path: root/sbin/setkey/setkey.8

.\" Copyright (C) 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, and 1999 WIDE Project.
.\" All rights reserved.
.\" 
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. Neither the name of the project nor the names of its contributors
.\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\"    without specific prior written permission.
.\" 
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE PROJECT AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE PROJECT OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
.\"     $Id: setkey.8,v 1.14 1999/10/27 17:08:58 sakane Exp $
.\"     $FreeBSD$
.\"
.Dd May 17, 1998
.Dt SETKEY 8
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm setkey
.Nd manually manipulate the SA/SP database.
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Nm setkey
.Op Fl dv
.Fl c
.Nm setkey
.Op Fl dv
.Fl f Ar filename
.Nm setkey
.Op Fl adPlv
.Fl D
.Nm setkey
.Op Fl dPv
.Fl F
.Nm setkey
.Op Fl h
.Fl x
.\" 
.Sh DESCRIPTION
.Nm
updates, or lists the content of, Security Association Database (SAD) entries
in the kernel as well as Security Policy Database (SPD) entries.
.Pp
.Nm
takes a series of operation from standard input
.Po
if invoked with
.Fl c
.Pc
or file named
.Ar filename
.Po
if invoked with
.Fl f Ar filename
.Pc .
.Bl -tag -width Ds
.It Fl D
Dump the SAD entries.
If with
.Fl P ,
the SPD entries are dumped.
.It Fl F
Flush the SAD.
If with
.Fl P ,
the SPD are flushed.
.It Fl a
.Nm
usually do not display dead SAD entries on
.Fl D .
With
.Fl a ,
dead SAD entries will be displayed as well.
Dead SAD entries are kept in the kernel,
when they are referenced from any of SPD entries in the kernel.
.It Fl d
Enable debugging messages.
.It Fl x
Loop forever and dump all the messages transmitted to
.Dv PF_KEY
socket.
.It Fl h
Add hexadecimal dump on
.Fl x
mode.
The order is significant.
.It Fl l
Loop forever with short output on
.Fl D .
.It Fl v
Be verbose.
.Dv PF_KEY
socket
.Po
including messages sent from other processes
.Pc .
.El
.Pp
Operation has the following grammar.
Note that lines, that start with a
hashmark ('#') are treated as comment lines.
Description of meta-arguments follows.
.Bl -tag -width Ds
.It Xo
.Li add
.Ar src Ar dst Ar protocol Ar spi
.Op Ar extensions
.Ar algorithm...
.Li ;
.Xc
Add a SAD entry.
.\"
.It Xo
.Li get
.Ar src Ar dst Ar protocol Ar spi
.Op Ar mode
.Li ;
.Xc
Show a SAD entry.
.\"
.It Xo
.Li delete
.Ar src Ar dst Ar protocol Ar spi
.Op Ar mode
.Li ;
.Xc
Remove a SAD entry.
.\"
.It Xo
.Li flush
.Op Ar protocol
.Li ;
.Xc
Clear all SAD entries that matches the options.
.\"
.It Xo
.Li dump
.Op Ar protocol
.Li ;
.Xc
Dumps all SAD entries that matches the options.
.\"
.It Xo
.Li spdadd
.Ar src_range Ar dst_range Ar upperspec Ar policy
.Li ;
.Xc
Add a SPD entry.
.\"
.It Xo
.Li spddelete
.Ar src_range Ar dst_range Ar upperspec
.Li ;
.Xc
Delete a SPD entry.
.\"
.It Xo
.Li spdflush
.Li ;
.Xc
Clear all SPD entries.
.\"
.It Xo
.Li spddump
.Li ;
.Xc
Dumps all SPD entries.
.El
.\"
.Pp
Meta-arguments are as follows:
.Bl -tag -compact -width Ds
.It Ar src
.It Ar dst
Source/destination of the secure communication is specified as
IPv4/v6 address.
.Nm
does not consult hostname-to-address for arguments
.Ar src
and
.Ar dst .
They must be in numeric form.
.\"
.Pp
.It Ar protocol
.Ar protocol
is one of following:
