689.6 DL 208 689.6
204 689.6 DL 212 689.6 208 689.6 DL 216 689.6 212 689.6 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0
SF(18)93.6 700 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(The old)3.2 I/F6 8/Times-Bold@0 SF(g)2 E
F5(option has been combined into the)2 E F6(DefaultUser)2 E F5(option.)2 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-41)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(EightBitMode=)102 96 Q/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(action)A F1 1.956([8] Set handling of eight-bit data.)174
108 R 1.955(There are tw)6.955 F 4.455(ok)-.1 G 1.955
(inds of eight-bit data: that)392.85 108 R 3.334(declared as such using the)174
120 R F0(BOD)5.834 E(Y=8BITMIME)-.4 E F1 3.335(ESMTP declaration or the)5.835 F
F0(\255B8BITMIME)174 132 Q F1 .948
(command line \215ag, and undeclared 8-bit data, that is, input that)3.449 F
1.18(just happens to be eight bits.)174 144 R 1.18
(There are three basic operations that can happen:)6.18 F .996
(undeclared 8-bit data can be automatically con)174 156 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .995
(rted to 8BITMIME, undeclared).15 F .887
(8-bit data can be passed as-is without con)174 168 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .887
(rsion to MIME \(`).15 F .887(`just send 8')-.74 F .887('\), and)-.74 F 5.989
(declared 8-bit data can be con)174 180 R -.15(ve)-.4 G 5.989
(rted to 7-bits for transmission to a).15 F(non-8BITMIME mailer)174 192 Q 5(.T)
-.55 G(he possible)281.77 192 Q F2(action)2.5 E F1 2.5(sa)C(re:)364.82 192 Q
11.11(sR)219 208.2 S(eject undeclared 8-bit data \(`)240.67 208.2 Q(`strict')
-.74 E('\))-.74 E 7.22(mC)219 220.2 S(on)240.67 220.2 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G
(rt undeclared 8-bit data to MIME \(`).15 E(`mime')-.74 E('\))-.74 E 10(pP)219
232.2 S(ass undeclared 8-bit data \(`)239.41 232.2 Q(`pass')-.74 E('\))-.74 E
2.227(In all cases properly declared 8BITMIME data will be con)174 248.4 R -.15
(ve)-.4 G 2.228(rted to 7BIT as).15 F(needed.)174 260.4 Q(ErrorHeader=)102
276.6 Q F2(\214le-or)A(-messa)-.2 E -.1(ge)-.1 G F1 .486
([E] Prepend error messages with the indicated message.)174 288.6 R .486
(If it be)5.486 F .486(gins with a slash,)-.15 F .246(it is assumed to be the \
pathname of a \214le containing a message \(this is the recom-)174 300.6 R .86
(mended setting\).)174 312.6 R .86(Otherwise, it is a literal message.)5.86 F
.86(The error \214le might contain)5.86 F 1.116
(the name, email address, and/or phone number of a local postmaster who could)
174 324.6 R(pro)174 336.6 Q .174(vide assistance in to end users.)-.15 F .173
(If the option is missing or null, or if it names a)5.174 F
(\214le which does not e)174 348.6 Q
(xist or which is not readable, no message is printed.)-.15 E(ErrorMode=)102
364.8 Q F2(x)A F1([e] Dispose of errors using mode)174 364.8 Q F2(x)2.5 E F1 5
(.T)C(he v)325.91 364.8 Q(alues for)-.25 E F2(x)2.5 E F1(are:)2.5 E 15(pP)214
381 S(rint error messages \(def)239.56 381 Q(ault\))-.1 E 15(qN)214 393 S 2.5
(om)241.22 393 S(essages, just gi)256.5 393 Q .3 -.15(ve ex)-.25 H(it status)
.15 E 12.22(mM)214 405 S(ail back errors)242.89 405 Q 12.78(wW)214 417 S
(rite back errors \(mail if user not logged in\))243.44 417 Q 15.56(eM)214 429
S(ail back errors and gi)242.89 429 Q .3 -.15(ve z)-.25 H(ero e).15 E
(xit stat al)-.15 E -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys).1 E -.15(Fa)102 449.4 S(llbackMXhost=).15
E F2(fallbac)A(khost)-.2 E F1 .796([V] If speci\214ed, the)174 461.4 R F2
(fallbac)3.296 E(khost)-.2 E F1 .796(acts lik)3.296 F 3.296(eav)-.1 G .797
(ery lo)359.608 461.4 R 3.297(wp)-.25 G .797(riority MX on e)398.722 461.4 R
-.15(ve)-.25 G .797(ry host.).15 F
(This is intended to be used by sites with poor netw)174 473.4 Q(ork connecti)
-.1 E(vity)-.25 E(.)-.65 E -.15(Fo)102 489.6 S 16.88(rkEachJob [Y]).15 F .708
(If set, deli)3.208 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.208(re).15 G .707
(ach job that is run from the queue in a separate process.)252.792 489.6 R(Use)
5.707 E .274(this option if you are short of memory)174 501.6 R 2.774(,s)-.65 G
.274(ince the def)336.922 501.6 R .275(ault tends to consume consid-)-.1 F
(erable amounts of memory while the queue is being processed.)174 513.6 Q -.15
(Fo)102 529.8 S(rw).15 E(ardP)-.1 E(ath=)-.15 E F2(path)A F1 4.675
([J] Set the path for searching for users' .forw)174 541.8 R 4.675
(ard \214les.)-.1 F 4.675(The def)9.675 F 4.675(ault is)-.1 F(\231$z/.forw)174
553.8 Q 3.23(ard\232. Some)-.1 F .731
(sites that use the automounter may prefer to change this to)3.23 F(\231/v)174
565.8 Q(ar/forw)-.25 E 1.696
(ard/$u\232 to search a \214le with the same name as the user in a system)-.1 F
(directory)174 577.8 Q 5.487(.I)-.65 G 2.987(tc)220.767 577.8 S .488
(an also be set to a sequence of paths separated by colons;)230.974 577.8 R F2
(sendmail)2.988 E F1 4.218
(stops at the \214rst \214le it can successfully and safely open.)174 589.8 R
-.15(Fo)9.217 G 6.717(re).15 G(xample,)472.06 589.8 Q(\231/v)174 601.8 Q
(ar/forw)-.25 E(ard/$u:$z/.forw)-.1 E .681(ard\232 will search \214rst in /v)
-.1 F(ar/forw)-.25 E(ard/)-.1 E F2(username)A F1 .682(and then)3.182 F(in)174
613.8 Q F2(~username)2.5 E F1(/.forw)A(ard \(b)-.1 E
(ut only if the \214rst \214le does not e)-.2 E(xist\).)-.15 E(HelpFile=)102
630 Q F2(\214le)A F1([H] Specify the help \214le for SMTP)174 630 Q(.)-1.11 E
(HoldExpensi)102 646.2 Q 8.54 -.15(ve [)-.25 H 1.394
(c] If an outgoing mailer is mark).15 F 1.393(ed as being e)-.1 F(xpensi)-.15 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.893(,d).15 G(on')415.294 646.2 Q 3.893(tc)-.18 G 1.393
(onnect immedi-)439.557 646.2 R(ately)174 658.2 Q 5.267(.T)-.65 G .268
(his requires that queueing be compiled in, since it will depend on a queue)
206.667 658.2 R(run process to actually send the mail.)174 670.2 Q 24.51
(IgnoreDots [i])102 686.4 R 1.172(Ignore dots in incoming messages.)3.672 F
1.172(This is al)6.172 F -.1(wa)-.1 G 1.171(ys disabled \(that is, dots are).1
F(al)174 698.4 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys accepted\) when reading SMTP mail.).1 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-42 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(LogLe)102 96 Q
-.15(ve)-.25 G(l=).15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F1([L] Set the def)174 96 Q
(ault log le)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(lt).15 G(o)289.04 96 Q F2(n)2.5 E F1 5
(.D)C(ef)316.26 96 Q(aults to 9.)-.1 E(M)102 112.2 Q F2 1.666(xv)C(alue)-1.666
E F1 .255([no long v)174 112.2 R .255(ersion] Set the macro)-.15 F F2(x)2.755 E
F1(to)2.755 E F2(value)2.755 E F1 5.255(.T)C .255
(his is intended only for use from the)357.505 112.2 R(command line.)174 124.2
Q(The)5 E F0<ad4d>2.5 E F1(\215ag is preferred.)2.5 E 11.17(MatchGECOS [G])102
140.4 R(Allo)3.334 E 3.334(wf)-.25 G .834(uzzy matching on the GECOS \214eld.)
222.628 140.4 R .833(If this \215ag is set, and the usual)5.833 F .867
(user name lookups f)174 152.4 R .867
(ail \(that is, there is no alias with this name and a)-.1 F F2 -.1(ge)3.368 G
(tpwnam).1 E F1 -.1(fa)174 164.4 S 1.155(ils\), sequentially search the passw)
.1 F 1.155(ord \214le for a matching entry in the GECOS)-.1 F 3.696
(\214eld. This)174 176.4 R 1.196(also requires that MA)3.696 F 1.196
(TCHGECOS be turned on during compilation.)-1.11 F
(This option is not recommended.)174 188.4 Q(MaxHopCount=)102 204.6 Q F2(N)A F1
1.238([h] The maximum hop count.)174 216.6 R 1.238(Messages that ha)6.238 F
1.537 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.237(een processed more than).15 F F2(N)3.737 E F1
(times are assumed to be in a loop and are rejected.)174 228.6 Q(Def)5 E
(aults to 25.)-.1 E(MaxHostStatAge=)102 244.8 Q F2 -.1(age)C F1 .438
([no short name] Not yet implemented.)174 256.8 R .438
(This option speci\214es ho)5.438 F 2.939(wl)-.25 G .439(ong host status)
443.672 256.8 R .36(information will be retained.)174 268.8 R -.15(Fo)5.36 G
2.86(re).15 G .36(xample, if a host is found to be do)315.76 268.8 R .36
(wn, connec-)-.25 F .246
(tions to that host will not be retried for this interv)174 280.8 R 2.746
(al. The)-.25 F .246(units def)2.746 F .246(ault to minutes.)-.1 F
(MaxQueueRunSize=)102 297 Q F2(N)A F1 .677
([no short name] The maximum number of jobs that will be processed in a single)
174 309 R .501(queue run.)174 321 R .501
(If not set, there is no limit on the size.)5.501 F .501(If you ha)5.501 F .802
-.15(ve ve)-.2 H .502(ry lar).15 F .502(ge queues)-.18 F .445(or a v)174 333 R
.445(ery short queue run interv)-.15 F .445(al this could be unstable.)-.25 F
(Ho)5.445 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.245 -.4(r, s).15 H .445
(ince the \214rst).4 F F2(N)174 345 Q F1 1.115
(jobs in queue directory order are run \(rather than the)3.615 F F2(N)3.615 E
F1 1.115(highest priority jobs\))3.615 F .136
(this should be set as high as possible to a)174 357 R -.2(vo)-.2 G .136
(id \231losing\232 jobs that happen to f).2 F .136(all late)-.1 F
(in the queue directory)174 369 Q(.)-.65 E(MeT)102 385.2 Q 40.86(oo [m])-.8 F
(Send to me too, e)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fIa)279.98 385.2 S 2.5
(mi)296.08 385.2 S 2.5(na)309.14 385.2 S 2.5(na)321.08 385.2 S(lias e)333.02
385.2 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E(MaxMessageSize=)102 401.4 Q F2(N)A F1 2.562
([no short name] Specify the maximum message size to be adv)174 413.4 R 2.563
(ertised in the)-.15 F(ESMTP EHLO response.)174 425.4 Q(Messages lar)5 E
(ger than this will be rejected.)-.18 E(MinFreeBlocks=)102 441.6 Q F2(N)A F1
1.539([b] Insist on at least)174 453.6 R F2(N)4.039 E F1 1.538
(blocks free on the \214lesystem that holds the queue \214les)4.039 F .845
(before accepting email via SMTP)174 465.6 R 5.846(.I)-1.11 G 3.346(ft)322.368
465.6 S .846(here is insuf)331.824 465.6 R .846(\214cient space)-.25 F F2
(sendmail)3.346 E F1(gi)3.346 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.346(sa).15 G
(452 response to the MAIL command.)174 477.6 Q(This in)5 E
(vites the sender to try ag)-.4 E(ain later)-.05 E(.)-.55 E(MinQueueAge=age)102
493.8 Q .887([no short name] Don')174 505.8 R 3.387(tp)-.18 G .887(rocess an)
274.018 505.8 R 3.387(yq)-.15 G .886(ueued jobs that ha)325.072 505.8 R 1.186
-.15(ve b)-.2 H .886(een in the queue less).15 F 1.899
(than the indicated time interv)174 517.8 R 4.399(al. This)-.25 F 1.899
(is intended to allo)4.399 F 4.399(wy)-.25 G 1.9(ou to get respon-)430.81 517.8
R(si)174 529.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .665(ness by processing the queue f).15 F .665
(airly frequently without thrashing your system)-.1 F
(by trying jobs too often.)174 541.8 Q(The def)5 E(ault units are minutes.)-.1
E(NoRecipientAction)102 558 Q .554([no short name] The action to tak)174 570 R
3.055(ew)-.1 G .555(hen you recei)325.25 570 R .855 -.15(ve a m)-.25 H .555
(essage that has no v).15 F(alid)-.25 E .062(recipient headers \(T)174 582 R
.062(o:, Cc:, Bcc:\).)-.8 F .062(It can be)5.062 F F0(None)2.561 E F1 .061
(to pass the message on unmodi-)2.561 F .51
(\214ed, which violates the protocol,)174 594 R F0(Add-T)3.01 E(o)-.92 E F1 .51
(to add a T)3.01 F .51(o: header with an)-.8 F 3.01(yr)-.15 G(ecipients)468.45
594 Q 4.41(it can \214nd in the en)174 606 R -.15(ve)-.4 G 4.41
(lope \(which might e).15 F 4.41(xpose Bcc: recipients\),)-.15 F F0(Add-)6.91 E
-.25(Ap)174 618 S(par).25 E(ently-T)-.18 E(o)-.92 E F1 4.664
(to add an Apparently-T)7.164 F 4.664(o: header \(this is only for back-)-.8 F
.875(compatibility and is of)174 630 R .875(\214cially deprecated\),)-.25 F F0
(Add-T)3.374 E(o-Undisclosed)-.92 E F1 .874(to add a header)3.374 F<9954>174
642 Q 1.594(o: undisclosed-recipients:;\232 to mak)-.8 F 4.094(et)-.1 G 1.594
(he header le)339.456 642 R -.05(ga)-.15 G 4.095(lw).05 G 1.595
(ithout disclosing an)414.29 642 R(y-)-.15 E(thing, or)174 654 Q F0(Add-Bcc)2.5
E F1(to add an empty Bcc: header)2.5 E(.)-.55 E 1.18(OldStyleHeaders [o])102
670.2 R 1.713
(Assume that the headers may be in old format, i.e., spaces delimit names.)
4.214 F 1.068(This actually turns on an adapti)174 682.2 R 1.368 -.15(ve a)-.25
H 1.068(lgorithm: if an).15 F 3.569(yr)-.15 G 1.069
(ecipient address contains a)393.873 682.2 R 1.681
(comma, parenthesis, or angle brack)174 694.2 R 1.681
(et, it will be assumed that commas already)-.1 F -.15(ex)174 706.2 S 2.825
(ist. If).15 F .325(this \215ag is not on, only commas delimit names.)2.825 F
.325(Headers are al)5.325 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .325(ys out-).1 F
(put with commas between the names.)174 718.2 Q(Def)5 E(aults to of)-.1 E(f.)
-.25 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-43)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(OperatorChars=)102 96 Q/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF -.15(ch)C(arlist).15 E F1 1.438([$o macro] The list of char\
acters that are considered to be \231operators\232, that is,)174 108 R .82
(characters that delimit tok)174 120 R 3.32(ens. All)-.1 F .82
(operator characters are tok)3.32 F .82(ens by themselv)-.1 F(es;)-.15 E .078
(sequences of non-operator characters are also tok)174 132 R 2.578(ens. White)
-.1 F .078(space characters sep-)2.578 F .269(arate tok)174 144 R .269(ens b)
-.1 F .269(ut are not tok)-.2 F .269(ens themselv)-.1 F .269(es \212 for e)-.15
F .269(xample, \231)-.15 F .27(AAA.BBB\232 has three)-.8 F(tok)174 156 Q .433
(ens, b)-.1 F .433(ut \231)-.2 F .433(AAA BBB\232 has tw)-.8 F 2.933(o. If)-.1
F .433(not set, OperatorChars def)2.933 F .433(aults to \231.)-.1 F 1.666(:@[])
1.666 G<9a3b>-1.666 E(additionally)174 168 Q 2.5(,t)-.65 G
(he characters \231\()228.91 168 Q 1.666(\)<>,;)1.666 G 2.5<9a61>-1.666 G
(re al)331.25 168 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys operators.).1 E(PostmasterCop)102 184.2 Q
(y=)-.1 E F2(postmaster)A F1 .003
([P] If set, copies of error messages will be sent to the named)174 196.2 R F2
(postmaster)2.504 E F1 5.004(.O)C .004(nly the)476.496 196.2 R .627
(header of the f)174 208.2 R .627(ailed message is sent.)-.1 F .626
(Since most errors are user problems, this is)5.626 F .453
(probably not a good idea on lar)174 220.2 R .453(ge sites, and ar)-.18 F .453
(guably contains all sorts of pri)-.18 F -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G 1.979
(violations, b)174 232.2 R 1.978
(ut it seems to be popular with certain operating systems v)-.2 F(endors.)-.15
E(Def)174 244.2 Q(aults to no postmaster copies.)-.1 E(Pri)102 260.4 Q -.25(va)
-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G(Options=).15 E F2(opt,opt,...)1.666 E F1 1.191
([p] Set the pri)174 272.4 R -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G F2(opt)3.841 E F1
3.691(ions. `)B(`Pri)-.74 E -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G 2.671 -.74('' i).15 H
3.692(sr).74 G 1.192(eally a misnomer; man)352.028 272.4 R 3.692(yo)-.15 G
3.692(ft)460.526 272.4 S 1.192(hese are)470.328 272.4 R .929(just a w)174 284.4
R .928(ay of insisting on stricter adherence to the SMTP protocol.)-.1 F(The)
5.928 E F2(opt)3.428 E F1(ions)A(can be selected from:)174 296.4 Q 40.26
(public Allo)214 312.6 R 2.5(wo)-.25 G(pen access)314.01 312.6 Q 11.38
(needmailhelo Insist)214 324.6 R(on HELO or EHLO command before MAIL)2.5 E
(neede)214 336.6 Q 9.87(xpnhelo Insist)-.15 F
(on HELO or EHLO command before EXPN)2.5 E(noe)214 348.6 Q 35.97(xpn Disallo)
-.15 F 2.5(wE)-.25 G(XPN entirely)326.23 348.6 Q 12.5(needvrfyhelo Insist)214
360.6 R(on HELO or EHLO command before VRFY)2.5 E(no)214 372.6 Q 38.75
(vrfy Disallo)-.15 F 2.5(wV)-.25 G(RFY entirely)327.34 372.6 Q 14.71
(restrictmailq Restrict)214 384.6 R(mailq command)2.5 E 19.16
(restrictqrun Restrict)214 396.6 R(\255q command line \215ag)2.5 E 24.16
(noreceipts Don')214 408.6 R 2.5(tr)-.18 G(eturn success DSNs)310.74 408.6 Q
(goa)214 420.6 Q -.1(wa)-.15 G 36.91(yD).1 G(isallo)288.98 420.6 Q 2.5(we)-.25
G(ssentially all SMTP status queries)324.56 420.6 Q(authw)214 432.6 Q 11.48
(arnings Put)-.1 F(X-Authentication-W)2.5 E(arning: headers in messages)-.8 E
.485(The \231goa)174 448.8 R -.1(wa)-.15 G .485
(y\232 pseudo-\215ag sets all \215ags e).1 F .486
(xcept \231restrictmailq\232 and \231restrictqrun\232.)-.15 F 1.175(If mailq i\
s restricted, only people in the same group as the queue directory can)174
460.8 R .207(print the queue.)174 472.8 R .207
(If queue runs are restricted, only root and the o)5.207 F .208
(wner of the queue)-.25 F .066(directory can run the queue.)174 484.8 R .066
(Authentication W)5.066 F .066(arnings add w)-.8 F .066(arnings about v)-.1 F
(arious)-.25 E .77(conditions that may indicate attempts to spoof the mail sys\
tem, such as using an)174 496.8 R(non-standard queue directory)174 508.8 Q(.)
-.65 E(QueueDirectory=)102 525 Q F2(dir)A F1([Q] Use the named)174 537 Q F2
(dir)2.5 E F1(as the queue directory)2.5 E(.)-.65 E(QueueF)102 553.2 Q(actor=)
-.15 E F2(factor)A F1 .614([q] Use)174 565.2 R F2(factor)3.114 E F1 .613
(as the multiplier in the map function to decide when to just queue)3.114 F
.415(up jobs rather than run them.)174 577.2 R .415(This v)5.415 F .415
(alue is di)-.25 F .415(vided by the dif)-.25 F .415(ference between the)-.25 F
1.004(current load a)174 589.2 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.004(rage and the load a).15 F
-.15(ve)-.2 G 1.004(rage limit \().15 F F0(QueueLA)A F1 1.003
(option\) to determine)3.503 F(the maximum message priority that will be sent.)
174 601.2 Q(Def)5 E(aults to 600000.)-.1 E(QueueLA=)102 617.4 Q F2(LA)A F1 .164
([x] When the system load a)174 617.4 R -.15(ve)-.2 G .165(rage e).15 F(xceeds)
-.15 E F2(LA)2.665 E F1 2.665(,j)C .165(ust queue messages \(i.e., don')367.265
617.4 R 2.665(tt)-.18 G(ry)495.67 617.4 Q(to send them\).)174 629.4 Q(Def)5 E
(aults to 8.)-.1 E(QueueSortOrder=)102 645.6 Q F2(algorithm)A F1 .097
([no short name] Sets the)174 657.6 R F2(algorithm)2.597 E F1 .096
(used for sorting the queue.)2.597 F .096(Only the \214rst char)5.096 F(-)-.2 E
1.021(acter of the v)174 669.6 R 1.021(alue is used.)-.25 F(Le)6.021 E -.05(ga)
-.15 G 3.521(lv).05 G 1.021
(alues are \231host\232 \(to order by the name of the)317.357 669.6 R .922(\
\214rst host name of the \214rst recipient\) and \231priority\232 \(to order s\
trictly by message)174 681.6 R 2.527(priority\). Host)174 693.6 R .027
(ordering mak)2.527 F .028(es better use of the connection cache, b)-.1 F .028
(ut may tend to)-.2 F .323(process lo)174 705.6 R 2.823(wp)-.25 G .322
(riority messages that go to a single host o)229.386 705.6 R -.15(ve)-.15 G
2.822(rh).15 G .322(igh priority messages)417.806 705.6 R 1.824(that go to se)
174 717.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.824(ral hosts; it probably shouldn').15 F 4.325
(tb)-.18 G 4.325(eu)376.345 717.6 S 1.825(sed on slo)390.11 717.6 R 4.325(wn)
-.25 G(etw)450.055 717.6 Q 1.825(ork links.)-.1 F EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-44 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(Priority ordering is the def)174 96 Q(ault.)-.1 E(Resolv)102 112.2 Q
(erOptions=)-.15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(options)A F1 .128([I] Set resolv)174
124.2 R .127(er options.)-.15 F -1.11(Va)5.127 G .127(lues can be set using)
1.11 F F0(+)2.627 E F2<8d61>A(g)-.1 E F1 .127(and cleared using)2.627 F F0<ad>
2.627 E F2<8d61>A(g)-.1 E F1 2.627(;t)C(he)494.56 124.2 Q F2<8d61>174 136.2 Q
(g)-.1 E F1 5.013(sc)C 2.513(an be \231deb)202.243 136.2 R 2.513
(ug\232, \231aaonly\232, \231use)-.2 F 2.514
(vc\232, \231primary\232, \231igntc\232, \231recurse\232, \231def-)-.25 F .867
(names\232, \231stayopen\232, or \231dnsrch\232.)174 148.2 R .867
(The string \231HasW)5.867 F .867(ildcardMX\232 \(without a)-.4 F F0(+)3.367 E
F1(or)3.367 E F0<ad>174 160.2 Q F1 3.82(\)c)C 1.32
(an be speci\214ed to turn of)191.29 160.2 R 3.82(fm)-.25 G 1.32(atching ag)
311.72 160.2 R 1.32(ainst MX records when doing name)-.05 F(canoni\214cations.)
