.\" Copyright (c) 2003 .\" Bill Paul All rights reserved. .\" .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions .\" are met: .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. .\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software .\" must display the following acknowledgement: .\" This product includes software developed by Bill Paul. .\" 4. Neither the name of the author nor the names of any co-contributors .\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software .\" without specific prior written permission. .\" .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY Bill Paul AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE .\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL Bill Paul OR THE VOICES IN HIS HEAD .\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR .\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF .\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS .\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN .\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) .\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF .\" THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. .\" .\" $FreeBSD$ .\" .Dd December 10, 2003 .Dt NDISCVT 8 .Os .Sh NAME .Nm ndiscvt .Nd convert .Tn Windows\[rg] NDIS drivers for use with .Fx .Sh SYNOPSIS .Nm .Op Fl O .Op Fl i Ar inffile .Fl s Ar sysfile .Op Fl n Ar devname .Op Fl o Ar outfile .Nm .Op Fl f Ar firmfile .Sh DESCRIPTION The .Nm utility transforms a .Tn Windows\[rg] NDIS driver into a data file which is used to build an .Xr ndis 4 compatibility driver module. .Tn Windows\[rg] drivers consist of two main parts: a .Pa .SYS file, which contains the actual driver executable code, and an .Pa .INF file, which provides the .Tn Windows\[rg] installer with device identifier information and a list of driver-specific registry keys. The .Nm utility can convert these files into a header file that is compiled into .Pa if_ndis.c to create an object code module that can be linked into the .Fx kernel. .Pp The .Pa .INF file is typically required since only it contains device identification data such as PCI vendor and device IDs or PCMCIA indentifier strings. The .Pa .INF file may be optionally omitted however, in which case the .Nm utility will only perform the conversion of the .Pa .SYS file. This is useful for debugging purposes only. .Sh OPTIONS The options are as follows: .Bl -tag -width indent .It Fl i Ar inffile Open and parse the specified .Pa .INF file when performing conversion. The .Nm utility will parse this file and emit a device identification structure and registry key configuration structures which will be used by the .Xr ndis 4 driver and .Xr ndisapi 9 kernel subsystem. If this is omitted, .Nm will emit a dummy configuration structure only. .It Fl s Ar sysfile Open and parse the specified .Pa .SYS file. This file must contain a .Tn Windows\[rg] driver image. The .Nm utility will perform some manipulation of the sections within the executable file to make runtime linking within the kernel a little easier and then convert the image into a data array. .It Fl n Ar devname Specify an alternate name for the network device/interface which will be created when the driver is instantiated. If you need to load more than one NDIS driver into your system (i.e., if you have two different network cards in your system which require NDIS driver support), each module you create must have a unique name. Device can not be larger than .Dv IFNAMSIZ . If no name is specified, the driver will use the default a default name .Pq Dq Li ndis . .It Fl o Ar outfile Specify the output file in which to place the resulting data. This can be any file pathname. If .Ar outfile is a single dash .Pq Sq Fl , the data will be written to the standard output. The .Pa if_ndis.c module expects to find the driver data in a file called .Pa ndis_driver_data.h , so it is recommended that this name be used. .It Fl O Generate both an .Pa ndis_driver_data.h file and an .Pa ndis_driver.data.o file. The latter file will contain a copy of the .Tn Windows\[rg] .Pa .SYS driver image encoded as a .Fx ELF object file .Po created with .Xr objcopy 1 .Pc . Turning the .Tn Windows\[rg] driver image directly into an object code file saves disk space and compilation time. .It Fl f Ar firmfile A few NDIS drivers come with additional files that the core driver module will load during initialization time. Typically, these files contain firmware which the driver will transfer to the device in order to make it fully operational. In .Tn Windows\[rg] , these files are usually just copied into one of the system directories along with the driver itself. .Pp In .Fx there are two mechanism for loading these files. If the driver is built as a loadable kernel module which is loaded after the kernel has finished booting .Po and after the root filesystem has been mounted .Pc , the extra files can simply be copied to the .Pa /compat/ndis directory, and they will be loaded into the kernel on demand when the the driver needs them. .Pp If however the driver is required to bootstrap the system .Po i.e. if the NDIS-based network interface is to be used for diskless/PXE booting .Pc , the files need to be pre-loaded by the bootstrap loader in order to be accessible, since the driver will need them before the root filesystem has been mounted. However, the bootstrap loader is only able to load files that are shared .Fx binary objects. .Pp The .Fl f flag can be used to convert an arbitrary file .Ar firmfile into shared object format .Po the actual conversion is done using the .Xr objcopy 1 and .Xr ld 1 commands .Pc . The resulting files can then be copied to the .Pa /boot/kernel directory, and can be pre-loaded directly from the boot loader prompt, or automatically by editing the .Xr loader.conf 5 file. If desired, the files can also be loaded into memory at runtime using the .Xr kldload 8 command. .Pp When an NDIS driver tries to open an external file, the .Xr ndisapi 9 code will first search for a loaded kernel module that matches the name specified in the open request, and if that fails, it will then try to open the file from the .Pa /compat/ndis directory as well. Note that during kernel bootstrap, the ability to open files from .Pa /compat/ndis is disabled: only the module search will be performed. .Pp When using the .Fl f flag, .Nm will generate both a relocatable object file .Po with a .Pa .o extension .Pc and a shared object file .Po with a .Pa .ko extension .Pc . The shared object is the one that should be placed in the .Pa /boot/kernel directory. The relocatable object file is useful if the user wishes to create a completely static kernel image: the object file can be linked into the kernel directly along with the driver itself. Some editing of the kernel configuration files will be necessary in order to have the extra object included in the build. .El .Sh SEE ALSO .Xr kldload 8 , .Xr ld 1 , .Xr ndis 4 , .Xr ndisapi 9 , .Xr objcopy 1 .Sh HISTORY The .Nm utility first appeared in .Fx 5.3 . .Sh AUTHORS .An -nosplit The .Nm utility was written by .An Bill Paul Aq wpaul@windriver.com . The .Xr lex 1 and .Xr yacc 1 .Pa INF file parser was written by .An Matthew Dodd Aq mdodd@FreeBSD.org .