path: root/man/tput.1

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.\" $Id: tput.1,v 1.32 2012/07/14 21:06:45 tom Exp $
.TH @TPUT@ 1 ""
.ds d @TERMINFO@
.ds n 1
.SH NAME
\fB@TPUT@\fR, \fBreset\fR \- initialize a terminal or query terminfo database
.SH SYNOPSIS
\fB@TPUT@\fR [\fB\-T\fR\fItype\fR] \fIcapname\fR [\fIparms\fR ... ]
.br
\fB@TPUT@\fR [\fB\-T\fR\fItype\fR] \fBinit\fR
.br
\fB@TPUT@\fR [\fB\-T\fR\fItype\fR] \fBreset\fR
.br
\fB@TPUT@\fR [\fB\-T\fR\fItype\fR] \fBlongname\fR
.br
\fB@TPUT@ \-S\fR  \fB<<\fR
.br
\fB@TPUT@ \-V\fR
.br
.SH DESCRIPTION
The \fB@TPUT@\fR utility uses the \fBterminfo\fR database to make the
values of terminal-dependent capabilities and information available to
the shell (see \fBsh\fR(1)), to initialize or reset the terminal, or
return the long name of the requested terminal type.
The result depends upon the capability's type:
.RS
.TP 5
string
\fB@TPUT@\fR writes the string to the standard output.
No trailing newline is supplied.
.TP
integer
\fB@TPUT@\fR writes the decimal value to the standard output,
with a trailing newline.
.TP
boolean
\fB@TPUT@\fR simply sets the exit code
(\fB0\fR for TRUE if the terminal has the capability,
\fB1\fR for FALSE if it does not),
and writes nothing to the standard output.
.RE
.PP
Before using a value returned on the standard output,
the application should test the exit code
(e.g., \fB$?\fR, see \fBsh\fR(1)) to be sure it is \fB0\fR.
(See the \fBEXIT CODES\fR and \fBDIAGNOSTICS\fR sections.)
For a complete list of capabilities
and the \fIcapname\fR associated with each, see \fBterminfo\fR(5).
.TP
\fB\-T\fR\fItype\fR
indicates the \fItype\fR of terminal.
Normally this option is
unnecessary, because the default is taken from the environment
variable \fBTERM\fR.
If \fB\-T\fR is specified, then the shell
variables \fBLINES\fR and \fBCOLUMNS\fR will also be ignored.
.TP
\fIcapname\fR
indicates the capability from the \fBterminfo\fR database.  When
\fBtermcap\fR support is compiled in, the \fBtermcap\fR name for
the capability is also accepted.
.TP
\fIparms\fR
If the capability is a string that takes parameters, the arguments
\fIparms\fR will be instantiated into the string.
.IP
Most parameters are numbers.
Only a few terminfo capabilities require string parameters;
\fB@TPUT@\fR uses a table to decide which to pass as strings.
Normally \fB@TPUT@\fR uses \fBtparm\fR (3X) to perform the substitution.
If no parameters are given for the capability,
\fB@TPUT@\fR writes the string without performing the substitution.
.TP
\fB\-S\fR
allows more than one capability per invocation of \fB@TPUT@\fR.  The
capabilities must be passed to \fB@TPUT@\fR from the standard input
instead of from the command line (see example).
Only one \fIcapname\fR is allowed per line.
The \fB\-S\fR option changes the
meaning of the \fB0\fR and \fB1\fR boolean and string exit codes (see the
EXIT CODES section).
.IP
Again, \fB@TPUT@\fR uses a table and the presence of parameters in its input
to decide whether to use \fBtparm\fR (3X),
and how to interpret the parameters.
.TP
\fB\-V\fR
reports the version of ncurses which was used in this program, and exits.
