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<article xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="5.0">
  <info><title>&os; &release.current; Release Notes</title>

  <author><orgname>The &os; Project</orgname></author>

  <pubdate>$FreeBSD$</pubdate>

  <copyright>
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    <year>2014</year>
    <holder role="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org">The &os; Documentation
      Project</holder>
  </copyright>

  <legalnotice xml:id="trademarks" role="trademarks">
    &tm-attrib.freebsd;
    &tm-attrib.ibm;
    &tm-attrib.ieee;
    &tm-attrib.intel;
    &tm-attrib.sparc;
    &tm-attrib.general;
  </legalnotice>

  <abstract>
    <para>The release notes for &os; &release.current; contain
      a summary of the changes made to the &os; base system on the
      &release.branch; development line.  This document lists
      applicable security advisories that were issued since the last
      release, as well as significant changes to the &os; kernel and
      userland.  Some brief remarks on upgrading are also
      presented.</para>
  </abstract>
</info>

<sect1 xml:id="intro">
  <title>Introduction</title>

  <para>This document contains the release notes for &os;
    &release.current;.  It describes recently added, changed, or
    deleted features of &os;.  It also provides some notes on
    upgrading from previous versions of &os;.</para>

  <para releasetype="current">The &release.type; distribution to which
    these release notes apply represents the latest point along the
    &release.branch; development branch since &release.branch; was
    created.  Information regarding pre-built, binary &release.type;
    distributions along this branch can be found at <uri
      xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para>

  <para releasetype="snapshot">The &release.type; distribution to
    which these release notes apply represents a point along the
    &release.branch; development branch between &release.prev; and the
    future &release.next;.  Information regarding pre-built, binary
    &release.type; distributions along this branch can be found at
    <uri xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para>

  <para releasetype="release">This distribution of &os;
    &release.current; is a &release.type; distribution.  It can be
    found at <uri xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri> or
    any of its mirrors.  More information on obtaining this (or other)
    &release.type; distributions of &os; can be found in the <link
      xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/mirrors.html"><quote>Obtaining
	&os;</quote> appendix</link> to the <link
      xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/">&os; Handbook</link>.</para>

  <para>All users are encouraged to consult the release errata before
    installing &os;.  The errata document is updated with
    <quote>late-breaking</quote> information discovered late in the
    release cycle or after the release.  Typically, it contains
    information on known bugs, security advisories, and corrections to
    documentation.  An up-to-date copy of the errata for &os;
    &release.current; can be found on the &os; Web site.</para>
</sect1>

<sect1 xml:id="new">
  <title>What's New</title>

  <para>This section describes the most user-visible new or changed
    features in &os; since &release.prev;.  In general, changes
    described here are unique to the &release.branch; branch unless
    specifically marked as &merged; features.</para>

  <para>Typical release note items document recent security advisories
    issued after &release.prev;, new drivers or hardware support, new
    commands or options, major bug fixes, or contributed software
    upgrades.  They may also list changes to major ports/packages or
    release engineering practices.  Clearly the release notes cannot
    list every single change made to &os; between releases; this
    document focuses primarily on security advisories, user-visible
    changes, and major architectural improvements.</para>

  <sect2 xml:id="security">
    <title>Security Advisories</title>

    <para>No advisories.</para>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 xml:id="kernel">
    <title>Kernel Changes</title>

    <para revision="248508">The use of unmapped VMIO buffers
      eliminates the need to perform TLB shootdown for mapping on
      buffer creation and reuse, greatly reducing the amount of IPIs
      for shootdown on big-SMP machines and eliminating up to 25-30%
      of the system time on i/o intensive workloads.</para>

    <para arch="amd64" revision="254466">The maximum amount of memory
      the &os; kernel can address has been increased from 1TB to
      4TB.</para>

    <para role="merged">The &man.ddb.4; kernel debugger now has an
      output capture facility.  Input and output from &man.ddb.4; can
      now be captured to a memory buffer for later inspection using
      &man.sysctl.8; or a textdump.  The new
      <command>capture</command> command controls this feature.</para>

    <para role="merged">The &man.ddb.4; debugger now supports a simple
      scripting facility, which supports a set of named scripts
      consisting of a set of &man.ddb.4; commands.  These commands can
      be managed from within &man.ddb.4; or with the use of the new
      &man.ddb.8; utility.  More details can be found in the
      &man.ddb.4; manual page.</para>

