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(This should install the binary in /usr/sbin and create links from /usr/bin/ne)
117 170.6 R -.1(wa)-.25 G 3.346(liases and).1 F 1.577
(/usr/bin/mailq to /usr/sbin/sendmail.)117 182.6 R 1.577
(On 4.4BSD systems it will also format and install man)6.577 F(pages.)117 194.6
Q F0 2.5(1.2. Con\214guration)87 218.6 R(Files)2.5 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
(Sendmail)127 234.8 Q F1 .355(cannot operate without a con\214guration \214le.)
2.855 F .355(The con\214guration de\214nes the mail sys-)5.355 F .286
(tems understood at this site, ho)102 246.8 R 2.786(wt)-.25 G 2.786(oa)239.856
246.8 S .286(ccess them, ho)252.082 246.8 R 2.786(wt)-.25 G 2.786(of)323.79
246.8 S(orw)334.906 246.8 Q .286(ard email to remote mail systems, and)-.1 F
3.113(an)102 258.8 S .613(umber of tuning parameters.)114.553 258.8 R .614
(This con\214guration \214le is detailed in the later portion of this docu-)
5.614 F(ment.)102 270.8 Q(The)127 287 Q F3(sendmail)2.764 E F1 .264
(con\214guration can be daunting at \214rst.)2.764 F .264(The w)5.264 F .264
(orld is comple)-.1 F .264(x, and the mail con-)-.15 F .108
(\214guration re\215ects that.)102 299 R .108(The distrib)5.108 F .109
(ution includes an m4-based con\214guration package that hides a lot)-.2 F
(of the comple)102 311 Q(xity)-.15 E(.)-.65 E .47
(These con\214guration \214les are simpler than old v)127 327.2 R .47
(ersions lar)-.15 F .47(gely because the w)-.18 F .47(orld has become)-.1 F
1.448(simpler; in particular)102 339.2 R 3.948(,t)-.4 G -.15(ex)197.604 339.2 S
1.448(t-based host \214les are of).15 F 1.449(\214cially eliminated, ob)-.25 F
1.449(viating the need to \231hide\232)-.15 F(hosts behind a re)102 351.2 Q
(gistered internet g)-.15 E(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G -.65(y.).1 G .092(These \
\214les also assume that most of your neighbors use domain-based UUCP addressi\
ng; that)127 367.4 R .361(is, instead of naming hosts as \231host!user\232 the)
102 379.4 R 2.861(yw)-.15 G .361(ill use \231host.domain!user\232.)299.435
379.4 R .361(The con\214guration \214les)5.361 F(can be customized to w)102
391.4 Q(ork around this, b)-.1 E(ut it is more comple)-.2 E(x.)-.15 E 2.828(Ih)
127 407.6 S -2.25 -.2(av e)138.158 407.6 T(n').2 E 2.828(tt)-.18 G .328
(ested these yet on an isolated LAN en)168.226 407.6 R .328
(vironment with a single UUCP connection to)-.4 F 4.408(the outside w)102 419.6
R 6.908(orld. If)-.1 F 4.409(you are in such an en)6.908 F 4.409
(vironment, please send comments to send-)-.4 F(mail@CS.Berk)102 431.6 Q(ele)
-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU.).65 E .658
(Our con\214guration \214les are processed by)127 447.8 R F3(m4)3.158 E F1 .658
(to f)3.158 F .657(acilitate local customization; the directory)-.1 F F3(cf)
3.157 E F1 .396(of the)102 459.8 R F3(sendmail)2.896 E F1(distrib)2.896 E .396
(ution directory contains the source \214les.)-.2 F .396
(This directory contains se)5.396 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .397(ral sub-).15 F
(directories:)102 471.8 Q 61.73(cf Both)102 488 R .56
(site-dependent and site-independent descriptions of hosts.)3.06 F .56
(These can be lit-)5.56 F .445(eral host names \(e.g., \231ucb)174 500 R -.25
(va)-.15 G .445(x.mc\232\) when the hosts are g).25 F(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G
.445(ys or more general).1 F 3.589(descriptions \(such as \231tcpproto.mc\232 \
as a general description of an SMTP-)174 512 R .536(connected host or \231uucp\
proto.mc\232 as a general description of a UUCP-connected)174 524 R 3.291
(host\). Files)174 536 R(ending)3.291 E F0(.mc)3.291 E F1(\(`)3.291 E .791
(`Master Con\214guration')-.74 F .791('\) are the input descriptions; the)-.74
F 2.14(output is in the corresponding)174 548 R F0(.cf)4.64 E F1 4.64
(\214le. The)4.64 F 2.14(general structure of these \214les is)4.64 F
(described belo)174 560 Q -.65(w.)-.25 G 39.5(domain Site-dependent)102 576.2 R
.428(subdomain descriptions.)2.928 F .428(These are tied to the w)5.428 F .428
(ay your or)-.1 F -.05(ga)-.18 G(niza-).05 E .292(tion w)174 588.2 R .292
(ants to do addressing.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)5.292 G 2.792(re).15 G(xample,)313.122
588.2 Q F0(domain/cs.exposed.m4)2.792 E F1 .292(is our descrip-)2.792 F .443
(tion for hosts in the CS.Berk)174 600.2 R(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G .443
(EDU subdomain that w).65 F .442(ant their indi)-.1 F .442(vidual host-)-.25 F
.962(name to be e)174 612.2 R .963(xternally visible;)-.15 F F0
(domain/cs.hidden.m4)3.463 E F1 .963(is the same e)3.463 F .963(xcept that the)
-.15 F 2.628(hostname is hidden \(e)174 624.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.628
(rything looks lik).15 F 5.128(ei)-.1 G 5.128(tc)362.038 624.2 S 2.627
(omes from CS.Berk)374.386 624.2 R(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\).).65 E
(These are referenced using the)174 636.2 Q/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(DOMAIN)2.5 E
F0(m4)2.5 E F1(macro in the)2.5 E F0(.mc)2.5 E F1(\214le.)2.5 E 41.74
(feature De\214nitions)102 652.4 R .728
(of speci\214c features that some particular host in your site might w)3.228 F
(ant.)-.1 E 2.467(These are referenced using the)174 664.4 R F4(FEA)4.966 E
(TURE)-.999 E F0(m4)4.966 E F1 4.966(macro. An)4.966 F -.15(ex)4.966 G 2.466
(ample feature is).15 F 1.316(use_cw_\214le \(which tells)174 676.4 R F3
(sendmail)3.816 E F1 1.317(to read an /etc/sendmail.cw \214le on startup to)
3.816 F .32 LW 76 686 72 686 DL 80 686 76 686 DL 84 686 80 686 DL 88 686 84 686
DL 92 686 88 686 DL 96 686 92 686 DL 100 686 96 686 DL 104 686 100 686 DL 108
686 104 686 DL 112 686 108 686 DL 116 686 112 686 DL 120 686 116 686 DL 124 686
120 686 DL 128 686 124 686 DL 132 686 128 686 DL 136 686 132 686 DL 140 686 136
686 DL 144 686 140 686 DL 148 686 144 686 DL 152 686 148 686 DL 156 686 152 686
DL 160 686 156 686 DL 164 686 160 686 DL 168 686 164 686 DL 172 686 168 686 DL
176 686 172 686 DL 180 686 176 686 DL 184 686 180 686 DL 188 686 184 686 DL 192
686 188 686 DL 196 686 192 686 DL 200 686 196 686 DL 204 686 200 686 DL 208 686
204 686 DL 212 686 208 686 DL 216 686 212 686 DL/F5 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(1)93.6
696.4 Q/F6 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(where you may ha)3.2 I .24 -.12(ve t)-.16 H 2(or)
.12 G(eplace \231mak)175.132 699.6 Q(e\232 with \231mak)-.08 E 2<65ad>-.08 G 2
(fM)267.452 699.6 S(ak)279.228 699.6 Q(e\214le.dist\232 as appropriate.)-.08 E
EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-9)457.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(\214nd the set of local names\).)
174 96 Q 50.62(hack Local)102 112.2 R 1.886(hacks, referenced using the)4.387 F
/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(HA)4.386 E(CK)-.36 E F0(m4)4.386 E F1 4.386(macro. T)
4.386 F 1.886(ry to a)-.35 F -.2(vo)-.2 G 1.886(id these.).2 F(The)6.886 E
(point of ha)174 124.2 Q(ving them here is to mak)-.2 E 2.5(ei)-.1 G 2.5(tc)
325.91 124.2 S(lear that the)335.63 124.2 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G(mell.)394.08 124.2 Q
56.72(m4 Site-independent)102 140.4 R/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(m4)2.538 E F1
.038(\(1\) include \214les that ha)B .338 -.15(ve i)-.2 H .038
(nformation common to all con\214gu-).15 F(ration \214les.)174 152.4 Q
(This can be thought of as a \231#include\232 directory)5 E(.)-.65 E 43.95
(mailer De\214nitions)102 168.6 R .918(of mailers, referenced using the)3.418 F
F2(MAILER)3.417 E F0(m4)3.417 E F1 3.417(macro. De\214ned)3.417 F(mailer)3.417
E(types in this distrib)174 180.6 Q(ution are f)-.2 E
(ax, local, smtp, uucp, and usenet.)-.1 E 43.39(ostype De\214nitions)102 196.8
R 1.156(describing v)3.656 F 1.157(arious operating system en)-.25 F 1.157
(vironments \(such as the loca-)-.4 F(tion of support \214les\).)174 208.8 Q
(These are referenced using the)5 E F2(OSTYPE)2.5 E F0(m4)2.5 E F1(macro.)2.5 E
60.61(sh Shell)102 225 R(\214les used by the)2.5 E F0(m4)2.5 E F1 -.2(bu)2.5 G
(ild process.).2 E -1.1(Yo)5 G 2.5(us)1.1 G(houldn')362.97 225 Q 2.5(th)-.18 G
-2.25 -.2(av e)404.18 225 T(to mess with these.)2.7 E 30.61(sitecon\214g Local)
102 241.2 R .49(site con\214guration information, such as UUCP connecti)2.99 F
(vity)-.25 E 5.49(.T)-.65 G(he)450.61 241.2 Q 2.99(yn)-.15 G(ormally)472.89
241.2 Q(contain lists of site information, for e)174 253.2 Q(xample:)-.15 E
(SITE\(contessa\))214 269.4 Q(SITE\(hoptoad\))214 281.4 Q(SITE\(nkainc\))214
293.4 Q(SITE\(well\))214 305.4 Q(The)174 321.6 Q 2.5(ya)-.15 G
(re referenced using the SITECONFIG macro:)201.34 321.6 Q
(SITECONFIG\(site.con\214g.\214le, name_of_site, X\))214 337.8 Q(where)174 354
Q F3(X)2.703 E F1 .203(is the macro/class name to use.)2.703 F .204
(It can be U \(indicating locally connected)5.204 F(hosts\) or one of W)174 366
Q 2.5(,X)-.92 G 2.5(,o)259.73 366 S 2.5(rYf)269.73 366 S
(or up to three remote UUCP hubs.)288.61 366 Q .757(If you are in a ne)127
382.2 R 3.257(wd)-.25 G .757(omain \(e.g., a compan)214.042 382.2 R .756
(y\), you will probably w)-.15 F .756(ant to create a cf/domain)-.1 F .87
(\214le for your domain.)102 394.2 R .871
(This consists primarily of relay de\214nitions: for e)5.871 F .871
(xample, Berk)-.15 F(ele)-.1 E(y')-.15 E 3.371(sd)-.55 G(omain)479 394.2 Q .16
(de\214nition de\214nes relays for BitNET)102 406.2 R 2.66(,C)-.74 G(SNET)
257.61 406.2 Q 2.66(,a)-.74 G .16(nd UUCP)291.47 406.2 R 5.16(.O)-1.11 G 2.66
(ft)344.57 406.2 S .16(hese, only the UUCP relay is particu-)353.34 406.2 R .46
(larly speci\214c to Berk)102 418.2 R(ele)-.1 E 4.26 -.65(y. A)-.15 H .46
(ll of these are internet-style domain names.).65 F .46(Please check to mak)
5.46 F 2.96(ec)-.1 G(er)493.1 418.2 Q(-)-.2 E(tain the)102 430.2 Q 2.5(ya)-.15
G(re reasonable for your domain.)143.51 430.2 Q 1.407(Subdomains at Berk)127
446.4 R(ele)-.1 E 3.907(ya)-.15 G 1.407
(re also represented in the cf/domain directory)235.681 446.4 R 6.406(.F)-.65 G
1.406(or e)439.408 446.4 R 1.406(xample, the)-.15 F 1.49(domain cs-e)102 458.4
R 1.491(xposed is the Computer Science subdomain with the local hostname sho)
-.15 F 1.491(wn to other)-.25 F 1.411(users; cs-hidden mak)102 470.4 R 1.411
(es users appear to be from the CS.Berk)-.1 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G 1.41
(EDU subdomain \(with no local).65 F 1.083(host information included\).)102
482.4 R -1.1(Yo)6.083 G 3.583(uw)1.1 G 1.083(ill probably ha)246.332 482.4 R
1.384 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 3.584(ou).15 G 1.084
(pdate this directory to be appropriate for)335.866 482.4 R(your domain.)102
494.4 Q -1.1(Yo)127 510.6 S 4.373(uw)1.1 G 1.873(ill ha)154.713 510.6 R 2.173
-.15(ve t)-.2 H 4.373(ou).15 G 1.873(se or create)207.482 510.6 R F0(.mc)4.372
E F1 1.872(\214les in the)4.372 F F3(cf/cf)4.372 E F1 1.872
(subdirectory for your hosts.)4.372 F 1.872(This is)6.872 F
(detailed in the cf/README \214le.)102 522.6 Q F0 2.5(1.3. Details)87 546.6 R
(of Installation Files)2.5 E F1
(This subsection describes the \214les that comprise the)127 562.8 Q F3
(sendmail)2.5 E F1(installation.)2.5 E F0 2.5(1.3.1. /usr/sbin/sendmail)102
586.8 R F1 .08(The binary for)142 605 R F3(sendmail)2.58 E F1 .079
(is located in /usr/sbin)2.58 F/F4 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(2)326.708 601 Q F1 5.079
(.I)330.208 605 S 2.579(ts)341.117 605 S .079(hould be setuid root.)350.366 605
R -.15(Fo)5.079 G 2.579(rs).15 G .079(ecurity rea-)458.111 605 R(sons, /, /usr)
117 619 Q 2.5(,a)-.4 G(nd /usr/sbin should be o)171.6 619 Q
(wned by root, mode 755)-.25 E F4(3)364.4 615 Q F1(.)367.9 619 Q .32 LW 76 646
72 646 DL 80 646 76 646 DL 84 646 80 646 DL 88 646 84 646 DL 92 646 88 646 DL
96 646 92 646 DL 100 646 96 646 DL 104 646 100 646 DL 108 646 104 646 DL 112
646 108 646 DL 116 646 112 646 DL 120 646 116 646 DL 124 646 120 646 DL 128 646
124 646 DL 132 646 128 646 DL 136 646 132 646 DL 140 646 136 646 DL 144 646 140
646 DL 148 646 144 646 DL 152 646 148 646 DL 156 646 152 646 DL 160 646 156 646
DL 164 646 160 646 DL 168 646 164 646 DL 172 646 168 646 DL 176 646 172 646 DL
180 646 176 646 DL 184 646 180 646 DL 188 646 184 646 DL 192 646 188 646 DL 196
646 192 646 DL 200 646 196 646 DL 204 646 200 646 DL 208 646 204 646 DL 212 646
208 646 DL 216 646 212 646 DL/F5 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(2)93.6 656.4 Q/F6 8
/Times-Roman@0 SF .384(This is usually /usr/sbin on 4.4BSD and ne)3.2 J .384
(wer systems; man)-.2 F 2.385(ys)-.12 G .385(ystems install it in /usr/lib)
302.957 659.6 R 4.385(.I)-.32 G .385(understand it is in /usr/ucblib on)398.739
659.6 R(System V Release 4.)72 669.2 Q F5(3)93.6 679.6 Q F6 .149(Some v)3.2 J
.15(endors ship them o)-.12 F .15
(wned by bin; this creates a security hole that is not actually related to)-.2
F/F7 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.15 E F6 4.15(.O)C .15(ther important di-)
447.26 682.8 R(rectories that should ha)72 692.4 Q .24 -.12(ve r)-.16 H
(estricti).12 E .24 -.12(ve o)-.2 H(wnerships and permissions are /bin, /usr/b\
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-10 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(1.3.2. /etc/sendmail.cf)102 96 R/F1
10/Times-Roman@0 SF .025(This is the con\214guration \214le for)142 112.2 R/F2
10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.525 E F1 5.025(.T)C .025
(his is the only non-library \214le name compiled)321.335 112.2 R(into)117
126.2 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(4)171.17 122.2 Q F1 5(.S)174.67
126.2 S(ome older systems install it in)187.73 126.2 Q F0(/usr/lib/sendmail.cf)
2.5 E F1(.)A(If you w)142 142.4 Q(ant to mo)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.15 H
(his \214le, change).15 E F2(sr)2.5 E(c/pathnames.h)-.37 E F1(.)A .721
(The con\214guration \214le is normally created using the distrib)142 158.6 R
.721(ution \214les described abo)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.72(.I).15 G(f)500.67
158.6 Q .64(you ha)117 170.6 R .94 -.15(ve a p)-.2 H .64
(articularly unusual system con\214guration you may need to create a special v)
.15 F(ersion.)-.15 E
(The format of this \214le is detailed in later sections of this document.)117
182.6 Q F0 2.5(1.3.3. /usr/bin/newaliases)102 206.6 R F1(The)142 222.8 Q F2(ne)
2.5 E(waliases)-.15 E F1(command should just be a link to)2.5 E F2(sendmail)2.5
E F1(:)A(rm \255f /usr/bin/ne)157 239 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E
(ln \255s /usr/sbin/sendmail /usr/bin/ne)157 251 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E
(This can be installed in whate)117 267.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rs).15 G
(earch path you prefer for your system.)254.91 267.2 Q F0 2.5(1.3.4. /v)102
291.2 R(ar/spool/mqueue)-.1 E F1 .218(The directory)142 307.4 R F2
(/var/spool/mqueue)2.718 E F1 .217(should be created to hold the mail queue.)
2.718 F .217(This directory)5.217 F(should be mode 700 and o)117 319.4 Q
(wned by root.)-.25 E(The actual path of this directory is de\214ned in the)142
335.6 Q F0(Q)2.5 E F1(option of the)2.5 E F2(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1(\214le.)2.5 E
F0 2.5(1.3.5. /etc/aliases*)102 359.6 R F1 1.492
(The system aliases are held in \231/etc/aliases\232.)142 375.8 R 3.992(As)
6.492 G 1.492(ample is gi)350.006 375.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.993(ni).15 G 3.993
<6e99>417.694 375.8 S 1.493(lib/aliases\232 which)431.127 375.8 R
(includes some aliases which)117 387.8 Q F2(must)2.5 E F1(be de\214ned:)2.5 E
(cp lib/aliases /etc/aliases)157 404 Q F2(edit /etc/aliases)157 416 Q F1 -1.1
(Yo)117 432.2 S 2.5(us)1.1 G(hould e)139.51 432.2 Q(xtend this \214le with an)
-.15 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(liases that are apropos to your system.)267.54 432.2 Q
(Normally)142 448.4 Q F2(sendmail)3.61 E F1 1.109(looks at a v)3.61 F 1.109
(ersion of these \214les maintained by the)-.15 F F2(dbm)3.609 E F1 1.109
(\(3\) or)1.666 F F2(db)3.609 E F1(\(3\))1.666 E 3.46(routines. These)117 460.4
R .96(are stored either in \231/etc/aliases.dir\232 and \231/etc/aliases.pag\
\232 or \231/etc/aliases.db\232)3.46 F 1.022
(depending on which database package you are using.)117 472.4 R 1.022
(These can initially be created as empty)6.022 F(\214les, b)117 484.4 Q(ut the)
-.2 E 2.5(yw)-.15 G(ill ha)180.54 484.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.5(ob).15 G 2.5
(ei)227.69 484.4 S(nitialized promptly)237.41 484.4 Q 5(.T)-.65 G
(hese should be mode 644:)326.76 484.4 Q(cp /de)157 500.6 Q
(v/null /etc/aliases.dir)-.25 E(cp /de)157 512.6 Q(v/null /etc/aliases.pag)-.25
E(chmod 644 /etc/aliases.*)157 524.6 Q(ne)157 536.6 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E
(The)117 552.8 Q F2(db)2.79 E F1 .29(routines preset the mode reasonably)2.79 F
2.79(,s)-.65 G 2.79(ot)301.68 552.8 S .29(his step can be skipped.)312.25 552.8
R .29(The actual path of this)5.29 F(\214le is de\214ned in the)117 564.8 Q F0
(A)2.5 E F1(option of the)2.5 E F2(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1(\214le.)2.5 E F0 2.5
(1.3.6. /etc/r)102 588.8 R(c)-.18 E F1 .156
(It will be necessary to start up the)142 605 R F2(sendmail)2.655 E F1 .155
(daemon when your system reboots.)2.655 F .155(This dae-)5.155 F 1.537
(mon performs tw)117 617 R 4.037(of)-.1 G 1.537
(unctions: it listens on the SMTP sock)201.221 617 R 1.537
(et for connections \(to recei)-.1 F 1.838 -.15(ve m)-.25 H(ail).15 E .442(fro\
m a remote system\) and it processes the queue periodically to insure that mai\
l gets deli)117 629 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(red).15 E(when hosts come up.)117 641 Q
.505(Add the follo)142 657.2 R .505(wing lines to \231/etc/rc\232 \(or \231/et\
c/rc.local\232 as appropriate\) in the area where it)-.25 F
(is starting up the daemons:)117 669.2 Q .32 LW 76 678.8 72 678.8 DL 80 678.8
76 678.8 DL 84 678.8 80 678.8 DL 88 678.8 84 678.8 DL 92 678.8 88 678.8 DL 96
678.8 92 678.8 DL 100 678.8 96 678.8 DL 104 678.8 100 678.8 DL 108 678.8 104
678.8 DL 112 678.8 108 678.8 DL 116 678.8 112 678.8 DL 120 678.8 116 678.8 DL
124 678.8 120 678.8 DL 128 678.8 124 678.8 DL 132 678.8 128 678.8 DL 136 678.8
132 678.8 DL 140 678.8 136 678.8 DL 144 678.8 140 678.8 DL 148 678.8 144 678.8
DL 152 678.8 148 678.8 DL 156 678.8 152 678.8 DL 160 678.8 156 678.8 DL 164
678.8 160 678.8 DL 168 678.8 164 678.8 DL 172 678.8 168 678.8 DL 176 678.8 172
678.8 DL 180 678.8 176 678.8 DL 184 678.8 180 678.8 DL 188 678.8 184 678.8 DL
192 678.8 188 678.8 DL 196 678.8 192 678.8 DL 200 678.8 196 678.8 DL 204 678.8
200 678.8 DL 208 678.8 204 678.8 DL 212 678.8 208 678.8 DL 216 678.8 212 678.8
DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(4)93.6 689.2 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .588
(The system libraries can reference other \214les; in particular)3.2 J 2.589
(,s)-.32 G .589(ystem library subroutines that)294.805 692.4 R/F6 8
/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.589 E F5 .589(calls probably reference)2.589 F F6
(/etc/passwd)72 702 Q F5(and)2 E F6(/etc/r)2 E(esolv)-.296 E(.conf)-.592 E F5
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-11)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(if [ \255f /usr/sbin/sendmail \255a \255f /etc/sendmail.cf ]; then)157 96 Q
(\(cd /v)193 108 Q(ar/spool/mqueue; rm \255f [lnx]f*\))-.25 E
(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255bd \255q30m &)193 120 Q(echo \255n ' sendmail' >/de)193
132 Q(v/console)-.25 E<8c>157 144 Q .174
(The \231cd\232 and \231rm\232 commands insure that all lock \214les ha)117
160.2 R .473 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .173(een remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .173(d; e).15 F
.173(xtraneous lock \214les)-.15 F .004
(may be left around if the system goes do)117 172.2 R .005
(wn in the middle of processing a message.)-.25 F .005(The line that)5.005 F
2.294(actually in)117 184.2 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(s).1 E/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)4.794 E F1 2.294(has tw)4.794 F 4.794<6f8d>-.1 G
2.293(ags: \231\255bd\232 causes it to listen on the SMTP port, and)272.94
184.2 R(\231\255q30m\232 causes it to run the queue e)117 196.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25
G(ry half hour).15 E(.)-.55 E .378(Some people use a more comple)142 212.4 R
2.879(xs)-.15 G .379(tartup script, remo)285.209 212.4 R .379
(ving zero length qf \214les and df \214les)-.15 F
(for which there is no qf \214le.)117 224.4 Q -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample:)
253.9 224.4 Q 2.5(#r)157 240.6 S(emo)167.83 240.6 Q .3 -.15(ve z)-.15 H
(ero length qf \214les).15 E(for qf)157 252.6 Q(\214le in qf*)-.25 E(do)157
264.6 Q(if [ \255r $qf)193 276.6 Q(\214le ])-.25 E(then)193 288.6 Q
(if [ ! \255s $qf)229 300.6 Q(\214le ])-.25 E(then)229 312.6 Q
(echo \255n " <zero: $qf)265 324.6 Q(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E(v/console)-.25 E
(rm \255f $qf)265 336.6 Q(\214le)-.25 E<8c>229 348.6 Q<8c>193 360.6 Q(done)157
372.6 Q 2.5(#r)157 384.6 S(ename tf \214les to be qf if the qf does not e)
167.83 384.6 Q(xist)-.15 E(for tf)157 396.6 Q(\214le in tf*)-.25 E(do)157 408.6
Q(qf)193 420.6 Q(\214le=`echo $tf)-.25 E(\214le | sed ')-.25 E(s/t/q/'`)-.55 E
(if [ \255r $tf)193 432.6 Q(\214le \255a ! \255f $qf)-.25 E(\214le ])-.25 E
(then)193 444.6 Q(echo \255n " <reco)229 456.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(ring: $tf).15 E
(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E(v/console)-.25 E(mv $tf)229 468.6 Q(\214le $qf)-.25 E
(\214le)-.25 E(else)193 480.6 Q(echo \255n " <e)229 492.6 Q(xtra: $tf)-.15 E
(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E(v/console)-.25 E(rm \255f $tf)229 504.6 Q(\214le)-.25 E
<8c>193 516.6 Q(done)157 528.6 Q 2.5(#r)157 540.6 S(emo)167.83 540.6 Q .3 -.15
(ve d)-.15 H 2.5<668c>.15 G(les with no corresponding qf \214les)213.08 540.6 Q
(for df)157 552.6 Q(\214le in df*)-.25 E(do)157 564.6 Q(qf)193 576.6 Q
(\214le=`echo $df)-.25 E(\214le | sed ')-.25 E(s/d/q/'`)-.55 E(if [ \255r $df)
193 588.6 Q(\214le \255a ! \255f $qf)-.25 E(\214le ])-.25 E(then)193 600.6 Q
(echo \255n " <incomplete: $df)229 612.6 Q(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E(v/console)-.25
E(mv $df)229 624.6 Q(\214le `echo $df)-.25 E(\214le | sed ')-.25 E(s/d/D/'`)
-.55 E<8c>193 636.6 Q(done)157 648.6 Q 2.5(#a)157 660.6 S
(nnounce \214les that ha)168.94 660.6 Q .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een sa).15 E -.15
(ve)-.2 G 2.5(dd).15 G(uring disaster reco)314.32 660.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(ry).15
E(for xf)157 672.6 Q(\214le in [A-Z]f*)-.25 E(do)157 684.6 Q
(echo \255n " <panic: $xf)193 696.6 Q(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E(v/console)-.25 E
(done)157 708.6 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-12 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .756
(If you are not running a v)142 96 R .755(ersion of UNIX that supports Berk)
-.15 F(ele)-.1 E 3.255(yT)-.15 G(CP/IP)416.725 96 Q 3.255(,d)-1.11 G 3.255(on)
450.27 96 S .755(ot include)463.525 96 R(the)117 108 Q F0(\255bd)2.5 E F1
(\215ag.)2.5 E F0 2.5(1.3.7. /usr/lib/sendmail.hf)102 132 R F1 2.078
(This is the help \214le used by the SMTP)142 148.2 R F0(HELP)4.578 E F1 4.578
(command. It)4.578 F 2.078(should be copied from)4.578 F
(\231lib/sendmail.hf\232:)117 160.2 Q(cp lib/sendmail.hf /usr/lib)157 176.4 Q
(The actual path of this \214le is de\214ned in the)117 192.6 Q F0(H)2.5 E F1
(option of the)2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1(\214le.)2.5 E
F0 2.5(1.3.8. /etc/sendmail.st)102 216.6 R F1 3.04
(If you wish to collect statistics about your mail traf)142 232.8 R 3.04
(\214c, you should create the \214le)-.25 F(\231/etc/sendmail.st\232:)117 244.8
Q(cp /de)157 261 Q(v/null /etc/sendmail.st)-.25 E(chmod 666 /etc/sendmail.st)
157 273 Q .715(This \214le does not gro)117 289.2 R 4.516 -.65(w. I)-.25 H
3.216(ti).65 G 3.216(sp)231.502 289.2 S .716
(rinted with the program \231mailstats/mailstats.c.)243.608 289.2 R 5.716<9a54>
-.7 G .716(he actual path)447.028 289.2 R(of this \214le is de\214ned in the)
117 301.2 Q F0(S)2.5 E F1(option of the)2.5 E F2(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1(\214le.)
2.5 E F0 2.5(1.3.9. /usr/bin/newaliases)102 325.2 R F1(If)142 341.4 Q F2
(sendmail)3.256 E F1 .756(is in)3.256 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.256(da).1 G
3.256<7399>240.424 341.4 S(ne)252.01 341.4 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases,).1 E 3.255
<9a69>-.7 G 3.255(tw)307.255 341.4 S .755(ill simulate the)320.51 341.4 R F0
(\255bi)3.255 E F1 .755(\215ag \(i.e., will reb)3.255 F .755(uild the)-.2 F
(alias database; see belo)117 353.4 Q 2.5(w\). This)-.25 F
(should be a link to /usr/sbin/sendmail.)2.5 E F0 2.5(1.3.10. /usr/bin/mailq)
102 377.4 R F1(If)142 393.6 Q F2(sendmail)3.439 E F1 .939(is in)3.439 F -.2(vo)
-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.439(da).1 G 3.439<7399>241.156 393.6 S(mailq,)252.925 393.6
Q 3.439<9a69>-.7 G 3.439(tw)288.164 393.6 S .939(ill simulate the)301.603 393.6
R F0(\255bp)3.439 E F1 .94(\215ag \(i.e.,)3.44 F F2(sendmail)3.44 E F1 .94
(will print)3.44 F(the contents of the mail queue; see belo)117 405.6 Q 2.5
(w\). This)-.25 F(should be a link to /usr/sbin/sendmail.)2.5 E F0 2.5
(2. NORMAL)72 429.6 R(OPERA)2.5 E(TIONS)-.95 E 2.5(2.1. The)87 453.6 R
(System Log)2.5 E F1 1.511(The system log is supported by the)127 469.8 R F2
(syslo)4.011 E(gd)-.1 E F1 1.511(\(8\) program.)1.666 F 1.511
(All messages from)6.511 F F2(sendmail)4.011 E F1(are)4.011 E(logged under the)
102 481.8 Q/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(LOG_MAIL)2.5 E F1 -.1(fa)2.5 G(cility).1 E(.)
-.65 E F0 2.5(2.1.1. F)102 505.8 R(ormat)-.25 E F1 .574(Each line in the syste\
m log consists of a timestamp, the name of the machine that gener)142 522 R(-)
-.2 E .849(ated it \(for logging from se)117 534 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .849
(ral machines o).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.349(rt).15 G .848(he local area netw)
316.942 534 R .848(ork\), the w)-.1 F .848(ord \231sendmail:\232,)-.1 F
(and a message.)117 546 Q F0 2.5(2.1.2. Le)102 570 R -.1(ve)-.15 G(ls).1 E F1
.204(If you ha)142 586.2 R -.15(ve)-.2 G F2(syslo)2.854 E(gd)-.1 E F1 .204
(\(8\) or an equi)1.666 F -.25(va)-.25 G .205
(lent installed, you will be able to do logging.).25 F .205(There is)5.205 F
2.788(al)117 598.2 S(ar)127.008 598.2 Q .287
(ge amount of information that can be logged.)-.18 F .287
(The log is arranged as a succession of le)5.287 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ls.).15 E .65
(At the lo)117 610.2 R .65(west le)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.15(lo).15 G .65
(nly e)201.72 610.2 R .651(xtremely strange situations are logged.)-.15 F .651
(At the highest le)5.651 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .651(l, e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.151
(nt).15 G(he)494.56 610.2 Q .826(most mundane and uninteresting e)117 622.2 R
-.15(ve)-.25 G .825(nts are recorded for posterity).15 F 5.825(.A)-.65 G 3.325
(sac)400.27 622.2 S(on)419.69 622.2 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G .825(ntion, log le).15 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G(ls).15 E .2
(under ten are considered generally \231useful;\232 log le)117 634.2 R -.15(ve)
-.25 G .201(ls abo).15 F .501 -.15(ve 6)-.15 H 2.701(4a).15 G .201(re reserv)
381.566 634.2 R .201(ed for deb)-.15 F .201(ugging pur)-.2 F(-)-.2 E 2.5
(poses. Le)117 646.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ls from 11\25564 are reserv).15 E
(ed for v)-.15 E(erbose information that some sites might w)-.15 E(ant.)-.1 E
2.5(Ac)142 662.4 S(omplete description of the log le)156.16 662.4 Q -.15(ve)
-.25 G(ls is gi).15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ns)340.35 662.4 S
(ection 4.6.)351.74 662.4 Q F0 2.5(2.2. The)87 686.4 R(Mail Queue)2.5 E F1 .263
(The mail queue should be processed transparently)127 702.6 R 5.262(.H)-.65 G
-.25(ow)342.868 702.6 S -2.15 -.25(ev e).25 H 1.062 -.4(r, y).25 H .262
(ou may \214nd that manual inter).4 F(-)-.2 E -.15(ve)102 714.6 S .081
(ntion is sometimes necessary).15 F 5.081(.F)-.65 G .081(or e)240.254 714.6 R
.081(xample, if a major host is do)-.15 F .081
(wn for a period of time the queue)-.25 F EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-13)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .268(may become clogged.)102 96 R
(Although)5.268 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.768 E F1 .268
(ought to reco)2.768 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.768(rg).15 G .268
(racefully when the host comes up, you)348.254 96 R
(may \214nd performance unacceptably bad in the meantime.)102 108 Q F0 2.5
(2.2.1. Printing)102 132 R(the queue)2.5 E F1 .526
(The contents of the queue can be printed using the)142 148.2 R F2(mailq)3.026
E F1 .526(command \(or by specifying the)3.026 F F0(\255bp)117 160.2 Q F1
(\215ag to)2.5 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(\):)A(mailq)157 176.4 Q 1.673
(This will produce a listing of the queue id')117 192.6 R 1.673
(s, the size of the message, the date the message)-.55 F
(entered the queue, and the sender and recipients.)117 204.6 Q F0 2.5(2.2.2. F)
102 228.6 R(or)-.25 E(cing the queue)-.18 E F2(Sendmail)142 244.8 Q F1 1.137
(should run the queue automatically at interv)3.637 F 3.638(als. The)-.25 F
1.138(algorithm is to read and)3.638 F .355
(sort the queue, and then to attempt to process all jobs in order)117 256.8 R
5.355(.W)-.55 G .355(hen it attempts to run the job,)384.37 256.8 R F2
(sendmail)117 268.8 Q F1(\214rst checks to see if the job is lock)2.5 E 2.5
(ed. If)-.1 F(so, it ignores the job)2.5 E(.)-.4 E .338
(There is no attempt to insure that only one queue processor e)142 285 R .338
(xists at an)-.15 F 2.838(yt)-.15 G .339(ime, since there)440.282 285 R .095
(is no guarantee that a job cannot tak)117 297 R 2.595(ef)-.1 G(ore)272.07 297
Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.595(rt).15 G 2.595(op)302.585 297 S .094(rocess \(ho)315.18
297 R(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -.4(r,).15 G F2(sendmail)2.994 E F1 .094
(does include heuris-)2.594 F 1.086
(tics to try to abort jobs that are taking absurd amounts of time; technically)
117 309 R 3.587(,t)-.65 G 1.087(his violates RFC)435.146 309 R .462(821, b)117
321 R .461(ut is blessed by RFC 1123\).)-.2 F .461
(Due to the locking algorithm, it is impossible for one job to)5.461 F 1.086
(freeze the entire queue.)117 333 R(Ho)6.086 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.886
-.4(r, a).15 H 3.586(nu).4 G(ncooperati)279.346 333 Q 1.386 -.15(ve r)-.25 H
1.086(ecipient host or a program recipient that).15 F(ne)117 345 Q -.15(ve)-.25
G 3.351(rr).15 G .851(eturns can accumulate man)145.491 345 R 3.351(yp)-.15 G
.851(rocesses in your system.)269.825 345 R(Unfortunately)5.851 E 3.351(,t)-.65
G .85(here is no com-)439.52 345 R(pletely general w)117 357 Q(ay to solv)-.1 E
2.5(et)-.15 G(his.)234.23 357 Q .082
(In some cases, you may \214nd that a major host going do)142 373.2 R .083
(wn for a couple of days may create)-.25 F 2.925(ap)117 385.2 S(rohibiti)
129.365 385.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .425(ly lar).15 F .425(ge queue.)-.18 F .424
(This will result in)5.425 F F2(sendmail)2.924 E F1 .424
(spending an inordinate amount of time)2.924 F 1.084(sorting the queue.)117
397.2 R 1.084(This situation can be \214x)6.084 F 1.084(ed by mo)-.15 F 1.085
(ving the queue to a temporary place and)-.15 F .023(creating a ne)117 409.2 R
2.523(wq)-.25 G 2.523(ueue. The)182.629 409.2 R .022
(old queue can be run later when the of)2.523 F .022
(fending host returns to service.)-.25 F 1.6 -.8(To d)142 425.4 T 2.5(ot).8 G
(his, it is acceptable to mo)170.09 425.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.15 H
(he entire queue directory:).15 E(cd /v)157 441.6 Q(ar/spool)-.25 E
(mv mqueue omqueue; mkdir mqueue; chmod 700 mqueue)157 453.6 Q -1.1(Yo)117
469.8 S 2.708(us)1.1 G .208(hould then kill the e)139.718 469.8 R .209
(xisting daemon \(since it will still be processing in the old queue direc-)
-.15 F(tory\) and create a ne)117 481.8 Q 2.5(wd)-.25 G(aemon.)213.1 481.8 Q
1.6 -.8(To r)142 498 T(un the old mail queue, run the follo).8 E(wing command:)
-.25 E(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255oQ/v)157 514.2 Q(ar/spool/omqueue \255q)-.25 E
(The)117 530.4 Q F0(\255oQ)2.868 E F1 .367
(\215ag speci\214es an alternate queue directory and the)2.868 F F0<ad71>2.867
E F1 .367(\215ag says to just run e)2.867 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .367(ry job in).15 F
.593(the queue.)117 542.4 R .593(If you ha)5.593 F .893 -.15(ve a t)-.2 H
(endenc).15 E 3.093(yt)-.15 G -2.1 -.25(ow a)263.111 542.4 T .593(rd v).25 F
-.1(oy)-.2 G .593(eurism, you can use the).1 F F0<ad76>3.094 E F1 .594
(\215ag to w)3.094 F .594(atch what is)-.1 F(going on.)117 554.4 Q
(When the queue is \214nally emptied, you can remo)142 570.6 Q .3 -.15(ve t)
-.15 H(he directory:).15 E(rmdir /v)157 586.8 Q(ar/spool/omqueue)-.25 E F0 2.5
(2.3. The)87 615 R(Alias Database)2.5 E F1 .361(The alias database e)127 631.2
R .361(xists in tw)-.15 F 2.861(of)-.1 G 2.861(orms. One)261.116 631.2 R .361
(is a te)2.861 F .36(xt form, maintained in the \214le)-.15 F F2(/etc/aliases.)
2.86 E F1(The aliases are of the form)102 643.2 Q(name: name1, name2, ...)142
659.4 Q(Only local names may be aliased; e.g.,)102 675.6 Q(eric@prep.ai.MIT)142
691.8 Q(.EDU: eric@CS.Berk)-.74 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E .348
(will not ha)102 708 R .648 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .348(he desired ef).15 F 2.849
(fect. Aliases)-.25 F .349(may be continued by starting an)2.849 F 2.849(yc)
-.15 G .349(ontinuation lines with a)408.783 708 R(space or a tab)102 720 Q 5
(.B)-.4 G(lank lines and lines be)170.47 720 Q
(ginning with a sharp sign \(\231#\232\) are comments.)-.15 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-14 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.593
(The second form is processed by the)127 96 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(dbm)4.093
E F1 1.593(\(3\) \(or)1.666 F F2(db)4.093 E F1 1.593(\(3\)\) library)1.666 F
6.593(.T)-.65 G 1.593(his form is in the \214les)409.085 96 R F2
(/etc/aliases.dir)102 108 Q F1(and)3.028 E F2(/etc/aliases.pa)3.028 E -.15(g.)
-.1 G F1 .528(This is the form that)5.678 F F2(sendmail)3.029 E F1 .529
(actually uses to resolv)3.029 F 3.029(ea)-.15 G(liases.)479.28 108 Q
(This technique is used to impro)102 120 Q .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(erformance.).15
E -1.1(Yo)127 136.2 S 2.5(uc)1.1 G(an also use)150.06 136.2 Q/F3 9
/Times-Roman@0 SF(NIS)2.5 E F1(-based alias \214les.)A -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G
(xample, the speci\214cation:)305.069 136.2 Q -.35(OA)142 152.4 S(/etc/aliases)
.35 E -.35(OA)142 164.4 S(nis:mail.aliases@my).35 E(.nis.domain)-.65 E 1.725(w\
ill \214rst search the /etc/aliases \214le and then the map named \231mail.ali\
ases\232 in \231my)102 180.6 R(.nis.domain\232.)-.65 E -.8(Wa)102 192.6 S .589
(rning: if you b).8 F .589(uild your o)-.2 F(wn)-.25 E F3(NIS)3.089 E F1 .589
(-based alias \214les, be sure to pro)B .59(vide the)-.15 F F0<ad6c>3.09 E F1
.59(\215ag to)3.09 F F2(mak)3.09 E(edbm)-.1 E F1(\(8\))A .159
(to map upper case letters in the k)102 204.6 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.659(st).15 G
2.659(ol)253.552 204.6 S -.25(ow)263.991 204.6 S .159
(er case; otherwise, aliases with upper case letters in their).25 F(names w)102
216.6 Q(on')-.1 E 2.5(tm)-.18 G(atch incoming addresses.)163.38 216.6 Q
(Additional \215ags can be added after the colon e)127 232.8 Q(xactly lik)-.15
E 2.5(ea)-.1 G F0(K)A F1(line \212 for e)2.5 E(xample:)-.15 E -.35(OA)142 249 S
(nis:-N mail.aliases@my).35 E(.nis.domain)-.65 E
(will search the appropriate NIS map and al)102 265.2 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G
(ys include null bytes in the k).1 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(.)-.5 E F0 2.5(2.3.1. Reb)
102 289.2 R(uilding the alias database)-.2 E F1 .542(The DB or DBM v)142 305.4
R .542(ersion of the database may be reb)-.15 F .542(uilt e)-.2 F .542
(xplicitly by e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .542(cuting the com-).15 F(mand)117 317.4
Q(ne)157 333.6 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E(This is equi)117 349.8 Q -.25(va)
-.25 G(lent to gi).25 E(ving)-.25 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(the)2.5 E F0(\255bi)
2.5 E F1(\215ag:)2.5 E(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255bi)157 366 Q .26
(If the \231D\232 option is speci\214ed in the con\214guration,)142 386.4 R F2
(sendmail)2.759 E F1 .259(will reb)2.759 F .259(uild the alias database)-.2 F
1.92(automatically if possible when it is out of date.)117 398.4 R(Auto-reb)
6.921 E 1.921(uild can be dangerous on hea)-.2 F(vily)-.2 E 1.451
(loaded machines with lar)117 410.4 R 1.451(ge alias \214les; if it might tak)
-.18 F 3.951(em)-.1 G 1.45(ore than \214v)355.66 410.4 R 3.95(em)-.15 G 1.45
(inutes to reb)420.13 410.4 R 1.45(uild the)-.2 F
(database, there is a chance that se)117 422.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ral processes will start the reb).15 E(uild process simultaneously)-.2 E(.)
-.65 E 1.77(If you ha)142 438.6 R 2.07 -.15(ve m)-.2 H 1.77
(ultiple aliases databases speci\214ed, the).15 F F0(\255bi)4.27 E F1 1.77
(\215ag reb)4.27 F 1.77(uilds all the database)-.2 F
(types it understands \(for e)117 450.6 Q(xample, it can reb)-.15 E
(uild dbm databases b)-.2 E(ut not nis databases\).)-.2 E F0 2.5(2.3.2. P)102
474.6 R(otential pr)-.2 E(oblems)-.18 E F1 1.131
(There are a number of problems that can occur with the alias database.)142
490.8 R(The)6.13 E 3.63(ya)-.15 G 1.13(ll result)472.59 490.8 R 1.103(from a)
117 502.8 R F2(sendmail)3.603 E F1 1.103(process accessing the DBM v)3.603 F
1.103(ersion while it is only partially b)-.15 F 3.604(uilt. This)-.2 F(can)
3.604 E 1.249(happen under tw)117 514.8 R 3.749(oc)-.1 G 1.248
(ircumstances: One process accesses the database while another process is)
199.237 514.8 R(reb)117 526.8 Q .518(uilding it, or the process reb)-.2 F .518
(uilding the database dies \(due to being killed or a system crash\))-.2 F
(before completing the reb)117 538.8 Q(uild.)-.2 E .793(Sendmail has tw)142 555
R 3.293(ot)-.1 G .792(echniques to try to relie)220.669 555 R 1.092 -.15(ve t)
-.25 H .792(hese problems.).15 F .792(First, it ignores interrupts)5.792 F .045
(while reb)117 567 R .045(uilding the database; this a)-.2 F -.2(vo)-.2 G .045
(ids the problem of someone aborting the process lea).2 F .045(ving a)-.2 F
(partially reb)117 579 Q(uilt database.)-.2 E(Second, at the end of the reb)5 E
(uild it adds an alias of the form)-.2 E(@: @)157 595.2 Q .336
(\(which is not normally le)117 611.4 R -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.836(l\). Before).05 F
F2(sendmail)2.836 E F1 .336(will access the database, it checks to insure that)
2.836 F(this entry e)117 625.4 Q(xists)-.15 E/F4 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(5)179.63
621.4 Q F1(.)183.13 625.4 Q F0 2.5(2.3.3. List)102 649.4 R -.1(ow)2.5 G(ners).1
E F1 .4(If an error occurs on sending to a certain address, say \231)142 665.6
R F2(x)A F1<9a2c>A F2(sendmail)2.901 E F1 .401(will look for an alias)2.901 F
.418(of the form \231o)117 677.6 R(wner)-.25 E(-)-.2 E F2(x)A F1 2.918<9a74>C
2.918(or)212.632 677.6 S(ecei)223.88 677.6 Q .718 -.15(ve t)-.25 H .418
(he errors.).15 F .417(This is typically useful for a mailing list where the)
5.418 F .32 LW 76 687.2 72 687.2 DL 80 687.2 76 687.2 DL 84 687.2 80 687.2 DL
88 687.2 84 687.2 DL 92 687.2 88 687.2 DL 96 687.2 92 687.2 DL 100 687.2 96
687.2 DL 104 687.2 100 687.2 DL 108 687.2 104 687.2 DL 112 687.2 108 687.2 DL
116 687.2 112 687.2 DL 120 687.2 116 687.2 DL 124 687.2 120 687.2 DL 128 687.2
124 687.2 DL 132 687.2 128 687.2 DL 136 687.2 132 687.2 DL 140 687.2 136 687.2
DL 144 687.2 140 687.2 DL 148 687.2 144 687.2 DL 152 687.2 148 687.2 DL 156
687.2 152 687.2 DL 160 687.2 156 687.2 DL 164 687.2 160 687.2 DL 168 687.2 164
687.2 DL 172 687.2 168 687.2 DL 176 687.2 172 687.2 DL 180 687.2 176 687.2 DL
184 687.2 180 687.2 DL 188 687.2 184 687.2 DL 192 687.2 188 687.2 DL 196 687.2
192 687.2 DL 200 687.2 196 687.2 DL 204 687.2 200 687.2 DL 208 687.2 204 687.2
DL 212 687.2 208 687.2 DL 216 687.2 212 687.2 DL/F5 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(5)93.6
697.6 Q/F6 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(The \231a\232 option is required in the con\214g\
uration for this action to occur)3.2 I 4(.T)-.44 G
(his should normally be speci\214ed.)329.18 700.8 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-15)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.116
(submitter of the list has no control o)117 96 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.617(rt).15 G
1.117(he maintenance of the list itself; in this case the list)288.4 96 R
(maintainer w)117 108 Q(ould be the o)-.1 E(wner of the list.)-.25 E -.15(Fo)5
G 2.5(re).15 G(xample:)309.38 108 Q
(unix-wizards: eric@ucbarpa, wnj@monet, nosuchuser)157 124.2 Q(,)-.4 E
(sam@matisse)193 136.2 Q -.25(ow)157 148.2 S(ner).25 E
(-unix-wizards: eric@ucbarpa)-.2 E -.1(wo)117 164.4 S 1.959(uld cause \231eric\
@ucbarpa\232 to get the error that will occur when someone sends to unix-).1 F
(wizards due to the inclusion of \231nosuchuser\232 on the list.)117 176.4 Q
.958(List o)142 192.6 R .958(wners also cause the en)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .959
(lope sender address to be modi\214ed.).15 F .959(The contents of the)5.959 F
-.25(ow)117 204.6 S .429(ner alias are used if the).25 F 2.929(yp)-.15 G .429
(oint to a single user)236.364 204.6 R 2.928(,o)-.4 G .428
(therwise the name of the alias itself is used.)326.436 204.6 R -.15(Fo)117
216.6 S 2.5(rt).15 G(his reason, and to obe)136.02 216.6 Q 2.5(yI)-.15 G
(nternet con)233.63 216.6 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G(ntions, a typical scheme w).15 E
(ould be:)-.1 E 18.49(list: some,)157 232.8 R(set, of, addresses)2.5 E 22.28
(list-request: list-admin-1,)157 244.8 R(list-admin-2, ...)2.5 E -.25(ow)157
256.8 S(ner).25 E 26.62(-list: list-request)-.2 F F0 2.5(2.4. User)87 285 R
(Inf)2.5 E(ormation Database)-.25 E F1 1.059(If you ha)127 301.2 R 1.359 -.15
(ve a ve)-.2 H 1.059(rsion of).15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.559 E F1
1.06(with the user information database compiled in, and you)3.559 F(ha)102
313.2 Q 2.206 -.15(ve s)-.2 H 1.906(peci\214ed one or more databases using the)
.15 F F0(U)4.406 E F1 1.905(option, the databases will be searched for a)4.406
F F2(user)102 325.2 Q F1(:maildrop entry)A 5(.I)-.65 G 2.5(ff)191.34 325.2 S
(ound, the mail will be sent to the speci\214ed address.)200.5 325.2 Q 1.288
(If the \214rst tok)127 341.4 R 1.288(en passed to user part of the \231local\
\232 mailer is an at sign, the at sign will be)-.1 F(stripped of)102 353.4 Q
2.5(fa)-.25 G(nd this step will be skipped.)155.07 353.4 Q F0 2.5(2.5. P)87
377.4 R(er)-.2 E(-User F)-.37 E(orwarding \(.f)-.25 E(orward Files\))-.25 E F1
.121(As an alternati)127 393.6 R .421 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.621(ot).15 G .121
(he alias database, an)210.404 393.6 R 2.621(yu)-.15 G .12
(ser may put a \214le with the name \231.forw)304.878 393.6 R .12
(ard\232 in his)-.1 F .205(or her home directory)102 405.6 R 5.205(.I)-.65 G
2.705(ft)199.92 405.6 S .205(his \214le e)208.735 405.6 R(xists,)-.15 E F2
(sendmail)2.705 E F1 .205
(redirects mail for that user to the list of addresses)2.705 F .909
(listed in the .forw)102 417.6 R .908(ard \214le.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)5.908 G 3.408
(re).15 G .908
(xample, if the home directory for user \231mckusick\232 has a .forw)233.98
417.6 R(ard)-.1 E(\214le with contents:)102 429.6 Q(mckusick@ernie)142 445.8 Q
(kirk@calder)142 457.8 Q(then an)102 474 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G(ail arri)146.29 474 Q
(ving for \231mckusick\232 will be redirected to the speci\214ed accounts.)-.25
E(Actually)127 490.2 Q 3.374(,t)-.65 G .874
(he con\214guration \214le de\214nes a sequence of \214lenames to check.)
