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.\" Copyright (c) 2002-2004 Tim J. Robbins
.\" All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
.\" $FreeBSD$
.\"
.Dd May 21, 2013
.Dt WCRTOMB 3
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm wcrtomb ,
.Nm c16rtomb ,
.Nm c32rtomb
.Nd "convert a wide-character code to a character (restartable)"
.Sh LIBRARY
.Lb libc
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.In wchar.h
.Ft size_t
.Fn wcrtomb "char * restrict s" "wchar_t c" "mbstate_t * restrict ps"
.In uchar.h
.Ft size_t
.Fn c16rtomb "char * restrict s" "char16_t c" "mbstate_t * restrict ps"
.Ft size_t
.Fn c32rtomb "char * restrict s" "char32_t c" "mbstate_t * restrict ps"
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Fn wcrtomb ,
.Fn c16rtomb
and
.Fn c32rtomb
functions store a multibyte sequence representing the
wide character
.Fa c ,
including any necessary shift sequences, to the
character array
.Fa s ,
storing a maximum of
.Dv MB_CUR_MAX
bytes.
.Pp
If
.Fa s
is
.Dv NULL ,
these functions behave as if
.Fa s
pointed to an internal buffer and
.Fa c
was a null wide character (L'\e0').
.Pp
The
.Ft mbstate_t
argument,
.Fa ps ,
is used to keep track of the shift state.
If it is
.Dv NULL ,
these functions use an internal, static
.Vt mbstate_t
object, which is initialized to the initial conversion state
at program startup.
.Pp
As certain multibyte characters may only be represented by a series of
16-bit characters, the
.Fn c16rtomb
may need to invoked multiple times before a multibyte sequence is
returned.
.Sh RETURN VALUES
These functions return the length (in bytes) of the multibyte sequence
needed to represent
.Fa c ,
or
.Po Vt size_t Pc Ns \-1
if
.Fa c
is not a valid wide character code.
.Sh ERRORS
The
.Fn wcrtomb ,
.Fn c16rtomb
and
.Fn c32rtomb
functions will fail if:
.Bl -tag -width Er
.It Bq Er EILSEQ
An invalid wide character code was specified.
.It Bq Er EINVAL
The conversion state is invalid.
.El
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr mbrtowc 3 ,
.Xr multibyte 3 ,
.Xr setlocale 3 ,
.Xr wctomb 3
.Sh STANDARDS
The
.Fn wcrtomb ,
.Fn c16rtomb
and
.Fn c32rtomb
functions conform to
.St -isoC-2011 .
|
