path: root/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/relnotes/article.sgml

<articleinfo>
  <title>&os;/&arch; &release.current; Release Notes</title>

  <corpauthor>The FreeBSD Project</corpauthor>

  <pubdate>$FreeBSD$</pubdate>

  <copyright>
    <year>2000</year>
    <year>2001</year>
    <year>2002</year>
    <year>2003</year>
    <year>2004</year>
    <holder role="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org">The FreeBSD Documentation Project</holder>
  </copyright>

  <abstract>
    <para>The release notes for &os; &release.current; contain a summary
      of
<![ %include.historic; [
      the changes made to the &os; base system since &release.prev;.
]]>
<![ %no.include.historic; [
      recent changes made to the &os; base system on the &release.branch;
      development branch.
]]>
      This document lists applicable security advisories that were issued since
      the last release, as well as significant changes to the &os;
      kernel and userland.
      Some brief remarks on upgrading are also presented.</para>
  </abstract>
</articleinfo>

<sect1 id="intro">
  <title>Introduction</title>

  <para>This document contains the release notes for &os;
    &release.current; on the &arch.print; hardware platform.  It
    describes recently added, changed, or deleted features of &os;.
    It also provides some notes on upgrading
    from previous versions of &os;.</para>

<![ %release.type.snapshot [

  <para>The &release.type; distribution to which these release notes
    apply represents a point along the &release.branch; development
    branch between &release.prev; and the future &release.next;.  Some
    pre-built, binary &release.type; distributions along this branch
    can be found at <ulink url="&release.url;"></ulink>.</para>

]]>

<![ %release.type.release [

  <para>This distribution of &os; &release.current; is a
    &release.type; distribution.  It can be found at <ulink
    url="&release.url;"></ulink> or any of its mirrors.  More
    information on obtaining this (or other) &release.type;
    distributions of &os; can be found in the <ulink
    url="http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors.html"><quote>Obtaining
    FreeBSD</quote> appendix</ulink> to the <ulink
    url="http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/">FreeBSD
    Handbook</ulink>.</para>

]]>

  <para>Users who are new to the &release.branch; series of &os;
    &release.type;s should also read the <quote>Early Adopters Guide
    to &os; &release.current;</quote>.  This document can generally be
    found in the same location as the release notes (either as a part of a
    &os; distribution or on the &os; Web site).  It contains important
    information regarding the advantages and disadvantages of using
    &os; &release.current;, as opposed to releases based on the &os;
    4-STABLE development branch.</para>

  <para>All users are encouraged to consult the release errata before
    installing &os;.  The errata document is updated with
    <quote>late-breaking</quote> information discovered late in the
    release cycle or after the release.  Typically, it contains
    information on known bugs, security advisories, and corrections to
    documentation.  An up-to-date copy of the errata for &os;
    &release.current; can be found on the &os; Web site.</para>

</sect1>

<sect1 id="new">
  <title>What's New</title>

  <para>This section describes
<![ %include.historic; [
      the most user-visible new or changed features in &os;
      since &release.prev;.
      In general, changes described here are unique to the &release.branch;
      branch unless specifically marked as &merged; features.
]]>
<![ %no.include.historic; [
      many of the user-visible new or changed features in &os;
      since &release.prev;.  It includes items that are unique to the
      &release.branch; branch, as well as some features that may have been
      recently merged to
      other branches (after &os; &release.prev.historic;).  The latter
      items are marked as &merged;.
]]>
  </para>

  <para>Typical release note items
    document recent security advisories issued after
    &release.prev.historic;,
    new drivers or hardware support, new commands or options,
    major bug fixes, or contributed software upgrades.  They may also
    list changes to major ports/packages or release engineering
    practices.  Clearly the release notes cannot list every single
    change made to &os; between releases; this document focuses
    primarily on security advisories, user-visible changes, and major
    architectural improvements.</para>

  <sect2 id="security">
    <title>Security Advisories</title>

    <para>A bug in &man.mksnap.ffs.8; has been fixed; it caused the creation of a
      filesystem snapshot to reset the flags on the filesystem to
      their default values.  The possible consequences depended on local
      usage, but could include disabling extended access control lists
      or enabling the use of setuid executables stored on an untrusted
      filesystem.  This bug also affected the &man.dump.8;
      <option>-L</option> option, which uses &man.mksnap.ffs.8;.  Note
      that &man.mksnap.ffs.8; is normally only available to the
      superuser and members of the <groupname>operator</groupname>
      group.  For more information, see security advisory <ulink
      url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-04:01.mksnap_ffs.asc">FreeBSD-SA-04:01</ulink>.</para>