.TP
\fBinit\fR
If the \fBterminfo\fR database is present and an entry for the user's
terminal exists (see \fB\-T\fR\fItype\fR, above), the following will
occur:
.RS
.TP
(1)
if present, the terminal's initialization strings will be
output as detailed in the \fBterminfo\fR(5) section on
.IR "Tabs and Initialization" ,
.TP
(2)
any delays (e.g., newline) specified in the entry will
be set in the tty driver,
.TP
(3)
tabs expansion will be turned on or off according to
the specification in the entry, and
.TP
(4)
if tabs are not expanded,
standard tabs will be set (every 8 spaces).
.RE
.IP
If an entry does not
contain the information needed for any of the four above activities,
that activity will silently be skipped.
.TP
\fBreset\fR
Instead of putting out initialization strings, the terminal's
reset strings will be output if present (\fBrs1\fR, \fBrs2\fR, \fBrs3\fR, \fBrf\fR).
If the reset strings are not present, but initialization
strings are, the initialization strings will be output.
Otherwise, \fBreset\fR acts identically to \fBinit\fR.
.TP
\fBlongname\fR
If the \fBterminfo\fR database is present and an entry for the
user's terminal exists (see \fB\-T\fR\fItype\fR above), then the long name
of the terminal will be put out.  The long name is the last
name in the first line of the terminal's description in the
\fBterminfo\fR database [see \fBterm\fR(5)].
.PP
If \fB@TPUT@\fR is invoked by a link named \fBreset\fR, this has the
same effect as \fB@TPUT@ reset\fR.
See \fB@TSET@\fR for comparison, which has similar behavior.
.SH EXAMPLES
.TP 5
\fB@TPUT@ init\fR
Initialize the terminal according to the type of
terminal in the environmental variable \fBTERM\fR.  This
command should be included in everyone's .profile after
the environmental variable \fBTERM\fR has been exported, as
illustrated on the \fBprofile\fR(5) manual page.
.TP 5
\fB@TPUT@ \-T5620 reset\fR
Reset an AT&T 5620 terminal, overriding the type of
terminal in the environmental variable \fBTERM\fR.
.TP 5
\fB@TPUT@ cup 0 0\fR
Send the sequence to move the cursor to row \fB0\fR, column \fB0\fR
(the upper left corner of the screen, usually known as the "home"
cursor position).
.TP 5
\fB@TPUT@ clear\fR
Echo the clear-screen sequence for the current terminal.
.TP 5
\fB@TPUT@ cols\fR
Print the number of columns for the current terminal.
.TP 5
\fB@TPUT@ \-T450 cols\fR
Print the number of columns for the 450 terminal.
.TP 5
\fBbold=`@TPUT@ smso` offbold=`@TPUT@ rmso`\fR
Set the shell variables \fBbold\fR, to begin stand-out mode
sequence, and \fBoffbold\fR, to end standout mode sequence,
for the current terminal.  This might be followed by a
prompt: \fBecho "${bold}Please type in your name: ${offbold}\\c"\fR
.TP 5
\fB@TPUT@ hc\fR
Set exit code to indicate if the current terminal is a hard copy terminal.
.TP 5
\fB@TPUT@ cup 23 4\fR
Send the sequence to move the cursor to row 23, column 4.
.TP 5
\fB@TPUT@ cup\fR
Send the terminfo string for cursor-movement, with no parameters substituted.
.TP 5
\fB@TPUT@ longname\fR
Print the long name from the \fBterminfo\fR database for the
type of terminal specified in the environmental
variable \fBTERM\fR.
.PP
.RS 5
\fB@TPUT@ \-S <<!\fR
.br
\fB> clear\fR
.br
\fB> cup 10 10\fR
.br
\fB> bold\fR
.br
\fB> !\fR
.RE
.TP 5
\&
This example shows \fB@TPUT@\fR processing several capabilities in one invocation.
It clears the screen,
moves the cursor to position 10, 10
and turns on bold (extra bright) mode.
The list is terminated by an exclamation mark (\fB!\fR) on a line by itself.