169.444 490.2 R .875(By def)5.875 F .875(ault, this is)-.1 F .688(the user')102
502.2 R 3.188(s.)-.55 G(forw)146.426 502.2 Q .688(ard \214le, b)-.1 F .687
(ut can be de\214ned to be more generally using the)-.2 F F0(J)3.187 E F1 3.187
(option. If)3.187 F .687(you change)3.187 F .393(this, you will ha)102 514.2 R
.693 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.893(oi).15 G .393
(nform your user base of the change; .forw)193.064 514.2 R .393
(ard is pretty well incorporated into)-.1 F(the collecti)102 526.2 Q .3 -.15
(ve s)-.25 H(ubconscious.).15 E F0 2.5(2.6. Special)87 550.2 R(Header Lines)2.5
E F1(Se)127 566.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.898(ral header lines ha).15 F 2.197 -.15
(ve s)-.2 H 1.897
(pecial interpretations de\214ned by the con\214guration \214le.).15 F(Others)
6.897 E(ha)102 578.4 Q 1.205 -.15(ve i)-.2 H .905(nterpretations b).15 F .905
(uilt into)-.2 F F2(sendmail)3.405 E F1 .906
(that cannot be changed without changing the code.)3.405 F(These)5.906 E -.2
(bu)102 590.4 S(iltins are described here.).2 E F0 2.5(2.6.1. Retur)102 614.4 R
(n-Receipt-T)-.15 E(o:)-.92 E F1 1.371
(If this header is sent, a message will be sent to an)142 630.6 R 3.87(ys)-.15
G 1.37(peci\214ed addresses when the \214nal)366.88 630.6 R(deli)117 642.6 Q
-.15(ve)-.25 G .367(ry is complete, that is, when successfully deli).15 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G .368(red to a mailer with the).15 F F0(l)2.868 E F1 .368
(\215ag \(local deli)2.868 F(v-)-.25 E .024(ery\) set in the mailer descriptor)
117 656.6 R/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(6)242.37 652.6 Q F1 5.023(.T)245.87 656.6 S
.023(his header can be disabled with the \231noreceipts\232 pri)259.503 656.6 R
-.25(va)-.25 G .323 -.15(cy \215).25 H(ag.).15 E .32 LW 76 666.2 72 666.2 DL 80
666.2 76 666.2 DL 84 666.2 80 666.2 DL 88 666.2 84 666.2 DL 92 666.2 88 666.2
DL 96 666.2 92 666.2 DL 100 666.2 96 666.2 DL 104 666.2 100 666.2 DL 108 666.2
104 666.2 DL 112 666.2 108 666.2 DL 116 666.2 112 666.2 DL 120 666.2 116 666.2
DL 124 666.2 120 666.2 DL 128 666.2 124 666.2 DL 132 666.2 128 666.2 DL 136
666.2 132 666.2 DL 140 666.2 136 666.2 DL 144 666.2 140 666.2 DL 148 666.2 144
666.2 DL 152 666.2 148 666.2 DL 156 666.2 152 666.2 DL 160 666.2 156 666.2 DL
164 666.2 160 666.2 DL 168 666.2 164 666.2 DL 172 666.2 168 666.2 DL 176 666.2
172 666.2 DL 180 666.2 176 666.2 DL 184 666.2 180 666.2 DL 188 666.2 184 666.2
DL 192 666.2 188 666.2 DL 196 666.2 192 666.2 DL 200 666.2 196 666.2 DL 204
666.2 200 666.2 DL 208 666.2 204 666.2 DL 212 666.2 208 666.2 DL 216 666.2 212
666.2 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(6)93.6 676.6 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .127
(Some sites disable this header)3.2 J 2.127(,a)-.32 G .127(nd other \(non-)
199.959 679.8 R/F6 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)A F5 2.127(\)s)C .127
(ystems do not implement it.)282.772 679.8 R .127(Do not assume that a f)4.127
F .126(ailure to get a re-)-.08 F .317
(turn receipt means that the mail did not arri)72 689.4 R -.12(ve)-.2 G 4.317
(.A).12 G .318(lso, do not assume that getting a return receipt means that the\
 mail has been read; it)232.509 689.4 R
(just means that the message has been deli)72 699 Q -.12(ve)-.2 G
(red to the recipient').12 E 2(sm)-.44 G(ailbox.)285.648 699 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-16 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(2.6.2. Err)102 96 R(ors-T)-.18 E
(o:)-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .22(If errors occur an)142 112.2 R .22
(ywhere during processing, this header will cause error messages to go to)-.15
F(the listed addresses.)117 124.2 Q(This is intended for mailing lists.)5 E
.385(The Errors-T)142 140.4 R .385(o: header w)-.8 F .384
(as created in the bad old days when UUCP didn')-.1 F 2.884(tu)-.18 G .384
(nderstand the)450.016 140.4 R .889(distinction between an en)117 152.4 R -.15
(ve)-.4 G .889(lope and a header; this w).15 F .889(as a hack to pro)-.1 F .89
(vide what should no)-.15 F 3.39(wb)-.25 G(e)499.56 152.4 Q(passed as the en)
117 164.4 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G(lope sender address.).15 E(It should go a)5 E -.1(wa)
-.15 G 3.8 -.65(y. I).1 H 2.5(ti).65 G 2.5(so)365.22 164.4 S(nly used if the)
376.61 164.4 Q F0(l)2.5 E F1(option is set.)2.5 E F0 2.5(2.6.3. A)102 188.4 R
(ppar)-.25 E(ently-T)-.18 E(o:)-.92 E F1 .22
(If a message comes in with no recipients listed in the message \(in a T)142
204.6 R .22(o:, Cc:, or Bcc: line\))-.8 F(then)117 216.6 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0
SF(sendmail)2.789 E F1 .289(will add an \231)2.789 F(Apparently-T)-.8 E .289
(o:\232 header line for an)-.8 F 2.789(yr)-.15 G .29(ecipients it is a)378.08
216.6 R -.1(wa)-.15 G .29(re of.).1 F .29(This is)5.29 F
(not put in as a standard recipient line to w)117 228.6 Q(arn an)-.1 E 2.5(yr)
-.15 G(ecipients that the list is not complete.)319.77 228.6 Q
(At least one recipient line is required under RFC 822.)142 244.8 Q F0 2.5
(2.7. IDENT)87 268.8 R(Pr)2.5 E(otocol Support)-.18 E F2(Sendmail)127 285 Q F1
1.835(supports the IDENT protocol as de\214ned in RFC 1413.)4.335 F 1.835
(Although this enhances)6.835 F .289
(identi\214cation of the author of an email message by doing a `)102 297 R .29
(`call back')-.74 F 2.79('t)-.74 G 2.79(ot)396.17 297 S .29
(he originating system to)406.74 297 R .469(include the o)102 309 R .469(wner \
of a particular TCP connection in the audit trail it is in no sense perfect; a\
 deter)-.25 F(-)-.2 E 1.293(mined for)102 321 R 1.294
(ger can easily spoof the IDENT protocol.)-.18 F 1.294(The follo)6.294 F 1.294
(wing description is e)-.25 F 1.294(xcerpted from)-.15 F(RFC 1413:)102 333 Q
2.5(6. Security)127 349.2 R(Considerations)2.5 E .006
(The information returned by this protocol is at most as trustw)127 365.4 R
(orth)-.1 E 2.505(ya)-.05 G 2.505(st)400.505 365.4 S .005(he host pro)409.68
365.4 R .005(viding it OR)-.15 F .273(the or)127 377.4 R -.05(ga)-.18 G .273
(nization operating the host.).05 F -.15(Fo)5.273 G 2.773(re).15 G .274
(xample, a PC in an open lab has fe)295.308 377.4 R 2.774(wi)-.25 G 2.774(fa)
448.612 377.4 S .574 -.15(ny c)459.156 377.4 T(ontrols).15 E .987(on it to pre)
127 389.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .986(nt a user from ha).15 F .986
(ving this protocol return an)-.2 F 3.486(yi)-.15 G .986
(denti\214er the user w)378.056 389.4 R 3.486(ants. Lik)-.1 F(e-)-.1 E 1.441(w\
ise, if the host has been compromised the information returned may be complete\
ly erro-)127 401.4 R(neous and misleading.)127 413.4 Q .521(The Identi\214cati\
on Protocol is not intended as an authorization or access control protocol.)127
429.6 R(At)5.52 E 1.036(best, it pro)127 441.6 R 1.037
(vides some additional auditing information with respect to TCP connections.)
-.15 F(At)6.037 E -.1(wo)127 453.6 S(rst, it can pro).1 E
(vide misleading, incorrect, or maliciously incorrect information.)-.15 E 1.006
(The use of the information returned by this protocol for other than auditing \
is strongly dis-)127 469.8 R 2.697(couraged. Speci\214cally)127 481.8 R 2.697
(,u)-.65 G .197(sing Identi\214cation Protocol information to mak)228.114 481.8
R 2.697(ea)-.1 G .197(ccess control deci-)429.186 481.8 R .514(sions - either \
as the primary method \(i.e., no other checks\) or as an adjunct to other meth\
ods)127 493.8 R(may result in a weak)127 505.8 Q(ening of normal host security)
-.1 E(.)-.65 E 1.778(An Identi\214cation serv)127 522 R 1.778(er may re)-.15 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G 1.778
(al information about users, entities, objects or processes).15 F .337
(which might normally be considered pri)127 534 R -.25(va)-.25 G 2.836(te. An)
.25 F .336(Identi\214cation serv)2.836 F .336(er pro)-.15 F .336
(vides service which)-.15 F .806
(is a rough analog of the CallerID services pro)127 546 R .806
(vided by some phone companies and man)-.15 F 3.306(yo)-.15 G(f)500.67 546 Q
1.398(the same pri)127 558 R -.25(va)-.25 G 1.698 -.15(cy c).25 H 1.398
(onsiderations and ar).15 F 1.398
(guments that apply to the CallerID service apply to)-.18 F 3.545
(Identi\214cation. If)127 570 R 1.045(you w)3.545 F(ouldn')-.1 E 3.545(tr)-.18
G 1.045(un a "\214nger" serv)260.33 570 R 1.046(er due to pri)-.15 F -.25(va)
-.25 G 1.346 -.15(cy c).25 H 1.046(onsiderations you may).15 F(not w)127 582 Q
(ant to run this protocol.)-.1 E F0 2.5(3. ARGUMENTS)72 606 R F1 .018
(The complete list of ar)112 622.2 R .018(guments to)-.18 F F2(sendmail)2.517 E
F1 .017(is described in detail in Appendix A.)2.517 F .017(Some important)5.017
F(ar)87 634.2 Q(guments are described here.)-.18 E F0 2.5(3.1. Queue)87 658.2 R
(Inter)2.5 E -.1(va)-.1 G(l).1 E F1 .455(The amount of time between forking a \
process to run through the queue is de\214ned by the)127 674.4 R F0<ad71>2.956
E F1 2.706(\215ag. If)102 686.4 R .206(you run in mode)2.706 F F0(f)2.706 E F1
(or)2.706 E F0(a)2.706 E F1 .206(this can be relati)2.706 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .206
(ly lar).15 F .206(ge, since it will only be rele)-.18 F -.25(va)-.25 G .205
(nt when a host).25 F .07(that w)102 698.4 R .07(as do)-.1 F .07
(wn comes back up.)-.25 F .07(If you run in)5.07 F F0(q)2.57 E F1 .07
(mode it should be relati)2.57 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .07
(ly short, since it de\214nes the).15 F
(maximum amount of time that a message may sit in the queue.)102 710.4 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-17)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.336
(RFC 1123 section 5.3.1.1 says that this v)127 96 R 1.335
(alue should be at least 30 minutes \(although that)-.25 F(probably doesn')102
108 Q 2.5(tm)-.18 G(ak)179.59 108 Q 2.5(es)-.1 G(ense if you use `)199.76 108 Q
(`queue-only')-.74 E 2.5('m)-.74 G(ode\).)329.08 108 Q F0 2.5(3.2. Daemon)87
132 R(Mode)2.5 E F1 .084(If you allo)127 148.2 R 2.584(wi)-.25 G .084
(ncoming mail o)181.162 148.2 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.585(ra).15 G 2.585(nI)263.605
148.2 S .085(PC connection, you should ha)274.52 148.2 R .385 -.15(ve a d)-.2 H
.085(aemon running.).15 F(This)5.085 E .07(should be set by your)102 160.2 R/F2
10/Times-Italic@0 SF(/etc/r)2.57 E(c)-.37 E F1 .07(\214le using the)2.57 F F0
(\255bd)2.57 E F1 2.569(\215ag. The)2.57 F F0(\255bd)2.569 E F1 .069
(\215ag and the)2.569 F F0<ad71>2.569 E F1 .069(\215ag may be combined)2.569 F
(in one call:)102 172.2 Q(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255bd \255q30m)142 188.4 Q F0 2.5
(3.3. F)87 216.6 R(or)-.25 E(cing the Queue)-.18 E F1 .04(In some cases you ma\
y \214nd that the queue has gotten clogged for some reason.)127 232.8 R -1.1
(Yo)5.04 G 2.54(uc)1.1 G .04(an force)471.48 232.8 R 3.185(aq)102 244.8 S .685
(ueue run using the)114.625 244.8 R F0<ad71>3.184 E F1 .684(\215ag \(with no v)
3.184 F 3.184(alue\). It)-.25 F .684(is entertaining to use the)3.184 F F0
<ad76>3.184 E F1 .684(\215ag \(v)3.184 F .684(erbose\) when)-.15 F
(this is done to w)102 256.8 Q(atch what happens:)-.1 E
(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255q \255v)142 273 Q -1.1(Yo)127 293.4 S 4.004(uc)1.1 G
1.504(an also limit the jobs to those with a particular queue identi\214er)
151.564 293.4 R 4.004(,s)-.4 G(ender)428.362 293.4 Q 4.004(,o)-.4 G 4.004(rr)
461.676 293.4 S(ecipient)472.34 293.4 Q .687
(using one of the queue modi\214ers.)102 305.4 R -.15(Fo)5.687 G 3.187(re).15 G
.687(xample, \231\255qRberk)265.659 305.4 R(ele)-.1 E .686
(y\232 restricts the queue run to jobs that)-.15 F(ha)102 317.4 Q .525 -.15
(ve t)-.2 H .225(he string \231berk).15 F(ele)-.1 E .225(y\232 some)-.15 F .225
(where in one of the recipient addresses.)-.25 F(Similarly)5.226 E 2.726<2c99>
-.65 G .226(\255qSstring\232 lim-)441.184 317.4 R(its the run to particular se\
nders and \231\255qIstring\232 limits it to particular identi\214ers.)102 329.4
Q F0 2.5(3.4. Deb)87 353.4 R(ugging)-.2 E F1 1.365(There are a f)127 369.6 R
1.365(airly lar)-.1 F 1.365(ge number of deb)-.18 F 1.365(ug \215ags b)-.2 F
1.365(uilt into)-.2 F F2(sendmail)3.865 E F1 6.365(.E)C 1.365(ach deb)417.65
369.6 R 1.365(ug \215ag has a)-.2 F 1.116(number and a le)102 381.6 R -.15(ve)
-.25 G 1.116(l, where higher le).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.116
(ls means to print out more information.).15 F 1.116(The con)6.116 F -.15(ve)
-.4 G 1.116(ntion is).15 F .294(that le)102 393.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .294
(ls greater than nine are \231absurd,).15 F 2.794<9a69>-.7 G .294(.e., the)
274.018 393.6 R 2.794(yp)-.15 G .293(rint out so much information that you w)
313.616 393.6 R(ouldn')-.1 E(t)-.18 E .691(normally w)102 405.6 R .692
(ant to see them e)-.1 F .692(xcept for deb)-.15 F .692
(ugging that particular piece of code.)-.2 F(Deb)5.692 E .692
(ug \215ags are set)-.2 F(using the)102 417.6 Q F0<ad64>2.5 E F1
(option; the syntax is:)2.5 E(deb)142 433.8 Q(ug-\215ag:)-.2 E F0<ad64>200.13
433.8 Q F1(deb)2.5 E(ug-list)-.2 E(deb)142 445.8 Q 13.05(ug-list: deb)-.2 F
(ug-option [ , deb)-.2 E(ug-option ])-.2 E(deb)142 457.8 Q -.28(ug-option: deb)
-.2 F(ug-range [ . deb)-.2 E(ug-le)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l]).15 G(deb)142
469.8 Q 3.07(ug-range: inte)-.2 F(ger | inte)-.15 E(ger \255 inte)-.15 E(ger)
-.15 E(deb)142 481.8 Q(ug-le)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 6.24(l: inte).15 F(ger)-.15 E
(where spaces are for reading ease only)102 498 Q 5(.F)-.65 G(or e)268.64 498 Q
(xample,)-.15 E 34.99(\255d12 Set)142 514.2 R(\215ag 12 to le)2.5 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G 2.5(l1).15 G 27.49(\255d12.3 Set)142 526.2 R(\215ag 12 to le)2.5 E -.15
(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l3).15 G 26.66(\255d3-17 Set)142 538.2 R
(\215ags 3 through 17 to le)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l1).15 G 19.16
(\255d3-17.4 Set)142 550.2 R(\215ags 3 through 17 to le)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
2.5(l4).15 G -.15(Fo)102 566.4 S 4.066(rac).15 G 1.566(omplete list of the a)
132.752 566.4 R -.25(va)-.2 G 1.565(ilable deb).25 F 1.565
(ug \215ags you will ha)-.2 F 1.865 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 4.065(ol).15 G 1.565
(ook at the code \(the)380.9 566.4 R 4.065(ya)-.15 G 1.565(re too)479.385 566.4
R(dynamic to k)102 578.4 Q(eep this documentation up to date\).)-.1 E F0 2.5
(3.5. T)87 602.4 R(rying a Differ)-.74 E(ent Con\214guration File)-.18 E F1
(An alternati)127 618.6 Q .3 -.15(ve c)-.25 H
(on\214guration \214le can be speci\214ed using the).15 E F0<ad43>2.5 E F1
(\215ag; for e)2.5 E(xample,)-.15 E(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255Ctest.cf)142 634.8 Q
.428(uses the con\214guration \214le)102 651 R F2(test.cf)2.928 E F1 .428
(instead of the def)2.928 F(ault)-.1 E F2(/etc/sendmail.cf)2.928 E(.)-.15 E F1
.428(If the)5.428 F F0<ad43>2.928 E F1 .429(\215ag has no v)2.928 F(alue)-.25 E
(it def)102 663 Q(aults to)-.1 E F2(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1
(in the current directory)2.5 E(.)-.65 E F0 2.5(3.6. Changing)87 687 R(the V)
2.5 E(alues of Options)-.92 E F1(Options can be o)127 703.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G
(rridden using the).15 E F0<ad6f>2.5 E F1 2.5(\215ag. F)2.5 F(or e)-.15 E
(xample,)-.15 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-18 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255oT2m)142 96 Q(sets the)102 112.2 Q F0(T)2.5 E F1
(\(timeout\) option to tw)2.5 E 2.5(om)-.1 G(inutes for this run only)246.63
112.2 Q(.)-.65 E .182(Some options ha)127 128.4 R .482 -.15(ve s)-.2 H .182
(ecurity implications.).15 F .182(Sendmail allo)5.182 F .181
(ws you to set these, b)-.25 F .181(ut refuses to run)-.2 F(as root thereafter)
102 140.4 Q(.)-.55 E F0 2.5(3.7. Logging)87 164.4 R -.74(Tr)2.5 G(af\214c).74 E
F1(Man)127 180.6 Q 3.254(yS)-.15 G .754
(MTP implementations do not fully implement the protocol.)158.994 180.6 R -.15
(Fo)5.754 G 3.254(re).15 G .755(xample, some per)428.54 180.6 R(-)-.2 E 1.178(\
sonal computer based SMTPs do not understand continuation lines in reply codes\
.)102 192.6 R 1.177(These can be)6.178 F -.15(ve)102 204.6 S .13
(ry hard to trace.).15 F .13(If you suspect such a problem, you can set traf)
5.13 F .13(\214c logging using the)-.25 F F0<ad58>2.63 E F1 2.63(\215ag. F)2.63
F(or)-.15 E -.15(ex)102 216.6 S(ample,).15 E
(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255X /tmp/traf)142 232.8 Q(\214c -bd)-.25 E
(will log all traf)102 249 Q(\214c in the \214le)-.25 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
(/tmp/tr)2.5 E(af)-.15 E<8c63>-.18 E F1(.)A .128(This logs a lot of data v)127
265.2 R .128(ery quickly and should ne)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.628(rb).15 G
2.628(eu)345.89 265.2 S .128(sed during normal operations.)357.958 265.2 R
(After)5.128 E 1.326(starting up such a daemon, force the errant implementatio\
n to send a message to your host.)102 277.2 R(All)6.327 E .505(message traf)102
289.2 R .505(\214c in and out of)-.25 F F2(sendmail)3.005 E F1 3.004(,i)C .504
(ncluding the incoming SMTP traf)265.264 289.2 R .504
(\214c, will be logged in this)-.25 F(\214le.)102 301.2 Q F0 2.5(3.8. Dumping)
87 325.2 R(State)2.5 E F1 -1.1(Yo)127 341.4 S 2.563(uc)1.1 G .063(an ask)
150.123 341.4 R F2(sendmail)2.563 E F1 .064
(to log a dump of the open \214les and the connection cache by sending it a)
2.563 F/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(SIGUSR1)102 353.4 Q F1 2.5(signal. The)2.5 F
(results are logged at)2.5 E F3(LOG_DEB)2.5 E(UG)-.09 E F1(priority)2.5 E(.)
-.65 E F0 2.5(4. TUNING)72 377.4 R F1 1.922
(There are a number of con\214guration parameters you may w)112 393.6 R 1.922
(ant to change, depending on the)-.1 F .366(requirements of your site.)87 405.6
R .367(Most of these are set using an option in the con\214guration \214le.)
5.366 F -.15(Fo)5.367 G 2.867(re).15 G(xample,)472.06 405.6 Q(the line \231O)87
417.6 Q(T5d\232 sets option \231T\232 to the v)-.4 E(alue \2315d\232 \(\214v)
-.25 E 2.5(ed)-.15 G(ays\).)312.55 417.6 Q .735(Most of these options ha)112
433.8 R 1.035 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .735(ppropriate def).15 F .735
(aults for most sites.)-.1 F(Ho)5.735 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.535 -.4
(r, s).15 H .735(ites ha).4 F .735(ving v)-.2 F .735(ery high)-.15 F .045
(mail loads may \214nd the)87 445.8 R 2.545(yn)-.15 G .046
(eed to tune them as appropriate for their mail load.)193.465 445.8 R .046
(In particular)5.046 F 2.546(,s)-.4 G .046(ites e)459.394 445.8 R(xperi-)-.15 E
1.088(encing a lar)87 457.8 R 1.088(ge number of small messages, man)-.18 F
3.588(yo)-.15 G 3.587(fw)294.504 457.8 S 1.087(hich are deli)308.641 457.8 R
-.15(ve)-.25 G 1.087(red to man).15 F 3.587(yr)-.15 G 1.087
(ecipients, may \214nd)425.996 457.8 R(that the)87 469.8 Q 2.5(yn)-.15 G
(eed to adjust the parameters dealing with queue priorities.)129.07 469.8 Q F0
2.5(4.1. T)87 493.8 R(imeouts)-.18 E F1 .582(All time interv)127 510 R .583
(als are set using a scaled syntax.)-.25 F -.15(Fo)5.583 G 3.083(re).15 G .583
(xample, \23110m\232 represents ten minutes,)346.138 510 R
(whereas \2312h30m\232 represents tw)102 522 Q 2.5(oa)-.1 G(nd a half hours.)
241.3 522 Q(The full set of scales is:)5 E 16.11(ss)142 538.2 S(econds)165.89
538.2 Q 12.22(mm)142 550.2 S(inutes)169.78 550.2 Q 15(hh)142 562.2 S(ours)167
562.2 Q 15(dd)142 574.2 S(ays)167 574.2 Q 12.78(ww)142 586.2 S(eeks)169.22
586.2 Q F0 2.5(4.1.1. Queue)102 614.4 R(inter)2.5 E -.1(va)-.1 G(l).1 E F1 .18
(The ar)142 630.6 R .18(gument to the)-.18 F F0<ad71>2.68 E F1 .18
(\215ag speci\214es ho)2.68 F 2.68(wo)-.25 G .18
(ften a sub-daemon will run the queue.)319.25 630.6 R .18(This is)5.18 F .967
(typically set to between \214fteen minutes and one hour)117 642.6 R 5.968(.R)
-.55 G .968(FC 1123 section 5.3.1.1 recommends)350.968 642.6 R
(that this be at least 30 minutes.)117 654.6 Q F0 2.5(4.1.2. Read)102 678.6 R
(timeouts)2.5 E F1 .51(It is possible to time out when reading the standard in\
put or when reading from a remote)142 694.8 R .324(SMTP serv)117 706.8 R(er)
-.15 E 5.324(.T)-.55 G .324(hese timeouts are set using the)183.608 706.8 R F0
(r)2.824 E F1 .324(option in the con\214guration \214le.)2.824 F .324(The ar)
5.324 F(gument)-.18 E 2.767(is a list of)117 718.8 R F2 -.1(ke)5.266 G(ywor)-.2
E(d=value)-.37 E F1 5.266(pairs. The)5.266 F 2.766(recognized k)5.266 F -.15
(ey)-.1 G -.1(wo).15 G 2.766(rds, their def).1 F 2.766(ault v)-.1 F 2.766
(alues, and the)-.25 F EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-19)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(minimum v)117 96 Q(alues allo)-.25
E(wed by RFC 1123 section 5.3.2 are:)-.25 E 46.16(initial The)117 112.2 R -.1
(wa)2.5 G(it for the initial 220 greeting message [5m, 5m].).1 E 52.28
(helo The)117 128.4 R -.1(wa)4.226 G 1.727
(it for a reply from a HELO or EHLO command [5m, unspeci\214ed].).1 F .1
(This may require a host name lookup, so \214v)189 140.4 R 2.6(em)-.15 G .1
(inutes is probably a reasonable)380.29 140.4 R(minimum.)189 152.4 Q 46.72
(mail\207 The)117 168.6 R -.1(wa)2.5 G
(it for a reply from a MAIL command [10m, 5m].).1 E 48.95(rcpt\207 The)117
184.8 R -.1(wa)3.481 G .981(it for a reply from a RCPT command [1h, 5m].).1 F
.982(This should be long)5.982 F
(because it could be pointing at a list that tak)189 196.8 Q
(es a long time to e)-.1 E(xpand.)-.15 E 34.5(datainit\207 The)117 213 R -.1
(wa)2.5 G(it for a reply from a D).1 E -1.21 -1.11(AT A)-.4 H
(command [5m, 2m].)3.61 E 25.62(datablock\207 The)117 229.2 R -.1(wa)2.696 G
.196(it for reading a data block \(that is, the body of the message\).).1 F
.196([1h, 3m].)5.196 F .621
(This should be long because it also applies to programs piping input to)189
241.2 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(send-)3.121 E(mail)189 253.2 Q F1(which ha)2.5
E .3 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.5(og).15 G(uarantee of promptness.)274.75 253.2 Q 30.06
(data\214nal\207 The)117 269.4 R -.1(wa)2.806 G .306
(it for a reply from the dot terminating a message.).1 F .306([1h, 10m].)5.306
F .306(If this is)5.306 F .883
(shorter than the time actually needed for the recei)189 281.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
3.384(rt).15 G 3.384(od)412.878 281.4 S(eli)426.262 281.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
3.384(rt).15 G .884(he message,)454.796 281.4 R(duplicates will be generated.)
189 293.4 Q(This is discussed in RFC 1047.)5 E 55.06(rset The)117 309.6 R -.1
(wa)2.5 G(it for a reply from a RSET command [5m, unspeci\214ed].).1 E 53.94
(quit The)117 325.8 R -.1(wa)2.5 G(it for a reply from a Q).1 E
(UIT command [2m, unspeci\214ed].)-.1 E 50.61(misc The)117 342 R -.1(wa)2.761 G
.261(it for a reply from miscellaneous \(b).1 F .261
(ut short\) commands such as NOOP)-.2 F(\(no-operation\) and VERB \(go into v)
189 354 Q(erbose mode\).)-.15 E([2m, unspeci\214ed].)5 E 25.06(command\207 In)
117 370.2 R(serv)2.5 E(er SMTP)-.15 E 2.5(,t)-1.11 G(he time to w)259.4 370.2 Q
(ait for another command.)-.1 E([1h, 5m].)5 E 49.5(ident The)117 386.4 R
(timeout w)2.5 E(aiting for a reply to an IDENT query [30s, unspeci\214ed].)-.1
E -.15(Fo)117 402.6 S 3.633(rc).15 G 1.134
(ompatibility with old con\214guration \214les, if no `)138.813 402.6 R(`k)-.74
E -.15(ey)-.1 G -.1(wo).15 G(rd=').1 E 3.634('i)-.74 G 3.634(ss)390.854 402.6 S
1.134(peci\214ed, all the timeouts)402.268 402.6 R(mark)117 414.6 Q
(ed with \207 are set to the indicated v)-.1 E(alue.)-.25 E(Man)142 430.8 Q
2.501(yo)-.15 G 2.501(ft)172.681 430.8 S .001(he RFC 1123 minimum v)181.292
430.8 R .001(alues may well be too short.)-.25 F F2(Sendmail)5 E F1 -.1(wa)2.5
G 2.5(sd).1 G(esigned to)463.17 430.8 Q .066
(the RFC 822 protocols, which did not specify read timeouts; hence,)117 442.8 R
F2(sendmail)2.567 E F1 .067(does not guarantee)2.567 F .438
(to reply to messages promptly)117 454.8 R 5.438(.I)-.65 G 2.938(np)249.92
454.8 S(articular)262.858 454.8 Q 2.938(,a\231)-.4 G .438
(RCPT\232 command specifying a mailing list will)313.034 454.8 R -.15(ex)117
468.8 S .205(pand and v).15 F .205(erify the entire list; a lar)-.15 F .205
(ge list on a slo)-.18 F 2.705(ws)-.25 G .205(ystem may tak)339.81 468.8 R
2.705(em)-.1 G .205(ore than \214v)413.375 468.8 R 2.705(em)-.15 G(inutes)
474.11 468.8 Q/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(7)498 464.8 Q F1(.)501.5 468.8 Q 3.036(Ir)
117 480.8 S .536(ecommend a one hour timeout \212 since this f)126.696 480.8 R
.536(ailure is rare, a long timeout is not onerous and)-.1 F
(may ultimately help reduce netw)117 492.8 Q(ork load.)-.1 E -.15(Fo)142 509 S
2.5(re).15 G(xample, the line:)162.53 509 Q(Orcommand=25m,datablock=3h)157
525.2 Q .344(sets the serv)117 541.4 R .344(er SMTP command timeout to 25 minu\
tes and the input data block timeout to three)-.15 F(hours.)117 553.4 Q F0 2.5
(4.1.3. Message)102 577.4 R(timeouts)2.5 E F1 .237
(After sitting in the queue for a fe)142 593.6 R 2.737(wd)-.25 G .237
(ays, a message will time out.)289.726 593.6 R .238(This is to insure that at)
5.238 F .283(least the sender is a)117 605.6 R -.1(wa)-.15 G .282
(re of the inability to send a message.).1 F .282
(The timeout is typically set to three)5.282 F 2.5(days. This)117 617.6 R
(timeout is set using the)2.5 E F0(T)2.5 E F1
(option in the con\214guration \214le.)2.5 E .413(The time of submission is se\
t in the queue, rather than the amount of time left until time-)142 633.8 R
3.263(out. As)117 645.8 R 3.263(ar)3.263 G .763
(esult, you can \215ush messages that ha)163.449 645.8 R 1.062 -.15(ve b)-.2 H
.762(een hanging for a short period by running).15 F
(the queue with a short message timeout.)117 657.8 Q -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G
(xample,)302.79 657.8 Q .32 LW 76 669.2 72 669.2 DL 80 669.2 76 669.2 DL 84
669.2 80 669.2 DL 88 669.2 84 669.2 DL 92 669.2 88 669.2 DL 96 669.2 92 669.2
DL 100 669.2 96 669.2 DL 104 669.2 100 669.2 DL 108 669.2 104 669.2 DL 112
669.2 108 669.2 DL 116 669.2 112 669.2 DL 120 669.2 116 669.2 DL 124 669.2 120
669.2 DL 128 669.2 124 669.2 DL 132 669.2 128 669.2 DL 136 669.2 132 669.2 DL
140 669.2 136 669.2 DL 144 669.2 140 669.2 DL 148 669.2 144 669.2 DL 152 669.2
148 669.2 DL 156 669.2 152 669.2 DL 160 669.2 156 669.2 DL 164 669.2 160 669.2
DL 168 669.2 164 669.2 DL 172 669.2 168 669.2 DL 176 669.2 172 669.2 DL 180
669.2 176 669.2 DL 184 669.2 180 669.2 DL 188 669.2 184 669.2 DL 192 669.2 188
669.2 DL 196 669.2 192 669.2 DL 200 669.2 196 669.2 DL 204 669.2 200 669.2 DL
208 669.2 204 669.2 DL 212 669.2 208 669.2 DL 216 669.2 212 669.2 DL/F4 5
/Times-Roman@0 SF(7)93.6 679.6 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .344(This v)3.2 J .344
(eri\214cation includes looking up e)-.12 F -.12(ve)-.2 G .344
(ry address with the name serv).12 F .344(er; this in)-.12 F -.16(vo)-.32 G(lv)
.16 E .344(es netw)-.12 F .343(ork delays, and can in some cases)-.08 F
(can be considerable.)72 692.4 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-20 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255oT1d \255q)157 96 Q(will run the queue and \215ush an)
117 112.2 Q(ything that is one day old.)-.15 E 1.077
(Since this option is global, and since you can not)142 128.4 R/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF 3.577(ap)3.577 G(riori)364.395 128.4 Q F1(kno)3.577 E 3.577
(wh)-.25 G 1.577 -.25(ow l)416.859 128.4 T 1.077(ong another host).25 F .476
(outside your domain will be do)117 140.4 R .475(wn, a \214v)-.25 F 2.975(ed)
-.15 G .475(ay timeout is recommended.)291.785 140.4 R .475(This allo)5.475 F
.475(ws a recipient)-.25 F 1.579(to \214x the problem e)117 152.4 R -.15(ve)
-.25 G 4.079(ni).15 G 4.079(fi)222.545 152.4 S 4.079(to)232.734 152.4 S 1.579
(ccurs at the be)244.593 152.4 R 1.58(ginning of a long week)-.15 F 4.08
(end. RFC)-.1 F 1.58(1123 section)4.08 F
(5.3.1.1 says that this parameter should be `)117 164.4 Q
(`at least 4\2555 days')-.74 E('.)-.74 E(The)142 180.6 Q F0(T)2.711 E F1 .211
(option can also tak)2.711 F 2.711(eas)-.1 G .21
(econd timeout indicating a time after which a w)263.637 180.6 R .21
(arning mes-)-.1 F(sage should be sent; the tw)117 192.6 Q 2.5(ot)-.1 G
(imeouts are separated by a slash.)234.67 192.6 Q -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G
(xample, the v)391.28 192.6 Q(alue)-.25 E(5d/4h)157 208.8 Q .971
(causes email to f)117 225 R .971(ail after \214v)-.1 F 3.471(ed)-.15 G .971
(ays, b)245.326 225 R .971(ut a w)-.2 F .971
(arning message will be sent after four hours.)-.1 F(This)5.972 E
(should be lar)117 237 Q(ge enough that the message will ha)-.18 E .3 -.15
(ve b)-.2 H(een tried se).15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ral times.).15 E F0 2.5(4.2. F)87
261 R(orking During Queue Runs)-.25 E F1 .303(By setting the)127 277.2 R F0(Y)
2.802 E F1(option,)2.802 E F2(sendmail)2.802 E F1 .302
(will fork before each indi)2.802 F .302(vidual message while running the)-.25
F 2.513(queue. This)102 289.2 R .013(will pre)2.513 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt).15 E
F2(sendmail)2.513 E F1 .013(from consuming lar)2.513 F .013
(ge amounts of memory)-.18 F 2.513(,s)-.65 G 2.513(oi)421.993 289.2 S 2.513(tm)
432.286 289.2 S .014(ay be useful in)445.359 289.2 R .592(memory-poor en)102
301.2 R 3.092(vironments. Ho)-.4 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.392 -.4(r, i).15
H 3.092(ft).4 G(he)275.388 301.2 Q F0(Y)3.092 E F1 .591(option is not set,)
3.091 F F2(sendmail)3.091 E F1 .591(will k)3.091 F .591(eep track of hosts)-.1
F(that are do)102 313.2 Q(wn during a queue run, which can impro)-.25 E .3 -.15
(ve p)-.15 H(erformance dramatically).15 E(.)-.65 E(If the)127 329.4 Q F0(Y)2.5
E F1(option is set,)2.5 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(can not use connection caching.)
2.5 E F0 2.5(4.3. Queue)87 353.4 R(Priorities)2.5 E F1(Ev)127 369.6 Q 1.128(er\
y message is assigned a priority when it is \214rst instantiated, consisting o\
f the message)-.15 F .003(size \(in bytes\) of)102 381.6 R .002
(fset by the message class times the \231w)-.25 F .002(ork class f)-.1 F .002
(actor\232 and the number of recipients)-.1 F .637(times the \231w)102 393.6 R
.637(ork recipient f)-.1 F(actor)-.1 E 4.537 -.7(.\232 T)-.55 H .638
(he priority is used to order the queue.).7 F .638(Higher numbers for the)5.638
F(priority mean that the message will be processed later when running the queu\
e.)102 405.6 Q .329(The message size is included so that lar)127 421.8 R .328
(ge messages are penalized relati)-.18 F .628 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.828(os).15 G
.328(mall messages.)443.122 421.8 R .285(The message class allo)102 433.8 R
.285(ws users to send \231high priority\232 messages by including a \231Preced\
ence:\232 \214eld)-.25 F .008(in their message; the v)102 445.8 R .008
(alue of this \214eld is look)-.25 F .007(ed up in the)-.1 F F0(P)2.507 E F1
.007(lines of the con\214guration \214le.)2.507 F .007(Since the)5.007 F 1.966
(number of recipients af)102 457.8 R 1.967
(fects the amount of load a message presents to the system, this is also)-.25 F
(included into the priority)102 469.8 Q(.)-.65 E .895
(The recipient and class f)127 486 R .895
(actors can be set in the con\214guration \214le using the)-.1 F F0(y)3.394 E
F1(and)3.394 E F0(z)3.394 E F1(options)3.394 E(respecti)102 498 Q -.15(ve)-.25
G(ly).15 E 5.962(.T)-.65 G(he)163.842 498 Q 3.462(yd)-.15 G(ef)186.594 498 Q
.962(ault to 30000 \(for the recipient f)-.1 F .963
(actor\) and 1800 \(for the class f)-.1 F 3.463(actor\). The)-.1 F
(initial priority is:)102 510 Q F2(pri)223.76 528 Q/F3 10/Symbol SF(=)3.16 E F2
(msgsize)3.18 E F3(-)2.38 E F1(\()2.2 E F2(class).2 E F3<b4>2.47 E F0(z\))2.2 E
F3(+)2.2 E F1(\()2.2 E F2(nrcpt).36 E F3<b4>2.88 E F0(y\))2.2 E F1(\(Remember)
102 546 Q 3.328(,h)-.4 G .828(igher v)159.638 546 R .828
(alues for this parameter actually mean that the job will be treated with lo)
-.25 F(wer)-.25 E(priority)102 558 Q(.\))-.65 E 1.519(The priority of a job ca\
n also be adjusted each time it is processed \(that is, each time an)127 574.2
R .256(attempt is made to deli)102 586.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.756(ri).15 G .256
(t\) using the \231w)212.04 586.2 R .256(ork time f)-.1 F(actor)-.1 E 1.656 -.7
(,\232 s)-.4 H .256(et by the).7 F F0(Z)2.756 E F1 2.756(option. This)2.756 F
.256(is added to the)2.756 F(priority)102 598.2 Q 2.702(,s)-.65 G 2.703(oi)
140.442 598.2 S 2.703(tn)150.925 598.2 S .203
(ormally decreases the precedence of the job, on the grounds that jobs that ha)
161.408 598.2 R .503 -.15(ve f)-.2 H(ailed).05 E(man)102 610.2 Q 2.5(yt)-.15 G
(imes will tend to f)129.35 610.2 Q(ail ag)-.1 E(ain in the future.)-.05 E(The)
5 E F0(Z)2.5 E F1(option def)2.5 E(aults to 90000.)-.1 E F0 2.5(4.4. Load)87
634.2 R(Limiting)2.5 E F2(Sendmail)127 650.4 Q F1 .102(can be ask)2.602 F .101
(ed to queue \(b)-.1 F .101(ut not deli)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .101
(r\) mail if the system load a).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .101(rage gets too high).15
F .626(using the)102 662.4 R F0(x)3.126 E F1 3.126(option. When)3.126 F .626
(the load a)3.126 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .626(rage e).15 F .626(xceeds the v)-.15 F
.626(alue of the)-.25 F F0(x)3.126 E F1 .626(option, the deli)3.126 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G .627(ry mode is).15 F .987(set to)102 674.4 R F0(q)3.487 E F1 .987
(\(queue only\) if the)3.487 F F2 .987(Queue F)3.487 F(actor)-.75 E F1(\()3.487
E F0(q)A F1 .987(option\) di)3.487 F .986(vided by the dif)-.25 F .986
(ference in the current load)-.25 F -2.25 -.2(av e)102 686.4 T 1.268
(rage and the).2 F F0(x)3.769 E F1 1.269(option plus one e)3.769 F 1.269
(xceeds the priority of the message \212 that is, the message is)-.15 F
(queued if)102 698.4 Q(f:)-.25 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-21)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(pri)269.76 99.23 Q/F2 10
/Times-Roman@0 SF(>)3.16 E F0(q)312.48 92.23 Q F1(LA)294.81 106.23 Q/F3 10
/Symbol SF(-)2.23 E F0(x)2.2 E F3(+)2.2 E .4 LW 336.29 96.63 294.23 96.63 DL F2
(1)331.29 106.23 Q(The)102 120.73 Q F0(q)3.143 E F2 .643(option def)3.143 F
.642(aults to 600000, so each point of load a)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .642
(rage is w).15 F .642(orth 600000 priority points \(as)-.1 F(described abo)102
132.73 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E -.15(Fo)127 148.93 S 2.886(rd).15 G .386
(rastic cases, the)148.626 148.93 R F0(X)2.887 E F2 .387
(option de\214nes a load a)2.887 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .387(rage at which).15 F F1
(sendmail)2.887 E F2 .387(will refuse to accept)2.887 F(netw)102 160.93 Q
(ork connections.)-.1 E
(Locally generated mail \(including incoming UUCP mail\) is still accepted.)5 E
F0 2.5(4.5. Deli)87 184.93 R -.1(ve)-.1 G(ry Mode).1 E F2 .417
(There are a number of deli)127 201.13 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .416(ry modes that).15
F F1(sendmail)2.916 E F2 .416
(can operate in, set by the \231d\232 con\214gura-)2.916 F(tion option.)102
213.13 Q(These modes specify ho)5 E 2.5(wq)-.25 G(uickly mail will be deli)
263.96 213.13 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(red. Le).15 F -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.5(lm).05 G
(odes are:)418.9 213.13 Q 17.22(id)142 229.33 S(eli)167 229.33 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
2.5(ri).15 G(nteracti)194.65 229.33 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly \(synchronously\)).15 E
15(bd)142 241.33 S(eli)167 241.33 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G 2.5(nb)194.65
241.33 S(ackground \(asynchronously\))207.15 241.33 Q 15(qq)142 253.33 S
(ueue only \(don')167 253.33 Q 2.5(td)-.18 G(eli)240.42 253.33 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(r\)).15 E 1.49(There are tradeof)102 269.53 R 3.99(fs. Mode)-.25 F 1.491
(\231i\232 passes the maximum amount of information to the sender)3.99 F 3.991
(,b)-.4 G 1.491(ut is)485.559 269.53 R .433(hardly e)102 281.53 R -.15(ve)-.25
G 2.933(rn).15 G(ecessary)155.226 281.53 Q 5.433(.M)-.65 G .433
(ode \231q\232 puts the minimum load on your machine, b)205.269 281.53 R .432
(ut means that deli)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E .437
(may be delayed for up to the queue interv)102 293.53 R 2.937(al. Mode)-.25 F
.437(\231b\232 is probably a good compromise.)2.937 F(Ho)5.437 E(we)-.25 E -.15
(ve)-.25 G -.4(r,).15 G .033(this mode can cause lar)102 305.53 R .032
(ge numbers of processes if you ha)-.18 F .332 -.15(ve a m)-.2 H .032
(ailer that tak).15 F .032(es a long time to deli)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E
2.5(am)102 317.53 S(essage.)116.72 317.53 Q .337
(If you run in mode \231q\232 \(queue only\) or \231b\232 \(deli)127 333.73 R
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.838(ri).15 G 2.838(nb)341.09 333.73 S(ackground\))353.928
333.73 Q F1(sendmail)2.838 E F2 .338(will not e)2.838 F(xpand)-.15 E 1.314
(aliases and follo)102 345.73 R 3.813(w.)-.25 G(forw)182.901 345.73 Q 1.313
(ard \214les upon initial receipt of the mail.)-.1 F 1.313
(This speeds up the response to)6.313 F(RCPT commands.)102 357.73 Q F0 2.5
(4.6. Log)87 381.73 R(Le)2.5 E -.1(ve)-.15 G(l).1 E F2 .189(The le)127 397.93 R
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.689(lo).15 G 2.689(fl)171.968 397.93 S .189
(ogging can be set for)180.767 397.93 R F1(sendmail)2.689 E F2 5.189(.T)C .189
(he def)317.991 397.93 R .19(ault using a standard con\214guration table)-.1 F
(is le)102 409.93 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l9).15 G 5(.T)137.71 409.93 S(he le)
151.32 409.93 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ls are as follo).15 E(ws:)-.25 E 31(0N)102
426.13 S 2.5(ol)145.22 426.13 S(ogging.)155.5 426.13 Q 31(1S)102 442.33 S
(erious system f)143.56 442.33 Q(ailures and potential security problems.)-.1 E
31(2L)102 458.53 S(ost communications \(netw)144.11 458.53 Q
(ork problems\) and protocol f)-.1 E(ailures.)-.1 E 31(3O)102 474.73 S
(ther serious f)145.22 474.73 Q(ailures.)-.1 E 31(4M)102 490.93 S(inor f)146.89
490.93 Q(ailures.)-.1 E 31(5M)102 507.13 S(essage collection statistics.)146.89
507.13 Q 31(6C)102 523.33 S(reation of error messages, VRFY and EXPN commands.)
144.67 523.33 Q 31(7D)102 539.53 S(eli)145.22 539.53 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry f).15
E(ailures \(host or user unkno)-.1 E(wn, etc.\).)-.25 E 31(8S)102 555.73 S
(uccessful deli)143.56 555.73 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ries.).15 E 31(9M)102 571.93 S
(essages being deferred \(due to a host being do)146.89 571.93 Q(wn, etc.\).)
-.25 E 23.5(10 Database)102 588.13 R -.15(ex)2.5 G(pansion \(alias, forw).15 E
(ard, and userdb lookups\).)-.1 E 23.5(15 Automatic)102 604.33 R
(alias database reb)2.5 E(uilds.)-.2 E 23.5(20 Logs)102 620.53 R .603
(attempts to run lock)3.103 F .603(ed queue \214les.)-.1 F .603
(These are not errors, b)5.603 F .603(ut can be useful to note if)-.2 F
(your queue appears to be clogged.)138 632.53 Q 23.5(30 Lost)102 648.73 R
(locks \(only if using lockf instead of \215ock\).)2.5 E(Additionally)102
664.93 Q 3.683(,v)-.65 G 1.183(alues abo)162.843 664.93 R 1.483 -.15(ve 6)-.15
H 3.683(4a).15 G 1.183(re reserv)232.462 664.93 R 1.183(ed for e)-.15 F 1.183
(xtremely v)-.15 F 1.184(erbose deb)-.15 F 1.184(uggging output.)-.2 F 1.184
(No normal)6.184 F(site w)102 676.93 Q(ould e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rs).15 G
(et these.)168.99 676.93 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-22 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(4.7. File)87 96 R(Modes)2.5 E/F1 10
/Times-Roman@0 SF .813(There are a number of \214les that may ha)127 112.2 R
1.113 -.15(ve a n)-.2 H .813(umber of modes.).15 F .813
(The modes depend on what)5.813 F(functionality you w)102 124.2 Q
(ant and the le)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(lo).15 G 2.5(fs)253.15 124.2 S
(ecurity you require.)262.87 124.2 Q F0 2.5(4.7.1. T)102 148.2 R 2.5(os)-.92 G
(uid or not to suid?)146.64 148.2 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Sendmail)142 164.4
Q F1 .933(can safely be made setuid to root.)3.433 F .934
(At the point where it is about to)5.934 F F2 -.2(ex)3.434 G(ec).2 E F1 .934
(\(2\) a)1.666 F(mailer)117 176.4 Q 2.583(,i)-.4 G 2.583(tc)150.013 176.4 S
.082(hecks to see if the userid is zero; if so, it resets the userid and group\
id to a def)159.816 176.4 R .082(ault \(set)-.1 F .576(by the)117 188.4 R F0(u)
3.076 E F1(and)3.076 E F0(g)3.076 E F1 3.076(options\). \(This)3.076 F .576
(can be o)3.076 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .576(rridden by setting the).15 F F0(S)3.076 E
F1 .577(\215ag to the mailer for mailers)3.077 F 1.532
(that are trusted and must be called as root.\))117 200.4 R(Ho)6.531 E(we)-.25
E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.331 -.4(r, t).15 H 1.531
(his will cause mail processing to be).4 F(accounted \(using)117 212.4 Q F2(sa)
2.5 E F1(\(8\)\) to root rather than to the user sending the mail.)1.666 E F0
2.5(4.7.2. Should)102 236.4 R(my alias database be writable?)2.5 E F1 .058
(At Berk)142 252.6 R(ele)-.1 E 2.558(yw)-.15 G 2.558(eh)200.186 252.6 S -2.25
-.2(av e)212.184 252.6 T .058(the alias database \(/etc/aliases*\) mode 644.)
