summaryrefslogtreecommitdiffstats
path: root/sbin/newfs/newfs.c
blob: 59b7e61246bbd4d63c7e857d3bf4b25c2f4853f3 (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
/*
 * Copyright (c) 2002 Networks Associates Technology, Inc.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * This software was developed for the FreeBSD Project by Marshall
 * Kirk McKusick and Network Associates Laboratories, the Security
 * Research Division of Network Associates, Inc. under DARPA/SPAWAR
 * contract N66001-01-C-8035 ("CBOSS"), as part of the DARPA CHATS
 * research program.
 *
 * Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1993, 1994
 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

#if 0
#ifndef lint
static const char copyright[] =
"@(#) Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1993, 1994\n\
	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
#endif /* not lint */

#ifndef lint
static char sccsid[] = "@(#)newfs.c	8.13 (Berkeley) 5/1/95";
#endif /* not lint */
#endif
#include <sys/cdefs.h>
__FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");

/*
 * newfs: friendly front end to mkfs
 */
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/disk.h>
#include <sys/disklabel.h>
#include <sys/file.h>
#include <sys/mount.h>

#include <ufs/ufs/dir.h>
#include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h>
#include <ufs/ffs/fs.h>
#include <ufs/ufs/ufsmount.h>

#include <ctype.h>
#include <err.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <paths.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <syslog.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include <libutil.h>

#include "newfs.h"

int	Eflag;			/* Erase previous disk contents */
int	Lflag;			/* add a volume label */
int	Nflag;			/* run without writing file system */
int	Oflag = 2;		/* file system format (1 => UFS1, 2 => UFS2) */
int	Rflag;			/* regression test */
int	Uflag;			/* enable soft updates for file system */
int	jflag;			/* enable soft updates journaling for filesys */
int	Xflag = 0;		/* exit in middle of newfs for testing */
int	Jflag;			/* enable gjournal for file system */
int	lflag;			/* enable multilabel for file system */
int	nflag;			/* do not create .snap directory */
int	tflag;			/* enable TRIM */
intmax_t fssize;		/* file system size */
off_t	mediasize;		/* device size */
int	sectorsize;		/* bytes/sector */
int	realsectorsize;		/* bytes/sector in hardware */
int	fsize = 0;		/* fragment size */
int	bsize = 0;		/* block size */
int	maxbsize = 0;		/* maximum clustering */
int	maxblkspercg = MAXBLKSPERCG; /* maximum blocks per cylinder group */
int	minfree = MINFREE;	/* free space threshold */
int	metaspace;		/* space held for metadata blocks */
int	opt = DEFAULTOPT;	/* optimization preference (space or time) */
int	density;		/* number of bytes per inode */
int	maxcontig = 0;		/* max contiguous blocks to allocate */
int	maxbpg;			/* maximum blocks per file in a cyl group */
int	avgfilesize = AVFILESIZ;/* expected average file size */
int	avgfilesperdir = AFPDIR;/* expected number of files per directory */
u_char	*volumelabel = NULL;	/* volume label for filesystem */
struct uufsd disk;		/* libufs disk structure */

static char	device[MAXPATHLEN];
static u_char   bootarea[BBSIZE];
static int	is_file;		/* work on a file, not a device */
static char	*dkname;
static char	*disktype;
static int	unlabeled;

static void getfssize(intmax_t *, const char *p, intmax_t, intmax_t);
static struct disklabel *getdisklabel(char *s);
static void rewritelabel(char *s, struct disklabel *lp);
static void usage(void);
static int expand_number_int(const char *buf, int *num);

ufs2_daddr_t part_ofs; /* partition offset in blocks, used with files */

int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	struct partition *pp;
	struct disklabel *lp;
	struct partition oldpartition;
	struct stat st;
	char *cp, *special;
	intmax_t reserved;
	int ch, i, rval;
	char part_name;		/* partition name, default to full disk */