    <para>A bug with the System V Shared Memory interface
      (specifically the &man.shmat.2; system call) has been fixed.
      This bug can cause a shared memory segment to reference
      unallocated kernel memory.  In turn, this can permit a local
      attacker to gain unauthorized access to parts of kernel memory,
      possibly resulting in disclosure of sensitive information,
      bypass of access control mechanisms, or privilege escalation.
      More details can be found in security advisory <ulink
      url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-04:02.shmat.asc">FreeBSD-SA-04:02</ulink>.
      &merged;</para>

    <para>A programming error in the &man.jail.attach.2; system call
      has been fixed.  This error could allow a process with superuser
      privileges inside a &man.jail.8; environment to change its root
      directory to that of a different jail, and thus gain full read
      and write access to files and directories within the target
      jail.  More information can be found in security advisory <ulink
      url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-04:03.jail.asc">FreeBSD-SA-04:03</ulink>.</para>

    <para>A potential low-bandwidth denial-of-service attack against
      the &os; TCP stack has been prevented by limiting the number of
      out-of-sequence TCP segments that can be held at one time.  More
      details can be found in security advisory <ulink
      url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-04:04.tcp.asc">FreeBSD-SA-04:04</ulink>.
      &merged;</para>

    <para>A bug in <application>OpenSSL</application>'s SSL/TLS
      ChangeCipherSpec message processing could result in
      a null pointer dereference, has been fixed.
      This could allow a remote attacker to crash an
      <application>OpenSSL</application>-using
      application and cause a denial-of-service on the system.
      More details can be found in security advisory <ulink
      url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-04:05.openssl.asc">FreeBSD-SA-04:05</ulink>.
      &merged;</para>

    <para>A programming error in the handling of some IPv6
      socket options within the &man.setsockopt.2; system call
      has been fixed.  This allows a local attacker to cause a
      system panic, and may allow to gain unauthorized access to
      parts of kernel memory, possibly resulting in disclosure
      of sensitive information, bypass of access control
      mechanisms, or privilege escalation.
      More details can be found in security advisory <ulink
      url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-04:06.ipv6.asc">FreeBSD-SA-04:06</ulink>.</para>

    <para>Two programming errors in <application>CVS</application>
      have been fixed.  They allow a server to overwrite arbitrary
      files on the client, and a client to read arbitrary files
      on the server when accessing remote CVS repositories.
      More details can be found in security advisory <ulink
      url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-04:07.cvs.asc">FreeBSD-SA-04:07</ulink>. &merged;</para>
  </sect2>

  <sect2 id="kernel">
    <title>Kernel Changes</title>

    <para arch="i386">The &man.acpi.toshiba.4; driver has been added
      to use Toshiba's Hardware Control Interface to manipulate
      certain hardware features on Toshiba laptops.</para>

    <para arch="i386">The &man.acpi.toshiba.4; driver now supports
      video output switching.</para>

    <para>The &man.acpi.video.4; driver has been added to provide
      control display switching and backlight brightness using the
      ACPI Video Extensions.</para>

    <para arch="i386">The &man.ctau.4; driver has been added for Cronyx-Tau
      synchronous serial adapters. This driver was known for a long time as
      <quote>ct</quote> in its previous life outside the &os; source tree. &merged;

      <note>
	<para>The driver name has changed, but the network interface still
	  has the <quote>ct</quote> name.</para>
      </note>
    </para>

    <para>&man.devfs.5; path rules now work correctly on
      directories.</para>

    <para arch="i386,pc98">The dgb (DigiBoard intelligent serial card) driver has been
      removed due to breakage.  Its replacement is the &man.digi.4; driver,
      which supports all the hardware of the dgb driver.</para>

    <para>The &man.getvfsent.3; API has been removed.</para>

    <para arch="i386">The loran (Loran-C receiver) driver has been removed due to
      breakage and lack of maintainership.</para>

    <para>The raid(4), RAIDframe disk driver from NetBSD has been removed.
      This is currently non-functional, and would require some amount of work
      to make it work under the &man.geom.4; API in 5-CURRENT.</para>

    <para arch="i386,pc98">The sx driver, which supports Specialix I/O8+ and I/O4+
      intelligent multiport serial controllers has been added.</para>

    <para arch="alpha,amd64,i386">For the &man.uart.4; device
      <varname>hw.uart.console</varname> and
      <varname>hw.uart.dbgport</varname> environment variables
      have been added.  They can be used to select a serial console and
      debug port respectively, as well as the attributes.</para>

    <para>The &man.ubser.4; device driver has been added to support
      BWCT console management serial adapters.</para>

