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# @(#)europe 4.10
# International country codes are used to identify countries' rules and
# zones
#
# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, go
# ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
# ado@ncifcrf.gov for general use in the future).
###############################################################################
# United Kingdom
# From Arthur David Olson (January 19, 1989):
#
# The starting and ending dates below (from which the rules are derived)
# are from Whitaker's Almanack for 1987, page 146.
# 1960 is the earliest year for which dates are given;
# Whitaker's notes that British Summer Time (and, in some years, Double Summer
# Time) was observed in earlier years but does not give start and end dates.
#
# A source at the British Information Office in New York avers that it's
# known as "British" Summer Time in all parts of the United Kingdom.
# 1960 April 10 October 2 (yes, 2, according to the almanac)
# 1961 March 26 October 29
# 1962 March 25 October 28
# 1963 March 31 October 27
# 1964 March 22 October 25
# 1965 March 21 October 24
# 1966 March 20 October 23
# 1967 March 19 October 29
# 1968 February 18 October 27
# "British Standard Time, also one hour ahead of G. M. T., was kept between
# 1968 Oct. 27-1971 Oct. 31."
# 1972 March 19 October 29
# 1973 March 18 October 28
# 1974 March 17 October 27
# 1975 March 16 October 26
# 1976 March 21 October 24
# 1977 March 20 October 23
# 1978 March 19 October 29
# 1979 March 18 October 28
# 1980 March 16 October 26
# 1981 March 29 October 25
# 1982 March 28 October 24
# 1983 March 27 October 23
# 1984 March 25 October 28
# 1985 March 31 October 27
# 1986 March 30 October 26
# 1987 March 29 October 25
# From an Anonymous U. K. Donor (January 4, 1989):
#
# It is NOT possible to predict when [British Summer Time] will change
# in a future year.
#
# (The admiralty calculate when they think it should be (no more that a couple
# of years in advance) and advise the government who then decide whether or
# not they will take the admiralty's advice)
#
# ...the Gre[e]nwich...observatory...[was] very helpful.
#
# I was not able to track down the Admiralty formula (I tried hard but failed)
# ...
# Date: 4 Jan 89 08:57:25 GMT (Wed)
# From: Jonathan Leffler <nih-csl!uunet!mcvax!sphinx.co.uk!john>
# ...
# [British Summer Time] is fixed annually by Act of Parliament.
# If you can predict what Parliament will do, you should be in
# politics making a fortune, not computing.
#
# Summer time ends on Sunday 29 October 1989.
# ...
# Date: 5 Jan 89 09:50:38 GMT (Thu)
# From: Peter Kendell <nih-csl!uunet!mcvax!tcom.stc.co.uk!pete>
# ...
#
# From my Collins Diary for 1989 -
#
# "At the time of going to press the Home Office was unable to confirm
# the 1989 starting and finishing dates for BST*, but expressed the
# view that 26 March and 29 October were the likeliest dates to be
# adopted"
#
# *British Summer Time.
# From an Anonymous U. K. Donor (January 5, 1989):
#
# . . .our government is seriously considering applying Double Summer Time -
# putting the clocks forwards and back TWO hours for daylight saving time.
# This is advocated to standardise time in the EEC - we're all supposed to
# keep the same time and to change the clocks on the same dates in the future.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
# Historic starting rules
Rule GB-Eire 1960 only - Apr 10 1:00s 1:00 BST
Rule GB-Eire 1961 1963 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 BST
Rule GB-Eire 1964 1967 - Mar Sun>=19 1:00s 1:00 BST
Rule GB-Eire 1968 only - Feb 18 1:00s 1:00 BST
Rule GB-Eire 1972 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 1:00s 1:00 BST
# Historic ending rules
Rule GB-Eire 1960 only - Oct 2 1:00s 0 GMT
Rule GB-Eire 1961 1967 - Oct Sun>=23 1:00s 0 GMT
Rule GB-Eire 1971 only - Oct 31 1:00s 0 GMT
# Current rules
Rule GB-Eire 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 BST
Rule GB-Eire 1972 max - Oct Sun>=23 1:00s 0 GMT
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES/SAVE FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone GB-Eire 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27 1:00s