174 172.2 Q F0(N.B.)5.918 E F1 .917
(Prior to 8.7, this option indicated that the name serv)5.918 F .917(er be)-.15
F 1.025(responding in order to accept addresses.)174 184.2 R 1.025
(This has been replaced by checking to)6.025 F .078(see if the \231dns\232 met\
hod is listed in the service switch entry for the \231hosts\232 service.)174
196.2 R(SmtpGreetingMessage=)102 212.4 Q F2(messa)A -.1(ge)-.1 G F1 .344
([$e macro] The message printed when the SMTP serv)174 224.4 R .345
(er starts up.)-.15 F(Def)5.345 E .345(aults to \231$j)-.1 F
(Sendmail $v ready at $b\232.)174 236.4 Q -.35(Ti)102 252.6 S(meout.).35 E F2
(type)A F1(=)A F2(timeout)1.666 E F1 .297
([r; subsumes old T option as well] Set timeout v)174 264.6 R 2.796(alues. The)
-.25 F .296(actual timeout is indi-)2.796 F 1.678(cated by the)174 276.6 R F2
(type)4.178 E F1 6.678(.T)C 1.678(he recognized timeouts and their def)261.802
276.6 R 1.679(ault v)-.1 F 1.679(alues, and their)-.25 F(minimum v)174 288.6 Q
(alues speci\214ed in RFC 1123 section 5.3.2 are:)-.25 E 23.6(initial w)214
304.8 R(ait for initial greeting message [5m, 5m])-.1 E 29.72(helo reply)214
316.8 R(to HELO or EHLO command [5m, none])2.5 E 29.16(mail reply)214 328.8 R
(to MAIL command [10m, 5m])2.5 E 31.39(rcpt reply)214 340.8 R
(to RCPT command [1h, 5m])2.5 E 16.94(datainit reply)214 352.8 R(to D)2.5 E
-1.21 -1.11(AT A)-.4 H(command [5m, 2m])3.61 E 8.06(datablock data)214 364.8 R
(block read [1h, 3m])2.5 E 12.5(data\214nal reply)214 376.8 R(to \214nal `)2.5
E(`.)-.74 E 1.48 -.74('' i)-.7 H 2.5(nd).74 G(ata [1h, 10m])348.47 376.8 Q 32.5
(rset reply)214 388.8 R(to RSET command [5m, none])2.5 E 31.38(quit reply)214
400.8 R(to Q)2.5 E(UIT command [2m, none])-.1 E 28.05(misc reply)214 412.8 R
(to NOOP and VERB commands [2m, none])2.5 E 26.94(ident IDENT)214 424.8 R
(protocol timeout [30s, none])2.5 E 9.72(\214leopen\207 timeout)214 436.8 R
(on opening .forw)2.5 E(ard and :include: \214les [60s, none])-.1 E 2.5
(command\207 command)214 448.8 R(read [1h, 5m])2.5 E(queuereturn\207ho)214
460.8 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(ong until a message is returned [5d, 5d])289.01 460.8 Q
(queue)214 472.8 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G -1.58(rn\207 ho).1 F 2.5(wl)-.25 G
(ong until a w)285.69 472.8 Q(arning is sent [none, none])-.1 E .893(All b)174
489 R .893(ut those mark)-.2 F .893
(ed with a dagger \(\207\) apply to client SMTP)-.1 F 5.892(.I)-1.11 G 3.392
(ft)437.724 489 S .892(he message is)447.226 489 R .273(submitted using the)174
501 R/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(NO)2.773 E .523(TIFY SMTP)-.36 F F1 -.15(ex)2.773 G
.273(tension, w).15 F .274(arning messages will only be sent)-.1 F(if)174 513 Q
F3(NO)3.038 E(TIFY=DELA)-.36 E(Y)-.945 E F1 .538(is speci\214ed.)3.038 F .537
(The queuereturn and queue)5.537 F -.1(wa)-.25 G .537(rn timeouts can be).1 F
1.234(further quali\214ed with a tag based on the Precedence: \214eld in the m\
essage; the)174 525 R(y)-.15 E 1.9(must be one of \231ur)174 537 R 1.9
(gent\232 \(indicating a positi)-.18 F 2.2 -.15(ve n)-.25 H 1.9
(on-zero precedence\) \231normal\232).15 F .251
(\(indicating a zero precedence\), or \231non-ur)174 549 R .251
(gent\232 \(indicating ne)-.18 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .552 -.15(ve p)-.25 H
(recedences\).).15 E -.15(Fo)174 561 S 4.423(re).15 G 1.923
(xample, setting \231T)196.453 561 R(imeout.queue)-.35 E -.1(wa)-.25 G(rn.ur).1
E 1.923(gent=1h\232 sets the w)-.18 F 1.922(arning timeout)-.1 F .222(for ur)
174 573 R .223(gent messages only to one hour)-.18 F 5.223(.T)-.55 G .223
(he def)336.749 573 R .223(ault if no precedence is indicated is)-.1 F
(to set the timeout for all precedences.)174 585 Q(RecipientF)102 601.2 Q
(actor=)-.15 E F2(fact)A F1 .638([y] The indicated)174 613.2 R F2(fact)3.137 E
F1 .637(or is added to the priority \(thus)B F2(lowering)3.137 E F1 .637
(the priority of the)3.137 F .23(job\) for each recipient, i.e., this v)174
625.2 R .231(alue penalizes jobs with lar)-.25 F .231(ge numbers of recipi-)
-.18 F 2.5(ents. Def)174 637.2 R(aults to 30000.)-.1 E(RefuseLA=)102 653.4 Q F2
(LA)A F1 1.012([X] When the system load a)174 653.4 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.012
(rage e).15 F(xceeds)-.15 E F2(LA)3.512 E F1 3.512(,r)C 1.011
(efuse incoming SMTP connec-)376.816 653.4 R 2.5(tions. Def)174 665.4 R
(aults to 12.)-.1 E(RetryF)102 681.6 Q(actor=)-.15 E F2(fact)A F1 .771([Z] The)
3.74 F F2(fact)3.271 E F1 .771(or is added to the priority e)B -.15(ve)-.25 G
.772(ry time a job is processed.).15 F .772(Thus, each)5.772 F .994
(time a job is processed, its priority will be decreased by the indicated v)174
693.6 R 3.493(alue. In)-.25 F 1.107(most en)174 705.6 R 1.107
(vironments this should be positi)-.4 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.608(,s).15 G 1.108
(ince hosts that are do)357.354 705.6 R 1.108(wn are all too)-.25 F(often do)
174 717.6 Q(wn for a long time.)-.25 E(Def)5 E(aults to 90000.)-.1 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-45)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(Sa)102 96 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 10.41
(FromLine [f]).15 F(Sa)4.909 E 2.709 -.15(ve U)-.2 H 2.408
(nix-style \231From\232 lines at the front of headers.).15 F 2.408
(Normally the)7.408 F 4.908(ya)-.15 G(re)496.23 96 Q
(assumed redundant and discarded.)174 108 Q(SendMIMEErrors)102 124.2 Q .815
([j] If set, send error messages in MIME format \(see RFC1521 and RFC1344 for)
174 136.2 R(details\).)174 148.2 Q(ServiceSwitchFile=)102 164.4 Q/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(\214lename)A F1 1.533([no short name] If your host operatin\
g system has a service switch abstraction)174 176.4 R .003(\(e.g., /etc/nsswit\
ch.conf on Solaris or /etc/svc.conf on Ultrix and DEC OSF/1\) that)174 188.4 R
.814(service will be consulted and this option is ignored.)174 200.4 R .814
(Otherwise, this is the name)5.814 F 1.082(of a \214le that pro)174 212.4 R
1.082(vides the list of methods used to implement particular services.)-.15 F
1.069(The syntax is a series of lines, each of which is a sequence of w)174
224.4 R 3.569(ords. The)-.1 F(\214rst)3.569 E -.1(wo)174 236.4 S 1.363
(rd is the service name, and follo).1 F 1.363(wing w)-.25 F 1.364
(ords are service types.)-.1 F 1.364(The services)6.364 F(that)174 248.4 Q F2
(sendmail)4.11 E F1 1.61(consults directly are \231aliases\232 and \231hosts.)
4.11 F 6.61<9a53>-.7 G 1.61(ervice types can be)422.81 248.4 R 1.754
(\231dns\232, \231nis\232, \231nisplus\232, or \231\214les\232 \(with the ca)
174 260.4 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.755(at that the appropriate support).15 F .791
(must be compiled in before the service can be referenced\).)174 272.4 R .79
(If ServiceSwitchFile)5.791 F 1.303(is not speci\214ed, it def)174 284.4 R
1.303(aults to /etc/service.switch.)-.1 F 1.303(If that \214le does not e)6.303
F 1.304(xist, the)-.15 F(def)174 296.4 Q(ault switch is:)-.1 E 20.28
(aliases \214les)214 312.6 R 26.38(hosts dns)214 324.6 R(nis \214les)2.5 E
(The def)174 340.8 Q(ault \214le is \231/etc/service.switch\232.)-.1 E(Se)102
357 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 12.12(nBitInput [7]).15 F .322(Strip input to se)2.822 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.822(nb).15 G .321(its for compatibility with old systems.)
274.93 357 R .321(This shouldn')5.321 F 2.821(tb)-.18 G(e)499.56 357 Q
(necessary)174 369 Q(.)-.65 E(StatusFile=)102 385.2 Q F2(\214le)A F1 .299
([S] Log summary statistics in the named)174 385.2 R F2(\214le)2.799 E F1 5.299
(.I)C 2.799(fn)363.602 385.2 S .3(ot set, no summary statistics are)374.731
385.2 R(sa)174 397.2 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.775(d. This).15 F 1.275
(\214le does not gro)3.775 F 3.775(wi)-.25 G 3.775(ns)308.82 397.2 S 3.775
(ize. It)321.485 397.2 R 1.275(can be printed using the)3.775 F F2(mailstats)
3.775 E F1(\(8\))A(program.)174 409.2 Q 28.4(SuperSafe [s])102 425.4 R .372
(Be super)2.872 F .372(-safe when running things, i.e., al)-.2 F -.1(wa)-.1 G
.373(ys instantiate the queue \214le, e).1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E .697
(if you are going to attempt immediate deli)174 437.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E
(.)-.65 E F2(Sendmail)5.697 E F1(al)3.197 E -.1(wa)-.1 G .697
(ys instantiates the).1 F 2.688
(queue \214le before returning control the client under an)174 449.4 R 5.188
(yc)-.15 G 5.188(ircumstances. This)423.822 449.4 R(should really)174 461.4 Q
F2(always)2.5 E F1(be set.)2.5 E -.7(Te)102 477.6 S(mpFileMode=).7 E F2(mode)A
F1 .332([F] The \214le mode for queue \214les.)174 489.6 R .331
(It is interpreted in octal by def)5.331 F 2.831(ault. Def)-.1 F .331(aults to)
-.1 F(0600.)174 501.6 Q -.35(Ti)102 517.8 S(meZoneSpec=).35 E F2(tzinfo)A F1
.218([t] Set the local time zone info to)174 529.8 R F2(tzinfo)2.718 E F1 2.718
<8a66>2.718 G .218(or e)351.168 529.8 R .218(xample, \231PST8PDT\232.)-.15 F
(Actually)5.218 E 2.718(,i)-.65 G(f)500.67 529.8 Q 1.346
(this is not set, the TZ en)174 541.8 R 1.346(vironment v)-.4 F 1.346
(ariable is cleared \(so the system def)-.25 F 1.345(ault is)-.1 F .208
(used\); if set b)174 553.8 R .208(ut null, the user')-.2 F 2.708(sT)-.55 G
2.708(Zv)306.916 553.8 S .208(ariable is used, and if set and non-null the TZ)
320.484 553.8 R -.25(va)174 565.8 S(riable is set to this v).25 E(alue.)-.25 E
-.35(Tr)102 582 S 5.96(yNullMXList [w]).35 F .114
(If this system is the \231best\232 \(that is, lo)2.614 F .114
(west preference\) MX for a gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.613(nh).15 G .113
(ost, its)477.767 582 R 1.168(con\214guration rules should normally detect thi\
s situation and treat that condition)174 594 R .258(specially by forw)174 606 R
.258(arding the mail to a UUCP feed, treating it as local, or whate)-.1 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G -.55(r.).15 G(Ho)174 618 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.685 -.4(r, i)
.15 H 3.385(ns).4 G .886(ome cases \(such as Internet \214re)230.54 618 R -.1
(wa)-.25 G .886(lls\) you may w).1 F .886(ant to try to con-)-.1 F .07
(nect directly to that host as though it had no MX records at all.)174 630 R
.07(Setting this option)5.07 F(causes)174 642 Q F2(sendmail)3.013 E F1 .514
(to try this.)3.013 F .514(The do)5.514 F .514
(wnside is that errors in your con\214guration are)-.25 F(lik)174 654 Q 2.116
(ely to be diagnosed as \231host unkno)-.1 F 2.116
(wn\232 or \231message timed out\232 instead of)-.25 F
(something more meaningful.)174 666 Q(This option is disrecommended.)5 E
(UnixFromLine=)102 682.2 Q F2(fr)A(omline)-.45 E F1 .236
([$l macro] De\214nes the format used when)174 694.2 R F2(sendmail)2.736 E F1
.236(must add a UNIX-style From_)2.736 F 1.325(line \(that is, a line be)174
706.2 R 1.325(ginning \231From<space>user\232\).)-.15 F(Def)6.324 E 1.324
(aults to \231From $g)-.1 F($d\232.)6.324 E(Don')174 718.2 Q 2.645(tc)-.18 G
.146(hange this unless your system uses a dif)204.235 718.2 R .146
(ferent UNIX mailbox format \(v)-.25 F(ery)-.15 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-46 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(unlik)174 96 Q
(ely\).)-.1 E(UseErrorsT)102 112.2 Q 21.15(o[)-.8 G .826
(l] If there is an \231Errors-T)177.33 112.2 R .826(o:\232 header)-.8 F 3.326
(,s)-.4 G .826(end error messages to the addresses listed)332.414 112.2 R 3.134
(there. The)174 124.2 R 3.134(yn)-.15 G .634(ormally go to the en)230.658 124.2
R -.15(ve)-.4 G .635(lope sender).15 F 5.635(.U)-.55 G .635
(se of this option causes)383.895 124.2 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(send-)3.135 E
(mail)174 136.2 Q F1(to violate RFC 1123.)2.5 E
(This option is disrecommended and deprecated.)5 E(UserDatabaseSpec=)102 152.4
Q F2(udbspec)A F1([U] The user database speci\214cation.)174 164.4 Q -1.11(Ve)
102 180.6 S 37.29(rbose [v])1.11 F .561(Run in v)3.061 F .561(erbose mode.)-.15
F .561(If this is set,)5.561 F F2(sendmail)3.061 E F1 .56(adjusts options)3.061
F F0(HoldExpensi)3.06 E -.1(ve)-.1 G F1(\(old)174 192.6 Q F0(c)2.635 E F1 2.635
(\)a)C(nd)207.59 192.6 Q F0(Deli)2.635 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(ryMode).1 E F1(\(old)
2.635 E F0(d)2.635 E F1 2.635(\)s)C 2.635(ot)317.36 192.6 S .135
(hat all mail is deli)327.775 192.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .136
(red completely in a sin-).15 F 1.244
(gle job so that you can see the entire deli)174 204.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.244
(ry process.).15 F(Option)6.244 E F0 -1(Ve)3.743 G(rbose)1 E F1(should)3.743 E
F2(ne)174 216.6 Q(ver)-.15 E F1(be set in the con\214guration \214le; it is in\
tended for command line use only)2.5 E(.)-.65 E .108(All options can be speci\
\214ed on the command line using the \255O or \255o \215ag, b)102 232.8 R .109
(ut most will cause)-.2 F F2(send-)2.609 E(mail)102 244.8 Q F1 1.135
(to relinquish its setuid permissions.)3.635 F 1.135
(The options that will not cause this are MinFreeBlocks)6.135 F .513([b], Deli)
102 256.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .513
(ryMode [d], ErrorMode [e], IgnoreDots [i], LogLe).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.014
(l[).15 G .514(L], MeT)369.118 256.8 R .514(oo [m], OldStyleHeaders)-.8 F .53
([o], Pri)102 268.8 R -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G .53(Options [p], T).15 F .53
(imeouts [r], SuperSafe [s], V)-.35 F .53(erbose [v], CheckpointInterv)-1.11 F
.53(al [C], and Se)-.25 F(v-)-.25 E(enBitInput [7].)102 280.8 Q(Also, M \(de\
\214ne macro\) when de\214ning the r or s macros is also considered \231safe\
\232.)5 E F0 2.5(5.7. P)87 304.8 R 2.5<8a50>2.5 G -.18(re)134.22 304.8 S
(cedence De\214nitions).18 E F1 -1.11(Va)127 321 S .164
(lues for the \231Precedence:\232 \214eld may be de\214ned using the)1.11 F F0
(P)2.664 E F1 .164(control line.)2.664 F .164(The syntax of this)5.164 F
(\214eld is:)102 333 Q F0(P)142 349.2 Q F2(name)A F0(=)A F2(num)A F1 .384
(When the)102 365.4 R F2(name)2.884 E F1 .384
(is found in a \231Precedence:\232 \214eld, the message class is set to)2.884 F
F2(num)2.883 E F1 5.383(.H)C .383(igher numbers)446.127 365.4 R .85
(mean higher precedence.)102 377.4 R .85(Numbers less than zero ha)5.85 F 1.15
-.15(ve t)-.2 H .85(he special property that if an error occurs).15 F 1.551
(during processing the body of the message will not be returned; this is e)102
389.4 R 1.551(xpected to be used for)-.15 F<9962>102 401.4 Q .461
(ulk\232 mail such as through mailing lists.)-.2 F .461(The def)5.461 F .461
(ault precedence is zero.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)5.461 G 2.962(re).15 G .462
(xample, our list of)429.284 401.4 R(precedences is:)102 413.4 Q
(P\214rst-class=0)142 429.6 Q(Pspecial-deli)142 441.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry=100)
.15 E(Plist=\25530)142 453.6 Q(Pb)142 465.6 Q(ulk=\25560)-.2 E(Pjunk=\255100)
142 477.6 Q 1.059(People writing mailing list e)102 493.8 R 1.058
(xploders are encouraged to use \231Precedence: list\232.)-.15 F 1.058(Older v)
6.058 F 1.058(ersions of)-.15 F F2(sendmail)102 505.8 Q F1 1.19
(\(which discarded all error returns for ne)3.69 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.49
-.15(ve p)-.25 H 1.19(recedences\) didn').15 F 3.69(tr)-.18 G 1.19
(ecognize this name,)422.47 505.8 R(gi)102 517.8 Q .599(ving it a def)-.25 F
.598(ault precedence of zero.)-.1 F .598(This allo)5.598 F .598
(ws list maintainers to see error returns on both old)-.25 F(and ne)102 529.8 Q
2.5(wv)-.25 G(ersions of)142.7 529.8 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(.)A F0 2.5(5.8. V)
87 553.8 R 2.5<8a43>2.5 G(on\214guration V)136.44 553.8 Q(ersion Le)-1 E -.1
(ve)-.15 G(l).1 E F1 3.181 -.8(To p)127 570 T(ro).8 E 1.581
(vide compatibility with old con\214guration \214les, the)-.15 F F0(V)4.081 E
F1 1.582(line has been added to de\214ne)4.082 F 1.11(some v)102 582 R 1.11
(ery basic semantics of the con\214guration \214le.)-.15 F 1.11
(These are not intended to be long term sup-)6.11 F .033(ports; rather)102 594
R 2.533(,t)-.4 G(he)158.046 594 Q 2.533(yd)-.15 G .033
(escribe compatibility features which will probably be remo)179.869 594 R -.15
(ve)-.15 G 2.533(di).15 G 2.533(nf)435.903 594 S .034(uture releases.)446.766
594 R F0(N.B.:)127 610.2 Q F1 .197(these v)2.697 F(ersion)-.15 E F2(le)2.697 E
(vels)-.15 E F1(ha)2.697 E .496 -.15(ve n)-.2 H .196(othing to do with the v)
.15 F(ersion)-.15 E F2(number)2.696 E F1 .196(on the \214les.)2.696 F -.15(Fo)
5.196 G 2.696(re).15 G(xam-)483.45 610.2 Q(ple, as of this writing v)102 622.2
Q(ersion 8 con\214g \214les \(speci\214cally)-.15 E 2.5(,8)-.65 G(.7\) used v)
333.41 622.2 Q(ersion le)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l6c).15 G(on\214gurations.)
432.84 622.2 Q 1.102(\231Old\232 con\214guration \214les are de\214ned as v)127
638.4 R 1.102(ersion le)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.602(lo).15 G 3.602(ne. V)
353.006 638.4 R 1.102(ersion le)-1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.602(lt).15 G 1.302 -.1
(wo \214)430.622 638.4 T 1.103(les mak).1 F 3.603(et)-.1 G(he)494.56 638.4 Q
(follo)102 650.4 Q(wing changes:)-.25 E 12.5(\(1\) Host)107 666.6 R .727(name \
canoni\214cation \($[ ... $]\) appends a dot if the name is recognized; this g\
i)3.227 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.226(st).15 G(he)494.56 666.6 Q 1.974
(con\214g \214le a w)133.66 678.6 R 1.974(ay of \214nding out if an)-.1 F 1.974
(ything matched.)-.15 F(\(Actually)6.974 E 4.475(,t)-.65 G 1.975
(his just initializes the)413.345 678.6 R .739
(\231host\232 map with the \231\255a.)133.66 690.6 R 5.739<9a8d>-.7 G .739
(ag \212 you can reset it to an)251.445 690.6 R .738
(ything you prefer by declaring the)-.15 F(map e)133.66 702.6 Q(xplicitly)-.15
E(.\))-.65 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-47)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 12.5(\(2\) Def)107 96 R .384
(ault host name e)-.1 F .385(xtension is consistent throughout processing; v)
-.15 F .385(ersion le)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.885(lo).15 G .385(ne con\214gu-)
458.345 96 R .83(rations turned of)133.66 108 R 3.33(fd)-.25 G .83(omain e)
212.83 108 R .83
(xtension \(that is, adding the local domain name\) during certain)-.15 F .4
(points in processing.)133.66 120 R -1.11(Ve)5.4 G .4(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G 2.9(lt).15 G .6 -.1(wo c)280.53 120 T .4(on\214gurations are e).1 F .4
(xpected to include a trailing dot)-.15 F
(to indicate that the name is already canonical.)133.66 132 Q 12.5(\(3\) Local)
107 148.2 R .072(names that are not aliases are passed through a ne)2.572 F
2.572(wd)-.25 G .072(istinguished ruleset \214v)372.752 148.2 R .072
(e; this can)-.15 F 1.426(be used to append a local relay)133.66 160.2 R 6.426
(.T)-.65 G 1.426(his beha)279.902 160.2 R 1.426(viour can be pre)-.2 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G 1.426(nted by resolving the local).15 F .209(name with an initial `@'.)