	part_name = 'c';
	reserved = 0;
	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv,
	    "EJL:NO:RS:T:UXa:b:c:d:e:f:g:h:i:jk:lm:no:p:r:s:t")) != -1)
		switch (ch) {
		case 'E':
			Eflag = 1;
			break;
		case 'J':
			Jflag = 1;
			break;
		case 'L':
			volumelabel = optarg;
			i = -1;
			while (isalnum(volumelabel[++i]));
			if (volumelabel[i] != '\0') {
				errx(1, "bad volume label. Valid characters are alphanumerics.");
			}
			if (strlen(volumelabel) >= MAXVOLLEN) {
				errx(1, "bad volume label. Length is longer than %d.",
				    MAXVOLLEN);
			}
			Lflag = 1;
			break;
		case 'N':
			Nflag = 1;
			break;
		case 'O':
			if ((Oflag = atoi(optarg)) < 1 || Oflag > 2)
				errx(1, "%s: bad file system format value",
				    optarg);
			break;
		case 'R':
			Rflag = 1;
			break;
		case 'S':
			rval = expand_number_int(optarg, &sectorsize);
			if (rval < 0 || sectorsize <= 0)
				errx(1, "%s: bad sector size", optarg);
			break;
		case 'T':
			disktype = optarg;
			break;
		case 'j':
			jflag = 1;
			/* fall through to enable soft updates */
		case 'U':
			Uflag = 1;
			break;
		case 'X':
			Xflag++;
			break;
		case 'a':
			rval = expand_number_int(optarg, &maxcontig);
			if (rval < 0 || maxcontig <= 0)
				errx(1, "%s: bad maximum contiguous blocks",
				    optarg);
			break;
		case 'b':
			rval = expand_number_int(optarg, &bsize);
			if (rval < 0)
				 errx(1, "%s: bad block size",
                                    optarg);
			if (bsize < MINBSIZE)
				errx(1, "%s: block size too small, min is %d",
				    optarg, MINBSIZE);
			if (bsize > MAXBSIZE)
				errx(1, "%s: block size too large, max is %d",
				    optarg, MAXBSIZE);
			break;
		case 'c':
			rval = expand_number_int(optarg, &maxblkspercg);
			if (rval < 0 || maxblkspercg <= 0)
				errx(1, "%s: bad blocks per cylinder group",
				    optarg);
			break;
		case 'd':
			rval = expand_number_int(optarg, &maxbsize);
			if (rval < 0 || maxbsize < MINBSIZE)
				errx(1, "%s: bad extent block size", optarg);
			break;
		case 'e':
			rval = expand_number_int(optarg, &maxbpg);
			if (rval < 0 || maxbpg <= 0)
			  errx(1, "%s: bad blocks per file in a cylinder group",
				    optarg);
			break;
		case 'f':
			rval = expand_number_int(optarg, &fsize);
			if (rval < 0 || fsize <= 0)
				errx(1, "%s: bad fragment size", optarg);
			break;
		case 'g':
			rval = expand_number_int(optarg, &avgfilesize);
			if (rval < 0 || avgfilesize <= 0)
				errx(1, "%s: bad average file size", optarg);
			break;
		case 'h':
			rval = expand_number_int(optarg, &avgfilesperdir);
			if (rval < 0 || avgfilesperdir <= 0)
			       errx(1, "%s: bad average files per dir", optarg);
			break;
		case 'i':
			rval = expand_number_int(optarg, &density);
			if (rval < 0 || density <= 0)
				errx(1, "%s: bad bytes per inode", optarg);
			break;
		case 'l':
			lflag = 1;
			break;
		case 'k':
			if ((metaspace = atoi(optarg)) < 0)
				errx(1, "%s: bad metadata space %%", optarg);
			if (metaspace == 0)
				/* force to stay zero in mkfs */
				metaspace = -1;
			break;
		case 'm':
			if ((minfree = atoi(optarg)) < 0 || minfree > 99)
				errx(1, "%s: bad free space %%", optarg);
			break;
		case 'n':
			nflag = 1;
			break;
		case 'o':
			if (strcmp(optarg, "space") == 0)
				opt = FS_OPTSPACE;
			else if (strcmp(optarg, "time") == 0)
				opt = FS_OPTTIME;
			else
				errx(1, 
		"%s: unknown optimization preference: use `space' or `time'",
				    optarg);
			break;
		case 'r':
			errno = 0;
			reserved = strtoimax(optarg, &cp, 0);
			if (errno != 0 || cp == optarg ||
			    *cp != '\0' || reserved < 0)
				errx(1, "%s: bad reserved size", optarg);
			break;
		case 'p':
			is_file = 1;
			part_name = optarg[0];
			break;

