path: root/usr.sbin/config/config.8

.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993
.\"	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
.\"    must display the following acknowledgement:
.\"	This product includes software developed by the University of
.\"	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
.\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\"    without specific prior written permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
.\"     @(#)config.8	8.2 (Berkeley) 4/19/94
.\" $FreeBSD$
.\"
.Dd April 19, 1994
.Dt CONFIG 8
.Os BSD 4
.Sh NAME
.Nm config
.Nd build system configuration files
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Nm config
.Op Fl gpr
.Ar SYSTEM_NAME
.Sh DESCRIPTION
This is the old version of the
.Nm
program.
It understands the old autoconfiguration scheme
used on the HP300, i386, DECstation, and derivative platforms.
The new version of config is used with the
SPARC platform.
Only the version of 
.Nm
applicable to the architecture that you are running
will be installed on your machine.
.Pp
.Nm Config
builds a set of system configuration files from the file
.Ar SYSTEM_NAME
which describes
the system to configure.
A second file
tells
.Nm
what files are needed to generate a system and
can be augmented by configuration specific set of files
that give alternate files for a specific machine
(see the
.Sx FILES
section below).
.Pp
Available options and operands:
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width SYSTEM_NAME
.It Fl g
Configure a system for debugging.
.It Fl p
Configure a system for profiling; for example,
.Xr kgmon 8
and
.Xr gprof 1 .
If two or more
.Fl p
options are supplied,
.Nm
configures a system for high resolution profiling.
.It Fl r
Remove the old compile directory (see below).
.It Ar SYSTEM_NAME
Specifies the name of the system configuration file
containing device specifications, configuration options
and other system parameters for one system configuration.
.El
.Pp
.Nm Config
should be run from the
.Pa conf
subdirectory of the system source (usually
.Pa /sys/ARCH/conf ) ,
where
.Pa ARCH
represents one of the architectures supported by FreeBSD.
.Nm Config
creates the directory
.Pa ../../compile/SYSTEM_NAME
as necessary and place all output files there.
If the directory already exists and the
.Fl r
flag was specified, it will be removed first.
The output of
.Nm
consists of a number of files; for the
.Tn i386 ,
they are:
.Pa ioconf.c ,
a description
of what I/O devices are attached to the system;
.Pa vector.h ,
definitions of
macros related to counting interrupts;
.Pa Makefile ,
used by
.Xr make 1
in building the system;
header files,
definitions of
the number of various devices that will be compiled into the system;
so-called swap configuration files,
definitions for
the disk areas to be used for the root file system
and system dumps.
.Pp
After running
.Nm config ,
it is necessary to run
.Dq Li make depend
in the directory where the new makefile
was created.
.Nm Config
prints a reminder of this when it completes.
.Pp
If any other error messages are produced by
.Nm config ,
the problems in the configuration file should be corrected and
.Nm
should be run again.
Attempts to compile a system that had configuration errors
are likely to fail.
.Pp
If the option "INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE" is used in the configuration file the 
entire input file is embedded in the new kernel.  This means that
.Xr strings 1
can be used to extract it from a kernel:
to extract the configuration information, use the command
.Bd -literal
strings kernel | grep ___
.Ed
.Sh DEBUG KERNELS
Traditional BSD kernels compiled without symbols due to the heavy load on the
system when compiling a
.if n "debug"
.if t ``debug''
kernel.  A debug kernel contains complete symbols for all the source files, and
enables an experienced kernel programmer to analyse the cause of a problem.  The
debuggers available prior to 4.4BSD-Lite were able to find some information
from a normal kernel; 
.Xr gdb 1
provides very little support for normal kernels, and a debug kernel is needed
for any meaningful analysis.
.Pp
For reasons of history, time and space, building a debug kernel is not the
default with FreeBSD: a debug kernel takes up to 30% longer to build and
requires about 30 MB of disk storage in the build directory, compared to about 6
MB for a non-debug kernel.  A debug kernel is about 11 MB in size, compared to
about 2 MB for a non-debug kernel.  This space is used both in the root file
system and at run time in memory.  Use the
.Fl g
option to build a debug kernel.  With this option,
.Nm
causes two kernel files to be built in the kernel build directory:
.Bl -bullet
.It
.Nm kernel.debug
is the complete debug kernel.
.It
.Nm kernel
is a copy of the kernel with the debug symbols stripped off.  This is equivalent
to the normal non-debug kernel.
.El
.Pp
There is currently little sense in installing and booting from a debug kernel,
since the only tools available which use the symbols do not run on-line.  There
are therefore two options for installing a debug kernel:
.Bl -bullet
.It
.Nm make
.Ar install
installs
.Nm kernel
in the root file system.
.It
.Nm make
.Ar install.debug
installs
.Nm kernel.debug
in the root file system.
.El
.Sh FILES
.Bl -tag -width /sys/i386/conf/Makefile.i386 -compact
.It Pa /sys/conf/files
list of common files system is built from
.It Pa /sys/i386/conf/Makefile.i386
generic makefile for the
.Tn i386
.It Pa /sys/i386/conf/files.i386
list of
.Tn i386
specific files
.It Pa /sys/i386/conf/devices.i386
name to major device mapping file for the
.Tn i386
.It Pa /sys/i386/conf/files. Ns Em ERNIE
list of files specific to
.Em ERNIE
system
.It Pa /sys/compile/SYSTEM_NAME
kernel build directory for system
.Pa SYSTEM_NAME .
.El
.Sh SEE ALSO
The SYNOPSIS portion of each device in section 4.
.Rs
.%T "Building 4.3 BSD UNIX System with Config"
.Re
.Sh BUGS
The line numbers reported in error messages are usually off by one.
.Sh HISTORY
The
.Nm
command appeared in
.Bx 4.1 .