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Diffstat (limited to 'usr.sbin/sendmail/doc/op/op.ps')
| -rw-r--r-- | usr.sbin/sendmail/doc/op/op.ps | 5944 |
1 files changed, 0 insertions, 5944 deletions
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setlinewidth -0 setlinejoin -10 setmiterlimit -[]0 setdash -/setstrokeadjust where{ -pop -false setstrokeadjust -}if -/setoverprint where{ -pop -false setoverprint -}if -newpath -/CNT countdictstack def -userdict begin -/showpage{}def -}bind def -/PEND{ -clear -countdictstack CNT sub{end}repeat -level1 restore -}bind def -end def -/setpacking where{ -pop -setpacking -}if -%%EndResource -%%IncludeResource: font Times-Bold -%%IncludeResource: font Times-Roman -%%IncludeResource: font Times-Italic -%%IncludeResource: font Symbol -grops begin/DEFS 1 dict def DEFS begin/u{.001 mul}bind def end/RES 72 def/PL -792 def/LS false def/ENC0[/asciicircum/asciitilde/Scaron/Zcaron/scaron/zcaron -/Ydieresis/trademark/quotesingle/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef -/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef -/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/space -/exclam/quotedbl/numbersign/dollar/percent/ampersand/quoteright/parenleft 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S(rsion 8.70)1.11 E -.15(Fo)236.965 268.2 S 2.5(rS).15 G -(endmail V)258.765 268.2 Q(ersion 8.7)-1.11 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Sendmail) -97 312.6 Q F2 .482(implements a general purpose internetw)2.982 F .482 -(ork mail routing f)-.1 F .481(acility under the UNIX\256 operat-)-.1 F .378 -(ing system.)72 324.6 R .378(It is not tied to an)5.378 F 2.878(yo)-.15 G .378 -(ne transport protocol \212 its function may be lik)208.214 324.6 R .378 -(ened to a crossbar switch,)-.1 F 1.036 -(relaying messages from one domain into another)72 336.6 R 6.036(.I)-.55 G -3.536(nt)284.502 336.6 S 1.036 -(he process, it can do a limited amount of message)295.818 336.6 R .604(header\ - editing to put the message into a format that is appropriate for the recei)72 -348.6 R .604(ving domain.)-.25 F .604(All of this is)5.604 F -(done under the control of a con\214guration \214le.)72 360.6 Q .711 -(Due to the requirements of \215e)97 376.8 R .711(xibility for)-.15 F F3 -(sendmail)3.211 E F2 3.211(,t)C .71(he con\214guration \214le can seem some) -311.688 376.8 R .71(what unap-)-.25 F 2.893(proachable. Ho)72 388.8 R(we)-.25 E --.15(ve)-.25 G 1.193 -.4(r, t).15 H .393(here are only a fe).4 F 2.893(wb)-.25 -G .394(asic con\214gurations for most sites, for which standard con\214gu-) -253.381 388.8 R .646(ration \214les ha)72 400.8 R .946 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .646 -(een supplied.).15 F .645(Most other con\214gurations can be b)5.646 F .645 -(uilt by adjusting an e)-.2 F .645(xisting con\214gura-)-.15 F -(tion \214les incrementally)72 412.8 Q(.)