.SH FILES
.TP
\fB\*d\fR
compiled terminal description database
.TP
\fB@DATADIR@/tabset/*\fR
tab settings for some terminals, in a format
appropriate to be output to the terminal (escape
sequences that set margins and tabs); for more
information, see the "Tabs and Initialization"
section of \fBterminfo\fR(5)
.SH EXIT CODES
If the \fB\-S\fR option is used,
\fB@TPUT@\fR checks for errors from each line,
and if any errors are found, will set the exit code to 4 plus the
number of lines with errors.
If no errors are found, the exit code is \fB0\fR.
No indication of which line failed can be given so
exit code \fB1\fR will never appear.  Exit codes \fB2\fR, \fB3\fR, and
\fB4\fR retain their usual interpretation.
If the \fB\-S\fR option is not used,
the exit code depends on the type of \fIcapname\fR:
.RS 5
.TP
.I boolean
a value of \fB0\fR is set for TRUE and \fB1\fR for FALSE.
.TP
.I string
a value of \fB0\fR is set if the
\fIcapname\fR is defined for this terminal \fItype\fR (the value of
\fIcapname\fR is returned on standard output);
a value of \fB1\fR is set if \fIcapname\fR
is not defined for this terminal \fItype\fR
(nothing is written to standard output).
.TP
.I integer
a value of \fB0\fR is always set,
whether or not \fIcapname\fR is defined for this terminal \fItype\fR.
To determine if \fIcapname\fR is defined for this terminal \fItype\fR,
the user must test the value written to standard output.
A value of \fB\-1\fR
means that \fIcapname\fR is not defined for this terminal \fItype\fR.
.TP
.I other
\fBreset\fR or \fBinit\fR may fail to find their respective files.
In that case, the exit code is set to 4 + \fBerrno\fR.
.RE
.PP
Any other exit code indicates an error; see the DIAGNOSTICS section.
.SH DIAGNOSTICS
\fB@TPUT@\fR prints the following error messages and sets the corresponding exit
codes.
.PP
.ne 15
.TS
l l.
exit code	error message
=
\fB0\fR	T{
(\fIcapname\fR is a numeric variable that is not specified in the
\fBterminfo\fR(5) database for this terminal type, e.g.
\fB@TPUT@ \-T450 lines\fR and \fB@TPUT@ \-T2621 xmc\fR)
T}
\fB1\fR	no error message is printed, see the \fBEXIT CODES\fR section.
\fB2\fR	usage error
\fB3\fR	unknown terminal \fItype\fR or no \fBterminfo\fR database
\fB4\fR	unknown \fBterminfo\fR capability \fIcapname\fR
\fB>4\fR	error occurred in \-S
=
.TE
.SH PORTABILITY
.PP
The \fBlongname\fR and \fB\-S\fR options, and the parameter-substitution
features used in the \fBcup\fR example, are not supported in BSD curses or in
AT&T/USL curses before SVr4.
.PP
X/Open documents only the operands for \fBclear\fP, \fBinit\fP and \fBreset\fP.
In this implementation, \fBclear\fP is part of the \fIcapname\fR support.
Other implementations of \fB@TPUT@\fP on
SVr4-based systems such as Solaris, IRIX64 and HPUX
as well as others such as AIX and Tru64
provide support for \fIcapname\fR operands.
.PP
A few platforms such as FreeBSD and NetBSD recognize termcap names rather
than terminfo capability names in their respective \fB@TPUT@\fP commands.
.PP
Most implementations which provide support for \fIcapname\fR operands
use the \fItparm\fP function to expand parameters in it.
That function expects a mixture of numeric and string parameters,
requiring \fB@TPUT@\fP to know which type to use.
This implementation uses a table to determine that for
the standard \fIcapname\fR operands, and an internal library
function to analyze nonstandard \fIcapname\fR operands.
Other implementations may simply guess that an operand containing only digits
is intended to be a number.
.SH SEE ALSO
\fB@CLEAR@\fR(1),
\fBstty\fR(1),
\fBtabs\fR(\*n),
\fBterminfo\fR(5),
\fBcurs_termcap\fR(3X).
.PP
This describes \fBncurses\fR
version @NCURSES_MAJOR@.@NCURSES_MINOR@ (patch @NCURSES_PATCH@).