From 1a5b3efab9c6a91db0442d88c96e715e1241b03a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: rnordier Date: Mon, 6 Jul 1998 20:01:34 +0000 Subject: Add newfs_msdos: extensive newfs-style support for creating FAT12, FAT16, and FAT32 file systems in all their various horriblenesses. Approved-in-concept by: joerg --- sbin/newfs_msdos/Makefile | 6 + sbin/newfs_msdos/newfs_msdos.8 | 173 ++++++++ sbin/newfs_msdos/newfs_msdos.c | 924 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3 files changed, 1103 insertions(+) create mode 100644 sbin/newfs_msdos/Makefile create mode 100644 sbin/newfs_msdos/newfs_msdos.8 create mode 100644 sbin/newfs_msdos/newfs_msdos.c (limited to 'sbin/newfs_msdos') diff --git a/sbin/newfs_msdos/Makefile b/sbin/newfs_msdos/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 0000000..bb9c6e5 --- /dev/null +++ b/sbin/newfs_msdos/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +# $Id$ + +PROG= newfs_msdos +MAN8= newfs_msdos.8 + +.include diff --git a/sbin/newfs_msdos/newfs_msdos.8 b/sbin/newfs_msdos/newfs_msdos.8 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3119b97 --- /dev/null +++ b/sbin/newfs_msdos/newfs_msdos.8 @@ -0,0 +1,173 @@ +.\" Copyright (c) 1998 Robert Nordier +.\" All rights reserved. +.\" +.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without +.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions +.\" are met: +.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright +.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. +.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright +.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in +.\" the documentation and/or other materials provided with the +.\" distribution. +.\" +.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR(S) ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS +.\" OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED +.\" WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE +.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR(S) BE LIABLE FOR ANY +.\" DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL +.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE +.\" GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS +.\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER +.\" IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR +.\" OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN +.\" IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. +.\" +.\" $Id$ +.\" +.Dd July 6, 1998 +.Dt NEWFS_MSDOS 8 +.Os +.Sh NAME +.Nm newfs_msdos +.Nd construct a new MS-DOS (FAT) file system +.Sh SYNOPSIS +.Nm +.Op Fl N +.Op Fl B Ar boot +.Op Fl F Ar FAT-type +.Op Fl I Ar volid +.Op Fl L Ar label +.Op Fl O Ar OEM +.Op Fl S Ar sector-size +.Op Fl a Ar FAT-size +.Op Fl b Ar block-size +.Op Fl c Ar cluster-size +.Op Fl e Ar dirents +.Op Fl f Ar format +.Op Fl h Ar heads +.Op Fl i Ar info +.Op Fl k Ar backup +.Op Fl m Ar media +.Op Fl n Ar FATs +.Op Fl o Ar hidden +.Op Fl r Ar reserved +.Op Fl s Ar total +.Op Fl u Ar track-size +.Ar special +.Op Ar disktype +.Sh DESCRIPTION +The +.Nm +utility creates a FAT12, FAT16, or FAT32 file system on device +.Ar special , +using +.Xr disktab 5 +entry +.Ar disktype +to determine geometry, if required. +.Pp +The options are as follow: +.Bl -tag -width Fl +.It Fl N +Don't create a file system: just print out parameters. +.It Fl B Ar boot +Get bootstrap from file. +.It Fl F Ar FAT-type +FAT type (one of 12, 16, or 32). +.It Fl I Ar volid +Volume ID. +.It Fl L Ar label +Volume label (up to 11 characters). The label should consist of +only those characters permitted in regular DOS (8+3) filenames. +.It Fl O Ar OEM +OEM string (up to 8 characters). The default is +"BSD 4.4". +.It Fl S Ar sector-size +Number of bytes per sector. Acceptable values are powers of 2 +in the range 128 through 32768. +.It Fl a Ar FAT-size +Number of sectors per FAT. +.It Fl b Ar block-size. +File system block size (bytes per cluster). This should resolve to an +acceptable number of sectors per cluster (see below). +.It Fl c Ar cluster-size +Sectors per cluster. Acceptable values are powers of 2 in the range +1 through 128. +.It Fl e Ar dirents +Number of root directory entries (FAT12 and FAT16 only). +.It Fl f Ar format +Specify a standard (floppy disk) format. The eight standard formats +are (capacities in kilobytes): 160, 180, 320, 360, 720, 1200, 1440, +2880. +.It Fl h Ar heads +Number of drive heads. +.It Fl i Ar info +Location of the file system info sector (FAT32 only). +A value of 0xffff signifies no info sector. +.It Fl k Ar backup +Location of the backup boot sector (FAT32 only). A value +of 0xffff signifies no backup sector. +.It Fl m Ar media +Media descriptor (acceptable range 0xf0 to 0xff). +.It Fl n Ar FATs +Number of FATs. Acceptable values are 1 to 16 inclusive. The default +is 2. +.It Fl o Ar hidden +Number of hidden sectors. +.It Fl r Ar reserved +Number of reserved sectors. +.It Fl s Ar total +File system size. +.It Fl u Ar track-size +Number of sectors per track. +.El +.Sh NOTES +FAT file system parameters occupy a "Boot Sector BPB (BIOS Parameter +Block)" in the first of the "reserved" sectors which precede the actual +file system. For reference purposes, this structure is presented +below. +.Bd -literal +struct bsbpb { + u_int16_t bps; /* [-S] bytes per sector */ + u_int8_t spc; /* [-c] sectors per cluster */ + u_int16_t res; /* [-r] reserved sectors */ + u_int8_t nft; /* [-n] number of FATs */ + u_int16_t rde; /* [-e] root directory entries */ + u_int16_t sec; /* [-s] total sectors */ + u_int8_t mid; /* [-m] media descriptor */ + u_int16_t spf; /* [-a] sectors per FAT */ + u_int16_t spt; /* [-u] sectors per track */ + u_int16_t hds; /* [-h] drive heads */ + u_int32_t hid; /* [-o] hidden sectors */ + u_int32_t bsec; /* [-s] big total sectors */ +}; +/* FAT32 extensions */ +struct bsxbpb { + u_int32_t bspf; /* [-a] big sectors per FAT */ + u_int16_t xflg; /* control flags */ + u_int16_t vers; /* file system version */ + u_int32_t rdcl; /* root directory start cluster */ + u_int16_t infs; /* [-i] file system info sector */ + u_int16_t bkbs; /* [-k] backup boot sector */ +}; +.Ed +.Sh EXAMPLES + + newfs_msdos /dev/rwd0s1 + +Create a file system, using default parameters, on /dev/rwd0s1. + + newfs_msdos -f 1440 -L foo fd0 + +Create a standard 1.44M file system, with volume label "foo", on +/dev/rfd0. +.Sh SEE ALSO +.Xr disklabel 8 , +.Xr disktab 5 , +.Xr fdisk 8 , +.Xr newfs 8 +.Sh DIAGNOSTICS +Exit status is 0 on success and 1 on error. +.Sh AUTHORS +.An Robert Nordier Aq rnordier@FreeBSD.ORG . diff --git a/sbin/newfs_msdos/newfs_msdos.c b/sbin/newfs_msdos/newfs_msdos.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000..220cbcf --- /dev/null +++ b/sbin/newfs_msdos/newfs_msdos.c @@ -0,0 +1,924 @@ +/* + * Copyright (c) 1998 Robert Nordier + * All rights reserved. + * + * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without + * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions + * are met: + * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright + * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. + * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright + * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in + * the documentation and/or other materials provided with the + * distribution. + * + * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR(S) ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS + * OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED + * WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE + * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR(S) BE LIABLE FOR ANY + * DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL + * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE + * GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS + * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER + * IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR + * OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN + * IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. + */ + +#ifndef lint +static const char rcsid[] = + "$Id$"; +#endif /* not lint */ + +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include + +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include + +#define MAXU16 0xffff /* maximum unsigned 16-bit quantity */ +#define BPN 4 /* bits per nibble */ +#define NPB 2 /* nibbles per byte */ + +#define DOSMAGIC 0xaa55 /* DOS magic number */ +#define MINBPS 128 /* minimum bytes per sector */ +#define MAXSPC 128 /* maximum sectors per cluster */ +#define MAXNFT 16 /* maximum number of FATs */ +#define DEFBLK 4096 /* default block size */ +#define DEFBLK16 2048 /* default block size FAT16 */ +#define DEFRDE 512 /* default root directory entries */ +#define RESFTE 2 /* reserved FAT entries */ +#define MINCLS12 1 /* minimum FAT12 clusters */ +#define MINCLS16 0x1000 /* minimum FAT16 clusters */ +#define MINCLS32 2 /* minimum FAT32 clusters */ +#define MAXCLS12 0xfed /* maximum FAT12 clusters */ +#define MAXCLS16 0xfff5 /* maximum FAT16 clusters */ +#define MAXCLS32 0xffffff5 /* maximum FAT32 clusters */ + +#define mincls(fat) ((fat) == 12 ? MINCLS12 : \ + (fat) == 16 ? MINCLS16 : \ + MINCLS32) + +#define maxcls(fat) ((fat) == 12 ? MAXCLS12 : \ + (fat) == 16 ? MAXCLS16 : \ + MAXCLS32) + +#define mk1(p, x) \ + (p) = (u_int8_t)(x) + +#define mk2(p, x) \ + (p)[0] = (u_int8_t)(x), \ + (p)[1] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 010) + +#define mk4(p, x) \ + (p)[0] = (u_int8_t)(x), \ + (p)[1] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 010), \ + (p)[2] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 020), \ + (p)[3] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 030) + +#define argto1(arg, lo, msg) argtou(arg, lo, 0xff, msg) +#define argto2(arg, lo, msg) argtou(arg, lo, 0xffff, msg) +#define argto4(arg, lo, msg) argtou(arg, lo, 0xffffffff, msg) +#define argtox(arg, lo, msg) argtou(arg, lo, UINT_MAX, msg) + +struct bs { + u_int8_t jmp[3]; /* bootstrap entry point */ + u_int8_t oem[8]; /* OEM name and version */ +}; + +struct bsbpb { + u_int8_t bps[2]; /* bytes per sector */ + u_int8_t spc; /* sectors per cluster */ + u_int8_t res[2]; /* reserved sectors */ + u_int8_t nft; /* number of FATs */ + u_int8_t rde[2]; /* root directory entries */ + u_int8_t sec[2]; /* total sectors */ + u_int8_t mid; /* media descriptor */ + u_int8_t spf[2]; /* sectors per FAT */ + u_int8_t spt[2]; /* sectors per track */ + u_int8_t hds[2]; /* drive heads */ + u_int8_t hid[4]; /* hidden sectors */ + u_int8_t bsec[4]; /* big total sectors */ +}; + +struct bsxbpb { + u_int8_t bspf[4]; /* big sectors per FAT */ + u_int8_t xflg[2]; /* FAT control flags */ + u_int8_t vers[2]; /* file system version */ + u_int8_t rdcl[4]; /* root directory start cluster */ + u_int8_t infs[2]; /* file system info sector */ + u_int8_t bkbs[2]; /* backup boot sector */ + u_int8_t rsvd[12]; /* reserved */ +}; + +struct bsx { + u_int8_t drv; /* drive number */ + u_int8_t rsvd; /* reserved */ + u_int8_t sig; /* extended boot signature */ + u_int8_t volid[4]; /* volume ID number */ + u_int8_t label[11]; /* volume label */ + u_int8_t type[8]; /* file system type */ +}; + +struct de { + u_int8_t namext[11]; /* name and extension */ + u_int8_t attr; /* attributes */ + u_int8_t rsvd[10]; /* reserved */ + u_int8_t time[2]; /* creation time */ + u_int8_t date[2]; /* creation date */ + u_int8_t clus[2]; /* starting cluster */ + u_int8_t size[4]; /* size */ +}; + +struct bpb { + u_int bps; /* bytes per sector */ + u_int spc; /* sectors per cluster */ + u_int res; /* reserved sectors */ + u_int nft; /* number of FATs */ + u_int rde; /* root directory entries */ + u_int sec; /* total sectors */ + u_int mid; /* media descriptor */ + u_int spf; /* sectors per FAT */ + u_int spt; /* sectors per track */ + u_int hds; /* drive heads */ + u_int hid; /* hidden sectors */ + u_int bsec; /* big total sectors */ + u_int bspf; /* big sectors per FAT */ + u_int rdcl; /* root directory start cluster */ + u_int infs; /* file system info sector */ + u_int bkbs; /* backup boot sector */ +}; + +static struct { + const char *name; + struct bpb bpb; +} stdfmt[] = { + {"160", {512, 1, 1, 