-.65 E F3(Sendmail)97 429 Q F2 .15 -(is based on RFC821 \(Simple Mail T)2.65 F .15 -(ransport Protocol\), RFC822 \(Internet Mail F)-.35 F .15(ormat Pro-)-.15 F -.423(tocol\), RFC1123 \(Internet Host Requirements\), RFC1521 \(MIME\), RFC165\ -1 \(SMTP Service Extensions\),)72 441 R .994 -(and a series of as-yet-draft standards describing Deli)72 453 R -.15(ve)-.25 G -.995(ry Status Noti\214cations \(DSNs\), a).15 F -.25(va)-.2 G .995 -(ilable from the).25 F 1.529 -(internet drafts sites as draft-ietf-notary-mime-deli)72 465 R -.15(ve)-.25 G -(ry-).15 E F3(XX)A F2 1.528(.txt, draft-ietf-notary-mime-report-)B F3(XX)A F2 -1.528(.txt, draft-)B(ietf-notary-smtp-drpt-)72 477 Q F3(XX)A F2 1.93 -(.txt, and draft-ietf-notary-status-)B F3(XX)A F2 1.93(.txt \(replace)B F3(XX) -4.43 E F2 1.93(by the latest draft number\).)4.43 F(Ho)72 489 Q(we)-.25 E -.15 -(ve)-.25 G .831 -.4(r, s).15 H(ince).4 E F3(sendmail)2.531 E F2 .031 -(is designed to w)2.531 F .031(ork in a wider w)-.1 F .03(orld, in man)-.1 F -2.53(yc)-.15 G .03(ases it can be con\214gured to e)365.12 489 R(xceed)-.15 E -(these protocols.)72 501 Q(These cases are described herein.)5 E(Although)97 -517.2 Q F3(sendmail)3.547 E F2 1.048(is intended to run without the need for m\ -onitoring, it has a number of features)3.547 F 1.972(that may be used to monit\ -or or adjust the operation under unusual circumstances.)72 529.2 R 1.972 -(These features are)6.972 F(described.)72 541.2 Q .816 -(Section one describes ho)97 557.4 R 3.316(wt)-.25 G 3.316(od)211.664 557.4 S -3.316(oab)224.98 557.4 S(asic)246.052 557.4 Q F3(sendmail)3.316 E F2 3.317 -(installation. Section)3.317 F(tw)3.317 E 3.317(oe)-.1 G .817 -(xplains the day-to-day)412.936 557.4 R .283(information you should kno)72 -569.4 R 2.783(wt)-.25 G 2.783(om)196.772 569.4 S .282 -(aintain your mail system.)212.335 569.4 R .282(If you ha)5.282 F .582 -.15 -(ve a r)-.2 H(elati).15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .282(ly normal site, these tw).15 F(o) --.1 E .634(sections should contain suf)72 581.4 R .635 -(\214cient information for you to install)-.25 F F3(sendmail)3.135 E F2 .635 -(and k)3.135 F .635(eep it happ)-.1 F 4.435 -.65(y. S)-.1 H .635(ection three) -.65 F .925(describes some parameters that may be safely tweak)72 593.4 R 3.425 -(ed. Section)-.1 F .925(four has information re)3.425 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .925 -(rding the com-).05 F .885(mand line ar)72 605.4 R 3.385(guments. Section)-.18 -F<8c76>3.385 E 3.385(ec)-.15 G .886 -(ontains the nitty-gritty information about the con\214guration \214le.)221.915 -605.4 R(This)5.886 E .005 -(section is for masochists and people who must write their o)72 617.4 R .004 -(wn con\214guration \214le.)-.25 F .004(Section six describes con-)5.004 F .886 -(\214guration that can be done at compile time.)72 629.4 R .886(Section se) -5.886 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.386(ng).15 G -2.15 -.25(iv e)322.098 629.4 T 3.386 -(sab).25 G .886(rief description of dif)354.02 629.4 R .886(ferences in this) --.25 F -.15(ve)72 641.4 S 1.62(rsion of).15 F F3(sendmail)4.12 E F2 6.62(.T)C -1.62(he appendix)169.2 641.4 R 1.62(es gi)-.15 F 1.92 -.15(ve a b)-.25 H 1.619 -(rief b).15 F 1.619(ut detailed e)-.2 F 1.619 -(xplanation of a number of features not)-.15 F -(described in the rest of the paper)72 653.4 Q(.)-.55 E/F4 10/Times-Bold@0 SF --1.2(WA)97 669.6 S(RNING:)1.2 E F2(Se)3.267 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .767 -(ral major changes were introduced in v).15 F .767(ersion 8.7.)