    <para>The ULE scheduler is now the default scheduler in the
      <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel.  For the average user,
      interactivity is reported to be better in many cases.  This
      means less <quote>skipping</quote> and <quote>jerking</quote> in
      interactive applications while the machine is very busy.  This
      will not prevent problems due to overloaded disk subsystems, but
      it does help with overloaded CPUs.  On SMP machines, ULE has
      per-CPU run queues which allow for CPU affinity, CPU binding,
      and advanced HyperThreading support, as well as providing a
      framework for more optimizations in the future.  As fine-grained
      kernel locking continues, the scheduler will be able to make
      more efficient use of the available parallel resources.</para>

    <!-- Above this line, sort kernel changes by manpage/keyword-->

    <para>The device driver infrastructure (as well as many drivers)
      have been updated.  Among the changes: Many more drivers now use
      automatically-assigned major numbers (instead of the old static
      major numbers).  Enhanced functions to support cloning of
      pseudodevices.  Several changes to the driver API, including a
      new <varname>d_version</varname> field in <varname>struct
      cdevsw</varname>.  Note that third-party device drivers will
      require recompiling after this change.</para>

    <para>The kernel's file descriptor allocation code has been
      updated, and is now derived from similar code in OpenBSD.</para>

    <para arch="sparc64">On &os;/sparc64, <varname>time_t</varname>
      has been changed from a 32-bit value to a 64-bit value.

      <note>
	<para>Since this change is not backward-compatible,
	  any programs which were built on an older system using
	  a 32-bit <varname>time_t</varname> and
	  call system routines for handling
	  <varname>time_t</varname> values, will have to be recompiled.
	  More detailed information and notice on upgrading from
	  the source can be found in
	  <filename>/usr/src/UPDATING.64BTT</filename>.</para>
      </note>
    </para>

    <para arch="i386">It is now possible to compile the &os;/i386
      kernel with the Intel C/C++ Compiler (as in the <filename
      role="package">lang/icc</filename> port).</para>

    <sect3 id="proc">
      <title>Platform-Specific Hardware Support</title>

      <para arch="i386">The entropy device &man.random.4; now
        supports a hardware random number generator (RNG)
        in the VIA C3 Nehemiah (Stepping 3 and above) CPU.</para>

      <para arch="i386">Several old drivers for ISA cards have been removed,
	including
	the asc driver for GI1904-based hand scanners,
	the ctx driver for CORTEX-I Frame Grabber,
	the gp driver for National Instruments AT-GPIB and AT-GPIB/TNT boards,
	the gsc driver for the Genius GS-4500 hand scanner,
	the le driver for DEC EtherWORKS II and III ethernet controllers,
	the rdp driver for RealTek RTL 8002-based pocket ethernet adapters,
	the spigot driver for the Creative Labs Video Spigot video-acquisition board,
	the stl and stli drivers for Stallion Technologies multiport serial
	controllers, and the wt driver for Archive/Wangtek cartridge tapes.
	They are currently non-functional, and would require a considerable
	amount of work to make them work under the new API in 5-CURRENT.
	The userland support such as related ioctls and utilities including
	sasc and sgsc has also been removed.</para>
    </sect3>

    <sect3 id="boot">
      <title>Boot Loader Changes</title>

      <para arch="i386">A serial console-capable version of
	<filename>boot0</filename> has been added.  It can be written
	to a disk using &man.boot0cfg.8; and specifying
	<filename>/boot/boot0sio</filename> as the argument to the
	<option>-b</option> option.</para>

      <para arch="i386"><filename>cdboot</filename> now works around a
	BIOS problem observed on some systems when booting from USB
	CDROM drives.</para>

      <!-- Above this line, order boot loader changes by keyword-->

    </sect3>

    <sect3 id="net-if">
      <title>Network Interface Support</title>

      <para arch="i386">The &man.arl.4; driver, which supports
	Aironet Arlan 655 wireless adapters has been added.</para>

      <para arch="sparc64">The &man.dc.4; driver now supports sparc64
	Davicom cards that store their MAC address in
	OpenFirmware.</para>

      <para arch="i386,pc98">The hea (Efficient Networks, Inc. ENI-155p ATM adapter)
	driver has been removed due to breakage.  Its functionality
	has been subsumed into the &man.en.4; driver.</para>

      <para>A short hiccup in the &man.em.4; during parameter
	reconfiguration, has been fixed.  &merged;</para>

      <para arch="i386">The lmc (LAN Media Corp. PCI WAN adapter) driver has been
	removed due to breakage and lack of maintainership.</para>