2, 64, 320, 0xfe, 1, 8, 1}}, + {"180", {512, 1, 1, 2, 64, 360, 0xfc, 2, 9, 1}}, + {"320", {512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 640, 0xff, 1, 8, 2}}, + {"360", {512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 720, 0xfd, 2, 9, 2}}, + {"720", {512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 1440, 0xf9, 3, 9, 2}}, + {"1200", {512, 1, 1, 2, 224, 2400, 0xf9, 7, 15, 2}}, + {"1440", {512, 1, 1, 2, 224, 2880, 0xf0, 9, 18, 2}}, + {"2880", {512, 2, 1, 2, 240, 5760, 0xf0, 9, 36, 2}} +}; + +static u_int8_t bootcode[] = { + 0xfa, /* cli */ + 0x31, 0xc0, /* xor ax,ax */ + 0x8e, 0xd0, /* mov ss,ax */ + 0xbc, 0x00, 0x7c, /* mov sp,7c00h */ + 0xfb, /* sti */ + 0x8e, 0xd8, /* mov ds,ax */ + 0xe8, 0x00, 0x00, /* call $ + 3 */ + 0x5e, /* pop si */ + 0x83, 0xc6, 0x19, /* add si,+19h */ + 0xbb, 0x07, 0x00, /* mov bx,0007h */ + 0xfc, /* cld */ + 0xac, /* lodsb */ + 0x84, 0xc0, /* test al,al */ + 0x74, 0x06, /* jz $ + 8 */ + 0xb4, 0x0e, /* mov ah,0eh */ + 0xcd, 0x10, /* int 10h */ + 0xeb, 0xf5, /* jmp $ - 9 */ + 0x30, 0xe4, /* xor ah,ah */ + 0xcd, 0x16, /* int 16h */ + 0xcd, 0x19, /* int 19h */ + 0x0d, 0x0a, + 'N', 'o', 'n', '-', 's', 'y', 's', 't', + 'e', 'm', ' ', 'd', 'i', 's', 'k', + 0x0d, 0x0a, + 'P', 'r', 'e', 's', 's', ' ', 'a', 'n', + 'y', ' ', 'k', 'e', 'y', ' ', 't', 'o', + ' ', 'r', 'e', 'b', 'o', 'o', 't', + 0x0d, 0x0a, + 0 +}; + +static void check_mounted(const char *, mode_t); +static void getstdfmt(const char *, struct bpb *); +static void getdiskinfo(int, const char *, const char *, int, + struct bpb *); +static void print_bpb(struct bpb *); +static u_int ckgeom(const char *, u_int, const char *); +static u_int argtou(const char *, u_int, u_int, const char *); +static int oklabel(const char *); +static void mklabel(u_int8_t *, const char *); +static void setstr(u_int8_t *, const char *, size_t); +static void usage(void); + +/* + * Construct a FAT12, FAT16, or FAT32 file system. + */ +int +main(int argc, char *argv[]) +{ + static char opts[] = "NB:F:I:L:O:S:a:b:c:e:f:h:i:k:m:n:o:r:s:u:"; + static const char *opt_B, *opt_L, *opt_O, *opt_f; + static u_int opt_F, opt_I, opt_S, opt_a, opt_b, opt_c, opt_e; + static u_int opt_h, opt_i, opt_k, opt_m, opt_n, opt_o, opt_r; + static u_int opt_s, opt_u; + static int opt_N; + static int Iflag, mflag, oflag; + char buf[MAXPATHLEN]; + struct stat sb; + struct timeval tv; + struct bpb bpb; + struct tm *tm; + struct bs *bs; + struct bsbpb *bsbpb; + struct bsxbpb *bsxbpb; + struct bsx *bsx; + struct de *de; + u_int8_t *img; + const char *fname, *dtype, *bname; + ssize_t n; + u_int fat, bss, rds, cls, dir, lsn, x, x1, x2; + int ch, fd, fd1; + + while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, opts)) != -1) + switch (ch) { + case 'N': + opt_N = 1; + break; + case 'B': + opt_B = optarg; + break; + case 'F': + if (strcmp(optarg, "12") && + strcmp(optarg, "16") && + strcmp(optarg, "32")) + errx(1, "%s: bad FAT type", optarg); + opt_F = atoi(optarg); + break; + case 'I': + opt_I = argto4(optarg, 0, "volume ID"); + Iflag = 1; + break; + case 'L': + if (!oklabel(optarg)) + errx(1, "%s: bad volume label", optarg); + opt_L = optarg; + break; + case 'O': + if (strlen(optarg) > 8) + errx(1, "%s: bad OEM string", optarg); + opt_O = optarg; + break; + case 'S': + opt_S = argto2(optarg, 1, "bytes/sector"); + break; + case 'a': + opt_a = argto4(optarg, 1, "sectors/FAT"); + break; + case 'b': + opt_b = argtox(optarg, 1, "block size"); + opt_c = 0; + break; + case 'c': + opt_c = argto1(optarg, 1, "sectors/cluster"); + opt_b = 0; + break; + case 'e': + opt_e = argto2(optarg, 1, "directory entries"); + break; + case 'f': + opt_f = optarg; + break; + case 'h': + opt_h = argto2(optarg, 1, "drive heads"); + break; + case 'i': + opt_i = argto2(optarg, 1, "info sector"); + break; + case 'k': + opt_k = argto2(optarg, 1, "backup sector"); + break; + case 'm': + opt_m = argto1(optarg, 0, "media descriptor"); + mflag = 1; + break; + case 'n': + opt_n = argto1(optarg, 1, "number of FATs"); + break; + case 'o': + opt_o = argto4(optarg, 0, "hidden sectors"); + oflag = 1; + break; + case 'r': + opt_r = argto2(optarg, 1, "reserved sectors"); + break; + case 's': + opt_s = argto4(optarg, 1, "file system size"); + break; + case 'u': + opt_u = argto2(optarg, 1, "sectors/track"); + break; + default: + usage(); + } + argc -= optind; + argv += optind; + if (argc < 1 || argc > 2) + usage(); + fname = *argv++; + if (!strchr(fname, '/')) { + snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%sr%s", _PATH_DEV, fname); + if (stat(buf, &sb)) + snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, fname); + if (!