-.15 F -1.1(Yo) -5.767 G 3.267(us)1.1 G .767(hould not attempt to use)404.26 669.6 R -(this document for prior v)72 681.6 Q(ersions of)-.15 E F3(sendmail)2.5 E F2(.) -A F4(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 756 Q(SMM:08-1)457.9 756 Q EP -%%Page: 7 2 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-7)457.9 60 Q 2.5(1. B)72 96 R(ASIC INST)-.3 E(ALLA)-.9 E(TION)-.95 E/F1 -10/Times-Roman@0 SF .234(There are tw)112 112.2 R 2.733(ob)-.1 G .233 -(asic steps to installing)175.631 112.2 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail) -2.733 E F1 5.233(.T)C .233(he hard part is to b)317.076 112.2 R .233 -(uild the con\214guration table.)-.2 F 1.185(This is a \214le that)87 124.2 R -F2(sendmail)3.686 E F1 1.186 -(reads when it starts up that describes the mailers it kno)3.686 F 1.186 -(ws about, ho)-.25 F 3.686(wt)-.25 G(o)499 124.2 Q .715(parse addresses, ho)87 -136.2 R 3.215(wt)-.25 G 3.215(or)178.315 136.2 S -.25(ew)189.86 136.2 S .715 -(rite the message header).25 F 3.215(,a)-.4 G .715(nd the settings of v)306.75 -136.2 R .714(arious options.)-.25 F .714(Although the)5.714 F .852 -(con\214guration table is quite comple)87 148.2 R .852 -(x, a con\214guration can usually be b)-.15 F .852(uilt by adjusting an e)-.2 F -.852(xisting of)-.15 F(f-)-.25 E 1.078(the-shelf con\214guration.)87 160.2 R -1.078(The second part is actually doing the installation, i.e., creating the n\ -ecessary)6.078 F(\214les, etc.)87 172.2 Q .192 -(The remainder of this section will describe the installation of)112 188.4 R F2 -(sendmail)2.692 E F1 .192(assuming you can use one)2.692 F 1.432(of the e)87 -200.4 R 1.432(xisting con\214gurations and that the standard installation para\ -meters are acceptable.)-.15 F 1.431(All path-)6.431 F 8.62(names and e)87 212.4 -R 8.62(xamples are gi)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 11.12(nf).15 G 8.62 -(rom the root of the)257.57 212.4 R F2(sendmail)378.16 212.4 Q F1 8.62 -(subtree, normally)425.39 212.4 R F2(/usr/sr)87 224.4 Q(c/usr)-.37 E -(.sbin/sendmail)-1.11 E F1(on 4.4BSD.)2.5 E .543(If you are loading this of)112 -240.6 R 3.042(ft)-.25 G .542(he tape, continue with the ne)222.766 240.6 R .542 -(xt section.)-.15 F .542(If you ha)5.542 F .842 -.15(ve a r)-.2 H .542 -(unning binary).15 F -(already on your system, you should probably skip to section 1.2.)87 252.6 Q F0 -2.5(1.1. Compiling)87 276.6 R(Sendmail)2.5 E F1(All)127 292.8 Q F2(sendmail) -2.934 E F1 .434(source is in the)2.934 F F2(sr)2.934 E(c)-.37 E F1 -(subdirectory)2.934 E 5.434(.I)-.65 G 2.934(fy)321.652 292.8 S .435 -(ou are running on a 4.4BSD system, com-)332.916 292.8 R .179 -(pile by typing \231mak)102 304.8 R 2.679(e\232. On)-.1 F .179 -(other systems, you may ha)2.679 F .479 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.679(om).15 G(ak) -350.719 304.8 Q 2.679(es)-.1 G .178(ome other adjustments.)371.068 304.8 R .178 -(On most)5.178 F(systems, you can do the appropriate compilation by typing)102 -316.8 Q(sh mak)142 333 Q(esendmail)-.1 E .364(This will lea)102 349.2 R .664 --.15(ve t)-.2 H .364(he binary in an appropriately named subdirectory).15 F -5.364(.I)-.65 G 2.864(tw)377.37 349.2 S .364(orks for multiple object v)390.134 -349.2 R(er)-.15 E(-)-.2 E(sions compiled out of the same directory)102 361.2 Q -(.)