    <para arch="amd64,i386" revision="240135">Support was added for
      the new Intel on-CPU Bull Mountain random number generator,
      found on IvyBridge and supposedly later CPUs, accessible with
      RDRAND instruction.</para>

    <sect3 xml:id="kernel-virtualization">
      <title>Virtualization support</title>

      <para arch="amd64" revision="245652">The BSD Hypervisor,
	&man.bhyve.8; is included with &os;.  &man.bhyve.8; requires
	Intel CPUs with VT-x and Extended Page Table (EPT) support.
	These features are on all Nehalem models and beyond (e.g.
	Nehalem and newer), but not on the lower-end Atom CPUs.</para>

      <para revision="227652">&man.virtio.4; support has been added.
	&man.virtio.4; is the name for the paravirtualization
	interface developed for the Linux KVM, but since adopted to
	other virtual machine hypervisors (with the notable exception
	of Xen).  This work brings in a BSD-licensed clean-room
	implementation of the virtio kernel drivers for disk IO
	(&man.virtio_blk.4; and &man.virtio_scsi.4;), network IO
	(&man.vtnet.4;), memory ballooning (&man.virtio_balloon.4;),
	and PCI.  Tested with on Qemu/KVM, VirtualBox, and
	&man.bhyve.4;.</para>

      <para arch="amd64,i386" revision="255524">Paravirtualized
	drivers which support Microsoft Hyper-V have been imported and
	made part of the amd64 GENERIC kernel.  For i386, these
	drivers are not part of GENERIC, so the following lines must
	be added to <filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename> to load
	these drivers:</para>

      <programlisting>hv_ata_pci_disengage_load="YES"
hv_netsvc_load="YES"
hv_utils_load="YES"
hv_vmbus_load="YES"</programlisting>

      <para>Alternatively, the Hyper-V drivers can be added to the
	i386 kernel by adding <literal>device hyperv</literal> to the
	kernel config, and then recompiling the kernel.  Please refer
	to: <link xlink:href="http://wiki.freebsd.org/HyperV">FreeBSD
	  and Microsoft Windows Server Hyper-V support</link> for full
	instructions on how to set up Hyper-V support under
	FreeBSD.</para>

      <para revision="254738">The &man.vmx.4; driver has been added.
	&man.vmx.4; is a VMware VMXNET3 ethernet driver ported from
	OpenBSD.</para>

      <para revision="255744" arch="amd64,i386">Xen PVHVM
	virtualization is now part of the GENERIC kernel.</para>

    </sect3>

    <sect3 xml:id="kernel-arm">
      <title>ARM support</title>

      <para revision="239922">Raspberry PI support has been added.
	Refer to these <link
	  xlink:href="http://kernelnomicon.org/?p=164">setup
	  instructions</link> and <link
	  xlink:href="http://www.raspberrypi.org/quick-start-guide">quick
	  start guide</link>.</para>

      <para revision="253396">The default ABI on ARM is now the ARM
	EABI. This brings a number of improvements and allows future
	support for VFP and Thumb-2.</para>

      <para revision="239268">ARM support has been greatly improved,
	including support for ARMv6 and ARMv7, SMP and thread-local
	storage (TLS).  Additionally support for some newer SoC like
	the MV78x60 and OMAP4 was added.  See <link
	  xlink:href="http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-arm/2012-August/003757.html">this
	  announcement</link> for further details.</para>

      <para revision="254918">Superpages support on ARM has been
	added.  Superpages support provides improved performance and
	scalability by allowing TLB translations to dynamically cover
	large physical memory regions.  All ARMv6 and ARMv7-based
	platforms can take advantage of this feature.  See <link
	  xlink:href="https://wiki.freebsd.org/ARMSuperpages">this
	  page</link> for further details.</para>

    </sect3>

    <!--
    <sect3 xml:id="boot">
      <title>Boot Loader Changes</title>

      <para arch="amd64,i386" role="merged">The BTX kernel used by the
	boot loader has been changed to invoke BIOS routines from real
	mode.  This change makes it possible to boot &os; from USB
	devices.</para>

      <para arch="amd64,i386" role="merged">A new gptboot boot loader
	has been added to support booting from a GPT labeled disk.
	A new <command>boot</command> command has been added to
	&man.gpt.8;, which makes a GPT disk bootable by writing the
	required bits of the boot loader, creating a new boot
	partition if required.</para>