2.758 F .058(While this is not as \215e)5.058 F(x-)-.15 E 1.719
(ible as if the database were more 666, it a)117 264.6 R -.2(vo)-.2 G 1.718
(ids potential security problems with a globally).2 F(writable database.)117
276.6 Q 1.19(The database that)142 292.8 R F2(sendmail)3.69 E F1 1.191
(actually used is represented by the tw)3.691 F 3.691<6f8c>-.1 G(les)429.118
292.8 Q F2(aliases.dir)3.691 E F1(and)3.691 E F2(aliases.pa)117 304.8 Q(g)-.1 E
F1 .159(\(both in /etc\) \(or)2.659 F F2(aliases.db)2.659 E F1 .159
(if you are running with the ne)2.659 F 2.658(wB)-.25 G(erk)412.854 304.8 Q
(ele)-.1 E 2.658(yd)-.15 G .158(atabase prim-)449.692 304.8 R(iti)117 316.8 Q
-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.606(s\). The).15 F 1.107
(mode on these \214les should match the mode on /etc/aliases.)3.606 F(If)6.107
E F2(aliases)3.607 E F1 1.107(is writable)3.607 F 1.624(and the DBM \214les \()
117 328.8 R F2(aliases.dir)A F1(and)4.124 E F2(aliases.pa)4.124 E(g)-.1 E F1
4.124(\)a)C 1.624(re not, users will be unable to re\215ect their)324.648 328.8
R .719(desired changes through to the actual database.)117 340.8 R(Ho)5.719 E
(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.519 -.4(r, i).15 H(f).4 E F2(aliases)3.219 E F1 .72
(is read-only and the DBM)3.219 F(\214les are writable, a slightly sophisticat\
ed user can arrange to steal mail an)117 352.8 Q(yw)-.15 E(ay)-.1 E(.)-.65 E
.621(If your DBM \214les are not writable by the w)142 369 R .62
(orld or you do not ha)-.1 F .92 -.15(ve a)-.2 H(uto-reb).15 E .62
(uild enabled)-.2 F .564(\(with the \231D\232 option\), then you must be caref\
ul to reconstruct the alias database each time you)117 381 R(change the te)117
393 Q(xt v)-.15 E(ersion:)-.15 E(ne)157 409.2 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E
(If this step is ignored or for)117 425.4 Q(gotten an)-.18 E 2.5(yi)-.15 G
(ntended changes will also be ignored or for)273.32 425.4 Q(gotten.)-.18 E F0
2.5(4.8. Connection)87 449.4 R(Caching)2.5 E F1 .642
(When processing the queue,)127 465.6 R F2(sendmail)3.142 E F1 .642
(will try to k)3.142 F .642(eep the last fe)-.1 F 3.142(wo)-.25 G .642
(pen connections open to)405.144 465.6 R -.2(avo)102 477.6 S
(id startup and shutdo).2 E(wn costs.)-.25 E
(This only applies to IPC connections.)5 E .286
(When trying to open a connection the cache is \214rst searched.)127 493.8 R
.287(If an open connection is found,)5.286 F .92
(it is probed to see if it is still acti)102 505.8 R 1.22 -.15(ve b)-.25 H 3.42
(ys).15 G .92(ending a)270.892 505.8 R/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(NOOP)3.42 E F1
3.42(command. It)3.42 F .92(is not an error if this f)3.42 F(ails;)-.1 E
(instead, the connection is closed and reopened.)102 517.8 Q -1 -.8(Tw o)127
534 T .207(parameters control the connection cache.)3.506 F(The)5.207 E F0(k)
2.707 E F1 .207(option de\214nes the number of simultane-)2.707 F 1.82
(ous open connections that will be permitted.)102 546 R 1.819
(If it is set to zero, connections will be closed as)6.82 F .795
(quickly as possible.)102 558 R .796(The def)5.796 F .796(ault is one.)-.1 F
.796(This should be set as appropriate for your system size; it)5.796 F
(will limit the amount of system resources that)102 570 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1
(will use during queue runs.)2.5 E(The)127 586.2 Q F0(K)3.648 E F1 1.148
(option speci\214es the maximum time that an)3.648 F 3.648(yc)-.15 G 1.148
(ached connection will be permitted to)347.452 586.2 R 2.895(idle. When)102
598.2 R .395(the idle time e)2.895 F .395(xceeds this v)-.15 F .396
(alue the connection is closed.)-.25 F .396(This number should be small)5.396 F
.163(\(under ten minutes\) to pre)102 610.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .163
(nt you from grabbing too man).15 F 2.663(yr)-.15 G .162
(esources from other hosts.)347.49 610.2 R .162(The def)5.162 F(ault)-.1 E
(is \214v)102 622.2 Q 2.5(em)-.15 G(inutes.)136.3 622.2 Q F0 2.5(4.9. Name)87
646.2 R(Ser)2.5 E -.1(ve)-.1 G 2.5(rA).1 G(ccess)172.33 646.2 Q F1 .421
(If your system supports the name serv)127 662.4 R(er)-.15 E 2.921(,t)-.4 G
.421(hen the probability is that)297.147 662.4 R F2(sendmail)2.921 E F1 .422
(will be using it)2.922 F(re)102 674.4 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G 1.432(rdless of ho).05
F 3.932(wy)-.25 G 1.432(ou con\214gure)184.436 674.4 R F2(sendmail)3.932 E F1
6.432(.I)C 3.932(np)288.442 674.4 S(articular)302.374 674.4 Q 3.932(,t)-.4 G
1.431(he system routine)344.506 674.4 R F2 -.1(ge)3.931 G(thostbyname).1 E F1
1.431(\(3\) is)B .43(used to look up host names, and most v)102 686.4 R .431
(endor v)-.15 F .431(ersions try some combination of DNS, NIS, and \214le)-.15
F(lookup in /etc/hosts.)102 698.4 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-23)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(Ho)127 96 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25
G 2.12 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.82(fy).4 G 1.32(ou do not ha)183.85 96 R 1.62 -.15
(ve a n)-.2 H(ameserv).15 E 1.32
(er con\214gured at all, such as at a UUCP-only site,)-.15 F/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)102 108 Q F1 .14(will get a \231connection refused\
\232 message when it tries to connect to the name serv)2.64 F .14(er \(either)
-.15 F .915(indirectly by calling)102 120 R F2 -.1(ge)3.415 G(thostbyname).1 E
F1 .915(or directly by looking up MX records\).)3.415 F .915(If the)5.915 F F0
(I)3.415 E F1 .915(option is set,)3.415 F F2(sendmail)102 132 Q F1 .135
(will interpret this to mean a temporary f)2.635 F .135
(ailure and will queue the mail for later processing;)-.1 F .884
(otherwise, it ignores the name serv)102 144 R .884(er data.)-.15 F .884
(If your name serv)5.884 F .884(er is running properly)-.15 F 3.383(,t)-.65 G
.883(he setting of)452.794 144 R 1.164(this option is not rele)102 156 R -.25
(va)-.25 G 1.164(nt; ho).25 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.964 -.4(r, i).15 H
3.664(ti).4 G 3.664(si)265.818 156 S 1.164
(mportant that it be set properly to mak)276.152 156 R 3.665(ee)-.1 G 1.165
(rror handling)450.345 156 R -.1(wo)102 168 S(rk properly).1 E(.)-.65 E .633
(This option also allo)127 184.2 R .633(ws you to tweak name serv)-.25 F .633
(er options.)-.15 F .632(The command line tak)5.633 F .632(es a series)-.1 F
.442(of \215ags as documented in)102 196.2 R F2 -.37(re)2.942 G(solver).37 E F1
.442(\(3\) \(with the leading \231RES_\232 deleted\).)B .442
(Each can be preceded by)5.442 F(an optional `+' or `)102 208.2 Q/F3 10/Symbol
SF(-)A F1 2.5('. F)B(or e)-.15 E(xample, the line)-.15 E(OIT)142 224.4 Q
(rue +AA)-.35 E(ONL)-.55 E(Y)-1 E F3(-)2.5 E F1(DNSRCH)A .862(turns on the AA)
102 240.6 R(ONL)-.55 E 3.362(Y\()-1 G .862(accept authoritati)201.658 240.6 R
1.162 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .861(nswers only\) and turns of).15 F 3.361(ft)-.25 G
.861(he DNSRCH \(search the)402.827 240.6 R 2.039(domain path\) options.)102
252.6 R 2.039(Most resolv)7.039 F 2.039(er libraries def)-.15 F 2.039
(ault DNSRCH, DEFN)-.1 F 2.039(AMES, and RECURSE)-.35 F .187
(\215ags on and all others of)102 264.6 R 2.687(f. Note)-.25 F .186
(the use of the initial `)2.686 F(`T)-.74 E(rue')-.35 E 2.686('\212t)-.74 G
.186(his is for compatibility with pre)365.82 264.6 R(vi-)-.25 E(ous v)102
276.6 Q(ersions of)-.15 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1 2.5(,b)C
(ut is not otherwise necessary)210.81 276.6 Q(.)-.65 E -1.11(Ve)127 292.8 S
2.256(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.756(l1c).15 G 2.256
(on\214gurations turn DNSRCH and DEFN)200.298 292.8 R 2.257(AMES of)-.35 F
4.757(fw)-.25 G 2.257(hen doing deli)424.896 292.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E
2.06(lookups, b)102 304.8 R 2.06(ut lea)-.2 F 2.36 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.06
(hem on e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.06(rywhere else.).15 F -1.11(Ve)7.06 G 2.06
(rsion 8 of)1.11 F F2(sendmail)4.56 E F1 2.06(ignores them when doing)4.56 F
.313(canoni\214cation lookups \(that is, when using $[ ... $]\), and al)102
316.8 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .313(ys does the search.).1 F .313(If you don')5.313 F
2.813(tw)-.18 G(ant)491.78 316.8 Q(to do automatic name e)102 328.8 Q
(xtension, don')-.15 E 2.5(tc)-.18 G(all $[ ... $].)261.93 328.8 Q .189
(The search rules for $[ ... $] are some)127 345 R .189(what dif)-.25 F .189
(ferent than usual.)-.25 F .189(If the name \(that is, the `)5.189 F(`...)-.74
E -.74('')-.7 G(\)).74 E .109(has at least one dot, it al)102 357 R -.1(wa)-.1
G .109(ys tries the unmodi\214ed name \214rst.).1 F .11(If that f)5.11 F .11
(ails, it tries the reduced search)-.1 F .124
(path, and lastly tries the unmodi\214ed name \(b)102 369 R .124
(ut only for names without a dot, since names with a dot)-.2 F(ha)102 381 Q
.788 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .488(lready been tried\).).15 F .488(This allo)5.488 F
.489(ws names such as `)-.25 F(`utc.CS')-.74 E 2.989('t)-.74 G 2.989(om)362.805
381 S .489(atch the site in Czechoslo)378.574 381 R -.25(va)-.15 G(kia).25 E
1.588(rather than the site in your local Computer Science department.)102 393 R
1.587(It also prefers A and CN)6.587 F(AME)-.35 E .512(records o)102 405 R -.15
(ve)-.15 G 3.012(rM).15 G 3.012(Xr)163.814 405 S .512
(ecords \212 that is, if it \214nds an MX record it mak)177.376 405 R .513
(es note of it, b)-.1 F .513(ut k)-.2 F .513(eeps looking.)-.1 F 1.542(This w)
102 417 R(ay)-.1 E 4.042(,i)-.65 G 4.042(fy)149.054 417 S 1.541(ou ha)161.426
417 R 1.841 -.15(ve a w)-.2 H 1.541
(ildcard MX record matching your domain, it will not assume that all).15 F
(names match.)102 429 Q F0 2.5(4.10. Mo)87 453 R(ving the P)-.1 E(er)-.2 E
(-User F)-.37 E(orward Files)-.25 E F1 .772(Some sites mount each user')127
469.2 R 3.272(sh)-.55 G .772(ome directory from a local disk on their w)256.13
469.2 R .772(orkstation, so that)-.1 F .576(local access is f)102 481.2 R 3.076
(ast. Ho)-.1 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.376 -.4(r, t).15 H .575
(he result is that .forw).4 F .575(ard \214le lookups are slo)-.1 F 4.375 -.65
(w. I)-.25 H 3.075(ns).65 G .575(ome cases, mail)439.25 481.2 R .216(can e)102
493.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.716(nb).15 G 2.716(ed)144.792 493.2 S(eli)156.948
493.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .216
(red on machines inappropriately because of a \214le serv).15 F .216
(er being do)-.15 F 2.716(wn. The)-.25 F(perfor)2.716 E(-)-.2 E
(mance can be especially bad if you run the automounter)102 505.2 Q(.)-.55 E
(The)127 521.4 Q F0(J)2.5 E F1(option allo)2.5 E(ws you to set a path of forw)
-.25 E(ard \214les.)-.1 E -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G
(xample, the con\214g \214le line)366.6 521.4 Q(OJ/v)142 537.6 Q(ar/forw)-.25 E
(ard/$u:$z/.forw)-.1 E(ard)-.1 E -.1(wo)102 553.8 S .208
(uld \214rst look for a \214le with the same name as the user').1 F 2.707(sl)
-.55 G .207(ogin in /v)343.191 553.8 R(ar/forw)-.25 E .207
(ard; if that is not found)-.1 F .129
(\(or is inaccessible\) the \214le \231.forw)102 565.8 R .129
(ard\232 in the user')-.1 F 2.629(sh)-.55 G .13(ome directory is searched.)
311.901 565.8 R 2.63(At)5.13 G .13(ruly perv)435.02 565.8 R .13(erse site)-.15
F(could also search by sender by using $r)102 577.8 Q 2.5(,$)-.4 G(s, or $f.)
269.07 577.8 Q .69(If you create a directory such as /v)127 594 R(ar/forw)-.25
E .69(ard, it should be mode 1777 \(that is, the stick)-.1 F 3.19(yb)-.15 G(it)
498.44 594 Q(should be set\).)102 606 Q
(Users should create the \214les mode 644.)5 E F0 2.5(4.11. Fr)87 630 R
(ee Space)-.18 E F1 1.122(On systems that ha)127 646.2 R 1.422 -.15(ve t)-.2 H
(he).15 E F2(statfs)3.622 E F1 1.123
(\(2\) system call, you can specify a minimum number of free)B .61
(blocks on the queue \214lesystem using the)102 658.2 R F0(b)3.11 E F1 3.11
(option. If)3.11 F .61(there are fe)3.11 F .61
(wer than the indicated number of)-.25 F .406
(blocks free on the \214lesystem on which the queue is mounted the SMTP serv)
102 670.2 R .407(er will reject mail with)-.15 F(the 452 error code.)102 682.2
Q(This in)5 E(vites the SMTP client to try ag)-.4 E(ain later)-.05 E(.)-.55 E
(Be)127 698.4 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G .746(re of setting this option too high; it can \
cause rejection of email when that mail w).1 F(ould)-.1 E
(be processed without dif)102 710.4 Q(\214culty)-.25 E(.)-.65 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-24 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.772
(This option can also specify an adv)127 96 R 1.773
(ertised \231maximum message size\232 for hosts that speak)-.15 F(ESMTP)102 108
Q(.)-1.11 E F0 2.5(4.12. Pri)87 132 R -.1(va)-.1 G(cy Flags).1 E F1(The)127
148.2 Q F0(p)3.591 E F1 1.091(option allo)3.591 F 1.091
(ws you to set certain `)-.25 F(`pri)-.74 E -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G 2.571
-.74('' \215).15 H 3.591(ags. Actually).74 F 3.59(,m)-.65 G(an)409.27 148.2 Q
3.59(yo)-.15 G 3.59(ft)432.15 148.2 S 1.09(hem don')441.85 148.2 R 3.59(tg)-.18
G -2.15 -.25(iv e)492.18 148.2 T .254(you an)102 160.2 R 2.754(ye)-.15 G .254
(xtra pri)141.088 160.2 R -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G 2.754(,r)-.5 G .254
(ather just insisting that client SMTP serv)196.666 160.2 R .254
(ers use the HELO command before)-.15 F(using certain commands.)102 172.2 Q
.124(The option tak)127 188.4 R .124
(es a series of \215ag names; the \214nal pri)-.1 F -.25(va)-.25 G .424 -.15
(cy i).25 H 2.624(st).15 G .124(he inclusi)367.708 188.4 R .424 -.15(ve o)-.25
H 2.624(ro).15 G 2.624(ft)434.06 188.4 S .123(hose \215ags.)442.794 188.4 R
-.15(Fo)5.123 G(r).15 E -.15(ex)102 200.4 S(ample:).15 E(Op needmailhelo, noe)
142 216.6 Q(xpn)-.15 E .928(insists that the HELO or EHLO command be used befo\
re a MAIL command is accepted and dis-)102 232.8 R(ables the EXPN command.)102
244.8 Q .244(The \231restrictmailq\232 option restricts printing the queue to \
the group that o)127 261 R .244(wns the queue direc-)-.25 F(tory)102 273 Q 5
(.I)-.65 G 2.5(ti)128.29 273 S 2.5(sa)136.35 273 S
(bsurd to set this if you don')147.18 273 Q 2.5(ta)-.18 G
(lso protect the logs.)266.72 273 Q .83(The \231restrictqrun\232 option restri\
cts people running the queue \(that is, using the)127 289.2 R F0<ad71>3.33 E F1
(command)3.33 E(line \215ag\) to root and the o)102 301.2 Q
(wner of the queue directory)-.25 E(.)-.65 E F0 2.5(4.13. Send)87 325.2 R
(to Me T)2.5 E(oo)-.92 E F1(Normally)127 341.4 Q(,)-.65 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0
SF(sendmail)3.424 E F1 .924(deletes the \(en)3.424 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .923
(lope\) sender from an).15 F 3.423(yl)-.15 G .923(ist e)375.488 341.4 R 3.423
(xpansions. F)-.15 F .923(or e)-.15 F .923(xample, if)-.15 F .761(\231matt\232\
 sends to a list that contains \231matt\232 as one of the members he w)102
353.4 R(on')-.1 E 3.261(tg)-.18 G .761(et a cop)416.705 353.4 R 3.261(yo)-.1 G
3.261(ft)462.488 353.4 S .761(he mes-)471.859 353.4 R 3.067(sage. If)102 365.4
R(the)3.067 E F0<ad6d>3.067 E F1 .567
(\(me too\) command line \215ag, or if the)3.067 F F0(m)3.066 E F1 .566
(option is set in the con\214guration \214le, this)3.066 F(beha)102 377.4 Q
(viour is supressed.)-.2 E(Some sites lik)5 E 2.5(et)-.1 G 2.5(or)265.58 377.4
S(un the)276.41 377.4 Q/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(SMTP)2.5 E F1(daemon with)2.5 E
F0<ad6d>2.5 E F1(.)A F0 2.5(5. THE)72 401.4 R(WHOLE SCOOP ON THE CONFIGURA)2.5
E(TION FILE)-.95 E F1 .264(This section describes the con\214guration \214le i\
n detail, including hints on ho)112 417.6 R 2.764(wt)-.25 G 2.764(ow)426.294
417.6 S .264(rite one of your)441.278 417.6 R -.25(ow)87 429.6 S 2.5(ni).25 G
2.5(fy)109.25 429.6 S(ou ha)120.08 429.6 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(o.).15 E .648(Th\
ere is one point that should be made clear immediately: the syntax of the con\
\214guration \214le is)112 445.8 R 1.076
(designed to be reasonably easy to parse, since this is done e)87 457.8 R -.15
(ve)-.25 G 1.077(ry time).15 F F2(sendmail)3.577 E F1 1.077
(starts up, rather than)3.577 F(easy for a human to read or write.)87 469.8 Q
(On the \231future project\232 list is a con\214guration-\214le compiler)5 E(.)
-.55 E(An o)112 486 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(rvie).15 E 2.5(wo)-.25 G 2.5(ft)170.88 486
S(he con\214guration \214le is gi)179.49 486 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5<6e8c>.15 G
(rst, follo)301.59 486 Q(wed by details of the semantics.)-.25 E F0 2.5
(5.1. Con\214guration)87 510 R(File Lines)2.5 E F1 1.316
(The con\214guration \214le is or)127 526.2 R -.05(ga)-.18 G 1.316
(nized as a series of lines, each of which be).05 F 1.315(gins with a single)
-.15 F .741(character de\214ning the semantics for the rest of the line.)102
538.2 R .742(Lines be)5.742 F .742(ginning with a space or a tab are)-.15 F
1.149
(continuation lines \(although the semantics are not well de\214ned in man)102
550.2 R 3.648(yp)-.15 G 3.648(laces\). Blank)407.516 550.2 R 1.148(lines and)
3.648 F(lines be)102 562.2 Q(ginning with a sharp symbol \(`#'\) are comments.)
-.15 E F0 2.5(5.1.1. R)102 586.2 R(and S \212 r)2.5 E(ewriting rules)-.18 E F1
.406(The core of address parsing are the re)142 602.4 R .406(writing rules.)
-.25 F .407(These are an ordered production sys-)5.407 F(tem.)117 614.4 Q F2
(Sendmail)5.283 E F1 .283(scans through the set of re)2.783 F .282
(writing rules looking for a match on the left hand side)-.25 F .131
(\(LHS\) of the rule.)117 626.4 R .131(When a rule matches, the address is rep\
laced by the right hand side \(RHS\) of)5.131 F(the rule.)117 638.4 Q 1.126
(There are se)142 654.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.126(ral sets of re).15 F 1.126
(writing rules.)-.25 F 1.126(Some of the re)6.126 F 1.125
(writing sets are used internally)-.25 F .21(and must ha)117 666.6 R .51 -.15
(ve s)-.2 H .21(peci\214c semantics.).15 F .21(Other re)5.21 F .21
(writing sets do not ha)-.25 F .51 -.15(ve s)-.2 H .21
(peci\214cally assigned seman-).15 F
(tics, and may be referenced by the mailer de\214nitions or by other re)117
678.6 Q(writing sets.)-.25 E(The syntax of these tw)142 694.8 Q 2.5(oc)-.1 G
(ommands are:)244.38 694.8 Q F0(S)157 711 Q F2(n)A EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-25)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .278
(Sets the current ruleset being collected to)117 96 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
(n)2.778 E F1 5.278(.I)C 2.778(fy)302.524 96 S .278(ou be)313.632 96 R .278
(gin a ruleset more than once it deletes the)-.15 F(old de\214nition.)117 108 Q
F0(R)157 124.2 Q F2(lhs rhs comments)A F1 .303(The \214elds must be separated \
by at least one tab character; there may be embedded spaces in the)117 140.4 R
2.739(\214elds. The)117 152.4 R F2(lhs)2.739 E F1 .239
(is a pattern that is applied to the input.)2.739 F .238
(If it matches, the input is re)5.238 F .238(written to the)-.25 F F2(rhs)117
164.4 Q F1 5(.T)C(he)143.39 164.4 Q F2(comments)2.5 E F1(are ignored.)2.5 E
2.265(Macro e)142 180.6 R 2.265(xpansions of the form)-.15 F F0($)4.765 E F2(x)
A F1 2.266(are performed when the con\214guration \214le is read.)4.765 F .081
(Expansions of the form)117 192.6 R F0($&)2.581 E F2(x)A F1 .081
(are performed at run time using a some)2.581 F .08
(what less general algorithm.)-.25 F .639
(This for is intended only for referencing internally de\214ned macros such as)
117 204.6 R F0($h)3.139 E F1 .639(that are changed)3.139 F(at runtime.)117
216.6 Q F0 2.5(5.1.1.1. The)117 240.6 R(left hand side)2.5 E F1 1.617
(The left hand side of re)157 256.8 R 1.617(writing rules contains a pattern.)
-.25 F 1.617(Normal w)6.617 F 1.617(ords are simply)-.1 F(matched directly)132
268.8 Q 5(.M)-.65 G(etasyntax is introduced using a dollar sign.)214.67 268.8 Q
(The metasymbols are:)5 E F0($*)172 285 Q F1(Match zero or more tok)192.14 285
Q(ens)-.1 E F0($+)172 297 Q F1(Match one or more tok)9.44 E(ens)-.1 E F0<24ad>
172 309 Q F1(Match e)9.44 E(xactly one tok)-.15 E(en)-.1 E F0($=)172 321 Q F2
(x)A F1(Match an)5 E 2.5(yp)-.15 G(hrase in class)241.98 321 Q F2(x)2.5 E F0
($~)172 333 Q F2(x)A F1(Match an)7.37 E 2.5(yw)-.15 G(ord not in class)244.1
333 Q F2(x)2.5 E F1 .498(If an)132 349.2 R 2.998(yo)-.15 G 2.998(ft)163.946
349.2 S .499(hese match, the)173.054 349.2 R 2.999(ya)-.15 G .499
(re assigned to the symbol)248.271 349.2 R F0($)2.999 E F2(n)A F1 .499
(for replacement on the right hand)2.999 F(side, where)132 361.2 Q F2(n)2.5 E
F1(is the inde)2.5 E 2.5(xi)-.15 G 2.5(nt)238.78 361.2 S(he LHS.)249.06 361.2 Q
-.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample, if the LHS:)307.92 361.2 Q($\255:$+)172 377.4
Q(is applied to the input:)132 393.6 Q(UCB)172 409.8 Q(ARP)-.35 E(A:eric)-.92 E
(the rule will match, and the v)132 426 Q(alues passed to the RHS will be:)-.25
E 7.5($1 UCB)172 442.2 R(ARP)-.35 E(A)-.92 E 7.5($2 eric)172 454.2 R
(Additionally)157 474.6 Q 3.398(,t)-.65 G .898(he LHS can include)215.588 474.6
R F0($@)3.398 E F1 .898(to match zero tok)3.398 F 3.398(ens. This)-.1 F(is)
3.398 E F2(not)3.398 E F1 .898(bound to a)3.398 F F0($)132 486.6 Q F2(N)A F1
.837(on the RHS, and is normally only used when it stands alone in order to ma\
tch the null)3.337 F(input.)132 498.6 Q F0 2.5(5.1.1.2. The)117 522.6 R
(right hand side)2.5 E F1 .526(When the left hand side of a re)157 538.8 R .525
(writing rule matches, the input is deleted and replaced)-.25 F .931
(by the right hand side.)132 550.8 R -.8(To)5.932 G -.1(ke).8 G .932
(ns are copied directly from the RHS unless the).1 F 3.432(yb)-.15 G -.15(eg)
457.846 550.8 S .932(in with a).15 F(dollar sign.)132 562.8 Q(Metasymbols are:)
5 E F0($)172 579 Q F2(n)A F1(Substitute inde\214nite tok)222.55 579 Q(en)-.1 E
F2(n)2.5 E F1(from LHS)2.5 E F0($[)172 591 Q F2(name)A F0($])A F1(Canonicalize)
222.55 591 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0($\()172 603 Q F2(map k)A -.3(ey)-.1 G F0($@)2.8 E
F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0($:)2.5 E F2(default)A F0($\))2.5 E F1(Generalized k)
222.55 615 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(ed mapping function).15 E F0($>)172 627 Q F2(n)A F1
(\231Call\232 ruleset)222.55 627 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0($#)172 639 Q F2(mailer)A F1
(Resolv)222.55 639 Q 2.5(et)-.15 G(o)259.9 639 Q F2(mailer)2.5 E F0($@)172 651
Q F2(host)A F1(Specify)222.55 651 Q F2(host)2.5 E F0($:)172 663 Q F2(user)A F1
(Specify)222.55 663 Q F2(user)2.5 E F1(The)157 683.4 Q F0($)3.013 E F2(n)A F1
.513(syntax substitutes the corresponding v)3.013 F .513(alue from a)-.25 F F0
($+)3.013 E F1(,)A F0<24ad>3.013 E F1(,)A F0($*)3.012 E F1(,)A F0($=)3.012 E F1
3.012(,o)C(r)461.876 683.4 Q F0($~)3.012 E F1(match)3.012 E(on the LHS.)132
695.4 Q(It may be used an)5 E(ywhere.)-.15 E 2.7(Ah)157 711.6 S .2
(ost name enclosed between)171.92 711.6 R F0($[)2.7 E F1(and)2.7 E F0($])2.7 E
F1 .2(is look)2.7 F .201(ed up using the)-.1 F F2 -.1(ge)2.701 G(thostent).1 E
F1 .201(\(3\) routines)1.666 F EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-26 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 3.333
(and replaced by the canonical name)132 98 R/F2 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(8)291.675 94
Q F1 8.333(.F)295.175 98 S 3.333(or e)311.418 98 R 3.332
(xample, \231$[csam$]\232 might become \231lbl-)-.15 F 1.923
(csam.arpa\232 and \231$[[128.32.130.2]$]\232 w)132 110 R 1.923
(ould become \231v)-.1 F(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU.)
.65 E<9a>-.7 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Send-)6.924 E(mail)132 122 Q F1 .436
(recognizes it')2.936 F 2.936(sn)-.55 G .436
(umeric IP address without calling the name serv)218.578 122 R .435
(er and replaces it with)-.15 F(it')132 134 Q 2.5(sc)-.55 G(anonical name.)
151.17 134 Q(The)157 150.2 Q F0($\()2.861 E F1(...)2.861 E F0($\))5.361 E F1
.361(syntax is a more general form of lookup; it uses a named map instead of)
2.861 F .028(an implicit map.)132 162.2 R .027
(If no lookup is found, the indicated)5.027 F F3(default)2.527 E F1 .027
(is inserted; if no def)2.527 F .027(ault is spec-)-.1 F
(i\214ed and no lookup matches, the v)132 174.2 Q(alue is left unchanged.)-.25
E(The)157 190.4 Q F0($>)3.571 E F3(n)A F1 1.071
(syntax causes the remainder of the line to be substituted as usual and then)
3.571 F .572(passed as the ar)132 202.4 R .572(gument to ruleset)-.18 F F3(n)
3.072 E F1 5.572(.T)C .572(he \214nal v)288.854 202.4 R .572(alue of ruleset)
-.25 F F3(n)3.072 E F1 .571(then becomes the substitu-)3.072 F
(tion for this rule.)132 214.4 Q(The)157 230.6 Q F0($#)3.358 E F1 .858
(syntax should)3.358 F F3(only)3.358 E F1 .858
(be used in ruleset zero or a subroutine of ruleset zero.)3.358 F(It)5.859 E
1.1(causes e)132 242.6 R -.25(va)-.25 G 1.1
(luation of the ruleset to terminate immediately).25 F 3.6(,a)-.65 G 1.1
(nd signals to)377.11 242.6 R F3(sendmail)3.6 E F1 1.1(that the)3.6 F
(address has completely resolv)132 254.6 Q 2.5(ed. The)-.15 F
(complete syntax is:)2.5 E F0($#)172 270.8 Q F3(mailer)A F0($@)2.5 E F3(host)A
F0($:)2.5 E F3(user)A F1 .394(This speci\214es the {mailer)132 287 R 2.894(,h)
-.4 G .394(ost, user} 3-tuple necessary to direct the mailer)245.466 287 R
5.394(.I)-.55 G 2.894(ft)447.548 287 S .394(he mailer is)456.552 287 R .135
(local the host part may be omitted)132 301 R F2(9)268.91 297 Q F1 5.135(.T)
272.41 301 S(he)286.155 301 Q F3(mailer)2.635 E F1 .136(must be a single w)
2.636 F .136(ord, b)-.1 F .136(ut the)-.2 F F3(host)2.636 E F1(and)2.636 E F3
(user)2.636 E F1 .252(may be multi-part.)132 313 R .252(If the)5.252 F F3
(mailer)2.752 E F1 .252(is the b)2.752 F .252(uiltin IPC mailer)-.2 F 2.752(,t)
-.4 G(he)369.722 313 Q F3(host)2.752 E F1 .251(may be a colon-separated)2.752 F
2.439(list of hosts that are searched in order for the \214rst w)132 325 R
2.439(orking address \(e)-.1 F 2.439(xactly lik)-.15 F 4.939(eM)-.1 G(X)496.78
325 Q 5.185(records\). The)132 337 R F3(user)5.185 E F1 2.685(is later re)5.185
F 2.685(written by the mailer)-.25 F 2.685(-speci\214c en)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.4 G
2.685(lope re).15 F 2.685(writing set and)-.25 F .122(assigned to the)132 349 R
F0($u)2.622 E F1 2.622(macro. As)2.622 F 2.622(as)2.622 G .123
(pecial case, if the v)264.784 349 R .123(alue to)-.25 F F0($#)2.623 E F1 .123
(is \231local\232 and the \214rst charac-)2.623 F .458(ter of the)132 361 R F0
($:)2.958 E F1 -.25(va)2.958 G .458
(lue is \231@\232, the \231@\232 is stripped of).25 F .457
(f, and a \215ag is set in the address descriptor)-.25 F
(that causes sendmail to not do ruleset 5 processing.)132 373 Q(Normally)157
389.2 Q 3.593(,ar)-.65 G 1.093
(ule that matches is retried, that is, the rule loops until it f)212.136 389.2
R 3.594(ails. A)-.1 F(RHS)3.594 E .209(may also be preceded by a)132 401.2 R F0
($@)2.709 E F1 .209(or a)2.709 F F0($:)2.708 E F1 .208(to change this beha)
2.708 F(vior)-.2 E 5.208(.A)-.55 G F0($@)398.338 401.2 Q F1 .208
(pre\214x causes the rule-)2.708 F .527
(set to return with the remainder of the RHS as the v)132 413.2 R 3.027
(alue. A)-.25 F F0($:)3.028 E F1 .528(pre\214x causes the rule to ter)3.028 F
(-)-.2 E .295(minate immediately)132 425.2 R 2.795(,b)-.65 G .294
(ut the ruleset to continue; this can be used to a)221.46 425.2 R -.2(vo)-.2 G
.294(id continued applica-).2 F(tion of a rule.)132 437.2 Q
(The pre\214x is stripped before continuing.)5 E(The)157 453.4 Q F0($@)2.5 E F1
(and)2.5 E F0($:)2.5 E F1(pre\214x)2.5 E(es may precede a)-.15 E F0($>)2.5 E F1
(spec; for e)2.5 E(xample:)-.15 E 20.19(R$+ $:)172 469.6 R($>7 $1)2.5 E .256
(matches an)132 485.8 R .256(ything, passes that to ruleset se)-.15 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G .256(n, and continues; the).15 F F0($:)2.756 E F1 .256
(is necessary to a)2.756 F -.2(vo)-.2 G .256(id an).2 F(in\214nite loop.)132
497.8 Q .051(Substitution occurs in the order described, that is, parameters f\
rom the LHS are substi-)157 514 R .556(tuted, hostnames are canonicalized, \
\231subroutines\232 are called, and \214nally)132 526 R F0($#)3.056 E F1(,)A F0
($@)3.056 E F1 3.056(,a)C(nd)467.346 526 Q F0($:)3.057 E F1(are)3.057 E
(processed.)132 538 Q F0 2.5(5.1.1.3. Semantics)117 562 R(of r)2.5 E
(ewriting rule sets)-.18 E F1 2.922(There are \214v)157 578.2 R 5.422(er)-.15 G
-.25(ew)226.976 578.2 S 2.922(riting sets that ha).25 F 3.222 -.15(ve s)-.2 H
2.922(peci\214c semantics.).15 F 2.921(These are related as)7.921 F
(depicted by \214gure 2.)132 590.2 Q 1.091
(Ruleset three should turn the address into \231canonical form.)157 606.4 R
6.092<9a54>-.7 G 1.092(his form should ha)416.914 606.4 R -.15(ve)-.2 G
(the basic syntax:)132 618.4 Q(local-part@host-domain-spec)172 634.6 Q 1.296
(If no \231@\232 sign is speci\214ed, then the host-domain-spec)132 650.8 R F3
(may)3.796 E F1 1.295(be appended from the sender)3.796 F 1.284
(address \(if the)132 662.8 R F0(C)3.784 E F1 1.284
(\215ag is set in the mailer de\214nition corresponding to the)3.784 F F3
(sending)3.784 E F1(mailer\).)3.784 E .32 LW 76 672.4 72 672.4 DL 80 672.4 76
672.4 DL 84 672.4 80 672.4 DL 88 672.4 84 672.4 DL 92 672.4 88 672.4 DL 96
672.4 92 672.4 DL 100 672.4 96 672.4 DL 104 672.4 100 672.4 DL 108 672.4 104
672.4 DL 112 672.4 108 672.4 DL 116 672.4 112 672.4 DL 120 672.4 116 672.4 DL
124 672.4 120 672.4 DL 128 672.4 124 672.4 DL 132 672.4 128 672.4 DL 136 672.4
132 672.4 DL 140 672.4 136 672.4 DL 144 672.4 140 672.4 DL 148 672.4 144 672.4
DL 152 672.4 148 672.4 DL 156 672.4 152 672.4 DL 160 672.4 156 672.4 DL 164
672.4 160 672.4 DL 168 672.4 164 672.4 DL 172 672.4 168 672.4 DL 176 672.4 172
672.4 DL 180 672.4 176 672.4 DL 184 672.4 180 672.4 DL 188 672.4 184 672.4 DL
192 672.4 188 672.4 DL 196 672.4 192 672.4 DL 200 672.4 196 672.4 DL 204 672.4
200 672.4 DL 208 672.4 204 672.4 DL 212 672.4 208 672.4 DL 216 672.4 212 672.4
DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(8)93.6 682.8 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF
(This is actually completely equi)3.2 I -.2(va)-.2 G(lent to $\(host).2 E/F6 8
/Times-Italic@0 SF(hostname)2 E F5 2($\). In)B(particular)2 E 2(,a)-.32 G/F7 8
/Times-Bold@0 SF($:)A F5(def)2 E(ault can be used.)-.08 E F4(9)93.6 696.4 Q F5
-.88(Yo)3.2 K 2.208(um).88 G .208(ay w)117.428 699.6 R .208
(ant to use it for special \231per user\232 e)-.08 F 2.208(xtensions. F)-.12 F
.208(or e)-.12 F .208
(xample, at CMU you can send email to \231jgm+foo\232; the part af-)-.12 F(ter\
 the plus sign is not part of the user name, and is passed to the local mailer\
 for local use.)72 709.2 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-27)452.9 60 Q .4 LW 77 108 72 108 DL 79 108 74 108 DL 84 108 79 108 DL
89 108 84 108 DL 94 108 89 108 DL 99 108 94 108 DL 104 108 99 108 DL 109 108
104 108 DL 114 108 109 108 DL 119 108 114 108 DL 124 108 119 108 DL 129 108 124
108 DL 134 108 129 108 DL 139 108 134 108 DL 144 108 139 108 DL 149 108 144 108
DL 154 108 149 108 DL 159 108 154 108 DL 164 108 159 108 DL 169 108 164 108 DL
174 108 169 108 DL 179 108 174 108 DL 184 108 179 108 DL 189 108 184 108 DL 194
108 189 108 DL 199 108 194 108 DL 204 108 199 108 DL 209 108 204 108 DL 214 108
209 108 DL 219 108 214 108 DL 224 108 219 108 DL 229 108 224 108 DL 234 108 229
108 DL 239 108 234 108 DL 244 108 239 108 DL 249 108 244 108 DL 254 108 249 108
DL 259 108 254 108 DL 264 108 259 108 DL 269 108 264 108 DL 274 108 269 108 DL
279 108 274 108 DL 284 108 279 108 DL 289 108 284 108 DL 294 108 289 108 DL 299
108 294 108 DL 304 108 299 108 DL 309 108 304 108 DL 314 108 309 108 DL 319 108
314 108 DL 324 108 319 108 DL 329 108 324 108 DL 334 108 329 108 DL 339 108 334
108 DL 344 108 339 108 DL 349 108 344 108 DL 354 108 349 108 DL 359 108 354 108
DL 364 108 359 108 DL 369 108 364 108 DL 374 108 369 108 DL 379 108 374 108 DL
384 108 379 108 DL 389 108 384 108 DL 394 108 389 108 DL 399 108 394 108 DL 404
108 399 108 DL 409 108 404 108 DL 414 108 409 108 DL 419 108 414 108 DL 424 108
419 108 DL 429 108 424 108 DL 434 108 429 108 DL 439 108 434 108 DL 444 108 439
108 DL 449 108 444 108 DL 454 108 449 108 DL 459 108 454 108 DL 464 108 459 108
DL 469 108 464 108 DL 474 108 469 108 DL 479 108 474 108 DL 484 108 479 108 DL
489 108 484 108 DL 494 108 489 108 DL 499 108 494 108 DL 504 108 499 108 DL/F1
10/Times-Roman@0 SF(addr)91.915 202.4 Q 133.2 200.4 111.6 200.4 DL 133.2 200.4
126 202.2 DL 133.2 200.4 126 198.6 DL(3)141.5 202.4 Q 133.2 189.6 133.2 211.2
DL 154.8 189.6 133.2 189.6 DL 154.8 211.2 154.8 189.6 DL 133.2 211.2 154.8
211.2 DL 176.4 200.4 154.8 200.4 DL 176.4 200.4 169.2 202.2 DL 176.4 200.4
169.2 198.6 DL(D)183.59 202.4 Q 176.4 189.6 176.4 211.2 DL 198 189.6 176.4
189.6 DL 198 211.2 198 189.6 DL 176.4 211.2 198 211.2 DL 219.6 200.4 198 200.4
DL 277.2 182.4 255.6 182.4 DL 277.2 182.4 270 184.2 DL 277.2 182.4 270 180.6 DL
(1)285.5 184.4 Q 277.2 171.6 277.2 193.2 DL 298.8 171.6 277.2 171.6 DL 298.8
193.2 298.8 171.6 DL 277.2 193.2 298.8 193.2 DL 320.4 182.4 298.8 182.4 DL
320.4 182.4 313.2 184.2 DL 320.4 182.4 313.2 180.6 DL(S)328.42 184.4 Q 320.4
171.6 320.4 193.2 DL 342 171.6 320.4 171.6 DL 342 193.2 342 171.6 DL 320.4
193.2 342 193.2 DL 363.6 182.4 342 182.4 DL 277.2 218.4 255.6 218.4 DL 277.2
218.4 270 220.2 DL 277.2 218.4 270 216.6 DL(2)285.5 220.4 Q 277.2 207.6 277.2
229.2 DL 298.8 207.6 277.2 207.6 DL 298.8 229.2 298.8 207.6 DL 277.2 229.2
298.8 229.2 DL 320.4 218.4 298.8 218.4 DL 320.4 218.4 313.2 220.2 DL 320.4
218.4 313.2 216.6 DL(R)327.865 220.4 Q 320.4 207.6 320.4 229.2 DL 342 207.6
320.4 207.6 DL 342 229.2 342 207.6 DL 320.4 229.2 342 229.2 DL 363.6 218.4 342
218.4 DL 421.2 200.4 399.6 200.4 DL 421.2 200.4 414 202.2 DL 421.2 200.4 414
198.6 DL(4)429.5 202.4 Q 421.2 189.6 421.2 211.2 DL 442.8 189.6 421.2 189.6 DL
442.8 211.2 442.8 189.6 DL 421.2 211.2 442.8 211.2 DL 464.4 200.4 442.8 200.4
DL 464.4 200.4 457.2 202.2 DL 464.4 200.4 457.2 198.6 DL(msg)466.865 202.4 Q
255.6 182.4 219.6 200.4 DL 255.6 218.4 219.6 200.4 DL 399.6 200.4 363.6 182.4
DL 399.6 200.4 363.6 218.4 DL 208.8 146.4 187.2 146.4 DL 208.8 146.4 201.6
148.2 DL 208.8 146.4 201.6 144.6 DL(0)217.1 148.4 Q 208.8 135.6 208.8 157.2 DL
230.4 135.6 208.8 135.6 DL 230.4 157.2 230.4 135.6 DL 208.8 157.2 230.4 157.2
DL 252 146.4 230.4 146.4 DL 252 146.4 244.8 148.2 DL 252 146.4 244.8 144.6 DL
(resolv)265.69 148.4 Q(ed address)-.15 E 187.2 146.4 162 200.4 DL
(Figure 2 \212 Re)216.045 248.4 Q(writing set semantics)-.25 E 2.5(D\212s)
209.35 260.4 S(ender domain addition)235.46 260.4 Q 2.5(S\212m)209.35 272.4 S
(ailer)237.69 272.4 Q(-speci\214c sender re)-.2 E(writing)-.25 E 2.5(R\212m)
209.35 284.4 S(ailer)238.8 284.4 Q(-speci\214c recipient re)-.2 E(writing)-.25
E 77 296.4 72 296.4 DL 79 296.4 74 296.4 DL 84 296.4 79 296.4 DL 89 296.4 84
296.4 DL 94 296.4 89 296.4 DL 99 296.4 94 296.4 DL 104 296.4 99 296.4 DL 109
296.4 104 296.4 DL 114 296.4 109 296.4 DL 119 296.4 114 296.4 DL 124 296.4 119
296.4 DL 129 296.4 124 296.4 DL 134 296.4 129 296.4 DL 139 296.4 134 296.4 DL
144 296.4 139 296.4 DL 149 296.4 144 296.4 DL 154 296.4 149 296.4 DL 159 296.4
154 296.4 DL 164 296.4 159 296.4 DL 169 296.4 164 296.4 DL 174 296.4 169 296.4
DL 179 296.4 174 296.4 DL 184 296.4 179 296.4 DL 189 296.4 184 296.4 DL 194
296.4 189 296.4 DL 199 296.4 194 296.4 DL 204 296.4 199 296.4 DL 209 296.4 204
296.4 DL 214 296.4 209 296.4 DL 219 296.4 214 296.4 DL 224 296.4 219 296.4 DL
229 296.4 224 296.4 DL 234 296.4 229 296.4 DL 239 296.4 234 296.4 DL 244 296.4
239 296.4 DL 249 296.4 244 296.4 DL 254 296.4 249 296.4 DL 259 296.4 254 296.4
DL 264 296.4 259 296.4 DL 269 296.4 264 296.4 DL 274 296.4 269 296.4 DL 279
296.4 274 296.4 DL 284 296.4 279 296.4 DL 289 296.4 284 296.4 DL 294 296.4 289
296.4 DL 299 296.4 294 296.4 DL 304 296.4 299 296.4 DL 309 296.4 304 296.4 DL
314 296.4 309 296.4 DL 319 296.4 314 296.4 DL 324 296.4 319 296.4 DL 329 296.4
324 296.4 DL 334 296.4 329 296.4 DL 339 296.4 334 296.4 DL 344 296.4 339 296.4
DL 349 296.4 344 296.4 DL 354 296.4 349 296.4 DL 359 296.4 354 296.4 DL 364
296.4 359 296.4 DL 369 296.4 364 296.4 DL 374 296.4 369 296.4 DL 379 296.4 374
296.4 DL 384 296.4 379 296.4 DL 389 296.4 384 296.4 DL 394 296.4 389 296.4 DL
399 296.4 394 296.4 DL 404 296.4 399 296.4 DL 409 296.4 404 296.4 DL 414 296.4
409 296.4 DL 419 296.4 414 296.4 DL 424 296.4 419 296.4 DL 429 296.4 424 296.4
DL 434 296.4 429 296.4 DL 439 296.4 434 296.4 DL 444 296.4 439 296.4 DL 449
296.4 444 296.4 DL 454 296.4 449 296.4 DL 459 296.4 454 296.4 DL 464 296.4 459
296.4 DL 469 296.4 464 296.4 DL 474 296.4 469 296.4 DL 479 296.4 474 296.4 DL
484 296.4 479 296.4 DL 489 296.4 484 296.4 DL 494 296.4 489 296.4 DL 499 296.4
494 296.4 DL 504 296.4 499 296.4 DL(Ruleset three is applied by)132 332.4 Q/F2
10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.5 E F1(before doing an)2.5 E(ything with an)
-.15 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(ddress.)411.39 332.4 Q .506(Ruleset zero is applied after\
 ruleset three to addresses that are going to actually spec-)157 348.6 R .295
(ify recipients.)132 360.6 R .295(It must resolv)5.295 F 2.795(et)-.15 G 2.795
(oa)258.035 360.6 S F2({mailer).001 E 2.796(,h)-1.11 G .296(ost, user})312.362
360.6 R F1 2.796(triple. The)2.796 F F2(mailer)2.796 E F1 .296
(must be de\214ned in)2.796 F .561
(the mailer de\214nitions from the con\214guration \214le.)132 372.6 R(The)
5.561 E F2(host)3.061 E F1 .56(is de\214ned into the)3.061 F F0($h)3.06 E F1
.56(macro for)3.06 F(use in the ar)132 384.6 Q(gv e)-.18 E
(xpansion of the speci\214ed mailer)-.15 E(.)-.55 E 1.356(Rulesets one and tw)
157 400.8 R 3.856(oa)-.1 G 1.357
(re applied to all sender and recipient addresses respecti)254.534 400.8 R -.15
(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E(.)-.65 E(The)132 412.8 Q 2.5(ya)-.15 G
(re applied before an)159.34 412.8 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G
(peci\214cation in the mailer de\214nition.)250.27 412.8 Q(The)5 E 2.5(ym)-.15
G(ust ne)429 412.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rr).15 G(esolv)470.81 412.8 Q(e.)-.15 E
.266(Ruleset four is applied to all addresses in the message.)157 429 R .265
(It is typically used to translate)5.265 F(internal to e)132 441 Q
(xternal form.)-.15 E F0 2.5(5.1.1.4. IPC)117 465 R(mailers)2.5 E F1 .332
(Some special processing occurs if the ruleset zero resolv)157 481.2 R .333
(es to an IPC mailer \(that is, a)-.15 F .242
(mailer that has \231[IPC]\232 listed as the P)132 493.2 R .241(ath in the)-.15
F F0(M)2.741 E F1 .241(con\214guration line.)2.741 F .241(The host name passed)
5.241 F .884(after \231$@\232 has MX e)132 505.2 R .885
(xpansion performed; this looks the name up in DNS to \214nd alternate)-.15 F
(deli)132 517.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry sites.).15 E(The host name can also be pro)
157 533.4 Q(vided as a dotted quad in square brack)-.15 E(ets; for e)-.1 E
(xample:)-.15 E([128.32.149.78])172 549.6 Q(This causes direct con)132 565.8 Q
-.15(ve)-.4 G(rsion of the numeric v).15 E(alue to a TCP/IP host address.)-.25
E .894(The host name passed in after the \231$@\232 may also be a colon-separa\
ted list of hosts.)157 582 R .629(Each is separately MX e)132 594 R .629
(xpanded and the results are concatenated to mak)-.15 F 3.13(e\()-.1 G .63
(essentially\) one)440.88 594 R .379(long MX list.)132 606 R .378
(The intent here is to create \231f)5.379 F(ak)-.1 E .378
(e\232 MX records that are not published in DNS)-.1 F(for pri)132 618 Q -.25
(va)-.25 G(te internal netw).25 E(orks.)-.1 E .17
(As a \214nal special case, the host name can be passed in as a te)157 634.2 R
.17(xt string in square brack-)-.15 F(ets:)132 646.2 Q([ucb)172 662.4 Q -.25
(va)-.15 G(x.berk).25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(edu]).65 E 1.245(This form a)
132 678.6 R -.2(vo)-.2 G 1.245(ids the MX mapping.).2 F F0(N.B.:)6.244 E F1
1.244(This is intended only for situations where you)3.744 F(ha)132 690.6 Q
.814 -.15(ve a n)-.2 H(etw).15 E .514(ork \214re)-.1 F -.1(wa)-.25 G .514
(ll, so that your MX record points to a g).1 F(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G 3.014
(ym).1 G .514(achine; this machine)420.762 690.6 R 1.604
(could then do direct deli)132 702.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.604
(ry to machines within your local domain.).15 F 1.603(Use of this feature)6.603
F(directly violates RFC 1123 section 5.3.5: it should not be used lightly)132
714.6 Q(.)-.65 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-28 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(5.1.2. D)102 96 R 2.5<8a64>2.5 G
(e\214ne macr)157.28 96 Q(o)-.18 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .546
(Macros are named with a single character)142 112.2 R 5.546(.T)-.55 G .547
(hese may be selected from the entire ASCII)325.492 112.2 R .892(set, b)117
124.2 R .892(ut user)-.2 F .892
(-de\214ned macros should be selected from the set of upper case letters only)
-.2 F 5.892(.L)-.65 G -.25(ow)484.26 124.2 S(er).25 E
(case letters and special symbols are used internally)117 136.2 Q(.)-.65 E
(The syntax for macro de\214nitions is:)142 152.4 Q F0(D)157 168.6 Q/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF 1.666(xv)C(al)-1.666 E F1(where)117 184.8 Q F2(x)2.5 E F1
(is the name of the macro and)2.5 E F2(val)2.5 E F1(is the v)2.5 E
(alue it should ha)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(.).15 E 1.085
(Macros are interpolated using the construct)142 201 R F0($)3.585 E F2(x)A F1
3.585(,w)C(here)346.775 201 Q F2(x)3.585 E F1 1.085
(is the name of the macro to be)3.585 F 3.45(interpolated. This)117 213 R .95
(interpolation is done when the con\214guration \214le is read, e)3.45 F .95
(xcept in)-.15 F F0(M)3.45 E F1(lines.)3.45 E(The special construct)117 225 Q
F0($&)2.5 E F2(x)A F1(can be used in)2.5 E F0(R)2.5 E F1
(lines to get deferred interpolation.)2.5 E
(Conditionals can be speci\214ed using the syntax:)142 241.2 Q($?x te)157 257.4
Q(xt1 $| te)-.15 E(xt2 $.)-.15 E .245(This interpolates)117 273.6 R F2(te)2.745
E(xt1)-.2 E F1 .245(if the macro)2.745 F F0($x)2.745 E F1 .245(is set, and)
2.745 F F2(te)2.745 E(xt2)-.2 E F1 2.745(otherwise. The)2.745 F .246
(\231else\232 \()2.746 F F0($|)A F1 2.746(\)c)C .246(lause may be)451.298 273.6
R(omitted.)117 285.6 Q(Lo)142 301.8 Q .262(wer case macro names are reserv)-.25
F .262(ed to ha)-.15 F .561 -.15(ve s)-.2 H .261
(pecial semantics, used to pass information).15 F 1.162(in or out of)117 313.8
R F2(sendmail)3.663 E F1 3.663(,a)C 1.163(nd special characters are reserv)
215.583 313.8 R 1.163(ed to pro)-.15 F 1.163(vide conditionals, etc.)-.15 F
(Upper)6.163 E(case names \(that is,)117 325.8 Q F0($A)2.5 E F1(through)2.5 E
F0($Z)2.5 E F1 2.5(\)a)C(re speci\214cally reserv)267.53 325.8 Q
(ed for con\214guration \214le authors.)-.15 E .053(The follo)142 342 R .053
(wing macros are de\214ned and/or used internally by)-.25 F F2(sendmail)2.552 E
F1 .052(for interpolation into)2.552 F(ar)117 354 Q(gv')-.18 E 5.178(sf)-.55 G
2.678(or mailers or for other conte)149.768 354 R 5.179(xts. The)-.15 F 2.679
(ones mark)5.179 F 2.679(ed \207 are information passed into)-.1 F(sendmail)117
368 Q/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(10)153.11 364 Q F1 4.232(,t)160.11 368 S 1.732
(he ones mark)169.622 368 R 1.732
(ed \210 are information passed both in and out of sendmail, and the)-.1 F
(unmark)117 380 Q 2.177(ed macros are passed out of sendmail b)-.1 F 2.177
(ut are not otherwise used internally)-.2 F 7.177(.T)-.65 G(hese)486.23 380 Q
(macros are:)117 392 Q($a)117 408.2 Q F0(The origination date in RFC 822 f)142
408.2 Q(ormat.)-.25 E F1($b)117 424.4 Q F0(The curr)142 424.4 Q
(ent date in RFC 822 f)-.18 E(ormat.)-.25 E F1($c)117 440.6 Q F0
(The hop count.)142 440.6 Q F1($d)117 456.8 Q F0(The curr)142 456.8 Q
(ent date in UNIX \(ctime\) f)-.18 E(ormat.)-.25 E F1($e\207)117 473 Q F0 1.342
(The SMTP entry message.)142 473 R F1 1.341
(This is printed out when SMTP starts up.)6.342 F 1.341(The \214rst w)6.341 F
(ord)-.1 E .428(must be the)142 485 R F0($j)2.928 E F1 .429
(macro as speci\214ed by RFC821.)2.928 F(Def)5.429 E .429
(aults to \231$j Sendmail $v ready at $b\232.)-.1 F 2.313
(Commonly rede\214ned to include the con\214guration v)142 497 R 2.313
(ersion number)-.15 F 4.813(,e)-.4 G 2.313(.g., \231$j Sendmail)431.874 497 R
($v/$Z ready at $b\232)142 509 Q($f)117 525.2 Q F0(The sender \(fr)142 525.2 Q
(om\) addr)-.18 E(ess.)-.18 E F1($g)117 541.4 Q F0(The sender addr)142 541.4 Q
(ess r)-.18 E(elati)-.18 E .2 -.1(ve t)-.1 H 2.5(ot).1 G(he r)275.59 541.4 Q
(ecipient.)-.18 E F1($h)117 557.6 Q F0(The r)142 557.6 Q(ecipient host.)-.18 E
F1($i)117 573.8 Q F0(The queue id.)142 573.8 Q F1($j\210)117 590 Q F0 .557
(The \231of\214cial\232 domain name f)142 590 R .557(or this site.)-.25 F F1
.557(This is fully quali\214ed if the full quali\214cation)5.557 F .137
(can be found.)142 602 R(It)5.137 E F2(must)2.637 E F1 .136
(be rede\214ned to be the fully quali\214ed domain name if your system is)2.637
F(not con\214gured so that information can \214nd it automatically)142 614 Q(.)