-.65 E F0 2.5(1.1.1. T)102 385.2 R(weaking the Mak)-.74 E(e\214le)-.1 E F2 -(Sendmail)142 401.4 Q F1 2.181(supports tw)4.681 F 4.681(od)-.1 G(if)247.053 -401.4 Q 2.181(ferent formats for the local \(on disk\) v)-.25 F 2.18 -(ersion of databases,)-.15 F(notably the)117 413.4 Q F2(aliases)2.5 E F1 2.5 -(database. At)2.5 F(least one of these should be de\214ned if at all possible.) -2.5 E 39.5(NDBM The)117 429.6 R -.74(``)3.166 G(ne).74 E 3.166(wD)-.25 G(BM') -240.432 429.6 Q 3.166('f)-.74 G .666(ormat, a)268.408 429.6 R -.25(va)-.2 G -.666(ilable on nearly all systems around today).25 F 5.667(.T)-.65 G(his)492.33 -429.6 Q -.1(wa)189 441.6 S 3.541(st).1 G 1.041 -(he preferred format prior to 4.4BSD.)210.771 441.6 R 1.041(It allo)6.041 F -1.041(ws such comple)-.25 F 3.54(xt)-.15 G 1.04(hings as)470.46 441.6 R -(multiple databases and closing a currently open database.)189 453.6 Q 32.84 -(NEWDB The)117 469.8 R(ne)3.323 E 3.323(wd)-.25 G .824 -(atabase package from Berk)232.606 469.8 R(ele)-.1 E 4.624 -.65(y. I)-.15 H -3.324(fy).65 G .824(ou ha)382.716 469.8 R 1.124 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .824 -(his, use it.).15 F .824(It allo)5.824 F(ws)-.25 E .839 -(long records, multiple open databases, real in-memory caching, and so forth.) -189 481.8 R -1.1(Yo)189 493.8 S 3.581(uc)1.1 G 1.081 -(an de\214ne this in conjunction with one of the other tw)213.141 493.8 R 1.082 -(o; if you do, old)-.1 F .693(databases are read, b)189 505.8 R .693 -(ut when a ne)-.2 F 3.193(wd)-.25 G .693 -(atabase is created it will be in NEWDB)341.681 505.8 R 2.851(format. As)189 -517.8 R 2.851(an)2.851 G .351(asty hack, if you ha)249.763 517.8 R .652 -.15 -(ve N)-.2 H .352(EWDB, NDBM, and NIS de\214ned, and).15 F .952 -(if the alias \214le name includes the substring \231/yp/\232,)189 529.8 R F2 -(sendmail)3.451 E F1 .951(will create both)3.451 F(ne)189 541.8 Q 3.975(wa)-.25 -G 1.475(nd old v)213.825 541.8 R 1.475(ersions of the alias \214le during a) --.15 F F2(ne)3.976 E(walias)-.15 E F1 3.976(command. This)3.976 F(is)3.976 E -.711(required because the Sun NIS/YP system reads the DBM v)189 553.8 R .71 -(ersion of the alias)-.15 F 2.5(\214le. It')189 565.8 R 2.5(su)-.55 G -(gly as sin, b)229.56 565.8 Q(ut it w)-.2 E(orks.)-.1 E 1.112 -(If neither of these are de\214ned,)117 582 R F2(sendmail)3.612 E F1 1.112 -(reads the alias \214le into memory on e)3.612 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.112(ry in).15 -F -.2(vo)-.4 G(cation.).2 E 1.043(This can be slo)117 594 R 3.543(wa)-.25 G -1.043(nd should be a)195.352 594 R -.2(vo)-.2 G 3.543(ided. There).2 F 1.043 -(are also se)3.543 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.042(ral methods for remote database).15 F -(access:)117 606 Q 53.39(NIS Sun')117 622.2 R 2.5(sN)-.55 G(etw)220.95 622.2 Q -(ork Information Services \(formerly YP\).)