      <para arch="i386">&os; now provides a binary compatibility layer
	for using &microsoft.windows; NDIS drivers for network
	adapters under &os;/i386.  It includes a relocator/linker for
	&windows; <filename>.SYS</filename> files to interface with
	the &os; kernel and emulates various parts of the NDIS API
	using native &os; kernel functions.  This system supports PCI
	and CardBus network devices, and is designed principally for
	Ethernet and wireless network interfaces.
	For more information, see the &man.ndis.4; and
	&man.ndiscvt.8; manual pages.</para>

      <para>The &man.ng.atmllc.4; Netgraph node type, which handles
        RFC 1483 ATM LLC encapsulation, has been added.</para>

      <para>The &man.ng.vlan.4; NetGraph node type, which supports
        IEEE 802.1Q VLAN tagging has been added.  &merged;</para>

      <para>A bug that prevents VLAN support in the &man.nge.4; driver
        from working has been fixed.  &merged;</para>

      <para>The &man.pci.4; bus resource and power management have
	been updated.

	<note>
	  <para>Although the &man.pci.4; bus power state management
	    has been enabled, it may cause problems on some systems.
	    This can be disabled by setting the tunable
	    <varname>hw.pci.do_powerstate</varname> to 0.</para>
	</note>
      </para>

      <para>Several bugs related to &man.polling.4; support
        in the &man.rl.4; driver have been fixed.  &merged;</para>

      <para>Several bugs related to multicast and promiscuous mode
	handling in the &man.sk.4; driver have been fixed.</para>

      <para>The &man.ste.4; driver now supports &man.polling.4;.
        &merged;</para>

      <para>The &man.udav.4; driver has been added.  It provides
	support for USB Ethernet adapters based on the Davicom DM9601
	chipset.</para>

      <para>The &man.vr.4; driver now supports &man.polling.4;.</para>

      <para>The hardware TX checksum support in the &man.xl.4; driver
	has been disabled as it does not work correctly and slows down
	the transmission rate.  &merged;</para>

      <para>The per-interface &man.polling.4; support has been
	implemented.  All of the network drivers that support &man.polling.4;
	(&man.dc.4;, &man.fxp.4;, &man.em.4;, &man.nge.4;, &man.re.4;,
	&man.rl.4;, &man.sis.4;, &man.ste.4;, and &man.vr.4;)
	now also support this capability and it can be controlled
	via &man.ifconfig.8;.</para>
    </sect3>

    <sect3 id="net-proto">
      <title>Network Protocols</title>

      <para>The &man.gre.4; tunnel driver now supports WCCP version
	2.</para>

      <para>Some bugs in the IPsec implementation from the KAME
	Project have been fixed.  These bugs were related to freeing
	memory objects before all references to them were removed, and
	could cause erratic behavior or kernel panics after flushing
	the Security Policy Database (SPD).</para>

      <para>The <literal>PFIL_HOOKS</literal> option is now enabled by
	default in the <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel.  The most
	notable effect of this change is to make
	<application>IPFilter</application> work correctly when loaded
	as a kernel module.</para>

      <para>The following TCP features are now enabled by default: RFC
	3042 (Limited Retransmit), RFC 3390 (increased initial
	congestion window sizes), TCP bandwidth-delay product
	limiting.  More information can be found in &man.tcp.4;.</para>

      <para>&os;'s TCP implementation now includes support for a
	minimum MSS (settable via the
	<varname>net.inet.tcp.minmss</varname> sysctl variable) and a
	rate limit on connections that send many small TCP segments
	within a short period of time (via the
	<varname>net.inet.tcp.minmssoverload</varname> sysctl
	variable).  Connections exceeding this limit may be reset and
	dropped.  This feature provides protection against a class of
	resource exhaustion attacks.</para>

      <para>The TCP implementation now includes partial (output-only)
	support for RFC 2385 (TCP-MD5) digest support.  This feature,
	enabled with the <literal>TCP_SIGNATURE</literal> and
	<literal>FAST_IPSEC</literal> kernel options, is a TCP option
	for authenticating TCP sessions.  &man.setkey.8; now includes
	support for the TCP-MD5 class of security associations.
	&merged;</para>
    </sect3>

    <sect3 id="disks">
      <title>Disks and Storage</title>

      <para>The &man.ata.4; driver now supports cardbus ATA/SATA
        controllers.</para>

      <para>A number of bugs in the &man.ata.4; driver have been
	fixed.  Most notably, master/slave device detection should
	work better, and some problems with timeouts should be
	resolved.</para>

      <para>The &man.ata.4; driver now supports the Promise command
	sequencer present on all modern Promise controllers
	(PDC203** PDC206**).