133.66 172.2 R .209(That is, something that resolv)5.209 F .209
(es to a local mailer and a user name)-.15 F 1.072
(of \231vikki\232 will be passed through ruleset \214v)133.66 184.2 R 1.072
(e, b)-.15 F 1.073(ut a user name of \231@vikki\232 will ha)-.2 F 1.373 -.15
(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E .417
(`@' stripped, will not be passed through ruleset \214v)133.66 196.2 R .417
(e, b)-.15 F .416(ut will otherwise be treated the same)-.2 F 1.702
(as the prior e)133.66 208.2 R 4.202(xample. The)-.15 F -.15(ex)4.202 G 1.703
(pectation is that this might be used to implement a polic).15 F(y)-.15 E .136
(where mail sent to \231vikki\232 w)133.66 220.2 R .135
(as handled by a central hub, b)-.1 F .135
(ut mail sent to \231vikki@localhost\232)-.2 F -.1(wa)133.66 232.2 S 2.5(sd).1
G(eli)156.61 232.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(red directly).15 E(.)-.65 E -1.11(Ve)127
248.4 S 1.382(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.882(lt).15 G 1.382
(hree \214les allo)187.134 248.4 R 3.882(w#i)-.25 G 1.382
(nitiated comments on all lines.)266.292 248.4 R 1.383
(Exceptions are backslash)6.383 F(escaped # marks and the $# syntax.)102 260.4
Q -1.11(Ve)127 276.6 S 1.208(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.708(lf).15 G
1.208(our con\214gurations are completely equi)187.336 276.6 R -.25(va)-.25 G
1.207(lent to le).25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.707(lt).15 G 1.207
(hree for historical rea-)411.249 276.6 R(sons.)102 288.6 Q -1.11(Ve)127 304.8
S 1.234(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.734<6c8c>.15 G 1.534 -.15(ve c)189.618
304.8 T 1.234(on\214guration \214les change the def).15 F 1.234
(ault de\214nition of)-.1 F F0($w)3.734 E F1 1.234(to be just the \214rst)3.734
F(component of the hostname.)102 316.8 Q -1.11(Ve)127 333 S 1.589(rsion le)1.11
F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.089(ls).15 G 1.589(ix con\214guration \214les change man)
188.658 333 R 4.088(yo)-.15 G 4.088(ft)342.272 333 S 1.588
(he local processing options \(such as)352.47 333 R .48
(aliasing and matching the be)102 345 R .481
(ginning of the address for `|' characters\) to be mailer \215ags; this allo)
-.15 F(ws)-.25 E 1.345(\214ne-grained control o)102 357 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.845
(rt).15 G 1.345(he special local processing.)210.435 357 R(Le)6.345 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G 3.845(ls).15 G 1.344(ix con\214guration \214les may also use)360.34 357
R 1.221(long option names.)102 369 R(The)6.221 E F0(ColonOkInAddr)3.721 E F1
1.221(option \(to allo)3.721 F 3.722(wc)-.25 G 1.222
(olons in the local-part of addresses\))355.42 369 R(def)102 381 Q(aults)-.1 E
F0(on)3.44 E F1 .94(for lo)3.44 F .94(wer numbered con\214guration \214les; th\
e con\214guration \214le requires some additional)-.25 F
(intelligence to properly handle the RFC 822 group construct.)102 393 Q(The)127
409.2 Q F0(V)2.677 E F1 .177(line may ha)2.677 F .477 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 2.677(no)
.15 G(ptional)231.022 409.2 Q F0(/)2.677 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(vendor)A F1
.178(to indicate that this con\214guration \214le uses modi\214ca-)2.677 F .865
(tions speci\214c to a particular v)102 423.2 R(endor)-.15 E/F3 7/Times-Roman@0
SF(19)246.986 419.2 Q F1 5.866(.Y)253.986 423.2 S .866(ou may use \231/Berk)
268.472 423.2 R(ele)-.1 E .866(y\232 to emphasize that this con\214gura-)-.15 F
(tion \214le uses the Berk)102 435.2 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5(yd)-.15 G(ialect of)213.13
435.2 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(.)A F0 2.5(5.9. K)87 459.2 R 2.5<8a4b>2.5 G
(ey File Declaration)137.31 459.2 Q F1
(Special maps can be de\214ned using the line:)127 475.4 Q
(Kmapname mapclass ar)142 491.6 Q(guments)-.18 E(The)102 507.8 Q F2(mapname)
2.751 E F1 .251(is the handle by which this map is referenced in the re)2.751 F
.25(writing rules.)-.25 F(The)5.25 E F2(mapclass)2.75 E F1(is)2.75 E 1.889
(the name of a type of map; these are compiled in to)102 519.8 R F2(sendmail)
4.389 E F1 6.889(.T)C(he)384.013 519.8 Q F2(ar)4.389 E(guments)-.37 E F1 1.889
(are interpreted)4.389 F .791(depending on the class; typically)102 531.8 R
3.291(,t)-.65 G .791(here w)244.185 531.8 R .791(ould be a single ar)-.1 F .79
(gument naming the \214le containing the)-.18 F(map.)102 543.8 Q
(Maps are referenced using the syntax:)127 560 Q($\()142 576.2 Q F2(map k)2.5 E
-.3(ey)-.1 G F1($@)2.8 E F2(ar)2.5 E(guments)-.37 E F1($:)2.5 E F2(default)2.5
E F1($\))2.5 E .64(where either or both of the)102 592.4 R F2(ar)3.14 E
(guments)-.37 E F1(or)3.141 E F2(default)3.141 E F1 .641
(portion may be omitted.)3.141 F(The)5.641 E F2 .641($@ ar)3.141 F(guments)-.37
E F1(may)3.141 E 1.277(appear more than once.)102 604.4 R 1.277(The indicated)
6.277 F F2 -.1(ke)3.777 G(y)-.2 E F1(and)3.776 E F2(ar)3.776 E(guments)-.37 E
F1 1.276(are passed to the appropriate mapping)3.776 F 3.253(function. If)102
616.4 R .753(it returns a v)3.253 F .753(alue, it replaces the input.)-.25 F
.753(If it does not return a v)5.753 F .753(alue and the)-.25 F F2(default)
3.253 E F1(is)3.253 E(speci\214ed, the)102 628.4 Q F2(default)2.5 E F1
(replaces the input.)2.5 E(Otherwise, the input is unchanged.)5 E 1.042
(During replacement of either a map v)127 644.6 R 1.042(alue or def)-.25 F
1.042(ault the string \231%)-.1 F F2(n)A F1 3.542<9a28>C(where)417.414 644.6 Q
F2(n)3.542 E F1 1.041(is a digit\) is)3.541 F .481
(replaced by the corresponding)102 656.6 R F2(ar)2.981 E(gument)-.37 E F1 5.481
(.A)C -.18(rg)280.385 656.6 S .482(ument zero is al).18 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .482
(ys the database k).1 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 5.482(.F)-.5 G .482(or e)456.458 656.6 R
(xample,)-.15 E(the rule)102 668.6 Q .32 LW 76 678.2 72 678.2 DL 80 678.2 76
678.2 DL 84 678.2 80 678.2 DL 88 678.2 84 678.2 DL 92 678.2 88 678.2 DL 96
678.2 92 678.2 DL 100 678.2 96 678.2 DL 104 678.2 100 678.2 DL 108 678.2 104
678.2 DL 112 678.2 108 678.2 DL 116 678.2 112 678.2 DL 120 678.2 116 678.2 DL
124 678.2 120 678.2 DL 128 678.2 124 678.2 DL 132 678.2 128 678.2 DL 136 678.2
132 678.2 DL 140 678.2 136 678.2 DL 144 678.2 140 678.2 DL 148 678.2 144 678.2
DL 152 678.2 148 678.2 DL 156 678.2 152 678.2 DL 160 678.2 156 678.2 DL 164
678.2 160 678.2 DL 168 678.2 164 678.2 DL 172 678.2 168 678.2 DL 176 678.2 172
678.2 DL 180 678.2 176 678.2 DL 184 678.2 180 678.2 DL 188 678.2 184 678.2 DL
192 678.2 188 678.2 DL 196 678.2 192 678.2 DL 200 678.2 196 678.2 DL 204 678.2
200 678.2 DL 208 678.2 204 678.2 DL 212 678.2 208 678.2 DL 216 678.2 212 678.2
DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(19)93.6 688.6 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .214
(And of course, v)3.2 J .214(endors are encouraged to add themselv)-.12 F .214
(es to the list of recognized v)-.12 F .214(endors by editing the routine)-.12
F/F6 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(setvendor)2.214 E F5(in)2.214 E F6(conf)72 701.4 Q(.c)
-.12 E F5 4(.P)C(lease send e-mail to sendmail@CS.Berk)101.656 701.4 Q(ele)-.08
E -.52(y.)-.12 G(EDU to re).52 E(gister your v)-.12 E(endor dialect.)-.12 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-48 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(R$\255 ! $+)142
96 Q($: $\(uucp $1 $@ $2 $: %1 @ %0 . UUCP $\))250 96 Q 1.269(Looks up the UUC\
P name in a \(user de\214ned\) UUCP map; if not found it turns it into \231.UU\
CP\232)102 112.2 R 2.5(form. The)102 124.2 R
(database might contain records lik)2.5 E(e:)-.1 E(decv)142 140.4 Q 77.43
(ax %1@%0.DEC.COM)-.25 F 72.19(research %1@%0.A)142 152.4 R(TT)-1.11 E(.COM)
-.74 E .741(The b)127 172.8 R .741(uilt in map with both name and class \231ho\
st\232 is the host name canonicalization lookup.)-.2 F(Thus, the syntax:)102
184.8 Q($\(host)142 201 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(hostname)2.5 E F1($\))A
(is equi)102 217.2 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to:).25 E($[)142 233.4 Q F2(hostname)A
F1($])A(There are man)127 253.8 Q 2.5(yd)-.15 G(e\214ned classes.)197.1 253.8 Q
51.72(dbm Database)102 270 R 1.623(lookups using the ndbm\(3\) library)4.123 F
(.)-.65 E F2(Sendmail)6.623 E F1 1.623(must be compiled with)4.123 F F0(NDBM)
174 282 Q F1(de\214ned.)2.5 E 49.51(btree Database)102 298.2 R 1.284
(lookups using the btree interf)3.784 F 1.285(ace to the Berk)-.1 F(ele)-.1 E
3.785(yd)-.15 G 1.285(b\(3\) library)425.99 298.2 R(.)-.65 E F2(Send-)6.285 E
(mail)174 310.2 Q F1(must be compiled with)2.5 E F0(NEWDB)2.5 E F1(de\214ned.)
2.5 E 51.17(hash Database)102 326.4 R .122(lookups using the hash interf)2.622
F .122(ace to the Berk)-.1 F(ele)-.1 E 2.622(yd)-.15 G .121(b\(3\) library)
413.868 326.4 R(.)-.65 E F2(Sendmail)5.121 E F1(must be compiled with)174 338.4
Q F0(NEWDB)2.5 E F1(de\214ned.)2.5 E 57.83(nis NIS)102 354.6 R(lookups.)2.5 E
F2(Sendmail)5 E F1(must be compiled with)2.5 E F0(NIS)2.5 E F1(de\214ned.)2.5 E
41.16(nisplus NIS+)102 370.8 R(lookups.)3.733 E F2(Sendmail)6.233 E F1 1.233
(must be compiled with)3.733 F F0(NISPLUS)3.733 E F1 3.733(de\214ned. The)3.733
F(ar)3.733 E(gu-)-.18 E .495
(ment is the name of the table to use for lookups, and the)174 382.8 R F0<ad6b>
2.995 E F1(and)2.995 E F0<ad76>2.995 E F1 .495(\215ags may be)2.995 F
(used to set the k)174 394.8 Q .3 -.15(ey a)-.1 H(nd v).15 E
(alue columns respecti)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E(.)-.65 E 43.39
(hesiod Hesiod)102 411 R(lookups.)2.5 E F2(Sendmail)5 E F1
(must be compiled with)2.5 E F0(HESIOD)2.5 E F1(de\214ned.)2.5 E 41.17
(netinfo NeXT)102 427.2 R(NetInfo lookups.)2.5 E F2(Sendmail)5 E F1
(must be compiled with)2.5 E F0(NETINFO)2.5 E F1(de\214ned.)2.5 E(te)102 443.4
Q 54.65(xt T)-.15 F -.15(ex)-.7 G 2.917<748c>.15 G .417(le lookups.)199.957
443.4 R .417(The format of the te)5.417 F .418(xt \214le is de\214ned by the)
-.15 F F0<ad6b>2.918 E F1(\(k)2.918 E .718 -.15(ey \214)-.1 H .418(eld num-).15
F(ber\),)174 455.4 Q F0<ad76>2.5 E F1(\(v)2.5 E(alue \214eld number\), and)-.25
E F0<ad7a>2.5 E F1(\(\214eld delimiter\) \215ags.)2.5 E 53.39(stab Internal)102
471.6 R(symbol table lookups.)2.5 E(Used internally for aliasing.)5 E 38.38
(implicit Really)102 487.8 R .546
(should be called \231alias\232 \212 this is used to get the def)3.046 F .546
(ault lookups for alias)-.1 F(\214les, and is the def)174 499.8 Q
(ault if no class is speci\214ed for alias \214les.)-.1 E 52.84(user Looks)102
516 R .476(up users using)2.976 F F2 -.1(ge)2.976 G(tpwnam).1 E F1 2.976
(\(3\). The)B F0<ad76>2.976 E F1 .477(\215ag can be used to specify the name)
2.976 F .142
(of the \214eld to return \(although this is normally used only to check the e)
174 528 R .142(xistence of)-.15 F 2.5(au)174 540 S(ser\).)185.94 540 Q 52.83
(host Canoni\214es)102 556.2 R .2(host domain names.)2.7 F(Gi)5.2 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G 2.7(nah).15 G .2(ost name it calls the name serv)343.68 556.2 R .2
(er to \214nd)-.15 F(the canonical name for that host.)174 568.2 Q 32.85
(sequence The)102 584.4 R(ar)3.35 E .849
(guments on the `K' line are a list of maps; the resulting map searches the)
-.18 F(ar)174 596.4 Q .438
(gument maps in order until it \214nds a match for the indicated k)-.18 F -.15
(ey)-.1 G 5.439(.F)-.5 G .439(or e)456.501 596.4 R(xample,)-.15 E(if the k)174
608.4 Q .3 -.15(ey d)-.1 H(e\214nition is:).15 E(Kmap1 ...)214 624.6 Q
(Kmap2 ...)214 636.6 Q(Kseqmap sequence map1 map2)214 648.6 Q .968
(then a lookup ag)174 664.8 R .968
(ainst \231seqmap\232 \214rst does a lookup in map1.)-.05 F .968
(If that is found, it)5.968 F(returns immediately)174 676.8 Q 5(.O)-.65 G
(therwise, the same k)268.34 676.8 Q .3 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 2.5(su).15 G
(sed for map2.)375.85 676.8 Q 43.39(switch Much)102 693 R(lik)2.8 E 2.8(et)-.1
G .3(he \231sequence\232 map e)220.61 693 R .301
(xcept that the order of maps is determined by the)-.15 F .392(service switch.)
174 705 R .392(The ar)5.392 F .391
(gument is the name of the service to be look)-.18 F .391(ed up; the v)-.1 F
(al-)-.25 E 1.492
(ues from the service switch are appended to the map name to create ne)174 717
R 3.993(wm)-.25 G(ap)494.56 717 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-49)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.5(names. F)174 96 R(or e)-.15 E
(xample, consider the k)-.15 E .3 -.15(ey d)-.1 H(e\214nition:).15 E
(Kali switch aliases)214 112.2 Q(together with the service switch entry:)174
128.4 Q 78.84(aliases nis)214 144.6 R(\214les)2.5 E 1.633
(This causes a query ag)174 160.8 R 1.633
(ainst the map \231ali\232 to search maps named \231ali.nis\232 and)-.05 F
(\231ali.\214les\232 in that order)174 172.8 Q(.)-.55 E 37.84(dequote Strip)102
189 R .96(double quotes \("\) from a name.)3.46 F .961
(It does not strip backslashes, and will not)5.961 F .173
(strip quotes if the resulting string w)174 201 R .172
(ould contain unscannable syntax \(that is, basic)-.1 F .386(errors lik)174 213
R 2.886(eu)-.1 G .386(nbalanced angle brack)222.992 213 R .386
(ets; more sophisticated errors such as unkno)-.1 F(wn)-.25 E .252
(hosts are not check)174 225 R 2.752(ed\). The)-.1 F .251
(intent is for use when trying to accept mail from sys-)2.752 F
(tems such as DECnet that routinely quote odd syntax such as)174 237 Q
("49ers::ubell")214 253.2 Q 2.5(At)174 269.4 S
(ypical usage is probably something lik)186.5 269.4 Q(e:)-.1 E
(Kdequote dequote)214 285.6 Q(...)214 309.6 Q 88.19(R$\255 $:)214 333.6 R
($\(dequote $1 $\))2.5 E(R$\255 $+)214 345.6 Q($: $>3 $1 $2)322 345.6 Q
(Care must be tak)174 361.8 Q(en to pre)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt une).15 E
(xpected results; for e)-.15 E(xample,)-.15 E("|someprogram < input > output")
214 378 Q 1.31(will ha)174 394.2 R 1.61 -.15(ve q)-.2 H 1.31(uotes stripped, b)
.15 F 1.31(ut the result is probably not what you had in mind.)-.2 F -.15(Fo)
174 406.2 S(rtunately these cases are rare.).15 E .488
(Most of these accept as ar)127 422.4 R .488
(guments the same optional \215ags and a \214lename \(or a mapname for)-.18 F
.31(NIS; the \214lename is the root of the database path, so that \231.db\232 \
or some other e)102 434.4 R .31(xtension appropriate)-.15 F
(for the database type will be added to get the actual database name\).)102
446.4 Q(Kno)5 E(wn \215ags are:)-.25 E 58.86(\255o Indicates)102 462.6 R 1.147
(that this map is optional \212 that is, if it cannot be opened, no error is)
3.648 F(produced, and)174 474.6 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.5 E F1
(will beha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 2.5(si).15 G 2.5(ft)333.9 474.6 S(he map e)
342.51 474.6 Q(xisted b)-.15 E(ut w)-.2 E(as empty)-.1 E(.)-.65 E .647
(\255N, \255O)102 490.8 R .647(If neither)174.647 490.8 R F0<ad4e>3.147 E F1
(or)3.147 E F0<ad4f>3.147 E F1 .647(are speci\214ed,)3.147 F F2(sendmail)3.147
E F1 .647(uses an adapti)3.147 F .947 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .648(lgorithm to decide)
.15 F .108(whether or not to look for null bytes on the end of k)174 502.8 R
-.15(ey)-.1 G 2.608(s. It).15 F .107(starts by trying both; if)2.608 F .819
(it \214nds an)174 514.8 R 3.319(yk)-.15 G 1.119 -.15(ey w)228.157 514.8 T .819
(ith a null byte it ne).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.319(rt).15 G .82(ries ag)345.83
514.8 R .82(ain without a null byte and vice)-.05 F -.15(ve)174 526.8 S 2.828
(rsa. If).15 F F0<ad4e>2.828 E F1 .328(is speci\214ed it ne)2.828 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G 2.828(rt).15 G .328(ries without a null byte and if)311.696 526.8 R F0
<ad4f>2.827 E F1 .327(is speci\214ed it)2.827 F(ne)174 538.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
2.886(rt).15 G .386(ries with a null byte.)201.476 538.8 R .386
(Setting one of these can speed matches b)5.386 F .386(ut are ne)-.2 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G(r).15 E(necessary)174 550.8 Q 5.546(.I)-.65 G 3.046(fb)223.596 550.8 S
(oth)234.972 550.8 Q F0<ad4e>3.046 E F1(and)3.046 E F0<ad4f>3.046 E F1 .545
(are speci\214ed,)3.045 F F2(sendmail)3.045 E F1 .545(will ne)3.045 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G 3.045(rt).15 G .545(ry an)442.52 550.8 R 3.045(ym)-.15 G(atches)479.01
550.8 Q(at all \212 that is, e)174 562.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(rything will appear to f).15 E(ail.)-.1 E<ad61>102 579 Q F2(x)A F1 1.356
(Append the string)174 579 R F2(x)3.856 E F1 1.357(on successful matches.)3.856
F -.15(Fo)6.357 G 3.857(re).15 G 1.357(xample, the def)382.852 579 R(ault)-.1 E
F2(host)3.857 E F1(map)3.857 E(appends a dot on successful matches.)174 591 Q
60.53(\255f Do)102 607.2 R(not fold upper to lo)2.5 E
(wer case before looking up the k)-.25 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(.)-.5 E 56.08
(\255m Match)102 623.4 R .4(only \(without replacing the v)2.9 F 2.899
(alue\). If)-.25 F .399(you only care about the e)2.899 F .399(xistence of)-.15
F 7.306(ak)174 635.4 S 5.107 -.15(ey a)190.646 635.4 T 4.807(nd not the v).15 F
4.807(alue \(as you might when searching the NIS map)-.25 F 1.947
(\231hosts.byname\232 for e)174 647.4 R 1.947(xample\), this \215ag pre)-.15 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G 1.947(nts the map from substituting the).15 F -.25(va)174 659.4
S 2.849(lue. Ho).25 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.149 -.4(r, T).15 H .349
(he \255a ar).4 F .349(gument is still appended on a match, and the def)-.18 F
.35(ault is)-.1 F(still tak)174 671.4 Q(en if the match f)-.1 E(ails.)-.1 E
<ad6b>102 687.6 Q F2 -.1(ke)C(ycol)-.2 E F1(The k)174 687.6 Q .3 -.15(ey c)-.1
H(olumn name \(for NIS+\) or number \(for te).15 E(xt lookups\).)-.15 E<ad76>
102 703.8 Q F2(valcol)A F1(The v)174 703.8 Q
(alue column name \(for NIS+\) or number \(for te)-.25 E(xt lookups\).)-.15 E
EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-50 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF<ad7a>102 96 Q/F2
10/Times-Italic@0 SF(delim)A F1 .219(The column delimiter \(for te)174 96 R
.219(xt lookups\).)-.15 F .218(It can be a single character or one of the)5.219
F 1.825(special strings \231)174 108 R 1.825(\\n\232 or \231)1.666 F 1.826
(\\t\232 to indicate ne)1.666 F 1.826(wline or tab respecti)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25
G(ly).15 E 6.826(.I)-.65 G 4.326(fo)465.784 108 S(mitted)478.44 108 Q(entirely)
174 120 Q 2.5(,t)-.65 G(he column separator is an)211.68 120 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G
(equence of whitespace.)325.12 120 Q<ad73>102 136.2 Q F2(spacesub)A F1 -.15(Fo)
174 136.2 S 3.101(rt).15 G .601(he dequote map only)193.621 136.2 R 3.101(,t)
-.65 G .601(he character to use to replace space characters after a)286.755
136.2 R(successful dequote.)174 148.2 Q(The)127 164.4 Q F2(dbm)3.356 E F1 .856
(map appends the strings \231.pag\232 and \231.dir\232 to the gi)3.356 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G 3.356<6e8c>.15 G .856(lename; the tw)399.052 164.4 R(o)-.1 E F2(db)
3.356 E F1(-based)A(maps append \231.db\232.)102 176.4 Q -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15
G(xample, the map speci\214cation)206.4 176.4 Q -.15(Ku)142 192.6 S
(ucp dbm \255o \255N /usr/lib/uucpmap).15 E .21
(speci\214es an optional map named \231uucp\232 of class \231dbm\232; it al)102
208.8 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .21(ys has null bytes at the end of e).1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ry).15 E(string, and the data is located in /usr/lib/uucpmap.{dir)102 220.8 Q
(,pag}.)-.4 E 1.094(The program)127 237 R F2(mak)3.594 E(emap)-.1 E F1 1.094
(\(8\) can be used to b)B 1.094(uild an)-.2 F 3.594(yo)-.15 G 3.594(ft)347.736
237 S 1.095(he three database-oriented maps.)357.44 237 R(It)6.095 E(tak)102
249 Q(es the follo)-.1 E(wing \215ags:)-.25 E 60.53(\255f Do)102 265.2 R
(not fold upper to lo)2.5 E(wer case in the map.)-.25 E 56.64(\255N Include)102
281.4 R(null bytes in k)2.5 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(s.).15 E 58.86(\255o Append)102
297.6 R(to an e)2.5 E(xisting \(old\) \214le.)-.15 E 60.53(\255r Allo)102 313.8
R 3.669(wr)-.25 G 1.169(eplacement of e)205.749 313.8 R 1.168(xisting k)-.15 F
-.15(ey)-.1 G 1.168(s; normally).15 F 3.668(,r)-.65 G 1.168(e-inserting an e)
371.63 313.8 R 1.168(xisting k)-.15 F 1.468 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 3.668(sa).15 G(n)
499 313.8 Q(error)174 325.8 Q(.)-.55 E 58.86(\255v Print)102 342 R
(what is happening.)2.5 E(The)102 358.2 Q F2(sendmail)3.605 E F1 1.105
(daemon does not ha)3.605 F 1.405 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 3.605(ob).15 G 3.605(er)
272.975 358.2 S 1.106(estarted to read the ne)284.35 358.2 R 3.606(wm)-.25 G
1.106(aps as long as you change)394.88 358.2 R
(them in place; \214le locking is used so that the maps w)102 372.2 Q(on')-.1 E
2.5(tb)-.18 G 2.5(er)336.71 372.2 S(ead while the)346.98 372.2 Q 2.5(ya)-.15 G
(re being updated.)412.09 372.2 Q/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(20)481.24 368.2 Q F1
(Ne)127 388.4 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G(lasses can be added in the routine)152.57 388.4 Q
F0(setupmaps)2.5 E F1(in \214le)2.5 E F0(conf)2.5 E(.c)-.15 E F1(.)A F0 2.5
(5.10. The)87 412.4 R(User Database)2.5 E F1 .108(If you ha)127 428.6 R .408
-.15(ve a ve)-.2 H .109(rsion of).15 F F2(sendmail)2.609 E F1 .109
(with the user database package compiled in, the handling of)2.609 F
(sender and recipient addresses is modi\214ed.)102 440.6 Q
(The location of this database is controlled with the)127 456.8 Q F0
(UserDatabaseSpec)2.5 E F1(option.)2.5 E F0 2.5(5.10.1. Structur)102 480.8 R
2.5(eo)-.18 G 2.5(ft)182.92 480.8 S(he user database)192.08 480.8 Q F1
(The database is a sorted \(BT)142 497 Q(ree-based\) structure.)-.35 E
(User records are stored with the k)5 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(:).15 E F2(user)157 513.2
Q(-name)-.2 E F0(:)A F2(\214eld-name)A F1 .128
(The sorted database format ensures that user records are clustered together)
117 529.4 R 5.128(.M)-.55 G .128(eta-information is)432.492 529.4 R(al)117
541.4 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys stored with a leading colon.).1 E
(Field names de\214ne both the syntax and semantics of the v)142 557.6 Q 2.5
(alue. De\214ned)-.25 F(\214elds include:)2.5 E 33.39(maildrop The)117 573.8 R
(deli)4.872 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.372(ry address for this user).15 F 7.372(.T)-.55
G 2.373(here may be multiple v)349.472 573.8 R 2.373(alues of this)-.25 F 2.675
(record. In)189 585.8 R(particular)2.675 E 2.675(,m)-.4 G .175
(ailing lists will ha)284.095 585.8 R .475 -.15(ve o)-.2 H(ne).15 E F2(maildr)
2.675 E(op)-.45 E F1 .175(record for each user)2.675 F(on the list.)189 597.8 Q
30.06(mailname The)117 614 R 1.026(outgoing mailname for this user)3.526 F
6.026(.F)-.55 G 1.027(or each outgoing name, there should)353.336 614 R .08
(be an appropriate)189 626 R F2(maildr)2.58 E(op)-.45 E F1 .08
(record for that name to allo)2.58 F 2.58(wr)-.25 G .08(eturn mail.)422.38 626
R .08(See also)5.08 F F2(:default:mailname)189 638 Q F1(.)A 25.62
(mailsender Changes)117 654.2 R(an)3.447 E 3.447(ym)-.15 G .947
(ail sent to this address to ha)252.404 654.2 R 1.248 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .948
(he indicated en).15 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .948(lope sender).15 F(.)-.55 E 2.736
(This is intended for mailing lists, and will normally be the name of an)189
666.2 R .32 LW 76 675.8 72 675.8 DL 80 675.8 76 675.8 DL 84 675.8 80 675.8 DL
88 675.8 84 675.8 DL 92 675.8 88 675.8 DL 96 675.8 92 675.8 DL 100 675.8 96
675.8 DL 104 675.8 100 675.8 DL 108 675.8 104 675.8 DL 112 675.8 108 675.8 DL
116 675.8 112 675.8 DL 120 675.8 116 675.8 DL 124 675.8 120 675.8 DL 128 675.8
124 675.8 DL 132 675.8 128 675.8 DL 136 675.8 132 675.8 DL 140 675.8 136 675.8
DL 144 675.8 140 675.8 DL 148 675.8 144 675.8 DL 152 675.8 148 675.8 DL 156
675.8 152 675.8 DL 160 675.8 156 675.8 DL 164 675.8 160 675.8 DL 168 675.8 164
675.8 DL 172 675.8 168 675.8 DL 176 675.8 172 675.8 DL 180 675.8 176 675.8 DL
184 675.8 180 675.8 DL 188 675.8 184 675.8 DL 192 675.8 188 675.8 DL 196 675.8
192 675.8 DL 200 675.8 196 675.8 DL 204 675.8 200 675.8 DL 208 675.8 204 675.8
DL 212 675.8 208 675.8 DL 216 675.8 212 675.8 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(20)93.6
686.2 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .466(That is, don')3.2 J 2.466(tc)-.144 G .466
(reate ne)148.294 689.4 R 2.466(wm)-.2 G .466(aps and then use)188.122 689.4 R
/F6 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(mv)2.466 E F5 .466(\(1\) to mo)B .706 -.12(ve t)-.12 H
.466(hem into place.).12 F .465(Since the maps are already open the ne)4.466 F
2.465(wm)-.2 G(aps)493.336 689.4 Q(will ne)72 699 Q -.12(ve)-.2 G 2(rb).12 G 2
(es)109.896 699 S(een.)118.56 699 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-51)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .655
(appropriate -request address.)189 96 R .656(It is v)5.656 F .656
(ery similar to the o)-.15 F(wner)-.25 E(-)-.2 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(list)A
F1 .656(syntax in the)3.156 F(alias \214le.)189 108 Q 33.95(fullname The)117
124.2 R(full name of the user)2.5 E(.)-.55 E(of)117 140.4 Q 13.66
(\214ce-address The)-.25 F(of)2.5 E(\214ce address for this user)-.25 E(.)-.55
E(of)117 156.6 Q 19.21(\214ce-phone The)-.25 F(of)2.5 E
(\214ce phone number for this user)-.25 E(.)-.55 E(of)117 172.8 Q(\214ce-f)-.25
E 30.98(ax The)-.1 F(of)2.5 E(\214ce F)-.25 E(AX number for this user)-.74 E(.)