-.1 E 28.94(NISPLUS Sun')117 638.4 R -2.5(sN)-.55 G(IS+ services.)220.95 638.4 Q 26.73(NETINFO NeXT')117 654.6 R 2.5 -(sN)-.55 G(etInfo service.)230.38 654.6 Q 32.84(HESIOD Hesiod)117 670.8 R -(service \(from Athena\).)2.5 E .042(Other compilation \215ags are set in conf\ -.h and should be prede\214ned for you unless you are porting)117 687 R(to a ne) -117 699 Q 2.5(we)-.25 G -.4(nv)157.57 699 S(ironment.).4 E EP -%%Page: 8 3 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 198.36(SMM:08-8 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(1.1.2. Compilation)102 96 R -(and installation)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .309 -(After making the local system con\214guration described abo)142 112.2 R -.15 -(ve)-.15 G 2.808(,Y).15 G .308(ou should be able to com-)398.86 112.2 R -(pile and install the system.)117 124.2 Q(The script \231mak)5 E -(esendmail\232 is the best approach on most systems:)-.1 E(sh mak)157 140.4 Q -(esendmail)-.1 E(This will use)117 156.6 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(uname)2.5 E -F1(\(1\) to select the correct Mak)A(e\214le for your en)-.1 E(vironment.)-.4 E --1.1(Yo)142 172.8 S 2.5(um)1.1 G(ay be able to install using)168.4 172.8 Q -(sh mak)157 189 Q(esendmail install)-.1 E 3.346 -(This should install the binary in /usr/sbin and create links from /usr/bin/ne) -117 205.2 R -.1(wa)-.25 G 3.346(liases and).1 F 1.577 -(/usr/bin/mailq to /usr/sbin/sendmail.)117 217.2 R 1.577 -(On 4.4BSD systems it will also format and install man)6.577 F(pages.)117 229.2 -Q F0 2.5(1.2. Con\214guration)87 253.2 R(Files)2.5 E F2(Sendmail)127 269.4 Q F1 -2.079(cannot operate without a con\214guration \214le.)4.579 F 2.079 -(The con\214guration de\214nes the mail)7.079 F(deli)102 281.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G -.889(ry mechanisms understood at this site, ho).15 F 3.389(wt)-.25 G 3.389(oa) -309.783 281.4 S .889(ccess them, ho)322.612 281.4 R 3.388(wt)-.25 G 3.388(of) -396.128 281.4 S(orw)407.846 281.4 Q .888(ard email to remote)-.1 F .088 -(mail systems, and a number of tuning parameters.)102 293.4 R .088 -(This con\214guration \214le is detailed in the later por)5.088 F(-)-.2 E -(tion of this document.)102 305.4 Q(The)127 321.6 Q F2(sendmail)2.764 E F1 .264 -(con\214guration can be daunting at \214rst.)2.764 F .264(The w)5.264 F .264 -(orld is comple)-.1 F .264(x, and the mail con-)-.15 F .108 -(\214guration re\215ects that.)102 333.6 R .108(The distrib)5.108 F .109 -(ution includes an m4-based con\214guration package that hides a lot)-.2 F -(of the comple)102 345.6 Q(xity)-.15 E(.)-.65 E .47 -(These con\214guration \214les are simpler than old v)127 361.8 R .47 -(ersions lar)-.15 F .47(gely because the w)-.18 F .47(orld has become)-.1 F -1.448(simpler; in particular)102 373.8 R 3.948(,t)-.4 G -.15(ex)197.604 373.8 S -1.448(t-based host \214les are of).15 F 1.449(\214cially eliminated, ob)-.25 F -1.449(viating the need to \231hide\232)-.15 F(hosts behind a re)102 385.8 Q -(gistered internet g)-.15 E(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G -.65(y.).1 G .092(These \ -\214les also assume that most of your neighbors use domain-based UUCP addressi\ -ng; that)127 402 R .361(is, instead of naming hosts as \231host!user\232 the) -102 414 R 2.861(yw)-.15 G .361(ill use \231host.domain!user\232.)299.435 414 R -.361(The con\214guration \214les)5.361 F(can be customized to w)102 426 Q -(ork around this, b)-.1 E(ut it is more comple)-.2 E(x.)