	<note>
	  <para>This also adds preliminary support for the
	    Promise SX4/SX4000 as a <quote>normal</quote> Promise ATA
	    controller; ATA RAID's are supported though
	    but only RAID0, RAID1 and RAID0+1.</para>
	</note>
      </para>

      <para arch="pc98">A bug of the automatic density selection code
	in the &man.fd.4; driver has been fixed.</para>

      <para>The &man.ips.4; driver now supports the recent
	Adaptec ServeRAID series SCSI controller cards.</para>

      <para arch="sparc64">A bug in the &man.isp.4; driver
        which prevents the cards on SBus from working correctly,
	has been fixed.</para>

      <para arch="i386">The &man.twa.4; driver, which supports
	3ware's 9000 series PATA/SATA RAID controllers has been added.  &merged;</para>

      <para>The &man.umass.4; driver now supports the missing
	ATAPI MMC commands and handles the timeout properly.  &merged;</para>
    </sect3>

    <sect3 id="fs">
      <title>File Systems</title>

      <para>The EXT2FS file system code now includes partial support
	for large (&gt; 4GB) files.  This support is partial in that
	it will refuse to create large files on filesystems that have
	not been upgraded to <literal>EXT2_DYN_REV</literal> or that
	do not have the
	<literal>EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_LARGE_FILE</literal> flag set
	in the superblock.</para>

      <para>A bug in GEOM that could result in I/O hangs in some rare
	cases has been fixed.</para>

      <para>A new geom_concat class has been added to concatenate
        multiple disks to appear as a single larger disk.  The
        &man.gconcat.8; utility is used for configurating concatenated
        disks.</para>

      <para>A panic in the NFSv4 client has been fixed; this occurred
	when attempting operations against an NFSv3/NFSv2-only
	server.</para>

      <para>The SMBFS client now has support for SMB request signing,
	which prevents <quote>man in the middle</quote> attacks and is
	required in order to connect to Windows 2003 servers in their
	default configuration.  As signing each message imposes a
	significant performance penalty, this feature is only enabled
	if the server requires it; this may eventually become an
	option to &man.mount.smbfs.8;.</para>
    </sect3>

    <sect3 id="mm">
      <title>Multimedia Support</title>

      <para>The meteor (video capture) driver has been removed due to
	breakage and lack of maintainership.</para>

    </sect3>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 id="userland">
    <title>Userland Changes</title>

    <para>&man.bsdlabel.8; now supports a <option>-f</option> option
      to work on files instead of disk partitions.</para>

    <para>The <command>bthidcontrol</command> command and the
      <command>bthidd</command> command, which support Bluetooth
      HID (Human Interface Device), have been added.</para>

    <para>The <command>doscmd</command> utility has been
      removed from the &os; base system, and has been available
      in the &os; Ports Collection instead.</para>

    <para>&man.dump.8; and &man.restore.8; now support
      a <option>-P</option> option to specify backup methods
      other than files and tapes.  The argument is passed to
      a normal &man.sh.1; pipeline with either
      <varname>$DUMP_VOLUME</varname> or <varname>$RESTORE_VOLUME</varname>
      defined in the environment, respectively.
      For more information, see &man.dump.8; and &man.restore.8;.</para>

    <para arch="pc98">The &man.fdcontrol.8;, &man.fdformat.1;, and
      &man.fdread.1; utilities now work on &os;/pc98.</para>

    <para>The &man.find.1; now supports a option
      <option>-acl</option> to locate files with &man.acl.3;.</para>

    <para>&man.indent.1; now supports a <option>-ldi</option> option
      to control indentation of local variables.  A number of other
      tunings were made to this utility.</para>

    <para>&man.ifconfig.8; now supports renaming of network interfaces
      at run-time using the <option>name</option> parameter.</para>

    <para>&man.ifconfig.8; now prints the &man.polling.4; status
      on the interface.  &merged;</para>

    <para>&man.ip6fw.8; now supports a <option>-n</option> flag to
      stop it from making any changes to the rules in the kernel</para>

    <para>&man.ipcs.1; now supports a <option>-u</option> option to
      display information about IPC mechanisms owned by the specified
      user.</para>

    <para>&man.ipfw.8; now supports a <option>-b</option> flag to
      print only the action and comment for each rule, thus omitting
      the rule body.</para>

    <para>&man.killall.1; now supports a <option>-e</option> flag to
      make the <option>-u</option> operate on effective, rather than
      real, user ids. &merged;</para>