-.65 E($k)117 630.2 Q F0(The UUCP node name \(fr)142 630.2 Q
(om the uname system call\).)-.18 E F1($l\207)117 646.4 Q F0 .972(The f)142
646.4 R .972(ormat of the UNIX fr)-.25 F .972(om line.)-.18 F F1 .972
(Unless you ha)5.972 F 1.272 -.15(ve c)-.2 H .972(hanged the UNIX mailbox for)
.15 F(-)-.2 E(mat, you should not change the def)142 658.4 Q
(ault, which is \231From $g)-.1 E($d\232.)5 E .32 LW 76 678.8 72 678.8 DL 80
678.8 76 678.8 DL 84 678.8 80 678.8 DL 88 678.8 84 678.8 DL 92 678.8 88 678.8
DL 96 678.8 92 678.8 DL 100 678.8 96 678.8 DL 104 678.8 100 678.8 DL 108 678.8
104 678.8 DL 112 678.8 108 678.8 DL 116 678.8 112 678.8 DL 120 678.8 116 678.8
DL 124 678.8 120 678.8 DL 128 678.8 124 678.8 DL 132 678.8 128 678.8 DL 136
678.8 132 678.8 DL 140 678.8 136 678.8 DL 144 678.8 140 678.8 DL 148 678.8 144
678.8 DL 152 678.8 148 678.8 DL 156 678.8 152 678.8 DL 160 678.8 156 678.8 DL
164 678.8 160 678.8 DL 168 678.8 164 678.8 DL 172 678.8 168 678.8 DL 176 678.8
172 678.8 DL 180 678.8 176 678.8 DL 184 678.8 180 678.8 DL 188 678.8 184 678.8
DL 192 678.8 188 678.8 DL 196 678.8 192 678.8 DL 200 678.8 196 678.8 DL 204
678.8 200 678.8 DL 208 678.8 204 678.8 DL 212 678.8 208 678.8 DL 216 678.8 212
678.8 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(10)93.6 689.2 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(As of v)
3.2 I(ersion 8.6, all of these macros ha)-.12 E .24 -.12(ve r)-.16 H
(easonable def).12 E 2(aults. Pre)-.08 F(vious v)-.2 E
(ersions required that the)-.12 E 2(yb)-.12 G 2(ed)424.728 692.4 S(e\214ned.)
434.28 692.4 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-29)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF($m)117 96 Q F0 .84
(The domain part of the)142 96 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.1(ge)3.339 G
(thostname).1 E F0 -.18(re)3.339 G(tur).18 E 3.339(nv)-.15 G(alue.)337.055 96 Q
F1 .839(Under normal circumstances,)5.839 F F0($j)3.339 E F1(is)3.339 E(equi)
142 108 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F0($w)2.5 E(.$m)-.7 E F1(.)A($n\207)117
124.2 Q F0(The name of the daemon \(f)142 124.2 Q(or err)-.25 E(or messages\).)
-.18 E F1(Def)5 E(aults to \231MAILER-D)-.1 E(AEMON\232.)-.4 E($o\207)117 140.4
Q F0 2.03(The set of \231operators\232 in addr)142 140.4 R(esses.)-.18 E F1
4.531(Al)7.031 G 2.031(ist of characters which will be considered)325.744 140.4
R(tok)142 152.4 Q .537(ens and which will separate tok)-.1 F .537
(ens when doing parsing.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)5.537 G 3.037(re).15 G .537
(xample, if \231@\232 were in)408.502 152.4 R(the)142 164.4 Q F0($o)2.898 E F1
.398(macro, then the input \231a@b\232 w)2.898 F .398
(ould be scanned as three tok)-.1 F .398(ens: \231a,)-.1 F 2.898<9a99>-.7 G(@,)
453.032 164.4 Q 2.899<9a61>-.7 G .399(nd \231b)475.821 164.4 R -.7<2e9a>-.4 G
(Def)142 176.4 Q .436(aults to \231.:@[]\232, which is the minimum set necessa\
ry to do RFC 822 parsing; a richer)-.1 F 1.715
(set of operators is \231.:%@!/[]\232, which adds support for UUCP)142 188.4 R
4.216(,t)-1.11 G 1.716(he %-hack, and X.400)409.712 188.4 R(addresses.)142
200.4 Q($p)117 216.6 Q F0(Sendmail')142 216.6 Q 2.5(sp)-.37 G -.18(ro)196.92
216.6 S(cess id.).18 E F1($q\207)117 232.8 Q F0 2.358(Default f)142 232.8 R
2.358(ormat of sender addr)-.25 F(ess.)-.18 E F1(The)7.358 E F0($q)4.858 E F1
2.357(macro speci\214es ho)4.857 F 4.857(wa)-.25 G 4.857(na)432.626 232.8 S
2.357(ddress should)446.923 232.8 R .625(appear in a message when it is def)142
244.8 R 3.126(aulted. Def)-.1 F .626(aults to \231<$g>\232.)-.1 F .626
(It is commonly rede\214ned)5.626 F .183(to be \231$?x$x <$g>$|$g$.)142 256.8 R
5.183<9a6f>-.7 G 2.683<7299>255.852 256.8 S .183($g$?x \($x\)$.)266.305 256.8 R
.182(\232, corresponding to the follo)-.7 F .182(wing tw)-.25 F 2.682(of)-.1 G
(ormats:)474 256.8 Q(Eric Allman <eric@CS.Berk)182 273 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15
G(EDU>).65 E(eric@CS.Berk)182 285 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G
(EDU \(Eric Allman\)).65 E F2(Sendmail)142 301.2 Q F1
(properly quotes names that ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H
(pecial characters if the \214rst form is used.).15 E($r)117 317.4 Q F0(Pr)142
317.4 Q(otocol used to r)-.18 E(ecei)-.18 E .2 -.1(ve t)-.1 H(he message.).1 E
F1($s)117 333.6 Q F0(Sender')142 333.6 Q 2.5(sh)-.37 G(ost name.)186.91 333.6 Q
F1($t)117 349.8 Q F0 2.5(An)142 349.8 S(umeric r)157.28 349.8 Q(epr)-.18 E
(esentation of the curr)-.18 E(ent time.)-.18 E F1($u)117 366 Q F0(The r)142
366 Q(ecipient user)-.18 E(.)-1 E F1($v)117 382.2 Q F0(The v)142 382.2 Q
(ersion number of)-.1 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F0(.)A F1($w\210)117 398.4 Q F0
(The hostname of this site.)7.78 E F1(The)142 414.6 Q F0($w)2.5 E F1
(macro is set to the root name of this host \(b)2.5 E(ut see belo)-.2 E 2.5(wf)
-.25 G(or ca)403.46 414.6 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G(ats\).).15 E($x)117 430.8 Q F0
(The full name of the sender)142 430.8 Q(.)-1 E F1($z)117 447 Q F0
(The home dir)142 447 Q(ectory of the r)-.18 E(ecipient.)-.18 E F1($_)117 463.2
Q F0(The v)142 463.2 Q(alidated sender addr)-.1 E(ess.)-.18 E F1 .918
(There are three types of dates that can be used.)142 479.4 R(The)5.918 E F0
($a)3.418 E F1(and)3.418 E F0($b)3.418 E F1 .918(macros are in RFC 822)3.418 F
(format;)117 491.4 Q F0($a)3.047 E F1 .547(is the time as e)3.047 F .547
(xtracted from the \231Date:\232 line of the message \(if there w)-.15 F .546
(as one\), and)-.1 F F0($b)117 503.4 Q F1 .145
(is the current date and time \(used for postmarks\).)2.645 F .145
(If no \231Date:\232 line is found in the incoming)5.145 F(message,)117 515.4 Q
F0($a)2.547 E F1 .047(is set to the current time also.)2.547 F(The)5.046 E F0
($d)2.546 E F1 .046(macro is equi)2.546 F -.25(va)-.25 G .046(lent to the).25 F
F0($b)2.546 E F1 .046(macro in UNIX)2.546 F(\(ctime\) format.)117 527.4 Q .606
(The macros)142 543.6 R F0($w)3.106 E F1(,)A F0($j)3.106 E F1 3.106(,a)C(nd)
228.844 543.6 Q F0($m)3.106 E F1 .607(are set to the identity of this host.)
3.106 F F2(Sendmail)5.607 E F1 .607(tries to \214nd the)3.107 F .025(fully qua\
li\214ed name of the host if at all possible; it does this by calling)117 555.6
R F2 -.1(ge)2.525 G(thostname).1 E F1 .025(\(2\) to get the)B 1.511
(current hostname and then passing that to)117 567.6 R F2 -.1(ge)4.012 G
(thostbyname).1 E F1 1.512(\(3\) which is supposed to return the)B .185
(canonical v)117 581.6 R .185(ersion of that host name.)-.15 F/F3 7
/Times-Roman@0 SF(11)262.195 577.6 Q F1 .184(Assuming this is successful,)
271.88 581.6 R F0($j)2.684 E F1 .184(is set to the fully quali\214ed)2.684 F
1.463(name and)117 593.6 R F0($m)3.963 E F1 1.464
(is set to the domain part of the name \(e)3.964 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.464
(rything after the \214rst dot\).).15 F(The)6.464 E F0($w)3.964 E F1 .166
(macro is set to the \214rst w)117 605.6 R .166(ord \(e)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
.166(rything before the \214rst dot\) if you ha).15 F .466 -.15(ve a l)-.2 H
-2.15 -.25(ev e).15 H 2.666(l5o).25 G 2.666(rh)452.018 605.6 S .166(igher con-)
463.014 605.6 R .183(\214guration \214le; otherwise, it is set to the same v)
117 617.6 R .184(alue as)-.25 F F0($j)2.684 E F1 5.184(.I)C 2.684(ft)355.32
617.6 S .184(he canoni\214cation is not successful,)364.114 617.6 R
(it is imperati)117 631.6 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.25 H(hat the con\214g \214le set).15
E F0($j)2.5 E F1(to the fully quali\214ed domain name)2.5 E F3(12)416.59 627.6
Q F1(.)423.59 631.6 Q(The)142 647.8 Q F0($f)3.115 E F1 .614(macro is the id of\
 the sender as originally determined; when mailing to a speci\214c)3.115 F .601
(host the)117 659.8 R F0($g)3.101 E F1 .601
(macro is set to the address of the sender)3.101 F F2 -.37(re)3.102 G .602
(lative to the r).37 F(ecipient.)-.37 E F1 -.15(Fo)5.602 G 3.102(re).15 G .602
(xample, if I)456.416 659.8 R .32 LW 76 669.4 72 669.4 DL 80 669.4 76 669.4 DL
84 669.4 80 669.4 DL 88 669.4 84 669.4 DL 92 669.4 88 669.4 DL 96 669.4 92
669.4 DL 100 669.4 96 669.4 DL 104 669.4 100 669.4 DL 108 669.4 104 669.4 DL
112 669.4 108 669.4 DL 116 669.4 112 669.4 DL 120 669.4 116 669.4 DL 124 669.4
120 669.4 DL 128 669.4 124 669.4 DL 132 669.4 128 669.4 DL 136 669.4 132 669.4
DL 140 669.4 136 669.4 DL 144 669.4 140 669.4 DL 148 669.4 144 669.4 DL 152
669.4 148 669.4 DL 156 669.4 152 669.4 DL 160 669.4 156 669.4 DL 164 669.4 160
669.4 DL 168 669.4 164 669.4 DL 172 669.4 168 669.4 DL 176 669.4 172 669.4 DL
180 669.4 176 669.4 DL 184 669.4 180 669.4 DL 188 669.4 184 669.4 DL 192 669.4
188 669.4 DL 196 669.4 192 669.4 DL 200 669.4 196 669.4 DL 204 669.4 200 669.4
DL 208 669.4 204 669.4 DL 212 669.4 208 669.4 DL 216 669.4 212 669.4 DL/F4 5
/Times-Roman@0 SF(11)93.6 679.8 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF -.12(Fo)3.2 K 2(re).12
G(xample, on some systems)115.024 683 Q/F6 8/Times-Italic@0 SF -.08(ge)2 G
(thostname).08 E F5(might return \231foo\232 which w)2 E
(ould be mapped to \231foo.bar)-.08 E(.com\232 by)-.44 E F6 -.08(ge)2 G
(thostbyname).08 E F5(.)A F4(12)93.6 693.4 Q F5(Older v)3.2 I
(ersions of sendmail didn')-.12 E 2(tp)-.144 G(re-de\214ne)211.88 696.6 Q/F7 8
/Times-Bold@0 SF($j)2 E F5(at all, so up until 8.6, con\214g \214les)2 E F6
(always)2 E F5(had to de\214ne)2 E F7($j)2 E F5(.)A EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-30 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.65
(send to \231bollard@matisse.CS.Berk)117 96 R(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G 1.65
(EDU\232 from the machine \231v).65 F(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)
-.15 G(EDU\232).65 E(the)117 108 Q F0($f)2.5 E F1
(macro will be \231eric\232 and the)2.5 E F0($g)2.5 E F1
(macro will be \231eric@v)2.5 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G
(EDU.).65 E<9a>-.7 E(The)142 124.2 Q F0($x)3.837 E F1 1.338
(macro is set to the full name of the sender)3.837 F 6.338(.T)-.55 G 1.338
(his can be determined in se)369.13 124.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ral).15 E -.1(wa)117
136.2 S 2.953(ys. It).1 F .453(can be passed as \215ag to)2.953 F/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.953 E F1 5.453(.T)C .453
(he second choice is the v)303.447 136.2 R .453(alue of the \231Full-name:\232)
-.25 F .512(line in the header if it e)117 148.2 R .513
(xists, and the third choice is the comment \214eld of a \231From:\232 line.)
-.15 F .513(If all)5.513 F 1.149(of these f)117 160.2 R 1.149
(ail, and if the message is being originated locally)-.1 F 3.648(,t)-.65 G
1.148(he full name is look)369.684 160.2 R 1.148(ed up in the)-.1 F F2
(/etc/passwd)117 172.2 Q F1(\214le.)2.5 E .438(When sending, the)142 188.4 R F0
($h)2.938 E F1(,)A F0($u)2.938 E F1 2.938(,a)C(nd)256.96 188.4 Q F0($z)2.938 E
F1 .438(macros get set to the host, user)2.938 F 2.939(,a)-.4 G .439
(nd home directory \(if)417.423 188.4 R 1.455(local\) of the recipient.)117
200.4 R 1.455(The \214rst tw)6.455 F 3.955(oa)-.1 G 1.454(re set from the)
278.445 200.4 R F0($@)3.954 E F1(and)3.954 E F0($:)3.954 E F1 1.454
(part of the re)3.954 F 1.454(writing rules,)-.25 F(respecti)117 212.4 Q -.15
(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E(.)-.65 E(The)142 228.6 Q F0($p)2.806 E F1(and)2.806 E F0
($t)2.806 E F1 .306(macros are used to create unique strings \(e.g., for the \
\231Message-Id:\232 \214eld\).)2.806 F(The)117 240.6 Q F0($i)2.538 E F1 .037(m\
acro is set to the queue id on this host; if put into the timestamp line it ca\
n be e)2.538 F(xtremely)-.15 E .407(useful for tracking messages.)117 252.6 R
(The)5.407 E F0($v)2.907 E F1 .407(macro is set to be the v)2.907 F .407
(ersion number of)-.15 F F2(sendmail)2.907 E F1 2.907(;t)C .408(his is)482.752
252.6 R(normally put in timestamps and has been pro)117 264.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G
2.5(ne).15 G(xtremely useful for deb)317.64 264.6 Q(ugging.)-.2 E(The)142 280.8
Q F0($c)2.715 E F1 .215(\214eld is set to the \231hop count,)2.715 F 2.714
<9a69>-.7 G .214(.e., the number of times this message has been pro-)297.664
280.8 R 3.183(cessed. This)117 292.8 R .683(can be determined by the)3.183 F F0
<ad68>3.183 E F1 .684(\215ag on the command line or by counting the times-)
3.183 F(tamps in the message.)117 304.8 Q(The)142 321 Q F0($r)3.427 E F1(and)
3.427 E F0($s)3.427 E F1 .926
(\214elds are set to the protocol used to communicate with)3.427 F F2(sendmail)
3.426 E F1 .926(and the)3.426 F(sending hostname.)117 333 Q(The)142 349.2 Q F0
($_)2.72 E F1 .22(is set to a v)2.72 F .22(alidated sender host name.)-.25 F
.22(If the sender is running an RFC 1413 com-)5.22 F(pliant IDENT serv)117
361.2 Q(er)-.15 E 2.5(,i)-.4 G 2.5(tw)206.43 361.2 S
(ill include the user name on that host.)218.93 361.2 Q F0 2.5(5.1.3. C)102
385.2 R(and F \212 de\214ne classes)2.5 E F1 .197
(Classes of phrases may be de\214ned to match on the left hand side of re)142
401.4 R .196(writing rules, where)-.25 F 2.79<6199>117 413.4 S .291
(phrase\232 is a sequence of characters that do not contain space characters.)
128.67 413.4 R -.15(Fo)5.291 G 2.791(re).15 G .291(xample a class)445.098 413.4
R .356(of all local names for this site might be created so that attempts to s\
end to oneself can be elimi-)117 425.4 R 2.89(nated. These)117 437.4 R .39(can\
 either be de\214ned directly in the con\214guration \214le or read in from an\
other \214le.)2.89 F .797(Classes may be gi)117 449.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.297
(nn).15 G .796(ames from the set of upper case letters.)213.668 449.4 R(Lo)
5.796 E .796(wer case letters and special)-.25 F(characters are reserv)117
461.4 Q(ed for system use.)-.15 E(The syntax is:)142 477.6 Q F0(C)157 493.8 Q
F2 1.666(cp)C(hr)-1.666 E(ase1 phr)-.15 E(ase2...)-.15 E F0(F)157 505.8 Q F2
1.666<638c>C(le)-1.666 E F1 1.114(The \214rst form de\214nes the class)117 522
R F2(c)3.614 E F1 1.114(to match an)3.614 F 3.614(yo)-.15 G 3.615(ft)319.63 522
S 1.115(he named w)329.355 522 R 3.615(ords. It)-.1 F 1.115
(is permissible to split)3.615 F(them among multiple lines; for e)117 534 Q
(xample, the tw)-.15 E 2.5(of)-.1 G(orms:)317.57 534 Q(CHmonet ucbmonet)157
550.2 Q(and)117 566.4 Q(CHmonet)157 582.6 Q(CHucbmonet)157 594.6 Q(are equi)117
610.8 Q -.25(va)-.25 G 2.5(lent. The).25 F
(second form reads the elements of the class)2.5 E F2(c)2.5 E F1
(from the named)2.5 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F1(.)A(The)142 627 Q F0($~)3.113 E F1
.613(\(match entries not in class\) only matches a single w)3.113 F .612
(ord; multi-w)-.1 F .612(ord entries in the)-.1 F
(class are ignored in this conte)117 639 Q(xt.)-.15 E .383(The class)142 655.2
R F0($=w)2.883 E F1 .384(is set to be the set of all names this host is kno)
2.883 F .384(wn by)-.25 F 5.384(.T)-.65 G .384(his can be used to)431.364 655.2
R(match local hostnames.)117 667.2 Q(The class)142 683.4 Q F0($=k)2.5 E F1
(is set to be the same as)2.5 E F0($k)2.5 E F1 2.5(,t)C
(hat is, the UUCP node name.)312.69 683.4 Q(The class)142 699.6 Q F0($=m)2.5 E
F1(is set to the set of domains by which this host is kno)2.5 E
(wn, initially just)-.25 E F0($m)2.5 E F1(.)A EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-31)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Sendmail)142 96 Q/F2 10
/Times-Roman@0 SF .543(can be compiled to allo)3.043 F 3.043(wa)-.25 G F1
(scanf)-.001 E F2 .542(\(3\) string on the)B F0(F)3.042 E F2 3.042(line. This)
3.042 F .542(lets you do sim-)3.042 F .519(plistic parsing of te)117 108 R .519
(xt \214les.)-.15 F -.15(Fo)5.519 G 3.019(re).15 G .52
(xample, to read all the user names in your system)251.884 108 R F1
(/etc/passwd)3.02 E F2(\214le into a class, use)117 120 Q(FL/etc/passwd %[^:])
157 136.2 Q(which reads e)117 152.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ry line up to the \214rst colon.).15 E F0 2.5(5.1.4. M)102 176.4 R 2.5<8a64>
2.5 G(e\214ne mailer)159.5 176.4 Q F2(Programs and interf)142 192.6 Q
(aces to mailers are de\214ned in this line.)-.1 E(The format is:)5 E F0(M)157
208.8 Q F1(name)A F2 2.5(,{)C F1(\214eld)197.9 208.8 Q F2(=)A F1(value)A F2(}*)
1.666 E(where)117 225 Q F1(name)3.244 E F2 .744(is the name of the mailer \(us\
ed internally only\) and the \231\214eld=name\232 pairs de\214ne)3.244 F
(attrib)117 237 Q(utes of the mailer)-.2 E 5(.F)-.55 G(ields are:)220.13 237 Q
-.15(Pa)157 253.2 S 51.87(th The).15 F(pathname of the mailer)2.5 E 47.83
(Flags Special)157 265.2 R(\215ags for this mailer)2.5 E 41.73(Sender A)157
277.2 R(re)2.5 E(writing set for sender addresses)-.25 E 31.17(Recipient A)157
289.2 R(re)2.5 E(writing set for recipient addresses)-.25 E(Ar)157 301.2 Q
49.13(gv An)-.18 F(ar)2.5 E(gument v)-.18 E(ector to pass to this mailer)-.15 E
55.61(Eol The)157 313.2 R(end-of-line string for this mailer)2.5 E 35.62
(Maxsize The)157 325.2 R(maximum message length to this mailer)2.5 E 32.27
(Linelimit The)157 337.2 R(maximum line length in the message body)2.5 E 31.18
(Directory The)157 349.2 R -.1(wo)2.5 G(rking directory for the mailer).1 E
(Only the \214rst character of the \214eld name is check)117 365.4 Q(ed.)-.1 E
1.144(The follo)142 381.6 R 1.144
(wing \215ags may be set in the mailer description.)-.25 F(An)6.144 E 3.644(yo)
-.15 G 1.144(ther \215ags may be used)409.994 381.6 R(freely to conditionally \
assign headers to messages destined for particular mailers.)117 393.6 Q 15.56
(aR)117 409.8 S(un Extended SMTP \(ESMTP\) protocol \(de\214ned in RFCs 1425, \
1426, and 1427\).)143.67 409.8 Q 15(bF)117 426 S .674
(orce a blank line on the end of a message.)142.41 426 R .674
(This is intended to w)5.674 F .674(ork around some stupid)-.1 F -.15(ve)137
438 S .851(rsions of /bin/mail that require a blank line, b).15 F .851
(ut do not pro)-.2 F .852(vide it themselv)-.15 F 3.352(es. It)-.15 F -.1(wo)
3.352 G(uld).1 E(not normally be used on netw)137 450 Q(ork mail.)-.1 E 15.56
(cD)117 466.2 S 4.166(on)144.22 466.2 S 1.666
(ot include comments in addresses.)158.386 466.2 R 1.665
(This should only be used if you ha)6.665 F 1.965 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 4.165(ow).15
G(ork)490.67 466.2 Q(around a remote mailer that gets confused by comments.)137
478.2 Q 13.33(CI)117 494.4 S 3.06(fm)140.33 494.4 S .56(ail is)154.5 494.4 R F1
-.37(re)3.06 G(ceived).37 E F2 .56(from a mailer with this \215ag set, an)3.06
F 3.06(ya)-.15 G .56(ddresses in the header that do not)367.33 494.4 R(ha)137
506.4 Q .331 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 2.531(na).15 G 2.531(ts)174.472 506.4 S .031
(ign \(\231@\232\) after being re)183.673 506.4 R .031
(written by ruleset three will ha)-.25 F .33 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .03
(he \231@domain\232 clause).15 F(from the sender tack)137 518.4 Q(ed on.)-.1 E
(This allo)5 E(ws mail with headers of the form:)-.25 E(From: usera@hosta)177
534.6 Q -.8(To)177 546.6 S 2.5(:u).8 G(serb@hostb, userc)197.59 546.6 Q
(to be re)137 562.8 Q(written as:)-.25 E(From: usera@hosta)177 579 Q -.8(To)177
591 S 2.5(:u).8 G(serb@hostb, userc@hosta)197.59 591 Q(automatically)137 607.2
Q(.)-.65 E 12.78(DT)117 623.4 S(his mailer w)143.11 623.4 Q
(ants a \231Date:\232 header line.)-.1 E 15.56(eT)117 639.6 S .562
(his mailer is e)143.11 639.6 R(xpensi)-.15 E .862 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 3.062(oc)
.15 G .562(onnect to, so try to a)253.97 639.6 R -.2(vo)-.2 G .562
(id connecting normally; an).2 F 3.063(yn)-.15 G(ecessary)470.13 639.6 Q
(connection will occur during a queue run.)137 651.6 Q 13.89(EE)117 667.8 S
(scape lines be)143.11 667.8 Q
(ginning with \231From\232 in the message with a `>' sign.)-.15 E 16.67(fT)117
684 S .969(he mailer w)143.11 684 R .969(ants a)-.1 F F0<ad66>3.469 E F1(fr)
3.469 E(om)-.45 E F2 .969(\215ag, b)3.469 F .969(ut only if this is a netw)-.2
F .969(ork forw)-.1 F .968(ard operation \(i.e., the)-.1 F(mailer will gi)137
696 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 2.5(ne).15 G(rror if the e)218.81 696 Q -.15(xe)-.15
G(cuting user does not ha).15 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H(pecial permissions\).).15 E
14.44(FT)117 712.2 S(his mailer w)143.11 712.2 Q
(ants a \231From:\232 header line.)-.1 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-32 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 15(gN)117 96 S
(ormally)144.22 96 Q(,)-.65 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.529 E F1 1.029
(sends internally generated email \(e.g., error messages\) using the null)3.529
F 1.767(return address)137 110 R/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(13)195.137 106 Q F1
1.766(as required by RFC 1123.)206.404 110 R(Ho)6.766 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25
G 2.566 -.4(r, s).15 H 1.766(ome mailers don').4 F 4.266(ta)-.18 G 1.766
(ccept a null)454.368 110 R .922(return address.)137 122 R .922(If necessary)
5.922 F 3.422(,y)-.65 G .922(ou can set the)261.938 122 R F0(g)3.422 E F1 .922
(\215ag to pre)3.422 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt).15 E F2(sendmail)3.422 E F1 .922
(from obe)3.422 F .922(ying the)-.15 F .212
(standards; error messages will be sent as from the MAILER-D)137 134 R .211
(AEMON \(actually)-.4 F 2.711(,t)-.65 G .211(he v)470.439 134 R(alue)-.25 E
(of the)137 146 Q F0($n)2.5 E F1(macro\).)2.5 E 15(hU)117 162.2 S
(pper case should be preserv)144.22 162.2 Q(ed in host names for this mailer)
-.15 E(.)-.55 E 16.67(IT)117 178.4 S .092
(his mailer will be speaking SMTP to another)143.11 178.4 R F2(sendmail)2.592 E
F1 2.593<8a61>2.593 G 2.593(ss)381.242 178.4 S .093
(uch it can use special proto-)391.615 178.4 R .319(col features.)137 190.4 R
.319(This option is not required \(i.e., if this option is omitted the transmi\
ssion will)5.319 F(still operate successfully)137 202.4 Q 2.5(,a)-.65 G
(lthough perhaps not as ef)244.11 202.4 Q(\214ciently as possible\).)-.25 E
17.22(lT)117 218.6 S(his mailer is local \(i.e., \214nal deli)143.11 218.6 Q
-.15(ve)-.25 G(ry will be performed\).).15 E 13.89(LL)117 234.8 S .69
(imit the line lengths as speci\214ed in RFC821.)143.11 234.8 R .69
(This deprecated option should be replaced)5.69 F(by the)137 246.8 Q F0(L=)2.5
E F1(mail declaration.)2.5 E -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(rh).15 G(istoric reasons, the)
272.54 246.8 Q F0(L)2.5 E F1(\215ag also sets the)2.5 E F0(7)2.5 E F1(\215ag.)
2.5 E 12.22(mT)117 263 S 1.273
(his mailer can send to multiple users on the same host in one transaction.)
143.11 263 R 1.273(When a)6.273 F F0($u)3.773 E F1 .621(macro occurs in the)137
275 R F2(ar)3.121 E(gv)-.37 E F1 .621
(part of the mailer de\214nition, that \214eld will be repeated as neces-)3.121
F(sary for all qualifying users.)137 287 Q 11.11(MT)117 303.2 S(his mailer w)
143.11 303.2 Q(ants a \231Message-Id:\232 header line.)-.1 E 15(nD)117 319.4 S
2.5(on)144.22 319.4 S
(ot insert a UNIX-style \231From\232 line on the front of the message.)156.72
319.4 Q 15(pU)117 335.6 S .702(se the route-addr style re)144.22 335.6 R -.15
(ve)-.25 G .702(rse-path in the SMTP \231MAIL FR).15 F .701
(OM:\232 command rather than)-.4 F .421
(just the return address; although this is required in RFC821 section 3.1, man)
137 347.6 R 2.922(yh)-.15 G .422(osts do not)459.816 347.6 R(process re)137
359.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rse-paths properly).15 E 5(.R)-.65 G -2.15 -.25(ev e)
272.3 359.6 T(rse-paths are of).25 E(\214cially discouraged by RFC 1123.)-.25 E
14.44(PT)117 375.8 S(his mailer w)143.11 375.8 Q(ants a \231Return-P)-.1 E
(ath:\232 line.)-.15 E 16.67(rS)117 392 S(ame as)142.56 392 Q F0(f)2.5 E F1 2.5
(,b)C(ut sends a)185.68 392 Q F0<ad72>2.5 E F1(\215ag.)2.5 E 16.11(sS)117 408.2
S(trip quote characters of)142.56 408.2 Q 2.5(fo)-.25 G 2.5(ft)245.61 408.2 S
(he address before calling the mailer)254.22 408.2 Q(.)-.55 E 14.44(SD)117
424.4 S(on')144.22 424.4 Q 3.443(tr)-.18 G .943
(eset the userid before calling the mailer)166.923 424.4 R 5.943(.T)-.55 G .943
(his w)344.324 424.4 R .942(ould be used in a secure en)-.1 F(viron-)-.4 E .49
(ment where)137 436.4 R F2(sendmail)2.99 E F1 .49(ran as root.)2.99 F .491
(This could be used to a)5.491 F -.2(vo)-.2 G .491(id for).2 F .491
(ged addresses.)-.18 F .491(This \215ag)5.491 F(is suppressed if gi)137 448.4 Q
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(nf).15 G(rom an \231unsafe\232 en)228.81 448.4 Q
(vironment \(e.g, a user')-.4 E 2.5(sm)-.55 G(ail.cf \214le\).)410.31 448.4 Q
15(uU)117 464.6 S(pper case should be preserv)144.22 464.6 Q
(ed in user names for this mailer)-.15 E(.)-.55 E 12.78(UT)117 480.8 S 2.997
(his mailer w)143.11 480.8 R 2.996
(ants Unix-style \231From\232 lines with the ugly UUCP-style \231remote from)
-.1 F(<host>\232 on the end.)137 492.8 Q 15(xT)117 509 S(his mailer w)143.11
509 Q(ants a \231Full-Name:\232 header line.)-.1 E 12.78(XT)117 525.2 S 1.22
(his mailer w)143.11 525.2 R 1.22
(ant to use the hidden dot algorithm as speci\214ed in RFC821; basically)-.1 F
3.72(,a)-.65 G -.15(ny)494.15 525.2 S .225(line be)137 537.2 R .225
(ginning with a dot will ha)-.15 F .525 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 2.725(ne).15 G .224
(xtra dot prepended \(to be stripped at the other end\).)296.47 537.2 R .525(T\
his insures that lines in the message containing a dot will not terminate the \
message pre-)137 549.2 R(maturely)137 561.2 Q(.)-.65 E 15(7S)117 577.4 S .351
(trip all output to se)142.56 577.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.851(nb).15 G 2.851
(its. This)241.416 577.4 R .351(is the def)2.851 F .351(ault if the)-.1 F F0(L)
2.851 E F1 .351(\215ag is set.)2.851 F .351(Note that clearing this)5.351 F
.377(option is not suf)137 589.4 R .378
(\214cient to get full eight bit data passed through)-.25 F F2(sendmail)2.878 E
F1 5.378(.I)C 2.878(ft)439.708 589.4 S(he)448.696 589.4 Q F0(7)2.878 E F1 .378
(option is)2.878 F(set, this is essentially al)137 601.4 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G
(ys set, since the eighth bit w).1 E(as stripped on input.)-.1 E 2.122(The mai\
ler with the special name \231error\232 can be used to generate a user error)
142 617.6 R 7.122(.T)-.55 G(he)494.56 617.6 Q .246
(\(optional\) host \214eld is an e)117 629.6 R .247
(xit status to be returned, and the user \214eld is a message to be printed.)
-.15 F .337(The e)117 641.6 R .337(xit status may be numeric or one of the v)
-.15 F .336(alues USA)-.25 F .336(GE, NOUSER, NOHOST)-.4 F 2.836(,U)-.74 G -.35
(NA)465.4 641.6 S -1.35(VA)-1 G(IL-)1.35 E .828(ABLE, SOFTW)117 653.6 R .828
(ARE, TEMPF)-1.2 F .828(AIL, PR)-.74 F -1.88 -.4(OT O)-.4 H .828
(COL, or CONFIG to return the corresponding EX_).4 F -.15(ex)117 665.6 S
(it code.).15 E -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample, the entry:)181.26 665.6 Q .32
LW 76 678.8 72 678.8 DL 80 678.8 76 678.8 DL 84 678.8 80 678.8 DL 88 678.8 84
678.8 DL 92 678.8 88 678.8 DL 96 678.8 92 678.8 DL 100 678.8 96 678.8 DL 104
678.8 100 678.8 DL 108 678.8 104 678.8 DL 112 678.8 108 678.8 DL 116 678.8 112
678.8 DL 120 678.8 116 678.8 DL 124 678.8 120 678.8 DL 128 678.8 124 678.8 DL
132 678.8 128 678.8 DL 136 678.8 132 678.8 DL 140 678.8 136 678.8 DL 144 678.8
140 678.8 DL 148 678.8 144 678.8 DL 152 678.8 148 678.8 DL 156 678.8 152 678.8
DL 160 678.8 156 678.8 DL 164 678.8 160 678.8 DL 168 678.8 164 678.8 DL 172
678.8 168 678.8 DL 176 678.8 172 678.8 DL 180 678.8 176 678.8 DL 184 678.8 180
678.8 DL 188 678.8 184 678.8 DL 192 678.8 188 678.8 DL 196 678.8 192 678.8 DL
200 678.8 196 678.8 DL 204 678.8 200 678.8 DL 208 678.8 204 678.8 DL 212 678.8
208 678.8 DL 216 678.8 212 678.8 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(13)93.6 689.2 Q/F5 8
/Times-Roman@0 SF(Actually)3.2 I 2(,t)-.52 G(his only applies to SMTP)131.856
692.4 Q 2(,w)-.888 G(hich uses the `)222.088 692.4 Q(`MAIL FR)-.592 E(OM:<>')
-.32 E 2('c)-.592 G(ommand.)336.48 692.4 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-33)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF($#error $@ NOHOST $: Host unkno)
157 96 Q(wn in this domain)-.25 E .261(on the RHS of a rule will cause the spe\
ci\214ed error to be generated and the \231Host unkno)117 112.2 R .261
(wn\232 e)-.25 F(xit)-.15 E(status to be returned if the LHS matches.)117 124.2
Q(This mailer is only functional in ruleset zero.)5 E 1.563
(The mailer named \231local\232)142 140.4 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(must)4.063
E F1 1.564(be de\214ned in e)4.063 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.564
(ry con\214guration \214le.).15 F 1.564(This is used to)6.564 F(deli)117 152.4
Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.039(rl).15 G 1.539
(ocal mail, and is treated specially in se)151.189 152.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.538
(ral w).15 F 4.038(ays. Additionally)-.1 F 4.038(,t)-.65 G 1.538
(hree other mailers)428.724 152.4 R 1.367(named \231prog\232, \231*\214le*\232\
, and \231*include*\232 may be de\214ned to tune the deli)117 164.4 R -.15(ve)
-.25 G 1.368(ry of messages to).15 F
(programs, \214les, and :include: lists respecti)117 176.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly)
.15 E 5(.T)-.65 G(he)315.38 176.4 Q 2.5(yd)-.15 G(ef)337.17 176.4 Q(ault to:)
-.1 E(Mprog, P=/bin/sh, F=lsD, A=sh \255c $u)157 192.6 Q(M*\214le*, P=/de)157
204.6 Q(v/null, F=lsDFMPEu, A=FILE)-.25 E(M*include*, P=/de)157 216.6 Q
(v/null, F=su, A=INCLUDE)-.25 E 1.264(The Sender and Recipient re)142 237 R
1.263(writing sets may either be a simple inte)-.25 F 1.263(ger or may be tw)
-.15 F(o)-.1 E(inte)117 249 Q .046
(gers separated by a slash; if so, the \214rst re)-.15 F .047
(writing set is applied to en)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .047(lope addresses and the)
.15 F(second is applied to headers.)117 261 Q 1.259
(The Directory is actually a colon-separated path of directories to try)142
277.2 R 6.258(.F)-.65 G 1.258(or e)439.704 277.2 R 1.258(xample, the)-.15 F
.143(de\214nition \231D=$z:/\232 \214rst tries to e)117 289.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G
.143(cute in the recipient').15 F 2.643(sh)-.55 G .144
(ome directory; if that is not a)353.327 289.2 R -.25(va)-.2 G(ilable,).25 E
.781(it tries to e)117 301.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .781
(cute in the root of the \214lesystem.).15 F .78
(This is intended to be used only on the \231prog\232)5.781 F(mailer)117 313.2
Q 2.898(,s)-.4 G .398(ince some shells \(such as)151.438 313.2 R F2(csh)2.898 E
F1 2.898(\)r)C .398(efuse to e)279.356 313.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .398(cute if the)
.15 F 2.898(yc)-.15 G .398(annot read the home directory)380.586 313.2 R(.)-.65
E .416(Since the queue directory is not normally readable by normal users)117
325.2 R F2(csh)2.916 E F1 .416(scripts as recipients can)2.916 F -.1(fa)117
337.2 S(il.).1 E F0 2.5(5.1.5. H)102 361.2 R 2.5<8a64>2.5 G(e\214ne header)
157.84 361.2 Q F1 .198(The format of the header lines that)142 377.4 R F2
(sendmail)2.698 E F1 .198(inserts into the message are de\214ned by the)2.698 F
F0(H)2.699 E F1 2.5(line. The)117 389.4 R(syntax of this line is:)2.5 E F0(H)
157 405.6 Q F1([)A F0(?)A F2(m\215a)A(gs)-.1 E F0(?)A F1(])A F2(hname)A F0(:)A
F2(htemplate)2.5 E F1 .691(Continuation lines in this spec are re\215ected dir\
ectly into the outgoing message.)117 421.8 R(The)5.69 E F2(htemplate)3.19 E F1
1.566(is macro e)117 433.8 R 1.567(xpanded before insertion into the message.)
-.15 F 1.567(If the)6.567 F F2(m\215a)4.067 E(gs)-.1 E F1 1.567
(\(surrounded by question)4.067 F .219(marks\) are speci\214ed, at least one o\
f the speci\214ed \215ags must be stated in the mailer de\214nition for)117
445.8 R .093(this header to be automatically output.)117 457.8 R .093
(If one of these headers is in the input it is re\215ected to the)5.093 F
(output re)117 469.8 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G(rdless of these \215ags.).05 E
(Some headers ha)142 486 Q .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H
(pecial semantics that will be described belo).15 E -.65(w.)-.25 G F0 2.5
(5.1.6. O)102 510 R 2.5<8a73>2.5 G(et option)156.17 510 Q F1 .045(There are a \
number of \231random\232 options that can be set from a con\214guration \214le\
.)142 526.2 R(Options)5.045 E(are represented by single characters.)117 538.2 Q
(The syntax of this line is:)5 E F0(O)157 554.4 Q F2 1.666(ov)C(alue)-1.666 E
F1 1.054(This sets option)117 570.6 R F2(o)3.554 E F1 1.054(to be)3.554 F F2
(value)3.554 E F1 6.054(.D)C 1.054(epending on the option,)256.318 570.6 R F2
(value)3.555 E F1 1.055(may be a string, an inte)3.555 F(ger)-.15 E 3.555(,a)
-.4 G(boolean \(with le)117 582.6 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.5(lv).05 G
(alues \231t\232, \231T\232, \231f\232, or \231F\232; the def)201.26 582.6 Q
(ault is TR)-.1 E(UE\), or a time interv)-.4 E(al.)-.25 E
(The options supported are:)142 598.8 Q(a)117 615 Q F2(N)A F1 .655(If set, w)
189 615 R .655(ait up to)-.1 F F2(N)3.155 E F1 .655
(minutes for an \231@:@\232 entry to e)3.155 F .655(xist in the alias database)
-.15 F .474(before starting up.)189 627 R .474(If it does not appear in)5.474 F
F2(N)2.974 E F1 .475(minutes, reb)2.974 F .475(uild the database \(if)-.2 F
(the)189 639 Q F0(D)2.5 E F1(option is also set\) or issue a w)2.5 E(arning.)