.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
.It Li esp
ESP based on rfc2405
.It Li esp-old
ESP based on rfc1827
.It Li ah
AH based on rfc2402
.It Li ah-old
AH based on rfc1826
.It Li ipcomp
IPCOMP
.El
.\"
.Pp
.It Ar spi
Security Parameter Index (SPI) for the SA and SPD.
It must be decimal number or hexadecimal number
.Po
with
.Li 0x
attached
.Pc .
.\"
.Pp
.It Ar extensions
takes some of the following:
.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact 
.It Fl m Ar mode
Specify an security protocol mode for use.  By default,
.Li any .
.Ar mode
is one of following:
.Li transport , tunnel
or
.Li any .
.It Fl r Ar size
Specify window size of bytes for replay prevention.
.Ar size
must be decimal number in 32-bit word.  If
.Ar size
is zero or not specified, replay check don't take place.
.It Fl f Ar pad_option
.Ar pad_option
is one of following:
.Li zero-pad , random-pad
or
.Li seq-pad
.It Fl f Li cyclic-seq
Allow cyclic sequence number.
.It Fl lh Ar time
.It Fl ls Ar time
Specify hard/soft lifetime.
.El
.\"
.Pp
.It Ar algorithm
.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact 
.It Fl E Ar ealgo Ar key
Specify encryption algorithm.
.It Fl A Ar ealgo Ar key
Specify authentication algorithm.
If
.Fl A
is used for esp, it will be treated as ESP payload authentication algorithm.
.It Fl C Ar calgo Op Fl R
Specify compression algorithm.
If
.Fl R
is specified with
.Li ipcomp
line, the kernel will use well-known IPComp CPI
.Pq compression parameter index
on IPComp CPI field on packets, and
.Ar spi
field will be ignored.
.Ar spi
field is only for kernel internal use in this case.
.\"Therefore, compression protocol number will appear on IPComp CPI field.
If
.Fl R
is not used,
the value on
.Ar spi
field will appear on IPComp CPI field on outgoing packets.
.Ar spi
field needs to be smaller than
.Li 0x10000
in this case.
.El
.Pp
.Li esp
SAs accept
.Fl E
and
.Fl A .
.Li esp-old
SAs accept
.Fl E
only.
.Li ah
and
.Li ah-old
SAs accept
.Fl A
only.
.Li ipcomp
SAs accept
.Fl C
only.
.Pp
.Ar key
must be double-quoted character string or a series of hexadecimal digits.
.Pp
Possible values for
.Ar ealgo ,
.Ar aalgo
and
.Ar calgo
are specified in separate section.
.\"
.It Ar src_range
.It Ar dst_range
These are selection of the secure communication is specified as
IPv4/v6 address or IPv4/v6 address range, and it may accompany
TCP/UDP port specification.
This takes the following form:
.Bd -literal -offset
.Ar address
.Ar address/prefixlen
.Ar address[port]
.Ar address/prefixlen[port]
.Ed
.Pp
.Ar prefixlen
and
.Ar port
must be decimal number.
The square bracket around
.Ar port
is really necessary.
They are not manpage metacharacters.
.Pp
.Nm
does not consult hostname-to-address for arguments
.Ar src
and
.Ar dst .
They must be in numeric form.
.\"
.It Ar upperspec
Upper-layer protocol to be used.
Currently
.Li tcp ,
.Li udp
and
.Li any
can be specified.
.Li any
stands for
.Dq any protocol .
.Pp
NOTE:
.Ar upperspec
does not work against forwarding case at this moment,
as it requires extra reassembly at forwarding node
.Pq not implemented as this moment .
.\"
.It Ar policy
.Ar policy
is the one of following:
.Bd -literal -offset
.Xo
.Fl P
.Ar direction
.Li discard
.Xc
.Xo
.Fl P
.Ar direction
.Li none
.Xc
.Xo
.Fl P
.Ar direction
.Li ipsec
.Ar protocol/mode/src-dst/level
.Xc
.Ed
.Pp
You must specify the direction of its policy as