-.15 E .658 -(Our con\214guration \214les are processed by)127 442.2 R F2(m4)3.158 E F1 .658 -(to f)3.158 F .657(acilitate local customization; the directory)-.1 F F2(cf) -3.157 E F1 .396(of the)102 454.2 R F2(sendmail)2.896 E F1(distrib)2.896 E .396 -(ution directory contains the source \214les.)-.2 F .396 -(This directory contains se)5.396 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .397(ral sub-).15 F -(directories:)102 466.2 Q 61.73(cf Both)102 482.4 R .56 -(site-dependent and site-independent descriptions of hosts.)3.06 F .56 -(These can be lit-)5.56 F .445(eral host names \(e.g., \231ucb)174 494.4 R -.25 -(va)-.15 G .445(x.mc\232\) when the hosts are g).25 F(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G -.445(ys or more general).1 F 3.589(descriptions \(such as \231tcpproto.mc\232 \ -as a general description of an SMTP-)174 506.4 R .536(connected host or \231uu\ -cpproto.mc\232 as a general description of a UUCP-connected)174 518.4 R 3.291 -(host\). Files)174 530.4 R(ending)3.291 E F0(.mc)3.291 E F1(\(`)3.291 E .791 -(`Master Con\214guration')-.74 F .791('\) are the input descriptions; the)-.74 -F 2.14(output is in the corresponding)174 542.4 R F0(.cf)4.64 E F1 4.64 -(\214le. The)4.64 F 2.14(general structure of these \214les is)4.64 F -(described belo)174 554.4 Q -.65(w.)-.25 G 39.5(domain Site-dependent)102 570.6 -R .428(subdomain descriptions.)2.928 F .428(These are tied to the w)5.428 F -.428(ay your or)-.1 F -.05(ga)-.18 G(niza-).05 E .292(tion w)174 582.6 R .292 -(ants to do addressing.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)5.292 G 2.792(re).15 G(xample,)313.122 -582.6 Q F0(domain/cs.exposed.m4)2.792 E F1 .292(is our descrip-)2.792 F .443 -(tion for hosts in the CS.Berk)174 594.6 R(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G .443 -(EDU subdomain that w).65 F .442(ant their indi)-.1 F .442(vidual host-)-.25 F -.962(name to be e)174 606.6 R .963(xternally visible;)-.15 F F0 -(domain/cs.hidden.m4)3.463 E F1 .963(is the same e)3.463 F .963(xcept that the) --.15 F 2.628(hostname is hidden \(e)174 618.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.628 -(rything looks lik).15 F 5.128(ei)-.1 G 5.128(tc)362.038 618.6 S 2.627 -(omes from CS.Berk)374.386 618.6 R(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\).).65 E -(These are referenced using the)174 630.6 Q/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(DOMAIN)2.5 E -F0(m4)2.5 E F1(macro in the)2.5 E F0(.mc)2.5 E F1(\214le.)2.5 E 41.74 -(feature De\214nitions)102 646.8 R .728 -(of speci\214c features that some particular host in your site might w)3.228 F -(ant.)-.1 E 2.467(These are referenced using the)174 658.8 R F3(FEA)4.966 E -(TURE)-.999 E F0(m4)4.966 E F1 4.966(macro. An)4.966 F -.15(ex)4.966 G 2.466 -(ample feature is).15 F 1.316(use_cw_\214le \(which tells)174 670.8 R F2 -(sendmail)3.816 E F1 1.317(to read an /etc/sendmail.cw \214le on startup to) -3.816 F(\214nd the set of local names\).)174 682.8 Q 50.62(hack Local)102 699 R -1.886(hacks, referenced using the)4.387 F F3(HA)4.386 E(CK)-.36 E F0(m4)4.386 E -F1 4.386(macro. T)4.386 F 1.886(ry to a)-.35 F -.2(vo)-.2 G 1.886(id these.).2 -F(The)6.886 E(point of ha)174 711 Q(ving them here is to mak)-.2 E 2.5(ei)-.1 G -2.5(tc)325.91 711 S(lear that the)335.63 711 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G(mell.)394.08 711 Q -EP -%%Page: 9 4 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-9)457.