-.1 E(A)117 655.2 Q F2 .507(spec, spec, ...)B F1 .507
(Specify possible alias \214le\(s\).)190.014 655.2 R(Each)5.507 E F2(spec)3.006
E F1 .506(should be in the format `)3.006 F(`)-.74 E F2(class)A F0(:)A F2
(\214le)3.006 E F1 -.74('')C(where)189 667.2 Q F2(class)3.049 E F0(:)A F1 .549
(is optional and def)3.049 F .549(aults to `)-.1 F(`implicit')-.74 E 3.049
('. Depending)-.74 F .549(on ho)3.049 F(w)-.25 E F2(send-)3.05 E(mail)189 679.2
Q F1 1.335(is compiled, v)3.835 F 1.335
(alid classes are \231implicit\232 \(search through a compiled-in)-.25 F .193
(list of alias \214le types, for back compatibility\), \231hash\232 \(if)189
691.2 R/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(NEWDB)2.693 E F1 .193(is speci\214ed\),)2.693 F
.882(\231dbm\232 \(if)189 703.2 R F3(NDBM)3.382 E F1 .882
(is speci\214ed\), \231stab\232 \(internal symbol table \212 not normally)3.382
F .475(used unless you ha)189 715.2 R .775 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.975(oo).15 G .476
(ther database lookup\), or \231nis\232 \(if)295.735 715.2 R F3(NIS)2.976 E F1
.476(is speci\214ed\).)2.976 F EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-34 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(If a list of)189
96 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(spec)2.5 E F1 2.5(sa)C(re pro)259.26 96 Q(vided,)
-.15 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(searches them in order)2.5 E(.)-.55 E(b)117 112.2 Q
F2(N)A F1(/)A F2(M)A F1 1.589(Insist on at least)189 112.2 R F2(N)4.089 E F1
1.588(blocks free on the \214lesystem that holds the queue \214les)4.089 F .19
(before accepting email via SMTP)189 124.2 R 5.19(.I)-1.11 G 2.69(ft)334.09
124.2 S .19(here is insuf)342.89 124.2 R .19(\214cient space)-.25 F F2
(sendmail)2.69 E F1(gi)2.69 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(s).15 E 3.67(a4)189 136.2 S 1.17
(52 response to the MAIL command.)202.11 136.2 R 1.17(This in)6.17 F 1.17
(vites the sender to try ag)-.4 F(ain)-.05 E(later)189 148.2 Q 5.986(.T)-.55 G
.986(he optional)220.816 148.2 R F2(M)3.486 E F1 .987
(is a maximum message size adv)3.486 F .987(ertised in the ESMTP)-.15 F
(EHLO response.)189 160.2 Q(It is currently otherwise unused.)5 E(B)117 176.4 Q
F2(c)A F1 1.445(Set the blank substitution character to)189 176.4 R F2(c)3.945
E F1 6.444(.U)C 1.444(nquoted spaces in addresses are)371.594 176.4 R
(replaced by this character)189 188.4 Q 5(.D)-.55 G(ef)305.63 188.4 Q
(aults to space \(i.e., no change is made\).)-.1 E 67.56(cI)117 204.6 S 3.892
(fa)192.33 204.6 S 3.892(no)203.992 204.6 S 1.393(utgoing mailer is mark)
217.884 204.6 R 1.393(ed as being e)-.1 F(xpensi)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.893
(,d).15 G(on')415.294 204.6 Q 3.893(tc)-.18 G 1.393(onnect immedi-)439.557
204.6 R(ately)189 216.6 Q 6.164(.T)-.65 G 1.164
(his requires that queueing be compiled in, since it will depend on a)222.564
216.6 R(queue run process to actually send the mail.)189 228.6 Q(C)117 244.8 Q
F2(N)A F1 1.49(Checkpoints the queue e)189 244.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E F2
(N)3.99 E F1(\(def)3.99 E 1.49(ault 10\) addresses sent.)-.1 F 1.49
(If your system)6.49 F .785(crashes during deli)189 256.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .785
(ry to a lar).15 F .785(ge list, this pre)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .785
(nts retransmission to an).15 F 3.285(yb)-.15 G(ut)496.22 256.8 Q
(the last recipients.)189 268.8 Q(d)117 285 Q F2(x)A F1(Deli)189 285 Q -.15(ve)
-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G 2.5(nm)223.87 285 S(ode)239.15 285 Q F2(x)2.5 E F1 5(.L)C
-2.25 -.15(eg a)274.14 285 T 2.5(lm).15 G(odes are:)300.88 285 Q 17.22(iD)229
301.2 S(eli)256.22 301.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G(nteracti)283.87 301.2 Q
-.15(ve)-.25 G(ly \(synchronously\)).15 E 15(bD)229 313.2 S(eli)256.22 313.2 Q
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G 2.5(nb)283.87 313.2 S(ackground \(asynchronously\))
296.37 313.2 Q 15(qJ)229 325.2 S(ust queue the message \(deli)252.89 325.2 Q
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rd).15 G(uring queue run\))382.74 325.2 Q(Def)189 341.4 Q
1.32(aults to `)-.1 F(`b')-.74 E 3.82('i)-.74 G 3.82(fn)261.64 341.4 S 3.82(oo)
273.79 341.4 S 1.32(ption is speci\214ed, `)287.61 341.4 R(`i')-.74 E 3.82('i)
-.74 G 3.82(fi)385.57 341.4 S 3.82(ti)395.5 341.4 S 3.82(ss)404.88 341.4 S 1.32
(peci\214ed b)416.48 341.4 R 1.32(ut gi)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.82(nn).15 G(o)
499 341.4 Q(ar)189 353.4 Q(gument \(i.e., `)-.18 E(`Od')-.74 E 2.5('i)-.74 G
2.5(se)278.98 353.4 S(qui)289.81 353.4 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to `).25 E(`Odi')
-.74 E('\).)-.74 E 64.78(DI)117 369.6 S 2.736(fs)192.33 369.6 S .236(et, reb)
202.286 369.6 R .236(uild the alias database if necessary and possible.)-.2 F
.235(If this option is not)5.236 F(set,)189 381.6 Q F2(sendmail)3.385 E F1 .885
(will ne)3.385 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.385(rr).15 G(eb)292.96 381.6 Q .885
(uild the alias database unless e)-.2 F .885(xplicitly requested)-.15 F(using)
189 393.6 Q F0(\255bi)2.5 E F1(.)A(e)117 409.8 Q F2(x)A F1
(Dispose of errors using mode)189 409.8 Q F2(x)2.5 E F1 5(.T)C(he v)327.31
409.8 Q(alues for)-.25 E F2(x)2.5 E F1(are:)2.5 E 15(pP)229 426 S
(rint error messages \(def)254.56 426 Q(ault\))-.1 E 15(qN)229 438 S 2.5(om)
256.22 438 S(essages, just gi)271.5 438 Q .3 -.15(ve ex)-.25 H(it status).15 E
12.22(mM)229 450 S(ail back errors)257.89 450 Q 12.78(wW)229 462 S
(rite back errors \(mail if user not logged in\))258.44 462 Q 15.56(eM)229 474
S(ail back errors and gi)257.89 474 Q .3 -.15(ve z)-.25 H(ero e).15 E
(xit stat al)-.15 E -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys).1 E(E)117 494.4 Q F2(\214le/messa)A -.1
(ge)-.1 G F1 .549(Prepend error messages with the indicated message.)189 494.4
R .549(If it be)5.549 F .549(gins with a slash,)-.15 F .107(it is assumed to b\
e the pathname of a \214le containing a message \(this is the rec-)189 506.4 R
1.317(ommended setting\).)189 518.4 R 1.316
(Otherwise, it is a literal message.)6.317 F 1.316(The error \214le might)6.316
F .99
(contain the name, email address, and/or phone number of a local postmaster)189
530.4 R .429(who could pro)189 542.4 R .429(vide assistance in to end users.)
-.15 F .428(If the option is missing or null,)5.429 F .342
(or if it names a \214le which does not e)189 554.4 R .342
(xist or which is not readable, no message)-.15 F(is printed.)189 566.4 Q 68.67
(fS)117 582.6 S -2.25 -.2(av e)194.56 582.6 T 2.399
(Unix-style \231From\232 lines at the front of headers.)5.1 F 2.399
(Normally the)7.399 F 4.899(ya)-.15 G(re)496.23 582.6 Q
(assumed redundant and discarded.)189 594.6 Q(F)117 610.8 Q F2(mode)A F1
(The \214le mode for queue \214les.)189 610.8 Q(g)117 627 Q F2(n)A F1 .933
(Set the def)189 627 R .933(ault group id for mailers to run in to)-.1 F F2(n)
3.433 E F1 5.933(.D)C(ef)408.966 627 Q .933(aults to 1.)-.1 F .934(The v)5.934
F(alue)-.25 E(can also be gi)189 639 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(na).15 G 2.5(sas)
264.69 639 S(ymbolic group name.)281.91 639 Q 64.78(GA)117 655.2 S(llo)196.22
655.2 Q 3.492(wf)-.25 G .992(uzzy matching on the GECOS \214eld.)220.572 655.2
R .991(If this \215ag is set, and the usual)5.991 F .793(user name lookups f)
189 667.2 R .793(ail \(that is, there is no alias with this name and a)-.1 F F2
-.1(ge)3.294 G(tpw-).1 E(nam)189 679.2 Q F1 -.1(fa)3.702 G 1.202
(ils\), sequentially search the passw).1 F 1.201
(ord \214le for a matching entry in the)-.1 F 1.446(GECOS \214eld.)189 691.2 R
1.446(This also requires that MA)6.446 F 1.446(TCHGECOS be turned on during)
-1.11 F 2.5(compilation. This)189 703.2 R(option is not recommended.)2.5 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-35)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(h)117 96 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
(N)A F1 1.274(The maximum hop count.)189 96 R 1.274(Messages that ha)6.274 F
1.574 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.273(een processed more than).15 F F2(N)3.773 E F1
(times are assumed to be in a loop and are rejected.)189 108 Q(Def)5 E
(aults to 25.)-.1 E(H)117 124.2 Q F2(\214le)A F1
(Specify the help \214le for SMTP)189 124.2 Q(.)-1.11 E 69.22(iI)117 140.4 S
1.014(gnore dots in incoming messages.)192.33 140.4 R 1.014(This is al)6.014 F
-.1(wa)-.1 G 1.014(ys disabled \(that is, dots are).1 F(al)189 152.4 Q -.1(wa)
-.1 G(ys accepted\) when reading SMTP mail.).1 E 68.67(II)117 168.6 S .62
(nsist that the BIND name serv)192.33 168.6 R .619(er be running to resolv)-.15
F 3.119(eh)-.15 G .619(ost names.)421.524 168.6 R .619(If this is)5.619 F .945
(not set and the name serv)189 180.6 R .945(er is not running, the)-.15 F F2
(/etc/hosts)3.445 E F1 .945(\214le will be consid-)3.445 F .188(ered complete.)
189 192.6 R .188(In general, you do w)5.188 F .188
(ant to set this option if your)-.1 F F2(/etc/hosts)2.687 E F1(\214le)2.687 E
.412(does not include all hosts kno)189 204.6 R .412
(wn to you or if you are using the MX \(mail for)-.25 F(-)-.2 E -.1(wa)189
216.6 S .315(rding\) feature of the BIND name serv).1 F(er)-.15 E 5.315(.T)-.55
G .315(he name serv)373.955 216.6 R .314(er will still be con-)-.15 F 1.522
(sulted e)189 228.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.022(ni).15 G 4.022(ft)242.194 228.6 S
1.523(his option is not set, b)252.326 228.6 R(ut)-.2 E F2(sendmail)4.023 E F1
1.523(will feel free to resort to)4.023 F(reading)189 240.6 Q F2(/etc/hosts)
3.053 E F1 .553(if the name serv)3.053 F .552(er is not a)-.15 F -.25(va)-.2 G
3.052(ilable. Thus,).25 F .552(you should)3.052 F F2(ne)3.052 E(ver)-.15 E F1
(set this option if you do not run the name serv)189 252.6 Q(er)-.15 E(.)-.55 E
69.22(jI)117 268.8 S 3.128(fs)192.33 268.8 S .628
(et, send error messages in MIME format \(see RFC1341 and RFC1344 for)202.678
268.8 R(details\).)189 280.8 Q(J)117 297 Q F2(path)A F1 4.923
(Set the path for searching for users' .forw)189 297 R 4.923(ard \214les.)-.1 F
4.922(The def)9.922 F 4.922(ault is)-.1 F(\231$z/.forw)189 309 Q 2.868
(ard\232. Some)-.1 F .368
(sites that use the automounter may prefer to change this)2.868 F .676
(to \231/v)189 321 R(ar/forw)-.25 E .676
(ard/$u\232 to search a \214le with the same name as the user in a sys-)-.1 F
.924(tem directory)189 333 R 5.924(.I)-.65 G 3.424(tc)254.628 333 S .924
(an also be set to a sequence of paths separated by colons;)265.272 333 R F2
(sendmail)189 345 Q F1 .645
(stops at the \214rst \214le it can successfully and safely open.)3.146 F -.15
(Fo)5.645 G 3.145(re).15 G(xam-)483.45 345 Q 1.535(ple, \231/v)189 357 R
(ar/forw)-.25 E(ard/$u:$z/.forw)-.1 E 1.535(ard\232 will search \214rst in /v)
-.1 F(ar/forw)-.25 E(ard/)-.1 E F2(username)A F1(and then in)189 369 Q F2
(~username)2.5 E F1(/.forw)A(ard \(b)-.1 E
(ut only if the \214rst \214le does not e)-.2 E(xist\).)-.15 E(k)117 385.2 Q F2
(N)A F1 .196
(The maximum number of open connections that will be cached at a time.)189
385.2 R(The)5.196 E(def)189 397.2 Q 1.956(ault is one.)-.1 F 1.956
(This delays closing the current connection until either this)6.956 F(in)189
409.2 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G .516(cation of).2 F F2(sendmail)3.016 E F1 .516
(needs to connect to another host or it terminates.)3.016 F(Set-)5.515 E 1.958
(ting it to zero def)189 421.2 R 1.958(aults to the old beha)-.1 F(vior)-.2 E
4.459(,t)-.4 G 1.959(hat is, connections are closed)379.244 421.2 R
(immediately)189 433.2 Q(.)-.65 E(K)117 449.4 Q F2(timeout)A F1 .883
(The maximum amount of time a cached connection will be permitted to idle)189
449.4 R 2.746(without acti)189 461.4 R(vity)-.25 E 7.746(.I)-.65 G 5.246(ft)
267.482 461.4 S 2.746(his time is e)278.838 461.4 R 2.746
(xceeded, the connection is immediately)-.15 F 4.423(closed. This)189 473.4 R
-.25(va)4.423 G 1.922(lue should be small \(on the order of ten minutes\).).25
F(Before)6.922 E F2(sendmail)189 485.4 Q F1 1.286
(uses a cached connection, it al)3.786 F -.1(wa)-.1 G 1.287
(ys sends a NOOP \(no operation\)).1 F 2.058
(command to check the connection; if this f)189 497.4 R 2.058
(ails, it reopens the connection.)-.1 F .478(This k)189 509.4 R .478
(eeps your end from f)-.1 F .478(ailing if the other end times out.)-.1 F .478
(The point of this)5.478 F 3.099(option is to be a good netw)189 521.4 R 3.099
(ork neighbor and a)-.1 F -.2(vo)-.2 G 3.099(id using up e).2 F(xcessi)-.15 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G(resources on the other end.)189 533.4 Q(The def)5 E
(ault is \214v)-.1 E 2.5(em)-.15 G(inutes.)383.99 533.4 Q 69.22(lI)117 549.6 S
3.14(ft)192.33 549.6 S .64(here is an \231Errors-T)201.58 549.6 R .64
(o:\232 header)-.8 F 3.14(,s)-.4 G .64
(end error messages to the addresses listed)333.53 549.6 R 3.951(there. The)189
561.6 R 3.951(yn)-.15 G 1.451(ormally go to the en)247.292 561.6 R -.15(ve)-.4
G 1.451(lope sender).15 F 6.451(.U)-.55 G 1.451(se of this option causes)
405.428 561.6 R F2(sendmail)189 573.6 Q F1(to violate RFC 1123.)2.5 E(L)117
589.8 Q F2(n)A F1(Set the def)189 589.8 Q(ault log le)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5
(lt).15 G(o)288.77 589.8 Q F2(n)2.5 E F1 5(.D)C(ef)315.99 589.8 Q(aults to 9.)
-.1 E 64.22(mS)117 606 S(end to me too, e)194.56 606 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni)
.15 G 2.5(fIa)278.04 606 S 2.5(mi)294.14 606 S 2.5(na)307.2 606 S 2.5(na)319.14
606 S(lias e)331.08 606 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E(M)117 622.2 Q F2 1.666(xv)C(alue)
-1.666 E F1 1.312(Set the macro)189 622.2 R F2(x)3.812 E F1(to)3.812 E F2
(value)3.812 E F1 6.312(.T)C 1.312
(his is intended only for use from the command)306.852 622.2 R(line.)189 634.2
Q 67(nV)117 650.4 S(alidate the RHS of aliases when reb)195.11 650.4 Q
(uilding the alias database.)-.2 E 67(oA)117 666.6 S 1.786
(ssume that the headers may be in old format, i.e., spaces delimit names.)
196.22 666.6 R .432(This actually turns on an adapti)189 678.6 R .733 -.15
(ve a)-.25 H .433(lgorithm: if an).15 F 2.933(yr)-.15 G .433
(ecipient address contains)403.154 678.6 R 5.09(ac)189 690.6 S 2.589
(omma, parenthesis, or angle brack)202.97 690.6 R 2.589
(et, it will be assumed that commas)-.1 F .484(already e)189 702.6 R 2.984
(xist. If)-.15 F .485(this \215ag is not on, only commas delimit names.)2.984 F
.485(Headers are)5.485 F(al)189 714.6 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G
(ys output with commas between the names.).1 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-36 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(O)117 96 Q/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(options)A F1(Set serv)189 96 Q(er SMTP options.)-.15 E
(The options are)5 E F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(y=value)-.2 E F1 2.5(pairs. Kno)2.5 F
(wn k)-.25 E -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5(sa).15 G(re:)488.82 96 Q 52.83(Port Name/number)
229 112.2 R(of listening port \(def)2.5 E(aults to "smtp"\))-.1 E 48.95
(Addr Address)229 124.2 R(mask \(def)2.5 E(aults IN)-.1 E(ADDR_ANY\))-.35 E
-.15(Fa)229 136.2 S 41.31(mily Address).15 F -.1(fa)2.5 G(mily \(def).1 E
(aults to INET\))-.1 E 44.5(Listen Size)229 148.2 R(of listen queue \(def)2.5 E
(aults to 10\))-.1 E(The)189 164.4 Q F2(Addr)4.114 E F1 1.614
(ess mask may be a numeric address in dot notation or a netw)B(ork)-.1 E(name.)
189 176.4 Q(p)117 192.6 Q F2(opt,opt,...)1.666 E F1 1.22(Set the pri)189 192.6
R -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G F2(opt)3.871 E F1 3.721(ions. `)B(`Pri)-.74 E
-.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G 2.701 -.74('' i).15 H 3.721(sr).74 G 1.221
(eally a misnomer; man)351.854 192.6 R 3.721(yo)-.15 G 3.721(ft)460.468 192.6 S
1.221(hese are)470.299 192.6 R 2.419(just a w)189 204.6 R 2.418
(ay of insisting on stricter adherence to the SMTP protocol.)-.1 F(The)7.418 E
F2(opt)189 216.6 Q F1(ions can be selected from:)A 40.26(public Allo)229 232.8
R 2.5(wo)-.25 G(pen access)329.01 232.8 Q 11.38(needmailhelo Insist)229 244.8 R
(on HELO or EHLO command before MAIL)2.5 E(neede)229 256.8 Q 9.87
(xpnhelo Insist)-.15 F(on HELO or EHLO command before EXPN)2.5 E(noe)229 268.8
Q 35.97(xpn Disallo)-.15 F 2.5(wE)-.25 G(XPN entirely)341.23 268.8 Q 12.5
(needvrfyhelo Insist)229 280.8 R(on HELO or EHLO command before VRFY)2.5 E(no)
229 292.8 Q 38.75(vrfy Disallo)-.15 F 2.5(wV)-.25 G(RFY entirely)342.34 292.8 Q
14.71(restrictmailq Restrict)229 304.8 R(mailq command)2.5 E 19.16
(restrictqrun Restrict)229 316.8 R(\255q command line \215ag)2.5 E 24.16
(noreceipts Ignore)229 328.8 R(Return-Receipt-T)2.5 E(o: header)-.8 E(goa)229
340.8 Q -.1(wa)-.15 G 36.91(yD).1 G(isallo)303.98 340.8 Q 2.5(we)-.25 G
(ssentially all SMTP status queries)339.56 340.8 Q(authw)229 352.8 Q 11.48
(arnings Put)-.1 F(X-Authentication-W)2.5 E(arning: headers in messages)-.8 E
1.565(The \231goa)189 369 R -.1(wa)-.15 G 1.565
(y\232 pseudo-\215ag sets all \215ags e).1 F 1.566
(xcept \231restrictmailq\232 and \231restric-)-.15 F 4.299(tqrun\232. If)189
381 R 1.798(mailq is restricted, only people in the same group as the queue)
4.299 F .946(directory can print the queue.)189 393 R .946
(If queue runs are restricted, only root and the)5.946 F -.25(ow)189 405 S .178
(ner of the queue directory can run the queue.).25 F .178(Authentication W)
5.178 F .178(arnings add)-.8 F -.1(wa)189 417 S .008(rnings about v).1 F .008
(arious conditions that may indicate attempts to spoof the mail)-.25 F
(system, such as using an non-standard queue directory)189 429 Q(.)-.65 E(P)117
445.2 Q F2(postmaster)A F1 1.115
(If set, copies of error messages will be sent to the named)189 445.2 R F2
(postmaster)3.614 E F1 6.114(.O)C(nly)491.22 445.2 Q .397(the header of the f)
189 457.2 R .398(ailed message is sent.)-.1 F .398
(Since most errors are user problems,)5.398 F .564
(this is probably not a good idea on lar)189 469.2 R .563(ge sites, and ar)-.18
F .563(guably contains all sorts)-.18 F .05(of pri)189 481.2 R -.25(va)-.25 G
.35 -.15(cy v).25 H .05(iolations, b).15 F .05
(ut it seems to be popular with certain operating systems)-.2 F -.15(ve)189
493.2 S(ndors.).15 E(q)117 509.4 Q F2(factor)A F1(Use)189 509.4 Q F2(factor)
3.098 E F1 .597
(as the multiplier in the map function to decide when to just queue)3.098 F
.425(up jobs rather than run them.)189 521.4 R .425(This v)5.425 F .425
(alue is di)-.25 F .426(vided by the dif)-.25 F .426(ference between)-.25 F
1.064(the current load a)189 533.4 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.064(rage and the load a)
.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.064(rage limit \().15 F F0(x)A F1 1.063
(\215ag\) to determine the)3.564 F(maximum message priority that will be sent.)
189 545.4 Q(Def)5 E(aults to 600000.)-.1 E(Q)117 561.6 Q F2(dir)A F1
(Use the named)189 561.6 Q F2(dir)2.5 E F1(as the queue directory)2.5 E(.)-.65
E(r)117 577.8 Q F2(timeouts)1.666 E F1 -.35(Ti)189 577.8 S 3.938
(meout reads after).35 F F2(time)6.438 E F1(interv)6.438 E 6.438(al. The)-.25 F
F2(timeouts)6.438 E F1(ar)6.438 E 3.938(gument is a list of)-.18 F F2 -.1(ke)
189 589.8 S(ywor)-.2 E(d=value)-.37 E F1 3.61(pairs. The)3.61 F 1.11
(recognized timeouts and their def)3.61 F 1.11(ault v)-.1 F 1.11(alues, and)
-.25 F(their minimum v)189 601.8 Q
(alues speci\214ed in RFC 1123 section 5.3.2 are:)-.25 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-37)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 23.6(initial w)229 96 R
(ait for initial greeting message [5m, 5m])-.1 E 29.72(helo reply)229 108 R
(to HELO or EHLO command [5m, none])2.5 E 29.16(mail reply)229 120 R
(to MAIL command [10m, 5m])2.5 E 31.39(rcpt reply)229 132 R
(to RCPT command [1h, 5m])2.5 E 16.94(datainit reply)229 144 R(to D)2.5 E -1.21
-1.11(AT A)-.4 H(command [5m, 2m])3.61 E 8.06(datablock data)229 156 R
(block read [1h, 3m])2.5 E 12.5(data\214nal reply)229 168 R(to \214nal `)2.5 E
(`.)-.74 E 1.48 -.74('' i)-.7 H 2.5(nd).74 G(ata [1h, 10m])363.47 168 Q 32.5
(rset reply)229 180 R(to RSET command [5m, none])2.5 E 31.38(quit reply)229 192
R(to Q)2.5 E(UIT command [2m, none])-.1 E 28.05(misc reply)229 204 R
(to NOOP and VERB commands [2m, none])2.5 E 7.5(command command)229 216 R
(read [1h, 5m])2.5 E 26.94(ident IDENT)229 228 R(protocol timeout [30s, none])
2.5 E .798(All b)189 244.2 R .798(ut \231command\232 apply to client SMTP)-.2 F
5.798(.F)-1.11 G .798(or back compatibility)373.406 244.2 R 3.299(,at)-.65 G
(imeout)476.22 244.2 Q(with no `)189 256.2 Q(`k)-.74 E -.15(ey)-.1 G -.1(wo).15
G(rd=').1 E 2.5('p)-.74 G(art will set all of the longer v)281.4 256.2 Q
(alues.)-.25 E 65.33(RN)117 272.4 S(ormally)196.22 272.4 Q(,)-.65 E/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)4.154 E F1 1.653(tries to eliminate an)4.154 F
4.153(yu)-.15 G 1.653(nnecessary e)371.721 272.4 R 1.653(xplicit routes when)
-.15 F .931(sending an error message \(as discussed in RFC 1123 \247 5.2.6\).)
189 284.4 R -.15(Fo)5.931 G 3.431(re).15 G(xample,)472.06 284.4 Q
(when sending an error message to)189 296.4 Q(<@kno)229 312.6 Q(wn1,@kno)-.25 E
(wn2,@unkno)-.25 E(wn:user@kno)-.25 E(wn3>)-.25 E F2(sendmail)189 328.8 Q F1
.46(will strip of)2.96 F 2.96(ft)-.25 G .46(he \231@kno)284.48 328.8 R .46
(wn1\232 in order to mak)-.25 F 2.96(et)-.1 G .46(he route as direct as)422.74
328.8 R 3.429(possible. Ho)189 340.8 R(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.729 -.4(r, i)
.15 H 3.429(ft).4 G(he)284.057 340.8 Q F0(R)3.429 E F1 .929
(option is set, this will be disabled, and the mail)3.429 F .362
(will be sent to the \214rst address in the route, e)189 352.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
2.862(ni).15 G 2.862(fl)391.452 352.8 S .362(ater addresses are kno)400.424
352.8 R(wn.)-.25 E(This may be useful if you are caught behind a \214re)189
364.8 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(ll.).1 E 68.11(sB)117 381 S 2.729(es)195.67 381 S(uper)
206.729 381 Q .229(-safe when running things, i.e., al)-.2 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .229
(ys instantiate the queue \214le, e).1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E .739
(if you are going to attempt immediate deli)189 393 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E
(.)-.65 E F2(Sendmail)5.739 E F1(al)3.239 E -.1(wa)-.1 G .739(ys instantiates)
.1 F(the queue \214le before returning control the client under an)189 405 Q
2.5(yc)-.15 G(ircumstances.)429.35 405 Q(S)117 421.2 Q F2(\214le)A F1
(Log statistics in the named)189 421.2 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F1(.)A(t)117 437.4 Q
F2(tzinfo)A F1 .716(Set the local time zone info to)189 437.4 R F2(tzinfo)3.217
E F1 3.217<8a66>3.217 G .717(or e)358.499 437.4 R .717
(xample, \231PST8PDT\232.)-.15 F(Actually)5.717 E(,)-.65 E .315
(if this is not set, the TZ en)189 449.4 R .314(vironment v)-.4 F .314
(ariable is cleared \(so the system def)-.25 F(ault)-.1 E .55
(is used\); if set b)189 461.4 R .55(ut null, the user')-.2 F 3.051(sT)-.55 G
3.051(Zv)334.032 461.4 S .551(ariable is used, and if set and non-null)347.943
461.4 R(the TZ v)189 473.4 Q(ariable is set to this v)-.25 E(alue.)-.25 E(T)117
489.6 Q F2(rtime/wtime)A F1 1.604(Set the queue timeout to)189 489.6 R F2
(rtime)4.103 E F1 6.603(.A)C 1.603(fter this interv)334.172 489.6 R 1.603
(al, messages that ha)-.25 F 1.903 -.15(ve n)-.2 H(ot).15 E 1.251
(been successfully sent will be returned to the sender)189 501.6 R 6.252(.D)
-.55 G(ef)422.724 501.6 Q 1.252(aults to \214v)-.1 F 3.752(ed)-.15 G(ays.)
488.17 501.6 Q .546(The optional)189 513.6 R F2(wtime)3.046 E F1 .546
(is the time after which a w)3.046 F .546(arning message is sent.)-.1 F .546
(If it is)5.546 F(missing or zero then no w)189 525.6 Q
(arning messages are sent.)-.1 E(u)117 541.8 Q F2(n)A F1 .175(Set the def)189
541.8 R .175(ault userid for mailers to)-.1 F F2(n)2.675 E F1 5.175(.M)C .175
(ailers without the)355.28 541.8 R F2(S)2.676 E F1 .176(\215ag in the mailer)
2.676 F .084(de\214nition will run as this user)189 553.8 R 5.084(.D)-.55 G(ef)
322.844 553.8 Q .084(aults to 1.)-.1 F .084(The v)5.084 F .084
(alue can also be gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.583(na).15 G 2.583(sa)493.087
553.8 S(symbolic user name.)189 565.8 Q(U)117 582 Q F2(udbspec)A F1
(The user database speci\214cation.)189 582 Q 67(vR)117 598.2 S .411(un in v)
195.67 598.2 R .411(erbose mode.)-.15 F .411(If this is set,)5.411 F F2
(sendmail)2.912 E F1 .412(adjusts options)2.912 F F0(c)2.912 E F1(\(don')2.912
E 2.912(tc)-.18 G(onnect)477.34 598.2 Q .428(to e)189 610.2 R(xpensi)-.15 E
.728 -.15(ve m)-.25 H .428(ailers\) and).15 F F0(d)2.928 E F1(\(deli)2.928 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G .428(ry mode\) so that all mail is deli).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
.427(red com-).15 F .048
(pletely in a single job so that you can see the entire deli)189 622.2 R -.15
(ve)-.25 G .048(ry process.).15 F(Option)5.048 E F0(v)2.548 E F1(should)189
634.2 Q F2(ne)3.39 E(ver)-.15 E F1 .889
(be set in the con\214guration \214le; it is intended for command line)3.39 F
(use only)189 646.2 Q(.)-.65 E(V)117 662.4 Q F2(fallbac)A(khost)-.2 E F1 .963
(If speci\214ed, the)189 662.4 R F2(fallbac)3.464 E(khost)-.2 E F1 .964
(acts lik)3.464 F 3.464(eav)-.1 G .964(ery lo)358.606 662.4 R 3.464(wp)-.25 G
.964(riority MX on e)398.054 662.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .964(ry host.).15 F
(This is intended to be used by sites with poor netw)189 674.4 Q(ork connecti)
-.1 E(vity)-.25 E(.)-.65 E 64.78(wI)117 690.6 S 4.06(fy)192.33 690.6 S 1.56
(ou are the \231best\232 \(that is, lo)204.72 690.6 R 1.56
(west preference\) MX for a gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.06(nh).15 G 1.56
(ost, you)470.77 690.6 R .433
(should normally detect this situation and treat that condition specially)189
702.6 R 2.933(,b)-.65 G 2.933(yf)481.277 702.6 S(or)492.54 702.6 Q(-)-.2 E -.1
(wa)189 714.6 S .594
(rding the mail to a UUCP feed, treating it as local, or whate).1 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G 4.193 -.55(r. H).15 H -.25(ow).55 G -2.15 -.25(ev e).25 H -.4(r,).25 G
EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-38 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.897
(in some cases \(such as Internet \214re)189 96 R -.1(wa)-.25 G 1.898
(lls\) you may w).1 F 1.898(ant to try to connect)-.1 F .352
(directly to that host as though it had no MX records at all.)189 108 R .352
(Setting this option)5.352 F(causes)189 120 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)
3.032 E F1 .532(to try this.)3.032 F .532(The do)5.532 F .533
(wnside is that errors in your con\214guration)-.25 F .543(are lik)189 132 R
.543(ely to be diagnosed as \231host unkno)-.1 F .542
(wn\232 or \231message timed out\232 instead)-.25 F
(of something more meaningful.)189 144 Q(This option is disrecommended.)5 E(x)
117 160.2 Q F2(LA)A F1 .108(When the system load a)189 160.2 R -.15(ve)-.2 G
.108(rage e).15 F(xceeds)-.15 E F2(LA)2.608 E F1 2.608(,j)C .109
(ust queue messages \(i.e., don')367.546 160.2 R 2.609(tt)-.18 G(ry)495.67
160.2 Q(to send them\).)189 172.2 Q(Def)5 E(aults to 8.)-.1 E(X)117 188.4 Q F2
(LA)A F1 1.251(When the system load a)189 188.4 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.251(rage e)
.15 F(xceeds)-.15 E F2(LA)3.751 E F1 3.751(,r)C 1.251
(efuse incoming SMTP connec-)376.097 188.4 R 2.5(tions. Def)189 200.4 R
(aults to 12.)-.1 E(y)117 216.6 Q F2(fact)A F1 .621(The indicated)189 216.6 R
F2(fact)3.121 E F1 .621(or is added to the priority \(thus)B F2(lowering)3.122
E F1 .622(the priority of the)3.122 F 1.384
(job\) for each recipient, i.e., this v)189 228.6 R 1.383
(alue penalizes jobs with lar)-.25 F 1.383(ge numbers of)-.18 F 2.5
(recipients. Def)189 240.6 R(aults to 30000.)-.1 E 64.78(YI)117 256.8 S 3.346
(fs)192.33 256.8 S .846(et, deli)202.896 256.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.346(re).15 G
.847(ach job that is run from the queue in a separate process.)251.118 256.8 R
(Use)5.847 E .037(this option if you are short of memory)189 268.8 R 2.536(,s)
-.65 G .036(ince the def)350.024 268.8 R .036(ault tends to consume con-)-.1 F
(siderable amounts of memory while the queue is being processed.)189 280.8 Q(z)
117 297 Q F2(fact)A F1 1.644(The indicated)189 297 R F2(fact)4.144 E F1 1.645
(or is multiplied by the message class \(determined by the)B .923
(Precedence: \214eld in the user header and the)189 309 R F0(P)3.423 E F1 .923
(lines in the con\214guration \214le\))3.423 F .819
(and subtracted from the priority)189 321 R 5.819(.T)-.65 G .819
(hus, messages with a higher Priority: will)333.255 321 R(be f)189 333 Q -.2
(avo)-.1 G 2.5(red. Def).2 F(aults to 1800.)-.1 E(Z)117 349.2 Q F2(fact)A F1
(The)189 349.2 Q F2(fact)3.346 E F1 .846(or is added to the priority e)B -.15
(ve)-.25 G .846(ry time a job is processed.).15 F .845(Thus, each)5.845 F .942
(time a job is processed, its priority will be decreased by the indicated v)189
361.2 R(alue.)-.25 E .297(In most en)189 373.2 R .296
(vironments this should be positi)-.4 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.796(,s).15 G .296
(ince hosts that are do)378.614 373.2 R .296(wn are all)-.25 F(too often do)189
385.2 Q(wn for a long time.)-.25 E(Def)5 E(aults to 90000.)-.1 E 67(7S)117
401.4 S .278(trip input to se)194.56 401.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.778(nb).15 G .278
(its for compatibility with old systems.)275.272 401.4 R .279(This shouldn')
5.279 F 2.779(tb)-.18 G(e)499.56 401.4 Q(necessary)189 413.4 Q(.)-.65 E .78
(All options can be speci\214ed on the command line using the \255o \215ag, b)
117 429.6 R .779(ut most will cause)-.2 F F2(send-)3.279 E(mail)117 441.6 Q F1
.236(to relinquish its setuid permissions.)2.736 F .237
(The options that will not cause this are b, d, e, i, L, m,)5.237 F .175
(o, p, r)117 453.6 R 2.675(,s)-.4 G 2.675(,v)149.345 453.6 S 2.675(,C)158.87
453.6 S 2.675(,a)170.715 453.6 S .174(nd 7.)180.33 453.6 R .174(Also, M \(de\
\214ne macro\) when de\214ning the r or s macros is also considered)5.174 F
(\231safe\232.)117 465.6 Q F0 2.5(5.1.7. P)102 489.6 R 2.5<8a70>2.5 G -.18(re)
156.17 489.6 S(cedence de\214nitions).18 E F1 -1.11(Va)142 505.8 S .304
(lues for the \231Precedence:\232 \214eld may be de\214ned using the)1.11 F F0
(P)2.805 E F1 .305(control line.)2.805 F .305(The syntax of)5.305 F
(this \214eld is:)117 517.8 Q F0(P)157 534 Q F2(name)A F0(=)A F2(num)A F1 .286
(When the)117 550.2 R F2(name)2.786 E F1 .285
(is found in a \231Precedence:\232 \214eld, the message class is set to)2.786 F
F2(num)2.785 E F1 5.285(.H)C .285(igher num-)459.555 550.2 R .479
(bers mean higher precedence.)117 562.2 R .479(Numbers less than zero ha)5.479
F .779 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .48(he special property that if an error).15 F 1.11(occ\
urs during processing the body of the message will not be returned; this is e)
117 574.2 R 1.11(xpected to be)-.15 F .678(used for \231b)117 586.2 R .678
(ulk\232 mail such as through mailing lists.)-.2 F .678(The def)5.678 F .678
(ault precedence is zero.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)5.678 G 3.178(re).15 G(xam-)483.45
586.2 Q(ple, our list of precedences is:)117 598.2 Q(P\214rst-class=0)157 614.4
Q(Pspecial-deli)157 626.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry=100).15 E(Plist=\25530)157 638.4
Q(Pb)157 650.4 Q(ulk=\25560)-.2 E(Pjunk=\255100)157 662.4 Q .8
(People writing mailing list e)117 678.6 R .799
(xploders are encouraged to use \231Precedence: list\232.)-.15 F .799(Older v)
5.799 F(ersions)-.15 E(of)117 690.6 Q F2(sendmail)3.759 E F1 1.259
(\(which discarded all error returns for ne)3.759 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E
1.559 -.15(ve p)-.25 H 1.259(recedences\) didn').15 F 3.76(tr)-.18 G 1.26
(ecognize this)450.25 690.6 R .255(name, gi)117 702.6 R .255(ving it a def)-.25
F .255(ault precedence of zero.)-.1 F .254(This allo)5.254 F .254
(ws list maintainers to see error returns on)-.25 F(both old and ne)117 714.6 Q
2.5(wv)-.25 G(ersions of)193.26 714.6 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(.)A EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-39)452.9 60 Q 2.5(5.1.8. V)102 96 R 2.5<8a63>2.5 G(on\214guration v)
156.16 96 Q(ersion le)-.1 E -.1(ve)-.15 G(l).1 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.11
-.8(To p)142 112.2 T(ro).8 E .51
(vide compatibility with old con\214guration \214les, the)-.15 F F0(V)3.01 E F1
.51(line has been added to de\214ne)3.01 F .173(some v)117 124.2 R .173
(ery basic semantics of the con\214guration \214le.)-.15 F .172
(These are not intended to be long term sup-)5.173 F 1.84(ports; rather)117
136.2 R 4.34(,t)-.4 G(he)176.66 136.2 Q 4.34(yd)-.15 G 1.84
(escribe compatibility features which will probably be remo)200.29 136.2 R -.15
(ve)-.15 G 4.34(di).15 G 4.34(nf)470.78 136.2 S(uture)483.45 136.2 Q(releases.)
117 148.2 Q F0(N.B.:)142 164.4 Q F1 1.032(these v)3.532 F(ersion)-.15 E/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(le)3.532 E(vels)-.15 E F1(ha)3.532 E 1.332 -.15(ve n)-.2 H
1.032(othing to do with the v).15 F(ersion)-.15 E F2(number)3.532 E F1 1.032
(on the \214les.)3.532 F -.15(Fo)6.032 G(r).15 E -.15(ex)117 176.4 S .384
(ample, as of this writing v).15 F .384
(ersion 8 con\214g \214les \(speci\214cally)-.15 F 2.884(,8)-.65 G .384
(.6\) used v)373.76 176.4 R .384(ersion le)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.884(l5c).15
G(on\214gu-)475.11 176.4 Q(rations.)117 188.4 Q .031
(\231Old\232 con\214guration \214les are de\214ned as v)142 204.6 R .031
(ersion le)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.531(lo).15 G 2.531(ne. V)359.438 204.6 R
.031(ersion le)-1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.53(lt).15 G .23 -.1(wo \214)433.84
204.6 T .03(les mak).1 F 2.53(et)-.1 G(he)494.56 204.6 Q(follo)117 216.6 Q
(wing changes:)-.25 E 12.5(\(1\) Host)122 232.8 R .757(name canoni\214cation \
\($[ ... $]\) appends a dot if the name is recognized; this gi)3.256 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G(s).15 E .903(the con\214g \214le a w)148.66 244.8 R .903
(ay of \214nding out if an)-.1 F .903(ything matched.)-.15 F(\(Actually)5.903 E
3.403(,t)-.65 G .902(his just initializes)432.186 244.8 R .424
(the \231host\232 map with the \231\255a.)148.66 256.8 R 5.424<9a8d>-.7 G .424
(ag \212 you can reset it to an)280.014 256.8 R .424
(ything you prefer by declar)-.15 F(-)-.2 E(ing the map e)148.66 268.8 Q
(xplicitly)-.15 E(.\))-.65 E 12.5(\(2\) Def)122 285 R .436(ault host name e)-.1
F .435(xtension is consistent throughout processing; v)-.15 F .435(ersion le)
-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.935(lo).15 G .435(ne con-)473.855 285 R .828
(\214gurations turned of)148.66 297 R 3.328(fd)-.25 G .828(omain e)243.384 297
R .828(xtension \(that is, adding the local domain name\) during)-.15 F .597
(certain points in processing.)148.66 309 R -1.11(Ve)5.597 G .597(rsion le)1.11
F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.097(lt).15 G .797 -.1(wo c)326.822 309 T .597
(on\214gurations are e).1 F .596(xpected to include a)-.15 F
(trailing dot to indicate that the name is already canonical.)148.66 321 Q 12.5
(\(3\) Local)122 337.2 R .176
(names that are not aliases are passed through a ne)2.675 F 2.676(wd)-.25 G
.176(istinguished ruleset \214v)388.892 337.2 R .176(e; this)-.15 F .797
(can be used to append a local relay)148.66 349.2 R 5.797(.T)-.65 G .797
(his beha)307.676 349.2 R .796(viour can be pre)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .796
(nted by resolving the).15 F .62(local name with an initial `@'.)148.66 361.2 R
.621(That is, something that resolv)5.62 F .621(es to a local mailer and a)-.15
F .844(user name of \231vikki\232 will be passed through ruleset \214v)148.66
373.2 R .843(e, b)-.15 F .843(ut a user name of \231@vikki\232)-.2 F .328
(will ha)148.66 385.2 R .628 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .328
(he `@' stripped, will not be passed through ruleset \214v).15 F .328(e, b)-.15
F .328(ut will otherwise be)-.2 F 1.509(treated the same as the prior e)148.66
397.2 R 4.009(xample. The)-.15 F -.15(ex)4.009 G 1.508
(pectation is that this might be used to).15 F .907(implement a polic)148.66
409.2 R 3.407(yw)-.15 G .907(here mail sent to \231vikki\232 w)238.171 409.2 R
.908(as handled by a central hub, b)-.1 F .908(ut mail)-.2 F
(sent to \231vikki@localhost\232 w)148.66 421.2 Q(as deli)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
(red directly).15 E(.)-.65 E -1.11(Ve)142 437.4 S .229(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G 2.729(lt).15 G .229(hree \214les allo)199.828 437.4 R 2.729(w#i)-.25 G
.228(nitiated comments on all lines.)274.374 437.4 R .228
(Exceptions are backslash)5.228 F(escaped # marks and the $# syntax.)117 449.4
Q -1.11(Ve)142 465.6 S 1.593(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.093(lf).15 G
1.593(our con\214gurations are completely equi)203.106 465.6 R -.25(va)-.25 G
1.594(lent to le).25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.094(lt).15 G 1.594(hree for historical)
429.722 465.6 R(reasons.)117 477.6 Q -1.11(Ve)142 493.8 S .234(rsion le)1.11 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.734<6c8c>.15 G .534 -.15(ve c)202.618 493.8 T .234
(on\214guration \214les change the def).15 F .234(ault de\214nition of)-.1 F F0
($w)2.734 E F1 .234(to be just the \214rst)2.734 F(component of the hostname.)
117 505.8 Q(The)142 522 Q F0(V)2.64 E F1 .14(line may ha)2.64 F .44 -.15(ve a)
-.2 H 2.64(no).15 G(ptional)245.8 522 Q F0(/)2.64 E F2(vendor)A F1 .14
(to indicate that this con\214guration \214le uses modi-)2.64 F
(\214cations speci\214c to a particular v)117 536 Q(endor)-.15 E/F3 7
/Times-Roman@0 SF(14)272.1 532 Q F1(.)279.1 536 Q F0 2.5(5.1.9. K)102 560 R 2.5
<8a6b>2.5 G(ey \214le declaration)157.74 560 Q F1
(Special maps can be de\214ned using the line:)142 576.2 Q
(Kmapname mapclass ar)157 592.4 Q(guments)-.18 E(The)117 608.6 Q F2(mapname)
3.443 E F1 .944(is the handle by which this map is referenced in the re)3.443 F
.944(writing rules.)-.25 F(The)5.944 E F2(map-)3.444 E(class)117 620.6 Q F1
.301(is the name of a type of map; these are compiled in to)2.801 F F2
(sendmail)2.8 E F1 5.3(.T)C(he)410.64 620.6 Q F2(ar)2.8 E(guments)-.37 E F1 .3
(are inter)2.8 F(-)-.2 E .569(preted depending on the class; typically)117
632.6 R 3.069(,t)-.65 G .569(here w)286.134 632.6 R .569(ould be a single ar)
-.1 F .57(gument naming the \214le con-)-.18 F(taining the map.)117 644.6 Q .32
LW 76 669.2 72 669.2 DL 80 669.2 76 669.2 DL 84 669.2 80 669.2 DL 88 669.2 84
669.2 DL 92 669.2 88 669.2 DL 96 669.2 92 669.2 DL 100 669.2 96 669.2 DL 104
669.2 100 669.2 DL 108 669.2 104 669.2 DL 112 669.2 108 669.2 DL 116 669.2 112
669.2 DL 120 669.2 116 669.2 DL 124 669.2 120 669.2 DL 128 669.2 124 669.2 DL
132 669.2 128 669.2 DL 136 669.2 132 669.2 DL 140 669.2 136 669.2 DL 144 669.2
140 669.2 DL 148 669.2 144 669.2 DL 152 669.2 148 669.2 DL 156 669.2 152 669.2
DL 160 669.2 156 669.2 DL 164 669.2 160 669.2 DL 168 669.2 164 669.2 DL 172
669.2 168 669.2 DL 176 669.2 172 669.2 DL 180 669.2 176 669.2 DL 184 669.2 180
669.2 DL 188 669.2 184 669.2 DL 192 669.2 188 669.2 DL 196 669.2 192 669.2 DL
200 669.2 196 669.2 DL 204 669.2 200 669.2 DL 208 669.2 204 669.2 DL 212 669.2
208 669.2 DL 216 669.2 212 669.2 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(14)93.6 679.6 Q/F5 8
/Times-Roman@0 SF .214(And of course, v)3.2 J .214
(endors are encouraged to add themselv)-.12 F .214
(es to the list of recognized v)-.12 F .214(endors by editing the routine)-.12
F/F6 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(setvendor)2.214 E F5(in)2.214 E F6(conf)72 692.4 Q(.c)
-.12 E F5(.)A EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-40 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(Maps are referenced using the syntax:)142 96 Q($\()157 112.2 Q/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(map k)2.5 E -.3(ey)-.1 G F1($@)2.8 E F2(ar)2.5 E(guments)
-.37 E F1($:)2.5 E F2(default)2.5 E F1($\))2.5 E .797
(where either or both of the)117 128.4 R F2(ar)3.297 E(guments)-.37 E F1(or)
3.297 E F2(default)3.297 E F1 .796(portion may be omitted.)3.297 F(The)5.796 E
F2(ar)3.296 E(guments)-.37 E F1(may)3.296 E .205(appear more than once.)117
140.4 R .205(The indicated)5.205 F F2 -.1(ke)2.705 G(y)-.2 E F1(and)2.705 E F2
(ar)2.705 E(guments)-.37 E F1 .205(are passed to the appropriate mapping)2.705
F 2.503(function. If)117 152.4 R .003(it returns a v)2.503 F .003
(alue, it replaces the input.)-.25 F .003(If it does not return a v)5.003 F
.003(alue and the)-.25 F F2(default)2.503 E F1(is)2.503 E(speci\214ed, the)117
164.4 Q F2(default)2.5 E F1(replaces the input.)2.5 E
(Otherwise, the input is unchanged.)5 E .159
(During replacement of either a map v)142 180.6 R .159(alue or def)-.25 F .159
(ault the string \231%)-.1 F F2(n)A F1 2.66<9a28>C(where)421.82 180.6 Q F2(n)
2.66 E F1 .16(is a digit\) is)2.66 F .204(replaced by the corresponding)117
192.6 R F2(ar)2.704 E(gument)-.37 E F1 5.204(.A)C -.18(rg)294 192.6 S .204
(ument zero is al).18 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .204(ys the database k).1 F -.15(ey)-.1 G
5.203(.F)-.5 G .203(or e)468.127 192.6 R(xam-)-.15 E(ple, the rule)117 204.6 Q
(R$- ! $+)157 220.8 Q($: $\(uucp $1 $@ $2 $: %1 @ %0 . UUCP $\))265 220.8 Q
.436(Looks up the UUCP name in a \(user de\214ned\) UUCP map; if not found it \
turns it into \231.UUCP\232)117 237 R 2.5(form. The)117 249 R
(database might contain records lik)2.5 E(e:)-.1 E(decv)157 265.2 Q 77.43
(ax %1@%0.DEC.COM)-.25 F 72.19(research %1@%0.A)157 277.2 R(TT)-1.11 E(.COM)
-.74 E 2.065(The b)142 297.6 R 2.064(uilt in map with both name and class \231\
host\232 is the host name canonicalization)-.2 F 2.5(lookup. Thus,)117 309.6 R
(the syntax:)2.5 E($\(host)157 325.8 Q F2(hostname)2.5 E F1($\))A(is equi)117
342 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to:).25 E($[)157 358.2 Q F2(hostname)A F1($])A 1.783
(There are four prede\214ned database lookup classes: \231dbm\232, \231btree\
\232, \231hash\232, and \231nis\232.)142 378.6 R .569
(The \214rst requires that)117 390.6 R F2(sendmail)3.069 E F1 .569
(be compiled with the)3.069 F F0(ndbm)3.069 E F1 .568(library; the second tw)
3.069 F 3.068(or)-.1 G .568(equire the)463.722 390.6 R F0(db)117 402.6 Q F1
(library)3.198 E 3.198(,a)-.65 G .698(nd the third requires that)167.466 402.6
R F2(sendmail)3.198 E F1 .698(be compiled with NIS support.)3.198 F .698
(All four accept)5.698 F .345(as ar)117 414.6 R .344(guments the same optional\
 \215ags and a \214lename \(or a mapname for NIS; the \214lename is the)-.18 F
.105(root of the database path, so that \231.db\232 or some other e)117 426.6 R
.105(xtension appropriate for the database type)-.15 F
(will be added to get the actual database name\).)117 438.6 Q(Kno)5 E
(wn \215ags are:)-.25 E 58.86(\255o Indicates)117 454.8 R .21
(that this map is optional \212 that is, if it cannot be opened, no error is)
2.71 F(produced, and)189 466.8 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(will beha)2.5 E .3 -.15
(ve a)-.2 H 2.5(si).15 G 2.5(ft)348.9 466.8 S(he map e)357.51 466.8 Q(xisted b)
-.15 E(ut w)-.2 E(as empty)-.1 E(.)-.65 E 56.64(\255N Normally)117 483 R .515
(when maps are written, the trailing null byte is not included as part)3.015 F
.8(of the k)189 495 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 5.8(.I)-.5 G 3.3(ft)241.32 495 S .799
(his \215ag is indicated it will be included.)250.73 495 R .799
(During lookups, only)5.799 F(the null-byte-included form will be searched.)189
507 Q(See also)5 E F0(\255O.)2.5 E F1 56.64(\255O If)117 523.2 R(neither)4.388
E F0<ad4e>4.388 E F1(or)4.388 E F0<ad4f>4.388 E F1 1.888(are speci\214ed,)4.388
F F2(sendmail)4.388 E F1 1.889(uses an adapti)4.388 F 2.189 -.15(ve a)-.25 H
1.889(lgorithm to).15 F 1.025
(decide whether or not to look for null bytes on the end of k)189 535.2 R -.15
(ey)-.1 G 3.525(s. It).15 F 1.025(starts by)3.525 F .922
(trying both; if it \214nds an)189 547.2 R 3.422(yk)-.15 G 1.222 -.15(ey w)
304.29 547.2 T .922(ith a null byte it ne).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.422(rt).15 G
.922(ries ag)422.684 547.2 R .922(ain without a)-.05 F .124
(null byte and vice v)189 559.2 R 2.623(ersa. If)-.15 F .123
(this \215ag is speci\214ed, it ne)2.623 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.623(rt).15 G .123
(ries with a null byte;)421.288 559.2 R .748(this can speed matches b)189 571.2
R .748(ut is ne)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.249(rn).15 G(ecessary)341.667 571.2 Q
5.749(.I)-.65 G 3.249(fb)386.466 571.2 S(oth)398.045 571.2 Q F0<ad4e>3.249 E F1
(and)3.249 E F0<ad4f>3.249 E F1 .749(are speci-)3.249 F(\214ed,)189 583.2 Q F2
(sendmail)4.349 E F1 1.849(will ne)4.349 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.349(rt).15 G 1.849
(ry an)300.156 583.2 R 4.349(ym)-.15 G 1.848(atches at all \212 that is, e)
339.254 583.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.848(rything will).15 F(appear to f)189 595.2 Q
(ail.)-.1 E<ad61>117 611.4 Q F2(x)A F1 .106(Append the string)189 611.4 R F2(x)
2.606 E F1 .107(on successful matches.)2.606 F -.15(Fo)5.107 G 2.607(re).15 G
.107(xample, the def)387.852 611.4 R(ault)-.1 E F2(host)2.607 E F1(map)2.607 E
(appends a dot on successful matches.)189 623.4 Q 60.53(\255f Do)117 639.6 R
(not fold upper to lo)2.5 E(wer case before looking up the k)-.25 E -.15(ey)-.1
G(.)-.5 E 56.08(\255m Match)117 655.8 R .085(only \(without replacing the v)
2.585 F 2.585(alue\). If)-.25 F .085(you only care about the e)2.585 F
(xistence)-.15 E 2.618(of a k)189 667.8 R 2.918 -.15(ey a)-.1 H 2.618
(nd not the v).15 F 2.619(alue \(as you might when searching the NIS map)-.25 F
.447(\231hosts.byname\232 for e)189 679.8 R .447(xample\), this \215ag pre)-.15
F -.15(ve)-.25 G .447(nts the map from substituting the).15 F -.25(va)189 691.8
S 4.935(lue. Ho).25 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.235 -.4(r, T).15 H 2.436
(he \255a ar).4 F 2.436(gument is still appended on a match, and the)-.18 F
(def)189 703.8 Q(ault is still tak)-.1 E(en if the match f)-.1 E(ails.)-.1 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-41)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(The)142 96 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0
SF(dbm)3.874 E F1 1.374
(map appends the strings \231.pag\232 and \231.dir\232 to the gi)3.874 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G 3.874<6e8c>.15 G 1.374(lename; the tw)420.268 96 R(o)-.1 E F2(db)
3.874 E F1(-)A(based maps append \231.db\232.)117 108 Q -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15
G(xample, the map speci\214cation)246.67 108 Q -.15(Ku)157 124.2 S
(ucp dbm \255o \255N /usr/lib/uucpmap).15 E .77
(speci\214es an optional map named \231uucp\232 of class \231dbm\232; it al)117
140.4 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .77(ys has null bytes at the end of).1 F -2.15 -.25(ev e)
117 152.4 T(ry string, and the data is located in /usr/lib/uucpmap.{dir).25 E
(,pag}.)-.4 E .023(The program)142 168.6 R F2(mak)2.523 E(emap)-.1 E F1 .023
(\(8\) can be used to b)B .023(uild an)-.2 F 2.523(yo)-.15 G 2.523(ft)353.097
168.6 S .023(he three database-oriented maps.)361.73 168.6 R(It)5.022 E(tak)117
180.6 Q(es the follo)-.1 E(wing \215ags:)-.25 E 60.53(\255f F)117 196.8 R
(old upper to lo)-.15 E(wer case in the map.)-.25 E 56.64(\255N Include)117 213
R(null bytes in k)2.5 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(s.).15 E 58.86(\255o Append)117 229.2 R
(to an e)2.5 E(xisting \(old\) \214le.)-.15 E 60.53(\255r Allo)117 245.4 R
3.479(wr)-.25 G .979(eplacement of e)220.559 245.4 R .979(xisting k)-.15 F -.15
(ey)-.1 G .979(s; normally).15 F 3.479(,r)-.65 G .979(e-inserting an e)385.494
245.4 R .979(xisting k)-.15 F 1.279 -.15(ey i)-.1 H(s).15 E(an error)189 257.4
Q(.)-.55 E 58.86(\255v Print)117 273.6 R(what is happening.)2.5 E(The)117 289.8
Q F2(sendmail)2.773 E F1 .273(daemon does not ha)2.773 F .572 -.15(ve t)-.2 H
2.772(ob).15 G 2.772(er)282.148 289.8 S .272(estarted to read the ne)292.69
289.8 R 2.772(wm)-.25 G .272(aps as long as you change)399.05 289.8 R .042
(them in place; \214le locking is used so that the maps w)117 303.8 R(on')-.1 E
2.542(tb)-.18 G 2.542(er)352.214 303.8 S .042(ead while the)362.526 303.8 R
2.543(ya)-.15 G .043(re being updated.)427.764 303.8 R/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF
(15)497 299.8 Q F1(There are also tw)142 320 Q 2.5(ob)-.1 G
(uiltin maps that are, strictly speaking, not database lookups.)223.34 320 Q
1.563(The \231host\232 map does host domain canoni\214cation; gi)142 336.2 R
-.15(ve)-.25 G 4.063(nah).15 G 1.563(ost name it calls the name)392.585 336.2 R
(serv)117 348.2 Q(er to \214nd the canonical name for that host.)-.15 E .106
(The \231dequote\232 map strips double quotes \("\) from a name.)142 364.4 R
.106(It does not strip backslashes.)5.106 F(It)5.106 E 1.838
(will not strip quotes if the resulting string w)117 376.4 R 1.838
(ould contain unscannable syntax \(that is, basic)-.1 F .601(errors lik)117
388.4 R 3.101(eu)-.1 G .601(nbalanced angle brack)166.422 388.4 R .601
(ets; more sophisticated errors such as unkno)-.1 F .6(wn hosts are not)-.25 F
(check)117 400.4 Q 3.398(ed\). The)-.1 F .899
(intent is for use when trying to accept mail from systems such as DECnet that)
3.398 F(routinely quote odd syntax such as)117 412.4 Q("49ers::ubell")157 428.6
Q 2.5(At)117 444.8 S(ypical usage is probably something lik)129.5 444.8 Q(e:)
-.1 E(Kdequote dequote)157 461 Q(...)157 485 Q 88.19(R$\255 $:)157 509 R
($\(dequote $1 $\))2.5 E(R$\255 $+)157 521 Q($: $>3 $1 $2)265 521 Q
(Care must be tak)117 537.2 Q(en to pre)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt une).15 E
(xpected results; for e)-.15 E(xample,)-.15 E("|someprogram < input > output")
157 553.4 Q .084(will ha)117 569.6 R .384 -.15(ve q)-.2 H .083
(uotes stripped, b).15 F .083
(ut the result is probably not what you had in mind.)-.2 F -.15(Fo)5.083 G .083
(rtunately these).15 F(cases are rare.)117 581.6 Q(Ne)142 597.8 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G
(lasses can be added in the routine)167.57 597.8 Q F0(setupmaps)2.5 E F1
(in \214le)2.5 E F0(conf)2.5 E(.c)-.15 E F1(.)A F0 2.5(5.2. Building)87 621.8 R
2.5(aC)2.5 G(on\214guration File Fr)160.91 621.8 Q(om Scratch)-.18 E F1 1.517
(Building a con\214guration table from scratch is an e)127 638 R 1.518
(xtremely dif)-.15 F 1.518(\214cult job)-.25 F 6.518(.F)-.4 G(ortunately)
441.334 638 Q 4.018(,i)-.65 G 4.018(ti)490.532 638 S(s)500.11 638 Q 1.855
(almost ne)102 650 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.355(rn).15 G 1.855
(ecessary to do so; nearly e)164.19 650 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.855
(ry situation that may come up may be resolv).15 F 1.855(ed by)-.15 F 1.38
(changing an e)102 662 R 1.38(xisting table.)-.15 F 1.38(In an)6.38 F 3.88(yc)
-.15 G 1.381(ase, it is critical that you understand what it is that you are)
254.4 662 R .32 LW 76 671.6 72 671.6 DL 80 671.6 76 671.6 DL 84 671.6 80 671.6
DL 88 671.6 84 671.6 DL 92 671.6 88 671.6 DL 96 671.6 92 671.6 DL 100 671.6 96
671.6 DL 104 671.6 100 671.6 DL 108 671.6 104 671.6 DL 112 671.6 108 671.6 DL
116 671.6 112 671.6 DL 120 671.6 116 671.6 DL 124 671.6 120 671.6 DL 128 671.6
124 671.6 DL 132 671.6 128 671.6 DL 136 671.6 132 671.6 DL 140 671.6 136 671.6
DL 144 671.6 140 671.6 DL 148 671.6 144 671.6 DL 152 671.6 148 671.6 DL 156
671.6 152 671.6 DL 160 671.6 156 671.6 DL 164 671.6 160 671.6 DL 168 671.6 164
671.6 DL 172 671.6 168 671.6 DL 176 671.6 172 671.6 DL 180 671.6 176 671.6 DL
184 671.6 180 671.6 DL 188 671.6 184 671.6 DL 192 671.6 188 671.6 DL 196 671.6
192 671.6 DL 200 671.6 196 671.6 DL 204 671.6 200 671.6 DL 208 671.6 204 671.6
DL 212 671.6 208 671.6 DL 216 671.6 212 671.6 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(15)93.6
682 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .129(That is, don')3.2 J 2.129(tc)-.144 G .129
(reate ne)147.283 685.2 R 2.129(wm)-.2 G .129(aps and then use)186.437 685.2 R
/F6 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(mv)2.129 E F5 .129(\(1\) to mo)B .369 -.12(ve t)-.12 H
.129(hem into place.).12 F 2.129(Ic)4.129 G .128(onsider this a shortf)354.472
685.2 R .128(all \(a.k.a. b)-.08 F .128(ug\) in)-.16 F F6(sendmail)2.128 E F5
(which should be \214x)72 694.8 Q(ed in a future release.)-.12 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-42 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .498
(trying to do and come up with a philosoph)102 96 R 2.998(yf)-.05 G .498
(or the con\214guration table.)286.702 96 R .497(This section is intended to)
5.497 F -.15(ex)102 108 S .67
(plain what the real purpose of a con\214guration table is and to gi).15 F .97
-.15(ve y)-.25 H .67(ou some ideas for what your).15 F(philosoph)102 120 Q 2.5
(ym)-.05 G(ight be.)156.68 120 Q F0 1.32(Do not e)127 136.2 R -.1(ve)-.15 G
3.82(nc).1 G(onsider)188.2 136.2 Q F1 1.32(writing your o)3.82 F 1.32
(wn con\214guration \214le without carefully studying RFC)-.25 F
(821, 822, and 1123.)102 148.2 Q -1.1(Yo)5 G 2.5(us)1.1 G
(hould also read RFC 976 if you are doing UUCP e)208.95 148.2 Q(xchange.)-.15 E
F0 2.5(5.2.1. What)102 172.2 R -.25(yo)2.5 G 2.5(ua).25 G .36 -.18(re t)178.7
172.2 T(rying to do).18 E F1 .82
(The con\214guration table has three major purposes.)142 188.4 R .821
(The \214rst and simplest is to set up the)5.821 F(en)117 200.4 Q .35
(vironment for)-.4 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.85 E F1 5.35(.T)C .35
(his in)234.58 200.4 R -.2(vo)-.4 G(lv).2 E .35
(es setting the options, de\214ning a fe)-.15 F 2.85(wc)-.25 G .35
(ritical macros, etc.)429.43 200.4 R(Since these are described in other places\
, we will not go into more detail here.)117 212.4 Q .283
(The second purpose is to re)142 228.6 R .284(write addresses in the message.)
