/* -*- mode: c; tab-width: 8; c-basic-indent: 4; -*- Alias_db.c encapsulates all data structures used for storing packet aliasing data. Other parts of the aliasing software access data through functions provided in this file. Data storage is based on the notion of a "link", which is established for ICMP echo/reply packets, UDP datagrams and TCP stream connections. A link stores the original source and destination addresses. For UDP and TCP, it also stores source and destination port numbers, as well as an alias port number. Links are also used to store information about fragments. There is a facility for sweeping through and deleting old links as new packets are sent through. A simple timeout is used for ICMP and UDP links. TCP links are left alone unless there is an incomplete connection, in which case the link can be deleted after a certain amount of time. This software is placed into the public domain with no restrictions on its distribution. Initial version: August, 1996 (cjm) Version 1.4: September 16, 1996 (cjm) Facility for handling incoming links added. Version 1.6: September 18, 1996 (cjm) ICMP data handling simplified. Version 1.7: January 9, 1997 (cjm) Fragment handling simplified. Saves pointers for unresolved fragments. Permits links for unspecied remote ports or unspecified remote addresses. Fixed bug which did not properly zero port table entries after a link was deleted. Cleaned up some obsolete comments. Version 1.8: January 14, 1997 (cjm) Fixed data type error in StartPoint(). (This error did not exist prior to v1.7 and was discovered and fixed by Ari Suutari) Version 1.9: February 1, 1997 Optionally, connections initiated from packet aliasing host machine will will not have their port number aliased unless it conflicts with an aliasing port already being used. (cjm) All options earlier being #ifdef'ed now are available through a new interface, SetPacketAliasMode(). This allow run time control (which is now available in PPP+pktAlias through the 'alias' keyword). (ee) Added ability to create an alias port without either destination address or port specified. port type = ALIAS_PORT_UNKNOWN_DEST_ALL (ee) Removed K&R style function headers and general cleanup. (ee) Added packetAliasMode to replace compiler #defines's (ee) Allocates sockets for partially specified ports if ALIAS_USE_SOCKETS defined. (cjm) Version 2.0: March, 1997 SetAliasAddress() will now clean up alias links if the aliasing address is changed. (cjm) PacketAliasPermanentLink() function added to support permanent links. (J. Fortes suggested the need for this.) Examples: (192.168.0.1, port 23) <-> alias port 6002, unknown dest addr/port (192.168.0.2, port 21) <-> alias port 3604, known dest addr unknown dest port These permament links allow for incoming connections to machines on the local network. They can be given with a user-chosen amount of specificity, with increasing specificity meaning more security. (cjm) Quite a bit of rework to the basic engine. The portTable[] array, which kept track of which ports were in use was replaced by a table/linked list structure. (cjm) SetExpire() function added. (cjm) DeleteLink() no longer frees memory association with a pointer to a fragment (this bug was first recognized by E. Eklund in v1.9). Version 2.1: May, 1997 (cjm) Packet aliasing engine reworked so that it can handle multiple external addresses rather than just a single host address. PacketAliasRedirectPort() and PacketAliasRedirectAddr() added to the API. The first function is a more generalized version of PacketAliasPermanentLink(). The second function implements static network address translation. See HISTORY file for additional revisions. */ /* System include files */ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include /* BSD network include files */ #include #include #include #include #include #include "alias.h" #include "alias_local.h" /* Constants (note: constants are also defined near relevant functions or structs) */ /* Sizes of input and output link tables */ #define LINK_TABLE_OUT_SIZE 101 #define LINK_TABLE_IN_SIZE 4001 /* Parameters used for cleanup of expired links */ #define ALIAS_CLEANUP_INTERVAL_SECS 60 #define ALIAS_CLEANUP_MAX_SPOKES 30 /* Timouts (in seconds) for different link types) */ #define ICMP_EXPIRE_TIME 60 #define UDP_EXPIRE_TIME 60 #define FRAGMENT_ID_EXPIRE_TIME 10 #define FRAGMENT_PTR_EXPIRE_TIME 30 /* TCP link expire time for different cases */ /* When the link has been used and closed - minimal grace time to allow ACKs and potential re-connect in FTP (XXX - is this allowed?) */ #ifndef TCP_EXPIRE_DEAD # define TCP_EXPIRE_DEAD 10 #endif /* When the link has been used and closed on one side - the other side is allowed to still send data */ #ifndef TCP_EXPIRE_SINGLEDEAD # define TCP_EXPIRE_SINGLEDEAD 90 #endif /* When the link isn't yet up */ #ifndef TCP_EXPIRE_INITIAL # define TCP_EXPIRE_INITIAL 300 #endif /* When the link is up */ #ifndef TCP_EXPIRE_CONNECTED # define TCP_EXPIRE_CONNECTED 86400 #endif /* Dummy port number codes used for FindLinkIn/Out() and AddLink(). These constants can be anything except zero, which indicates an unknown port numbea. */ #define NO_DEST_PORT 1 #define NO_SRC_PORT 1 /* Data Structures The fundamental data structure used in this program is "struct alias_link". Whenever a TCP connection is made, a UDP datagram is sent