.\" Copyright (c) 1997, 1998, 1999 .\" Bill Paul All rights reserved. .\" .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions .\" are met: .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. .\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software .\" must display the following acknowledgement: .\" This product includes software developed by Bill Paul. .\" 4. Neither the name of the author nor the names of any co-contributors .\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software .\" without specific prior written permission. .\" .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY Bill Paul AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE .\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL Bill Paul OR THE VOICES IN HIS HEAD .\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR .\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF .\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS .\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN .\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) .\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF .\" THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. .\" .\" $FreeBSD$ .\" .Dd September 10, 1999 .Dt ANCONTROL 8 .Os .Sh NAME .Nm ancontrol .Nd configure Aironet 4500/4800 devices .Sh SYNOPSIS .Nm .Fl i Ar iface Fl A .Nm .Fl i Ar iface Fl N .Nm .Fl i Ar iface Fl S .Nm .Fl i Ar iface Fl I .Nm .Fl i Ar iface Fl T .Nm .Fl i Ar iface Fl C .Nm .Fl i Ar iface Fl t Cm 0 Ns - Ns Cm 4 .Nm .Fl i Ar iface Fl s Cm 0 Ns - Ns Cm 3 .Nm .Fl i Ar iface .Op Fl v Cm 1 Ns - Ns Cm 4 .Fl a Ar AP .Nm .Fl i Ar iface Fl b Ar beacon_period .Nm .Fl i Ar iface .Op Fl v Cm 0 | 1 .Fl d Cm 0 Ns - Ns Cm 3 .Nm .Fl i Ar iface Fl e Cm 0 Ns - Ns Cm 4 .Nm .Fl i Ar iface .Op Fl v Cm 0 Ns - Ns Cm 8 .Fl k Ar key .Nm .Fl i Ar iface .Fl K Cm 0 Ns - Ns Cm 2 .Nm .Fl i Ar iface .Fl W Cm 0 Ns - Ns Cm 2 .Nm .Fl i Ar iface .Fl L Ar user_name .Nm .Fl i Ar iface Fl j Ar netjoin_timeout .Nm .Fl i Ar iface Fl l Ar station_name .Nm .Fl i Ar iface Fl m Ar mac_address .Nm .Fl i Ar iface .Op Fl v Cm 1 Ns - Ns Cm 3 .Fl n Ar SSID .Nm .Fl i Ar iface Fl o Cm 0 | 1 .Nm .Fl i Ar iface Fl p Ar tx_power .Nm .Fl i Ar iface Fl c Ar frequency .Nm .Fl i Ar iface Fl f Ar fragmentation_threshold .Nm .Fl i Ar iface Fl r Ar RTS_threshold .Nm .Fl i Ar iface Fl M Cm 0 Ns - Ns Cm 15 .Nm .Fl h .Sh DESCRIPTION The .Nm command controls the operation of Aironet wireless networking devices via the .Xr an 4 driver. Most of the parameters that can be changed relate to the IEEE 802.11 protocol which the Aironet cards implement. This includes such things as the station name, whether the station is operating in ad-hoc (point to point) or infrastructure mode, and the network name of a service set to join. The .Nm command can also be used to view the current NIC status, configuration and to dump out the values of the card's statistics counters. .Pp The .Ar iface argument given to .Nm should be the logical interface name associated with the Aironet device .Li ( an0 , an1 , etc.). If one isn't specified the device .Dq Li an0 will be assumed. .Pp The .Nm command is not designed to support the combination of arguments from different .Sx SYNOPSIS lines in a single .Nm invocation, and such combinations are not recommended. .Sh OPTIONS The options are as follows: .Bl -tag -width indent .It Fl i Ar iface Fl A Display the preferred access point list. The AP list can be used by stations to specify the MAC address of access points with which it wishes to associate. If no AP list is specified (the default) then the station will associate with the first access point that it finds