-.25 F .284(This should typically be done)5.284 F .214(in tw)117 240.6 R 2.714
(op)-.1 G 2.713(hases. The)150.108 240.6 R .213
(\214rst phase maps addresses in an)2.713 F 2.713(yf)-.15 G .213
(ormat into a canonical form.)337.182 240.6 R .213(This should)5.213 F .156
(be done in ruleset three.)117 252.6 R .157
(The second phase maps this canonical form into the syntax appropriate)5.156 F
1.998(for the recei)117 264.6 R 1.997(ving mailer)-.25 F(.)-.55 E F2(Sendmail)
6.997 E F1 1.997(does this in three subphases.)4.497 F 1.997
(Rulesets one and tw)6.997 F 4.497(oa)-.1 G(re)496.23 264.6 Q .043
(applied to all sender and recipient addresses respecti)117 276.6 R -.15(ve)
-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.043(.A)-.65 G .043(fter this, you may specify per)357.904
276.6 R(-mailer)-.2 E 2.723
(rulesets for both sender and recipient addresses; this allo)117 288.6 R 2.723
(ws mailer)-.25 F 2.723(-speci\214c customization.)-.2 F(Finally)117 300.6 Q
2.5(,r)-.65 G(uleset four is applied to do an)153.02 300.6 Q 2.5(yd)-.15 G(ef)
283.69 300.6 Q(ault con)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.4 G(rsion to e).15 E(xternal form.)-.15
E .785(The third purpose is to map addresses into the actual set of instructio\
ns necessary to get)142 316.8 R .154(the message deli)117 328.8 R -.15(ve)-.25
G 2.654(red. Ruleset).15 F .154(zero must resolv)2.654 F 2.654(et)-.15 G 2.654
(ot)321.658 328.8 S .153(he internal form, which is in turn used as a)332.092
328.8 R .446(pointer to a mailer descriptor)117 340.8 R 5.446(.T)-.55 G .446
(he mailer descriptor describes the interf)248.38 340.8 R .447
(ace requirements of the)-.1 F(mailer)117 352.8 Q(.)-.55 E F0 2.5
(5.2.2. Philosoph)102 376.8 R(y)-.15 E F1 1.481(The particular philosoph)142
393 R 3.981(yy)-.05 G 1.481(ou choose will depend hea)257.213 393 R 1.481
(vily on the size and structure of)-.2 F .55(your or)117 405 R -.05(ga)-.18 G
3.05(nization. I).05 F .55(will present a fe)3.05 F 3.05(wp)-.25 G .55
(ossible philosophies here.)283.39 405 R .55(There are as man)5.55 F 3.05(yp)
-.15 G(hiloso-)476.22 405 Q
(phies as there are con\214g designers; feel free to de)117 417 Q -.15(ve)-.25
G(lop your o).15 E(wn.)-.25 E .388
(One general point applies to all of these philosophies: it is almost al)142
433.2 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .388(ys a mistak).1 F 2.888(et)-.1 G 2.888(ot)485.002
433.2 S(ry)495.67 433.2 Q .176(to do full host route resolution.)117 445.2 R
-.15(Fo)5.176 G 2.676(re).15 G .176
(xample, if you are on a UUCP-only site and you are trying)267.652 445.2 R
1.223(to get names of the form \231user@host\232 to the Internet, it does not \
pay to route them to \231xyz-)117 457.2 R -.25(va)117 469.2 S(x!decv).25 E
(ax!ucb)-.25 E -.25(va)-.15 G .304
(x!c70!user@host\232 since you then depend on se).25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .305
(ral links not under your con-).15 F .996(trol, some of which are lik)117 481.2
R .996(ely to misparse it an)-.1 F(yw)-.15 E(ay)-.1 E 5.996(.T)-.65 G .996
(he best approach to this problem is to)347.32 481.2 R 1.048(simply forw)117
493.2 R 1.048(ard the message for \231user@host\232 to \231xyzv)-.1 F 1.049
(ax\232 and let xyzv)-.25 F 1.049(ax w)-.25 F 1.049(orry about it from)-.1 F
3.606(there. In)117 505.2 R(summary)3.606 E 3.606(,j)-.65 G 1.106
(ust get the message closer to the destination, rather than determining the)
202.988 505.2 R(full path.)117 517.2 Q F0 2.5(5.2.2.1. Lar)117 541.2 R
(ge site, many hosts \212 minimum inf)-.1 E(ormation)-.25 E F1(Berk)157 557.4 Q
(ele)-.1 E 3.018(yi)-.15 G 3.018(sa)198.648 557.4 S 3.018(ne)209.996 557.4 S
.518(xample of a lar)222.304 557.4 R .518(ge site, i.e., more than tw)-.18 F
3.018(oo)-.1 G 3.018(rt)400.266 557.4 S .519(hree hosts and multiple)409.394
557.4 R .444(mail connections.)132 569.4 R 2.044 -.8(We h)5.444 H -2.25 -.2
(av e).8 H .443(decided that the only reasonable philosoph)3.144 F 2.943(yi)
-.05 G 2.943(no)429.634 569.4 S .443(ur en)442.577 569.4 R(vironment)-.4 E .312
(is to designate one host as the guru for our site.)132 581.4 R .312
(It must be able to resolv)5.312 F 2.812(ea)-.15 G .612 -.15(ny p)438.504 581.4
T .312(iece of mail).15 F 1.083(it recei)132 593.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.583
(s. The).15 F 1.083(other sites should ha)3.583 F 1.383 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.083
(he minimum amount of information the).15 F 3.582(yc)-.15 G 1.082(an get)
478.758 593.4 R -2.3 -.15(aw a)132 605.4 T 2.635(yw).15 G 2.635(ith. In)162.705
605.4 R .135(addition, an)2.635 F 2.635(yi)-.15 G .135(nformation the)249.485
605.4 R 2.635(yd)-.15 G 2.635(oh)321.265 605.4 S -2.25 -.2(av e)333.9 605.4 T
.136(should be hints rather than solid infor)2.835 F(-)-.2 E(mation.)132 617.4
Q -.15(Fo)157 633.6 S 6.71(re).15 G 4.209
(xample, a typical site on our local ether netw)181.74 633.6 R 4.209
(ork is \231monet\232 \(actually)-.1 F(\231monet.CS.Berk)132 645.6 Q(ele)-.1 E
-.65(y.)-.15 G 3.887(EDU\232\). When).65 F 1.387(monet recei)3.887 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G 3.887(sm).15 G 1.387(ail for deli)354.258 645.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15
E 3.887(,i)-.65 G 3.887(tc)424.579 645.6 S 1.387(hecks whether it)435.686 645.6
R(kno)132 657.6 Q 1.342(ws that the destination host is directly reachable; if\
 so, mail is sent to that host.)-.25 F 1.342(If it)6.342 F(recei)132 669.6 Q
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.915(sm).15 G .415(ail for an)175.055 669.6 R 2.915(yu)-.15 G
(nkno)224.75 669.6 Q .415(wn host, it just passes it directly to \231ucb)-.25 F
-.25(va)-.15 G(x.CS.Berk).25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\232,).65 E .178
(our master host.)132 681.6 R(Ucb)5.178 E -.25(va)-.15 G 2.678(xm).25 G .177
(ay determine that the host name is ille)242.852 681.6 R -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.677
(la).05 G .177(nd reject the message,)415.159 681.6 R .754
(or may be able to do deli)132 693.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E 5.754(.H)-.65 G
-.25(ow)268.146 693.6 S -2.15 -.25(ev e).25 H 1.554 -.4(r, i).25 H 3.254(ti).4
G 3.254(si)313.874 693.6 S .754(mportant to note that when a ne)323.798 693.6 R
3.254(wm)-.25 G .754(ail con-)472.976 693.6 R .164
(nection is added, the only host that)132 705.6 R F2(must)2.664 E F1(ha)2.664 E
.464 -.15(ve i)-.2 H .164(ts tables updated is ucb).15 F -.25(va)-.15 G .164
(x; the others).25 F F2(may)2.664 E F1(be)2.664 E(updated if con)132 717.6 Q
-.15(ve)-.4 G(nient, b).15 E(ut this is not critical.)-.2 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-43)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.121
(This picture is slightly muddied due to netw)157 96 R 2.122
(ork connections that are not actually)-.1 F 2.362(located on ucb)132 108 R
-.25(va)-.15 G 4.862(x. F).25 F 2.362(or e)-.15 F 2.362
(xample, some UUCP connections are currently on \231ucbarpa.)-.15 F<9a>-.7 E
(Ho)132 120 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.044 -.4(r, m).15 H(onet).4 E/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF .244(does not)2.744 F F1(kno)2.744 E 2.744(wa)-.25 G .245
(bout this; the information is hidden totally between ucb)266.34 120 R -.25(va)
-.15 G(x).25 E 1.045(and ucbarpa.)132 132 R 1.045
(Mail going from monet to a UUCP host is transferred via the ethernet from)
6.045 F 1.43(monet to ucb)132 144 R -.25(va)-.15 G 1.43
(x, then via the ethernet from ucb).25 F -.25(va)-.15 G 3.931(xt).25 G 3.931
(ou)355.704 144 S 1.431(cbarpa, and then is submitted to)369.635 144 R(UUCP)132
156 Q 5(.A)-1.11 G(lthough this in)172.28 156 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G(lv).2 E(es some e)
-.15 E(xtra hops, we feel this is an acceptable tradeof)-.15 E(f.)-.25 E .826
(An interesting point is that it w)157 172.2 R .826
(ould be possible to update monet to send appropriate)-.1 F .127
(UUCP mail directly to ucbarpa if the load got too high; if monet f)132 184.2 R
.127(ailed to note a host as con-)-.1 F .353(nected to ucbarpa it w)132 196.2 R
.353(ould go via ucb)-.1 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.853(xa).25 G 2.852(sb)305.954 196.2
S .352(efore, and if monet incorrectly sent a message)317.696 196.2 R .395
(to ucbarpa it w)132 208.2 R .396(ould still be sent by ucbarpa to ucb)-.1 F
-.25(va)-.15 G 2.896(xa).25 G 2.896(sb)356.654 208.2 S 2.896(efore. The)368.44
208.2 R .396(only problem that can)2.896 F .901(occur is loops, for e)132 220.2
R .901(xample, if ucbarpa thought that ucb)-.15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 3.401(xh).25 G
.9(ad the UUCP connection and)383.75 220.2 R(vice v)132 232.2 Q 2.5(ersa. F)
-.15 F(or this reason, updates should)-.15 E F2(always)2.5 E F1
(happen to the master host \214rst.)2.5 E .144(This philosoph)157 248.4 R 2.644
(yr)-.05 G .145(esults as much from the need to ha)227.798 248.4 R .445 -.15
(ve a s)-.2 H .145(ingle source for the con\214gu-).15 F .289
(ration \214les \(typically b)132 260.4 R .289(uilt using)-.2 F F2(m4)2.789 E
F1 .289(\(1\) or some similar tool\) as an)1.666 F 2.789(yl)-.15 G .288
(ogical need.)410.664 260.4 R(Maintain-)5.288 E
(ing more than three separate tables by hand is essentially an impossible job)
132 272.4 Q(.)-.4 E F0 2.5(5.2.2.2. Small)117 296.4 R(site \212 complete inf)
2.5 E(ormation)-.25 E F1 3.356(As)157 312.6 S .856(mall site \(tw)171.466 312.6
R 3.356(oo)-.1 G 3.356(rt)236.434 312.6 S .856(hree hosts and fe)245.9 312.6 R
3.356(we)-.25 G .856(xternal connections\) may \214nd it more rea-)330.564
312.6 R .435(sonable to ha)132 324.6 R .735 -.15(ve c)-.2 H .435
(omplete information at each host.).15 F .435(This w)5.435 F .435
(ould require that each host kno)-.1 F(w)-.25 E -.15(ex)132 336.6 S .185
(actly where each netw).15 F .185
(ork connection is, possibly including the names of each host on that)-.1 F
(netw)132 348.6 Q 3.465(ork. As)-.1 F .965
(long as the site remains small and the con\214guration remains relati)3.465 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G .964(ly static,).15 F
(the update problem will probably not be too great.)132 360.6 Q F0 2.5
(5.2.2.3. Single)117 384.6 R(host)2.5 E F1 .117(This is in some sense the tri)
157 400.8 R .117(vial case.)-.25 F .117
(The only major issue is trying to insure that you)5.117 F(don')132 412.8 Q
3.425(th)-.18 G -2.25 -.2(av e)161.355 412.8 T .925(to kno)3.625 F 3.425(wt)
-.25 G .925(oo much about your en)217.69 412.8 R 3.425(vironment. F)-.4 F .925
(or e)-.15 F .924(xample, if you ha)-.15 F 1.224 -.15(ve a U)-.2 H(UCP).15 E
.614(connection you might \214nd it useful to kno)132 424.8 R 3.115(wa)-.25 G
.615(bout the names of hosts connected directly to)318.885 424.8 R(you, b)132
436.8 Q
(ut this is really not necessary since this may be determined from the syntax.)
-.2 E F0 2.5(5.2.2.4. A)117 460.8 R(completely differ)2.5 E(ent philosoph)-.18
E(y)-.15 E F1(This is adapted from Bruce Lilly)157 477 Q 5(.A)-.65 G .3 -.15
(ny e)301.89 477 T(rrors in interpretation are mine.).15 E .065
(Do minimal changes in ruleset 3: \214x some common b)157 493.2 R .064
(ut unambiguous errors \(e.g. trail-)-.2 F 2.758
(ing dot on domains\) and hide bang paths foo!bar into bar@foo.UUCP)132 505.2 R
7.759(.T)-1.11 G 2.759(he resulting)454.301 505.2 R("canonical" form is an)132
517.2 Q 2.5(yv)-.15 G(alid RFC822/RFC1123/RFC976 address.)233.63 517.2 Q 1.388
(Ruleset 0 does the b)157 533.4 R 1.387(ulk of the w)-.2 F 3.887(ork. It)-.1 F
(remo)3.887 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.887(st).15 G 1.387
(he trailing "@.UUCP" that hides)367.472 533.4 R .66(bang paths, strips an)132
545.4 R .661(ything not needed to resolv)-.15 F .661
(e, e.g. the phrase from phrase <route-addr>)-.15 F .497
(and from named groups, rejects unparseable addresses using $#error)132 557.4 R
2.996(,a)-.4 G .496(nd \214nally resolv)419.052 557.4 R .496(es to)-.15 F 4.324
(am)132 569.4 S 1.824(ailer/host/user triple.)148.544 569.4 R 1.824
(Ruleset 0 is rather length)6.824 F 4.325(ya)-.05 G 4.325(si)360.965 569.4 S
4.325(th)371.96 569.4 S 1.825(as to handle 3 basic address)384.065 569.4 R
5.373(forms: RFC976 bang paths, RFC1123 %-hacks \(including v)132 581.4 R 5.373
(anilla RFC822 local-)-.25 F .136(part@domain\), and RFC822 source routes.)132
593.4 R(It')5.137 E 2.637(sa)-.55 G .137(lso complicated by ha)329.508 593.4 R
.137(ving to handle named)-.2 F(lists.)132 605.4 Q .617(The header re)157 621.6
R .616(writing rulesets 1 and 2 remo)-.25 F .916 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .616
(he trailing "@.UUCP" that hides bang).15 F 2.5(paths. Ruleset)132 633.6 R 2.5
(2a)2.5 G(lso strips the $# mailer $@ host \(for test mode\).)205.05 633.6 Q
(Ruleset 4 does absolutely nothing.)157 649.8 Q 1.316(The per)157 666 R 1.316
(-mailer re)-.2 F 1.316(writing rulesets conform the en)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G
1.317(lope and header addresses to the).15 F
(requirements of the speci\214c mailer)132 678 Q(.)-.55 E
(Lots of rulesets-as-subroutines are used.)157 694.2 Q .35(As a result, header\
 addresses are subject to minimal munging \(per RFC1123\), and the)157 710.4 R
(general plan is per RFC822 sect. 3.4.10.)132 722.4 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-44 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(5.2.3. Rele)102 96 R -.1(va)-.15 G
(nt issues).1 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .584(The canonical form you use should \
almost certainly be as speci\214ed in the Internet proto-)142 112.2 R 2.604
(cols RFC819 and RFC822.)117 124.2 R 2.604(Copies of these RFC')7.604 F 5.104
(sa)-.55 G 2.603(re included on the)347.852 124.2 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
(sendmail)5.103 E F1 2.603(tape as)5.103 F F2(doc/rfc819.lpr)117 136.2 Q F1
(and)2.5 E F2(doc/rfc822.lpr)2.5 E F1(.)A 2.04
(RFC822 describes the format of the mail message itself.)142 152.4 R F2
(Sendmail)7.04 E F1(follo)4.54 E 2.04(ws this RFC)-.25 F(closely)117 164.4 Q
2.984(,t)-.65 G 2.984(ot)152.944 164.4 S .483(he e)163.708 164.4 R .483
(xtent that man)-.15 F 2.983(yo)-.15 G 2.983(ft)251.44 164.4 S .483
(he standards described in this document can not be changed)260.533 164.4 R
(without changing the code.)117 176.4 Q(In particular)5 E 2.5(,t)-.4 G
(he follo)286.85 176.4 Q(wing characters ha)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H
(pecial interpretations:).15 E 2.5(<>\(\)"\\)157 192.6 S(An)117 208.8 Q 3.036
(ya)-.15 G .537(ttempt to use these characters for other than their RFC822 pur\
pose in addresses is proba-)141.546 208.8 R(bly doomed to disaster)117 220.8 Q
(.)-.55 E 1.327
(RFC819 describes the speci\214cs of the domain-based addressing.)142 237 R
1.326(This is touched on in)6.327 F 1.439(RFC822 as well.)117 249 R 1.439
(Essentially each host is gi)6.439 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.939(nan).15 G 1.44
(ame which is a right-to-left dot quali\214ed)333.711 249 R .232
(pseudo-path from a distinguished root.)117 261 R .232
(The elements of the path need not be ph)5.232 F .232(ysical hosts; the)-.05 F
2.365(domain is logical rather than ph)117 273 R 4.866(ysical. F)-.05 F 2.366
(or e)-.15 F 2.366(xample, at Berk)-.15 F(ele)-.1 E 4.866(yo)-.15 G 2.366
(ne le)406.406 273 R -.05(ga)-.15 G 4.866(lh).05 G 2.366(ost might be)449.818
273 R(\231a.CC.Berk)117 285 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G .366
(EDU\232; reading from right to left, \231EDU\232 is a top le).65 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G 2.865(ld).15 G .365(omain comprising edu-)410.5 285 R .561
(cational institutions, \231Berk)117 297 R(ele)-.1 E .562
(y\232 is a logical domain name, \231CC\232 represents the Computer Cen-)-.15 F
(ter)117 309 Q 2.5(,\()-.4 G(in this case a strictly logical entity\), and \
\231a\232 is a host in the Computer Center)135.48 309 Q(.)-.55 E(Be)142 325.2 Q
-.1(wa)-.25 G(re when reading RFC819 that there are a number of errors in it.)
.1 E F0 2.5(5.2.4. Ho)102 349.2 R 2.5(wt)-.1 G 2.5(op)155.23 349.2 S -.18(ro)
168.29 349.2 S(ceed).18 E F1 .335(Once you ha)142 365.4 R .635 -.15(ve d)-.2 H
.335(ecided on a philosoph).15 F 1.635 -.65(y, i)-.05 H 2.835(ti).65 G 2.834
(sw)319.44 365.4 S .334(orth e)333.284 365.4 R .334(xamining the a)-.15 F -.25
(va)-.2 G .334(ilable con\214guration).25 F .174(tables to decide if an)117
377.4 R 2.674(yo)-.15 G 2.674(ft)212.98 377.4 S .174
(hem are close enough to steal major parts of.)221.764 377.4 R(Ev)5.174 E .175
(en under the w)-.15 F .175(orst of)-.1 F(conditions, there is a f)117 389.4 Q
(air amount of boiler plate that can be collected safely)-.1 E(.)-.65 E .33
(The ne)142 405.6 R .33(xt step is to b)-.15 F .33(uild ruleset three.)-.2 F
.329(This will be the hardest part of the job)5.33 F 5.329(.B)-.4 G -2.1 -.25
(ew a)469.321 405.6 T .329(re of).25 F .781
(doing too much to the address in this ruleset, since an)117 417.6 R .781
(ything you do will re\215ect through to the)-.15 F 2.744(message. In)117 429.6
R(particular)2.744 E 2.744(,s)-.4 G .243
(tripping of local domains is best deferred, since this can lea)216.752 429.6 R
.543 -.15(ve y)-.2 H .243(ou with).15 F 1.234
(addresses with no domain spec at all.)117 441.6 R(Since)6.235 E F2(sendmail)
3.735 E F1(lik)3.735 E 1.235(es to append the sending domain to)-.1 F .83
(addresses with no domain, this can change the semantics of addresses.)117
453.6 R .83(Also try to a)5.83 F -.2(vo)-.2 G .83(id fully).2 F .342
(qualifying domains in this ruleset.)117 465.6 R .342(Although technically le)
5.342 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .343(l, this can lead to unpleasantly and).05 F 1.287
(unnecessarily long addresses re\215ected into messages.)117 477.6 R 1.287
(The Berk)6.287 F(ele)-.1 E 3.787(yc)-.15 G 1.287
(on\214guration \214les de\214ne)406.426 477.6 R .093
(ruleset nine to qualify domain names and strip local domains.)117 489.6 R .093
(This is called from ruleset zero to)5.093 F
(get all addresses into a cleaner form.)117 501.6 Q .318(Once you ha)142 517.8
R .618 -.15(ve r)-.2 H .318
(uleset three \214nished, the other rulesets should be relati).15 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G .318(ly tri).15 F 2.817(vial. If)-.25 F(you)2.817 E(need hints, e)117
529.8 Q(xamine the supplied con\214guration tables.)-.15 E F0 2.5(5.2.5. T)102
553.8 R(esting the r)-.92 E(ewriting rules \212 the \255bt \215ag)-.18 E F1
1.075(When you b)142 570 R 1.075(uild a con\214guration table, you can do a ce\
rtain amount of testing using the)-.2 F(\231test mode\232 of)117 582 Q F2
(sendmail)2.5 E F1 5(.F)C(or e)226.84 582 Q(xample, you could in)-.15 E -.2(vo)
-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G F2(sendmail)2.6 E F1(as:)2.5 E(sendmail \255bt \255Ctest.cf)
157 598.2 Q .904(which w)117 614.4 R .903
(ould read the con\214guration \214le \231test.cf\232 and enter test mode.)-.1
F .903(In this mode, you enter)5.903 F(lines of the form:)117 626.4 Q
(rwset address)157 642.6 Q(where)117 658.8 Q F2(rwset)3.376 E F1 .876
(is the re)3.376 F .876(writing set you w)-.25 F .876(ant to use and)-.1 F F2
(addr)3.376 E(ess)-.37 E F1 .877(is an address to apply the set to.)3.376 F -.7
(Te)117 670.8 S .17(st mode sho).7 F .17(ws you the steps it tak)-.25 F .169
(es as it proceeds, \214nally sho)-.1 F .169(wing you the address it ends up)
-.25 F 3.635(with. Y)117 682.8 R 1.135(ou may use a comma separated list of rw\
sets for sequential application of rules to an)-1.1 F 2.5(input. F)117 694.8 R
(or e)-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E(3,1,21,4 monet:bollard)157 711 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-45)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .386
(\214rst applies ruleset three to the input \231monet:bollard.)117 96 R 5.385
<9a52>-.7 G .385(uleset one is then applied to the output)347.145 96 R
(of ruleset three, follo)117 108 Q
(wed similarly by rulesets twenty-one and four)-.25 E(.)-.55 E .202(If you nee\
d more detail, you can also use the \231\255d21\232 \215ag to turn on more deb)
142 124.2 R 2.702(ugging. F)-.2 F(or)-.15 E -.15(ex)117 136.2 S(ample,).15 E
(sendmail \255bt \255d21.99)157 152.4 Q .754
(turns on an incredible amount of information; a single w)117 168.6 R .753
(ord address is probably going to print)-.1 F(out se)117 180.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ral pages w).15 E(orth of information.)-.1 E -1.1(Yo)142 196.8 S 3.234(us)1.1
G .734(hould be w)165.244 196.8 R .734(arned that internally)-.1 F(,)-.65 E/F2
10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.234 E F1 .734
(applies ruleset 3 to all addresses.)3.234 F .735(In this)5.735 F -.15(ve)117
208.8 S 1.23(rsion of).15 F F2(sendmail)3.73 E F1 3.73(,y)C 1.23(ou will ha)
209.42 208.8 R 1.53 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 3.73(od).15 G 3.73(ot)281.21 208.8 S 1.23
(hat manually)292.72 208.8 R 6.23(.F)-.65 G 1.23(or e)359.38 208.8 R 1.23
(xample, older v)-.15 F 1.23(ersions allo)-.15 F(wed)-.25 E(you to use)117
220.8 Q 2.5(0b)157 237 S(ruce@broadcast.son)169.5 237 Q -.65(y.)-.15 G(com).65
E(This v)117 253.2 Q(ersion requires that you use:)-.15 E
(3,0 bruce@broadcast.son)157 269.4 Q -.65(y.)-.15 G(com).65 E F0 2.5
(5.2.6. Building)102 297.6 R(mailer descriptions)2.5 E F1 1.886 -.8(To a)142
313.8 T .287(dd an outgoing mailer to your mail system, you will ha).8 F .587
-.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.787(od).15 G .287(e\214ne the characteristics)409.566 313.8 R
(of the mailer)117 325.8 Q(.)-.55 E 1.481(Each mailer must ha)142 342 R 1.781
-.15(ve a)-.2 H 3.981(ni).15 G 1.481(nternal name.)257.645 342 R 1.481
(This can be arbitrary)6.481 F 3.98(,e)-.65 G 1.48(xcept that the names)417.63
342 R(\231local\232 and \231prog\232 must be de\214ned.)117 354 Q .127
(The pathname of the mailer must be gi)142 370.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.628(ni).15
G 2.628(nt)317.038 370.2 S .128(he P \214eld.)327.446 370.2 R .128
(If this mailer should be accessed)5.128 F
(via an IPC connection, use the string \231[IPC]\232 instead.)117 382.2 Q .021
(The F \214eld de\214nes the mailer \215ags.)142 398.4 R -1.1(Yo)5.021 G 2.521
(us)1.1 G .021(hould specify an \231f\232 or \231r\232 \215ag to pass the name)
311.06 398.4 R .465(of the sender as a)117 410.4 R F0<ad66>2.965 E F1(or)2.965
E F0<ad72>2.965 E F1 .465(\215ag respecti)2.965 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.465
(.T)-.65 G .465(hese \215ags are only passed if the)306.95 410.4 R 2.966(yw)
-.15 G .466(ere passed to)451.418 410.4 R F2(sendmail)117 422.4 Q F1 4.205(,s)C
4.205(ot)163.705 422.4 S 1.705(hat mailers that gi)175.69 422.4 R 2.005 -.15
(ve e)-.25 H 1.705(rrors under some circumstances can be placated.).15 F 1.705
(If the)6.705 F 1.362(mailer is not pick)117 434.4 R 3.862(yy)-.15 G 1.362
(ou can just specify \231\255f $g\232 in the ar)204.518 434.4 R 1.362
(gv template.)-.18 F 1.363(If the mailer must be)6.362 F 1.708(called as)117
446.4 R F0 -.18(ro)4.207 G(ot).18 E F1 1.707(the \231S\232 \215ag should be gi)
4.207 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.707
(n; this will not reset the userid before calling the).15 F(mailer)117 460.4 Q
/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(16)142.55 456.4 Q F1 5.112(.I)149.55 460.4 S 2.612(ft)
160.492 460.4 S .112(his mailer is local \(i.e., will perform \214nal deli)
169.214 460.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .112(ry rather than another netw).15 F .112
(ork hop\))-.1 F .728(the \231l\232 \215ag should be gi)117 472.4 R -.15(ve)
-.25 G 3.227(n. Quote).15 F .727
(characters \(backslashes and " marks\) can be stripped from)3.227 F .268
(addresses if the \231s\232 \215ag is speci\214ed; if this is not gi)117 484.4
R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.769(nt).15 G(he)344.247 484.4 Q 2.769(ya)-.15 G .269
(re passed through.)365.746 484.4 R .269(If the mailer is)5.269 F .67(capable \
of sending to more than one user on the same host in a single transaction the \
\231m\232 \215ag)117 496.4 R 1.176(should be stated.)117 508.4 R 1.176
(If this \215ag is on, then the ar)6.176 F 1.177(gv template containing)-.18 F
F0($u)3.677 E F1 1.177(will be repeated for)3.677 F .089
(each unique user on a gi)117 520.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.589(nh).15 G 2.589
(ost. The)235.994 520.4 R .089
(\231e\232 \215ag will mark the mailer as being \231e)2.589 F(xpensi)-.15 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G 1.488 -.7(,\232 w).15 H(hich).7 E(will cause)117 534.4 Q F2
(sendmail)2.5 E F1(to defer connection until a queue run)2.5 E F3(17)345.57
530.4 Q F1(.)352.57 534.4 Q 2.037(An unusual case is the \231C\232 \215ag.)142
550.6 R 2.037(This \215ag applies to the mailer that the message is)7.037 F
(recei)117 562.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.654(df).15 G .153(rom, rather than the mai\
ler being sent to; if set, the domain spec of the sender \(i.e., the)156.454
562.6 R 1.519(\231@host.domain\232 part\) is sa)117 574.6 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 4.019
(da).15 G 1.519(nd is appended to an)252.746 574.6 R 4.019(ya)-.15 G 1.52
(ddresses in the message that do not)354.341 574.6 R
(already contain a domain spec.)117 586.6 Q -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G
(xample, a message of the form:)266.11 586.6 Q(From: eric@v)157 602.8 Q
(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E -.8(To)157 614.8 S
2.5(:w).8 G(nj@monet.CS.Berk)179.81 614.8 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G
(EDU, mckusick).65 E(will be modi\214ed to:)117 631 Q .32 LW 76 665.2 72 665.2
DL 80 665.2 76 665.2 DL 84 665.2 80 665.2 DL 88 665.2 84 665.2 DL 92 665.2 88
665.2 DL 96 665.2 92 665.2 DL 100 665.2 96 665.2 DL 104 665.2 100 665.2 DL 108
665.2 104 665.2 DL 112 665.2 108 665.2 DL 116 665.2 112 665.2 DL 120 665.2 116
665.2 DL 124 665.2 120 665.2 DL 128 665.2 124 665.2 DL 132 665.2 128 665.2 DL
136 665.2 132 665.2 DL 140 665.2 136 665.2 DL 144 665.2 140 665.2 DL 148 665.2
144 665.2 DL 152 665.2 148 665.2 DL 156 665.2 152 665.2 DL 160 665.2 156 665.2
DL 164 665.2 160 665.2 DL 168 665.2 164 665.2 DL 172 665.2 168 665.2 DL 176
665.2 172 665.2 DL 180 665.2 176 665.2 DL 184 665.2 180 665.2 DL 188 665.2 184
665.2 DL 192 665.2 188 665.2 DL 196 665.2 192 665.2 DL 200 665.2 196 665.2 DL
204 665.2 200 665.2 DL 208 665.2 204 665.2 DL 212 665.2 208 665.2 DL 216 665.2
212 665.2 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(16)93.6 675.6 Q/F5 8/Times-Italic@0 SF
(Sendmail)3.2 I/F6 8/Times-Roman@0 SF
(must be running setuid to root for this to w)2 E(ork.)-.08 E F4(17)93.6 689.2
Q F6(The \231c\232 con\214guration option must be gi)3.2 I -.12(ve)-.2 G 2(nf)
.12 G(or this to be ef)242.04 692.4 Q(fecti)-.2 E -.12(ve)-.2 G(.).12 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-46 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(From: eric@v)157
96 Q(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E -.8(To)157 108 S
2.5(:w).8 G(nj@monet.CS.Berk)179.81 108 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G
(EDU, mckusick@v).65 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E
/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF 6.608(if and only if)117 124.2 R F1 6.607
(the \231C\232 \215ag is de\214ned in the mailer resolv)9.108 F 6.607
(ed to by running)-.15 F(\231eric@v)117 136.2 Q(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E
-.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\232 through rulesets 3 and 0.).65 E
(Other \215ags are described in Appendix C.)142 152.4 Q .538
(The S and R \214elds in the mailer description are per)142 168.6 R .538
(-mailer re)-.2 F .538(writing sets to be applied to)-.25 F 2.253
(sender and recipient addresses respecti)117 180.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E
7.253(.T)-.65 G 2.252(hese are applied after the sending domain is)312.995
180.6 R .546(appended and the general re)117 192.6 R .547
(writing sets \(numbers one and tw)-.25 F .547(o\) are applied, b)-.1 F .547
(ut before the out-)-.2 F .458(put re)117 204.6 R .458
(write \(ruleset four\) is applied.)-.25 F 2.958(At)5.458 G .457
(ypical use is to append the current domain to addresses)279.646 204.6 R
(that do not already ha)117 216.6 Q .3 -.15(ve a d)-.2 H 2.5(omain. F).15 F
(or e)-.15 E(xample, a header of the form:)-.15 E(From: eric)157 232.8 Q
(might be changed to be:)117 249 Q(From: eric@v)157 265.2 Q(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25
E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(or)117 281.4 Q(From: ucb)157 297.6 Q -.25
(va)-.15 G(x!eric).25 E .186(depending on the domain it is being shipped into.)
117 313.8 R .186(These sets can also be used to do special pur)5.186 F(-)-.2 E
(pose output re)117 325.8 Q(writing in cooperation with ruleset four)-.25 E(.)
-.55 E .026(The S and R \214elds can be speci\214ed as tw)142 342 R 2.526(on)
-.1 G .025(umbers separated by a slash \(e.g., \231S=10/11\232\),)318.25 342 R
2.915(meaning that all en)117 354 R -.15(ve)-.4 G 2.915
(lope addresses will be processed through ruleset 10 and all header).15 F .403
(addresses will be processed through ruleset 11.)117 366 R -.4(Wi)5.402 G .402
(th only one number speci\214ed, both en).4 F -.15(ve)-.4 G(lope).15 E
(and header re)117 378 Q(writing sets are set to the indicated ruleset.)-.25 E
.228(The E \214eld de\214nes the string to use as an end-of-line indication.)
142 394.2 R 2.728(As)5.228 G .228(tring containing only)419.654 394.2 R(ne)117
406.2 Q(wline is the def)-.25 E 2.5(ault. The)-.1 F
(usual backslash escapes \(\\r)2.5 E 2.5(,\\)-.4 G(n, \\f, \\b\) may be used.)
342.87 406.2 Q(Finally)142 422.4 Q 2.584(,a)-.65 G 2.584(na)179.214 422.4 S
-.18(rg)191.238 422.4 S 2.584(vt).18 G .084(emplate is gi)209.752 422.4 R -.15
(ve)-.25 G 2.584(na).15 G 2.584(st)282.094 422.4 S .084(he A \214eld.)291.348
422.4 R .083(It may ha)5.083 F .383 -.15(ve e)-.2 H .083(mbedded spaces.).15 F
.083(If there is)5.083 F .203(no ar)117 434.4 R .203(gv with a)-.18 F F0($u)
2.703 E F1 .203(macro in it,)2.703 F F2(sendmail)2.704 E F1 .204
(will speak SMTP to the mailer)2.704 F 5.204(.I)-.55 G 2.704(ft)412.644 434.4 S
.204(he pathname for this)421.458 434.4 R(mailer is \231[IPC],)117 446.4 Q 2.5
<9a74>-.7 G(he ar)192.4 446.4 Q(gv should be)-.18 E(IPC $h [)157 462.6 Q F2
(port)2.5 E F1(])2.5 E(where)117 478.8 Q F2(port)2.5 E F1
(is the optional port number to connect to.)2.5 E -.15(Fo)142 495 S 2.5(re).15
G(xample, the speci\214cations:)162.53 495 Q(Mlocal, P=/bin/mail, F=rlsm)157
511.2 Q(S=10, R=20, A=mail \255d $u)5 E(Mether)157 523.2 Q 2.35(,P)-.4 G 13.9
(=[IPC], F=meC,)195.89 523.2 R(S=11, R=21, A=IPC $h, M=100000)1.39 E 1.644
(speci\214es a mailer to do local deli)117 539.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.644
(ry and a mailer for ethernet deli).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E 6.643(.T)-.65
G 1.643(he \214rst is called)436.021 539.4 R(\231local,)117 551.4 Q 2.648<9a69>
-.7 G 2.648(sl)152.548 551.4 S .148(ocated in the \214le \231/bin/mail,)161.866
551.4 R 2.649<9a74>-.7 G(ak)283.569 551.4 Q .149(es a pick)-.1 F(y)-.15 E F0
<ad72>2.649 E F1 .149(\215ag, does local deli)2.649 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E
2.649(,q)-.65 G .149(uotes should)453.571 551.4 R 1.017
(be stripped from addresses, and multiple users can be deli)117 563.4 R -.15
(ve)-.25 G 1.016(red at once; ruleset ten should be).15 F 1.417(applied to sen\
der addresses in the message and ruleset twenty should be applied to recipient)
117 575.4 R .123(addresses; the ar)117 587.4 R .123
(gv to send to a message will be the w)-.18 F .123(ord \231mail,)-.1 F 2.623
<9a74>-.7 G .123(he w)383.129 587.4 R .122(ord \231\255d,)-.1 F 2.622<9a61>-.7
G .122(nd w)446.646 587.4 R .122(ords con-)-.1 F 1.484
(taining the name of the recei)117 599.4 R 1.484(ving user)-.25 F 6.484(.I)-.55
G 3.984(fa)288.496 599.4 S F0<ad72>A F1 1.484
(\215ag is inserted it will be between the w)3.984 F(ords)-.1 E .289
(\231mail\232 and \231\255d.)117 611.4 R 5.289<9a54>-.7 G .289
(he second mailer is called \231ether)196.397 611.4 R 1.689 -.7(,\232 i)-.4 H
2.789(ts).7 G .289(hould be connected to via an IPC con-)348.95 611.4 R .932(n\
ection, it can handle multiple users at once, connections should be deferred, \
and an)117 623.4 R 3.433(yd)-.15 G(omain)479 623.4 Q 1.458
(from the sender address should be appended to an)117 635.4 R 3.958(yr)-.15 G
(ecei)340.202 635.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.958(rn).15 G 1.458
(ame without a domain; sender)377.63 635.4 R .74
(addresses should be processed by ruleset ele)117 647.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.24
(na).15 G .74(nd recipient addresses by ruleset twenty-one.)320.34 647.4 R
(There is a 100,000 byte limit on messages passed through this mailer)117 659.4
Q(.)-.55 E F0 2.5(5.3. The)87 683.4 R(User Database)2.5 E F1 .109(If you ha)127
699.6 R .409 -.15(ve a ve)-.2 H .109(rsion of).15 F F2(sendmail)2.609 E F1 .109
(with the user database package compiled in, the handling of)2.609 F
(sender and recipient addresses is modi\214ed.)102 711.6 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-47)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(The location of this database is controlled with the)127 96 Q F0(U)2.5 E F1
(option.)2.5 E F0 2.5(5.3.1. Structur)102 120 R 2.5(eo)-.18 G 2.5(ft)177.92 120
S(he user database)187.08 120 Q F1(The database is a sorted \(BT)142 136.2 Q
(ree-based\) structure.)-.35 E(User records are stored with the k)5 E -.15(ey)
-.1 G(:).15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(user)157 152.4 Q(-name)-.2 E F0(:)A F2
(\214eld-name)A F1 .128
(The sorted database format ensures that user records are clustered together)
117 168.6 R 5.129(.M)-.55 G .129(eta-information is)432.491 168.6 R(al)117
180.6 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys stored with a leading colon.).1 E
(Field names de\214ne both the syntax and semantics of the v)142 196.8 Q 2.5
(alue. De\214ned)-.25 F(\214elds include:)2.5 E 33.39(maildrop The)117 213 R
(deli)4.873 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.373(ry address for this user).15 F 7.373(.T)-.55
G 2.372(here may be multiple v)349.478 213 R 2.372(alues of this)-.25 F 2.675
(record. In)189 225 R(particular)2.675 E 2.675(,m)-.4 G .175
(ailing lists will ha)284.095 225 R .475 -.15(ve o)-.2 H(ne).15 E F2(maildr)
2.675 E(op)-.45 E F1 .175(record for each user)2.675 F(on the list.)189 237 Q
30.06(mailname The)117 253.2 R 1.027(outgoing mailname for this user)3.527 F
6.026(.F)-.55 G 1.026(or each outgoing name, there should)353.34 253.2 R .08
(be an appropriate)189 265.2 R F2(maildr)2.58 E(op)-.45 E F1 .08
(record for that name to allo)2.58 F 2.58(wr)-.25 G .08(eturn mail.)422.38
265.2 R .08(See also)5.08 F F2(:default:mailname)189 277.2 Q F1(.)A 25.62
(mailsender Changes)117 293.4 R(an)3.448 E 3.448(ym)-.15 G .948
(ail sent to this address to ha)252.406 293.4 R 1.247 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .947
(he indicated en).15 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .947(lope sender).15 F(.)-.55 E .498(This\
 is intended for mailing lists, and will normally be the name of an appro-)189
305.4 R .755(priate -request address.)189 317.4 R .755(It is v)5.755 F .755
(ery similar to the o)-.15 F(wner)-.25 E(-)-.2 E F2(list)A F1 .754
(syntax in the alias)3.254 F(\214le.)189 329.4 Q 33.95(fullname The)117 345.6 R
(full name of the user)2.5 E(.)-.55 E(of)117 361.8 Q 13.66(\214ce-address The)
-.25 F(of)2.5 E(\214ce address for this user)-.25 E(.)-.55 E(of)117 378 Q 19.21
(\214ce-phone The)-.25 F(of)2.5 E(\214ce phone number for this user)-.25 E(.)