		case 's':
			errno = 0;
			fssize = strtoimax(optarg, &cp, 0);
			if (errno != 0 || cp == optarg ||
			    *cp != '\0' || fssize < 0)
				errx(1, "%s: bad file system size", optarg);
			break;
		case 't':
			tflag = 1;
			break;
		case '?':
		default:
			usage();
		}
	argc -= optind;
	argv += optind;

	if (argc != 1)
		usage();

	special = argv[0];
	if (!special[0])
		err(1, "empty file/special name");
	cp = strrchr(special, '/');
	if (cp == 0) {
		/*
		 * No path prefix; try prefixing _PATH_DEV.
		 */
		snprintf(device, sizeof(device), "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, special);
		special = device;
	}

	if (is_file) {
		/* bypass ufs_disk_fillout_blank */
		bzero( &disk, sizeof(disk));
		disk.d_bsize = 1;
		disk.d_name = special;
		disk.d_fd = open(special, O_RDONLY);
		if (disk.d_fd < 0 ||
		    (!Nflag && ufs_disk_write(&disk) == -1))
			errx(1, "%s: ", special);
	} else if (ufs_disk_fillout_blank(&disk, special) == -1 ||
	    (!Nflag && ufs_disk_write(&disk) == -1)) {
		if (disk.d_error != NULL)
			errx(1, "%s: %s", special, disk.d_error);
		else
			err(1, "%s", special);
	}
	if (fstat(disk.d_fd, &st) < 0)
		err(1, "%s", special);
	if ((st.st_mode & S_IFMT) != S_IFCHR) {
		warn("%s: not a character-special device", special);
		is_file = 1;	/* assume it is a file */
		dkname = special;
		if (sectorsize == 0)
			sectorsize = 512;
		mediasize = st.st_size;
		/* set fssize from the partition */
	} else {
	    if (sectorsize == 0)
		if (ioctl(disk.d_fd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, &sectorsize) == -1)
		    sectorsize = 0;	/* back out on error for safety */
	    if (sectorsize && ioctl(disk.d_fd, DIOCGMEDIASIZE, &mediasize) != -1)
		getfssize(&fssize, special, mediasize / sectorsize, reserved);
	}
	pp = NULL;
	lp = getdisklabel(special);
	if (lp != NULL) {
		if (!is_file) /* already set for files */
			part_name = special[strlen(special) - 1];
		if ((part_name < 'a' || part_name - 'a' >= MAXPARTITIONS) &&
				!isdigit(part_name))
			errx(1, "%s: can't figure out file system partition",
					special);
		cp = &part_name;
		if (isdigit(*cp))
			pp = &lp->d_partitions[RAW_PART];
		else
			pp = &lp->d_partitions[*cp - 'a'];
		oldpartition = *pp;
		if (pp->p_size == 0)
			errx(1, "%s: `%c' partition is unavailable",
			    special, *cp);
		if (pp->p_fstype == FS_BOOT)
			errx(1, "%s: `%c' partition overlaps boot program",
			    special, *cp);
		getfssize(&fssize, special, pp->p_size, reserved);
		if (sectorsize == 0)
			sectorsize = lp->d_secsize;
		if (fsize == 0)
			fsize = pp->p_fsize;
		if (bsize == 0)
			bsize = pp->p_frag * pp->p_fsize;
		if (is_file)
			part_ofs = pp->p_offset;
	}
	if (sectorsize <= 0)
		errx(1, "%s: no default sector size", special);
	if (fsize <= 0)
		fsize = MAX(DFL_FRAGSIZE, sectorsize);
	if (bsize <= 0)
		bsize = MIN(DFL_BLKSIZE, 8 * fsize);
	if (minfree < MINFREE && opt != FS_OPTSPACE) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Warning: changing optimization to space ");
		fprintf(stderr, "because minfree is less than %d%%\n", MINFREE);
		opt = FS_OPTSPACE;
	}
	realsectorsize = sectorsize;
	if (sectorsize != DEV_BSIZE) {		/* XXX */
		int secperblk = sectorsize / DEV_BSIZE;