which serves the SSID(s) specified in the SSID list. The AP list can be modified with the .Fl a option. .It Fl i Ar iface Fl N Display the SSID list. This is a list of service set IDs (i.e., network names) with which the station wishes to associate. There may be up to three SSIDs in the list: the station will go through the list in ascending order and associate with the first matching SSID that it finds. .It Fl i Ar iface Fl S Display NIC status information. This includes the current operating status, current BSSID, SSID, channel, beacon period and currently associated access point. The operating mode indicates the state of the NIC, MAC status and receiver status. When the .Qq Li synced keyword appears, it means the NIC has successfully associated with an access point, associated with an ad-hoc .Dq master station, or become a .Dq master itself. The beacon period can be anything between 20 and 976 milliseconds. The default is 100. .It Fl i Ar iface Fl I Display NIC capability information. This shows the device type, frequency, speed and power level capabilities and firmware revision levels. .It Fl i Ar iface Fl T Display the NIC's internal statistics counters. .It Fl i Ar iface Fl C Display current NIC configuration. This shows the current operation mode, receive mode, MAC address, power save settings, various timing settings, channel selection, diversity, transmit power and transmit speed. .It Fl i Ar iface Fl t Cm 0 Ns - Ns Cm 4 Select transmit speed. The available settings are as follows: .Bl -column ".Em TX rate" -offset indent .Em "TX rate NIC speed" .It Cm 0 Ta "Auto -- NIC selects optimal speed" .It Cm 1 Ta "1Mbps fixed" .It Cm 2 Ta "2Mbps fixed" .It Cm 3 Ta "5.5Mbps fixed" .It Cm 4 Ta "11Mbps fixed" .El .Pp Note that the 5.5 and 11Mbps settings are only supported on the 4800 series adapters: the 4500 series adapters have a maximum speed of 2Mbps. .It Fl i Ar iface Fl s Cm 0 Ns - Ns Cm 3 Set power save mode. Valid selections are as follows: .Bl -column ".Em Selection" -offset indent .Em "Selection Power save mode" .It Cm 0 Ta "None - power save disabled" .It Cm 1 Ta "Constantly awake mode (CAM)" .It Cm 2 Ta "Power Save Polling (PSP)" .It Cm 3 Ta "Fast Power Save Polling (PSP-CAM)" .El .Pp Note that for IBSS (ad-hoc) mode, only PSP mode is supported, and only if the ATIM window is non-zero. .It Fl i Ar iface Oo Fl v Cm 1 Ns - Ns Cm 4 Oc Fl a Ar AP Set preferred access point. The .Ar AP is specified as a MAC address consisting of 6 hexadecimal values separated by colons. By default, the .Fl a option only sets the first entry in the AP list. The .Fl v modifier can be used to specify exactly which AP list entry is to be modified. If the .Fl v flag is not used, the first AP list entry will be changed. .It Fl i Ar iface Fl b Ar beacon_period Set the ad-hoc mode beacon period. The .Ar beacon_period is specified in milliseconds. The default is 100ms. .It Fl i Ar iface Oo Fl v Cm 0 | 1 Oc Fl d Cm 0 Ns - Ns Cm 3 Select the antenna diversity. Aironet devices can be configured with up to two antennas, and transmit and receive diversity can be configured accordingly. Valid selections are as follows: .Bl -column ".Em Selection" -offset indent .Em "Selection Diversity" .It Cm 0 Ta "Select factory default diversity" .It Cm 1 Ta "Antenna 1 only" .It Cm 2 Ta "Antenna 2 only" .It Cm 3 Ta "Antenna 1 and 2" .El .Pp The receive and transmit diversity can be set independently. The user must specify which diversity setting is to be modified by using the .Fl v option: selection .Cm 0 sets the receive diversity and .Cm 1 sets the transmit diversity. .It Fl i Ar iface Fl e Cm 0 Ns - Ns Cm 4 Set the transmit WEP