out, or an ICMP echo request is made, a link record is made (if it has not already been created). The link record is identified by the source address/port and the destination address/port. In the case of an ICMP echo request, the source port is treated as being equivalent with the 16-bit id number of the ICMP packet. The link record also can store some auxiliary data. For TCP connections that have had sequence and acknowledgment modifications, data space is available to track these changes. A state field is used to keep track in changes to the tcp connection state. Id numbers of fragments can also be stored in the auxiliary space. Pointers to unresolved framgents can also be stored. The link records support two independent chainings. Lookup tables for input and out tables hold the initial pointers the link chains. On input, the lookup table indexes on alias port and link type. On output, the lookup table indexes on source addreess, destination address, source port, destination port and link type. */ struct ack_data_record /* used to save changes to ack/seq numbers */ { u_long ack_old; u_long ack_new; int delta; int active; }; struct tcp_state /* Information about tcp connection */ { int in; /* State for outside -> inside */ int out; /* State for inside -> outside */ int index; /* Index to ack data array */ int ack_modified; /* Indicates whether ack and seq numbers */ /* been modified */ }; #define N_LINK_TCP_DATA 3 /* Number of distinct ack number changes saved for a modified TCP stream */ struct tcp_dat { struct tcp_state state; struct ack_data_record ack[N_LINK_TCP_DATA]; int fwhole; /* Which firewall record is used for this hole? */ }; struct alias_link /* Main data structure */ { struct in_addr src_addr; /* Address and port information */ struct in_addr dst_addr; /* . */ struct in_addr alias_addr; /* . */ u_short src_port; /* . */ u_short dst_port; /* . */ u_short alias_port; /* . */ int link_type; /* Type of link: tcp, udp, icmp, frag */ /* values for link_type */ #define LINK_ICMP 1 #define LINK_UDP 2 #define LINK_TCP 3 #define LINK_FRAGMENT_ID 4 #define LINK_FRAGMENT_PTR 5 #define LINK_ADDR 6 int flags; /* indicates special characteristics */ /* flag bits */ #define LINK_UNKNOWN_DEST_PORT 0x01 #define LINK_UNKNOWN_DEST_ADDR 0x02 #define LINK_PERMANENT 0x04 #define LINK_PARTIALLY_SPECIFIED 0x03 /* logical-or of first two bits */ #define LINK_UNFIREWALLED 0x08 int timestamp; /* Time link was last accessed */ int expire_time; /* Expire time for link */ int sockfd; /* socket descriptor */ u_int start_point_out; /* Index number in output lookup table */ u_int start_point_in; struct alias_link *next_out; /* Linked list pointers for input and */ struct alias_link *last_out; /* output tables */ struct alias_link *next_in; /* . */ struct alias_link *last_in; /* . */ union /* Auxiliary data */ { char *frag_ptr; struct in_addr frag_addr; struct tcp_dat *tcp; } data; }; /* Global Variables The global variables listed here are only accessed from within alias_db.c and so are prefixed with the static designation. */ int packetAliasMode; /* Mode flags */ /* - documented in alias.h */ static struct in_addr aliasAddress; /* Address written onto source */ /* field of IP packet. */ static struct in_addr targetAddress; /* IP address incoming packets */ /* are sent to if no aliasing */ /* link already exists */ static struct in_addr nullAddress; /* Used as a dummy parameter for */ /* some function calls */ static struct alias_link * linkTableOut[LINK_TABLE_OUT_SIZE]; /* Lookup table of pointers to */ /* chains of link records. Each */ static struct alias_link * /* link record is doubly indexed */ linkTableIn[LINK_TABLE_IN_SIZE]; /* into input and output lookup */ /* tables. */ static int icmpLinkCount; /* Link statistics */ static int udpLinkCount; static int tcpLinkCount; static int fragmentIdLinkCount; static int fragmentPtrLinkCount; static int sockCount; static int cleanupIndex; /* Index to chain of link table */ /* being inspected for old links */ static int timeStamp; /* System time in seconds for */ /* current packet */ static int lastCleanupTime; /* Last time IncrementalCleanup() */ /* was called */ static int houseKeepingResidual; /* used by HouseKeeping() */ static int deleteAllLinks; /* If equal to zero, DeleteLink() */ /* will not remove permanent links */ static FILE *monitorFile; /* File descriptor for link */ /* statistics monitoring file */ static int newDefaultLink; /* Indicates if a new aliasing */ /* link has been created after a */ /* call to PacketAliasIn/Out(). */ static int fireWallFD = -1; /* File descriptor to be able to */ /* control firewall. Opened by */ /* PacketAliasSetMode on first */ /* setting the PKT_ALIAS_PUNCH_FW */ /* flag. */ /* Internal utility routines (used only in alias_db.c) Lookup table starting points: StartPointIn() -- link table initial search point for outgoing packets StartPointOut() -- port table initial search point for incoming packets Miscellaneous: SeqDiff() -- difference between two TCP sequences ShowAliasStats() -- send alias statistics to a monitor file */ /* Local prototypes */ static u_int StartPointIn(struct in_addr, u_short, int); static u_int StartPointOut(struct in_addr, struct in_addr, u_short, u_short, int); static int SeqDiff(u_long, u_long); static void ShowAliasStats(void); /* Firewall control */ static void