		sectorsize = DEV_BSIZE;
		fssize *= secperblk;
		if (pp != NULL)
			pp->p_size *= secperblk;
	}
	mkfs(pp, special);
	if (!unlabeled) {
		if (realsectorsize != DEV_BSIZE)
			pp->p_size /= realsectorsize / DEV_BSIZE;
		if (!Nflag && bcmp(pp, &oldpartition, sizeof(oldpartition)))
			rewritelabel(special, lp);
	}
	ufs_disk_close(&disk);
	if (!jflag)
		exit(0);
	if (execlp("tunefs", "newfs", "-j", "enable", special, NULL) < 0)
		err(1, "Cannot enable soft updates journaling, tunefs");
	/* NOT REACHED */
}

void
getfssize(intmax_t *fsz, const char *s, intmax_t disksize, intmax_t reserved)
{
	intmax_t available;

	available = disksize - reserved;
	if (available <= 0)
		errx(1, "%s: reserved not less than device size %jd",
		    s, disksize);
	if (*fsz == 0)
		*fsz = available;
	else if (*fsz > available)
		errx(1, "%s: maximum file system size is %jd",
		    s, available);
}

struct disklabel *
getdisklabel(char *s)
{
	static struct disklabel lab;
	struct disklabel *lp;

	if (is_file) {
		if (read(disk.d_fd, bootarea, BBSIZE) != BBSIZE)
			err(4, "cannot read bootarea");
		if (bsd_disklabel_le_dec(
		    bootarea + (0 /* labeloffset */ +
				1 /* labelsoffset */ * sectorsize),
		    &lab, MAXPARTITIONS))
			errx(1, "no valid label found");

		lp = &lab;
		return &lab;
	}

	if (ioctl(disk.d_fd, DIOCGDINFO, (char *)&lab) != -1)
		return (&lab);
	unlabeled++;
	if (disktype) {
		lp = getdiskbyname(disktype);
		if (lp != NULL)
			return (lp);
	}
	return (NULL);
}

void
rewritelabel(char *s, struct disklabel *lp)
{
	if (unlabeled)
		return;
	lp->d_checksum = 0;
	lp->d_checksum = dkcksum(lp);
	if (is_file) {
		bsd_disklabel_le_enc(bootarea + 0 /* labeloffset */ +
			1 /* labelsoffset */ * sectorsize, lp);
		lseek(disk.d_fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
		if (write(disk.d_fd, bootarea, BBSIZE) != BBSIZE)
			errx(1, "cannot write label");
		return;
	}
	if (ioctl(disk.d_fd, DIOCWDINFO, (char *)lp) == -1)
		warn("ioctl (WDINFO): %s: can't rewrite disk label", s);
}

static void
usage()
{
	fprintf(stderr,
	    "usage: %s [ -fsoptions ] special-device%s\n",
	    getprogname(),
	    " [device-type]");
	fprintf(stderr, "where fsoptions are:\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-E Erase previous disk content\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-J Enable journaling via gjournal\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-L volume label to add to superblock\n");
	fprintf(stderr,
	    "\t-N do not create file system, just print out parameters\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-O file system format: 1 => UFS1, 2 => UFS2\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-R regression test, suppress random factors\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-S sector size\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-T disktype\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-U enable soft updates\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-a maximum contiguous blocks\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-b block size\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-c blocks per cylinders group\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-d maximum extent size\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-e maximum blocks per file in a cylinder group\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-f frag size\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-g average file size\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-h average files per directory\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-i number of bytes per inode\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-j enable soft updates journaling\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-k space to hold for metadata blocks\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-l enable multilabel MAC\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-n do not create .snap directory\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-m minimum free space %%\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-o optimization preference (`space' or `time')\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-p partition name (a..h)\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-r reserved sectors at the end of device\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-s file system size (sectors)\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-t enable TRIM\n");
	exit(1);
}

static int
expand_number_int(const char *buf, int *num)
{
	int64_t num64;
	int rval;

	rval = expand_number(buf, &num64);
	if (rval < 0)
		return (rval);
	if (num64 > INT_MAX || num64 < INT_MIN) {
		errno = ERANGE;
		return (-1);
	}
	*num = (int)num64;
	return (0);
}
OpenPOWER on IntegriCloud