-.55 E 13.96(home-address The)117 189 R(home address for this user)2.5 E(.)-.55
E 19.51(home-phone The)117 205.2 R(home phone number for this user)2.5 E(.)-.55
E(home-f)117 221.4 Q 31.28(ax The)-.1 F(home F)2.5 E(AX number for this user)
-.74 E(.)-.55 E 41.73(project A)117 237.6 R .856
(\(short\) description of the project this person is af)3.356 F .855
(\214liated with.)-.25 F .855(In the Uni-)5.855 F -.15(ve)189 249.6 S
(rsity this is often just the name of their graduate advisor).15 E(.)-.55 E
52.28(plan A)117 265.8 R
(pointer to a \214le from which plan information can be g)2.5 E(athered.)-.05 E
.924(As of this writing, only a fe)142 282 R 3.424(wo)-.25 G 3.424(ft)273.208
282 S .925(hese \214elds are actually being used by)282.742 282 R F2(sendmail)
3.425 E F1(:)A F2(mail-)3.425 E(dr)117 294 Q(op)-.45 E F1(and)2.5 E F2
(mailname)2.5 E F1 5(.A)C F2(\214ng)211.54 294 Q(er)-.1 E F1
(program that uses the other \214elds is planned.)2.5 E F0 2.5(5.10.2. User)102
318 R(database semantics)2.5 E F1 .996(When the re)142 334.2 R .995
(writing rules submit an address to the local mailer)-.25 F 3.495(,t)-.4 G .995
(he user name is passed)408.93 334.2 R .78(through the alias \214le.)117 346.2
R .781
(If no alias is found \(or if the alias points back to the same address\), the)
5.78 F 1.778(name \(with \231:maildrop\232 appended\) is then used as a k)117
358.2 R 2.077 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 4.277(nt).15 G 1.777(he user database.)375.985
358.2 R 1.777(If no match)6.777 F
(occurs \(or if the maildrop points at the same address\), forw)117 370.2 Q
(arding is tried.)-.1 E .55(If the \214rst tok)142 386.4 R .551(en of the user\
 name returned by ruleset 0 is an \231@\232 sign, the user database)-.1 F .626
(lookup is skipped.)117 398.4 R .625
(The intent is that the user database will act as a set of def)5.626 F .625
(aults for a cluster)-.1 F 1.533(\(in our case, the Computer Science Di)117
410.4 R 1.533(vision\); mail sent to a speci\214c machine should ignore)-.25 F
(these def)117 422.4 Q(aults.)-.1 E .351
(When mail is sent, the name of the sending user is look)142 438.6 R .351
(ed up in the database.)-.1 F .351(If that user)5.351 F .04
(has a \231mailname\232 record, the v)117 450.6 R .041
(alue of that record is used as their outgoing name.)-.25 F -.15(Fo)5.041 G
2.541(re).15 G .041(xample, I)466.189 450.6 R(might ha)117 462.6 Q .3 -.15
(ve a r)-.2 H(ecord:).15 E 48.29(eric:mailname Eric.Allman@CS.Berk)157 478.8 R
(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(This w)117 495 Q
(ould cause my outgoing mail to be sent as Eric.Allman.)-.1 E .52
(If a \231maildrop\232 is found for the user)142 511.2 R 3.019(,b)-.4 G .519
(ut no corresponding \231mailname\232 record e)299.686 511.2 R .519(xists, the)
-.15 F 1.127(record \231:def)117 523.2 R 1.127(ault:mailname\232 is consulted.)
-.1 F 1.127(If present, this is the name of a host to o)6.127 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
1.128(rride the).15 F .625(local host.)117 535.2 R -.15(Fo)5.625 G 3.125(re).15
G .625(xample, in our case we w)185.515 535.2 R .625
(ould set it to \231CS.Berk)-.1 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G 3.125(EDU\232. The)
.65 F(ef)3.125 E .625(fect is that)-.25 F(an)117 547.2 Q .881(yone kno)-.15 F
.882(wn in the database gets their outgoing mail stamped as \231user@CS.Berk)
-.25 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\232,).65 E -.2(bu)117 559.2 S 2.5(tp).2 G
(eople not listed in the database use the local hostname.)137.08 559.2 Q F0 2.5
(5.10.3. Cr)102 585.2 R(eating the database)-.18 E/F3 7/Times-Bold@0 SF(21)
228.2 581.2 Q F1 .375(The user database is b)142 601.4 R .375(uilt from a te)
-.2 F .375(xt \214le using the)-.15 F F2(mak)2.875 E(emap)-.1 E F1 .375
(utility \(in the distrib)2.875 F .375(ution in)-.2 F 1.039(the mak)117 613.4 R
1.039(emap subdirectory\).)-.1 F 1.039(The te)6.039 F 1.038
(xt \214le is a series of lines corresponding to userdb records;)-.15 F 1.588
(each line has a k)117 625.4 R 1.889 -.15(ey a)-.1 H 1.589(nd a v).15 F 1.589
(alue separated by white space.)-.25 F 1.589(The k)6.589 F 1.889 -.15(ey i)-.1
H 4.089(sa).15 G -.1(lwa)421.943 625.4 S 1.589(ys in the format).1 F
(described abo)117 637.4 Q .3 -.15(ve \212 f)-.15 H(or e).15 E(xample:)-.15 E
(eric:maildrop)157 653.6 Q .448
(This \214le is normally installed in a system directory; for e)117 669.8 R
.447(xample, it might be called)-.15 F F2(/etc/user)2.947 E(db)-.37 E F1(.)A
.32 LW 76 679.4 72 679.4 DL 80 679.4 76 679.4 DL 84 679.4 80 679.4 DL 88 679.4
84 679.4 DL 92 679.4 88 679.4 DL 96 679.4 92 679.4 DL 100 679.4 96 679.4 DL 104
679.4 100 679.4 DL 108 679.4 104 679.4 DL 112 679.4 108 679.4 DL 116 679.4 112
679.4 DL 120 679.4 116 679.4 DL 124 679.4 120 679.4 DL 128 679.4 124 679.4 DL
132 679.4 128 679.4 DL 136 679.4 132 679.4 DL 140 679.4 136 679.4 DL 144 679.4
140 679.4 DL 148 679.4 144 679.4 DL 152 679.4 148 679.4 DL 156 679.4 152 679.4
DL 160 679.4 156 679.4 DL 164 679.4 160 679.4 DL 168 679.4 164 679.4 DL 172
679.4 168 679.4 DL 176 679.4 172 679.4 DL 180 679.4 176 679.4 DL 184 679.4 180
679.4 DL 188 679.4 184 679.4 DL 192 679.4 188 679.4 DL 196 679.4 192 679.4 DL
200 679.4 196 679.4 DL 204 679.4 200 679.4 DL 208 679.4 204 679.4 DL 212 679.4
208 679.4 DL 216 679.4 212 679.4 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(21)93.6 689.8 Q/F5 8
/Times-Roman@0 SF .289(These instructions are kno)3.2 J .289
(wn to be incomplete.)-.2 F 2.289(Af)4.289 G .289(uture v)266.464 693 R .289
(ersion of the user database is planned including things such as \214n-)-.12 F
(ger service \212 and good documentation.)72 702.6 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-52 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.6 -.8(To m)117
96 T(ak).8 E 2.5(et)-.1 G(he database v)156.65 96 Q
(ersion of the map, run the program:)-.15 E(mak)157 112.2 Q
(emap btree /etc/userdb)-.1 E(.db < /etc/userdb)-.4 E .077
(Then create a con\214g \214le that uses this.)117 128.4 R -.15(Fo)5.077 G
2.577(re).15 G .077(xample, using the V8 M4 con\214guration, include the)
296.531 128.4 R(follo)117 140.4 Q(wing line in your .mc \214le:)-.25 E
(de\214ne\(\222confUSERDB_SPEC\264, /etc/userdb)157 156.6 Q(.db\))-.4 E F0 2.5
(6. O)72 184.8 R(THER CONFIGURA)-.4 E(TION)-.95 E F1 .907
(There are some con\214guration changes that can be made by recompiling)112 201
R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.407 E F1 5.907(.T)C .906(his section)
460.594 201 R 1.139
(describes what changes can be made and what has to be modi\214ed to mak)87 213
R 3.639(et)-.1 G 3.639(hem. In)403.894 213 R 1.139(most cases this)3.639 F
(should be unnecessary unless you are porting)87 225 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1
(to a ne)2.5 E 2.5(we)-.25 G -.4(nv)349.76 225 S(ironment.).4 E F0 2.5(6.1. P)
87 249 R(arameters in sr)-.1 E(c/Mak)-.18 E(e\214le)-.1 E F1 .92
(These parameters are intended to describe the compilation en)127 265.2 R .92
(vironment, not site polic)-.4 F 2.22 -.65(y, a)-.15 H(nd).65 E
(should normally be de\214ned in src/Mak)102 277.2 Q(e\214le.)-.1 E 39.5
(NDBM If)102 293.4 R .664(set, the ne)3.164 F 3.164(wv)-.25 G .664
(ersion of the DBM library that allo)240.406 293.4 R .665
(ws multiple databases will be)-.25 F 2.543(used. If)174 305.4 R .042
(neither NDBM nor NEWDB are set, a much less ef)2.543 F .042
(\214cient method of alias)-.25 F(lookup is used.)174 317.4 Q 32.84(NEWDB If)
102 333.6 R .141(set, use the ne)2.641 F 2.642(wd)-.25 G .142
(atabase package from Berk)254.436 333.6 R(ele)-.1 E 2.642(y\()-.15 G .142
(from 4.4BSD\).)385.814 333.6 R .142(This package)5.142 F .267
(is substantially f)174 345.6 R .267(aster than DBM or NDBM.)-.1 F .267
(If NEWDB and NDBM are both set,)5.267 F F2(sendmail)174 357.6 Q F1
(will read DBM \214les, b)2.5 E(ut will create and use NEWDB \214les.)-.2 E
53.39(NIS Include)102 373.8 R .119(support for NIS.)2.619 F .119
(If set together with)5.119 F F2(both)2.619 E F1 .119(NEWDB and NDBM,)2.619 F
F2(sendmail)2.62 E F1 .947(will create both DBM and NEWDB \214les if and only \
if an alias \214le includes the)174 385.8 R 3.409
(substring \231/yp/\232 in the name.)174 397.8 R 3.409
(This is intended for compatibility with Sun)8.409 F(Microsystems')174 409.8 Q
F2(mkalias)2.5 E F1(program used on YP masters.)2.5 E 28.94(NISPLUS Compile)102
426 R(in support for NIS+.)2.5 E 26.73(NETINFO Compile)102 442.2 R
(in support for NetInfo \(NeXT stations\).)2.5 E 32.84(HESIOD Compile)102 458.4
R(in support for Hesiod.)2.5 E(_P)102 474.6 Q -1.11(AT)-.92 G(H_SENDMAILCF)1.11
E(The pathname of the sendmail.cf \214le.)174 486.6 Q(_P)102 502.8 Q -1.11(AT)
-.92 G(H_SENDMAILPID)1.11 E(The pathname of the sendmail.pid \214le.)174 514.8
Q 1.44(There are also se)127 531 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.439
(ral compilation \215ags to indicate the en).15 F 1.439
(vironment such as \231_AIX3\232 and)-.4 F 2.5(\231_SCO_unix_\232. See)102 543
R(the READ_ME \214le for the latest scoop on these \215ags.)2.5 E F0 2.5
(6.2. P)87 567 R(arameters in sr)-.1 E(c/conf)-.18 E(.h)-.15 E F1 -.15(Pa)127
583.2 S .895(rameters and compilation options are de\214ned in conf.h.).15 F
.896(Most of these need not normally)5.895 F .193(be tweak)102 595.2 R .192
(ed; common parameters are all in sendmail.cf.)-.1 F(Ho)5.192 E(we)-.25 E -.15
(ve)-.25 G .992 -.4(r, t).15 H .192(he sizes of certain primiti).4 F .492 -.15
(ve ve)-.25 H(c-).15 E(tors, etc., are included in this \214le.)102 607.2 Q
(The numbers follo)5 E(wing the parameters are their def)-.25 E(ault v)-.1 E
(alue.)-.25 E 1.247(This document is not the best source of information for co\
mpilation \215ags in conf.h \212 see)127 623.4 R
(src/READ_ME or src/conf.h itself.)102 635.4 Q 1.91(MAXLINE [2048])102 651.6 R
1.909(The maximum line length of an)190.31 651.6 R 4.409(yi)-.15 G 1.909
(nput line.)338.276 651.6 R 1.909(If message lines e)6.909 F 1.909(xceed this)
-.15 F .575(length the)188.4 663.6 R 3.075(yw)-.15 G .575
(ill still be processed correctly; ho)243.84 663.6 R(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
1.375 -.4(r, h).15 H .575(eader lines, con\214gura-).4 F
(tion \214le lines, alias lines, etc., must \214t within this limit.)188.4
675.6 Q(MAXN)102 691.8 Q(AME [256])-.35 E(The maximum length of an)9.82 E 2.5
(yn)-.15 G(ame, such as a host or a user name.)309.63 691.8 Q .231(MAXPV [40])
102 708 R .231(The maximum number of parameters to an)188.631 708 R 2.731(ym)
-.15 G(ailer)376.458 708 Q 5.231(.T)-.55 G .23(his limits the number of)407.519
708 R .375(recipients that may be passed in one transaction.)188.4 720 R .376
(It can be set to an)5.376 F 2.876(ya)-.15 G(rbitrary)474.01 720 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-53)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .876(number abo)188.4 96 R 1.176
-.15(ve a)-.15 H .876(bout 10, since).15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)
3.376 E F1 .876(will break up a deli)3.376 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .875
(ry into smaller).15 F .886(batches as needed.)188.4 108 R 3.386(Ah)5.886 G
.887(igher number may reduce load on your system, ho)285.804 108 R(w-)-.25 E
-2.15 -.25(ev e)188.4 120 T -.55(r.).25 G(MAXA)102 136.2 Q -.18(TO)-1.11 G
2.559(M[).18 G 8.26(100] The)159.369 136.2 R .059
(maximum number of atoms \(tok)2.559 F .058(ens\) in a single address.)-.1 F
-.15(Fo)5.058 G 2.558(re).15 G .058(xample, the)457.282 136.2 R
(address \231eric@CS.Berk)188.4 148.2 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\232 is se)
.65 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(na).15 G(toms.)367.93 148.2 Q .112(MAXMAILERS [25])102
164.4 R .112(The maximum number of mailers that may be de\214ned in the con\
\214guration \214le.).02 F(MAXR)102 180.6 Q .401(WSETS [200])-.55 F .401
(The maximum number of re).01 F .401(writing sets that may be de\214ned.)-.25 F
.4(The \214rst half of)5.4 F .034(these are reserv)188.4 192.6 R .034
(ed for numeric speci\214cation \(e.g., `)-.15 F(`S92')-.74 E .035
('\), while the upper half)-.74 F .492(are reserv)188.4 204.6 R .492
(ed for auto-numbering \(e.g., `)-.15 F(`Sfoo')-.74 E 2.992('\). Thus,)-.74 F
.492(with a v)2.992 F .491(alue of 200 an)-.25 F(attempt to use `)188.4 216.6 Q
(`S99')-.74 E 2.5('w)-.74 G(ill succeed, b)284.13 216.6 Q(ut `)-.2 E(`S100')
-.74 E 2.5('w)-.74 G(ill f)388.82 216.6 Q(ail.)-.1 E(MAXPRIORITIES [25])102
232.8 Q 2.481(The maximum number of v)188.4 244.8 R 2.482
(alues for the \231Precedence:\232 \214eld that may be)-.25 F
(de\214ned \(using the)188.4 256.8 Q F0(P)2.5 E F1(line in sendmail.cf\).)2.5 E
(MAXUSERENVIR)102 273 Q(ON [100])-.4 E .399
(The maximum number of items in the user en)188.4 285 R .399
(vironment that will be passed to)-.4 F(subordinate mailers.)188.4 297 Q
(MAXMXHOSTS [20])102 313.2 Q
(The maximum number of MX records we will accept for an)188.4 325.2 Q 2.5(ys)
-.15 G(ingle host.)439.03 325.2 Q .712(MAXALIASDB [12])102 341.4 R .712
(The maximum number of alias databases that can be open at an).58 F 3.213(yt)
-.15 G 3.213(ime. Note)461.347 341.4 R
(that there may also be an open \214le limit.)188.4 353.4 Q(MAXMAPST)102 369.6
Q -.4(AC)-.93 G 2.5(K[).4 G(12])184.28 369.6 Q 1.65
(The maximum number of maps that may be "stack)188.4 381.6 R 1.65(ed" in a)-.1
F F0(sequence)4.15 E F1(class)4.15 E(map.)188.4 393.6 Q(MAXMIMEARGS [20])102
409.8 Q .718(The maximum number of ar)188.4 421.8 R .718
(guments in a MIME Content-T)-.18 F .718(ype: header; addi-)-.8 F(tional ar)
188.4 433.8 Q(guments will be ignored.)-.18 E(MAXMIMENESTING [20])102 450 Q .4
(The maximum depth to which MIME messages may be nested \(that is, nested)188.4
462 R 1.344
(Message or Multipart documents; this does not limit the number of compo-)188.4
474 R(nents in a single Multipart document\).)188.4 486 Q 2.851(An)102 502.2 S
.351(umber of other compilation options e)117.071 502.2 R 2.851(xist. These)
-.15 F .35(specify whether or not speci\214c code should be)2.851 F
(compiled in.)102 514.2 Q(Ones mark)5 E(ed with \207 are 0/1 v)-.1 E(alued.)
-.25 E 36.69(NETINET\207 If)102 530.4 R .829
(set, support for Internet protocol netw)3.329 F .829(orking is compiled in.)
-.1 F(Pre)5.829 E .83(vious v)-.25 F(er)-.15 E(-)-.2 E .178(sions of)188.4
542.4 R F2(sendmail)2.678 E F1 .178(referred to this as)2.678 F/F3 9
/Times-Roman@0 SF -.36(DA)2.678 G(EMON).36 E F1 2.677(;t)C .177
(his old usage is no)381.715 542.4 R 2.677(wi)-.25 G(ncorrect.)468.74 542.4 Q
(Def)188.4 554.4 Q 1.87(aults on; turn it of)-.1 F 4.37(fi)-.25 G 4.37(nt)
292.67 554.4 S 1.87(he Mak)304.82 554.4 R 1.87(e\214le if your system doesn')
-.1 F 4.37(ts)-.18 G 1.87(upport the)461.3 554.4 R(Internet protocols.)188.4
566.4 Q 43.35(NETISO\207 If)102 582.6 R .143
(set, support for ISO protocol netw)2.643 F .142
(orking is compiled in \(it may be appropri-)-.1 F
(ate to #de\214ne this in the Mak)188.4 594.6 Q(e\214le instead of conf.h\).)