(fname = strdup(buf))) + err(1, NULL); + } + dtype = *argv; + if ((fd = open(fname, opt_N ? O_RDONLY : O_RDWR)) == -1 || + fstat(fd, &sb)) + err(1, "%s", fname); + if (!opt_N) + check_mounted(fname, sb.st_mode); + if (!S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode)) + warnx("warning: %s is not a character device", fname); + memset(&bpb, 0, sizeof(bpb)); + if (opt_f) { + getstdfmt(opt_f, &bpb); + bpb.bsec = bpb.sec; + bpb.sec = 0; + bpb.bspf = bpb.spf; + bpb.spf = 0; + } + if (opt_h) + bpb.hds = opt_h; + if (opt_u) + bpb.spt = opt_u; + if (opt_S) + bpb.bps = opt_S; + if (opt_s) + bpb.bsec = opt_s; + if (oflag) + bpb.hid = opt_o; + if (!(opt_f || (opt_h && opt_u && opt_S && opt_s && oflag))) + getdiskinfo(fd, fname, dtype, oflag, &bpb); + if (!powerof2(bpb.bps)) + errx(1, "bytes/sector (%u) is not a power of 2", bpb.bps); + if (bpb.bps < MINBPS) + errx(1, "bytes/sector (%u) is too small; minimum is %u", + bpb.bps, MINBPS); + if (!(fat = opt_F)) + if (opt_f) + fat = 12; + else if (!opt_e && (opt_i || opt_k)) + fat = 32; + if ((fat == 32 && opt_e) || (fat != 32 && (opt_i || opt_k))) + errx(1, "-%c is not a legal FAT%s option", + fat == 32 ? 'e' : opt_i ? 'i' : 'k', + fat == 32 ? "32" : "12/16"); + if (opt_f && fat == 32) + bpb.rde = 0; + if (opt_b) { + if (!powerof2(opt_b)) + errx(1, "block size (%u) is not a power of 2", opt_b); + if (opt_b < bpb.bps) + errx(1, "block size (%u) is too small; minimum is %u", + opt_b, bpb.bps); + if (opt_b > bpb.bps * MAXSPC) + errx(1, "block size (%u) is too large; maximum is %u", + opt_b, bpb.bps * MAXSPC); + bpb.spc = opt_b / bpb.bps; + } + if (opt_c) { + if (!powerof2(opt_c)) + errx(1, "sectors/cluster (%u) is not a power of 2", opt_c); + bpb.spc = opt_c; + } + if (opt_r) + bpb.res = opt_r; + if (opt_n) { + if (opt_n > MAXNFT) + errx(1, "number of FATs (%u) is too large; maximum is %u", + opt_n, MAXNFT); + bpb.nft = opt_n; + } + if (opt_e) + bpb.rde = opt_e; + if (mflag) { + if (opt_m < 0xf0) + errx(1, "illegal media descriptor (0x%x)", opt_m); + bpb.mid = opt_m; + } + if (opt_a) + bpb.bspf = opt_a; + if (opt_i) + bpb.infs = opt_i; + if (opt_k) + bpb.bkbs = opt_k; + bss = 1; + bname = NULL; + fd1 = -1; + if (opt_B) { + bname = opt_B; + if (!strchr(bname, '/')) { + snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/usr/mdec/%s", bname); + if (!(bname = strdup(buf))) + err(1, NULL); + } + if ((fd1 = open(bname, O_RDONLY)) == -1 || fstat(fd1, &sb)) + err(1, "%s", bname); + if (!S_ISREG(sb.st_mode) || sb.st_size % bpb.bps || + sb.st_size < bpb.bps || sb.st_size > bpb.bps * MAXU16) + errx(1, "%s: inappropriate file type or format", bname); + bss = sb.st_size / bpb.bps; + } + if (!bpb.nft) + bpb.nft = 2; + if (!fat) + if (bpb.bsec < (bpb.res ? bpb.res : bss) + + howmany((RESFTE + (bpb.spc ? MINCLS16 : MAXCLS12 + 1)) * + ((bpb.spc ? 16 : 12) / BPN), bpb.bps * NPB) * + bpb.nft + + howmany(bpb.rde ? bpb.rde : DEFRDE, + bpb.bps / sizeof(struct de)) + + (bpb.spc ? MINCLS16 : MAXCLS12 + 1) * + (bpb.spc ? bpb.spc : howmany(DEFBLK, bpb.bps))) + fat = 12; + else if (bpb.rde || bpb.bsec < + (bpb.res ? bpb.res : bss) + + howmany((RESFTE + MAXCLS16) * 2, bpb.bps) * bpb.nft + + howmany(DEFRDE, bpb.bps / sizeof(struct de)) + + (MAXCLS16 + 1) * + (bpb.spc ? bpb.spc : howmany(8192, bpb.bps))) + fat = 16; + else + fat = 32; + x = bss; + if (fat == 32) { + if (!bpb.infs) { + if (x == MAXU16 || x == bpb.bkbs) + errx(1, "no room for info sector"); + bpb.infs = x; + } + if (bpb.infs != MAXU16 && x <= bpb.infs) + x = bpb.infs + 1; + if (!bpb.bkbs) { + if (x == MAXU16) + errx(1, "no room for backup sector"); + bpb.bkbs = x; + } else if (bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && bpb.bkbs == bpb.infs) + errx(1, "backup sector would overwrite info sector"); + if (bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && x <= bpb.bkbs) + x = bpb.bkbs + 1; + } + if (!bpb.res) + bpb.res = fat == 32 ? MAX(x, MAX(16384 / bpb.bps, 4)) : x; + else if (bpb.res < x) + errx(1, "too few reserved sectors"); + if (fat != 32 && !bpb.rde) + bpb.rde = DEFRDE; + rds = howmany(bpb.rde, bpb.bps / sizeof(struct de)); + if (!bpb.spc) + for (bpb.spc = howmany(fat == 16 ? DEFBLK16 : DEFBLK, bpb.bps); + bpb.spc < MAXSPC && + bpb.res + + howmany((RESFTE + maxcls(fat)) * (fat / BPN), + bpb.bps * NPB) * bpb.nft + + rds + + (u_int64_t)(maxcls(fat) + 1) * bpb.spc <= bpb.bsec; + bpb.spc <<= 1); + if (fat != 32 && bpb.bspf > MAXU16) + errx(1, "too many sectors/FAT for FAT12/16"); + x1 = bpb.res + rds; + x = bpb.bspf ? bpb.bspf : 1; + if (x1 + (u_int64_t)x * bpb.nft > bpb.bsec) + errx(1, "meta data exceeds file system size"); + x1 += x * bpb.nft; + x = (u_int64_t)(bpb.bsec - x1) * bpb.bps * NPB / + (bpb.spc * bpb.bps * NPB + fat / BPN * bpb.nft); + x2 = howmany((RESFTE + MIN(x, maxcls(fat))) * (fat / BPN), + bpb.bps * NPB); + if (!bpb.bspf) { + bpb.bspf = x2; + x1 += (bpb.bspf - 1) * bpb.nft; + } + cls = (bpb.bsec - x1) / bpb.spc; + x = (u_int64_t)bpb.bspf * bpb.bps * NPB / (fat / BPN) - RESFTE; + if (cls > x) + cls = x; + if (bpb.bspf < x2) + warnx("warning: sectors/FAT limits file system to %u clusters", + cls); + if (cls < mincls(fat)) + errx(1, "too few clusters for FAT%u", fat); + if (cls > maxcls(fat)) { + cls = maxcls(fat); + bpb.bsec = x1 + (cls + 1) * bpb.spc - 1; + warnx("warning: FAT type limits file system to %u sectors", + bpb.bsec); + } + printf("%s: %u sector%s in %u FAT%u cluster%s " + "(%u bytes/cluster)\n", fname, cls * bpb.spc, + cls * bpb.spc == 1 ? "" : "s", cls, fat, + cls == 1 ? "" : "s", bpb.bps * bpb.spc); + if (!bpb.mid) + bpb.mid = !bpb.hid ? 0xf0 : 0xf8; + if (fat == 32) + bpb.rdcl = RESFTE; + if (bpb.bsec <= MAXU16 && bpb.hid <= MAXU16 && + bpb.hid + bpb.bsec <= MAXU16) { + bpb.sec = bpb.bsec; + bpb.bsec = 0; + } + if (fat != 32) { + bpb.spf = bpb.bspf; + bpb.bspf = 0; + } + print_bpb(&bpb); + if (!opt_N) { + gettimeofday(&tv, NULL); + tm = localtime(&tv.tv_sec); + if (!(img = malloc(bpb.bps))) + err(1, NULL); + dir = bpb.res + (bpb.spf ? bpb.spf : bpb.bspf) * bpb.nft; + for (lsn = 0; lsn < dir + (fat == 32 ? bpb.spc : rds); lsn++) { + x = lsn; + if (opt_B && + fat == 32 && bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && + bss <= bpb.bkbs && x >= bpb.bkbs) { + x -= bpb.bkbs; + if (!x && lseek(fd1, 0, SEEK_SET)) + err(1, "%s", bname); + } + if (opt_B && x < bss) { + if ((n = read(fd1, img, bpb.bps)) == -1) + err(1, "%s", bname); + if (n != bpb.bps) + errx(1, "%s: can't read sector %u", bname, x); + } else + memset(img, 0, bpb.bps); + if (!lsn || + (fat == 32 && bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && lsn == bpb.bkbs)) { + x1 = sizeof(struct bs); + bsbpb = (struct bsbpb *)(img + x1); + mk2(bsbpb->bps, bpb.bps); + mk1(bsbpb->spc, bpb.spc); + mk2(bsbpb->res, bpb.res); + mk1(bsbpb->nft, bpb.nft); + mk2(bsbpb->rde, bpb.rde); + mk2(bsbpb->sec, bpb.sec); + mk1(bsbpb->mid, bpb.mid); + mk2(bsbpb->spf, bpb.spf); + mk2(bsbpb->spt, bpb.spt); + mk2(bsbpb->hds, bpb.hds); + mk4(bsbpb->hid, bpb.hid); + mk4(bsbpb->bsec, bpb.bsec); + x1 += sizeof(struct bsbpb); + if (fat == 32) { + bsxbpb = (struct bsxbpb *)(img + x1); + mk4(bsxbpb->bspf, bpb.bspf); + mk2(bsxbpb->xflg, 0); + mk2(bsxbpb->vers, 0); + mk4(bsxbpb->rdcl, bpb.rdcl); + mk2(bsxbpb->infs, bpb.infs); + mk2(bsxbpb->bkbs, bpb.bkbs); + x1 += sizeof(struct bsxbpb); + } + bsx = (struct bsx *)(img + x1); + mk1(bsx->sig, 0x29); + if (Iflag) + x = opt_I; + else + x = (((u_int)(1 + tm->tm_mon) << 8 | + (u_int)tm->tm_mday) + + ((u_int)tm->tm_sec << 8 | + (u_int)(tv.tv_usec / 10))) << 16 | + ((u_int)(1900 + tm->tm_year) + + ((u_int)tm->tm_hour << 8 | + (u_int)tm->tm_min)); + mk4(bsx->volid, x); + mklabel(bsx->label, opt_L ? opt_L : "NO NAME"); + sprintf(buf, "FAT%u", fat); + setstr(bsx->type, buf, sizeof(bsx->type)); + if (!opt_B) { + x1 += sizeof(struct bsx); + bs = (struct bs *)img; + mk1(bs->jmp[0], 0xeb); + mk1(bs->jmp[1], x1 - 2); + mk1(bs->jmp[2], 0x90); + setstr(bs->oem, opt_O ? opt_O : "BSD 4.4", + sizeof(bs->oem)); + memcpy(img + x1, bootcode, sizeof(bootcode)); + mk2(img + bpb.bps - 2, DOSMAGIC); + } + } else if (fat == 32 && bpb.infs != MAXU16 && + (lsn == bpb.infs || + (bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && + lsn == bpb.bkbs + bpb.infs))) { + mk4(img, 0x41615252); + mk4(img + bpb.bps - 28, 0x61417272); + mk4(img + bpb.bps - 24, 0xffffffff); + mk4(img + bpb.bps - 20, 2); + mk2(img + bpb.bps - 2, DOSMAGIC); + } else if (lsn >= bpb.res && lsn < dir && + !((lsn - bpb.res) % + (bpb.spf ? bpb.spf : bpb.bspf))) { + mk1(img[0], bpb.mid); + for (x = 1; x < fat * (fat == 32 ? 3 : 2) / 8; x++) + mk1(img[x], fat == 32 && x % 4 == 3 ? 0x0f : 0xff); + } else if (lsn == dir && opt_L) { + de = (struct de *) img; + mklabel(de->namext, opt_L); + mk1(de->attr, 050); + x = (u_int)tm->tm_hour << 11 | + (u_int)tm->tm_min << 5 | + (u_int)tm->tm_sec >> 1; + mk2(de->time, x); + x = (u_int)(tm->tm_year - 80) << 9 | + (u_int)(tm->tm_mon + 1) << 5 | + (u_int)tm->tm_mday; + mk2(de->date, x); + } + if ((n = write(fd, img, bpb.bps)) == -1) + err(1, "%s", fname); + if (n != bpb.bps) + errx(1, "%s: can't write sector %u", fname, lsn); + } + } + return 0; +} + +/* + * Exit with error if file system is mounted. + */ +static void +check_mounted(const char *fname, mode_t mode) +{ + struct statfs *mp; + const char *s1, *s2; + size_t len; + int n, r; + + if (!(n = getmntinfo(&mp, MNT_NOWAIT))) + err(1, "getmntinfo"); + len = strlen(_PATH_DEV); + s1 = fname; + if (!strncmp(s1, _PATH_DEV, len)) + s1 += len; + r = S_ISCHR(mode) && s1 != fname && *s1 == 'r'; + for (; n--; mp++) { + s2 = mp->f_mntfromname; + if (!strncmp(s2, _PATH_DEV, len)) + s2 += len; + if ((r && s2 != mp->f_mntfromname && !strcmp(s1 + 1, s2)) || + !strcmp(s1, s2)) + errx(1, "%s is mounted on %s", fname, mp->f_mntonname); + } +} + +/* + * Get a standard format. + */ +static void +getstdfmt(const char *fmt, struct bpb *bpb) +{ + u_int x, i; + + x = sizeof(stdfmt) / sizeof(stdfmt[0]); + for (i = 0; i < x && strcmp(fmt, stdfmt[i].name); i++); + if (i == x) + errx(1, "%s: unknown standard format", fmt); + *bpb = stdfmt[i].bpb; +} + +/* + * Get disk slice, partition, and geometry information. + */ +static void +getdiskinfo(int fd, const char *fname, const char *dtype, int oflag, + struct bpb *bpb) +{ + struct diskslices ds; + struct disklabel dl, *lp; + const char *s1, *s2; + char *s; + int slice, part, fd1, i, e; + + slice = part = -1; + s1 = fname; + if ((s2 = strrchr(s1, '/'))) + s1 = s2 + 1; + for (s2 = s1; *s2 && !isdigit(*s2); s2++); + if (!*s2 || s2 == s1) + s2 = NULL; + else + while (isdigit(*++s2)); + s1 = s2; + if (s2 && *s2 == 's') { + slice = (int)strtol(s2 + 1, &s, 10); + if (slice < 1 || slice > MAX_SLICES - BASE_SLICE) + s2 = NULL; + else { + slice = BASE_SLICE + slice - 1; + s2 = s; + } + } + if (s2 && *s2 >= 'a' && *s2 <= 'a' + MAXPARTITIONS - 1) { + if (slice == -1) + slice = COMPATIBILITY_SLICE; + part = *s2++ - 'a'; + } + if (!s2 || (*s2 && *s2 != '.')) + errx(1, "%s: can't figure out partition info", fname); + if (slice != -1 && (!oflag || (!bpb->bsec && part == -1))) { + if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGSLICEINFO, &ds) == -1) { + warn("ioctl (GSLICEINFO)"); + errx(1, "%s: can't get slice info", fname); + } + if (slice >= ds.dss_nslices || !ds.dss_slices[slice].ds_size) + errx(1, "%s: slice is unavailable", fname); + if (!oflag) + bpb->hid = (u_int32_t)ds.dss_slices[slice].ds_offset; + if (!bpb->bsec && part == -1) + bpb->bsec = (u_int32_t)ds.dss_slices[slice].ds_size; + } + if (((slice == -1 || part != -1) && + ((!oflag && part != -1) || !bpb->bsec)) || + !bpb->bps || !bpb->spt || !bpb->hds) { + lp = &dl; + i = ioctl(fd, DIOCGDINFO, lp); + if (i == -1 && slice != -1 && part == -1) { + e = errno; + if (!