InitPunchFW(void); static void UninitPunchFW(void); static void ClearFWHole(struct alias_link *link); /* Log file control */ static void InitPacketAliasLog(void); static void UninitPacketAliasLog(void); static u_int StartPointIn(struct in_addr alias_addr, u_short alias_port, int link_type) { u_int n; n = alias_addr.s_addr; n += alias_port; n += link_type; return(n % LINK_TABLE_IN_SIZE); } static u_int StartPointOut(struct in_addr src_addr, struct in_addr dst_addr, u_short src_port, u_short dst_port, int link_type) { u_int n; n = src_addr.s_addr; n += dst_addr.s_addr; n += src_port; n += dst_port; n += link_type; return(n % LINK_TABLE_OUT_SIZE); } static int SeqDiff(u_long x, u_long y) { /* Return the difference between two TCP sequence numbers */ /* This function is encapsulated in case there are any unusual arithmetic conditions that need to be considered. */ return (ntohl(y) - ntohl(x)); } static void ShowAliasStats(void) { /* Used for debugging */ if (packetAliasMode & PKT_ALIAS_LOG) { fprintf(monitorFile, "icmp=%d, udp=%d, tcp=%d, frag_id=%d frag_ptr=%d", icmpLinkCount, udpLinkCount, tcpLinkCount, fragmentIdLinkCount, fragmentPtrLinkCount); fprintf(monitorFile, " / tot=%d (sock=%d)\n", icmpLinkCount + udpLinkCount + tcpLinkCount + fragmentIdLinkCount + fragmentPtrLinkCount, sockCount); fflush(monitorFile); } } /* Internal routines for finding, deleting and adding links Port Allocation: GetNewPort() -- find and reserve new alias port number GetSocket() -- try to allocate a socket for a given port Link creation and deletion: CleanupAliasData() - remove all link chains from lookup table IncrementalCleanup() - look for stale links in a single chain DeleteLink() - remove link AddLink() - add link ReLink() - change link Link search: FindLinkOut() - find link for outgoing packets FindLinkIn() - find link for incoming packets */ /* Local prototypes */ static int GetNewPort(struct alias_link *, int); static u_short GetSocket(u_short, int *, int); static void CleanupAliasData(void); static void IncrementalCleanup(void); static void DeleteLink(struct alias_link *); static struct alias_link * AddLink(struct in_addr, struct in_addr, struct in_addr, u_short, u_short, int, int); static struct alias_link * ReLink(struct alias_link *, struct in_addr, struct in_addr, struct in_addr, u_short, u_short, int, int); static struct alias_link * FindLinkOut(struct in_addr, struct in_addr, u_short, u_short, int); static struct alias_link * FindLinkIn(struct in_addr, struct in_addr, u_short, u_short, int, int); #define ALIAS_PORT_BASE 0x08000 #define ALIAS_PORT_MASK 0x07fff #define GET_NEW_PORT_MAX_ATTEMPTS 20 #define GET_ALIAS_PORT -1 #define GET_ALIAS_ID GET_ALIAS_PORT /* GetNewPort() allocates port numbers. Note that if a port number is already in use, that does not mean that it cannot be used by another link concurrently. This is because GetNewPort() looks for unused triplets: (dest addr, dest port, alias port). */ static int GetNewPort(struct alias_link *link, int alias_port_param) { int i; int max_trials; u_short port_sys; u_short port_net; /* Description of alias_port_param for GetNewPort(). When this parameter is zero or positive, it precisely specifies the port number. GetNewPort() will return this number without check that it is in use. Whis this parameter is -1, it indicates to get a randomly selected port number. */ if (alias_port_param == GET_ALIAS_PORT) { /* * The aliasing port is automatically selected * by one of two methods below: */ max_trials = GET_NEW_PORT_MAX_ATTEMPTS; if (packetAliasMode & PKT_ALIAS_SAME_PORTS) { /* * When the ALIAS_SAME_PORTS option is * chosen, the first try will be the * actual source port. If this is already * in use, the remainder of the trials * will be random. */ port_net = link->src_port; port_sys = ntohs(port_net); } else { /* First trial and all subsequent are random. */ port_sys = random() & ALIAS_PORT_MASK; port_sys += ALIAS_PORT_BASE; port_net = htons(port_sys); } } else if (alias_port_param >= 0 && alias_port_param < 0x10000) { link->alias_port = (u_short) alias_port_param; return(0); } else { fprintf(stderr, "PacketAlias/GetNewPort(): "); fprintf(stderr, "input parameter error\n"); return(-1); } /* Port number search */ for (i=0; idst_addr, link->alias_addr, link->dst_port, port_net, link->link_type, 0); if (search_result == NULL) go_ahead = 1; else if (!(link->flags & LINK_PARTIALLY_SPECIFIED) && (search_result->flags & LINK_PARTIALLY_SPECIFIED)) go_ahead = 1; else go_ahead = 0; if (go_ahead) { if ((packetAliasMode && PKT_ALIAS_USE_SOCKETS) && (link->flags & LINK_PARTIALLY_SPECIFIED)) { if (GetSocket(port_net, &link->sockfd, link->link_type)) { link->alias_port = port_net; return(0); } } else { link->alias_port = port_net; return(0); } } port_sys = random() & ALIAS_PORT_MASK; port_sys += ALIAS_PORT_BASE; port_net = htons(port_sys); } fprintf(stderr, "PacketAlias/GetnewPort(): "); fprintf(stderr, "could not find free port\n"); return(-1); } static u_short GetSocket(u_short port_net, int *sockfd, int link_type) { int err; int sock; struct sockaddr_in sock_addr; if (link_type == LINK_TCP) sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); else if (link_type == LINK_UDP) sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0); else { fprintf(stderr, "PacketAlias/GetSocket(): "); fprintf(stderr, "incorrect link type\n"); return(0); } if (sock < 0) { fprintf(stderr, "PacketAlias/GetSocket(): "); fprintf(stderr, "socket() error %d\n", *sockfd); return(0); } sock_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; sock_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); sock_addr.sin_port = port_net; err = bind(sock, (struct sockaddr *) &sock_addr, sizeof(sock_addr)); if (err == 0) { sockCount++; *sockfd = sock; return(1); } else { close(sock); return(0); } } static void CleanupAliasData(void) { struct alias_link *link; int i, icount; icount = 0; for (i=0; inext_out; icount++; DeleteLink(link); link = link_next; } } cleanupIndex =0; } static void IncrementalCleanup(void) { int icount; struct alias_link *link; icount = 0; link = linkTableOut[cleanupIndex++]; while (link != NULL) { int idelta; struct alias_link *link_next; link_next = link->next_out; idelta = timeStamp - link->timestamp; switch (link->link_type) { case LINK_ICMP: case LINK_UDP: case LINK_FRAGMENT_ID: case LINK_FRAGMENT_PTR: if (idelta > link->expire_time) { DeleteLink(link); icount++; } break; case LINK_TCP: if (idelta > link->expire_time) { struct tcp_dat *tcp_aux; tcp_aux = link->data.tcp; if (tcp_aux->state.in != ALIAS_TCP_STATE_CONNECTED || tcp_aux->state.out != ALIAS_TCP_STATE_CONNECTED) { DeleteLink(link); icount++; } } break; } link = link_next; } if (cleanupIndex == LINK_TABLE_OUT_SIZE) cleanupIndex = 0; } void DeleteLink(struct alias_link *link) { struct alias_link *link_last; struct alias_link *link_next; /* Don't do anything if the link is marked permanent */ if (deleteAllLinks == 0 && link->flags & LINK_PERMANENT) return; /* Delete associatied firewall hole, if any */ ClearFWHole(link); /* Adjust output table pointers */ link_last = link->last_out; link_next = link->next_out; if (link_last != NULL) link_last->next_out = link_next; else linkTableOut[link->start_point_out] = link_next; if (link_next != NULL) link_next->last_out = link_last; /* Adjust input table pointers */ link_last = link->last_in; link_next = link->next_in; if (link_last != NULL) link_last->next_in = link_next; else linkTableIn[link->start_point_in] = link_next; if (link_next != NULL) link_next->last_in = link_last; /* Close socket, if one has been allocated */ if (link->sockfd != -1) { sockCount--; close(link->sockfd); } /* Link-type dependent cleanup */ switch(link->link_type) { case LINK_ICMP: icmpLinkCount--; break; case LINK_UDP: udpLinkCount--; break; case LINK_TCP: tcpLinkCount--; if (link->data.tcp != NULL) free(link->data.tcp); break; case LINK_FRAGMENT_ID: fragmentIdLinkCount--; break; case LINK_FRAGMENT_PTR: fragmentPtrLinkCount--; if (link->data.frag_ptr != NULL) free(link->data.frag_ptr); break; } /* Free memory */ free(link); /* Write statistics, if logging enabled */ if (packetAliasMode & PKT_ALIAS_LOG) { ShowAliasStats(); } } static struct alias_link * AddLink(struct in_addr src_addr, struct in_addr dst_addr, struct in_addr alias_addr, u_short src_port, u_short dst_port, int alias_port_param, /* if less than zero, alias */ int link_type) /* port will be automatically */ { /* chosen. If greater than */ u_int start_point; /* zero, equal to alias port */ struct alias_link *link; struct alias_link *first_link; link = malloc(sizeof(struct alias_link)); if (link != NULL) { /* If either the aliasing address or source address are equal to the default device address (equal to the global variable aliasAddress), then set the alias address field of the link record to zero */ if (src_addr.s_addr == aliasAddress.s_addr) src_addr.s_addr = 0; if (alias_addr.s_addr == aliasAddress.s_addr) alias_addr.s_addr = 0; /* Basic initialization */ link->src_addr = src_addr; link->dst_addr = dst_addr; link->src_port = src_port; link->alias_addr = alias_addr; link->dst_port = dst_port; link->link_type = link_type; link->sockfd = -1; link->flags = 0; link->timestamp = timeStamp; /* Expiration time */ switch (link_type) { case LINK_ICMP: link->expire_time = ICMP_EXPIRE_TIME; break; case LINK_UDP: link->expire_time = UDP_EXPIRE_TIME; break; case LINK_TCP: link->expire_time = TCP_EXPIRE_INITIAL; break; case LINK_FRAGMENT_ID: link->expire_time = FRAGMENT_ID_EXPIRE_TIME; break; case LINK_FRAGMENT_PTR: link->expire_time = FRAGMENT_PTR_EXPIRE_TIME; break; } /* Determine alias flags */ if (dst_addr.s_addr == 0) link->flags |= LINK_UNKNOWN_DEST_ADDR; if (dst_port == 0) link->flags |= LINK_UNKNOWN_DEST_PORT; /* Determine alias port */ if (GetNewPort(link, alias_port_param) != 0) { free(link); return(NULL); } /* Set up pointers for output lookup table */ start_point = StartPointOut(src_addr, dst_addr, src_port, dst_port, link_type); first_link = linkTableOut[start_point]; link->last_out = NULL; link->next_out = first_link; link->start_point_out = start_point; if (first_link != NULL) first_link->last_out = link; linkTableOut[start_point] = link; /* Set up pointers for input lookup table */ start_point = StartPointIn(alias_addr, link->alias_port, link_type); first_link = linkTableIn[start_point]; link->last_in = NULL; link->next_in = first_link; link->start_point_in = start_point; if (first_link != NULL) first_link->last_in = link; linkTableIn[start_point] = link; /* Link-type dependent initialization */ switch(link_type) { struct tcp_dat *aux_tcp; case LINK_ICMP: icmpLinkCount++; break; case LINK_UDP: udpLinkCount++; break; case LINK_TCP: aux_tcp = malloc(sizeof(struct tcp_dat)); link->data.tcp = aux_tcp; if (aux_tcp != NULL) { int i; tcpLinkCount++; aux_tcp->state.in = ALIAS_TCP_STATE_NOT_CONNECTED; aux_tcp->state.out = ALIAS_TCP_STATE_NOT_CONNECTED; aux_tcp->state.index = 0; aux_tcp->state.ack_modified = 0; for (i=0; iack[i].active = 0; aux_tcp->fwhole = -1; } else { fprintf(stderr, "PacketAlias/AddLink: "); fprintf(stderr, " cannot allocate auxiliary TCP data\n"); } break; case LINK_FRAGMENT_ID: fragmentIdLinkCount++; break; case LINK_FRAGMENT_PTR: fragmentPtrLinkCount++; break; } } else { fprintf(stderr, "PacketAlias/AddLink(): "); fprintf(stderr, "malloc() call failed.