-.1 E 63.35(LOG If)102 610.8 R .5(set, the)3 F F2(syslo)3 E(g)-.1 E F1 .5
(routine in use at some sites is used.)3 F .5(This mak)5.5 F .5(es an informa-)
-.1 F .504(tional log record for each message processed, and mak)188.4 622.8 R
.504(es a higher priority log)-.1 F .052(record for internal system errors.)
188.4 634.8 R F0(STR)5.052 E(ONGL)-.3 E 2.552(YR)-.92 G(ECOMMENDED)389.682
634.8 Q F1 2.553<8a69>2.552 G 2.553(fy)483.117 634.8 S(ou)494 634.8 Q -.1(wa)
188.4 646.8 S(nt no logging, turn it of).1 E 2.5(fi)-.25 G 2.5(nt)301.66 646.8
S(he con\214guration \214le.)311.94 646.8 Q(MA)102 663 Q 11.12
(TCHGECOS\207 Compile)-1.11 F 3.555(in the code to do `)6.055 F 3.555
(`fuzzy matching')-.74 F 6.055('o)-.74 G 6.055(nt)404.22 663 S 3.555
(he GECOS \214eld in)418.055 663 R 2.5(/etc/passwd. This)188.4 675 R
(also requires that the)2.5 E F0(MatchGECOS)2.5 E F1(option be turned on.)2.5 E
-.35(NA)102 691.2 S 13.15(MED_BIND\207 Compile).35 F .412
(in code to use the Berk)2.912 F(ele)-.1 E 2.913(yI)-.15 G .413
(nternet Name Domain \(BIND\) serv)342.405 691.2 R .413(er to)-.15 F(resolv)
188.4 703.2 Q 2.5(eT)-.15 G(CP/IP host names.)225.74 703.2 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-54 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(NO)102 96 Q
38.76(TUNIX If)-.4 F .248
(you are using a non-UNIX mail format, you can set this \215ag to turn of)2.748
F 2.747(fs)-.25 G(pe-)491.23 96 Q
(cial processing of UNIX-style \231From \232 lines.)188.4 108 Q -.1(QU)102
124.2 S 50.12(EUE This).1 F 1.559
(\215ag should be set to compile in the queueing code.)4.059 F 1.56
(If this is not set,)6.56 F
(mailers must accept the mail immediately or it will be returned to the sender)
188.4 136.2 Q(.)-.55 E 57.78(SMTP If)102 152.4 R .756
(set, the code to handle user and serv)3.256 F .756
(er SMTP will be compiled in.)-.15 F .756(This is)5.756 F 2.507
(only necessary if your machine has some mailer that speaks SMTP \(this)188.4
164.4 R(means most machines e)188.4 176.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rywhere\).).15 E
39.45(USERDB\207 Include)102 192.6 R(the)3.449 E F0(experimental)3.449 E F1
(Berk)3.449 E(ele)-.1 E 3.449(yu)-.15 G .949(ser information database package.)
341.356 192.6 R(This)5.948 E .27(adds a ne)188.4 204.6 R 2.77(wl)-.25 G -2.15
-.25(ev e)238.67 204.6 T 2.77(lo).25 G 2.77(fl)262.7 204.6 S .27(ocal name e)
271.58 204.6 R .27(xpansion between aliasing and forw)-.15 F 2.77(arding. It)
-.1 F(also uses the NEWDB package.)188.4 216.6 Q
(This may change in future releases.)5 E(The follo)102 232.8 Q
(wing options are normally turned on in per)-.25 E
(-operating-system clauses in conf.h.)-.2 E(IDENTPR)102 249 Q -1.88 -.4(OT O)
-.4 H 19.61<8743>.4 G .376
(ompile in the IDENT protocol as de\214ned in RFC 1413.)195.07 249 R .375
(This def)5.375 F .375(aults on for)-.1 F 1.053(all systems e)188.4 261 R 1.053
(xcept Ultrix, which apparently has the interesting \231feature\232 that)-.15 F
.83(when it recei)188.4 273 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.33(sa\231).15 G .83
(host unreachable\232 message it closes all open connections)270.18 273 R 1.921
(to that host.)188.4 285 R 1.921(Since some \214re)6.921 F -.1(wa)-.25 G 1.922
(ll g).1 F(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G 1.922(ys send this error code when you).1 F
2.055
(access an unauthorized port \(such as 113, used by IDENT\), Ultrix cannot)
188.4 297 R(recei)188.4 309 Q .3 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(mail from such hosts.).15 E
39.45(SYSTEM5 Set)102 325.2 R
(all of the compilation parameters appropriate for System V)2.5 E(.)-1.29 E
26.12(HASFLOCK\207 Use)102 341.4 R(Berk)2.844 E(ele)-.1 E(y-style)-.15 E F0
(\215ock)2.844 E F1 .344(instead of System V)2.844 F F0(lockf)2.845 E F1 .345
(to do \214le locking.)2.845 F .345(Due to)5.345 F .184
(the highly unusual semantics of locks across forks in)188.4 353.4 R F0(lockf)
2.684 E F1 2.684(,t)C .184(his should al)432.722 353.4 R -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys).1 E
(be used if at all possible.)188.4 365.4 Q(HASINITGR)102 381.6 Q 4.86(OUPS Set)
-.4 F 1.284(this if your system has the)3.783 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(initgr)
3.784 E(oups\(\))-.45 E F1 1.284(call \(if you ha)3.784 F 1.584 -.15(ve m)-.2 H
1.284(ultiple group).15 F 4.417(support\). This)188.4 393.6 R 1.917(is the def)
4.417 F 1.917(ault if SYSTEM5 is)-.1 F F2(not)4.416 E F1 1.916
(de\214ned or if you are on)4.416 F(HPUX.)188.4 405.6 Q(HASUN)102 421.8 Q 27.59
(AME Set)-.35 F 1.148(this if you ha)3.648 F 1.448 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E F2
(uname)3.648 E F1 1.149(\(2\) system call \(or corresponding library rou-)B 2.5
(tine\). Set)188.4 433.8 R(by def)2.5 E(ault if SYSTEM5 is set.)-.1 E(HASGETDT)
102 450 Q(ABLESIZE)-.93 E(Set this if you ha)188.4 462 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he)
.15 E F2 -.1(ge)2.5 G(tdtablesize).1 E F1(\(2\) system call.)A(HASW)102 478.2 Q
22.89(AITPID Set)-1.2 F(this if you ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E F2
(haswaitpid)2.5 E F1(\(2\) system call.)A 37.22(SFS_TYPE The)102 494.4 R .517
(mechanism that can be used to get \214le system capacity information.)3.017 F
(The)5.516 E -.25(va)188.4 506.4 S .214(lues can be one of SFS_UST).25 F 2.435
-1.11(AT \()-.93 H .215(use the ustat\(2\) syscall\), SFS_4ARGS \(use)1.11 F
.415(the four ar)188.4 518.4 R .415
(gument statfs\(2\) syscall\), SFS_VFS \(use the tw)-.18 F 2.915(oa)-.1 G -.18
(rg)435.165 518.4 S .415(ument statfs\(2\)).18 F .716
(syscall including <sys/vfs.h>\), SFS_MOUNT \(use the tw)188.4 530.4 R 3.217
(oa)-.1 G -.18(rg)434.863 530.4 S .717(ument statfs\(2\)).18 F 4.32
(syscall including <sys/mount.h>\), SFS_ST)188.4 542.4 R -1.11(AT)-.93 G 4.32
(FS \(use the tw)1.11 F 6.82(oa)-.1 G -.18(rg)470.85 542.4 S(ument).18 E 1.108
(statfs\(2\) syscall including <sys/statfs.h>\), SFS_ST)188.4 554.4 R -1.11(AT)
-.93 G 1.109(VFS \(use the tw)1.11 F 3.609(oa)-.1 G -.18(rg)487.52 554.4 S(u-)
.18 E 1.511
(ment statfs\(2\) syscall including <sys/statvfs.h>\), or SFS_NONE \(no w)188.4
566.4 R 1.511(ay to)-.1 F(get this information\).)188.4 578.4 Q 40.57
(LA_TYPE The)102 594.6 R(load a)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(rage type.).15 E
(Details are described belo)5 E -.65(w.)-.25 G .342(The are se)102 610.8 R -.15
(ve)-.25 G .342(ral b).15 F .342(uilt-in w)-.2 F .342
(ays of computing the load a)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G(rage.).15 E F2(Sendmail)5.342
E F1 .343(tries to auto-con\214gure them)2.842 F .267
(based on imperfect guesses; you can select one using the)102 622.8 R F2(cc)
2.766 E F1(option)2.766 E F0(\255DLA_TYPE=)2.766 E F2(type)A F1 2.766(,w)C
(here)467.364 622.8 Q F2(type)2.766 E F1(is:)102 634.8 Q 48.91(LA_INT The)102
651 R -.1(ke)3.452 G .952(rnel stores the load a).1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .952
(rage in the k).15 F .952(ernel as an array of long inte)-.1 F(gers.)-.15 E
(The actual v)188.4 663 Q(alues are scaled by a f)-.25 E(actor FSCALE \(def)-.1
E(ault 256\).)-.1 E(LA_SHOR)102 679.2 Q 35.89(TT)-.6 G .794(he k)194.51 679.2 R
.794(ernel stores the load a)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .794(rage in the k).15 F .793
(ernel as an array of short inte)-.1 F(gers.)-.15 E(The actual v)188.4 691.2 Q
(alues are scaled by a f)-.25 E(actor FSCALE \(def)-.1 E(ault 256\).)-.1 E
(LA_FLO)102 707.4 Q 37.03 -1.11(AT T)-.35 H .088(he k)1.11 F .088
(ernel stores the load a)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .089(rage in the k).15 F .089
(ernel as an array of double precision)-.1 F(\215oats.)188.4 719.4 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-55)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(LA_MA)102 96 Q 35.97(CH Use)-.4 F
(MA)2.5 E(CH-style load a)-.4 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(rages.).15 E 39.45(LA_SUBR Call)
102 112.2 R(the)2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.1(ge)2.5 G(tloadavg).1 E F1
(routine to get the load a)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(rage as an array of doubles.).15
E(LA_ZER)102 128.4 Q 42.36(OA)-.4 G -.1(lwa)195.62 128.4 S
(ys return zero as the load a).1 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(rage. This).15 F(is the f)
2.5 E(allback case.)-.1 E .494(If type)102 144.6 R/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF
(LA_INT)2.994 E F1(,)A F3(LA_SHOR)2.994 E(T)-.54 E F1 2.994(,o)C(r)224.806
144.6 Q F3(LA_FLO)2.993 E -.999(AT)-.315 G F1 .493
(is speci\214ed, you may also need to specify)3.992 F F3(_P)2.993 E -.999(AT)
-.828 G(H_UNIX).999 E F1 .948(\(the path to your system binary\) and)102 156.6
R F3(LA_A)3.448 E(VENR)-1.215 E(UN)-.36 E F1 .949(\(the name of the v)3.448 F
.949(ariable containing the load)-.25 F -2.25 -.2(av e)102 168.6 T
(rage in the k).2 E(ernel; usually \231_a)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.2 G
(nrun\232 or \231a).15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(nrun\232\).).15 E F0 2.5
(6.3. Con\214guration)87 192.6 R(in sr)2.5 E(c/conf)-.18 E(.c)-.15 E F1
(The follo)127 208.8 Q(wing changes can be made in conf.c.)-.25 E F0 2.5
(6.3.1. Built-in)102 232.8 R(Header Semantics)2.5 E F1 1.248
(Not all header semantics are de\214ned in the con\214guration \214le.)142 249
R 1.247(Header lines that should)6.247 F .305(only be included by certain mail\
ers \(as well as other more obscure semantics\) must be speci\214ed)117 261 R
.047(in the)117 273 R F2(HdrInfo)2.547 E F1 .047(table in)2.547 F F2(conf)2.547
E(.c)-.15 E F1 5.047(.T)C .046
(his table contains the header name \(which should be in all lo)246.842 273 R
(wer)-.25 E(case\) and a set of header control \215ags \(described belo)117 285
Q(w\), The \215ags are:)-.25 E(H_A)117 301.2 Q 30.97(CHECK Normally)-.4 F .007
(when the check is made to see if a header line is compatible with)2.507 F
2.941(am)203.4 313.2 S(ailer)218.561 313.2 Q(,)-.4 E F2(sendmail)2.941 E F1
.441(will not delete an e)2.941 F .441(xisting line.)-.15 F .44
(If this \215ag is set,)5.441 F F2(send-)2.94 E(mail)203.4 325.2 Q F1 .152
(will delete e)2.652 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.652(ne).15 G .152
(xisting header lines.)293.998 325.2 R .152
(That is, if this bit is set and the)5.152 F 1.425(mailer does not ha)203.4
337.2 R 1.725 -.15(ve \215)-.2 H 1.425
(ag bits set that intersect with the required mailer).15 F 2.204
(\215ags in the header de\214nition in sendmail.cf, the header line is)203.4
349.2 R F2(always)4.704 E F1(deleted.)203.4 361.2 Q 51.13(H_EOH If)117 377.4 R
.206(this header \214eld is set, treat it lik)2.706 F 2.706(eab)-.1 G .206
(lank line, i.e., it will signal the end)363.95 377.4 R
(of the header and the be)203.4 389.4 Q(ginning of the message te)-.15 E(xt.)
-.15 E 39.45(H_FORCE Add)117 405.6 R 2.038(this header entry e)4.538 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G 4.538(ni).15 G 4.538(fo)326.22 405.6 S 2.038(ne e)339.088 405.6 R 2.039
(xisted in the message before.)-.15 F 2.039(If a)7.039 F 2.189
(header entry does not ha)203.4 417.6 R 2.488 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.188
(his bit set,).15 F F2(sendmail)4.688 E F1 2.188(will not add another)4.688 F
.62(header line if a header line of this name already e)203.4 429.6 R 3.12
(xisted. This)-.15 F -.1(wo)3.12 G .62(uld nor).1 F(-)-.2 E
(mally be used to stamp the message by e)203.4 441.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ryone who handled it.).15 E(H_TRA)117 457.8 Q 39.3(CE If)-.4 F 1.044
(set, this is a timestamp \(trace\) \214eld.)3.544 F 1.043
(If the number of trace \214elds in a)6.043 F .705(message e)203.4 469.8 R .705
(xceeds a preset amount the message is returned on the assump-)-.15 F
(tion that it has an aliasing loop.)203.4 481.8 Q 46.67(H_RCPT If)117 498 R
.332(set, this \214eld contains recipient addresses.)2.833 F .332
(This is used by the)5.332 F F0<ad74>2.832 E F1 .332(\215ag to)2.832 F 1.349
(determine who to send to when it is collecting recipients from the mes-)203.4
510 R(sage.)203.4 522 Q(H_FR)117 538.2 Q 43.74(OM This)-.4 F 1.673
(\215ag indicates that this \214eld speci\214es a sender)4.174 F 6.673(.T)-.55
G 1.673(he order of these)432.061 538.2 R .898(\214elds in the)203.4 550.2 R F2
(HdrInfo)3.398 E F1 .898(table speci\214es)3.398 F F2(sendmail)3.398 E F1 1.998
-.55('s p)D .898(reference for which \214eld).55 F
(to return error messages to.)203.4 562.2 Q(H_ERR)117 578.4 Q(ORST)-.4 E 22.53
(OA)-.18 G(ddresses in this header should recei)210.62 578.4 Q .3 -.15(ve e)
-.25 H(rror messages.).15 E 52.79(H_CTE This)117 594.6 R(header is a Content-T)
2.5 E(ransfer)-.35 E(-Encoding header)-.2 E(.)-.55 E 40.01(H_CTYPE This)117
610.8 R(header is a Content-T)2.5 E(ype header)-.8 E(.)-.55 E(H_STRIPV)117 627
Q 25.25(AL Strip)-1.35 F(the v)2.5 E(alue from the header \(for Bcc:\).)-.25 E
(Let')117 643.2 Q 2.5(sl)-.55 G(ook at a sample)142.28 643.2 Q F2(HdrInfo)2.5 E
F1(speci\214cation:)2.5 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-56 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(struct hdrinfo)
157 96 Q(HdrInfo[] =)295.76 96 Q({)157 108 Q
(/* originator \214elds, most to least signi\214cant)189.5 120 Q(*/)5 E 52.29
("resent-sender", H_FR)177 132 R(OM,)-.4 E 58.95("resent-from", H_FR)177 144 R
(OM,)-.4 E 79.5("sender", H_FR)177 156 R(OM,)-.4 E 86.16("from", H_FR)177 168 R
(OM,)-.4 E 66.72("full-name", H_A)177 180 R(CHECK,)-.4 E 71.17
("errors-to", H_FR)177 192 R -1.667(OM | H_ERR)-.4 F(ORST)-.4 E(O,)-.18 E
(/* destination \214elds */)189.5 204 Q 97.82("to", H_RCPT)177 216 R(,)-.74 E
70.61("resent-to", H_RCPT)177 228 R(,)-.74 E 96.72("cc", H_RCPT)177 240 R(,)
-.74 E 91.72("bcc", H_RCPT)177 252 R .833(|H).833 G(_STRIPV)-.833 E(AL,)-1.35 E
(/* message identi\214cation and control */)189.5 264 Q 71.72
("message", H_EOH,)177 276 R("te)177 288 Q 90.75(xt", H_EOH,)-.15 F
(/* trace \214elds */)189.5 300 Q("recei)177 312 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 72.13
(d", H_TRA).15 F -1.667(CE | H_FORCE,)-.4 F(/* miscellaneous \214elds */)189.5
324 Q("content-transfer)177 336 Q 2.5(-encoding", H_CTE,)-.2 F 55.61
("content-type", H_CTYPE,)177 348 R 87.1(NULL, 0,)177 372 R(};)157 384 Q 2.435
(This structure indicates that the \231T)117 400.2 R 2.435
(o:\232, \231Resent-T)-.8 F 2.435
(o:\232, and \231Cc:\232 \214elds all specify recipient)-.8 F 3.161
(addresses. An)117 412.2 R 3.161<7999>-.15 G .662(Full-Name:\232 \214eld will \
be deleted unless the required mailer \215ag \(indicated in)188.152 412.2 R
.246(the con\214guration \214le\) is speci\214ed.)117 424.2 R .245
(The \231Message:\232 and \231T)5.246 F -.15(ex)-.7 G .245
(t:\232 \214elds will terminate the header;).15 F 1.936
(these are used by random dissenters around the netw)117 436.2 R 1.936(ork w)
-.1 F 4.436(orld. The)-.1 F(\231Recei)4.436 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.937
(d:\232 \214eld will).15 F(al)117 448.2 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G
(ys be added, and can be used to trace messages.).1 E .446
(There are a number of important points here.)142 464.4 R .445
(First, header \214elds are not added automati-)5.446 F .656
(cally just because the)117 476.4 R 3.156(ya)-.15 G .656(re in the)216.674
476.4 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(HdrInfo)3.157 E F1 .657(structure; the)3.157 F
3.157(ym)-.15 G .657(ust be speci\214ed in the con\214guration)358.225 476.4 R
.728(\214le in order to be added to the message.)117 488.4 R(An)5.727 E 3.227
(yh)-.15 G .727(eader \214elds mentioned in the con\214guration \214le)312.988
488.4 R -.2(bu)117 500.4 S 3.24(tn).2 G .74(ot mentioned in the)137.82 500.4 R
F2(HdrInfo)3.24 E F1 .74(structure ha)3.24 F 1.04 -.15(ve d)-.2 H(ef).15 E .74
(ault processing performed; that is, the)-.1 F 3.24(ya)-.15 G(re)496.23 500.4 Q
1.375(added unless the)117 512.4 R 3.875(yw)-.15 G 1.375
(ere in the message already)201.795 512.4 R 6.375(.S)-.65 G 1.374(econd, the)
326.6 512.4 R F2(HdrInfo)3.874 E F1 1.374(structure only speci\214es)3.874 F
.324
(cliched processing; certain headers are processed specially by ad hoc code re)
117 524.4 R -.05(ga)-.15 G .325(rdless of the sta-).05 F .481
(tus speci\214ed in)117 536.4 R F2(HdrInfo)2.981 E F1 5.481(.F)C .481(or e)
226.554 536.4 R .481
(xample, the \231Sender:\232 and \231From:\232 \214elds are al)-.15 F -.1(wa)
-.1 G .48(ys scanned on).1 F(ARP)117 550.4 Q .751
(ANET mail to determine the sender)-.92 F/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(22)282.315
546.4 Q F1 3.251(;t)289.315 550.4 S .75
(his is used to perform the \231return to sender\232 func-)298.126 550.4 R
2.976(tion. The)117 562.4 R .476(\231From:\232 and \231Full-Name:\232 \214elds\
 are used to determine the full name of the sender if)2.976 F
(possible; this is stored in the macro)117 574.4 Q F0($x)2.5 E F1
(and used in a number of w)2.5 E(ays.)-.1 E F0 2.5(6.3.2. Restricting)102 598.4
R(Use of Email)2.5 E F1 .15
(If it is necessary to restrict mail through a relay)142 614.6 R 2.649(,t)-.65
G(he)339.755 614.6 Q F2 -.15(ch)2.649 G(ec).15 E(kcompat)-.2 E F1 .149
(routine can be modi\214ed.)2.649 F .163(This routine is called for e)117 626.6
R -.15(ve)-.25 G .163(ry recipient address.).15 F .163(It returns an e)5.163 F
.163(xit status indicating the status of)-.15 F .895(the message.)117 638.6 R
.895(The status)5.895 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(EX_OK)3.395 E F1 .895
(accepts the address,)3.395 F F4(EX_TEMPF)3.395 E(AIL)-.666 E F1 .895
(queues the message for a)3.395 F .263(later try)117 650.6 R 2.763(,a)-.65 G
.263(nd other v)157.696 650.6 R .264(alues \(commonly)-.25 F F4(EX_UN)2.764 E
-1.215(AVA)-.315 G(ILABLE)1.215 E F1 2.764(\)r)C .264(eject the message.)