    </sect3>
    -->

    <sect3 xml:id="proc">
      <title>Hardware Support</title>

      <sect4 xml:id="mm">
	<title>Multimedia Support</title>

	<para revision="240609">Support for version 2.0 of the USB
	  Audio reference design has been added. New devices should
	  support higher bandwidth, increased sampling frequency and
	  wider dynamic range.</para>
      </sect4>

      <sect4 xml:id="net-if">
	<title>Network Interface Support</title>

	<para>The firmware for the &man.mxge.4; driver has been
	  1.4.55.</para>

	<para>The &man.re.4; driver has been overhauled to fix a
	  number of issues.  This driver now has Wake On LAN (WOL)
	  support.</para>

	<para>The &man.vr.4; driver has been overhauled to fix a
	  number of outstanding issues.  It also now works on all
	  architectures.</para>

	<para arch="amd64,i386" role="merged">The &man.wpi.4; driver
	  has been updated to include a number of stability
	  fixes.</para>

	<para revision="248925">The &man.cxgbe.4; driver has been
	  updated to support 40G/10G Ethernet NICs based on Chelsio's
	  Terminator 5 (T5) ASIC.</para>

	<para revision="256694">The iw_cxgbe driver has been added.
	  This is an experimental iWARP/RDMA driver (kernel verbs
	  only) for Chelsio's T4 and T5 based cards.</para>

	<para revision="255932">The Open Fabrics Enterprise
	  Distribution (OFED) and OFED Infiniband core has been
	  updated to the same version as supplied by Linux version
	  3.7</para>

	<para revision="255932">The Mellanox Infiniband driver has
	  been updated to firmware version 2.30.3200 for ConnectX3
	  NICs.  Support has been added for ConnectX3 VPI NICs, where
	  each port can be used as Infiniband 56 GB/s or Ethernet 40
	  GB/s.  Support has been added for dynamically loading kernel
	  modules for Infiniband core (ibcore) and IP over Infiniband
	  (ipoib).</para>

	<para revision="227614">&man.netmap.4; has been added.
	  &man.netmap.4; is a framework for high-performance
	  direct-to-hardware packet IO, offering low latency and high
	  PPS rates to userland applications while bypassing any
	  kernel-side packet processing.  With &man.netmap.4; it is
	  trivially possible to fully saturate a 10 Gbps network
	  interface with minimal packet sizes.  For more information,
	  see: <link
	    xlink:href="http://info.iet.unipi.it/~luigi/netmap/">Netmap
	    Project</link>.</para>
      </sect4>
    </sect3>

    <sect3 xml:id="net-proto">
      <title>Network Protocols</title>

      <para revision="228571">&man.carp.4; has been rewritten to make
	addresses more sane from the viewpoint of routing daemons such
	as quagga/zebra. It also brings support for a single redundant
	address on the subnet (carpdev), switching state with
	&man.ifconfig.8;, better locking and using modern kernel
	interfaces to allocate multicast memberships.  Configuration
	of the CARP protocol via &man.ifconfig.8; has changed, as well
	as format of CARP events submitted to &man.devd.8; has
	changed. See &man.carp.4; for more information. The arpbalance
	feature of &man.carp.4; is currently not supported
	anymore.</para>

      <para revision="240233">The &man.pf.4; firewall now supports
	fine-grain locking and better utilization on multi-cpu
	machines resulting in significant improvements in
	performance.</para>

      <para revision="250700">Support for up to 65536 routing tables
	has been introduced.</para>

      <para revision="248552">Support for setting/matching
	differentiated services codepoints (DSCP) in IP header has
	been added to &man.ipfw.8;.</para>
    </sect3>

    <sect3 xml:id="disks">
      <title>Disks and Storage</title>

      <para role="merged">The &man.aac.4; driver now supports volumes
	larger than 2TB in size.</para>

      <para>The &man.ata.4; driver now supports a spindown command for
	disks; after a configurable amount of time, if no requests
	have been received for a disk, the disk will be spun down
	until the next request.  The &man.atacontrol.8; utility now
	supports a <command>spindown</command> command to configure
	this feature.</para>

      <para role="merged">The &man.hptrr.4; driver has been updated to
	version 1.2 from Highpoint.</para>

      <para revision="240616">&man.nvme.4; has been added and provides
	NVM Express support.  NVM Express is an optimized register
	interface, command set and feature set of PCI Express
	(PCIe)-based Solid-State Drives (SSDs).  For more information,
	see <link
	  xlink:href="http://http://www.nvmexpress.org/">nvmexpress.org</link>.</para>
    </sect3>