key to use. Note that until this command is issued, the device will use the last key programmed. The transmit key is stored in NVRAM. Currently set transmit key can be checked via .Fl C option. Selection .Cm 4 sets the card in .Dq "Home Network Mode" and uses the home key. .It Fl i Ar iface Oo Fl v Cm 0 Ns - Ns Cm 8 Oc Fl k Ar key Set a WEP key. For 40 bit prefix 10 hex character with 0x. For 128 bit prefix 26 hex character with 0x. Use .Qq as the key to erase the key. Supports 4 keys; even numbers are for permanent keys and odd number are for temporary keys. For example, .Fl v Cm 1 sets the first temporary key. (A .Dq permanent key is stored in NVRAM; a .Dq temporary key is not.) Note that the device will use the most recently-programmed key by default. Currently set keys can be checked via .Fl C option, only the sizes of the keys are returned. The value of .Cm 8 is for the home key. Note that the value for the home key can be read back from firmware. .It Fl i Ar iface Fl K Cm 0 Ns - Ns Cm 2 Set authorization type. Use .Cm 0 for none, .Cm 1 for .Dq Open , .Cm 2 for .Dq "Shared Key" . .It Fl i Ar iface Fl W Cm 0 Ns - Ns Cm 2 Enable WEP. Use .Cm 0 for no WEP, .Cm 1 to enable full WEP, .Cm 2 for mixed cell. .It Fl i Ar iface Fl L Ar user_name Enable LEAP and query for password. It will check to see if it has authenticated for up to 60s. To disable LEAP, set WEP mode. .It Fl i Ar iface Fl j Ar netjoin_timeout Set the ad-hoc network join timeout. When a station is first activated in ad-hoc mode, it will search out a .Dq master station with the desired SSID and associate with it. If the station is unable to locate another station with the same SSID after a suitable timeout, it sets itself up as the .Dq master so that other stations may associate with it. This timeout defaults to 10000 milliseconds (10 seconds) but may be changed with this option. The timeout should be specified in milliseconds. .It Fl i Ar iface Fl l Ar station_name Set the station name used internally by the NIC. The .Ar station_name can be any text string up to 16 characters in length. The default name is set by the driver to .Dq Li FreeBSD . .It Fl i Ar iface Fl m Ar mac_address Set the station address for the specified interface. The .Ar mac_address is specified as a series of six hexadecimal values separated by colons, e.g.: .Li 00:60:1d:12:34:56 . This programs the new address into the card and updates the interface as well. .It Fl i Ar iface Oo Fl v Cm 1 Ns - Ns Cm 3 Oc Fl n Ar SSID Set the desired SSID (network name). There are three SSIDs which allows the NIC to work with access points at several locations without needing to be reconfigured. The NIC checks each SSID in sequence when searching for a match. The SSID to be changed can be specified with the .Fl v modifier option. If the .Fl v flag isn't used, the first SSID in the list is set. .It Fl i Ar iface Fl o Cm 0 | 1 Set the operating mode of the Aironet interface. Valid selections are .Cm 0 for ad-hoc mode and .Cm 1 for infrastructure mode. The default driver setting is for infrastructure mode. .It Fl i Ar iface Fl p Ar tx_power Set the transmit power level in milliwatts. Valid power settings vary depending on the actual NIC and can be viewed by dumping the device capabilities with the .Fl I flag. Typical values are 1, 5, 20, 50 and 100mW. Selecting 0 sets the factory default. .It Fl i Ar iface Fl c Ar frequency Set the radio frequency of a given interface. The .Ar frequency should be specfied as a channel ID as shown in the table below. The list of available frequencies is dependent on radio regulations specified by regional authorities. Recognized regulatory