358.372 650.6 R .264(It is up to)5.264 F F2 -.15(ch)2.764 G(ec).15 E(k-)-.2 E
(compat)117 662.6 Q F1 2.477(to print an error message \(using)4.978 F F2(usr)
4.977 E(err)-.37 E F1 4.977(\)i)C 4.977(ft)331.418 662.6 S 2.477
(he message is rejected.)342.505 662.6 R -.15(Fo)7.477 G 4.977(re).15 G
(xample,)472.06 662.6 Q .32 LW 76 672.2 72 672.2 DL 80 672.2 76 672.2 DL 84
672.2 80 672.2 DL 88 672.2 84 672.2 DL 92 672.2 88 672.2 DL 96 672.2 92 672.2
DL 100 672.2 96 672.2 DL 104 672.2 100 672.2 DL 108 672.2 104 672.2 DL 112
672.2 108 672.2 DL 116 672.2 112 672.2 DL 120 672.2 116 672.2 DL 124 672.2 120
672.2 DL 128 672.2 124 672.2 DL 132 672.2 128 672.2 DL 136 672.2 132 672.2 DL
140 672.2 136 672.2 DL 144 672.2 140 672.2 DL 148 672.2 144 672.2 DL 152 672.2
148 672.2 DL 156 672.2 152 672.2 DL 160 672.2 156 672.2 DL 164 672.2 160 672.2
DL 168 672.2 164 672.2 DL 172 672.2 168 672.2 DL 176 672.2 172 672.2 DL 180
672.2 176 672.2 DL 184 672.2 180 672.2 DL 188 672.2 184 672.2 DL 192 672.2 188
672.2 DL 196 672.2 192 672.2 DL 200 672.2 196 672.2 DL 204 672.2 200 672.2 DL
208 672.2 204 672.2 DL 212 672.2 208 672.2 DL 216 672.2 212 672.2 DL/F5 5
/Times-Roman@0 SF(22)93.6 682.6 Q/F6 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(Actually)3.2 I 2.631
(,t)-.52 G .631
(his is no longer true in SMTP; this information is contained in the en)132.487
685.8 R -.12(ve)-.32 G 2.632(lope. The).12 F .632(older ARP)2.632 F .632
(ANET protocols did)-.736 F(not completely distinguish en)72 695.4 Q -.12(ve)
-.32 G(lope from header).12 E(.)-.44 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-57)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.15(ch)117 96 S(ec).15 E
(kcompat)-.2 E/F2 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(could read:)2.5 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF
(int)157 111 Q(checkcompat\(to, e\))157 121.8 Q(re)175 132.6 Q
(gister ADDRESS *to;)-.135 E(re)175 143.4 Q(gister ENVELOPE *e;)-.135 E({)157
154.2 Q(re)175 165 Q(gister ST)-.135 E(AB *s;)-.837 E 2.25(s=s)175 186.6 S
(tab\("pri)191.578 186.6 Q -.225(va)-.225 G(te", ST_MAILER, ST_FIND\);).225 E
(if \(s != NULL && e\255>e_from.q_mailer != LocalMailer &&)175 197.4 Q
(to->q_mailer == s->s_mailer\))184 208.2 Q({)175 219 Q(usrerr\("No pri)193
229.8 Q -.225(va)-.225 G(te net mail allo).225 E(wed through this machine"\);)
-.225 E(return \(EX_UN)193 240.6 Q -1.215(AVA)-.315 G(ILABLE\);)1.215 E(})175
251.4 Q(if \(MsgSize > 50000 && bitnset\(M_LOCALMAILER, to\255>q_mailer\)\))175
262.2 Q({)175 273 Q(usrerr\("Message too lar)193 283.8 Q(ge for non-local deli)
-.162 E -.135(ve)-.225 G(ry"\);).135 E(e\255>e_\215ags |= EF_NORETURN;)193
294.6 Q(return \(EX_UN)193 305.4 Q -1.215(AVA)-.315 G(ILABLE\);)1.215 E(})175
316.2 Q(return \(EX_OK\);)175 327 Q(})157 337.8 Q F2 5.146(This w)117 354 R
5.147(ould reject messages greater than 50000 bytes unless the)-.1 F 7.647(yw)
-.15 G 5.147(ere local.)436.506 354 R(The)488.45 354 Q F1(EF_NORETURN)117 366 Q
F2 .942(\215ag can be set in)3.442 F F1(e)3.441 E/F4 10/Symbol SF<ae>A F1
(e_\215a)A(gs)-.1 E F2 .941(to suppress the return of the actual body of the)
3.441 F .128(message in the error return.)117 378 R .129
(The actual use of this routine is highly dependent on the implemen-)5.129 F
(tation, and use should be limited.)117 390 Q F0 2.5(6.3.3. Load)102 414 R -.6
-1(Av e)2.5 H(rage Computation)1 E F2 .18(The routine)142 430.2 R F1 -.1(ge)
2.68 G(tla).1 E F2 .18
(should return an approximation of the current system load a)2.68 F -.15(ve)-.2
G .18(rage as an).15 F(inte)117 442.2 Q(ger)-.15 E 5(.T)-.55 G(here are se)
157.68 442.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ral v).15 E
(ersions included on compilation \215ags as described abo)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.15 G
(.).15 E F0 2.5(6.3.4. New)102 466.2 R(Database Map Classes)2.5 E F2(Ne)142
482.4 Q 2.875(wk)-.25 G .675 -.15(ey m)168.405 482.4 T .375(aps can be added b\
y creating a class initialization function and a lookup func-).15 F 2.5
(tion. These)117 494.4 R(are then added to the routine)2.5 E F1(setupmaps.)2.5
E F2(The initialization function is called as)142 510.6 Q F1(xxx)157 526.8 Q F2
(_map_init\(MAP *map, char *mapname, char *ar)A(gs\))-.18 E(The)117 543 Q F1
(map)2.555 E F2 .055(is an internal data structure.)2.555 F(The)5.055 E F1
(mapname)2.555 E F2 .054(is the name of the map \(used for error mes-)2.554 F
2.819(sages\). The)117 555 R F1(ar)2.819 E(gs)-.37 E F2 .32(is a pointer to th\
e rest of the con\214guration \214le line; \215ags and \214lenames can be)2.819
F -.15(ex)117 567 S .675(tracted from this line.).15 F .675
(The initialization function must return)5.675 F F3(TR)3.175 E(UE)-.36 E F2
.674(if it successfully opened)3.174 F(the map,)117 579 Q F3 -.666(FA)2.5 G
(LSE).666 E F2(otherwise.)2.5 E(The lookup function is called as)142 595.2 Q F1
(xxx)157 611.4 Q F2(_map_lookup\(MAP *map, char b)A(uf[], int b)-.2 E
(ufsize, char **a)-.2 E 1.3 -.65(v, i)-.2 H(nt *statp\)).65 E(The)117 627.6 Q
F1(map)3.475 E F2 .975(de\214nes the map internally)3.475 F 5.975(.T)-.65 G
.975(he parameters)277.18 627.6 R F1 -.2(bu)3.475 G(f).2 E F2(and)3.475 E F1
-.2(bu)3.475 G(fsize).2 E F2(ha)3.476 E 1.276 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .976(he input k)
.15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 5.976(.T)-.5 G(his)492.33 627.6 Q .043
(may be \(and often is\) used destructi)117 639.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E
5.043(.T)-.65 G(he)289.831 639.6 Q F1(av)2.543 E F2 .043(is a list of ar)2.543
F .042(guments passed in from the re)-.18 F(write)-.25 E 3.654(line. The)117
651.6 R 1.154(lookup function should return a pointer to the ne)3.654 F 3.655
(wv)-.25 G 3.655(alue. IF)378.335 651.6 R 1.155(the map lookup f)3.655 F(ails,)
-.1 E F1(*statp)117 663.6 Q F2 1.272(should be set to an e)3.772 F 1.272
(xit status code; in particular)-.15 F 3.772(,i)-.4 G 3.771(ts)357.652 663.6 S
1.271(hould be set to)368.093 663.6 R F3(EX_TEMPF)3.771 E(AIL)-.666 E F2(if)
3.771 E(reco)117 675.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(ry is to be attempted by the higher le)
.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(lc).15 G(ode.)308.76 675.6 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-58 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(6.3.5. Queueing)102 96 R(Function)
2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .782(The routine)142 112.2 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0
SF(shouldqueue)3.282 E F1 .783
(is called to decide if a message should be queued or processed)3.283 F
(immediately)117 124.2 Q 6.619(.T)-.65 G 1.618
(ypically this compares the message priority to the current load a)180.779
124.2 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 4.118(rage. The).15 F(def)117 136.2 Q
(ault de\214nition is:)-.1 E(bool)157 152.4 Q(shouldqueue\(pri, ctime\))157
164.4 Q(long pri;)175 176.4 Q(time_t ctime;)175 188.4 Q({)157 200.4 Q
(if \(CurrentLA < QueueLA\))175 212.4 Q(return \(F)193 224.4 Q(ALSE\);)-.74 E
(return \(pri > \(QueueF)175 236.4 Q
(actor / \(CurrentLA \255 QueueLA + 1\)\)\);)-.15 E(})157 248.4 Q 2.062
(If the current load a)117 264.6 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.062(rage \(global v).15 F
(ariable)-.25 E F2(Curr)4.562 E(entLA)-.37 E F1 4.562(,w)C 2.062
(hich is set before this function is)361.636 264.6 R 1.058
(called\) is less than the lo)117 276.6 R 3.558(wt)-.25 G 1.058
(hreshold load a)234.198 276.6 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.058(rage \(option).15 F F0(x)
3.557 E F1 3.557(,v)C(ariable)375.526 276.6 Q F2(QueueLA)3.557 E F1(\),)A F2
(shouldqueue)3.557 E F1(returns)117 288.6 Q/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF -.666(FA)
2.586 G(LSE).666 E F1 .086(immediately \(that is, it should)2.586 F F2(not)
2.586 E F1 2.586(queue\). If)2.586 F .086(the current load a)2.586 F -.15(ve)
-.2 G .087(rage e).15 F .087(xceeds the)-.15 F .588(high threshold load a)117
300.6 R -.15(ve)-.2 G .588(rage \(option).15 F F0(X)3.087 E F1 3.087(,v)C
(ariable)281.846 300.6 Q F2(RefuseLA)3.087 E F1(\),)A F2(shouldqueue)3.087 E F1
(returns)3.087 E F3(TR)3.087 E(UE)-.36 E F1(immedi-)3.087 E(ately)117 312.6 Q
7.125(.O)-.65 G 2.125
(therwise, it computes the function based on the message priority)152.635 312.6
R 4.626(,t)-.65 G 2.126(he queue f)438.208 312.6 R(actor)-.1 E(\(option)117
324.6 Q F0(q)2.5 E F1 2.5(,g)C(lobal v)163.95 324.6 Q(ariable)-.25 E F2(QueueF)
2.5 E(actor)-.75 E F1(\), and the current and threshold load a)A -.15(ve)-.2 G
(rages.).15 E 1.067(An implementation wishing to tak)142 340.8 R 3.567(et)-.1 G
1.066(he actual age of the message into account can also)293.625 340.8 R 1.41
(use the)117 352.8 R F2(ctime)3.91 E F1(parameter)3.91 E 3.91(,w)-.4 G 1.41
(hich is the time that the message w)229.15 352.8 R 1.41
(as \214rst submitted to)-.1 F F2(sendmail)3.91 E F1(.)A .929(Note that the)117
364.8 R F2(pri)3.428 E F1 .928
(parameter is already weighted by the number of times the message has been)
3.428 F .395(tried \(although this tends to lo)117 376.8 R .395
(wer the priority of the message with time\); the e)-.25 F .395
(xpectation is that)-.15 F(the)117 388.8 Q F2(ctime)2.674 E F1 -.1(wo)2.674 G
.174(uld be used as an \231escape clause\232 to ensure that messages are e).1 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G .174(ntually processed.).15 F F0 2.5(6.3.6. Refusing)102 412.8 R
(Incoming SMTP Connections)2.5 E F1 1.148(The function)142 429 R F2 -.37(re)
3.648 G(fuseconnections).37 E F1(returns)3.648 E F3(TR)3.648 E(UE)-.36 E F1
1.148(if incoming SMTP connections should be)3.648 F 3.564(refused. The)117 441
R 1.063(current implementation is based e)3.563 F(xclusi)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
1.063(ly on the current load a).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.063(rage and the).15 F
(refuse load a)117 453 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G(rage option \(option).15 E F0(X)2.5 E F1
2.5(,g)C(lobal v)273.56 453 Q(ariable)-.25 E F2(RefuseLA)2.5 E F1(\):)A(bool)
157 469.2 Q(refuseconnections\(\))157 481.2 Q({)157 493.2 Q
(return \(CurrentLA >= RefuseLA\);)175 505.2 Q(})157 517.2 Q 2.5(Am)117 533.4 S
(ore cle)134.5 533.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G
(mplementation could look at more system resources.)179.08 533.4 Q F0 2.5
(6.3.7. Load)102 557.4 R -.6 -1(Av e)2.5 H(rage Computation)1 E F1 .243
(The routine)142 573.6 R F2 -.1(ge)2.743 G(tla).1 E F1 .243
(returns the current load a)2.743 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .243
(rage \(as a rounded inte).15 F 2.743(ger\). The)-.15 F(distrib)2.744 E(ution)
-.2 E 1.157(includes se)117 585.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.157
(ral possible implementations.).15 F 1.157(If you are porting to a ne)6.157 F
3.657(we)-.25 G -.4(nv)418.757 585.6 S 1.157(ironment you may).4 F
(need to add some ne)117 599.6 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G(weaks.)210.9 599.6 Q/F4 7
/Times-Roman@0 SF(23)238.39 595.6 Q F0 2.5(6.4. Con\214guration)87 623.6 R
(in sr)2.5 E(c/daemon.c)-.18 E F1 .4(The \214le)127 639.8 R F2(sr)2.9 E
(c/daemon.c)-.37 E F1 .4
(contains a number of routines that are dependent on the local netw)2.9 F(ork-)
-.1 E(ing en)102 651.8 Q 2.5(vironment. The)-.4 F -.15(ve)2.5 G
(rsion supplied assumes you ha).15 E .3 -.15(ve B)-.2 H(SD style sock).15 E
(ets.)-.1 E 2.16(In pre)127 668 R 2.16
(vious releases, we recommended that you modify the routine)-.25 F F2
(maphostname)4.66 E F1 2.16(if you)4.66 F -.1(wa)102 680 S 1.918
(nted to generalize).1 F F0($[)4.418 E F1(...)4.418 E F0($])4.418 E F1 4.418
(lookups. W)4.418 F 4.418(en)-.8 G 2.418 -.25(ow r)293.904 680 T 1.918
(ecommend that you create a ne).25 F 4.419(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey)463.631 680 S
1.919(ed map).15 F .32 LW 76 689.6 72 689.6 DL 80 689.6 76 689.6 DL 84 689.6 80
689.6 DL 88 689.6 84 689.6 DL 92 689.6 88 689.6 DL 96 689.6 92 689.6 DL 100
689.6 96 689.6 DL 104 689.6 100 689.6 DL 108 689.6 104 689.6 DL 112 689.6 108
689.6 DL 116 689.6 112 689.6 DL 120 689.6 116 689.6 DL 124 689.6 120 689.6 DL
128 689.6 124 689.6 DL 132 689.6 128 689.6 DL 136 689.6 132 689.6 DL 140 689.6
136 689.6 DL 144 689.6 140 689.6 DL 148 689.6 144 689.6 DL 152 689.6 148 689.6
DL 156 689.6 152 689.6 DL 160 689.6 156 689.6 DL 164 689.6 160 689.6 DL 168
689.6 164 689.6 DL 172 689.6 168 689.6 DL 176 689.6 172 689.6 DL 180 689.6 176
689.6 DL 184 689.6 180 689.6 DL 188 689.6 184 689.6 DL 192 689.6 188 689.6 DL
196 689.6 192 689.6 DL 200 689.6 196 689.6 DL 204 689.6 200 689.6 DL 208 689.6
204 689.6 DL 212 689.6 208 689.6 DL 216 689.6 212 689.6 DL/F5 5/Times-Roman@0
SF(23)93.6 700 Q/F6 8/Times-Roman@0 SF
(If you do, please send updates to sendmail@CS.Berk)3.2 I(ele)-.08 E -.52(y.)
-.12 G(EDU.).52 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-59)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(instead.)102 96 Q F0 2.5
(7. CHANGES)72 120 R(IN VERSION 8)2.5 E F1 .196(The follo)112 136.2 R .196
(wing summarizes changes since the last commonly a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G .196
(ilable v).25 F .196(ersion of)-.15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.695 E
F1(\(5.67\).)2.695 E -.15(Fo)87 148.2 S 2.702(rad).15 G .202
(etailed list, consult the \214le RELEASE_NO)115.584 148.2 R .203
(TES in the root directory of the)-.4 F F2(sendmail)2.703 E F1(distrib)2.703 E
(ution.)-.2 E F0 2.5(7.1. Connection)87 172.2 R(Caching)2.5 E F1 .398
(Instead of closing SMTP connections immediately)127 188.4 R 2.897(,t)-.65 G
.397(hose connections are cached for possible)339.005 188.4 R .597(future use.)
102 200.4 R .597(The adv)5.597 F .597(ent of MX records made this ef)-.15 F
(fecti)-.25 E .897 -.15(ve f)-.25 H .598
(or mailing lists; in addition, substantial).15 F(performance impro)102 212.4 Q
-.15(ve)-.15 G(ments can be e).15 E(xpected for queue processing.)-.15 E F0 2.5
(7.2. MX)87 236.4 R(Piggybacking)2.5 E F1 1.258(If tw)127 252.6 R 3.757(oh)-.1
G 1.257(osts with dif)161.075 252.6 R 1.257
(ferent names in a single message happen to ha)-.25 F 1.557 -.15(ve t)-.2 H
1.257(he same set of MX).15 F .94(hosts, the)102 264.6 R 3.44(yc)-.15 G .94
(an be sent in the same transaction.)153.45 264.6 R -1.11(Ve)5.94 G .94
(rsion 8 notices this and tries to batch the mes-)1.11 F(sages.)102 276.6 Q F0
2.5(7.3. RFC)87 300.6 R(1123 Compliance)2.5 E F1 3.463(An)127 316.8 S .963
(umber of changes ha)142.683 316.8 R 1.262 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .962
(een made to mak).15 F(e)-.1 E F2(sendmail)3.462 E F1 .962
(\231conditionally compliant\232 \(that is,)3.462 F F2(sendmail)102 328.8 Q F1
.049(satis\214es all of the \231MUST\232 clauses and most b)2.549 F .05
(ut not all of the \231SHOULD\232 clauses in RFC)-.2 F(1123\).)102 340.8 Q
(The major areas of change are \(numbers are RFC 1123 section numbers\):)127
357 Q 15(5.2.7 Response)102 373.2 R(to RCPT command is f)2.5 E(ast.)-.1 E 15
(5.2.8 Numeric)102 389.4 R(IP addresses are logged in Recei)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25
G(d: lines.).15 E 10(5.2.17 Self)102 405.6 R
(domain literal is properly handled.)2.5 E 15(5.3.2 Better)102 421.8 R
(control o)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(ri).15 G(ndi)220.02 421.8 Q
(vidual timeouts.)-.25 E 15(5.3.3 Error)102 438 R
(messages are sent as \231From:<>\232.)2.5 E 15(5.3.3 Error)102 454.2 R
(messages are ne)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rs).15 G(ent to \231<>\232.)246.28
454.2 Q 15(5.3.3 Route-addrs)102 470.4 R(are pruned.)2.5 E(The areas in which)
102 486.6 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(is not \231unconditionally compliant\232 are:)
2.5 E(5.2.6)102 502.8 Q F2(Sendmail)139.5 502.8 Q F1(does do header munging.)
2.5 E(5.2.10)102 519 Q F2(Sendmail)139.5 519 Q F1(doesn')2.5 E 2.5(ta)-.18 G
-.1(lwa)215.42 519 S(ys use the e).1 E(xact SMTP message te)-.15 E
(xt as listed in RFC 821.)-.15 E(5.3.1.1)102 535.2 Q F2(Sendmail)139.5 535.2 Q
F1(doesn')2.5 E 2.5(tg)-.18 G
(uarantee only one connect for each host in queue runs.)215.98 535.2 Q(5.3.1.1)
102 551.4 Q F2(Sendmail)139.5 551.4 Q F1(doesn')2.5 E 2.5(ta)-.18 G -.1(lwa)
215.42 551.4 S(ys pro).1 E(vide adequate concurrenc)-.15 E 2.5(yl)-.15 G
(imits.)366.54 551.4 Q F0 2.5(7.4. Extended)87 575.4 R(SMTP Support)2.5 E F1
-1.11(Ve)127 591.6 S .155(rsion 8 includes both sending and recei)1.11 F .154
(ving support for Extended SMTP support as de\214ned)-.25 F(by RFC 1651 \(basi\
c\) and RFC 1653 \(SIZE\); and limited support for RFC 1652 \(BOD)102 603.6 Q
(Y\).)-.55 E F0 2.5(7.5. Eight-Bit)87 627.6 R(Clean)2.5 E F1(Pre)127 643.8 Q
1.263(vious v)-.25 F 1.263(ersions of)-.15 F F2(sendmail)3.763 E F1 1.264
(used the 0200 bit for quoting.)3.763 F 1.264(This v)6.264 F 1.264(ersion a)
-.15 F -.2(vo)-.2 G 1.264(ids that use.).2 F(Ho)102 655.8 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G .8 -.4(r, f).15 H
(or compatibility with RFC 822, you can set option `7' to get se).4 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G 2.5(nb).15 G(it stripping.)418.86 655.8 Q(Indi)127 672 Q
(vidual mailers can still produce se)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(nb).15 G
(it output using the `7' mailer \215ag.)300.77 672 Q F0 2.5(7.6. User)87 696 R
(Database)2.5 E F1 1.073(The user database is an as-yet e)127 712.2 R 1.072
(xperimental attempt to pro)-.15 F 1.072(vide uni\214ed lar)-.15 F 1.072
(ge-site name sup-)-.18 F 2.5(port. W)102 724.2 R 2.5(ea)-.8 G
(re installing it at Berk)145.63 724.2 Q(ele)-.1 E(y; future v)-.15 E
(ersions may sho)-.15 E 2.5(ws)-.25 G(igni\214cant modi\214cations.)363.57
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-60 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(7.7. Impr)87 96 R -.1(ove)-.18 G
2.5(dB).1 G(IND Support)158.01 96 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .489
(The BIND support, particularly for MX records, had a number of anno)127 112.2
R .49(ying \231features\232 which)-.1 F(ha)102 124.2 Q 1.212 -.15(ve b)-.2 H
.912(een remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.412(di).15 G 3.412(nt)187.116 124.2 S .912
(his release.)198.308 124.2 R .912(In particular)5.912 F 3.412(,t)-.4 G .912
(hese more tightly bind \(pun intended\) the name)307.916 124.2 R(serv)102
136.2 Q(er to)-.15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.5 E F1 2.5(,s)C 2.5(ot)
184.06 136.2 S(hat the name serv)194.34 136.2 Q
(er resolution rules are incorporated directly into)-.15 E F0(sendmail)2.5 E F1
(.)A F0 2.5(7.8. K)87 160.2 R(ey)-.25 E(ed Files)-.1 E F1 .365(Generalized k)
127 176.4 R -.15(ey)-.1 G .365(ed \214les is an idea tak).15 F .365
(en directly from)-.1 F/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(ID)2.866 E(A)-.36 E F2(sendmail)
2.866 E F1 .366(\(albeit with a completely)2.866 F(dif)102 188.4 Q
(ferent implementation\).)-.25 E(The)5 E 2.5(yc)-.15 G(an be useful on lar)
239.63 188.4 Q(ge sites.)-.18 E -1.11(Ve)127 204.6 S
(rsion 8 also understands YP)1.11 E(.)-1.11 E F0 2.5(7.9. Multi-W)87 228.6 R
(ord Classes)-.75 E F1(Classes can no)127 244.8 Q 2.5(wb)-.25 G 2.5(em)200.35
244.8 S(ultiple w)215.07 244.8 Q 2.5(ords. F)-.1 F(or e)-.15 E(xample,)-.15 E
(CShofmann.CS.Berk)142 261 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(allo)102 277.2
Q 2.664(ws you to match the entire string \231hofmann.CS.Berk)-.25 F(ele)-.1 E
-.65(y.)-.15 G 2.663(EDU\232 using the single construct).65 F(\231$=S\232.)102
289.2 Q F0 2.5(7.10. Deferr)87 313.2 R(ed Macr)-.18 E 2.5(oE)-.18 G(xpansion)
189.94 313.2 Q F1(The)127 329.4 Q F0($&)2.5 E F2(x)A F1
(construct has been adopted from)2.5 E F3(ID)2.5 E(A)-.36 E F1(.)A F0 2.5
(7.11. IDENT)87 353.4 R(Pr)2.5 E(otocol Support)-.18 E F1
(The IDENT protocol as de\214ned in RFC 1413 is supported.)127 369.6 Q F0 2.5
(7.12. P)87 393.6 R(arsing Bug Fixes)-.1 E F1 4.03(An)127 409.8 S 1.53
(umber of small b)143.25 409.8 R 1.53(ugs ha)-.2 F 1.53
(ving to do with things lik)-.2 F 4.03(eb)-.1 G 1.53
(ackslash-escaped quotes inside of)364.72 409.8 R(comments ha)102 421.8 Q .3
-.15(ve b)-.2 H(een \214x).15 E(ed.)-.15 E F0 2.5(7.13. Separate)87 445.8 R(En)
2.5 E -.1(ve)-.4 G(lope/Header Pr).1 E(ocessing)-.18 E F1 .854
(Since the From: line is passed in separately from the en)127 462 R -.15(ve)-.4
G .854(lope sender).15 F 3.354(,t)-.4 G .854(hese ha)420.978 462 R 1.154 -.15
(ve b)-.2 H .854(oth been).15 F .427(made visible; the)102 474 R F0($g)2.927 E
F1 .427(macro is set to the en)2.927 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .428
(lope sender during processing of mailer ar).15 F .428(gument v)-.18 F(ec-)-.15
E(tors and the header sender during processing of headers.)102 486 Q .085
(It is also possible to specify separate per)127 502.2 R .085(-mailer en)-.2 F
-.15(ve)-.4 G .084(lope and header processing.).15 F(The)5.084 E F0(S)2.584 E
F1(ender)A(-)-.2 E -.55(RW)102 514.2 S .512(Set and).55 F F0(R)3.012 E F1
(ecipientR)A .512(Wset ar)-.55 F .512
(guments for mailers can be speci\214ed as)-.18 F F2(en)3.013 E(velope/header)
-.4 E F1 .513(to gi)3.013 F .813 -.15(ve d)-.25 H(if-).15 E(ferent re)102 526.2
Q(writings for en)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.4 G(lope v).15 E(ersus header addresses.)