    <sect3 xml:id="fs">
      <title>File Systems</title>

      <para revision="255570">A new kernel-based iSCSI target and
	initiator has been added</para>

      <para revision="243246">UFS filesystems can now be enlarged with
	&man.growfs.8; while mounted read-write. This is especially
	useful for virtual machines, allowing the addition of more
	harddrive space without interruption of service.</para>

      <para revision="241519">A state of the art FUSE implementation
	is now part of the base system. It allows the use of nearly
	all fusefs file systems</para>

      <sect4 xml:id="fs-zfs">
	<title>ZFS</title>

	<para revision="256361">&man.bsdinstall.8; now supports
	  installing ZFS on the root file system.  It includes
	  a single configuration menu that allows you to select all of
	  the required details, including which drives to use, what
	  ZFS RAID level to use (taking into consideration the
	  selected number of drives), GPT or MBR, GELI encryption,
	  forcing 4K sectors, pool name, etc.</para>

	<para revision="240868">TRIM support has been added for
	  ZFS.</para>

	<para revision="246586">Support for the high performance LZ4
	  compression algorithm has been added to ZFS. LZ4 is usually
	  faster and can achieve a higher compression ratio than LZJB,
	  the default compression algorithm</para>

	<para revision="252140">Support for L2ARC compression has been
	  added to ZFS.</para>

	<para revision="243524">The zio nop-write improvement from
	  Illumos was imported into &os;. To reduce I/O, nop-write
	  skips overwriting data if the checksum (cryptographically
	  secure) of new data matches the checksum of existing data.
	  It also saves space if snapshots are in use.  This
	  improvement only works only on datasets with enabled
	  compression, disabled deduplication and sha256
	  checksums.</para>

	<para>ZFS will now compare the checksums of incoming writes to
	  the checksum of the existing on-disk data and avoid issuing
	  any write I/O for data that has not changed. This will
	  reduce I/O as well as space usage because if the old block
	  is referenced by a snapshot, both copies of the block are
	  kept even though both contain the same data.</para>
      </sect4>
    </sect3>
  </sect2>

  <sect2 xml:id="userland">
    <title>Userland Changes</title>

    <para revision="255321">On platforms where &man.clang.1; is the
      default system compiler, (such as i386, amd64, arm) GCC and GNU
      libstdc++ are no longer built by default.  &man.clang.1; and
      libc++ from LLVM are used on these platforms by instead.  GCC
      4.2.1 and libstdc++ are still built and used by default on pc98
	and all other platforms where &man.clang.1; is not the default
	system compiler.</para>

    <para revision="251662">&man.clang.1; and llvm have been updated
     to version 3.3 release.  Please refer to <link
       xlink:href="http://llvm.org/releases/3.3/tools/clang/docs/ReleaseNotes.html">
       Clang 3.3 Release Notes.</link></para>

    <para role="merged" revision="255949">BIND has been replaced by
      &man.unbound.8; for local dns resolution in the base system.
      With this change, nslookup and dig are no longer a part of the
      base system.  Users should instead use &man.host.1; and
      &man.drill.1; Alternatively, nslookup and dig can be obtained by
      installing the dns/bind-tools port.</para>

    <para revision="225937">sysinstall has been removed from the base
      system.  Auxiliary libraries and tools used by sysinstall such
      as libdisk, libftpio, and sade have also been removed.
      sysinstall has been replaced by &man.bsdinstall.8; and
      &man.bsdconfig.8;.</para>

    <para revision="256106">&man.freebsd-version.1; has been added.
      This tool makes a best effort to determine the version and patch
      level of the installed kernel and userland.</para>

    <para revision="255191">GNU patch has been removed from the base
      system, and replaced by a BSD-licensed &man.patch.1;
      program.</para>

    <para revision="241511">GNU sort has been removed from the base
      system, and replaced by a BSD-licensed &man.sort.1;
      program.</para>

    <para revision="235723">Berkely yacc (byacc) has been imported
      from <link
	xlink:href="http://invisible-island.net/byacc/">invisible
	island</link>.  This brings bison compatibilities to
      &man.yacc.1; while preserving full backwards compatibility with
      previous version of &man.yacc.1;.</para>

    <para revision="250881">&man.lex.1; has been replaced by flex
      2.5.37</para>

    <para revision="250699">&man.make.1; has been replaced with the
      "Portable" BSD make tool (bmake) from NetBSD.</para>