authorities include the FCC (United States), ETSI (Europe), France and Japan. Frequencies in the table are specified in Mhz. .Bl -column ".Em Channel ID" ".Em FCC" ".Em ETSI" ".Em France" ".Em Japan" -offset indent .Em "Channel ID FCC ETSI France Japan" .It Cm 1 Ta 2412 Ta 2412 Ta - Ta - .It Cm 2 Ta 2417 Ta 2417 Ta - Ta - .It Cm 3 Ta 2422 Ta 2422 Ta - Ta - .It Cm 4 Ta 2427 Ta 2427 Ta - Ta - .It Cm 5 Ta 2432 Ta 2432 Ta - Ta - .It Cm 6 Ta 2437 Ta 2437 Ta - Ta - .It Cm 7 Ta 2442 Ta 2442 Ta - Ta - .It Cm 8 Ta 2447 Ta 2447 Ta - Ta - .It Cm 9 Ta 2452 Ta 2452 Ta - Ta - .It Cm 10 Ta 2457 Ta 2457 Ta 2457 Ta - .It Cm 11 Ta 2462 Ta 2462 Ta 2462 Ta - .It Cm 12 Ta - Ta 2467 Ta 2467 Ta - .It Cm 13 Ta - Ta 2472 Ta 2472 Ta - .It Cm 14 Ta - Ta - Ta - Ta 2484 .El .Pp If an illegal channel is specified, the NIC will revert to its default channel. For NICs sold in the United States and Europe, the default channel is 3. For NICs sold in France, the default channel is 11. For NICs sold in Japan, the only available channel is 14. Note that two stations must be set to the same channel in order to communicate. .It Fl i Ar iface Fl f Ar fragmentation_threshold Set the fragmentation threshold in bytes. This threshold controls the point at which outgoing packets will be split into multiple fragments. If a single fragment is not sent successfully, only that fragment will need to be retransmitted instead of the whole packet. The fragmentation threshold can be anything from 64 to 2312 bytes. The default is 2312. .It Fl i Ar iface Fl r Ar RTS_threshold Set the RTS/CTS threshold for a given interface. This controls the number of bytes used for the RTS/CTS handhake boundary. The .Ar RTS_threshold can be any value between 0 and 2312. The default is 2312. .It Fl i Ar iface Fl M Cm 0 Ns - Ns Cm 15 Set monitor mode via bit mask, meaning: .Pp .Bl -tag -width indent -offset indent -compact .It Em Bit .Em Meaning .It 0 to not dump 802.11 packet. .It 1 to enable 802.11 monitor. .It 2 to monitor any SSID. .It 4 to not skip beacons, monitor beacons produces a high system load. .It 8 to enable full Aironet header returned via BPF. Note it appears that a SSID must be set. .El .It Fl h Print a list of available options and sample usage. .El .Sh SECURITY NOTES WEP .Pq Dq "wired equivalent privacy" is based on the RC4 algorithm, using a 24 bit initialization vector. .Pp RC4 is supposedly vunerable to certain known plaintext attacks, especially with 40 bit keys. So the security of WEP in part depends on how much known plaintext is transmitted. .Pp Because of this, although counter-intuitive, using .Dq "shared key" authentication (which involves sending known plaintext) is less secure than using .Dq open authentication when WEP is enabled. .Pp Devices may alternate among all of the configured WEP keys when tranmitting packets. Therefore, all configured keys (up to four) must agree. .Sh EXAMPLES .Bd -literal -offset indent ancontrol -i an0 -v 0 -k 0x12345678901234567890123456 ancontrol -i an0 -K 2 ancontrol -i an0 -W 1 ancontrol -i an0 -e 0 .Ed .Pp Sets a WEP key 0, enables .Dq "Shared Key" authentication, enables full WEP and uses transmit key 0. .Sh SEE ALSO .Xr an 4 , .Xr ifconfig 8 .Sh HISTORY The .Nm command first appeared in .Fx 4.0 . .Sh BUGS The statistics counters do not seem to show the amount of transmit and received frames as increasing. This is likely due to the fact that the .Xr an 4 driver uses unmodified packet mode instead of letting the NIC perform 802.11/ethernet encapsulation itself. .Pp Setting the channel does not seem to have any effect. .Sh AUTHORS The .Nm command was written by .An Bill Paul Aq wpaul@ee.columbia.edu .