-.15 E F0 2.5(7.14. Owner)87 550.2 R(-List Pr)-.37 E(opagates to En)-.18 E -.1
(ve)-.4 G(lope).1 E F1 1.001(When an alias has an associated o)127 566.4 R 1
(wner\255list name, that alias is used to change the en)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G
(lope).15 E(sender address.)102 578.4 Q(This will cause do)5 E
(wnstream errors to be returned to that o)-.25 E(wner)-.25 E(.)-.55 E F0 2.5
(7.15. Dynamic)87 602.4 R(Header Allocation)2.5 E F1(The \214x)127 618.6 Q
(ed size limit on header lines has been eliminated.)-.15 E F0 2.5(7.16. New)87
642.6 R(Command Line Flags)2.5 E F1(The)127 658.8 Q F0<ad42>2.5 E F1
(\215ag has been added to pass in body type information.)2.5 E(The)127 675 Q F0
<ad70>2.5 E F1(\215ag has been added to pass in protocol information.)2.5 E
(The)127 691.2 Q F0<ad58>2.6 E F1 .1(\215ag has been added to allo)2.6 F 2.6
(wl)-.25 G .1(ogging of all protocol in and out of)279.89 691.2 R F2(sendmail)
2.6 E F1 .1(for deb)2.6 F(ug-)-.2 E(ging.)102 703.2 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-61)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(The)127 96 Q F0<ad4f>2.5 E F1
(\215ag simplies setting long-form options.)2.5 E F0 2.5(7.17. Enhanced)87 120
R(Command Line Flags)2.5 E F1(The)127 136.2 Q F0<ad71>4.007 E F1 1.507(\215ag \
can limit limit a queue run to speci\214c recipients, senders, or queue ids us\
ing)4.007 F F0(\255qR)102 148.2 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(substring)A F0 2.5
<2cad>C(qS)168.41 148.2 Q F2(substring)A F0 2.5(,o)C 2.5<72ad>226.76 148.2 S
(qI)239.4 148.2 Q F2(substring)A F0 -.18(re)2.5 G(specti).18 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(ly)
.1 E(.)-.7 E 2.5(7.18. New)87 172.2 R(and Old Con\214guration Line T)2.5 E
(ypes)-.74 E F1(The)127 188.4 Q F0(K)2.5 E F1
(line has been added to declare database maps.)2.5 E(The)127 204.6 Q F0(V)2.5 E
F1(line has been added to declare the con\214guration v)2.5 E(ersion le)-.15 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G(l.).15 E(The)127 220.8 Q F0(M)2.796 E F1 .297(line has a \231D=\
\232 \214eld that lets you change into a temporary directory while that mailer)
2.796 F .581(is running.)102 232.8 R .581
(It also has a \231U=\232 \214eld to allo)5.581 F 3.081(wy)-.25 G .58
(ou to set the user and group id to be used when run-)289.85 232.8 R
(ning the mailer)102 244.8 Q(.)-.55 E F0 2.5(7.19. New)87 268.8 R(Options)2.5 E
F1(Se)127 285 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .9(ral ne).15 F 3.4(wo)-.25 G .9(ptions ha)184.8
285 R 1.2 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .9(een added, man).15 F 3.4(yt)-.15 G 3.4(os)314.89
285 S .9(upport ne)327.18 285 R 3.4(wf)-.25 G .9(eatures, others to allo)379.83
285 R 3.4(wt)-.25 G(uning)481.22 285 Q 1.187(that w)102 297 R 1.187(as pre)-.1
F 1.187(viously a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G 1.187(ilable only by recompiling.).25 F
(The)6.186 E 3.686(ya)-.15 G 1.186(re described in detail in Section 5.1.5.)
345.514 297 R(Brie\215y)102 309 Q(,)-.65 E 31(bI)102 325.2 S
(nsist on a minimum number of disk blocks.)141.33 325.2 Q 29.33(CS)102 341.4 S
(et checkpoint interv)143.56 341.4 Q(al.)-.25 E 29.89(ED)102 357.6 S(ef)145.22
357.6 Q(ault error message.)-.1 E 28.78(GE)102 373.8 S(nable GECOS matching.)
144.11 373.8 Q 31(hM)102 390 S(aximum hop count.)146.89 390 Q 33.22(jS)102
406.2 S(end errors in MIME-encapsulated format.)143.56 406.2 Q 32.11(JF)102
422.4 S(orw)143.41 422.4 Q(ard \214le path.)-.1 E 31(kC)102 438.6 S
(onnection cache size)144.67 438.6 Q 28.78(KC)102 454.8 S
(onnection cache lifetime.)144.67 454.8 Q 33.22(lE)102 471 S .333
(nable Errors-T)144.11 471 R .333(o: header)-.8 F 5.334(.T)-.55 G .334
(hese headers violate RFC 1123; this option is included to pro-)252.89 471 R
(vide back compatibility with old v)138 483 Q(ersions of)-.15 E F2(sendmail)2.5
E F1(.)A 28.78(OS)102 499.2 S
(et incoming SMTP daemon options, such as an alternate SMTP port.)143.56 499.2
Q 31(pP)102 515.4 S(ri)143.56 515.4 Q -.25(va)-.25 G .3 -.15(cy o).25 H
(ptions.).15 E 29.33(RD)102 531.6 S(on')145.22 531.6 Q 2.5(tp)-.18 G
(rune route-addrs.)168.65 531.6 Q 28.78(UU)102 547.8 S(ser database spec.)
145.22 547.8 Q 28.78(VF)102 564 S(allback \231MX\232 host.)143.41 564 Q 28.78
<7799>102 580.2 S(Best MX\232 handling technique.)142.44 580.2 Q 31(7D)102
596.4 S 2.5(on)145.22 596.4 S(ot run eight bit clean.)157.72 596.4 Q 31(8E)102
612.6 S(ight bit data handling mode.)144.11 612.6 Q F0 2.5(7.20. Extended)87
636.6 R(Options)2.5 E F1(The)127 652.8 Q F0(r)3.764 E F1 1.264
(\(read timeout\),)3.764 F F0(I)3.764 E F1 1.264(\(use BIND\), and)3.764 F F0
(T)3.764 E F1 1.264(\(queue timeout\) options ha)3.764 F 1.564 -.15(ve b)-.2 H
1.264(een e).15 F 1.264(xtended to)-.15 F(pass in more information.)102 664.8 Q
F0 2.5(7.21. New)87 688.8 R(Mailer Flags)2.5 E F1(Se)127 705 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ral ne).15 E 2.5(wm)-.25 G(ailer \215ags ha)185.78 705 Q .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H
(een added.).15 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-62 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 31.56(aT)102 96
S .636(ry to use ESMTP when creating a connection.)143.76 96 R .636
(If this is not set,)5.636 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.136 E F1 .636
(will still try if)3.136 F .221(the other end hints that it kno)138 108 R .22
(ws about ESMTP in its greeting message; this \215ag says to try)-.25 F -2.15
-.25(ev e)138 120 T 2.595(ni).25 G 2.595(fi)161.855 120 S 2.595(td)170.56 120 S
(oesn')180.935 120 Q 2.595(th)-.18 G 2.595(int. If)212.79 120 R .095
(the EHLO \(e)2.595 F .095(xtended hello\) command f)-.15 F(ails,)-.1 E F2
(sendmail)2.596 E F1 -.1(fa)2.596 G .096(lls back to).1 F(old SMTP)138 132 Q(.)
-1.11 E 28.78(AT)102 148.2 S
(ry the user part of addresses for this mailer as aliases.)143.76 148.2 Q 31
(bE)102 164.4 S(nsure that there is a blank line at the end of all messages.)
144.11 164.4 Q 31.56(cS)102 180.6 S .68(trip all comments from addresses; this\
 should only be used as a last resort when dealing)143.56 180.6 R(with crank)
138 192.6 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G(ailers.)195.62 192.6 Q 31(gN)102 208.8 S -2.15 -.25
(ev e)145.22 208.8 T 2.64(ru).25 G .14(se the null sender as the en)169.67
208.8 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .141(lope sender).15 F 2.641(,e)-.4 G -.15(ve)341.495
208.8 S 2.641(nw).15 G .141(hen running SMTP)365.646 208.8 R 5.141(.A)-1.11 G
.141(lthough this)456.349 208.8 R 1.521(violates RFC 1123, it may be necessary\
 when you must deal with some obnoxious old)138 220.8 R(hosts.)138 232.8 Q 31
(kT)102 249 S(urn of)143.66 249 Q 2.5(ft)-.25 G
(he loopback check in the HELO protocol; doing this may cause mailer loops.)
176.18 249 Q 31(oA)102 265.2 S -.1(lwa)145.22 265.2 S
(ys run the mailer as the recipient of the message.).1 E 28.78(wT)102 281.4 S
(his user should ha)144.11 281.4 Q .3 -.15(ve a p)-.2 H(asswd \214le entry).15
E(.)-.65 E 31(5T)102 297.6 S(ry ruleset 5 if no local aliases.)143.76 297.6 Q
31(7S)102 313.8 S(trip all output to 7 bits.)143.56 313.8 Q 33.22(:C)102 330 S
(heck for :include: \214les.)144.67 330 Q 34(|C)102 346.2 S
(heck for |program addresses.)144.67 346.2 Q 33.22(/C)102 362.4 S
(heck for /\214le addresses.)144.67 362.4 Q 26.79(@C)102 378.6 S
(heck this user ag)144.67 378.6 Q(ainst the user database.)-.05 E F0 2.5
(7.22. Long)87 402.6 R(Option Names)2.5 E F1 .856
(All options can be speci\214ed using long names, and some ne)127 418.8 R 3.356
(wo)-.25 G .856(ptions can only be speci\214ed)389.476 418.8 R
(with long names.)102 430.8 Q F0 2.5(7.23. New)87 454.8 R(Pr)2.5 E
(e-De\214ned Macr)-.18 E(os)-.18 E F1(The follo)127 471 Q
(wing macros are pre-de\214ned:)-.25 E 23.5($k The)102 487.2 R
(UUCP node name, nominally from)2.5 E F2(uname)2.5 E F1(\(2\) call.)A 20.72
($m The)102 503.4 R(domain part of our full hostname.)2.5 E 23.5($_ The)102
519.6 R(RFC 1413-pro)2.5 E(vided sender address.)-.15 E F0 2.5(7.24. New)87
543.6 R(LHS T)2.5 E(ok)-.92 E(en)-.1 E F1 -1.11(Ve)127 559.8 S 1.376
(rsion 8 allo)1.11 F(ws)-.25 E F0($@)3.876 E F1 1.376
(on the Left Hand Side of an \231R\232 line to match zero tok)3.876 F 3.875
(ens. This)-.1 F(is)3.875 E(intended to be used to match the null input.)102
571.8 Q F0 2.5(7.25. Bigger)87 595.8 R(Defaults)2.5 E F1 -1.11(Ve)127 612 S
1.283(rsion 8 allo)1.11 F 1.284(ws up to 100 rulesets instead of 30.)-.25 F
1.284(It is recommended that rulesets 0\2559 be)6.284 F(reserv)102 624 Q
(ed for)-.15 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1 1.1 -.55('s d)D
(edicated use in future releases.).55 E
(The total number of MX records that can be used has been raised to 20.)127
640.2 Q .335(The number of queued messages that can be handled at one time has\
 been raised from 600 to)127 656.4 R(1000.)102 668.4 Q F0 2.5(7.26. Differ)87
692.4 R(ent Default T)-.18 E(uning P)-.92 E(arameters)-.1 E F1 -1.11(Ve)127
708.6 S .8(rsion 8 has changed the def)1.11 F .8
(ault parameters for tuning queue costs to mak)-.1 F 3.3(et)-.1 G .8
(he number of)449.08 708.6 R .712(recipients more important than the size of t\
he message \(for small messages\).)102 720.6 R .712(This is reasonable if)5.712
F EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-63)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(you are connected with reasonably f)102 96 Q(ast links.)-.1 E F0 2.5(7.27. A)
87 120 R(uto-Quoting in Addr)-.5 E(esses)-.18 E F1(Pre)127 136.2 Q(viously)-.25
E 2.61(,t)-.65 G .111(he \231Full Name <email address>\232 syntax w)176.77
136.2 R .111(ould generate incorrect protocol output)-.1 F
(if \231Full Name\232 had special characters such as dot.)102 148.2 Q(This v)5
E(ersion puts quotes around such names.)-.15 E F0 2.5(7.28. Symbolic)87 172.2 R
(Names On Err)2.5 E(or Mailer)-.18 E F1(Se)127 188.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ral names ha).15 E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een b).15 E
(uilt in to the $@ portion of the $#error mailer)-.2 E(.)-.55 E F0 2.5
(7.29. SMTP)87 212.4 R(VRFY Doesn't Expand)2.5 E F1(Pre)127 228.6 Q 1.438
(vious v)-.25 F 1.438(ersions of)-.15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.938
E F1 1.438(treated VRFY and EXPN the same.)3.938 F 1.437(In this v)6.437 F
1.437(ersion, VRFY)-.15 F(doesn')102 240.6 Q 2.5(te)-.18 G
(xpand aliases or follo)138.05 240.6 Q 2.5(w.)-.25 G(forw)235.84 240.6 Q
(ard \214les.)-.1 E(EXPN still does.)5 E .681
(As an optimization, if you run with your def)127 256.8 R .682(ault deli)-.1 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G .682(ry mode being queue-only or deli).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -.2
(r-).15 G 1.582
(in-background, the RCPT command will also not chase aliases and .forw)102
268.8 R 1.582(ard \214les.)-.1 F 1.582(It will chase)6.582 F
(them when it processes the queue.)102 280.8 Q F0 2.5(7.30. [IPC])87 304.8 R
(Mailers Allo)2.5 E 2.5(wM)-.1 G(ultiple Hosts)210.49 304.8 Q F1 .447
(When an address resolv)127 321 R .448
(es to a mailer that has \231[IPC]\232 as its \231P)-.15 F .448
(ath\232, the $@ part \(host name\))-.15 F .138
(can be a colon-separated list of hosts instead of a single hostname.)102 333 R
.137(This asks)5.137 F F2(sendmail)2.637 E F1 .137(to search the)2.637 F .16
(list for the \214rst entry that is a)102 345 R -.25(va)-.2 G .16(ilable e).25
F .161(xactly as though it were an MX record.)-.15 F .161
(The intent is to route)5.161 F .738(internal traf)102 357 R .738
(\214c through internal netw)-.25 F .738
(orks without publishing an MX record to the net.)-.1 F .737(MX e)5.737 F
(xpan-)-.15 E(sion is still done on the indi)102 369 Q(vidual items.)-.25 E F0
2.5(7.31. Aliases)87 393 R(Extended)2.5 E F1 1.456
(The implementation has been mer)127 409.2 R 1.457(ged with maps.)-.18 F 1.457
(Among other things, this supports NIS-)6.457 F(based aliases.)102 421.2 Q F0
2.5(7.32. P)87 445.2 R(ortability and Security Enhancements)-.2 E F1 2.5(An)127
461.4 S(umber of internal changes ha)141.72 461.4 Q .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H
(een made to enhance portability).15 E(.)-.65 E(Se)127 477.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ral \214x).15 E(es ha)-.15 E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H
(een made to increase the paranoia f).15 E(actor)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F0 2.5
(7.33. Miscellaneous)87 501.6 R(Changes)2.5 E F2(Sendmail)127 517.8 Q F1
(writes a)2.5 E F2(/etc/sendmail.pid)2.5 E F1
(\214le with the current process id of the SMTP daemon.)2.5 E -1 -.8(Tw o)127
534 T 1.647(people using the same program in their .forw)4.947 F 1.646
(ard \214le are considered dif)-.1 F 1.646(ferent so that)-.25 F
(duplicate elimination doesn')102 546 Q 2.5(td)-.18 G(elete one of them.)225.98
546 Q(The)127 562.2 Q F2(mailstats)3.18 E F1 .681
(program prints mailer names and gets the location of the)3.18 F F2
(sendmail.st)3.181 E F1 .681(\214le from)3.181 F F2(/etc/sendmail.cf)102 574.2
Q F1(.)A(Man)127 590.4 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G(inor b)160.46 590.4 Q(ugs ha)-.2 E .3
-.15(ve b)-.2 H(een \214x).15 E
(ed, such as handling of backslashes inside of quotes.)-.15 E 2.5(Ah)127 606.6
S(ook \(ruleset 5\) has been added to allo)141.72 606.6 Q 2.5(wr)-.25 G -.25
(ew)304.21 606.6 S(riting of local addresses after aliasing.).25 E F0 2.5(8. A)
72 630.6 R(CKNO)-.55 E(WLEDGEMENTS)-.5 E F1(I')112 646.8 Q 2.037 -.15(ve w)-.5
H(ork).05 E 1.737(ed on)-.1 F F2(sendmail)4.237 E F1 1.737(for man)4.237 F
4.237(yy)-.15 G 1.737(ears, and man)267.502 646.8 R 4.237(ye)-.15 G(mplo)
339.763 646.8 Q 1.737(yers ha)-.1 F 2.037 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.737
(een remarkably patient).15 F .403(about letting me w)87 658.8 R .403
(ork on a lar)-.1 F .403(ge project that w)-.18 F .404(as not part of my of)-.1
F .404(\214cial job)-.25 F 5.404(.T)-.4 G .404(his includes time on the)407.384
658.8 R .282(INGRES Project at the Uni)87 670.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .282
(rsity of California at Berk).15 F(ele)-.1 E 1.582 -.65(y, a)-.15 H 2.782(tB)
.65 G .282(ritton Lee, and ag)348.21 670.8 R .281(ain on the Mammoth)-.05 F
(and T)87 682.8 Q(itan Projects at Berk)-.35 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G .453
(Much of the second w)112 699 R -2.25 -.2(av e)-.1 H .453(of impro)3.153 F -.15
(ve)-.15 G .453(ments should be credited to Bryan Costales of ICSI.).15 F .454
(As he)5.454 F .781(passed me drafts of his book on)87 711 R F2(sendmail)3.281
E F1 3.281(Iw)3.281 G .781(as inspired to start w)274.741 711 R .781
(orking on things ag)-.1 F 3.281(ain. Bryan)-.05 F -.1(wa)3.281 G(s).1 E
(also a)87 723 Q -.25(va)-.2 G(ilable to bounce ideas of).25 E 2.5(fo)-.25 G
(f.)227.38 723 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-64 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(Man)112 96 Q
2.856 -.65(y, m)-.15 H(an).65 E 4.056(yp)-.15 G 1.556(eople contrib)172.212 96
R 1.556(uted chunks of code and ideas to)-.2 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
(sendmail)4.056 E F1 6.556(.I)C 4.056(th)418.476 96 S 1.557(as pro)430.312 96 R
-.15(ve)-.15 G 4.057(nt).15 G 4.057(ob)477.006 96 S 4.057(ea)491.063 96 S .464
(group netw)87 108 R .464(ork ef)-.1 F 2.964(fort. V)-.25 F .464
(ersion 8 in particular w)-1.11 F .463(as a group project.)-.1 F .463
(The follo)5.463 F .463(wing people made notable)-.25 F(contrib)87 120 Q
(utions:)-.2 E(John Beck, He)127 136.2 Q(wlett-P)-.25 E(ackard)-.15 E -.25(Ke)
127 148.2 S(ith Bostic, CSRG, Uni).25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
(rsity of California, Berk).15 E(ele)-.1 E(y)-.15 E(Andre)127 160.2 Q 2.5(wC)
-.25 G(heng, Sun Microsystems)168.13 160.2 Q(Michael J. Corrig)127 172.2 Q
(an, Uni)-.05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity of California, San Die).15 E(go)-.15 E
(Bryan Costales, International Computer Science Institute)127 184.2 Q -.15(Pa)
127 196.2 S -.5(..)132.298 190.2 S 2.5(r\()136.85 196.2 S(Pell\) Emanuelsson)
146.01 196.2 Q(Craig Ev)127 208.2 Q(erhart, T)-.15 E(ransarc Corporation)-.35 E
-.8(To)127 220.2 S 2.5(mI).8 G -.25(va)150.92 220.2 S 2.5(rH).25 G
(elbekkmo, Norwe)173.16 220.2 Q(gian School of Economics)-.15 E
(Allan E. Johannesen, WPI)127 232.2 Q(Jonathan Kamens, OpenV)127 244.2 Q
(ision T)-.6 E(echnologies, Inc.)-.7 E -.8(Ta)127 256.2 S
(kahiro Kanbe, Fuji Xerox Information Systems Co., Ltd.).8 E(Brian Kantor)127
268.2 Q 2.5(,U)-.4 G(ni)191.31 268.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(rsity of California, San Die).15 E(go)-.15 E(Murray S. K)127 280.2 Q(uchera)
-.15 E(wy)-.15 E 2.5(,H)-.65 G(ookUp Communication Corp.)227.41 280.2 Q
(Bruce Lilly)127 292.2 Q 2.5(,S)-.65 G(on)182.74 292.2 Q 2.5(yU)-.15 G(.S.)