-.55 E(of)117 394.2 Q(\214ce-f)-.25 E 30.98(ax The)-.1 F(of)2.5 E(\214ce F)-.25
E(AX number for this user)-.74 E(.)-.55 E 13.96(home-address The)117 410.4 R
(home address for this user)2.5 E(.)-.55 E 19.51(home-phone The)117 426.6 R
(home phone number for this user)2.5 E(.)-.55 E(home-f)117 442.8 Q 31.28
(ax The)-.1 F(home F)2.5 E(AX number for this user)-.74 E(.)-.55 E 41.73
(project A)117 459 R .855
(\(short\) description of the project this person is af)3.355 F .856
(\214liated with.)-.25 F .856(In the Uni-)5.856 F -.15(ve)189 471 S
(rsity this is often just the name of their graduate advisor).15 E(.)-.55 E
52.28(plan A)117 487.2 R
(pointer to a \214le from which plan information can be g)2.5 E(athered.)-.05 E
.925(As of this writing, only a fe)142 503.4 R 3.424(wo)-.25 G 3.424(ft)273.214
503.4 S .924(hese \214elds are actually being used by)282.748 503.4 R F2
(sendmail)3.424 E F1(:)A F2(mail-)3.424 E(dr)117 515.4 Q(op)-.45 E F1(and)2.5 E
F2(mailname)2.5 E F1 5(.A)C F2(\214ng)211.54 515.4 Q(er)-.1 E F1
(program that uses the other \214elds is planned.)2.5 E F0 2.5(5.3.2. User)102
539.4 R(database semantics)2.5 E F1 .995(When the re)142 555.6 R .995
(writing rules submit an address to the local mailer)-.25 F 3.496(,t)-.4 G .996
(he user name is passed)408.926 555.6 R .781(through the alias \214le.)117
567.6 R .78
(If no alias is found \(or if the alias points back to the same address\), the)
5.781 F 1.777(name \(with \231:maildrop\232 appended\) is then used as a k)117
579.6 R 2.078 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 4.278(nt).15 G 1.778(he user database.)375.98
579.6 R 1.778(If no match)6.778 F
(occurs \(or if the maildrop points at the same address\), forw)117 591.6 Q
(arding is tried.)-.1 E .551(If the \214rst tok)142 607.8 R .55(en of the user\
 name returned by ruleset 0 is an \231@\232 sign, the user database)-.1 F .625
(lookup is skipped.)117 619.8 R .625
(The intent is that the user database will act as a set of def)5.625 F .626
(aults for a cluster)-.1 F 1.533(\(in our case, the Computer Science Di)117
631.8 R 1.533(vision\); mail sent to a speci\214c machine should ignore)-.25 F
(these def)117 643.8 Q(aults.)-.1 E .351
(When mail is sent, the name of the sending user is look)142 660 R .351
(ed up in the database.)-.1 F .352(If that user)5.351 F .041
(has a \231mailname\232 record, the v)117 672 R .041
(alue of that record is used as their outgoing name.)-.25 F -.15(Fo)5.04 G 2.54
(re).15 G .04(xample, I)466.19 672 R(might ha)117 684 Q .3 -.15(ve a r)-.2 H
(ecord:).15 E 25.94(eric:mailname Eric.Allman@CS.Berk)157 700.2 R(ele)-.1 E
-.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(This w)117 716.4 Q
(ould cause my outgoing mail to be sent as Eric.Allman.)-.1 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-48 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .519
(If a \231maildrop\232 is found for the user)142 96 R 3.019(,b)-.4 G .52
(ut no corresponding \231mailname\232 record e)299.682 96 R .52(xists, the)-.15
F 1.128(record \231:def)117 108 R 1.128(ault:mailname\232 is consulted.)-.1 F
1.127(If present, this is the name of a host to o)6.128 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.127
(rride the).15 F .625(local host.)117 120 R -.15(Fo)5.625 G 3.125(re).15 G .625
(xample, in our case we w)185.515 120 R .625(ould set it to \231CS.Berk)-.1 F
(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G 3.125(EDU\232. The).65 F(ef)3.125 E .625
(fect is that)-.25 F(an)117 132 Q .882(yone kno)-.15 F .882
(wn in the database gets their outgoing mail stamped as \231user@CS.Berk)-.25 F
(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\232,).65 E -.2(bu)117 144 S 2.5(tp).2 G
(eople not listed in the database use the local hostname.)137.08 144 Q F0 2.5
(5.3.3. Cr)102 170 R(eating the database)-.18 E/F2 7/Times-Bold@0 SF(18)223.2
166 Q F1 .375(The user database is b)142 186.2 R .375(uilt from a te)-.2 F .375
(xt \214le using the)-.15 F/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(mak)2.875 E(emap)-.1 E F1
.375(utility \(in the distrib)2.875 F .375(ution in)-.2 F 1.038(the mak)117
198.2 R 1.038(emap subdirectory\).)-.1 F 1.038(The te)6.038 F 1.039
(xt \214le is a series of lines corresponding to userdb records;)-.15 F 1.589
(each line has a k)117 210.2 R 1.889 -.15(ey a)-.1 H 1.589(nd a v).15 F 1.589
(alue separated by white space.)-.25 F 1.589(The k)6.589 F 1.889 -.15(ey i)-.1
H 4.089(sa).15 G -.1(lwa)421.945 210.2 S 1.588(ys in the format).1 F
(described abo)117 222.2 Q .3 -.15(ve \212 f)-.15 H(or e).15 E(xample:)-.15 E
(eric:maildrop)157 238.4 Q .447
(This \214le is normally installed in a system directory; for e)117 254.6 R
.448(xample, it might be called)-.15 F F3(/etc/user)2.948 E(db)-.37 E F1(.)A
1.6 -.8(To m)117 266.6 T(ak).8 E 2.5(et)-.1 G(he database v)156.65 266.6 Q
(ersion of the map, run the program:)-.15 E(mak)157 282.8 Q
(emap btree /etc/userdb)-.1 E(.db < /etc/userdb)-.4 E .077
(Then create a con\214g \214le that uses this.)117 299 R -.15(Fo)5.077 G 2.577
(re).15 G .077(xample, using the V8 M4 con\214guration, include the)296.533 299
R(follo)117 311 Q(wing line in your .mc \214le:)-.25 E
(de\214ne\(\222confUSERDB_SPEC\264, /etc/userdb)157 327.2 Q(.db\))-.4 E F0 2.5
(6. O)72 355.4 R(THER CONFIGURA)-.4 E(TION)-.95 E F1 .907
(There are some con\214guration changes that can be made by recompiling)112
371.6 R F3(sendmail)3.407 E F1 5.907(.T)C .907(his section)460.593 371.6 R
(describes what changes can be made and what has to be modi\214ed to mak)87
383.6 Q 2.5(et)-.1 G(hem.)387.95 383.6 Q F0 2.5(6.1. P)87 407.6 R
(arameters in sr)-.1 E(c/Mak)-.18 E(e\214le)-.1 E F1 .92
(These parameters are intended to describe the compilation en)127 423.8 R .92
(vironment, not site polic)-.4 F 2.22 -.65(y, a)-.15 H(nd).65 E
(should normally be de\214ned in src/Mak)102 435.8 Q(e\214le.)-.1 E 39.5
(NDBM If)102 452 R .664(set, the ne)3.164 F 3.164(wv)-.25 G .664
(ersion of the DBM library that allo)240.406 452 R .665
(ws multiple databases will be)-.25 F 2.543(used. If)174 464 R .042
(neither NDBM nor NEWDB are set, a much less ef)2.543 F .042
(\214cient method of alias)-.25 F(lookup is used.)174 476 Q 32.84(NEWDB If)102
492.2 R .141(set, use the ne)2.641 F 2.642(wd)-.25 G .142
(atabase package from Berk)254.436 492.2 R(ele)-.1 E 2.642(y\()-.15 G .142
(from 4.4BSD\).)385.814 492.2 R .142(This package)5.142 F .267
(is substantially f)174 504.2 R .267(aster than DBM or NDBM.)-.1 F .267
(If NEWDB and NDBM are both set,)5.267 F F3(sendmail)174 516.2 Q F1
(will read DBM \214les, b)2.5 E(ut will create and use NEWDB \214les.)-.2 E
53.39(NIS Include)102 532.4 R .119(support for NIS.)2.619 F .119
(If set together with)5.119 F F3(both)2.619 E F1 .119(NEWDB and NDBM,)2.619 F
F3(sendmail)2.62 E F1 1.076
(will create both DBM and NEWDB \214les if and only if the \214le /v)174 544.4
R(ar/yp/Mak)-.25 E(e\214le)-.1 E -.15(ex)174 556.4 S .292
(ists and is readable.).15 F .293
(This is intended for compatibility with Sun Microsystems')5.293 F F3(mkalias)
174 568.4 Q F1(program used on YP masters.)2.5 E 25.05(SYSTEM5 Set)102 584.6 R
(all of the compilation parameters appropriate for System V)2.5 E(.)-1.29 E
36.72(LOCKF Use)102 600.8 R .3(System V)2.8 F F0(lockf)2.8 E F1 .299
(instead of Berk)2.799 F(ele)-.1 E(y)-.15 E F0(\215ock)2.799 E F1 5.299(.D)C
.299(ue to the highly unusual seman-)375.015 600.8 R .051
(tics of locks across forks in)174 612.8 R F0(lockf)2.551 E F1 2.551(,t)C .051
(his should ne)314.897 612.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.552(rb).15 G 2.552(eu)387.702
612.8 S .052(sed unless absolutely nec-)399.694 612.8 R(essary)174 624.8 Q 5
(.S)-.65 G(et by def)211.4 624.8 Q(ault if SYSTEM5 is set.)-.1 E 33.94
(SYS5TZ Use)102 641 R(System V time zone semantics.)2.5 E(HASINITGR)102 657.2 Q
(OUPS)-.4 E 2.392(Set this if your system has the)174 669.2 R F3(initgr)4.892 E
(oups\(\))-.45 E F1 2.391(call \(if you ha)4.891 F 2.691 -.15(ve m)-.2 H 2.391
(ultiple group).15 F .32 LW 76 678.8 72 678.8 DL 80 678.8 76 678.8 DL 84 678.8
80 678.8 DL 88 678.8 84 678.8 DL 92 678.8 88 678.8 DL 96 678.8 92 678.8 DL 100
678.8 96 678.8 DL 104 678.8 100 678.8 DL 108 678.8 104 678.8 DL 112 678.8 108
678.8 DL 116 678.8 112 678.8 DL 120 678.8 116 678.8 DL 124 678.8 120 678.8 DL
128 678.8 124 678.8 DL 132 678.8 128 678.8 DL 136 678.8 132 678.8 DL 140 678.8
136 678.8 DL 144 678.8 140 678.8 DL 148 678.8 144 678.8 DL 152 678.8 148 678.8
DL 156 678.8 152 678.8 DL 160 678.8 156 678.8 DL 164 678.8 160 678.8 DL 168
678.8 164 678.8 DL 172 678.8 168 678.8 DL 176 678.8 172 678.8 DL 180 678.8 176
678.8 DL 184 678.8 180 678.8 DL 188 678.8 184 678.8 DL 192 678.8 188 678.8 DL
196 678.8 192 678.8 DL 200 678.8 196 678.8 DL 204 678.8 200 678.8 DL 208 678.8
204 678.8 DL 212 678.8 208 678.8 DL 216 678.8 212 678.8 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0
SF(18)93.6 689.2 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .288(These instructions are kno)3.2 J
.289(wn to be incomplete.)-.2 F 2.289(Af)4.289 G .289(uture v)266.46 692.4 R
.289(ersion of the user database is planned including things such as \214n-)
-.12 F(ger service \212 and good documentation.)72 702 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-49)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.5(support\). This)174 96 R
(is the def)2.5 E(ault if SYSTEM5 is)-.1 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(not)2.5 E F1
(de\214ned or if you are on HPUX.)2.5 E(HASUN)102 112.2 Q 13.19(AME Set)-.35 F
.89(this if you ha)3.39 F 1.19 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E F2(uname)3.39 E F1 .89
(\(2\) system call \(or corresponding library routine\).)B(Set by def)174 124.2
Q(ault if SYSTEM5 is set.)-.1 E(HASST)102 140.4 Q -1.11(AT)-.93 G 15.42(FS Set)
1.11 F .202(this if you ha)2.702 F .502 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E F2(statfs)
2.702 E F1 .202(\(2\) system call.)B .202(This will allo)5.202 F 2.702(wy)-.25
G .202(ou to gi)425.824 140.4 R .501 -.15(ve a t)-.25 H(empo-).15 E .107
(rary f)174 152.4 R .108(ailure message to incoming SMTP email when you are lo)
-.1 F 2.608(wo)-.25 G 2.608(nd)441.186 152.4 S .108(isk space.)453.794 152.4 R
(It)5.108 E(is set by def)174 164.4 Q(ault on 4.4BSD and OSF/1 systems.)-.1 E
(HASUST)102 180.6 Q 21.54 -1.11(AT S)-.93 H .594(et if you ha)1.11 F .894 -.15
(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E F2(ustat)3.094 E F1 .594(\(2\) system call.)B .594
(This is an alternati)5.594 F .893 -.15(ve i)-.25 H .593(mplementation of).15 F
.525(disk space control.)174 192.6 R -1.1(Yo)5.525 G 3.025(us)1.1 G .525
(hould only set one of HASST)278.32 192.6 R -1.11(AT)-.93 G .525(FS or HASUST)
1.11 F -.83 -1.11(AT ;)-.93 H(the)4.135 E(\214rst is preferred.)174 204.6 Q(_P)
102 220.8 Q -1.11(AT)-.92 G(H_SENDMAILCF)1.11 E
(The pathname of the sendmail.cf \214le.)174 232.8 Q(_P)102 249 Q -1.11(AT)-.92
G(H_SENDMAILPID)1.11 E(The pathname of the sendmail.pid \214le.)174 261 Q 26.17
(LA_TYPE The)102 277.2 R(load a)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(rage type.).15 E
(Details are described belo)5 E -.65(w.)-.25 G .343(The are se)102 293.4 R -.15
(ve)-.25 G .342(ral b).15 F .342(uilt-in w)-.2 F .342
(ays of computing the load a)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G(rage.).15 E F2(Sendmail)5.342
E F1 .342(tries to auto-con\214gure them)2.842 F .266
(based on imperfect guesses; you can select one using the)102 305.4 R F2(cc)
2.767 E F1(option)2.767 E F0(\255DLA_TYPE=)2.767 E F2(type)A F1 2.767(,w)C
(here)467.363 305.4 Q F2(type)2.767 E F1(is:)102 317.4 Q 34.51(LA_INT The)102
333.6 R -.1(ke)2.979 G .479(rnel stores the load a).1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .479
(rage in the k).15 F .478(ernel as an array of long inte)-.1 F 2.978(gers. The)
-.15 F(actual v)174 345.6 Q(alues are scaled by a f)-.25 E(actor FSCALE \(def)
-.1 E(ault 256\).)-.1 E(LA_SHOR)102 361.8 Q 21.49(TT)-.6 G .33(he k)180.11
361.8 R .33(ernel stores the load a)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .331(rage in the k).15
F .331(ernel as an array of short inte)-.1 F 2.831(gers. The)-.15 F(actual v)
174 373.8 Q(alues are scaled by a f)-.25 E(actor FSCALE \(def)-.1 E
(ault 256\).)-.1 E(LA_FLO)102 390 Q 22.63 -1.11(AT T)-.35 H 1.118(he k)1.11 F
1.117(ernel stores the load a)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.117(rage in the k).15 F
1.117(ernel as an array of double precision)-.1 F(\215oats.)174 402 Q(LA_MA)102
418.2 Q 21.57(CH Use)-.4 F(MA)2.5 E(CH-style load a)-.4 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(rages.)
.15 E 25.05(LA_SUBR Call)102 434.4 R(the)2.5 E F2 -.1(ge)2.5 G(tloadavg).1 E F1
(routine to get the load a)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(rage as an array of doubles.).15
E(LA_ZER)102 450.6 Q 27.96(OA)-.4 G -.1(lwa)181.22 450.6 S
(ys return zero as the load a).1 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(rage. This).15 F(is the f)
2.5 E(allback case.)-.1 E .493(If type)102 466.8 R/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF
(LA_INT)2.993 E F1(,)A F3(LA_SHOR)2.993 E(T)-.54 E F1 2.993(,o)C(r)224.802
466.8 Q F3(LA_FLO)2.993 E -.999(AT)-.315 G F1 .493
(is speci\214ed, you may also need to specify)3.992 F F3(_P)2.994 E -.999(AT)
-.828 G(H_UNIX).999 E F1 .949(\(the path to your system binary\) and)102 478.8
R F3(LA_A)3.448 E(VENR)-1.215 E(UN)-.36 E F1 .948(\(the name of the v)3.448 F
.948(ariable containing the load)-.25 F -2.25 -.2(av e)102 490.8 T
(rage in the k).2 E(ernel; usually \231_a)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.2 G
(nrun\232 or \231a).15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(nrun\232\).).15 E 1.439
(There are also se)127 507 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.439
(ral compilation \215ags to indicate the en).15 F 1.44
(vironment such as \231_AIX3\232 and)-.4 F 2.5(\231_SCO_unix_\232. See)102 519
R(the READ_ME \214le for the latest scoop on these \215ags.)2.5 E F0 2.5
(6.2. P)87 543 R(arameters in sr)-.1 E(c/conf)-.18 E(.h)-.15 E F1 -.15(Pa)127
559.2 S .896(rameters and compilation options are de\214ned in conf.h.).15 F
.895(Most of these need not normally)5.895 F .192(be tweak)102 571.2 R .192
(ed; common parameters are all in sendmail.cf.)-.1 F(Ho)5.192 E(we)-.25 E -.15
(ve)-.25 G .992 -.4(r, t).15 H .192(he sizes of certain primiti).4 F .493 -.15
(ve ve)-.25 H(c-).15 E(tors, etc., are included in this \214le.)102 583.2 Q
(The numbers follo)5 E(wing the parameters are their def)-.25 E(ault v)-.1 E
(alue.)-.25 E 1.91(MAXLINE [1024])102 599.4 R 1.909
(The maximum line length of an)190.31 599.4 R 4.409(yi)-.15 G 1.909(nput line.)
338.276 599.4 R 1.909(If message lines e)6.909 F 1.909(xceed this)-.15 F .575
(length the)188.4 611.4 R 3.075(yw)-.15 G .575
(ill still be processed correctly; ho)243.84 611.4 R(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
1.375 -.4(r, h).15 H .575(eader lines, con\214gura-).4 F
(tion \214le lines, alias lines, etc., must \214t within this limit.)188.4
623.4 Q(MAXN)102 639.6 Q(AME [256])-.35 E(The maximum length of an)9.82 E 2.5
(yn)-.15 G(ame, such as a host or a user name.)309.63 639.6 Q .231(MAXPV [40])
102 655.8 R .231(The maximum number of parameters to an)188.631 655.8 R 2.731
(ym)-.15 G(ailer)376.458 655.8 Q 5.231(.T)-.55 G .23(his limits the number of)
407.519 655.8 R .375(recipients that may be passed in one transaction.)188.4
667.8 R .376(It can be set to an)5.376 F 2.876(ya)-.15 G(rbitrary)474.01 667.8
Q .876(number abo)188.4 679.8 R 1.176 -.15(ve a)-.15 H .876(bout 10, since).15
F F2(sendmail)3.376 E F1 .876(will break up a deli)3.376 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .875
(ry into smaller).15 F .886(batches as needed.)188.4 691.8 R 3.386(Ah)5.886 G
.887(igher number may reduce load on your system, ho)285.804 691.8 R(w-)-.25 E
-2.15 -.25(ev e)188.4 703.8 T -.55(r.).25 G EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-50 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(MAXA)102 96 Q
-.18(TO)-1.11 G 2.559(M[).18 G 8.26(100] The)159.369 96 R .059
(maximum number of atoms \(tok)2.559 F .058(ens\) in a single address.)-.1 F
-.15(Fo)5.058 G 2.558(re).15 G .058(xample, the)457.282 96 R
(address \231eric@CS.Berk)188.4 108 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\232 is se)
.65 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(na).15 G(toms.)367.93 108 Q .112(MAXMAILERS [25])102
124.2 R .112(The maximum number of mailers that may be de\214ned in the con\
\214guration \214le.).02 F(MAXR)102 140.4 Q(WSETS [100])-.55 E
(The maximum number of re).01 E(writing sets that may be de\214ned.)-.25 E
(MAXPRIORITIES [25])102 156.6 Q 2.482(The maximum number of v)188.4 168.6 R
2.482(alues for the \231Precedence:\232 \214eld that may be)-.25 F
(de\214ned \(using the)188.4 180.6 Q F0(P)2.5 E F1(line in sendmail.cf\).)2.5 E
(MAXUSERENVIR)102 196.8 Q(ON [40])-.4 E .399
(The maximum number of items in the user en)188.4 208.8 R .4
(vironment that will be passed to)-.4 F(subordinate mailers.)188.4 220.8 Q -.1
(QU)102 237 S(EUESIZE [1000]).1 E
(The maximum number of entries that will be processed in a single queue run.)
2.35 E(MAXMXHOSTS [20])102 253.2 Q
(The maximum number of MX records we will accept for an)188.4 265.2 Q 2.5(ys)
-.15 G(ingle host.)439.03 265.2 Q 2.851(An)102 281.4 S .351
(umber of other compilation options e)117.071 281.4 R 2.851(xist. These)-.15 F
.35(specify whether or not speci\214c code should be)2.851 F(compiled in.)102
293.4 Q(DEB)102 309.6 Q 49.56(UG If)-.1 F 1.226(set, deb)3.726 F 1.226
(ugging information is compiled in.)-.2 F 2.827 -.8(To a)6.226 H 1.227
(ctually get the deb).8 F(ugging)-.2 E .4(output, the)188.4 321.6 R F0<ad64>2.9
E F1 .4(\215ag must be used.)2.9 F F0 .4(WE STR)5.4 F(ONGL)-.3 E 2.9(YR)-.92 G
.4(ECOMMEND THA)412.05 321.6 R(T)-.95 E .97(THIS BE LEFT ON.)188.4 333.6 R F1
.97(Some people, belie)5.97 F .97(ving that it w)-.25 F .97
(as a security hole \(it)-.1 F -.1(wa)188.4 345.6 S(s, once\) ha).1 E .3 -.15
(ve t)-.2 H(urned it of).15 E 2.5(fa)-.25 G(nd thus crippled deb)309.05 345.6 Q
(uggers.)-.2 E 41.69(NETINET If)102 361.8 R .829
(set, support for Internet protocol netw)3.33 F .829(orking is compiled in.)-.1
F(Pre)5.829 E .829(vious v)-.25 F(er)-.15 E(-)-.2 E .177(sions of)188.4 373.8 R
/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.677 E F1 .177(referred to this as)2.677 F
/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF -.36(DA)2.678 G(EMON).36 E F1 2.678(;t)C .178
(his old usage is no)381.71 373.8 R 2.678(wi)-.25 G(ncorrect.)468.74 373.8 Q
48.35(NETISO If)102 390 R .143(set, support for ISO protocol netw)2.643 F .142
(orking is compiled in \(it may be appropri-)-.1 F
(ate to #de\214ne this in the Mak)188.4 402 Q(e\214le instead of conf.h\).)-.1
E 63.35(LOG If)102 418.2 R .5(set, the)3 F F2(syslo)3 E(g)-.1 E F1 .5
(routine in use at some sites is used.)3 F .5(This mak)5.5 F .5(es an informa-)
-.1 F .504(tional log record for each message processed, and mak)188.4 430.2 R
.504(es a higher priority log)-.1 F(record for internal system errors.)188.4
442.2 Q(MA)102 458.4 Q 16.12(TCHGECOS Compile)-1.11 F 3.555
(in the code to do `)6.055 F 3.555(`fuzzy matching')-.74 F 6.055('o)-.74 G
6.055(nt)404.22 458.4 S 3.555(he GECOS \214eld in)418.055 458.4 R 2.5
(/etc/passwd. This)188.4 470.4 R(also requires that option G be turned on.)2.5
E -.35(NA)102 486.6 S 18.15(MED_BIND Compile).35 F .413
(in code to use the Berk)2.913 F(ele)-.1 E 2.912(yI)-.15 G .412
(nternet Name Domain \(BIND\) serv)342.41 486.6 R .412(er to)-.15 F(resolv)
188.4 498.6 Q 2.5(eT)-.15 G(CP/IP host names.)225.74 498.6 Q(NO)102 514.8 Q
38.76(TUNIX If)-.4 F .247
(you are using a non-UNIX mail format, you can set this \215ag to turn of)2.747
F 2.748(fs)-.25 G(pe-)491.23 514.8 Q
(cial processing of UNIX-style \231From \232 lines.)188.4 526.8 Q -.1(QU)102
543 S 50.12(EUE This).1 F 1.559
(\215ag should be set to compile in the queueing code.)4.06 F 1.559
(If this is not set,)6.559 F
(mailers must accept the mail immediately or it will be returned to the sender)
188.4 555 Q(.)-.55 E(SETPR)102 571.2 Q 12.63(OCTITLE If)-.4 F(de\214ned,)3.88 E
F2(sendmail)3.88 E F1 1.381(will change its)3.881 F F2(ar)3.881 E(gv)-.37 E F1
1.381(array to indicate its current status.)3.881 F .207
(This can be used in conjunction with the)188.4 583.2 R F2(ps)2.707 E F1 .206
(command to \214nd out just what it')2.707 F(s)-.55 E(up to.)188.4 595.2 Q
57.78(SMTP If)102 611.4 R .756(set, the code to handle user and serv)3.256 F
.756(er SMTP will be compiled in.)-.15 F .756(This is)5.756 F 2.507
(only necessary if your machine has some mailer that speaks SMTP \(this)188.4
623.4 R(means most machines e)188.4 635.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rywhere\).).15 E
(UGL)102 651.6 Q 30.46(YUUCP If)-1 F 1.023(you ha)3.523 F 1.323 -.15(ve a U)-.2
H 1.024(UCP host adjacent to you which is not running a reasonable).15 F -.15
(ve)188.4 663.6 S .112(rsion of).15 F F2(rmail)2.612 E F1 2.612(,y)C .112
(ou will ha)263.026 663.6 R .412 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.612(os).15 G .112
(et this \215ag to include the \231remote from sys-)329.234 663.6 R .031
(name\232 info on the from line.)188.4 675.6 R .032
(Otherwise, UUCP gets confused about where the)5.032 F(mail came from.)188.4
687.6 Q 44.45(USERDB Include)102 703.8 R(the)3.449 E F0(experimental)3.449 E F1
(Berk)3.449 E(ele)-.1 E 3.449(yu)-.15 G .949(ser information database package.)
341.356 703.8 R(This)5.948 E .27(adds a ne)188.4 715.8 R 2.77(wl)-.25 G -2.15
-.25(ev e)238.67 715.8 T 2.77(lo).25 G 2.77(fl)262.7 715.8 S .27(ocal name e)
271.58 715.8 R .27(xpansion between aliasing and forw)-.15 F 2.77(arding. It)
-.1 F EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-51)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(also uses the NEWDB package.)188.4
96 Q(This may change in future releases.)5 E(IDENTPR)102 112.2 Q -1.88 -.4
(OT O)-.4 H .376(Compile in the IDENT protocol as de\214ned in RFC 1413.)188.4
112.2 R .375(This def)5.375 F .375(aults on for)-.1 F 1.053(all systems e)188.4
124.2 R 1.053
(xcept Ultrix, which apparently has the interesting \231feature\232 that)-.15 F
.83(when it recei)188.4 136.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.33(sa\231).15 G .83
(host unreachable\232 message it closes all open connections)270.18 136.2 R
1.921(to that host.)188.4 148.2 R 1.921(Since some \214re)6.921 F -.1(wa)-.25 G
1.922(ll g).1 F(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G 1.922
(ys send this error code when you).1 F 2.055
(access an unauthorized port \(such as 113, used by IDENT\), Ultrix cannot)
188.4 160.2 R(recei)188.4 172.2 Q .3 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(mail from such hosts.).15
E F0 2.5(6.3. Con\214guration)87 196.2 R(in sr)2.5 E(c/conf)-.18 E(.c)-.15 E F1
(The follo)127 212.4 Q(wing changes can be made in conf.c.)-.25 E F0 2.5
(6.3.1. Built-in)102 236.4 R(Header Semantics)2.5 E F1 1.248
(Not all header semantics are de\214ned in the con\214guration \214le.)142
252.6 R 1.248(Header lines that should)6.248 F .305(only be included by certai\
n mailers \(as well as other more obscure semantics\) must be speci\214ed)117
264.6 R .046(in the)117 276.6 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(HdrInfo)2.546 E F1 .046
(table in)2.546 F F2(conf)2.546 E(.c)-.15 E F1 5.046(.T)C .047
(his table contains the header name \(which should be in all lo)246.836 276.6 R
(wer)-.25 E(case\) and a set of header control \215ags \(described belo)117
288.6 Q(w\), The \215ags are:)-.25 E(H_A)117 304.8 Q 30.97(CHECK Normally)-.4 F
.007(when the check is made to see if a header line is compatible with)2.508 F
2.94(am)203.4 316.8 S(ailer)218.56 316.8 Q(,)-.4 E F2(sendmail)2.94 E F1 .441
(will not delete an e)2.94 F .441(xisting line.)-.15 F .441
(If this \215ag is set,)5.441 F F2(send-)2.941 E(mail)203.4 328.8 Q F1 .152
(will delete e)2.652 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.652(ne).15 G .152
(xisting header lines.)293.998 328.8 R .152
(That is, if this bit is set and the)5.152 F 1.425(mailer does not ha)203.4
340.8 R 1.725 -.15(ve \215)-.2 H 1.425
(ag bits set that intersect with the required mailer).15 F 2.204
(\215ags in the header de\214nition in sendmail.cf, the header line is)203.4
352.8 R F2(always)4.703 E F1(deleted.)203.4 364.8 Q 51.13(H_EOH If)117 381 R
.206(this header \214eld is set, treat it lik)2.705 F 2.706(eab)-.1 G .206
(lank line, i.e., it will signal the end)363.948 381 R
(of the header and the be)203.4 393 Q(ginning of the message te)-.15 E(xt.)-.15
E 39.45(H_FORCE Add)117 409.2 R 2.039(this header entry e)4.539 F -.15(ve)-.25
G 4.539(ni).15 G 4.539(fo)326.225 409.2 S 2.038(ne e)339.094 409.2 R 2.038
(xisted in the message before.)-.15 F 2.038(If a)7.038 F 2.188
(header entry does not ha)203.4 421.2 R 2.488 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.188
(his bit set,).15 F F2(sendmail)4.688 E F1 2.189(will not add another)4.689 F
.62(header line if a header line of this name already e)203.4 433.2 R 3.12
(xisted. This)-.15 F -.1(wo)3.12 G .62(uld nor).1 F(-)-.2 E
(mally be used to stamp the message by e)203.4 445.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ryone who handled it.).15 E(H_TRA)117 461.4 Q 39.3(CE If)-.4 F 1.043
(set, this is a timestamp \(trace\) \214eld.)3.543 F 1.044
(If the number of trace \214elds in a)6.043 F .706(message e)203.4 473.4 R .705
(xceeds a preset amount the message is returned on the assump-)-.15 F
(tion that it has an aliasing loop.)203.4 485.4 Q 46.67(H_RCPT If)117 501.6 R
.332(set, this \214eld contains recipient addresses.)2.832 F .332
(This is used by the)5.332 F F0<ad74>2.832 E F1 .333(\215ag to)2.833 F 1.349
(determine who to send to when it is collecting recipients from the mes-)203.4
513.6 R(sage.)203.4 525.6 Q(H_FR)117 541.8 Q 43.74(OM This)-.4 F 1.673
(\215ag indicates that this \214eld speci\214es a sender)4.173 F 6.674(.T)-.55
G 1.674(he order of these)432.058 541.8 R .898(\214elds in the)203.4 553.8 R F2
(HdrInfo)3.398 E F1 .898(table speci\214es)3.398 F F2(sendmail)3.398 E F1 1.998
-.55('s p)D .898(reference for which \214eld).55 F
(to return error messages to.)203.4 565.8 Q(Let')117 582 Q 2.5(sl)-.55 G
(ook at a sample)142.28 582 Q F2(HdrInfo)2.5 E F1(speci\214cation:)2.5 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-52 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(struct hdrinfo)
157 96 Q(HdrInfo[] =)258.19 96 Q({)157 108 Q
(/* originator \214elds, most to least signi\214cant)189.5 120 Q(*/)5 E 14.72
("resent-sender", H_FR)177 132 R(OM,)-.4 E 21.38("resent-from", H_FR)177 144 R
(OM,)-.4 E 41.93("sender", H_FR)177 156 R(OM,)-.4 E 48.59("from", H_FR)177 168
R(OM,)-.4 E 29.15("full-name", H_A)177 180 R(CHECK,)-.4 E
(/* destination \214elds */)189.5 192 Q 60.25("to", H_RCPT)177 204 R(,)-.74 E
33.04("resent-to", H_RCPT)177 216 R(,)-.74 E 59.15("cc", H_RCPT)177 228 R(,)
-.74 E(/* message identi\214cation and control */)189.5 240 Q 34.15
("message", H_EOH,)177 252 R("te)177 264 Q 53.18(xt", H_EOH,)-.15 F
(/* trace \214elds */)189.5 276 Q("recei)177 288 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 34.56
(d", H_TRA).15 F(CE|H_FORCE,)-.4 E 49.53(NULL, 0,)177 312 R(};)157 324 Q 2.435
(This structure indicates that the \231T)117 340.2 R 2.435
(o:\232, \231Resent-T)-.8 F 2.435
(o:\232, and \231Cc:\232 \214elds all specify recipient)-.8 F 3.162
(addresses. An)117 352.2 R 3.162<7999>-.15 G .661(Full-Name:\232 \214eld will \
be deleted unless the required mailer \215ag \(indicated in)188.154 352.2 R
.245(the con\214guration \214le\) is speci\214ed.)117 364.2 R .245
(The \231Message:\232 and \231T)5.245 F -.15(ex)-.7 G .246
(t:\232 \214elds will terminate the header;).15 F 1.936
(these are used by random dissenters around the netw)117 376.2 R 1.936(ork w)
-.1 F 4.436(orld. The)-.1 F(\231Recei)4.436 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.936
(d:\232 \214eld will).15 F(al)117 388.2 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G
(ys be added, and can be used to trace messages.).1 E .445
(There are a number of important points here.)142 404.4 R .446
(First, header \214elds are not added automati-)5.446 F .657
(cally just because the)117 416.4 R 3.157(ya)-.15 G .657(re in the)216.678
416.4 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(HdrInfo)3.157 E F1 .657(structure; the)3.157 F
3.157(ym)-.15 G .656(ust be speci\214ed in the con\214guration)358.23 416.4 R
.727(\214le in order to be added to the message.)117 428.4 R(An)5.728 E 3.228
(yh)-.15 G .728(eader \214elds mentioned in the con\214guration \214le)312.982
428.4 R -.2(bu)117 440.4 S 3.24(tn).2 G .74(ot mentioned in the)137.82 440.4 R
F2(HdrInfo)3.24 E F1 .74(structure ha)3.24 F 1.04 -.15(ve d)-.2 H(ef).15 E .74
(ault processing performed; that is, the)-.1 F 3.24(ya)-.15 G(re)496.23 440.4 Q
1.374(added unless the)117 452.4 R 3.874(yw)-.15 G 1.374
(ere in the message already)201.792 452.4 R 6.375(.S)-.65 G 1.375(econd, the)
326.595 452.4 R F2(HdrInfo)3.875 E F1 1.375(structure only speci\214es)3.875 F
.324
(cliched processing; certain headers are processed specially by ad hoc code re)
117 464.4 R -.05(ga)-.15 G .324(rdless of the sta-).05 F .48
(tus speci\214ed in)117 476.4 R F2(HdrInfo)2.98 E F1 5.48(.F)C .481(or e)226.55
476.4 R .481(xample, the \231Sender:\232 and \231From:\232 \214elds are al)-.15
F -.1(wa)-.1 G .481(ys scanned on).1 F(ARP)117 490.4 Q .75
(ANET mail to determine the sender)-.92 F/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(19)282.31 486.4
Q F1 3.251(;t)289.31 490.4 S .751
(his is used to perform the \231return to sender\232 func-)298.121 490.4 R
2.977(tion. The)117 502.4 R .476(\231From:\232 and \231Full-Name:\232 \214elds\
 are used to determine the full name of the sender if)2.977 F
(possible; this is stored in the macro)117 514.4 Q F0($x)2.5 E F1
(and used in a number of w)2.5 E(ays.)-.1 E F0 2.5(6.3.2. Restricting)102 538.4
R(Use of Email)2.5 E F1 .149
(If it is necessary to restrict mail through a relay)142 554.6 R 2.649(,t)-.65
G(he)339.75 554.6 Q F2 -.15(ch)2.65 G(ec).15 E(kcompat)-.2 E F1 .15
(routine can be modi\214ed.)2.65 F .163(This routine is called for e)117 566.6
R -.15(ve)-.25 G .163(ry recipient address.).15 F .163(It returns an e)5.163 F
.163(xit status indicating the status of)-.15 F .895(the message.)117 578.6 R
.895(The status)5.895 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(EX_OK)3.395 E F1 .895
(accepts the address,)3.395 F F4(EX_TEMPF)3.395 E(AIL)-.666 E F1 .895
(queues the message for a)3.395 F .264(later try)117 590.6 R 2.764(,a)-.65 G
.264(nd other v)157.698 590.6 R .264(alues \(commonly)-.25 F F4(EX_UN)2.764 E
-1.215(AVA)-.315 G(ILABLE)1.215 E F1 2.764(\)r)C .264(eject the message.)
358.375 590.6 R .263(It is up to)5.264 F F2 -.15(ch)2.763 G(ec).15 E(k-)-.2 E
(compat)117 602.6 Q F1 .429(to print an error message \(using)2.929 F F2(usr)
2.929 E(err)-.37 E F1 2.929(\)i)C 2.929(ft)315.032 602.6 S .43
(he message is rejected.)324.071 602.6 R -.15(Fo)5.43 G 2.93(re).15 G(xample,)
443.39 602.6 Q F2 -.15(ch)2.93 G(ec).15 E(k-)-.2 E(compat)117 614.6 Q F1
(could read:)2.5 E .32 LW 76 669.2 72 669.2 DL 80 669.2 76 669.2 DL 84 669.2 80
669.2 DL 88 669.2 84 669.2 DL 92 669.2 88 669.2 DL 96 669.2 92 669.2 DL 100
669.2 96 669.2 DL 104 669.2 100 669.2 DL 108 669.2 104 669.2 DL 112 669.2 108
669.2 DL 116 669.2 112 669.2 DL 120 669.2 116 669.2 DL 124 669.2 120 669.2 DL
128 669.2 124 669.2 DL 132 669.2 128 669.2 DL 136 669.2 132 669.2 DL 140 669.2
136 669.2 DL 144 669.2 140 669.2 DL 148 669.2 144 669.2 DL 152 669.2 148 669.2
DL 156 669.2 152 669.2 DL 160 669.2 156 669.2 DL 164 669.2 160 669.2 DL 168
669.2 164 669.2 DL 172 669.2 168 669.2 DL 176 669.2 172 669.2 DL 180 669.2 176
669.2 DL 184 669.2 180 669.2 DL 188 669.2 184 669.2 DL 192 669.2 188 669.2 DL
196 669.2 192 669.2 DL 200 669.2 196 669.2 DL 204 669.2 200 669.2 DL 208 669.2
204 669.2 DL 212 669.2 208 669.2 DL 216 669.2 212 669.2 DL/F5 5/Times-Roman@0
SF(19)93.6 679.6 Q/F6 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(Actually)3.2 I 2.632(,t)-.52 G .632
(his is no longer true in SMTP; this information is contained in the en)132.488
682.8 R -.12(ve)-.32 G 2.631(lope. The).12 F .631(older ARP)2.631 F .631
(ANET protocols did)-.736 F(not completely distinguish en)72 692.4 Q -.12(ve)
-.32 G(lope from header).12 E(.)-.44 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-53)452.9 60 Q/F1 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(int)157 94.8 Q
(checkcompat\(to, e\))157 105.6 Q(re)175 116.4 Q(gister ADDRESS *to;)-.135 E
(re)175 127.2 Q(gister ENVELOPE *e;)-.135 E({)157 138 Q(re)175 148.8 Q
(gister ST)-.135 E(AB *s;)-.837 E 2.25(s=s)175 170.4 S(tab\("pri)191.578 170.4
Q -.225(va)-.225 G(te", ST_MAILER, ST_FIND\);).225 E
(if \(s != NULL && e\255>e_from.q_mailer != LocalMailer &&)175 181.2 Q
(to->q_mailer == s->s_mailer\))184 192 Q({)175 202.8 Q(usrerr\("No pri)193
213.6 Q -.225(va)-.225 G(te net mail allo).225 E(wed through this machine"\);)
-.225 E(return \(EX_UN)193 224.4 Q -1.215(AVA)-.315 G(ILABLE\);)1.215 E(})175
235.2 Q(if \(MsgSize > 50000 && to\255>q_mailer != LocalMailer\))175 246 Q({)
175 256.8 Q(usrerr\("Message too lar)193 267.6 Q(ge for non-local deli)-.162 E
-.135(ve)-.225 G(ry"\);).135 E(NoReturn = TR)193 278.4 Q(UE;)-.36 E
(return \(EX_UN)193 289.2 Q -1.215(AVA)-.315 G(ILABLE\);)1.215 E(})175 300 Q
(return \(EX_OK\);)175 310.8 Q(})157 321.6 Q/F2 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .205
(This w)117 337.8 R .205
(ould reject messages greater than 50000 bytes unless the)-.1 F 2.705(yw)-.15 G
.205(ere local.)387.09 337.8 R(The)5.205 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(NoReturn)
2.705 E F2(\215ag)2.705 E 1.196(can be sent to suppress the return of the actu\
al body of the message in the error return.)117 349.8 R(The)6.197 E(actual use\
 of this routine is highly dependent on the implementation, and use should be \
limited.)117 361.8 Q F0 2.5(6.3.3. Load)102 385.8 R -.6 -1(Av e)2.5 H
(rage Computation)1 E F2 .18(The routine)142 402 R F3 -.1(ge)2.68 G(tla).1 E F2
.18(should return an approximation of the current system load a)2.68 F -.15(ve)
-.2 G .18(rage as an).15 F(inte)117 414 Q(ger)-.15 E 5(.T)-.55 G
(here are four v)157.68 414 Q
(ersions included on compilation \215ags as described abo)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.15 G
(.).15 E F0 2.5(6.3.4. New)102 438 R(Database Map Classes)2.5 E F2(Ne)142 454.2
Q 2.875(wk)-.25 G .675 -.15(ey m)168.405 454.2 T .375(aps can be added by crea\
ting a class initialization function and a lookup func-).15 F 2.5(tion. These)
117 466.2 R(are then added to the routine)2.5 E F3(setupmaps.)2.5 E F2
(The initialization function is called as)142 482.4 Q F3(xxx)157 498.6 Q F2
(_map_init\(MAP *map, char *mapname, char *ar)A(gs\))-.18 E(The)117 514.8 Q F3
(map)2.555 E F2 .055(is an internal data structure.)2.555 F(The)5.055 E F3
(mapname)2.555 E F2 .054(is the name of the map \(used for error mes-)2.554 F
2.819(sages\). The)117 526.8 R F3(ar)2.819 E(gs)-.37 E F2 .32(is a pointer to \
the rest of the con\214guration \214le line; \215ags and \214lenames can be)
2.819 F -.15(ex)117 538.8 S .675(tracted from this line.).15 F .675
(The initialization function must return)5.675 F F1(TR)3.175 E(UE)-.36 E F2
.674(if it successfully opened)3.174 F(the map,)117 550.8 Q F1 -.666(FA)2.5 G
(LSE).666 E F2(otherwise.)2.5 E(The lookup function is called as)142 567 Q F3
(xxx)157 583.2 Q F2(_map_lookup\(MAP *map, char b)A(uf[], int b)-.2 E
(ufsize, char **a)-.2 E 1.3 -.65(v, i)-.2 H(nt *statp\)).65 E(The)117 599.4 Q
F3(map)3.475 E F2 .975(de\214nes the map internally)3.475 F 5.975(.T)-.65 G
.975(he parameters)277.18 599.4 R F3 -.2(bu)3.475 G(f).2 E F2(and)3.475 E F3
-.2(bu)3.475 G(fsize).2 E F2(ha)3.476 E 1.276 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .976(he input k)
.15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 5.976(.T)-.5 G(his)492.33 599.4 Q .043
(may be \(and often is\) used destructi)117 611.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E
5.043(.T)-.65 G(he)289.831 611.4 Q F3(av)2.543 E F2 .043(is a list of ar)2.543
F .042(guments passed in from the re)-.18 F(write)-.25 E 3.654(line. The)117
623.4 R 1.154(lookup function should return a pointer to the ne)3.654 F 3.655
(wv)-.25 G 3.655(alue. IF)378.335 623.4 R 1.155(the map lookup f)3.655 F(ails,)
-.1 E F3(*statp)117 635.4 Q F2 1.272(should be set to an e)3.772 F 1.272
(xit status code; in particular)-.15 F 3.772(,i)-.4 G 3.771(ts)357.652 635.4 S
1.271(hould be set to)368.093 635.4 R F1(EX_TEMPF)3.771 E(AIL)-.666 E F2(if)
3.771 E(reco)117 647.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(ry is to be attempted by the higher le)
.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(lc).15 G(ode.)308.76 647.4 Q F0 2.5(6.3.5. Queueing)
102 671.4 R(Function)2.5 E F2 .782(The routine)142 687.6 R F3(shouldqueue)3.282
E F2 .783(is called to decide if a message should be queued or processed)3.283
F(immediately)117 699.6 Q 6.619(.T)-.65 G 1.618
(ypically this compares the message priority to the current load a)180.779
699.6 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 4.118(rage. The).15 F(def)117 711.6 Q
(ault de\214nition is:)-.1 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-54 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(bool)157 96 Q
(shouldqueue\(pri, ctime\))157 108 Q(long pri;)175 120 Q(time_t ctime;)175 132
Q({)157 144 Q(if \(CurrentLA < QueueLA\))175 156 Q(return \(F)193 168 Q
(ALSE\);)-.74 E(if \(CurrentLA >= RefuseLA\))175 180 Q(return \(TR)193 192 Q
(UE\);)-.4 E(return \(pri > \(QueueF)175 204 Q
(actor / \(CurrentLA \255 QueueLA + 1\)\)\);)-.15 E(})157 216 Q 2.062
(If the current load a)117 232.2 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.062(rage \(global v).15 F
(ariable)-.25 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Curr)4.562 E(entLA)-.37 E F1 4.562(,w)C
2.062(hich is set before this function is)361.636 232.2 R 1.058
(called\) is less than the lo)117 244.2 R 3.558(wt)-.25 G 1.058
(hreshold load a)234.198 244.2 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.058(rage \(option).15 F F0(x)
3.557 E F1 3.557(,v)C(ariable)375.526 244.2 Q F2(QueueLA)3.557 E F1(\),)A F2
(shouldqueue)3.557 E F1(returns)117 256.2 Q/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF -.666(FA)
2.586 G(LSE).666 E F1 .086(immediately \(that is, it should)2.586 F F2(not)
2.586 E F1 2.586(queue\). If)2.586 F .086(the current load a)2.586 F -.15(ve)
-.2 G .087(rage e).15 F .087(xceeds the)-.15 F .588(high threshold load a)117
268.2 R -.15(ve)-.2 G .588(rage \(option).15 F F0(X)3.087 E F1 3.087(,v)C
(ariable)281.846 268.2 Q F2(RefuseLA)3.087 E F1(\),)A F2(shouldqueue)3.087 E F1
(returns)3.087 E F3(TR)3.087 E(UE)-.36 E F1(immedi-)3.087 E(ately)117 280.2 Q
7.125(.O)-.65 G 2.125
(therwise, it computes the function based on the message priority)152.635 280.2
R 4.626(,t)-.65 G 2.126(he queue f)438.208 280.2 R(actor)-.1 E(\(option)117
292.2 Q F0(q)2.5 E F1 2.5(,g)C(lobal v)163.95 292.2 Q(ariable)-.25 E F2(QueueF)
2.5 E(actor)-.75 E F1(\), and the current and threshold load a)A -.15(ve)-.2 G
(rages.).15 E 1.067(An implementation wishing to tak)142 308.4 R 3.567(et)-.1 G
1.066(he actual age of the message into account can also)293.625 308.4 R 1.41
(use the)117 320.4 R F2(ctime)3.91 E F1(parameter)3.91 E 3.91(,w)-.4 G 1.41
(hich is the time that the message w)229.15 320.4 R 1.41
(as \214rst submitted to)-.1 F F2(sendmail)3.91 E F1(.)A .929(Note that the)117
332.4 R F2(pri)3.428 E F1 .928
(parameter is already weighted by the number of times the message has been)
3.428 F .395(tried \(although this tends to lo)117 344.4 R .395
(wer the priority of the message with time\); the e)-.25 F .395
(xpectation is that)-.15 F(the)117 356.4 Q F2(ctime)2.674 E F1 -.1(wo)2.674 G
.174(uld be used as an \231escape clause\232 to ensure that messages are e).1 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G .174(ntually processed.).15 F F0 2.5(6.3.6. Refusing)102 380.4 R
(Incoming SMTP Connections)2.5 E F1 1.148(The function)142 396.6 R F2 -.37(re)
3.648 G(fuseconnections).37 E F1(returns)3.648 E F3(TR)3.648 E(UE)-.36 E F1
1.148(if incoming SMTP connections should be)3.648 F 3.564(refused. The)117
408.6 R 1.063(current implementation is based e)3.563 F(xclusi)-.15 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G 1.063(ly on the current load a).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.063(rage and the)
.15 F(refuse load a)117 420.6 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G(rage option \(option).15 E F0(X)
2.5 E F1 2.5(,g)C(lobal v)273.56 420.6 Q(ariable)-.25 E F2(RefuseLA)2.5 E F1
(\):)A(bool)157 436.8 Q(refuseconnections\(\))157 448.8 Q({)157 460.8 Q
(return \(CurrentLA >= RefuseLA\);)175 472.8 Q(})157 484.8 Q 2.5(Am)117 501 S
(ore cle)134.5 501 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G
(mplementation could look at more system resources.)179.08 501 Q F0 2.5
(6.3.7. Load)102 525 R -.6 -1(Av e)2.5 H(rage Computation)1 E F1 .243
(The routine)142 541.2 R F2 -.1(ge)2.743 G(tla).1 E F1 .243
(returns the current load a)2.743 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .243
(rage \(as a rounded inte).15 F 2.743(ger\). The)-.15 F(distrib)2.744 E(ution)
-.2 E(includes se)117 553.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ral possible implementations.).15
E F0 2.5(6.4. Con\214guration)87 577.2 R(in sr)2.5 E(c/daemon.c)-.18 E F1 .4
(The \214le)127 593.4 R F2(sr)2.9 E(c/daemon.c)-.37 E F1 .4
(contains a number of routines that are dependent on the local netw)2.9 F(ork-)
-.1 E(ing en)102 605.4 Q 2.5(vironment. The)-.4 F -.15(ve)2.5 G
(rsion supplied assumes you ha).15 E .3 -.15(ve B)-.2 H(SD style sock).15 E
(ets.)-.1 E 2.16(In pre)127 621.6 R 2.16
(vious releases, we recommended that you modify the routine)-.25 F F2
(maphostname)4.66 E F1 2.16(if you)4.66 F -.1(wa)102 633.6 S 1.919
(nted to generalize).1 F F0($[)4.418 E F1(...)4.418 E F0($])4.418 E F1 4.418
(lookups. W)4.418 F 4.418(en)-.8 G 2.418 -.25(ow r)293.906 633.6 T 1.918
(ecommend that you create a ne).25 F 4.418(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey)463.632 633.6 S
1.918(ed map).15 F(instead.)102 645.6 Q F0 2.5(7. CHANGES)72 669.6 R
(IN VERSION 8)2.5 E F1 .172(The follo)112 685.8 R .172
(wing summarizes changes since the last commonly a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G .173
(ilable v).25 F .173(ersion of)-.15 F F2(sendmail)2.673 E F1(\(5.67\):)2.673 E
EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-55)452.9 60 Q 2.5(7.1. Connection)87 96 R(Caching)2.5 E/F1 10
/Times-Roman@0 SF .398(Instead of closing SMTP connections immediately)127
112.2 R 2.897(,t)-.65 G .397(hose connections are cached for possible)339.005
112.2 R .597(future use.)102 124.2 R .597(The adv)5.597 F .597
(ent of MX records made this ef)-.15 F(fecti)-.25 E .897 -.15(ve f)-.25 H .598
(or mailing lists; in addition, substantial).15 F(performance impro)102 136.2 Q
-.15(ve)-.15 G(ments can be e).15 E(xpected for queue processing.)-.15 E F0 2.5
(7.2. MX)87 160.2 R(Piggybacking)2.5 E F1 1.258(If tw)127 176.4 R 3.757(oh)-.1
G 1.257(osts with dif)161.075 176.4 R 1.257
(ferent names in a single message happen to ha)-.25 F 1.557 -.15(ve t)-.2 H
1.257(he same set of MX).15 F .94(hosts, the)102 188.4 R 3.44(yc)-.15 G .94
(an be sent in the same transaction.)153.45 188.4 R -1.11(Ve)5.94 G .94
(rsion 8 notices this and tries to batch the mes-)1.11 F(sages.)102 200.4 Q F0
2.5(7.3. RFC)87 224.4 R(1123 Compliance)2.5 E F1 3.463(An)127 240.6 S .963
(umber of changes ha)142.683 240.6 R 1.262 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .962
(een made to mak).15 F(e)-.1 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.462 E F1 .962
(\231conditionally compliant\232 \(that is,)3.462 F F2(sendmail)102 252.6 Q F1
.049(satis\214es all of the \231MUST\232 clauses and most b)2.549 F .05
(ut not all of the \231SHOULD\232 clauses in RFC)-.2 F(1123\).)102 264.6 Q
(The major areas of change are \(numbers are RFC 1123 section numbers\):)127
280.8 Q 15(5.2.7 Response)102 297 R(to RCPT command is f)2.5 E(ast.)-.1 E 15
(5.2.8 Numeric)102 313.2 R(IP addresses are logged in Recei)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25
G(d: lines.).15 E 10(5.2.17 Self)102 329.4 R
(domain literal is properly handled.)2.5 E 15(5.3.2 Better)102 345.6 R
(control o)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(ri).15 G(ndi)220.02 345.6 Q
(vidual timeouts.)-.25 E 15(5.3.3 Error)102 361.8 R
(messages are sent as \231From:<>\232.)2.5 E 15(5.3.3 Error)102 378 R
(messages are ne)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rs).15 G(ent to \231<>\232.)246.28
378 Q 15(5.3.3 Route-addrs)102 394.2 R(are pruned.)2.5 E(The areas in which)102
410.4 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(is not \231unconditionally compliant\232 are:)2.5
E(5.2.6)102 426.6 Q F2(Sendmail)139.5 426.6 Q F1(does do header munging.)2.5 E
(5.2.10)102 442.8 Q F2(Sendmail)139.5 442.8 Q F1(doesn')2.5 E 2.5(ta)-.18 G -.1
(lwa)215.42 442.8 S(ys use the e).1 E(xact SMTP message te)-.15 E
(xt as listed in RFC 821.)-.15 E(5.3.1.1)102 459 Q F2(Sendmail)139.5 459 Q F1
(doesn')2.5 E 2.5(tg)-.18 G
(uarantee only one connect for each host in queue runs.)215.98 459 Q(5.3.1.1)
102 475.2 Q F2(Sendmail)139.5 475.2 Q F1(doesn')2.5 E 2.5(ta)-.18 G -.1(lwa)
215.42 475.2 S(ys pro).1 E(vide adequate concurrenc)-.15 E 2.5(yl)-.15 G
(imits.)366.54 475.2 Q F0 2.5(7.4. Extended)87 499.2 R(SMTP Support)2.5 E F1
-1.11(Ve)127 515.4 S .155(rsion 8 includes both sending and recei)1.11 F .154
(ving support for Extended SMTP support as de\214ned)-.25 F(by RFC 1425 \(basi\
c\) and RFC 1427 \(SIZE\); and limited support for RFC 1426 \(BOD)102 527.4 Q
(Y\).)-.55 E F0 2.5(7.5. Eight-Bit)87 551.4 R(Clean)2.5 E F1(Pre)127 567.6 Q
1.263(vious v)-.25 F 1.263(ersions of)-.15 F F2(sendmail)3.763 E F1 1.264
(used the 0200 bit for quoting.)3.763 F 1.264(This v)6.264 F 1.264(ersion a)
-.15 F -.2(vo)-.2 G 1.264(ids that use.).2 F(Ho)102 579.6 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G .8 -.4(r, f).15 H
(or compatibility with RFC 822, you can set option `7' to get se).4 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G 2.5(nb).15 G(it stripping.)418.86 579.6 Q(Indi)127 595.8 Q
(vidual mailers can still produce se)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(nb).15 G
(it output using the `7' mailer \215ag.)300.77 595.8 Q F0 2.5(7.6. User)87
619.8 R(Database)2.5 E F1 1.073(The user database is an as-yet e)127 636 R
1.072(xperimental attempt to pro)-.15 F 1.072(vide uni\214ed lar)-.15 F 1.072
(ge-site name sup-)-.18 F 2.5(port. W)102 648 R 2.5(ea)-.8 G
(re installing it at Berk)145.63 648 Q(ele)-.1 E(y; future v)-.15 E
(ersions may sho)-.15 E 2.5(ws)-.25 G(igni\214cant modi\214cations.)363.57 648
Q F0 2.5(7.7. Impr)87 672 R -.1(ove)-.18 G 2.5(dB).1 G(IND Support)158.01 672 Q
F1 .489(The BIND support, particularly for MX records, had a number of anno)127
688.2 R .49(ying \231features\232 which)-.1 F(ha)102 700.2 Q 1.212 -.15(ve b)
-.2 H .912(een remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.412(di).15 G 3.412(nt)187.116 700.2
S .912(his release.)198.308 700.2 R .912(In particular)5.912 F 3.412(,t)-.4 G
.912(hese more tightly bind \(pun intended\) the name)307.916 700.2 R(serv)102
712.2 Q(er to)-.15 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1 2.5(,s)C 2.5(ot)184.06 712.2 S
(hat the name serv)194.34 712.2 Q
(er resolution rules are incorporated directly into)-.15 E F0(sendmail)2.5 E F1
(.)A EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-56 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(7.8. K)87 96 R(ey)-.25 E(ed Files)
-.1 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .365(Generalized k)127 112.2 R -.15(ey)-.1 G .365
(ed \214les is an idea tak).15 F .365(en directly from)-.1 F/F2 9/Times-Roman@0
SF(ID)2.866 E(A)-.36 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.866 E F1 .366
(\(albeit with a completely)2.866 F(dif)102 124.2 Q(ferent implementation\).)