    <para revision="243023">Support for usernames up to 32
      characters.</para>

    <para role="merged">The &man.adduser.8; utility now supports
      a <option>-M</option> option to set the mode of a new user's
      home directory.</para>

    <para>BSD-licensed versions of &man.ar.1; and &man.ranlib.1;,
      based on <filename>libarchive</filename>, have replaced the GNU
      Binutils versions of these utilities.</para>

    <para>BSD-licensed versions of &man.bc.1; and &man.dc.1; have
      replaced their GNU counterparts.</para>

    <para role="merged">&man.chflags.1; now supports
      a <option>-v</option> flag for verbose output and
      a <option>-f</option> flag to ignore errors with the same
      semantics as (for example) &man.chmod.1;.</para>

    <para>For compatibility with other implementations, &man.cp.1; now
      supports a <option>-a</option> flag, which is equivalent to
      specifying the <option>-RrP</option> flags.</para>

    <para>BSD-licensed version of &man.cpio.1; based on
      <filename>libarchive</filename>, has replaced the GNU cpio.
      Note that the GNU cpio is still installed as
      <filename>gcpio</filename>.</para>

    <para>The &man.env.1; program now supports <option>-u
	<replaceable>name</replaceable></option> which will completely
      unset the given variable <replaceable>name</replaceable> by
      removing it from the environment, instead of just setting it to
      a null value.</para>

    <para>The &man.fdopendir.3; library function has been
      added.</para>

    <para role="merged">The &man.fetch.3; library now support HTTP 1.1
      If-Modified-Since behavior.  The &man.fetch.1; program now
      supports <option>-i <replaceable>filename</replaceable></option>
      which will only download the specified HTTP URL if the content
      is newer than <replaceable>filename</replaceable>.</para>

    <para>&man.find.1; has been enhanced by the addition of a number
      of primaries that were present in GNU find but not &os;
      &man.find.1;.</para>

    <para>&man.kgdb.1; now supports a new <command>add-kld</command>
      command to make it easier to debug crash dumps with kernel
      modules.</para>

    <para>The &man.ls.1; program now supports a <option>-D</option>
      option to specify a date format string to be used with the long
      format (<option>-l</option>) output.</para>

    <para>&man.nc.1; now supports a <option>-O</option> switch to
      disable the use of TCP options.</para>

    <para>&man.nc.1;'s <option>-o</option> switch has been deprecated.
      It will be removed in a future release.</para>

    <para>The &man.ping6.8; utility now returns <literal>2</literal>
      when the packet transmission was successful but no responses
      were received (this is the same behavior as &man.ping.8;).
      It returned a non-zero value before this change.</para>

    <para role="merged">The &man.realpath.1; utility now supports
      a <option>-q</option> flag to suppress warnings; it now also
      accepts multiple paths on its command line.</para>

    <para>&man.sh.1; has many bug fixes, some new features, and will
      now refuse to parse some invalid scripts.  Additionally, it now
      has filename completion and defaults to the &quot;emacs&quot;
      editing mode.</para>

    <para>The &man.split.1; utility now supports a <option>-n</option>
      flag to split a file into a certain number of chunks.</para>

    <para>The &man.tar.1; utility now supports a <option>-Z</option>
      flag to enable &man.compress.1;-style
      compression/decompression.</para>

    <para>The &man.tar.1; utility now supports a
      <option>--numeric-owner</option> flag to ignore user/group names
      on create and extract.</para>

    <para>The &man.tar.1; utility now supports an
      <option>-S</option> flag to sparsify files on extraction.</para>

    <para>The &man.tar.1; utility now supports a <option>-s</option>
      flag to substitute filenames based on the specified regular
      expression.</para>

    <para>The &man.tcgetsid.3; library function has been added to
      return the process group ID for the session leader for the
      controlling terminal.  It is defined in IEEE Std 1003.1-2001
      (POSIX).</para>

    <para>&man.top.1; now supports a <option>-P</option> flag to
      provide per-CPU usage statistics.</para>

    <para>&man.zdump.8; is now working properly on 64 bit
      architectures.</para>

    <para>&man.traceroute.8; now has the ability to print the AS
      number for each hop with the new <option>-a</option> switch; a
      new <option>-A</option> option allows selecting a particular
      WHOIS server.</para>

    <para>&man.traceroute6.8; now supports a <option>-U</option> flag
      to send probe packets with no upper-layer protocol, rather than
      the usual UDP probe packets.</para>