    <para>&man.libalias.3; now has support (and a new API) for
      multiple aliasing instances in a single process.  The existing
      API has been reimplemented in terms of the new one to preserve
      compatibility.</para>

    <para>A <filename>libarchive</filename> library for manipulation
      of compressed and uncompressed archive files has been
      added.  More details can be found in &man.libarchive.3;.</para>

    <para arch="pc98"><filename>libdisk</filename> now uses the
      correct PC98 disk partition value for &os;.  This permits the
      &man.sysinstall.8; disk partition editor to correctly create a
      single &os; partition covering the entire disk. &merged;</para>

    <para><filename>libdisk</filename> now uses
      <varname>d_addr_t</varname> for disk addresses.
      This allows &man.sysinstall.8; to properly handle disks
      and filesystems more than 1 TB.</para>

    <para arch="i386,pc98,amd64,ia64">The library formerly known as
      <filename>libkse</filename> has been renamed
      <filename>libpthread</filename> and is now the default threading
      library on the i386, amd64, and ia64 platforms.
      <application>GCC</application>'s <option>-pthread</option>
      option has been changed to use <filename>libpthread</filename>
      rather than <filename>libc_r</filename>.

      <note>
	<para>Users with older binaries (for example, ports compiled
	  before this change was made) should use &man.libmap.conf.5;
	  to map <filename>libc_r</filename> and/or
	  <filename>libkse</filename> to
	  <filename>libpthread</filename>.</para>
      </note>

      <note>
	<para>Users with NVIDIA-supplied drivers and libraries may
	  need to use a &man.libmap.conf.5; that maps
	  <filename>libpthread</filename> references to the older
	  <filename>libc_r</filename> since these drivers and
	  utilities do not work with
	  <filename>libpthread</filename>.</para>
      </note>
    </para>

    <para>&man.make.1; now supports the new <literal>.warning</literal>
      directive.</para>

    <para>Initial support for UTF-8 versions of all the currently
      supported system locales has been added.  This is primarily
      for the benefit of the <filename role="package">misc/utf8locale</filename>
      port.</para>

    <para>The &man.logins.1; utility has been added to display
      information about user and system accounts.</para>

    <para>&man.mountd.8; now supports the <option>-p</option> option,
       which allows users to specify a known port for use
       in firewall rulesets.</para>

    <para>&man.netstat.1; now displays the multicast group
      memberships present in the system.</para>

    <para>&man.newfs.8; and &man.mdmfs.8; now support a
      <option>-l</option> flag to enable them to set the MAC
      multilabel flag on new filesystems without requiring the use of
      &man.tunefs.8;.</para>

    <para>&man.nologin.8; now reports login attempts via
       &man.syslogd.8;.</para>

    <para>&man.nologin.8; has been moved from <filename>/sbin/nologin</filename>
       to <filename>/usr/sbin/nologin</filename>, and
       <filename>/sbin/nologin</filename> remains as a symbolic link
       for backward compatibility.</para>

    <para>A bugfix has been applied to NSS support, which fixes
      problems when using third-party NSS modules (such as <filename
      role="package">net/nss_ldap</filename>) and groups with large
      membership lists.</para>

    <para>The &man.pgrep.1; and &man.pkill.1; commands, which come from NetBSD,
      have been added.  They also support a <option>-M</option> option
      to extract values associated with the name list from the
      specified core instead of the default <filename>/dev/kmem</filename>,
      and a <option>-N</option> option to extract the name list from
      the specified system instead of the default kernel.</para>

    <para>&man.ps.1; compatibility with POSIX/SUSv3 has been improved.
      The changes include <option>-p</option> for a list of process IDs,
      <option>-t</option> for a list of terminal names,
      <option>-A</option> which is equivalent to <option>-ax</option>,
      <option>-G</option> for a list of group IDs,
      <option>-X</option> which is the opposite of <option>-x</option>,
      and some minor improvements.  For more information, see &man.ps.1;.
      &merged;</para>

    <para>&man.pw.8; now supports a <option>-H</option> option, which
      accepts an encrypted password on a file descriptor. &merged;</para>

    <para>The configuration files used by the &man.resolver.3; now
      support the <literal>timeout:</literal> and
      <literal>attempts:</literal> keywords.</para>

    <para>The &man.resolver.3; and associated interfaces are now much
      more reentrant and thread-safe.  Multiple DNS lookups can now be
      run at the same time, showing major improvements in the
      performance of some multi-threaded applications.  Some
      multi-threaded programs need to be recompiled; examples from the
      Ports Collection are <filename
      role="package">www/mozilla</filename> and variants, <filename
      role="package">mail/evolution</filename>, <filename
      role="package">devel/gnomevfs</filename>, and <filename
      role="package">devel/gnomevfs2</filename>.</para>