\n"); } if (packetAliasMode & PKT_ALIAS_LOG) { ShowAliasStats(); } return(link); } static struct alias_link * ReLink(struct alias_link *old_link, struct in_addr src_addr, struct in_addr dst_addr, struct in_addr alias_addr, u_short src_port, u_short dst_port, int alias_port_param, /* if less than zero, alias */ int link_type) /* port will be automatically */ { /* chosen. If greater than */ struct alias_link *new_link; /* zero, equal to alias port */ new_link = AddLink(src_addr, dst_addr, alias_addr, src_port, dst_port, alias_port_param, link_type); if (new_link != NULL && old_link->link_type == LINK_TCP && old_link->data.tcp && old_link->data.tcp->fwhole > 0) { PunchFWHole(new_link); } DeleteLink(old_link); return new_link; } static struct alias_link * FindLinkOut(struct in_addr src_addr, struct in_addr dst_addr, u_short src_port, u_short dst_port, int link_type) { u_int i; struct alias_link *link; if (src_addr.s_addr == aliasAddress.s_addr) src_addr.s_addr = 0; i = StartPointOut(src_addr, dst_addr, src_port, dst_port, link_type); link = linkTableOut[i]; while (link != NULL) { if (link->src_addr.s_addr == src_addr.s_addr && link->dst_addr.s_addr == dst_addr.s_addr && link->dst_port == dst_port && link->src_port == src_port && link->link_type == link_type) { link->timestamp = timeStamp; break; } link = link->next_out; } return(link); } struct alias_link * FindLinkIn(struct in_addr dst_addr, struct in_addr alias_addr, u_short dst_port, u_short alias_port, int link_type, int replace_partial_links) { int flags_in; u_int start_point; struct alias_link *link; struct alias_link *link_fully_specified; struct alias_link *link_unknown_all; struct alias_link *link_unknown_dst_addr; struct alias_link *link_unknown_dst_port; /* Initialize pointers */ link_fully_specified = NULL; link_unknown_all = NULL; link_unknown_dst_addr = NULL; link_unknown_dst_port = NULL; /* If either the dest addr or port is unknown, the search loop will have to know about this. */ flags_in = 0; if (dst_addr.s_addr == 0) flags_in |= LINK_UNKNOWN_DEST_ADDR; if (dst_port == 0) flags_in |= LINK_UNKNOWN_DEST_PORT; /* The following allows permanent links to be be specified as using the default aliasing address (i.e. device interface address) without knowing in advance what that address is. */ if (alias_addr.s_addr == aliasAddress.s_addr) alias_addr.s_addr = 0; /* Search loop */ start_point = StartPointIn(alias_addr, alias_port, link_type); link = linkTableIn[start_point]; while (link != NULL) { int flags; flags = flags_in | link->flags; if (!(flags & LINK_PARTIALLY_SPECIFIED)) { if (link->alias_addr.s_addr == alias_addr.s_addr && link->alias_port == alias_port && link->dst_addr.s_addr == dst_addr.s_addr && link->dst_port == dst_port && link->link_type == link_type) { link_fully_specified = link; break; } } else if ((flags & LINK_UNKNOWN_DEST_ADDR) && (flags & LINK_UNKNOWN_DEST_PORT)) { if (link->alias_addr.s_addr == alias_addr.s_addr && link->alias_port == alias_port && link->link_type == link_type) { if (link_unknown_all == NULL) link_unknown_all = link; } } else if (flags & LINK_UNKNOWN_DEST_ADDR) { if (link->alias_addr.s_addr == alias_addr.s_addr && link->alias_port == alias_port && link->link_type == link_type && link->dst_port == dst_port) { if (link_unknown_dst_addr == NULL) link_unknown_dst_addr = link; } } else if (flags & LINK_UNKNOWN_DEST_PORT) { if (link->alias_addr.s_addr == alias_addr.s_addr && link->alias_port == alias_port && link->link_type == link_type && link->dst_addr.s_addr == dst_addr.s_addr) { if (link_unknown_dst_port == NULL) link_unknown_dst_port = link; } } link = link->next_in; } if (link_fully_specified != NULL) { return link_fully_specified; } else if (link_unknown_dst_port != NULL) { return replace_partial_links ? ReLink(link_unknown_dst_port, link_unknown_dst_port->src_addr, dst_addr, alias_addr, link_unknown_dst_port->src_port, dst_port, alias_port, link_type) : link_unknown_dst_port; } else if (link_unknown_dst_addr != NULL) { return replace_partial_links ? ReLink(link_unknown_dst_addr, link_unknown_dst_addr->src_addr, dst_addr, alias_addr, link_unknown_dst_addr->src_port, dst_port, alias_port, link_type) : link_unknown_dst_addr; } else if (link_unknown_all != NULL) { return replace_partial_links ? ReLink(link_unknown_all, link_unknown_all->src_addr, dst_addr, alias_addr, link_unknown_all->src_port, dst_port, alias_port, link_type) : link_unknown_all; } else { return(NULL); } } /* External routines for finding/adding links -- "external" means outside alias_db.c, but within alias*.c -- FindIcmpIn(), FindIcmpOut() FindFragmentIn1(), FindFragmentIn2() AddFragmentPtrLink(), FindFragmentPtr() FindUdpTcpIn(), FindUdpTcpOut() FindOriginalAddress(), FindAliasAddress() (prototypes in alias_local.h) */ struct alias_link * FindIcmpIn(struct in_addr dst_addr, struct in_addr alias_addr, u_short id_alias) { return FindLinkIn(dst_addr, alias_addr, NO_DEST_PORT, id_alias, LINK_ICMP, 0); } struct alias_link * FindIcmpOut(struct in_addr src_addr, struct in_addr dst_addr, u_short id) { struct alias_link * link; link = FindLinkOut(src_addr, dst_addr, id, NO_DEST_PORT, LINK_ICMP); if (link == NULL) { struct in_addr alias_addr; alias_addr = FindAliasAddress(src_addr); link = AddLink(src_addr, dst_addr, alias_addr, id, NO_DEST_PORT, GET_ALIAS_ID, LINK_ICMP); } return(link); } struct alias_link * FindFragmentIn1(struct in_addr dst_addr, struct in_addr alias_addr, u_short ip_id) { struct alias_link *link; link = FindLinkIn(dst_addr, alias_addr, NO_DEST_PORT, ip_id, LINK_FRAGMENT_ID, 0); if (link == NULL) { link = AddLink(nullAddress, dst_addr, alias_addr, NO_SRC_PORT, NO_DEST_PORT, ip_id, LINK_FRAGMENT_ID); } return(link); } struct alias_link * FindFragmentIn2(struct in_addr dst_addr, /* Doesn't add a link if one */ struct in_addr alias_addr, /* is not found. */ u_short ip_id) { return FindLinkIn(dst_addr, alias_addr, NO_DEST_PORT, ip_id, LINK_FRAGMENT_ID, 0); } struct alias_link * AddFragmentPtrLink(struct in_addr dst_addr, u_short ip_id) { return AddLink(nullAddress, dst_addr, nullAddress, NO_SRC_PORT, NO_DEST_PORT, ip_id, LINK_FRAGMENT_PTR); } struct alias_link * FindFragmentPtr(struct in_addr dst_addr, u_short ip_id) { return FindLinkIn(dst_addr, nullAddress, NO_DEST_PORT, ip_id, LINK_FRAGMENT_PTR, 0); } struct alias_link * FindUdpTcpIn(struct in_addr dst_addr, struct in_addr alias_addr, u_short dst_port, u_short alias_port, u_char proto) { int link_type; struct alias_link *link; switch (proto) { case IPPROTO_UDP: link_type = LINK_UDP; break; case IPPROTO_TCP: link_type = LINK_TCP; break; default: return NULL; break; } link = FindLinkIn(dst_addr, alias_addr, dst_port, alias_port, link_type, 1); if ( !(packetAliasMode & PKT_ALIAS_DENY_INCOMING) && link == NULL) { struct in_addr target_addr; target_addr = FindOriginalAddress(alias_addr); link = AddLink(target_addr, dst_addr, alias_addr, alias_port, dst_port, alias_port, link_type); } return(link); } struct alias_link * FindUdpTcpOut(struct in_addr src_addr, struct in_addr dst_addr, u_short src_port, u_short dst_port, u_char proto) { int link_type; struct alias_link *link; switch (proto) { case IPPROTO_UDP: link_type = LINK_UDP; break; case IPPROTO_TCP: link_type = LINK_TCP; break; default: return NULL; break; } link = FindLinkOut(src_addr, dst_addr, src_port, dst_port, link_type); if (link == NULL) { struct in_addr alias_addr; alias_addr = FindAliasAddress(src_addr); link = AddLink(src_addr, dst_addr, alias_addr, src_port, dst_port, GET_ALIAS_PORT, link_type); } return(link); } struct in_addr FindOriginalAddress(struct in_addr alias_addr) { struct alias_link *link; link = FindLinkIn(nullAddress, alias_addr, 0, 0, LINK_ADDR, 0); if (link == NULL) { newDefaultLink = 1; if (targetAddress.s_addr != 0) return targetAddress; else return alias_addr; } else { if (link->src_addr.s_addr == 0) return aliasAddress; else return link->src_addr; } } struct in_addr FindAliasAddress(struct in_addr original_addr) { struct alias_link *link; link = FindLinkOut(original_addr, nullAddress, 0, 0, LINK_ADDR); if (link == NULL) { return aliasAddress; } else { if (link->alias_addr.s_addr == 0) return aliasAddress; else return link->alias_addr; } } /* External routines for getting or changing link data (external to alias_db.c, but internal to alias*.c) SetFragmentData(), GetFragmentData() SetFragmentPtr(), GetFragmentPtr() SetStateIn(), SetStateOut(), GetStateIn(), GetStateOut() GetOriginalAddress(), GetDestAddress(), GetAliasAddress() GetOriginalPort(), GetAliasPort() SetAckModified(), GetAckModified() GetDeltaAckIn(), GetDeltaSeqOut(), AddSeq() */ void SetFragmentAddr(struct alias_link *link, struct in_addr src_addr) { link->data.frag_addr = src_addr; } void GetFragmentAddr(struct alias_link *link, struct in_addr *src_addr) { *src_addr = link->data.frag_addr; } void SetFragmentPtr(struct alias_link *link, char *fptr) { link->data.frag_ptr = fptr; } void GetFragmentPtr(struct alias_link *link, char **fptr) { *fptr = link->data.frag_ptr; } void SetStateIn(struct alias_link *link, int state) { /* TCP input state */ switch (state) { case ALIAS_TCP_STATE_DISCONNECTED: if (link->data.tcp->state.out != ALIAS_TCP_STATE_CONNECTED) { link->expire_time = TCP_EXPIRE_DEAD; } else { link->expire_time = TCP_EXPIRE_SINGLEDEAD; } link->data.tcp->state.in = state; break; case ALIAS_TCP_STATE_CONNECTED: link->expire_time = TCP_EXPIRE_CONNECTED; /*FALLTHROUGH*/ case ALIAS_TCP_STATE_NOT_CONNECTED: link->data.tcp->state.in = state; break; default: abort(); } } void SetStateOut(struct alias_link *link, int state) { /* TCP output state */ switch (state) { case ALIAS_TCP_STATE_DISCONNECTED: if (link->data.tcp->state.in != ALIAS_TCP_STATE_CONNECTED) { link->expire_time = TCP_EXPIRE_DEAD; } else { link->expire_time = TCP_EXPIRE_SINGLEDEAD; } link->data.tcp->state.out = state; break; case ALIAS_TCP_STATE_CONNECTED: link->expire_time = TCP_EXPIRE_CONNECTED; /*FALLTHROUGH*/ case ALIAS_TCP_STATE_NOT_CONNECTED: link->data.tcp->state.out = state; break; default: abort(); } } int GetStateIn(struct alias_link *link) { /* TCP input state */ return link->data.tcp->state.in; } int