.Ar direction .
Either
.Li out
or
.Li in
are used.
.Li discard
means the packet matching indexes will be discarded.
.Li none
means that IPsec operation will not take place onto the packet.
.Li ipsec
means that IPsec operation will take place onto the packet.
Either
.Li ah ,
.Li esp
or
.Li ipcomp
is to be set as
.Ar protocol .
.Ar mode
is either
.Li transport
or
.Li tunnel .
You must specify the end-points addresses of the SA as
.Ar src
and
.Ar dst
with
.Sq -
between these addresses which is used to specify the SA to use.
.Ar level
is to be one of the following:
.Li default , use
or
.Li require .
.Li default
means kernel consults to the system wide default against protocol you
specified, e.g.
.Li esp_trans_deflev
sysctl variable, when kernel processes the packet.
.Li use
means that kernel use a SA if it's available,
otherwise kernel keeps normal operation.
.Li require
means SA is required whenever kernel deals with the packet.
Note that
.Dq Li discard
and
.Dq Li none
are not in the syntax described in
.Xr ipsec_set_policy 3 .
There are little differences in the syntax.
See
.Xr ipsec_set_policy 3
for detail.
.Pp
.El
.Pp
.\"
.Sh ALGORITHMS
The following list shows the supported algorithms.
.Sy protocol
and
.Sy algorithm
are almost orthogonal.
Following are the list of authentication algorithms that can be used as
.Ar aalgo
in
.Fl A Ar aalgo
of
.Ar protocol
parameter:
.Pp
.Bd -literal -offset indent
algorithm	keylen (bits)	comment
hmac-md5	128		ah: rfc2403
		128		ah-old: rfc2085
hmac-sha1	160		ah: rfc2404
		160		ah-old: 128bit ICV (no document)
keyed-md5	128		ah: 96bit ICV (no document)
		128		ah-old: rfc1828
keyed-sha1	160		ah: 96bit ICV (no document)
		160		ah-old: 128bit ICV (no document)
null		0 to 2048	for debugging
.Ed
.Pp
Following are the list of encryption algorithms that can be used as
.Ar ealgo
in
.Fl E Ar ealgo
of
.Ar protocol
parameter:
.Pp
.Bd -literal -offset indent
algorithm	keylen (bits)	comment
des-cbc		64		esp-old: rfc1829, esp: rfc2405
3des-cbc	192		rfc2451
simple		0 to 2048	rfc2410
blowfish-cbc	40 to 448	rfc2451
cast128-cbc	40 to 128	rfc2451
rc5-cbc		40 to 2040	rfc2451
des-deriv	64		ipsec-ciph-des-derived-01 (expired)
3des-deriv	192		no document
.Ed
.Pp
Following are the list of compression algorithms that can be used as
.Ar calgo
in
.Fl C Ar calgo
of
.Ar protocol
parameter:
.Pp
.Bd -literal -offset indent
algorithm	comment
deflate		rfc2394
lzs		rfc2395
.Ed
.\" 
.Sh EXAMPLES
.Bd -literal -offset
add	3ffe:501:4819::1 3ffe:501:481d::1 esp 123457
		-E des-cbc "ESP SA!!" ;

add	3ffe:501:4819::1 3ffe:501:481d::1 ah 123456
		-A hmac-sha1 "AH SA configuration!" ;

add	10.0.11.41 10.0.11.33 esp 0x10001
		-E des-cbc "ESP with"
		-A hmac-md5 "authentication!!" ;

get	3ffe:501:4819::1 3ffe:501:481d::1 ah 123456 ;

flush ;

dump esp ;

spdadd	10.0.11.41/32[21] 10.0.11.33/32[any] any
		-P out ipsec esp/tunnel/192.168.0.1-192.168.1.2/require ;

.Ed
.\" 
.Sh RETURN VALUES
The command exits with 0 on success, and non-zero on errors.
.\" 
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr ipsec_set_policy 3 ,
.Xr sysctl 8
.\" 
.Sh HISTORY
The
.Nm
command first appeared in WIDE Hydrangea IPv6 protocol stack kit.
The command was completely re-designed in June 1998.
IPv6 and IPsec support based on the KAME Project (http://www.kame.net/) stack
was initialy integrated into
.Fx 4.0