1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 1:00s
0:00 GB-Eire %s
###############################################################################
# Continental Europe
# The use of 1986 as starting years below is conservative.
Rule W-Eur 1986 max - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 " DST"
Rule W-Eur 1986 max - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 -
Rule M-Eur 1986 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 " DST"
Rule M-Eur 1986 max - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
Rule E-Eur 1986 max - Mar lastSun 3:00s 1:00 " DST"
Rule E-Eur 1986 max - Sep lastSun 3:00s 0 -
Rule Turkey 1986 max - Mar lastSun 1:00 1:00 " DST"
Rule Turkey 1986 max - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 -
Rule W-SU 1986 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 " DST"
Rule W-SU 1986 max - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES/SAVE FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone WET 0:00 W-Eur WET%s
Zone Iceland 0:00 - WET
Zone MET 1:00 M-Eur MET%s
Zone Poland 1:00 W-Eur MET%s
Zone EET 2:00 E-Eur EET%s
Zone Turkey 3:00 Turkey EET%s
Zone W-SU 3:00 M-Eur ????
# Tom Hoffman says that MET is also known as Central European Time
Link MET CET
###############################################################################
# One source shows that Bulgaria, Cyprus, Finland, and Greece observe DST from
# the last Sunday in March to the last Sunday in September in 1986.
# The source shows Romania changing a day later than everybody else.
#
# According to Bernard Sieloff's source, Poland is in the MET time zone but
# uses the WE DST rules. The Western USSR uses EET+1 and ME DST rules.
# Bernard Sieloff's source claims Romania switches on the same day, but at
# 00:00 standard time (i.e., 01:00 DST). It also claims that Turkey
# switches on the same day, but switches on at 01:00 standard time
# and off at 00:00 standard time (i.e., 01:00 DST)
# ...
# Date: Wed, 28 Jan 87 16:56:27 -0100
# From: seismo!mcvax!cgcha!wtho (Tom Hofmann)
# Message-Id: <8701281556.AA22174@cgcha.uucp>
# ...
#
# ...the European time rules are...standardized since 1981, when
# most European coun[tr]ies started DST. Before that year, only
# a few countries (UK, France, Italy) had DST, each according
# to own national rules. In 1981, however, DST started on
# 'Apr firstSun', and not on 'Mar lastSun' as in the following
# years...
# But also since 1981 there are some more national exceptions
# than listed in 'europe': Switzerland, for example, joined DST
# one year later, Denmark ended DST on 'Oct 1' instead of 'Sep
# lastSun' in 1981---I don't know how they handle now.
#
# Finally, DST ist always from 'Apr 1' to 'Oct 1' in the
# Soviet Union (as far as I know).
#
# Tom Hofmann, Scientific Computer Center, CIBA-GEIGY AG,
# 4002 Basle, Switzerland
# UUCP: ...!mcvax!cernvax!cgcha!wtho
# ...
# Date: Wed, 4 Feb 87 22:35:22 +0100
# From: seismo!mcvax!cwi.nl!dik (Dik T. Winter)
# ...
#
# The information from Tom Hofmann is (as far as I know) not entirely correct.
# After a request from chongo at amdahl I tried to retrieve all information
# about DST in Europe. I was able to find all from about 1969.
#
# ...standardization on DST in Europe started in about 1977 with switches on
# first Sunday in April and last Sunday in September...
# In 1981 UK joined Europe insofar that
# the starting day for both shifted to last Sunday in March. And from 1982
# the whole of Europe used DST, with switch dates April 1 and October 1 in
# the Sov[i]et Union. In 1985 the SU reverted to standard Europe[a]n switch
# dates...
#
# It should also be remembered that time-zones are not constants; e.g.
# Portugal switched in 1976 from MET (or CET) to WET with DST...
# Note also that though there were rules for switch dates not
# all countries abided to these dates, and many individual deviations
# occurred, though not since 1982 I believe. Another note: it is always
# assumed that DST is 1 hour ahead of normal time, this need not be the
# case; at least in the Netherlands there have been times when DST was 2 hours
# in advance of normal time.
#
# ...
# dik t. winter, cwi, amsterdam, nederland
# INTERNET : dik@cwi.nl
# BITNET/EARN: dik@mcvax
# From Bob Devine (January 28, 1988):
# ...
# Greece: Last Sunday in April to last Sunday in September (iffy on dates).
# Since 1978. Change at midnight.
# ...
# Monaco: has same DST as France.
# ...
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