(s = strdup(fname))) + err(1, NULL); + s[s1 - fname] = 0; + if ((fd1 = open(s, O_RDONLY)) != -1) { + i = ioctl(fd1, DIOCGDINFO, lp); + close(fd1); + } + free(s); + errno = e; + } + if (i == -1) + if (!dtype) { + warn("ioctl (GDINFO)"); + errx(1, "%s: can't read disk label; " + "disk type must be specified", fname); + } else if (!(lp = getdiskbyname(dtype))) + errx(1, "%s: unknown disk type", dtype); + if (slice == -1 || part != -1) { + if (part == -1) + part = RAW_PART; + if (part >= lp->d_npartitions || + !lp->d_partitions[part].p_size) + errx(1, "%s: partition is unavailable", fname); + if (!oflag && part != -1) + bpb->hid += lp->d_partitions[part].p_offset; + if (!bpb->bsec) + bpb->bsec = lp->d_partitions[part].p_size; + } + if (!bpb->bps) + bpb->bps = ckgeom(fname, lp->d_secsize, "bytes/sector"); + if (!bpb->spt) + bpb->spt = ckgeom(fname, lp->d_nsectors, "sectors/track"); + if (!bpb->hds) + bpb->hds = ckgeom(fname, lp->d_ntracks, "drive heads"); + } +} + +/* + * Print out BPB values. + */ +static void +print_bpb(struct bpb *bpb) +{ + printf("bps=%u spc=%u res=%u nft=%u", bpb->bps, bpb->spc, bpb->res, + bpb->nft); + if (bpb->rde) + printf(" rde=%u", bpb->rde); + if (bpb->sec) + printf(" sec=%u", bpb->sec); + printf(" mid=0x%x", bpb->mid); + if (bpb->spf) + printf(" spf=%u", bpb->spf); + printf(" spt=%u hds=%u hid=%u", bpb->spt, bpb->hds, bpb->hid); + if (bpb->bsec) + printf(" bsec=%u", bpb->bsec); + if (!bpb->spf) { + printf(" bspf=%u rdcl=%u", bpb->bspf, bpb->rdcl); + printf(" infs="); + printf(bpb->infs == MAXU16 ? "0x%x" : "%u", bpb->infs); + printf(" bkbs="); + printf(bpb->bkbs == MAXU16 ? "0x%x" : "%u", bpb->bkbs); + } + printf("\n"); +} + +/* + * Check a disk geometry value. + */ +static u_int +ckgeom(const char *fname, u_int val, const char *msg) +{ + if (!val) + errx(1, "%s: no default %s", fname, msg); + if (val > MAXU16) + errx(1, "%s: illegal %s", fname, msg); + return val; +} + +/* + * Convert and check a numeric option argument. + */ +static u_int +argtou(const char *arg, u_int lo, u_int hi, const char *msg) +{ + char *s; + u_long x; + + errno = 0; + x = strtoul(arg, &s, 0); + if (errno || !*arg || *s || x < lo || x > hi) + errx(1, "%s: bad %s", arg, msg); + return x; +} + +/* + * Check a volume label. + */ +static int +oklabel(const char *src) +{ + int c, i; + + for (i = 0; i <= 11; i++) { + c = (u_char)*src++; + if (c < ' ' + !i || strchr("\"*+,./:;<=>?[\\]|", c)) + break; + } + return i && !c; +} + +/* + * Make a volume label. + */ +static void +mklabel(u_int8_t *dest, const char *src) +{ + int c, i; + + for (i = 0; i < 11; i++) { + c = *src ? toupper(*src++) : ' '; + *dest++ = !i && c == '\xe5' ? 5 : c; + } +} + +/* + * Copy string, padding with spaces. + */ +static void +setstr(u_int8_t *dest, const char *src, size_t len) +{ + while (len--) + *dest++ = *src ? *src++ : ' '; +} + +/* + * Print usage message. + */ +static void +usage(void) +{ + fprintf(stderr, + "usage: newfs_msdos [ -options ] special [disktype]\n"); + fprintf(stderr, "where the options are:\n"); + fprintf(stderr, "\t-N don't create file system: " + "just print out parameters\n"); + fprintf(stderr, "\t-B get bootstrap from file\n"); + fprintf(stderr, "\t-F FAT type (12, 16, or 32)\n"); + fprintf(stderr, "\t-I volume ID\n"); + fprintf(stderr, "\t-L volume label\n"); + fprintf(stderr, "\t-O OEM string\n"); + fprintf(stderr, "\t-S bytes/sector\n"); + fprintf(stderr, "\t-a sectors/FAT\n"); + fprintf(stderr, "\t-b block size\n"); + fprintf(stderr, "\t-c sectors/cluster\n"); + fprintf(stderr, "\t-e root directory entries\n"); + fprintf(stderr, "\t-f standard format\n"); + fprintf(stderr, "\t-h drive heads\n"); + fprintf(stderr, "\t-i file system info sector\n"); + fprintf(stderr, "\t-k backup boot sector\n"); + fprintf(stderr, "\t-m media descriptor\n"); + fprintf(stderr, "\t-n number of FATs\n"); + fprintf(stderr, "\t-o hidden sectors\n"); + fprintf(stderr, "\t-r reserved sectors\n"); + fprintf(stderr, "\t-s file system size (sectors)\n"); + fprintf(stderr, "\t-u sectors/track\n"); + exit(1); +} -- cgit v1.1