    <para>&man.rmdir.1; now supports a <option>-v</option> flag,
      which makes it verbose.</para>

    <para>&man.savecore.8; now works correctly for dump files larger
      than 2GB.</para>

    <para>A bug in &man.script.1; has been fixed so that it now works
      correctly if its stdin is closed.  This fix prevents a
      potentially dangerous interaction with the <filename
      role="package">sysutils/portupgrade</filename> package; if it was
      run non-interactively, it could remove all out-of-date
      ports without reinstalling them.</para>

    <para>The &man.sdpd.8; Bluetooth Service Discovery Protocol daemon
      has been added.</para>

    <para>Many userland utilities in the base system (mostly GNU
      contributed utilities) now use the system version of
      &man.getopt.long.3;, rather than the GNU version.</para>

    <sect3 id="rc-scripts">
      <title><filename>/etc/rc.d</filename> Scripts</title>

      <para>The <filename>diskless</filename> script has been
	split out into <filename>hostname</filename>,
        <filename>resolve</filename>, <filename>tmp</filename>, and
        <filename>var</filename> scripts.</para>

      <para>The <filename>gbde_swap</filename> script, which supports
	gbde-enabled swap devices has been added.
	When the <varname>gbde_swap_enable</varname> variable is specified
	in &man.rc.conf.5;, a swap device named
	<filename>/dev/<replaceable>foo.bde</replaceable></filename>
	in &man.fstab.5;
	is automatically attached at boot time with the device
	<filename>/dev/<replaceable>foo</replaceable></filename>
	and a random key, which
	generated by computing the MD5 checksum of 512 bytes read
	from <filename>/dev/random</filename>.
	Note that this prevents recovery of kernel dumps.</para>

      <para>The <filename>mixer</filename> script has been added.
	It saves the current settings of all audio mixers present
	in the system on shutdown and restores the settings on boot.</para>

      <para>The <filename>pf</filename> and <filename>pflog</filename>
        scripts for &man.pf.4; has been added.</para>
    </sect3>
  </sect2>

  <sect2 id="contrib">
    <title>Contributed Software</title>

    <para>The <application>ACPI-CA</application> code has been updated
      from the 20030619 snapshot to the 20040402 snapshot.</para>

    <para><application>awk</application> from Bell Labs has been
      updated from the 29 July 2003 release to the 7 February 2004
      release.</para>

    <para><application>CVS</application> has been updated from
      version 1.11.10 to version 1.11.15.</para>

    <para><application>gdtoa</application> (a library that performs
      conversions of numbers between binary and decimal form) has been
      updated from version 20030324 to version 20040118.</para>

    <para><application>GNU grep</application> has been updated from
      2.4d to 2.4.2.</para>

    <para><application>GNU readline</application> 4.3 has been updated
      with official patches 001 through 005.</para>

    <para>The <application>GNU regex</application> library has been
      updated to the version included with <application>GNU
      grep</application> 2.4.2.</para>

    <para>The <application>GNU tar</application> implementation in the
      base system is now called <filename>gtar</filename>, with
      <filename>tar</filename> being a link to
      <filename>gtar</filename>.</para>

    <para><application>Heimdal Kerberos</application> has been
       updated from 0.6 to 0.6.1.

    <para><application>libpcap</application> has been updated from
      version 0.7.1 to version 0.8.3.</para>

    <para><application>OpenPAM</application> has been updated from the
      Dogwood release to the Eelgrass release.</para>

    <para><application>OpenSSH</application> has been updated from
      3.6.1p1 to 3.8p1.

      <note>
	<para>The configuration defaults for &man.sshd.8; have been
	  changed.  SSH protocol version 1 is no longer enabled by
	  default.  In addition, password authentication over SSH is
	  disabled by default if PAM is enabled.</para>
      </note>

      </para>

    <para><application>OpenSSL</application> has been updated from
      0.9.7c to 0.9.7d.  &merged;</para>

    <para><application>pf</application>, OpenBSD's packet filter as of
      OpenBSD 3.4, has been imported into &os; source tree and is now installed
      by default.  A new user <username>proxy</username>, and two new
      groups <username>authpf</username> and <username>proxy</username>,
      which <application>pf</application> needs, are added as well.