GetStateOut(struct alias_link *link) { /* TCP output state */ return link->data.tcp->state.out; } struct in_addr GetOriginalAddress(struct alias_link *link) { if (link->src_addr.s_addr == 0) return aliasAddress; else return(link->src_addr); } struct in_addr GetDestAddress(struct alias_link *link) { return(link->dst_addr); } struct in_addr GetAliasAddress(struct alias_link *link) { if (link->alias_addr.s_addr == 0) return aliasAddress; else return link->alias_addr; } struct in_addr GetDefaultAliasAddress() { return aliasAddress; } void SetDefaultAliasAddress(struct in_addr alias_addr) { aliasAddress = alias_addr; } u_short GetOriginalPort(struct alias_link *link) { return(link->src_port); } u_short GetAliasPort(struct alias_link *link) { return(link->alias_port); } u_short GetDestPort(struct alias_link *link) { return(link->dst_port); } void SetAckModified(struct alias_link *link) { /* Indicate that ack numbers have been modified in a TCP connection */ link->data.tcp->state.ack_modified = 1; } int GetAckModified(struct alias_link *link) { /* See if ack numbers have been modified */ return link->data.tcp->state.ack_modified; } int GetDeltaAckIn(struct ip *pip, struct alias_link *link) { /* Find out how much the ack number has been altered for an incoming TCP packet. To do this, a circular list is ack numbers where the TCP packet size was altered is searched. */ int i; struct tcphdr *tc; int delta, ack_diff_min; u_long ack; tc = (struct tcphdr *) ((char *) pip + (pip->ip_hl << 2)); ack = tc->th_ack; delta = 0; ack_diff_min = -1; for (i=0; idata.tcp->ack[i]; if (x.active == 1) { int ack_diff; ack_diff = SeqDiff(x.ack_new, ack); if (ack_diff >= 0) { if (ack_diff_min >= 0) { if (ack_diff < ack_diff_min) { delta = x.delta; ack_diff_min = ack_diff; } } else { delta = x.delta; ack_diff_min = ack_diff; } } } } return (delta); } int GetDeltaSeqOut(struct ip *pip, struct alias_link *link) { /* Find out how much the seq number has been altered for an outgoing TCP packet. To do this, a circular list is ack numbers where the TCP packet size was altered is searched. */ int i; struct tcphdr *tc; int delta, seq_diff_min; u_long seq; tc = (struct tcphdr *) ((char *) pip + (pip->ip_hl << 2)); seq = tc->th_seq; delta = 0; seq_diff_min = -1; for (i=0; idata.tcp->ack[i]; if (x.active == 1) { int seq_diff; seq_diff = SeqDiff(x.ack_old, seq); if (seq_diff >= 0) { if (seq_diff_min >= 0) { if (seq_diff < seq_diff_min) { delta = x.delta; seq_diff_min = seq_diff; } } else { delta = x.delta; seq_diff_min = seq_diff; } } } } return (delta); } void AddSeq(struct ip *pip, struct alias_link *link, int delta) { /* When a TCP packet has been altered in length, save this information in a circular list. If enough packets have been altered, then this list will begin to overwrite itself. */ struct tcphdr *tc; struct ack_data_record x; int hlen, tlen, dlen; int i; tc = (struct tcphdr *) ((char *) pip + (pip->ip_hl << 2)); hlen = (pip->ip_hl + tc->th_off) << 2; tlen = ntohs(pip->ip_len); dlen = tlen - hlen; x.ack_old = htonl(ntohl(tc->th_seq) + dlen); x.ack_new = htonl(ntohl(tc->th_seq) + dlen + delta); x.delta = delta; x.active = 1; i = link->data.tcp->state.index; link->data.tcp->ack[i] = x; i++; if (i == N_LINK_TCP_DATA) link->data.tcp->state.index = 0; else link->data.tcp->state.index = i; } void SetExpire(struct alias_link *link, int expire) { if (expire == 0) { link->flags &= ~LINK_PERMANENT; DeleteLink(link); } else if (expire == -1) { link->flags |= LINK_PERMANENT; } else if (expire > 0) { link->expire_time = expire; } else { fprintf(stderr, "PacketAlias/SetExpire(): "); fprintf(stderr, "error in expire parameter\n"); } } void ClearCheckNewLink(void) { newDefaultLink = 0; } /* Miscellaneous Functions HouseKeeping() InitPacketAliasLog() UninitPacketAliasLog() */ /* Whenever an outgoing or incoming packet is handled, HouseKeeping() is called to find and remove timed-out aliasing links. Logic exists to sweep through the entire table and linked list structure every 60 seconds. (prototype in alias_local.h) */ void HouseKeeping(void) { int i, n, n100; struct timeval tv; struct timezone tz; /* * Save system time (seconds) in global variable timeStamp for * use by other functions. This is done so as not to unnecessarily * waste timeline by making system calls. */ gettimeofday(&tv, &tz); timeStamp = tv.tv_sec; /* Compute number of spokes (output table link chains) to cover */ n100 = LINK_TABLE_OUT_SIZE * 100 + houseKeepingResidual; n100 *= timeStamp - lastCleanupTime; n100 /= ALIAS_CLEANUP_INTERVAL_SECS; n = n100/100; /* Handle different cases */ if (n > ALIAS_CLEANUP_MAX_SPOKES) { n = ALIAS_CLEANUP_MAX_SPOKES; lastCleanupTime = timeStamp; houseKeepingResidual = 0; for (i=0; i 0) { lastCleanupTime = timeStamp; houseKeepingResidual = n100 - 100*n; for (i=0; iflags |= LINK_PERMANENT; } else { fprintf(stderr, "PacketAliasRedirectPort(): " "call to AddLink() failed\n"); } return link; } /* Static address translation */ struct alias_link * PacketAliasRedirectAddr(struct in_addr src_addr, struct in_addr alias_addr) { struct alias_link *link; link = AddLink(src_addr, nullAddress, alias_addr, 0, 0, 0, LINK_ADDR); if (link != NULL) { link->flags |= LINK_PERMANENT; } else { fprintf(stderr, "PacketAliasRedirectAddr(): " "call to AddLink() failed\n"); } return link; } void PacketAliasRedirectDelete(struct alias_link *link) { /* This is a dangerous function to put in the API, because an invalid pointer can crash the program. */ deleteAllLinks = 1; DeleteLink(link); deleteAllLinks = 0; } void PacketAliasSetAddress(struct in_addr addr) { if (packetAliasMode & PKT_ALIAS_RESET_ON_ADDR_CHANGE && aliasAddress.s_addr != addr.s_addr) CleanupAliasData(); aliasAddress = addr; } void PacketAliasSetTarget(struct in_addr target_addr) { targetAddress = target_addr; } void PacketAliasInit(void) { int i; struct timeval tv; struct timezone tz; static int firstCall = 1; if (firstCall == 1) { gettimeofday(&tv, &tz); timeStamp = tv.tv_sec; lastCleanupTime = tv.tv_sec; houseKeepingResidual = 0; for (i=0; i #include #include #include #include static void ClearAllFWHoles(void); static int fireWallBaseNum; /* The first firewall entry free for our use */ static int fireWallNumNums; /* How many entries can we use? */ static int fireWallActiveNum; /* Which entry did we last use? */ static char *fireWallField; /* bool array for entries */ #define fw_setfield(field, num) \ do { \ (field)[num] = 1; \ } /*lint -save -e717 */ while(0) /*lint -restore */ #define fw_clrfield(field, num) \ do { \ (field)[num] = 0; \ } /*lint -save -e717 */ while(0) /*lint -restore */ #define fw_tstfield(field, num) ((field)[num]) void PacketAliasSetFWBase(unsigned int base, unsigned int num) { fireWallBaseNum = base; fireWallNumNums = num; } static void InitPunchFW(void) { fireWallField = malloc(fireWallNumNums); if (fireWallField) { memset(fireWallField, 0, fireWallNumNums); if (fireWallFD < 0) { fireWallFD = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_RAW); } ClearAllFWHoles(); fireWallActiveNum = fireWallBaseNum; } } static void UninitPunchFW(void) { ClearAllFWHoles(); if (fireWallFD >= 0) close(fireWallFD); fireWallFD = -1; if (fireWallField) free(fireWallField); fireWallField = NULL; packetAliasMode &= ~PKT_ALIAS_PUNCH_FW; } /* Make a certain link go through the firewall */ void PunchFWHole(struct alias_link *link) { int r; /* Result code */ struct ip_fw rule; /* On-the-fly built rule */ int fwhole; /* Where to punch hole */ /* Don't do anything unless we are asked to */ if ( !(packetAliasMode & PKT_ALIAS_PUNCH_FW) || fireWallFD < 0 || link->link_type != LINK_TCP || !link->data.tcp) return; memset(&rule, 0, sizeof rule); /** Build rule **/ /* Find empty slot */ for (fwhole = fireWallActiveNum; fwhole < fireWallBaseNum + fireWallNumNums && fw_tstfield(fireWallField, fwhole); fwhole++) ; if (fwhole >= fireWallBaseNum + fireWallNumNums || fw_tstfield(fireWallField, fwhole)) { for (fwhole = fireWallBaseNum; fwhole < fireWallActiveNum && fw_tstfield(fireWallField, fwhole); fwhole++) ; if (fwhole == fireWallActiveNum) { /* No rule point empty - we can't punch more holes. */ fireWallActiveNum = fireWallBaseNum; fprintf(stderr, "libalias: Unable to create firewall hole!\n"); return; } } /* Start next search at next position */ fireWallActiveNum = fwhole+1; /* Build generic part of the two rules */ rule.fw_number = fwhole; rule.fw_nports = 1; /* Number of source ports; dest ports follow */ rule.fw_flg = IP_FW_F_ACCEPT; rule.fw_prot = IPPROTO_TCP; rule.fw_smsk.s_addr = INADDR_BROADCAST; rule.fw_dmsk.s_addr = INADDR_BROADCAST; /* Build and apply specific part of the rules */ rule.fw_src = GetOriginalAddress(link); rule.fw_dst = GetDestAddress(link); rule.fw_uar.fw_pts[0] = ntohs(GetOriginalPort(link)); rule.fw_uar.fw_pts[1] = ntohs(GetDestPort(link)); /* Skip non-bound links - XXX should not be strictly necessary, but seems to leave hole if not done. Leak of non-bound links? (Code should be left even if the problem is fixed - it is a clear optimization) */ if (rule.fw_uar.fw_pts[0] != 0 && rule.fw_uar.fw_pts[1] != 0) { r = setsockopt(fireWallFD, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_ADD, &rule, sizeof rule); if (r) err(1, "alias punch inbound(1) setsockopt(IP_FW_ADD)"); rule.fw_src = GetDestAddress(link); rule.fw_dst = GetOriginalAddress(link); rule.fw_uar.fw_pts[0] = ntohs(GetDestPort(link)); rule.fw_uar.fw_pts[1] = ntohs(GetOriginalPort(link)); r = setsockopt(fireWallFD, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_ADD, &rule, sizeof rule); if (r) err(1, "alias punch inbound(2) setsockopt(IP_FW_ADD)"); } /* Indicate hole applied */ link->data.tcp->fwhole = fwhole; fw_setfield(fireWallField, fwhole); } /* Remove a hole in a firewall associated with a particular alias link. Calling this too often is harmless. */ static void ClearFWHole(struct alias_link *link) { if (link->link_type == LINK_TCP && link->data.tcp) { int fwhole = link->data.tcp->fwhole; /* Where is the firewall hole? */ struct ip_fw rule; if (fwhole < 0) return; memset(&rule, 0, sizeof rule); rule.fw_number = fwhole; while (!setsockopt(fireWallFD, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_DEL, &rule, sizeof rule)) ; fw_clrfield(fireWallField, fwhole); link->data.tcp->fwhole = -1; } } /* Clear out the entire range dedicated to firewall holes. */ static void ClearAllFWHoles(void) { struct ip_fw rule; /* On-the-fly built rule */ int i; if (fireWallFD < 0) return; memset(&rule, 0, sizeof rule); for (i = fireWallBaseNum; i < fireWallBaseNum + fireWallNumNums; i++) { rule.fw_number = i; while (!setsockopt(fireWallFD, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_DEL, &rule, sizeof rule)) ; } memset(fireWallField, 0, fireWallNumNums); }