207.31 292.2 Q(Karl London)127 304.2 Q(Motonori Nakamura, Ritsumeikan Uni)127
316.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity & K).15 E(yoto Uni)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity).15
E(John Gardiner Myers, Carne)127 328.2 Q(gie Mellon Uni)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
(rsity).15 E(Neil Rick)127 340.2 Q(ert, Northern Illinois Uni)-.1 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G(rsity).15 E(Eric Schnoebelen, Con)127 352.2 Q .3 -.15(vex C)-.4 H
(omputer Corp.).15 E(Eric W)127 364.2 Q(assenaar)-.8 E 2.5(,N)-.4 G
(ational Institute for Nuclear and High Ener)200.49 364.2 Q(gy Ph)-.18 E
(ysics, Amsterdam)-.05 E(Christophe W)127 376.2 Q(olfhugel, P)-.8 E
(asteur Institute & Herv)-.15 E 2.5(eS)-.15 G(chauer Consultants \(P)330.05
376.2 Q(aris\))-.15 E 3.219(Ia)87 392.4 S .719(pologize for an)97.989 392.4 R
.719(yone I ha)-.15 F 1.019 -.15(ve o)-.2 H .719(mitted, misspelled, misattrib)
.15 F .719(uted, or otherwise missed.)-.2 F .72(At this point, I)5.72 F 1.093
(suspect that at least a hundred people ha)87 404.4 R 1.393 -.15(ve c)-.2 H
(ontrib).15 E 1.093(uted code, and man)-.2 F 3.592(ym)-.15 G 1.092(ore ha)
393.524 404.4 R 1.392 -.15(ve c)-.2 H(ontrib).15 E 1.092(uted ideas,)-.2 F
1.533(comments, and encouragement.)87 416.4 R(I')6.534 E 1.834 -.15(ve t)-.5 H
1.534(ried to list them in the RELEASE_NO).15 F 1.534(TES in the distrib)-.4 F
(ution)-.2 E(directory)87 428.4 Q 5(.I)-.65 G(appreciate their contrib)135.78
428.4 Q(ution as well.)-.2 E .743(Special thanks are reserv)112 444.6 R .743
(ed for Michael Corrig)-.15 F .742(an and Christophe W)-.05 F .742
(olfhugel, who besides being)-.8 F -.1(wo)87 456.6 S 5.714
(nderful guinea pigs and contrib).1 F 5.714(utors ha)-.2 F 6.015 -.15(ve a)-.2
H 5.715(lso consented to be added to the `).15 F(`send-)-.74 E(mail@CS.Berk)87
468.6 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU').65 E 3.335('l)-.74 G .835
(ist and, by answering the b)199.005 468.6 R .835
(ulk of the questions sent to that list, ha)-.2 F 1.134 -.15(ve f)-.2 H(reed)
.15 E(me up to do other w)87 480.6 Q(ork.)-.1 E EP
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/F0 12/Times-Bold@0 SF 3(APPENDIX A)257.172 98.4 R(COMMAND LINE FLA)224.832
141.6 Q(GS)-.66 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(Ar)97 201 Q
(guments must be presented with \215ags before addresses.)-.18 E
(The \215ags are:)5 E<ad62>72 217.2 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(x)A F1
(Set operation mode to)144 217.2 Q F2(x)2.5 E F1 5(.O)C(peration modes are:)
253.71 217.2 Q 12.22(mD)184 233.4 S(eli)211.22 233.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rm)
.15 G(ail \(def)243.87 233.4 Q(ault\))-.1 E 16.11(sS)184 245.4 S
(peak SMTP on input side)209.56 245.4 Q 8.06(a\207 `)184 257.4 R -.8(`A)-.74 G
(rpanet').8 E 2.5('m)-.74 G(ode \(get en)257.53 257.4 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G
(lope sender information from header\)).15 E 15(dR)184 269.4 S(un as a daemon)
210.67 269.4 Q 17.22(tR)184 281.4 S(un in test mode)210.67 281.4 Q 15(vJ)184
293.4 S(ust v)207.89 293.4 Q(erify addresses, don')-.15 E 2.5(tc)-.18 G
(ollect or deli)319.48 293.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E 17.22(iI)184 305.4 S
(nitialize the alias database)207.33 305.4 Q 15(pP)184 317.4 S
(rint the mail queue)209.56 317.4 Q<ad42>72 337.8 Q F2(type)A F1
(Indicate body type.)144 337.8 Q<ad43>72 354 Q F2(\214le)A F1 .946(Use a dif)
144 354 R .946(ferent con\214guration \214le.)-.25 F F2(Sendmail)5.946 E F1
.946(runs as the in)3.446 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .946(king user \(rather than root\)).2
F(when this \215ag is speci\214ed.)144 366 Q<ad64>72 382.2 Q F2(le)A(vel)-.15 E
F1(Set deb)144 382.2 Q(ugging le)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(l.).15 E<ad66>72 398.4 Q
F2(addr)2.5 E F1(The sender')144 398.4 Q 2.5(sm)-.55 G(achine address is)205.1
398.4 Q F2(addr)2.5 E F1(.)A<ad46>72 414.6 Q F2(name)A F1
(Sets the full name of this user to)144 414.6 Q F2(name)2.5 E F1(.)A<ad68>72
430.8 Q F2(cnt)2.5 E F1 .726(Sets the \231hop count\232 to)144 430.8 R F2(cnt)
3.226 E F1 5.725(.T)C .725
(his represents the number of times this message has been)269.455 430.8 R .02
(processed by)144 442.8 R F2(sendmail)2.52 E F1 .02(\(to the e)2.52 F .02
(xtent that it is supported by the underlying netw)-.15 F(orks\).)-.1 E F2(Cnt)
5.02 E F1 1.521
(is incremented during processing, and if it reaches MAXHOP \(currently 30\))
144 454.8 R F2(sendmail)4.02 E F1(thro)144 466.8 Q(ws a)-.25 E -.1(wa)-.15 G
2.5(yt).1 G(he message with an error)199.6 466.8 Q(.)-.55 E 58.86(\255n Don')72
483 R 2.5(td)-.18 G 2.5(oa)174.65 483 S(liasing or forw)186.59 483 Q(arding.)
-.1 E<ad72>72 499.2 Q F2(addr)2.5 E F1(An obsolete form of)144 499.2 Q/F3 10
/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad66>2.5 E F1(.)A<ad6f>72 515.4 Q F2 1.666(xv)C(alue)-1.666 E
F1(Set option)144 515.4 Q F2(x)2.5 E F1(to the speci\214ed)2.5 E F2(value)2.5 E
F1 5(.T)C(hese options are described in Section 5.6.)292.6 515.4 Q<ad4f>72
531.6 Q F2(option)A F3(=)A F2(value)A F1(Set)6.22 E F2(option)5.173 E F1 2.674
(to the speci\214ed)5.173 F F2(value)5.174 E F1 2.674
(\(for long form option names\).)5.174 F 2.674(These options are)7.674 F
(described in Section 5.6.)144 543.6 Q<ad4d>72 559.8 Q F2 1.666(xv)C 27.204
(alue Set)-1.666 F(macr)2.5 E 2.5(oxt)-.45 G 2.5(ot)196.04 559.8 S
(he speci\214ed value)206.32 559.8 Q(.)-.15 E F1<ad70>72 576 Q F2(pr)A(otocol)
-.45 E F1 .401(Set the sending protocol.)144 576 R .401
(Programs are encouraged to set this.)5.401 F .4(The protocol \214eld can be)
5.401 F .114(in the form)144 588 R F2(pr)2.614 E(otocol)-.45 E F3(:)A F2(host)A
F1 .114(to set both the sending protocol and sending host.)2.614 F -.15(Fo)
5.115 G 2.615(re).15 G(xample,)472.06 588 Q 2.147(\231\255pUUCP:uunet\232 sets\
 the sending protocol to UUCP and the sending host to uunet.)144 600 R .973
(\(Some e)144 612 R .974
(xisting programs use \255oM to set the r and s macros; this is equi)-.15 F
-.25(va)-.25 G .974(lent to using).25 F(\255p.\))144 624 Q<ad71>72 640.2 Q F2
(time)A F1 -.35(Tr)144 640.2 S 3.168(yt).35 G 3.167(op)164.038 640.2 S .667
(rocess the queued up mail.)177.205 640.2 R .667(If the time is gi)5.667 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G .667(n, a).15 F F2(sendmail)3.167 E F1 .667(will run through the)
3.167 F(queue at the speci\214ed interv)144 652.2 Q(al to deli)-.25 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G 2.5(rq).15 G(ueued mail; otherwise, it only runs once.)310.82 652.2 Q
<ad71>72 668.4 Q F2(Xstring)A F1 .312
(Run the queue once, limiting the jobs to those matching)144 668.4 R F2
(Xstring)2.813 E F1 5.313(.T)C .313(he k)416.325 668.4 R .613 -.15(ey l)-.1 H
(etter).15 E F2(X)2.813 E F1 .313(can be)2.813 F F3(I)144 680.4 Q F1 .671
(to limit based on queue identi\214er)3.171 F(,)-.4 E F3(R)3.171 E F1 .67
(to limit based on recipient, or)3.171 F F3(S)3.17 E F1 .67(to limit based on)
3.17 F .32 LW 76 690 72 690 DL 80 690 76 690 DL 84 690 80 690 DL 88 690 84 690
DL 92 690 88 690 DL 96 690 92 690 DL 100 690 96 690 DL 104 690 100 690 DL 108
690 104 690 DL 112 690 108 690 DL 116 690 112 690 DL 120 690 116 690 DL 124 690
120 690 DL 128 690 124 690 DL 132 690 128 690 DL 136 690 132 690 DL 140 690 136
690 DL 144 690 140 690 DL 148 690 144 690 DL 152 690 148 690 DL 156 690 152 690
DL 160 690 156 690 DL 164 690 160 690 DL 168 690 164 690 DL 172 690 168 690 DL
176 690 172 690 DL 180 690 176 690 DL 184 690 180 690 DL 188 690 184 690 DL 192
690 188 690 DL 196 690 192 690 DL 200 690 196 690 DL 204 690 200 690 DL 208 690
204 690 DL 212 690 208 690 DL 216 690 212 690 DL/F4 8/Times-Roman@0 SF
(\207Deprecated.)93.6 702 Q F3(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 756
Q(SMM:08-65)452.9 756 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-66 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(sender)144 96 Q
6.053(.A)-.55 G 1.054
(particular queued job is accepted if one of the corresponding addresses con-)
188.876 96 R(tains the indicated)144 108 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(string)2.5 E
F1(.)A 61.08(\255t Read)72 124.2 R .752(the header for \231T)3.252 F .752
(o:\232, \231Cc:\232, and \231Bcc:\232 lines, and send to e)-.8 F -.15(ve)-.25
G .752(ryone listed in those).15 F 2.539(lists. The)144 136.2 R .039
(\231Bcc:\232 line will be deleted before sending.)2.539 F(An)5.039 E 2.539(ya)
-.15 G .04(ddresses in the ar)385.31 136.2 R .04(gument v)-.18 F(ec-)-.15 E
(tor will be deleted from the send list.)144 148.2 Q<ad58>72 164.4 Q F2(lo)3.18
E(g\214le)-.1 E F1 .68(Log all traf)144.68 164.4 R .68(\214c in and out of)-.25
F F2(sendmail)3.179 E F1 .679(in the indicated)3.179 F F2(lo)3.179 E(g\214le)
-.1 E F1 .679(for deb)3.179 F .679(ugging mailer prob-)-.2 F 2.5(lems. This)144
176.4 R(produces a lot of data v)2.5 E
(ery quickly and should be used sparingly)-.15 E(.)-.65 E .637
(There are a number of options that may be speci\214ed as primiti)97 192.6 R
.938 -.15(ve \215)-.25 H 3.138(ags. These).15 F .638(are the e, i, m, and v)
3.138 F 2.5(options. Also,)72 204.6 R(the f option may be speci\214ed as the)
2.5 E F0<ad73>2.5 E F1(\215ag.)2.5 E EP
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/F0 12/Times-Bold@0 SF 3(APPENDIX B)250.002 98.4 R -.12(QU)220.29 141.6 S
(EUE FILE FORMA).12 E(TS)-1.14 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .292
(This appendix describes the format of the queue \214les.)97 201 R .292
(These \214les li)5.292 F .592 -.15(ve i)-.25 H 2.792(nt).15 G .291
(he directory de\214ned by the)395.636 201 R/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Q)72 213 Q
F1(option in the)2.5 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1
(\214le, usually)2.5 E F3(/var/spool/mqueue)2.5 E F1(or)2.5 E F3
(/usr/spool/mqueue)2.5 E F1(.)A .229(All queue \214les ha)97 229.2 R .529 -.15
(ve t)-.2 H .229(he name).15 F F3(x)2.729 E F2(f)1.666 E F3(AAA99999)A F1
(where)2.73 E F3(AAA99999)2.73 E F1 .23(is the)2.73 F F3(id)2.73 E F1 .23
(for this message and the)2.73 F F3(x)2.73 E F1 .23(is a)2.73 F 3.601
(type. The)72 241.2 R 1.101
(\214rst letter of the id encodes the hour of the day that the message w)3.601
F 1.101(as recei)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.601(db).15 G 3.601(yt)451.798 241.2 S
1.101(he system)463.179 241.2 R .551
(\(with A being the hour between midnight and 1:00AM\).)72 253.2 R .552
(All \214les with the same id collecti)5.552 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .552
(ly de\214ne one).15 F(message.)72 265.2 Q(The types are:)97 281.4 Q 31(dT)72
297.6 S(he data \214le.)114.11 297.6 Q(The message body \(e)5 E
(xcluding the header\) is k)-.15 E(ept in this \214le.)-.1 E 31(qT)72 313.8 S
(he queue control \214le.)114.11 313.8 Q
(This \214le contains the information necessary to process the job)5 E(.)-.4 E
33.22(tA)72 330 S .345(temporary \214le.)118.065 330 R .344
(These are an image of the)5.345 F F2(qf)2.844 E F1 .344
(\214le when it is being reb)2.844 F 2.844(uilt. It)-.2 F .344
(should be renamed)2.844 F(to a)108 342 Q F2(qf)2.5 E F1(\214le v)2.5 E
(ery quickly)-.15 E(.)-.65 E 31(xA)72 358.2 S .566(transcript \214le, e)118.286
358.2 R .567(xisting during the life of a session sho)-.15 F .567(wing e)-.25 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G .567(rything that happens during that).15 F(session.)108 370.2 Q
(The)97 386.4 Q F2(qf)3.334 E F1 .834
(\214le is structured as a series of lines each be)3.334 F .833
(ginning with a code letter)-.15 F 5.833(.T)-.55 G .833(he lines are as fol-)
427.358 386.4 R(lo)72 398.4 Q(ws:)-.25 E 28.78(VT)72 414.6 S .819(he v)114.11
414.6 R .819(ersion number of the queue \214le format, used to allo)-.15 F 3.32
(wn)-.25 G -.25(ew)359.35 414.6 S F3(sendmail)3.57 E F1 .82
(binaries to read queue)3.32 F .004(\214les created by older v)108 426.6 R
2.504(ersions. Def)-.15 F .004(aults to v)-.1 F .004(ersion zero.)-.15 F .004
(Must be the \214rst line of the \214le if present.)5.004 F 28.78(HA)72 442.8 S
.329(header de\214nition.)118.049 442.8 R .329(There may be an)5.329 F 2.829
(yn)-.15 G .329(umber of these lines.)274.283 442.8 R .33
(The order is important: the)5.33 F 2.83(yr)-.15 G(epre-)483.46 442.8 Q .046
(sent the order in the \214nal message.)108 454.8 R .046
(These use the same syntax as header de\214nitions in the con\214gu-)5.046 F
(ration \214le.)108 466.8 Q 29.33(CT)72 483 S .575(he controlling address.)
114.11 483 R .575(The syntax is \231localuser:aliasname\232.)5.575 F .575
(Recipient addresses follo)5.575 F .575(wing this)-.25 F 2.814
(line will be \215agged so that deli)108 495 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.814
(ries will be run as the).15 F F3(localuser)5.314 E F1 2.814
(\(a user name from the)5.314 F .561(/etc/passwd \214le\);)108 507 R F3
(aliasname)3.061 E F1 .561(is the name of the alias that e)3.061 F .562
(xpanded to this address \(used for print-)-.15 F(ing messages\).)108 519 Q
28.78(QT)72 535.2 S .798(he `)114.11 535.2 R .798(`original recipient')-.74 F
.798(', speci\214ed by the ORCPT= \214eld in an ESMTP transaction.)-.74 F .797
(Used e)5.797 F(xclu-)-.15 E(si)108 547.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly for Deli).15 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G(ry Status Noti\214cations.).15 E
(It applies only to the immediately follo)5 E(wing `R' line.)-.25 E 29.33(RA)72
563.4 S .705(recipient address.)118.425 563.4 R .705
(This will normally be completely aliased, b)5.705 F .705
(ut is actually realiased when the)-.2 F .493(job is processed.)108 575.4 R
.492(There will be one line for each recipient.)5.493 F -1.11(Ve)5.492 G .492
(rsion 1 qf \214les also include a lead-)1.11 F .689(ing colon-terminated list\
 of \215ags, which can be `S' to return a message on successful \214nal deli)
108 587.4 R(v-)-.25 E(ery)108 599.4 Q 3.328(,`)-.65 G .828
(F' to return a message on f)129.278 599.4 R .828
(ailure, `D' to return a message if the message is delayed, `B' to)-.1 F .94
(indicate that the body should be returned, `N' to suppress returning the body)
108 611.4 R 3.441(,a)-.65 G .941(nd `P' to declare)434.807 611.4 R(this as a `)
108 623.4 Q(`primary')-.74 E 2.5('\()-.74 G
(command line or SMTP-session\) address.)192.05 623.4 Q 30.44(ST)72 639.6 S
(he sender address.)114.11 639.6 Q(There may only be one of these lines.)5 E
29.89(TT)72 655.8 S(he job creation time.)114.11 655.8 Q
(This is used to compute when to time out the job)5 E(.)-.4 E 30.44(PT)72 672 S
.114(he current message priority)114.11 672 R 5.114(.T)-.65 G .113
(his is used to order the queue.)236.666 672 R .113(Higher numbers mean lo)
5.113 F .113(wer priori-)-.25 F 3.676(ties. The)108 684 R 1.176
(priority changes as the message sits in the queue.)3.676 F 1.177
(The initial priority depends on the)6.176 F
(message class and the size of the message.)108 696 Q 27.11(MA)72 712.2 S 2.704
(message. This)117.924 712.2 R .204(line is printed by the)2.704 F F3(mailq)
2.704 E F1 .203(command, and is generally used to store status infor)2.704 F(-)
-.2 E 2.5(mation. It)108 724.2 R(can contain an)2.5 E 2.5(yt)-.15 G -.15(ex)
219.78 724.2 S(t.).15 E F2(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 756 Q
(SMM:08-67)452.9 756 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-68 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 30.44(FF)72 96 S
.043(lag bits, represented as one letter per \215ag.)113.56 96 R .043
(De\214ned \215ag bits are)5.043 F F0(r)2.543 E F1 .044
(indicating that this is a response)2.544 F .143(message and)108 108 R F0(w)
2.643 E F1 .143(indicating that a w)2.643 F .142
(arning message has been sent announcing that the mail has been)-.1 F(delayed.)
108 120 Q 28.78(NT)72 136.2 S(he total number of deli)114.11 136.2 Q -.15(ve)
-.25 G(ry attempts.).15 E 28.78(KT)72 152.4 S
(he time \(as seconds since January 1, 1970\) of the last deli)114.11 152.4 Q
-.15(ve)-.25 G(ry attempt.).15 E 32.67(IT)72 168.6 S .724
(he i-number of the data \214le; this can be used to reco)114.11 168.6 R -.15
(ve)-.15 G 3.225(ry).15 G .725(our mail queue after a disastrous disk)350.23
168.6 R(crash.)108 180.6 Q 31($A)72 196.8 S .83(macro de\214nition.)118.55
196.8 R .83(The v)5.83 F .829
(alues of certain macros \(as of this writing, only)-.25 F F0($r)3.329 E F1
(and)3.329 E F0($s)3.329 E F1 3.329(\)a)C .829(re passed)466.241 196.8 R
(through to the queue run phase.)108 208.8 Q 29.33(BT)72 225 S .924
(he body type.)114.11 225 R .925(The remainder of the line is a te)5.924 F .925
(xt string de\214ning the body type.)-.15 F .925(If this \214eld is)5.925 F
.009(missing, the body type is assumed to be \231unde\214ned\232 and no specia\
l processing is attempted.)108 237 R(Le)5.008 E -.05(ga)-.15 G(l).05 E -.25(va)
108 249 S(lues are \2317BIT\232 and \2318BITMIME\232.).25 E 28.78(OT)72 265.2 S
(he original MTS v)114.11 265.2 Q(alue \(from the ESMTP transaction\).)-.25 E
-.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(rD).15 G(eli)359.52 265.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rS).15 G
(tatus Noti\214cations only)389.95 265.2 Q(.)-.65 E 29.89(ZT)72 281.4 S
(he original en)114.11 281.4 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G
(lope id \(from the ESMTP transaction\).).15 E -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(rD).15 G(eli)
360.88 281.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rS).15 G(tatus Noti\214cations only)391.31
281.4 Q(.)-.65 E 4.072(As an e)97 297.6 R 4.072(xample, the follo)-.15 F 4.073
(wing is a queue \214le sent to \231eric@mammoth.Berk)-.25 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)
-.15 G 4.073(EDU\232 and).65 F(\231bostic@ok)72 311.6 Q(eef)-.1 E(fe.CS.Berk)
-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\232).65 E/F2 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(1)219.09
307.6 Q F1(:)222.59 311.6 Q(P835771)112 327.8 Q(T404261372)112 339.8 Q(Seric)
112 351.8 Q(Ceric:sendmail@v)112 363.8 Q(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65
(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(Reric@mammoth.Berk)112 375.8 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G
(EDU).65 E(Rbostic@ok)112 387.8 Q(eef)-.1 E(fe.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65
(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(H?P?return-path: <o)112 399.8 Q(wner)-.25 E(-sendmail@v)
-.2 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU>).65 E(Hrecei)112
411.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(d: by v).15 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)
-.15 G(EDU \(5.108/2.7\) id AAA06703;).65 E(Fri, 17 Jul 92 00:28:55 -0700)132
423.8 Q(Hrecei)112 435.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(d: from mail.CS.Berk).15 E(ele)-.1 E
-.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU by v).65 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G
(EDU \(5.108/2.7\)).65 E(id AAA06698; Fri, 17 Jul 92 00:28:54 -0700)132 447.8 Q
(Hrecei)112 459.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(d: from [128.32.31.21] by mail.CS.Berk).15 E
(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU \(5.96/2.5\)).65 E
(id AA22777; Fri, 17 Jul 92 03:29:14 -0400)132 471.8 Q(Hrecei)112 483.8 Q -.15
(ve)-.25 G(d: by foo.bar).15 E(.baz.de \(5.57/Ultrix3.0-C\))-.55 E
(id AA22757; Fri, 17 Jul 92 09:31:25 GMT)132 495.8 Q(H?F?from: eric@foo.bar)112
507.8 Q(.baz.de \(Eric Allman\))-.55 E(H?x?full-name: Eric Allman)112 519.8 Q
(Hmessage-id: <9207170931.AA22757@foo.bar)112 531.8 Q(.baz.de>)-.55 E(HT)112
543.8 Q(o: sendmail@v)-.8 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU)
.65 E(Hsubject: this is an e)112 555.8 Q(xample message)-.15 E .657(This sho)72
572 R .658(ws the person who sent the message, the submission time \(in second\
s since January 1, 1970\), the)-.25 F(message priority)72 584 Q 2.5(,t)-.65 G
(he message class, the recipients, and the headers for the message.)145.51 584
Q .32 LW 76 669.2 72 669.2 DL 80 669.2 76 669.2 DL 84 669.2 80 669.2 DL 88
669.2 84 669.2 DL 92 669.2 88 669.2 DL 96 669.2 92 669.2 DL 100 669.2 96 669.2
DL 104 669.2 100 669.2 DL 108 669.2 104 669.2 DL 112 669.2 108 669.2 DL 116
669.2 112 669.2 DL 120 669.2 116 669.2 DL 124 669.2 120 669.2 DL 128 669.2 124
669.2 DL 132 669.2 128 669.2 DL 136 669.2 132 669.2 DL 140 669.2 136 669.2 DL
144 669.2 140 669.2 DL 148 669.2 144 669.2 DL 152 669.2 148 669.2 DL 156 669.2
152 669.2 DL 160 669.2 156 669.2 DL 164 669.2 160 669.2 DL 168 669.2 164 669.2
DL 172 669.2 168 669.2 DL 176 669.2 172 669.2 DL 180 669.2 176 669.2 DL 184
669.2 180 669.2 DL 188 669.2 184 669.2 DL 192 669.2 188 669.2 DL 196 669.2 192
669.2 DL 200 669.2 196 669.2 DL 204 669.2 200 669.2 DL 208 669.2 204 669.2 DL
212 669.2 208 669.2 DL 216 669.2 212 669.2 DL/F3 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(1)93.6
679.6 Q/F4 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .719(This e)3.2 J .719(xample is contri)-.12 F
-.12(ve)-.2 G 2.719(da).12 G .719(nd probably inaccurate for your en)186.968
682.8 R 2.719(vironment. Glance)-.32 F -.12(ove)2.718 G 2.718(ri).12 G 2.718
(tt)384.998 682.8 S 2.718(og)392.164 682.8 S .718
(et an idea; nothing can replace)402.882 682.8 R(looking at what your o)72
692.4 Q(wn system generates.)-.2 E EP
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/F0 12/Times-Bold@0 SF 3(APPENDIX C)249.672 98.4 R(SUMMAR)198.282 141.6 Q 3(YO)
-.42 G 3(FS)274.182 141.6 S(UPPOR)291.186 141.6 Q 3(TF)-.48 G(ILES)350.37 141.6
Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.52(This is a summary of the support \214les that)97
201 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)4.019 E F1 1.519(creates or generates.)
4.019 F(Man)6.519 E 4.019(yo)-.15 G 4.019(ft)444.743 201 S 1.519(hese can be)
454.872 201 R(changed by editing the sendmail.cf \214le; check there to \214nd\
 the actual pathnames.)72 213 Q(/usr/sbin/sendmail)72 229.2 Q(The binary of)144
241.2 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(.)A(/usr/bin/ne)72 257.4 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1
E 3.734(Al)144 269.4 S 1.235
(ink to /usr/sbin/sendmail; causes the alias database to be reb)157.734 269.4 R
3.735(uilt. Running)-.2 F 1.235(this pro-)3.735 F(gram is completely equi)144
281.4 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to gi).25 E(ving)-.25 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(the)
2.5 E/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(\255bi)2.5 E F1(\215ag.)2.5 E 13.38
(/usr/bin/mailq Prints)72 297.6 R 3.703(al)3.703 G 1.203
(isting of the mail queue.)181.966 297.6 R 1.202(This program is equi)6.203 F
-.25(va)-.25 G 1.202(lent to using the).25 F F3(\255bp)3.702 E F1 1.202
(\215ag to)3.702 F F2(sendmail)144 309.6 Q F1(.)A 5.9(/etc/sendmail.cf The)72
325.8 R(con\214guration \214le, in te)2.5 E(xtual form.)-.15 E
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(/v)72 499.2 Q(ar/spool/mqueue/qf*)-.25 E
(Control \(queue\) \214les for messages.)144 511.2 Q(/v)72 527.4 Q
(ar/spool/mqueue/df*)-.25 E(Data \214les.)144 539.4 Q(/v)72 555.6 Q
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72 583.8 Q(ar/spool/mqueue/xf*)-.25 E 2.5(At)144 595.8 S
(ranscript of the current session.)156.5 595.8 Q F3
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