    <sect3 xml:id="rc-scripts">
      <title><filename>/etc/rc.d</filename> Scripts</title>

      <para>&nbsp;</para>
    </sect3>
  </sect2>

  <sect2 xml:id="contrib">
    <title>Contributed Software</title>

    <para revision="251300">&man.jemalloc.3; has been updated to
      3.4.0.  See <link
	xlink:href="http://www.facebook.com/jemalloc/">this
	link</link> for more details.</para>

    <para role="merged"><application>AMD</application> has been
      updated from 6.0.10 to 6.1.5.</para>

    <para role="merged"><application>awk</application> has been
      updated from 1 May
      2007 release to the 20121220 release.</para>

    <para revision="251794"><application>CVS</application> has been
      removed from the base system, but is still available from
      ports</para>

    <para revision="251886">Subversion has been imported into the base
      system and is installed as <application>svnlite</application>.
      <application>svnlite</application> should only be used for
      checking out &os; source and committing, and does not replace
      the full Subversion port.</para>

    <para revision="234449"><application>file</application> has been
      updated to 5.11.</para>

    <para revision="252726"><application>hostapd</application> has
      been updated from 0.5.8 to 0.5.10.</para>

    <para><application>IPFilter</application> has been updated to
      5.1.2.</para>

    <para revision="250592"><application>less</application> has been
      updated to v458.</para>

    <para><application>ncurses</application> has been updated from to
      5.7-20081102.</para>

    <para role="merged"><application>OpenSSH</application> has been
      updated to 6.4.</para>

    <para revision="236109"><application>OpenPAM</application> has
      been updated to the Micrampelis release.</para>

    <para role="merged"><application>sendmail</application> has been
      updated from 8.14.1 to 8.14.7.</para>

    <para role="merged">The timezone database has been updated from
      the <application>tzdata2008h</application> release to
      the <application>tzdata2009m</application> release.</para>

    <para>The stdtime part of libc, &man.zdump.8; and &man.zic.8; have
      been updated from the <application>tzcode2004a</application>
      release to the <application>tzcode2009h</application> release.
      If you have upgraded from source or via the
      &man.freebsd-update.8;, then please run &man.tzsetup.8; to
      install a new /etc/localtime.</para>

    <para revision="252726"><application>WPA Supplicant</application>
      has been updated to 2.0.</para>

    <para role="merged"><application>xz</application> has been updated
      from snapshot as of 12 April 2010 to 5.0.0.</para>

    <para revision="258231" role="merged">&man.nvi.1; has been updated
      to 2.1.2.</para>

    <para revision="254225">&man.nvi.1; supports wide character
      locales.</para>
  </sect2>

  <sect2 xml:id="ports">
    <title>Ports/Packages Collection Infrastructure</title>

    <para revision="257444">The pkg_add, pkg_create, pkg_delete,
      pkg_info, pkg_updating, and pkg_version utilities have been
      removed.  &man.pkg.7; must now be used to install binary
      packages.  &man.pkg.7; is the next generation &os; package
      manager, also referred to as "pkgng".</para>
  </sect2>

  <sect2 xml:id="releng">
    <title>Release Engineering and Integration</title>

    <para role="merged">The supported version of the
      <application>GNOME</application> desktop environment
      (<package>x11/gnome2</package>) has been updated from 2.20.1
      to 2.22.</para>
  </sect2>

  <sect2 xml:id="doc">
    <title>Documentation</title>

    <para>&nbsp;</para>
  </sect2>
</sect1>

<sect1 xml:id="upgrade">
  <title>Upgrading from previous releases of &os;</title>

  <para arch="amd64,i386">Binary upgrades between RELEASE versions
    (and snapshots of the various security branches) are supported
    using the &man.freebsd-update.8; utility.  The binary upgrade
    procedure will update unmodified userland utilities, as well as
    unmodified GENERIC kernels distributed as a part of an official
    &os; release.  The &man.freebsd-update.8; utility requires that
    the host being upgraded have Internet connectivity.</para>

  <para>Source-based upgrades (those based on recompiling the &os;
    base system from source code) from previous versions are
    supported, according to the instructions in
    <filename>/usr/src/UPDATING</filename>.</para>

  <important>
    <para>Upgrading &os; should only be attempted after backing up
      <emphasis>all</emphasis> data and configuration files.</para>
  </important>
</sect1>
</article>