-.25 E(The)5 E 2.5(yc)-.15 G(an be useful on lar)239.63 124.2 Q(ge sites.)-.18
E -1.11(Ve)127 140.4 S(rsion 8 also understands YP)1.11 E(.)-1.11 E F0 2.5
(7.9. Multi-W)87 164.4 R(ord Classes)-.75 E F1(Classes can no)127 180.6 Q 2.5
(wb)-.25 G 2.5(em)200.35 180.6 S(ultiple w)215.07 180.6 Q 2.5(ords. F)-.1 F
(or e)-.15 E(xample,)-.15 E(CShofmann.CS.Berk)142 196.8 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)
-.15 G(EDU).65 E(allo)102 213 Q 2.664
(ws you to match the entire string \231hofmann.CS.Berk)-.25 F(ele)-.1 E -.65
(y.)-.15 G 2.663(EDU\232 using the single construct).65 F(\231$=S\232.)102 225
Q F0 2.5(7.10. Deferr)87 249 R(ed Macr)-.18 E 2.5(oE)-.18 G(xpansion)189.94 249
Q F1(The)127 265.2 Q F0($&)2.5 E F3(x)A F1(construct has been adopted from)2.5
E F2(ID)2.5 E(A)-.36 E F1(.)A F0 2.5(7.11. IDENT)87 289.2 R(Pr)2.5 E
(otocol Support)-.18 E F1
(The IDENT protocol as de\214ned in RFC 1413 is supported.)127 305.4 Q F0 2.5
(7.12. P)87 329.4 R(arsing Bug Fixes)-.1 E F1 4.03(An)127 345.6 S 1.53
(umber of small b)143.25 345.6 R 1.53(ugs ha)-.2 F 1.53
(ving to do with things lik)-.2 F 4.03(eb)-.1 G 1.53
(ackslash-escaped quotes inside of)364.72 345.6 R(comments ha)102 357.6 Q .3
-.15(ve b)-.2 H(een \214x).15 E(ed.)-.15 E F0 2.5(7.13. Separate)87 381.6 R(En)
2.5 E -.1(ve)-.4 G(lope/Header Pr).1 E(ocessing)-.18 E F1 .854
(Since the From: line is passed in separately from the en)127 397.8 R -.15(ve)
-.4 G .854(lope sender).15 F 3.354(,t)-.4 G .854(hese ha)420.978 397.8 R 1.154
-.15(ve b)-.2 H .854(oth been).15 F .427(made visible; the)102 409.8 R F0($g)
2.927 E F1 .427(macro is set to the en)2.927 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .428
(lope sender during processing of mailer ar).15 F .428(gument v)-.18 F(ec-)-.15
E(tors and the header sender during processing of headers.)102 421.8 Q .085
(It is also possible to specify separate per)127 438 R .085(-mailer en)-.2 F
-.15(ve)-.4 G .084(lope and header processing.).15 F(The)5.084 E F0(S)2.584 E
F1(ender)A(-)-.2 E -.55(RW)102 450 S .512(Set and).55 F F0(R)3.012 E F1
(ecipientR)A .512(Wset ar)-.55 F .512
(guments for mailers can be speci\214ed as)-.18 F F3(en)3.013 E(velope/header)
-.4 E F1 .513(to gi)3.013 F .813 -.15(ve d)-.25 H(if-).15 E(ferent re)102 462 Q
(writings for en)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.4 G(lope v).15 E(ersus header addresses.)-.15
E F0 2.5(7.14. Owner)87 486 R(-List Pr)-.37 E(opagates to En)-.18 E -.1(ve)-.4
G(lope).1 E F1 1.001(When an alias has an associated o)127 502.2 R 1
(wner\255list name, that alias is used to change the en)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G
(lope).15 E(sender address.)102 514.2 Q(This will cause do)5 E
(wnstream errors to be returned to that o)-.25 E(wner)-.25 E(.)-.55 E F0 2.5
(7.15. Dynamic)87 538.2 R(Header Allocation)2.5 E F1(The \214x)127 554.4 Q
(ed size limit on header lines has been eliminated.)-.15 E F0 2.5(7.16. New)87
578.4 R(Command Line Flags)2.5 E F1(The)127 594.6 Q F0<ad42>2.5 E F1
(\215ag has been added to pass in body type information.)2.5 E(The)127 610.8 Q
F0<ad70>2.5 E F1(\215ag has been added to pass in protocol information.)2.5 E
(The)127 627 Q F0<ad58>2.6 E F1 .1(\215ag has been added to allo)2.6 F 2.6(wl)
-.25 G .1(ogging of all protocol in and out of)279.89 627 R F3(sendmail)2.6 E
F1 .1(for deb)2.6 F(ug-)-.2 E(ging.)102 639 Q F0 2.5(7.17. Enhanced)87 663 R
(Command Line Flags)2.5 E F1(The)127 679.2 Q F0<ad71>4.007 E F1 1.507(\215ag c\
an limit limit a queue run to speci\214c recipients, senders, or queue ids usi\
ng)4.007 F F0(\255qR)102 691.2 Q F3(substring)A F0 2.5<2cad>C(qS)168.41 691.2 Q
F3(substring)A F0 2.5(,o)C 2.5<72ad>226.76 691.2 S(qI)239.4 691.2 Q F3
(substring)A F0 -.18(re)2.5 G(specti).18 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(ly).1 E(.)-.7 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-57)452.9 60 Q 2.5(7.18. New)87 96 R(and Old Con\214guration Line T)2.5
E(ypes)-.74 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(The)127 112.2 Q F0(T)2.766 E F1(\(T)2.766
E .267(rusted users\) con\214guration line has been deleted.)-.35 F .267
(It will still be accepted b)5.267 F .267(ut will be)-.2 F(ignored.)102 124.2 Q
(The)127 140.4 Q F0(K)2.5 E F1(line has been added to declare database maps.)
2.5 E(The)127 156.6 Q F0(V)2.5 E F1
(line has been added to declare the con\214guration v)2.5 E(ersion le)-.15 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G(l.).15 E(The)127 172.8 Q F0(M)2.797 E F1 .296(line has a \231D=\
\232 \214eld that lets you change into a temporary directory while that mailer)
2.797 F(is running.)102 184.8 Q F0 2.5(7.19. New)87 208.8 R(Options)2.5 E F1
(Se)127 225 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .9(ral ne).15 F 3.4(wo)-.25 G .9(ptions ha)184.8
225 R 1.2 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .9(een added, man).15 F 3.4(yt)-.15 G 3.4(os)314.89
225 S .9(upport ne)327.18 225 R 3.4(wf)-.25 G .9(eatures, others to allo)379.83
225 R 3.4(wt)-.25 G(uning)481.22 225 Q 1.187(that w)102 237 R 1.187(as pre)-.1
F 1.187(viously a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G 1.187(ilable only by recompiling.).25 F
(The)6.186 E 3.686(ya)-.15 G 1.186(re described in detail in Section 5.1.5.)
345.514 237 R(Brie\215y)102 249 Q(,)-.65 E 31(bI)102 265.2 S
(nsist on a minimum number of disk blocks.)141.33 265.2 Q 29.33(CS)102 281.4 S
(et checkpoint interv)143.56 281.4 Q(al.)-.25 E 29.89(ED)102 297.6 S(ef)145.22
297.6 Q(ault error message.)-.1 E 28.78(GE)102 313.8 S(nable GECOS matching.)
144.11 313.8 Q 31(hM)102 330 S(aximum hop count.)146.89 330 Q 33.22(jS)102
346.2 S(end errors in MIME-encapsulated format.)143.56 346.2 Q 32.11(JF)102
362.4 S(orw)143.41 362.4 Q(ard \214le path.)-.1 E 31(kC)102 378.6 S
(onnection cache size)144.67 378.6 Q 28.78(KC)102 394.8 S
(onnection cache lifetime.)144.67 394.8 Q 33.22(lE)102 411 S .333
(nable Errors-T)144.11 411 R .333(o: header)-.8 F 5.334(.T)-.55 G .334
(hese headers violate RFC 1123; this option is included to pro-)252.89 411 R
(vide back compatibility with old v)138 423 Q(ersions of)-.15 E/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.5 E F1(.)A 28.78(OS)102 439.2 S
(et incoming SMTP daemon options, such as an alternate SMTP port.)143.56 439.2
Q 31(pP)102 455.4 S(ri)143.56 455.4 Q -.25(va)-.25 G .3 -.15(cy o).25 H
(ptions.).15 E 29.33(RD)102 471.6 S(on')145.22 471.6 Q 2.5(tp)-.18 G
(rune route-addrs.)168.65 471.6 Q 28.78(UU)102 487.8 S(ser database spec.)
145.22 487.8 Q 28.78(VF)102 504 S(allback \231MX\232 host.)143.41 504 Q 28.78
<7799>102 520.2 S(Best MX\232 handling technique.)142.44 520.2 Q 31(7D)102
536.4 S 2.5(on)145.22 536.4 S(ot run eight bit clean.)157.72 536.4 Q F0 2.5
(7.20. Extended)87 560.4 R(Options)2.5 E F1(The)127 576.6 Q F0(r)3.764 E F1
1.264(\(read timeout\),)3.764 F F0(I)3.764 E F1 1.264(\(use BIND\), and)3.764 F
F0(T)3.764 E F1 1.264(\(queue timeout\) options ha)3.764 F 1.564 -.15(ve b)-.2
H 1.264(een e).15 F 1.264(xtended to)-.15 F(pass in more information.)102 588.6
Q F0 2.5(7.21. New)87 612.6 R(Mailer Flags)2.5 E F1(Se)127 628.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25
G(ral ne).15 E 2.5(wm)-.25 G(ailer \215ags ha)185.78 628.8 Q .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H
(een added.).15 E 31.56(aT)102 645 S .636
(ry to use ESMTP when creating a connection.)143.76 645 R .636
(If this is not set,)5.636 F F2(sendmail)3.136 E F1 .636(will still try if)
3.136 F .221(the other end hints that it kno)138 657 R .22
(ws about ESMTP in its greeting message; this \215ag says to try)-.25 F -2.15
-.25(ev e)138 669 T 2.595(ni).25 G 2.595(fi)161.855 669 S 2.595(td)170.56 669 S
(oesn')180.935 669 Q 2.595(th)-.18 G 2.595(int. If)212.79 669 R .095
(the EHLO \(e)2.595 F .095(xtended hello\) command f)-.15 F(ails,)-.1 E F2
(sendmail)2.596 E F1 -.1(fa)2.596 G .096(lls back to).1 F(old SMTP)138 681 Q(.)
-1.11 E 31(bE)102 697.2 S
(nsure that there is a blank line at the end of all messages.)144.11 697.2 Q
31.56(cS)102 713.4 S .68(trip all comments from addresses; this should only be\
 used as a last resort when dealing)143.56 713.4 R(with crank)138 725.4 Q 2.5
(ym)-.15 G(ailers.)195.62 725.4 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-58 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 31(gN)102 96 S
-2.15 -.25(ev e)145.22 96 T 2.64(ru).25 G .14(se the null sender as the en)
169.67 96 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .141(lope sender).15 F 2.641(,e)-.4 G -.15(ve)341.495
96 S 2.641(nw).15 G .141(hen running SMTP)365.646 96 R 5.141(.A)-1.11 G .141
(lthough this)456.349 96 R 1.521(violates RFC 1123, it may be necessary when y\
ou must deal with some obnoxious old)138 108 R(hosts.)138 120 Q 31(7S)102 136.2
S(trip all output to 7 bits.)143.56 136.2 Q F0 2.5(7.22. New)87 160.2 R(Pr)2.5
E(e-De\214ned Macr)-.18 E(os)-.18 E F1(The follo)127 176.4 Q
(wing macros are pre-de\214ned:)-.25 E 23.5($k The)102 192.6 R
(UUCP node name, nominally from)2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(uname)2.5 E F1
(\(2\) call.)A 20.72($m The)102 208.8 R(domain part of our full hostname.)2.5 E
23.5($_ The)102 225 R(RFC 1413-pro)2.5 E(vided sender address.)-.15 E F0 2.5
(7.23. New)87 249 R(LHS T)2.5 E(ok)-.92 E(en)-.1 E F1 -1.11(Ve)127 265.2 S
1.375(rsion 8 allo)1.11 F(ws)-.25 E F0($@)3.875 E F1 1.376
(on the Left Hand Side of an \231R\232 line to match zero tok)3.875 F 3.876
(ens. This)-.1 F(is)3.876 E(intended to be used to match the null input.)102
277.2 Q F0 2.5(7.24. Bigger)87 301.2 R(Defaults)2.5 E F1 -1.11(Ve)127 317.4 S
1.284(rsion 8 allo)1.11 F 1.284(ws up to 100 rulesets instead of 30.)-.25 F
1.283(It is recommended that rulesets 0\2559 be)6.284 F(reserv)102 329.4 Q
(ed for)-.15 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1 1.1 -.55('s d)D
(edicated use in future releases.).55 E
(The total number of MX records that can be used has been raised to 20.)127
345.6 Q .335(The number of queued messages that can be handled at one time has\
 been raised from 600 to)127 361.8 R(1000.)102 373.8 Q F0 2.5(7.25. Differ)87
397.8 R(ent Default T)-.18 E(uning P)-.92 E(arameters)-.1 E F1 -1.11(Ve)127 414
S .8(rsion 8 has changed the def)1.11 F .8
(ault parameters for tuning queue costs to mak)-.1 F 3.3(et)-.1 G .8
(he number of)449.08 414 R .712(recipients more important than the size of the\
 message \(for small messages\).)102 426 R .712(This is reasonable if)5.712 F
(you are connected with reasonably f)102 438 Q(ast links.)-.1 E F0 2.5(7.26. A)
87 462 R(uto-Quoting in Addr)-.5 E(esses)-.18 E F1(Pre)127 478.2 Q(viously)-.25
E 2.611(,t)-.65 G .111(he \231Full Name <email address>\232 syntax w)176.771
478.2 R .111(ould generate incorrect protocol output)-.1 F
(if \231Full Name\232 had special characters such as dot.)102 490.2 Q(This v)5
E(ersion puts quotes around such names.)-.15 E F0 2.5(7.27. Symbolic)87 514.2 R
(Names On Err)2.5 E(or Mailer)-.18 E F1(Se)127 530.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ral names ha).15 E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een b).15 E
(uilt in to the $@ portion of the $#error mailer)-.2 E(.)-.55 E F0 2.5
(7.28. SMTP)87 554.4 R(VRFY Doesn't Expand)2.5 E F1(Pre)127 570.6 Q 1.437
(vious v)-.25 F 1.437(ersions of)-.15 F F2(sendmail)3.937 E F1 1.438
(treated VRFY and EXPN the same.)3.937 F 1.438(In this v)6.438 F 1.438
(ersion, VRFY)-.15 F(doesn')102 582.6 Q 2.5(te)-.18 G(xpand aliases or follo)
138.05 582.6 Q 2.5(w.)-.25 G(forw)235.84 582.6 Q(ard \214les.)-.1 E
(EXPN still does.)5 E .682(As an optimization, if you run with your def)127
598.8 R .681(ault deli)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .681
(ry mode being queue-only or deli).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -.2(r-).15 G 1.582
(in-background, the RCPT command will also not chase aliases and .forw)102
610.8 R 1.582(ard \214les.)-.1 F 1.583(It will chase)6.582 F
(them when it processes the queue.)102 622.8 Q F0 2.5(7.29. [IPC])87 646.8 R
(Mailers Allo)2.5 E 2.5(wM)-.1 G(ultiple Hosts)210.49 646.8 Q F1 .448
(When an address resolv)127 663 R .448
(es to a mailer that has \231[IPC]\232 as its \231P)-.15 F .447
(ath\232, the $@ part \(host name\))-.15 F .137
(can be a colon-separated list of hosts instead of a single hostname.)102 675 R
.138(This asks)5.138 F F2(sendmail)2.638 E F1 .138(to search the)2.638 F .161
(list for the \214rst entry that is a)102 687 R -.25(va)-.2 G .161(ilable e).25
F .16(xactly as though it were an MX record.)-.15 F .16(The intent is to route)
5.16 F .737(internal traf)102 699 R .738(\214c through internal netw)-.25 F
.738(orks without publishing an MX record to the net.)-.1 F .738(MX e)5.738 F
(xpan-)-.15 E(sion is still done on the indi)102 711 Q(vidual items.)-.25 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-59)452.9 60 Q 2.5(7.30. Aliases)87 96 R(Extended)2.5 E/F1 10
/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.457(The implementation has been mer)127 112.2 R 1.457
(ged with maps.)-.18 F 1.456(Among other things, this supports NIS-)6.457 F
(based aliases.)102 124.2 Q F0 2.5(7.31. P)87 148.2 R
(ortability and Security Enhancements)-.2 E F1 2.5(An)127 164.4 S
(umber of internal changes ha)141.72 164.4 Q .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H
(een made to enhance portability).15 E(.)-.65 E(Se)127 180.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ral \214x).15 E(es ha)-.15 E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H
(een made to increase the paranoia f).15 E(actor)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F0 2.5
(7.32. Miscellaneous)87 204.6 R(Changes)2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Sendmail)
127 220.8 Q F1(writes a)2.5 E F2(/etc/sendmail.pid)2.5 E F1
(\214le with the current process id of the SMTP daemon.)2.5 E -1 -.8(Tw o)127
237 T 1.646(people using the same program in their .forw)4.946 F 1.647
(ard \214le are considered dif)-.1 F 1.647(ferent so that)-.25 F
(duplicate elimination doesn')102 249 Q 2.5(td)-.18 G(elete one of them.)225.98
249 Q(The)127 265.2 Q F2(mailstats)3.181 E F1 .681
(program prints mailer names and gets the location of the)3.181 F F2
(sendmail.st)3.18 E F1 .68(\214le from)3.18 F F2(/etc/sendmail.cf)102 277.2 Q
F1(.)A(Man)127 293.4 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G(inor b)160.46 293.4 Q(ugs ha)-.2 E .3 -.15
(ve b)-.2 H(een \214x).15 E
(ed, such as handling of backslashes inside of quotes.)-.15 E 2.5(Ah)127 309.6
S(ook \(ruleset 5\) has been added to allo)141.72 309.6 Q 2.5(wr)-.25 G -.25
(ew)304.21 309.6 S(riting of local addresses after aliasing.).25 E F0 2.5(8. A)
72 333.6 R(CKNO)-.55 E(WLEDGEMENTS)-.5 E F1(I')112 349.8 Q 2.036 -.15(ve w)-.5
H(ork).05 E 1.737(ed on)-.1 F F2(sendmail)4.237 E F1 1.737(for man)4.237 F
4.237(yy)-.15 G 1.737(ears, and man)267.501 349.8 R 4.237(ye)-.15 G(mplo)
339.762 349.8 Q 1.737(yers ha)-.1 F 2.037 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.737
(een remarkably patient).15 F .404(about letting me w)87 361.8 R .404
(ork on a lar)-.1 F .404(ge project that w)-.18 F .403(as not part of my of)-.1
F .403(\214cial job)-.25 F 5.403(.T)-.4 G .403(his includes time on the)407.388
361.8 R(INGRES Project at Berk)87 373.8 Q(ele)-.1 E 1.3 -.65(y, a)-.15 H 2.5
(tB).65 G(ritton Lee, and ag)222.75 373.8 Q(ain on the Mammoth Project at Berk)
-.05 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G .453(Much of the second w)112 390 R -2.25 -.2
(av e)-.1 H .453(of impro)3.153 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .453
(ments should be credited to Bryan Costales of ICSI.).15 F .454(As he)5.454 F
.781(passed me drafts of his book on)87 402 R F2(sendmail)3.281 E F1 3.281(Iw)
3.281 G .781(as inspired to start w)274.741 402 R .781(orking on things ag)-.1
F 3.281(ain. Bryan)-.05 F -.1(wa)3.281 G(s).1 E(also a)87 414 Q -.25(va)-.2 G
(ilable to bounce ideas of).25 E 2.5(fo)-.25 G(f.)227.38 414 Q(Man)112 430.2 Q
2.856 -.65(y, m)-.15 H(an).65 E 4.056(yp)-.15 G 1.556(eople contrib)172.212
430.2 R 1.556(uted chunks of code and ideas to)-.2 F F2(sendmail)4.056 E F1
6.556(.I)C 4.056(th)418.476 430.2 S 1.557(as pro)430.312 430.2 R -.15(ve)-.15 G
4.057(nt).15 G 4.057(ob)477.006 430.2 S 4.057(ea)491.063 430.2 S .464
(group netw)87 442.2 R .464(ork ef)-.1 F 2.964(fort. V)-.25 F .464
(ersion 8 in particular w)-1.11 F .463(as a group project.)-.1 F .463
(The follo)5.463 F .463(wing people made notable)-.25 F(contrib)87 454.2 Q
(utions:)-.2 E -.25(Ke)127 470.4 S(ith Bostic, CSRG, Uni).25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
(rsity of California, Berk).15 E(ele)-.1 E(y)-.15 E(Michael J. Corrig)127 482.4
Q(an, Uni)-.05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity of California, San Die).15 E(go)-.15 E
(Bryan Costales, International Computer Science Institute)127 494.4 Q -.15(Pa)
127 506.4 S -.5(..)132.298 500.4 S 2.5(r\()136.85 506.4 S(Pell\) Emanuelsson)
146.01 506.4 Q(Craig Ev)127 518.4 Q(erhart, T)-.15 E(ransarc Corporation)-.35 E
-.8(To)127 530.4 S 2.5(mI).8 G -.25(va)150.92 530.4 S 2.5(rH).25 G
(elbekkmo, Norwe)173.16 530.4 Q(gian School of Economics)-.15 E
(Allan E. Johannesen, WPI)127 542.4 Q(Jonathan Kamens, OpenV)127 554.4 Q
(ision T)-.6 E(echnologies, Inc.)-.7 E -.8(Ta)127 566.4 S
(kahiro Kanbe, Fuji Xerox Information Systems Co., Ltd.).8 E(Brian Kantor)127
578.4 Q 2.5(,U)-.4 G(ni)191.31 578.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(rsity of California, San Die).15 E(go)-.15 E(Murray S. K)127 590.4 Q(uchera)
-.15 E(wy)-.15 E 2.5(,H)-.65 G(ookUp Communication Corp.)227.41 590.4 Q
(Bruce Lilly)127 602.4 Q 2.5(,S)-.65 G(on)182.74 602.4 Q 2.5(yU)-.15 G(.S.)
207.31 602.4 Q(Karl London)127 614.4 Q(Nakamura Motonori, K)127 626.4 Q
(yoto Uni)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity).15 E(John Gardiner Myers, Carne)127
638.4 Q(gie Mellon Uni)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity).15 E(Neil Rick)127 650.4 Q
(ert, Northern Illinois Uni)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity).15 E
(Eric Schnoebelen, Con)127 662.4 Q .3 -.15(vex C)-.4 H(omputer Corp.).15 E
(Eric W)127 674.4 Q(assenaar)-.8 E 2.5(,N)-.4 G
(ational Institute for Nuclear and High Ener)200.49 674.4 Q(gy Ph)-.18 E
(ysics, Amsterdam)-.05 E(Christophe W)127 686.4 Q(olfhugel, Herv)-.8 E 2.5(eS)
-.15 G(chauer Consultants \(P)252.7 686.4 Q(aris\))-.15 E 2.687(Ia)87 702.6 S
.187(pologize for an)97.457 702.6 R .188(yone I ha)-.15 F .488 -.15(ve o)-.2 H
.188(mitted, misspelled, misattrib).15 F .188(uted, or otherwise missed.)-.2 F
(Man)5.188 E 2.688(yo)-.15 G .188(ther peo-)467.992 702.6 R(ple ha)87 714.6 Q
.3 -.15(ve c)-.2 H(ontrib).15 E(uted ideas, comments, and encouragement.)-.2 E
2.5(Ia)5 G(ppreciate their contrib)338.06 714.6 Q(ution as well.)-.2 E EP
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/F0 12/Times-Bold@0 SF 3(APPENDIX A)257.172 98.4 R(COMMAND LINE FLA)224.832
141.6 Q(GS)-.66 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(Ar)97 201 Q
(guments must be presented with \215ags before addresses.)-.18 E
(The \215ags are:)5 E<ad62>72 217.2 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(x)A F1
(Set operation mode to)144 217.2 Q F2(x)2.5 E F1 5(.O)C(peration modes are:)
253.71 217.2 Q 12.22(mD)184 233.4 S(eli)211.22 233.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rm)
.15 G(ail \(def)243.87 233.4 Q(ault\))-.1 E 16.11(sS)184 245.4 S
(peak SMTP on input side)209.56 245.4 Q 15(dR)184 257.4 S(un as a daemon)210.67
257.4 Q 17.22(tR)184 269.4 S(un in test mode)210.67 269.4 Q 15(vJ)184 281.4 S
(ust v)207.89 281.4 Q(erify addresses, don')-.15 E 2.5(tc)-.18 G
(ollect or deli)319.48 281.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E 17.22(iI)184 293.4 S
(nitialize the alias database)207.33 293.4 Q 15(pP)184 305.4 S
(rint the mail queue)209.56 305.4 Q<ad42>72 325.8 Q F2(type)A F1
(Indicate body type.)144 325.8 Q<ad43>72 342 Q F2(\214le)A F1 .947(Use a dif)
144 342 R .946(ferent con\214guration \214le.)-.25 F F2(Sendmail)5.946 E F1
.946(runs as the in)3.446 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .946(king user \(rather than root\)).2
F(when this \215ag is speci\214ed.)144 354 Q<ad64>72 370.2 Q F2(le)A(vel)-.15 E
F1(Set deb)144 370.2 Q(ugging le)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(l.).15 E<ad66>72 386.4 Q
F2(addr)2.5 E F1(The sender')144 386.4 Q 2.5(sm)-.55 G(achine address is)205.1
386.4 Q F2(addr)2.5 E F1(.)A<ad46>72 402.6 Q F2(name)A F1
(Sets the full name of this user to)144 402.6 Q F2(name)2.5 E F1(.)A<ad68>72
418.8 Q F2(cnt)2.5 E F1 .725(Sets the \231hop count\232 to)144 418.8 R F2(cnt)
3.225 E F1 5.725(.T)C .726
(his represents the number of times this message has been)269.45 418.8 R .02
(processed by)144 430.8 R F2(sendmail)2.52 E F1 .02(\(to the e)2.52 F .02
(xtent that it is supported by the underlying netw)-.15 F(orks\).)-.1 E F2(Cnt)
5.02 E F1 1.521
(is incremented during processing, and if it reaches MAXHOP \(currently 30\))
144 442.8 R F2(sendmail)4.021 E F1(thro)144 454.8 Q(ws a)-.25 E -.1(wa)-.15 G
2.5(yt).1 G(he message with an error)199.6 454.8 Q(.)-.55 E 58.86(\255n Don')72
471 R 2.5(td)-.18 G 2.5(oa)174.65 471 S(liasing or forw)186.59 471 Q(arding.)
-.1 E<ad72>72 487.2 Q F2(addr)2.5 E F1(An obsolete form of)144 487.2 Q/F3 10
/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad66>2.5 E F1(.)A<ad6f>72 503.4 Q F2 1.666(xv)C(alue)-1.666 E
F1(Set option)144 503.4 Q F2(x)2.5 E F1(to the speci\214ed)2.5 E F2(value)2.5 E
F1 5(.T)C(hese options are described in Appendix B.)292.6 503.4 Q<ad70>72 519.6
Q F2(pr)A(otocol)-.45 E F1 .401(Set the sending protocol.)144 519.6 R .401
(Programs are encouraged to set this.)5.401 F .4(The protocol \214eld can be)
5.401 F .114(in the form)144 531.6 R F2(pr)2.614 E(otocol)-.45 E F3(:)A F2
(host)A F1 .114(to set both the sending protocol and sending host.)2.614 F -.15
(Fo)5.115 G 2.615(re).15 G(xample,)472.06 531.6 Q 2.147(\231\255pUUCP:uunet\
\232 sets the sending protocol to UUCP and the sending host to uunet.)144 543.6
R .973(\(Some e)144 555.6 R .974
(xisting programs use \255oM to set the r and s macros; this is equi)-.15 F
-.25(va)-.25 G .974(lent to using).25 F(\255p.\))144 567.6 Q<ad71>72 583.8 Q F2
(time)A F1 -.35(Tr)144 583.8 S 3.168(yt).35 G 3.167(op)164.038 583.8 S .667
(rocess the queued up mail.)177.205 583.8 R .667(If the time is gi)5.667 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G .667(n, a).15 F F2(sendmail)3.167 E F1 .667(will run through the)
3.167 F(queue at the speci\214ed interv)144 595.8 Q(al to deli)-.25 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G 2.5(rq).15 G(ueued mail; otherwise, it only runs once.)310.82 595.8 Q
<ad71>72 612 Q F2(Xstring)A F1 .312
(Run the queue once, limiting the jobs to those matching)144 612 R F2(Xstring)
2.813 E F1 5.313(.T)C .313(he k)416.325 612 R .613 -.15(ey l)-.1 H(etter).15 E
F2(X)2.813 E F1 .313(can be)2.813 F F3(I)144 624 Q F1 .671
(to limit based on queue identi\214er)3.171 F(,)-.4 E F3(R)3.171 E F1 .67
(to limit based on recipient, or)3.171 F F3(S)3.17 E F1 .67(to limit based on)
3.17 F(sender)144 636 Q 6.053(.A)-.55 G 1.054
(particular queued job is accepted if one of the corresponding addresses con-)
188.876 636 R(tains the indicated)144 648 Q F2(string)2.5 E F1(.)A 61.08
(\255t Read)72 664.2 R .752(the header for \231T)3.252 F .752
(o:\232, \231Cc:\232, and \231Bcc:\232 lines, and send to e)-.8 F -.15(ve)-.25
G .752(ryone listed in those).15 F 2.539(lists. The)144 676.2 R .039
(\231Bcc:\232 line will be deleted before sending.)2.539 F(An)5.039 E 2.539(ya)
-.15 G .04(ddresses in the ar)385.31 676.2 R .04(gument v)-.18 F(ec-)-.15 E
(tor will be deleted from the send list.)144 688.2 Q<ad58>72 704.4 Q F2(lo)3.18
E(g\214le)-.1 E F1 .68(Log all traf)144.68 704.4 R .68(\214c in and out of)-.25
F F2(sendmail)3.179 E F1 .679(in the indicated)3.179 F F2(lo)3.179 E(g\214le)
-.1 E F1 .679(for deb)3.179 F .679(ugging mailer prob-)-.2 F 2.5(lems. This)144
716.4 R(produces a lot of data v)2.5 E
(ery quickly and should be used sparingly)-.15 E(.)-.65 E F3 193.36
(SMM:08-60 Sendmail)72 756 R(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-61)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .637
(There are a number of options that may be speci\214ed as primiti)97 96 R .938
-.15(ve \215)-.25 H 3.138(ags. These).15 F .638(are the e, i, m, and v)3.138 F
2.5(options. Also,)72 108 R(the f option may be speci\214ed as the)2.5 E F0
<ad73>2.5 E F1(\215ag.)2.5 E EP
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/F0 12/Times-Bold@0 SF 3(APPENDIX B)250.002 98.4 R -.12(QU)220.29 141.6 S
(EUE FILE FORMA).12 E(TS)-1.14 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .292
(This appendix describes the format of the queue \214les.)97 201 R .292
(These \214les li)5.292 F .592 -.15(ve i)-.25 H 2.792(nt).15 G .291
(he directory de\214ned by the)395.636 201 R/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Q)72 213 Q
F1(option in the)2.5 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1
(\214le, usually)2.5 E F3(/var/spool/mqueue)2.5 E F1(or)2.5 E F3
(/usr/spool/mqueue)2.5 E F1(.)A .229(All queue \214les ha)97 229.2 R .529 -.15
(ve t)-.2 H .229(he name).15 F F3(x)2.729 E F2(f)1.666 E F3(AAA99999)A F1
(where)2.73 E F3(AAA99999)2.73 E F1 .23(is the)2.73 F F3(id)2.73 E F1 .23
(for this message and the)2.73 F F3(x)2.73 E F1 .23(is a)2.73 F 3.601
(type. The)72 241.2 R 1.101
(\214rst letter of the id encodes the hour of the day that the message w)3.601
F 1.101(as recei)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.601(db).15 G 3.601(yt)451.798 241.2 S
1.101(he system)463.179 241.2 R .551
(\(with A being the hour between midnight and 1:00AM\).)72 253.2 R .552
(All \214les with the same id collecti)5.552 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .552
(ly de\214ne one).15 F(message.)72 265.2 Q(The types are:)97 281.4 Q 31(dT)72
297.6 S(he data \214le.)114.11 297.6 Q(The message body \(e)5 E
(xcluding the header\) is k)-.15 E(ept in this \214le.)-.1 E 33.22(lT)72 313.8
S .312(he lock \214le.)114.11 313.8 R .312(If this \214le e)5.312 F .311
(xists, the job is currently being processed, and a queue run will not pro-)
-.15 F .523(cess the \214le.)108 325.8 R -.15(Fo)5.524 G 3.024(rt).15 G .524
(hat reason, an e)183.274 325.8 R(xtraneous)-.15 E F2(lf)3.024 E F1 .524
(\214le can cause a job to apparently disappear \(it will)3.024 F .285(not e)
108 337.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.785(nt).15 G .284(ime out!\).)147.61 337.8 R
([Actually)5.284 E 2.784(,t)-.65 G .284
(his \214le is obsolete on most systems that support the)237.802 337.8 R F2
(\215ock)2.784 E F1(or)2.784 E F2(lockf)2.784 E F1(system calls.])108 349.8 Q
31(nT)72 366 S .348(his \214le is created when an id is being created.)114.11
366 R .348(It is a separate \214le to insure that no mail can e)5.348 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E .805(be destro)108 378 R .805(yed due to a race condition.)
-.1 F .805(It should e)5.805 F .805(xist for no more than a fe)-.15 F 3.305(wm)
-.25 G .805(illiseconds at an)433.1 378 R(y)-.15 E(gi)108 390 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
2.5(nt).15 G 2.5(ime. [This)135.1 390 R(is only used on old v)2.5 E(ersions of)
-.15 E F3(sendmail)2.5 E F1 2.5(;i)C 2.5(ti)349.95 390 S 2.5(sn)358.01 390 S
(ot used on ne)369.4 390 Q(wer v)-.25 E(ersions.])-.15 E 31(qT)72 406.2 S
(he queue control \214le.)114.11 406.2 Q
(This \214le contains the information necessary to process the job)5 E(.)-.4 E
33.22(tA)72 422.4 S .344(temporary \214le.)118.064 422.4 R .344
(These are an image of the)5.344 F F2(qf)2.844 E F1 .344
(\214le when it is being reb)2.844 F 2.845(uilt. It)-.2 F .345
(should be renamed)2.845 F(to a)108 434.4 Q F2(qf)2.5 E F1(\214le v)2.5 E
(ery quickly)-.15 E(.)-.65 E 31(xA)72 450.6 S .567(transcript \214le, e)118.287
450.6 R .567(xisting during the life of a session sho)-.15 F .566(wing e)-.25 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G .566(rything that happens during that).15 F(session.)108 462.6 Q
(The)97 478.8 Q F2(qf)3.333 E F1 .833
(\214le is structured as a series of lines each be)3.333 F .834
(ginning with a code letter)-.15 F 5.834(.T)-.55 G .834(he lines are as fol-)
427.354 478.8 R(lo)72 490.8 Q(ws:)-.25 E 28.78(DT)72 507 S
(he name of the data \214le.)114.11 507 Q
(There may only be one of these lines.)5 E 28.78(HA)72 523.2 S .33
(header de\214nition.)118.05 523.2 R .33(There may be an)5.33 F 2.829(yn)-.15 G
.329(umber of these lines.)274.289 523.2 R .329(The order is important: the)
5.329 F 2.829(yr)-.15 G(epre-)483.46 523.2 Q .046
(sent the order in the \214nal message.)108 535.2 R .046
(These use the same syntax as header de\214nitions in the con\214gu-)5.046 F
(ration \214le.)108 547.2 Q 29.33(CT)72 563.4 S .575(he controlling address.)
114.11 563.4 R .575(The syntax is \231localuser:aliasname\232.)5.575 F .575
(Recipient addresses follo)5.575 F .575(wing this)-.25 F 2.814
(line will be \215agged so that deli)108 575.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.814
(ries will be run as the).15 F F3(localuser)5.314 E F1 2.814
(\(a user name from the)5.314 F .562(/etc/passwd \214le\);)108 587.4 R F3
(aliasname)3.062 E F1 .561(is the name of the alias that e)3.062 F .561
(xpanded to this address \(used for print-)-.15 F(ing messages\).)108 599.4 Q
29.33(RA)72 615.6 S .705(recipient address.)118.425 615.6 R .705
(This will normally be completely aliased, b)5.705 F .705
(ut is actually realiased when the)-.2 F(job is processed.)108 627.6 Q
(There will be one line for each recipient.)5 E 30.44(ST)72 643.8 S
(he sender address.)114.11 643.8 Q(There may only be one of these lines.)5 E
29.89(EA)72 660 S 3.742(ne)115.22 660 S 1.242(rror address.)128.402 660 R 1.242
(If an)6.242 F 3.742(ys)-.15 G 1.241(uch lines e)218.19 660 R 1.241(xist, the)
-.15 F 3.741(yr)-.15 G 1.241(epresent the addresses that should recei)308.124
660 R 1.541 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(rror).15 E(messages.)108 672 Q 29.89(TT)72 688.2 S
(he job creation time.)114.11 688.2 Q
(This is used to compute when to time out the job)5 E(.)-.4 E 30.44(PT)72 704.4
S .113(he current message priority)114.11 704.4 R 5.113(.T)-.65 G .113
(his is used to order the queue.)236.662 704.4 R .114(Higher numbers mean lo)
5.114 F .114(wer priori-)-.25 F 3.677(ties. The)108 716.4 R 1.176
(priority changes as the message sits in the queue.)3.677 F 1.176
(The initial priority depends on the)6.176 F F2 193.36(SMM:08-62 Sendmail)72
756 R(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-63)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(message class and the size of the message.)108 96 Q 27.11(MA)72 112.2 S 2.703
(message. This)117.923 112.2 R .203(line is printed by the)2.703 F/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(mailq)2.703 E F1 .204
(command, and is generally used to store status infor)2.704 F(-)-.2 E 2.5
(mation. It)108 124.2 R(can contain an)2.5 E 2.5(yt)-.15 G -.15(ex)219.78 124.2
S(t.).15 E 30.44(FF)72 140.4 S .044
(lag bits, represented as one letter per \215ag.)113.56 140.4 R .043
(De\214ned \215ag bits are)5.043 F F0(r)2.543 E F1 .043
(indicating that this is a response)2.543 F .142(message and)108 152.4 R F0(w)
2.642 E F1 .142(indicating that a w)2.642 F .143
(arning message has been sent announcing that the mail has been)-.1 F(delayed.)
108 164.4 Q 31($A)72 180.6 S .83(macro de\214nition.)118.55 180.6 R .83(The v)
5.83 F .829(alues of certain macros \(as of this writing, only)-.25 F F0($r)
3.329 E F1(and)3.329 E F0($s)3.329 E F1 3.329(\)a)C .829(re passed)466.241
180.6 R(through to the queue run phase.)108 192.6 Q 29.33(BT)72 208.8 S .924
(he body type.)114.11 208.8 R .925(The remainder of the line is a te)5.924 F
.925(xt string de\214ning the body type.)-.15 F .925(If this \214eld is)5.925 F
.009(missing, the body type is assumed to be \231unde\214ned\232 and no specia\
l processing is attempted.)108 220.8 R(Le)5.008 E -.05(ga)-.15 G(l).05 E -.25
(va)108 232.8 S(lues are \2317BIT\232 and \2318BITMIME\232.).25 E 4.072
(As an e)97 249 R 4.072(xample, the follo)-.15 F 4.073
(wing is a queue \214le sent to \231eric@mammoth.Berk)-.25 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)
-.15 G 4.073(EDU\232 and).65 F(\231bostic@ok)72 263 Q(eef)-.1 E(fe.CS.Berk)-.25
E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\232).65 E/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(1)219.09 259 Q
F1(:)222.59 263 Q(P835771)112 279.2 Q(T404261372)112 291.2 Q(DdfAAA13557)112
303.2 Q(Seric)112 315.2 Q(Eo)112 327.2 Q(wner)-.25 E(-sendmail@v)-.2 E
(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(Ceric:sendmail@v)112
339.2 Q(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E
(Reric@mammoth.Berk)112 351.2 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(Rbostic@ok)
112 363.2 Q(eef)-.1 E(fe.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E
(H?P?return-path: <o)112 375.2 Q(wner)-.25 E(-sendmail@v)-.2 E(angogh.CS.Berk)
-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU>).65 E(Hrecei)112 387.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(d: by v).15 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G
(EDU \(5.108/2.7\) id AAA06703;).65 E(Fri, 17 Jul 92 00:28:55 -0700)132 399.2 Q
(Hrecei)112 411.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(d: from mail.CS.Berk).15 E(ele)-.1 E -.65
(y.)-.15 G(EDU by v).65 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G
(EDU \(5.108/2.7\)).65 E(id AAA06698; Fri, 17 Jul 92 00:28:54 -0700)132 423.2 Q
(Hrecei)112 435.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(d: from [128.32.31.21] by mail.CS.Berk).15 E
(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU \(5.96/2.5\)).65 E
(id AA22777; Fri, 17 Jul 92 03:29:14 -0400)132 447.2 Q(Hrecei)112 459.2 Q -.15
(ve)-.25 G(d: by foo.bar).15 E(.baz.de \(5.57/Ultrix3.0-C\))-.55 E
(id AA22757; Fri, 17 Jul 92 09:31:25 GMT)132 471.2 Q(H?F?from: eric@foo.bar)112
483.2 Q(.baz.de \(Eric Allman\))-.55 E(H?x?full-name: Eric Allman)112 495.2 Q
(Hmessage-id: <9207170931.AA22757@foo.bar)112 507.2 Q(.baz.de>)-.55 E(HT)112
519.2 Q(o: sendmail@v)-.8 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU)
.65 E(Hsubject: this is an e)112 531.2 Q(xample message)-.15 E 1.083(This sho)
72 547.4 R 1.084(ws the name of the data \214le, the person who sent the messa\
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(sage.)72 571.4 Q .32 LW 76 669.2 72 669.2 DL 80 669.2 76 669.2 DL 84 669.2 80
669.2 DL 88 669.2 84 669.2 DL 92 669.2 88 669.2 DL 96 669.2 92 669.2 DL 100
669.2 96 669.2 DL 104 669.2 100 669.2 DL 108 669.2 104 669.2 DL 112 669.2 108
669.2 DL 116 669.2 112 669.2 DL 120 669.2 116 669.2 DL 124 669.2 120 669.2 DL
128 669.2 124 669.2 DL 132 669.2 128 669.2 DL 136 669.2 132 669.2 DL 140 669.2
136 669.2 DL 144 669.2 140 669.2 DL 148 669.2 144 669.2 DL 152 669.2 148 669.2
DL 156 669.2 152 669.2 DL 160 669.2 156 669.2 DL 164 669.2 160 669.2 DL 168
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669.2 DL 184 669.2 180 669.2 DL 188 669.2 184 669.2 DL 192 669.2 188 669.2 DL
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281.4 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to gi).25 E(ving)-.25 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(the)
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325.8 R(con\214guration \214le, in te)2.5 E(xtual form.)-.15 E
(/usr/lib/sendmail.hf)72 342 Q(The SMTP help \214le.)144 354 Q 7
(/etc/sendmail.st A)72 370.2 R(statistics \214le; need not be present.)2.5 E
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(in daemon mode; it contains the process id of the current SMTP daemon.)2.818 F
.318(If you)5.318 F .337(use this in scripts; use `)144 398.4 R .337
(`head \2551')-.74 F 2.838('t)-.74 G 2.838(og)285.78 398.4 S .338
(et just the \214rst line; later v)298.618 398.4 R .338(ersions of)-.15 F F2
(sendmail)2.838 E F1(may)2.838 E(add information to subsequent lines.)144 410.4
Q 25.62(/etc/aliases The)72 426.6 R(te)2.5 E(xtual v)-.15 E
(ersion of the alias \214le.)-.15 E(/etc/aliases.{pag,dir})72 442.8 Q
(The alias \214le in)144 454.8 Q F2(dbm)2.5 E F1(\(3\) format.)1.666 E(/v)72
471 Q(ar/spool/mqueue)-.25 E
(The directory in which the mail queue and temporary \214les reside.)144 483 Q
(/v)72 499.2 Q(ar/spool/mqueue/qf*)-.25 E
(Control \(queue\) \214les for messages.)144 511.2 Q(/v)72 527.4 Q
(ar/spool/mqueue/df*)-.25 E(Data \214les.)144 539.4 Q(/v)72 555.6 Q
(ar/spool/mqueue/tf*)-.25 E -.7(Te)144 567.6 S(mporary v).7 E
(ersions of the qf \214les, used during queue \214le reb)-.15 E(uild.)-.2 E(/v)
72 583.8 Q(ar/spool/mqueue/xf*)-.25 E 2.5(At)144 595.8 S
(ranscript of the current session.)156.5 595.8 Q F3 193.36(SMM:08-64 Sendmail)
72 756 R(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E EP
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124.8 R 23.5(.................................................................\
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.....................................................................)2.5 F(19)
494 182.4 Q 2.5(4.2. F)87 196.8 R(orking During Queue Runs)-.15 E 23.5(.......\
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......................................................................... 33)
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614.4 Q 23.5
(......................................................................... 41)
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494 96 Q 2.5(5.2.5. T)102 110.4 R(esting the re)-.7 E
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(.................................................................... 44)2.99 F
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..............................................................................\
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E 23.5(.......................................................................\
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