      <note>
	<para>On upgrading from the source, these user accounts must be
	  added in advance.  The <varname>NO_PF</varname> variable
	  in <filename>make.conf</filename> can be used to prevent
	  <application>pf</application> from building.</para>
      </note>

    <para>Several userland utilities of OpenBSD's
      <application>pf</application> have been imported.
      <filename>libexec/ftp-proxy</filename> is an ftp proxy for
      <application>pf</application>,
      <filename>sbin/pfctl</filename> is an equivalent to
      <filename>sbin/ipf</filename>,
      <filename>sbin/pflogd</filename>
      is a daemon logging packets via <literal>if_pflog</literal>
      in pcap format, and
      <filename>usr.sbin/authpf</filename> is an authentication shell
      to modify pf rulesets.</para>

    <para><application>routed</application> has been updated from
      release 2.22 to release 2.27 from rhyolite.com.  Note that for
      users relying on RIP's MD5 authentication feature,
      &man.routed.8; routed is now incompatible with previous versions
      of &os;; however it is now compatible with implementations from
      Sun, Cisco and other vendors.</para>

    <para><application>sendmail</application> has been updated from
      version 8.12.10 to version 8.12.11. &merged;</para>

    <para><application>tcpdump</application> has been updated from
      version 3.7.1 to version 3.8.3.</para>
  </sect2>

  <sect2 id="ports">
    <title>Ports/Packages Collection Infrastructure</title>

    <para>The <literal>SIZE</literal> attribute for distfiles,
      which can be used for checking file sizes before fetching,
      has been added and enabled by default.
      <varname>DISABLE_SIZE</varname> is a user control knob
      to disable the distfile size checking.  This is especially
      useful on old &os; versions which didn't have &man.fetch.1;
      support for this, and for some FTP proxies which always
      report incorrect or bogus sizes.</para>

    <para>Two new files have been added to the ports tree to track
      note-worthy changes:  <filename>ports/CHANGES</filename> lists
      major changes to the Ports Collection and its infrastructure.
      <filename>ports/UPDATING</filename> describes some potential
      pitfalls that can be encountered when updating certain ports,
      analogous to <filename>src/UPDATING</filename> for the base
      system.</para>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 id="releng">
    <title>Release Engineering and Integration</title>

    <para arch="i386,pc98">The building process for boot floppy images
      has been completely overhauled.  The most significant change is
      that the loader now boots a stock <filename>GENERIC</filename>
      kernel split across multiple disks (two at the time of this
      writing).  This greatly improves installations that begin with a
      boot from floppy disk, because they now use exactly the same
      kernel (and thus support the same hardware) as CDROM
      installations.  The stripped-down <filename>MFSROOT</filename>
      kernel is no longer needed, and the <filename>mfsroot</filename>
      image no longer requires kernel modules.  The
      <filename>boot.flp</filename> and
      <filename>driver.flp</filename> images are also obsolete and no
      longer built.</para>

    <para>The supported release of <application>GNOME</application>
      has been updated from 2.4 to 2.6.

      <note>
	<para>If you are using the older <application>GNOME</application>
	  desktop itself (<filename role="package">x11/gnome2</filename>), simply upgrading it from the &os; Ports Collection
	  with
	  &man.portupgrade.1;
	  (<filename role="package">sysutils/portupgrade</filename>)
	  will cause serious problems.
	  If you are a <application>GNOME</application> desktop user,
	  please read the instructions carefully at
	  <ulink url="http://www.FreeBSD.org/gnome/docs/faq26.html"></ulink>,
	  and use the <filename>gnome_upgrade.sh</filename> script to
	  properly upgrade to <application>GNOME</application> 2.6.</para>

	<para>Note that if you are just a casual user of some of the
	  <application>GNOME</application> libraries,
	  &man.portupgrade.1; should be sufficient
	  to update your ports.</para>
      </note>
    </para>

    <para>The supported release of <application>KDE</application>
      has been updated from 3.1.4 to 3.2.1.</para>
  </sect2>

  <sect2 id="doc">
    <title>Documentation</title>

    <para></para>

  </sect2>

</sect1>

<sect1 id="upgrade">
  <title>Upgrading from previous releases of &os;</title>

  <para>Users with existing &os; systems are
    <emphasis>highly</emphasis> encouraged to read the <quote>Early
    Adopter's Guide to &os; &release.current;</quote>.  This document generally has
    the filename <filename>EARLY.TXT</filename> on the distribution
    media, or any other place that the release notes can be found.  It
    offers some notes on upgrading, but more importantly, also
    discusses some of the relative merits of upgrading to &os;
    5.<replaceable>X</replaceable> versus running &os;
    4.<replaceable>X</replaceable>.</para>

  <important>
    <para>Upgrading &os; should, of course, only be attempted after
      backing up <emphasis>all</emphasis> data and configuration
      files.</para>
  </important>
</sect1>