################################################################################ # Thelp DDisplay command help help [topic [subtopic]] ? The help command displays help on commands and their usage. In command help, a term enclosed with <...> indicates a value as described by the term. A term enclosed with [...] is optional, and may not be required by all forms of the command. Some commands may not be available. Use the '?' command to list most available commands. If needed, disable the use of ACPI with: unset acpi_load $hint.acpi.0.disabled="1" ################################################################################ # Tautoboot DBoot after a delay autoboot [ []] Displays or a default prompt, and counts down seconds before attempting to boot. If is not specified, the default value is 10. ################################################################################ # Tboot DBoot immediately boot [] [- ...] Boot the system. If arguments are specified, they are added to the arguments for the kernel. If is specified, and a kernel has not already been loaded, it will be booted instead of the default kernel. ################################################################################ # Techo DEcho arguments echo [-n] [] Emits , with no trailing newline if -n is specified. This is most useful in conjunction with scripts and the '@' line prefix. Variables are substituted by prefixing them with $, eg. echo Current device is $currdev will print the current device. ################################################################################ # Tload DLoad a kernel or module load [-t ] Loads the module contained in into memory. If no other modules are loaded, must be a kernel or the command will fail. If -t is specified, the module is loaded as raw data of , for later use by the kernel or other modules. may be any string. ################################################################################ # Tls DList files ls [-l] [] Displays a listing of files in the directory , or the root directory of the current device if is not specified. The -l argument displays file sizes as well; the process of obtaining file sizes on some media may be very slow. ################################################################################ # Tlsdev DList devices lsdev [-v] List all of the devices from which it may be possible to load modules. If -v is specified, print more details. ################################################################################ # Tlsmod DList modules lsmod [-v] List loaded modules. If [-v] is specified, print more details. ################################################################################ # Tmore DPage files more [ ...] Show contents of text files. When displaying the contents of more, than one file, if the user elects to quit displaying a file, the remaining files will not be shown. ################################################################################ # Tpnpscan DScan for PnP devices pnpscan [-v] Scan for Plug-and-Play devices. This command is normally automatically run as part of the boot process, in order to dynamically load modules required for system operation. If the -v argument is specified, details on the devices found will be printed. ################################################################################ # Tset DSet a variable set set = The set command is used to set variables. ################################################################################ # Tset Sautoboot_delay DSet the default autoboot delay set autoboot_delay= Sets the default delay for the autoboot command to seconds. ################################################################################ # Tset Sbootfile DSet the default boot file set set bootfile=[;...] Sets the default set of kernel boot filename(s). It may be overridden by setting the bootfile variable to a semicolon-separated list of filenames, each of which will be searched for in the module_path directories. The default bootfile set is "kernel". ################################################################################ # Tset Sboot_askname DPrompt for root device set boot_askname Instructs the kernel to prompt the user for the name of the root device when the kernel is booted. ################################################################################ # Tset Sboot_ddb DDrop to the kernel debugger (DDB) set boot_ddb Instructs the kernel to start in the DDB debugger, rather than proceeding to initialise when booted. ################################################################################ # Tset Sboot_gdb DSelect gdb-remote mode set boot_gdb Selects gdb-remote mode for the kernel debugger by default. ################################################################################ # Tset Sboot_single DStart system in single-user mode set boot_single Prevents the kernel from initiating a multi-user startup, single-user mode will be entered when the kernel has finished device probes. ################################################################################ # Tset Sboot_verbose DVerbose boot messages set boot_verbose Setting this variable causes extra debugging information to be printed by the kernel during the boot phase. ################################################################################ # Tset Sconsole DSet the current console set console[=] Sets the current console. If is omitted, a list of valid consoles will be displayed. ################################################################################ # Tset Scurrdev DSet the current device set currdev= Selects the default device. Syntax for devices is odd. ################################################################################ # Tset Sinit_path DSet the list of init candidates set init_path=[:...] Sets the list of binaries which the kernel will try to run as initial process. ################################################################################ # Tset Smodule_path DSet the module search path set module_path=[;...] Sets the list of directories which will be searched in for modules named in a load command or implicitly required by a dependency. The default module_path is "/boot/kernel;/boot/modules". ################################################################################ # Tset Sprompt DSet the command prompt set prompt= The command prompt is displayed when the loader is waiting for input. Variable substitution is performed on the prompt. The default prompt can be set with: set prompt=\$currdev> ################################################################################ # Tset Srootdev DSet the root filesystem set rootdev= By default the value of $currdev is used to set the root filesystem when the kernel is booted. This can be overridden by setting $rootdev explicitly. ################################################################################ # Tset Stunables DSet kernel tunable values Various kernel tunable parameters can be overridden by specifying new values in the environment. set kern.ipc.nmbclusters= NMBCLUSTERS Set the number of mbuf clusters to be allocated. The value cannot be set below the default determined when the kernel was compiled. set kern.ipc.nsfbufs= NSFBUFS Set the number of sendfile buffers to be allocated. This overrides the value determined when the kernel was compiled. set kern.vm.kmem.size= VM_KMEM_SIZE Sets the size of kernel memory (bytes). This overrides the value determined when the kernel was compiled. set machdep.disable_mtrrs=1 Disable the use of i686 MTRRs (i386 only) set net.inet.tcp.tcbhashsize= TCBHASHSIZE Overrides the compile-time set value of TCBHASHSIZE or the preset default of 512. Must be a power of 2. hw.syscons.sc_no_suspend_vtswitch= Disable VT switching on suspend. value is 0 (default) or non-zero to enable. set hw.physmem= MAXMEM (i386 only) Limits the amount of physical memory space available to the system to bytes. may have a k, M or G suffix to indicate kilobytes, megabytes and gigabytes respectively. Note that the current i386 architecture limits this value to 4GB. On systems where memory cannot be accurately probed, this option provides a hint as to the actual size of system memory (which will be tested before use). set hw.pci.allow_unsupported_io_range= Allow the PCI Bridge to pass through an unsupported memory range assigned by the BIOS. value is 0 (default) or non-zero to enable. set hw.pci.enable_io_modes= Enable PCI resources which are left off by some BIOSes or are not enabled correctly by the device driver. value is 1 (default), but this may cause problems with some peripherals. Set to 0 to disable. ################################################################################ # Tshow DShow the values of variables show [] Displays the value of , or all variables if not specified. Multiple paths can be separated with a semicolon. ################################################################################ # Tinclude DRead commands from a script file include [ ...] The entire contents of are read into memory before executing commands, so it is safe to source a file from removable media. ################################################################################ # Tread DRead input from the terminal read [-t ] [-p ] [] The read command reads a line of input from the terminal. If the -t argument is specified, it will return nothing if no input has been received after seconds. (Any keypress will cancel the timeout). If -p is specified, is printed before reading input. No newline is emitted after the prompt. If a variable name is supplied, the variable is set to the value read, less any terminating newline. ################################################################################ # Tunload DRemove all modules from memory unload This command removes any kernel and all loaded modules from memory. ################################################################################ # Tunset DUnset a variable unset If allowed, the named variable's value is discarded and the variable is removed. ################################################################################