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 56.72(m4 Site-independent)102 96 R -/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(m4)2.538 E F1 .038(\(1\) include \214les that ha)B -.338 -.15(ve i)-.2 H .038(nformation common to all con\214gu-).15 F -(ration \214les.)174 108 Q -(This can be thought of as a \231#include\232 directory)5 E(.)-.65 E 43.95 -(mailer De\214nitions)102 124.2 R .152(of mailers, referenced using the)2.653 F -/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(MAILER)2.652 E F0(m4)2.652 E F1 2.652(macro. The)2.652 F -.152(mailer types)2.652 F 1.786(that are kno)174 136.2 R 1.787 -(wn in this distrib)-.25 F 1.787(ution are f)-.2 F 1.787 -(ax, local, smtp, uucp, and usenet.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)6.787 G(r).15 E -.15(ex)174 -148.2 S(ample, to include support for the UUCP-based mailers, use \231MAILER\(\ -uucp\)\232.).15 E 43.39(ostype De\214nitions)102 164.4 R 1.157(describing v) -3.657 F 1.157(arious operating system en)-.25 F 1.156 -(vironments \(such as the loca-)-.4 F(tion of support \214les\).)174 176.4 Q -(These are referenced using the)5 E F3(OSTYPE)2.5 E F0(m4)2.5 E F1(macro.)2.5 E -60.61(sh Shell)102 192.6 R(\214les used by the)2.5 E F0(m4)2.5 E F1 -.2(bu)2.5 -G(ild process.).2 E -1.1(Yo)5 G 2.5(us)1.1 G(houldn')362.97 192.6 Q 2.5(th)-.18 -G -2.25 -.2(av e)404.18 192.6 T(to mess with these.)2.7 E 30.61 -(sitecon\214g Local)102 208.8 R .49 -(site con\214guration information, such as UUCP connecti)2.99 F(vity)-.25 E -5.49(.T)-.65 G(he)450.61 208.8 Q 2.99(yn)-.15 G(ormally)472.89 208.8 Q -(contain lists of site information, for e)174 220.8 Q(xample:)-.15 E -(SITE\(contessa\))214 237 Q(SITE\(hoptoad\))214 249 Q(SITE\(nkainc\))214 261 Q -(SITE\(well\))214 273 Q(The)174 289.2 Q 2.5(ya)-.15 G -(re referenced using the SITECONFIG macro:)201.34 289.2 Q -(SITECONFIG\(site.con\214g.\214le, name_of_site, X\))214 305.4 Q(where)174 -321.6 Q F2(X)2.704 E F1 .204(is the macro/class name to use.)2.704 F .203 -(It can be U \(indicating locally connected)5.204 F(hosts\) or one of W)174 -333.6 Q 2.5(,X)-.92 G 2.5(,o)259.73 333.6 S 2.5(rYf)269.73 333.6 S -(or up to three remote UUCP hubs.)288.61 333.6 Q .756(If you are in a ne)127 -349.8 R 3.256(wd)-.25 G .756(omain \(e.g., a compan)214.036 349.8 R .757 -(y\), you will probably w)-.15 F .757(ant to create a cf/domain)-.1 F .871 -(\214le for your domain.)102 361.8 R .871 -(This consists primarily of relay de\214nitions: for e)5.871 F .87 -(xample, Berk)-.15 F(ele)-.1 E(y')-.15 E 3.37(sd)-.55 G(omain)479 361.8 Q .16 -(de\214nition de\214nes relays for BitNET)102 373.8 R 2.66(,C)-.74 G(SNET) -257.61 373.8 Q 2.66(,a)-.74 G .16(nd UUCP)291.47 373.8 R 5.16(.O)-1.11 G 2.66 -(ft)344.57 373.8 S .16(hese, only the UUCP relay is particu-)353.34 373.8 R .46 -(larly speci\214c to Berk)102 385.8 R(ele)-.1 E 4.26 -.65(y. A)-.15 H .46 -(ll of these are internet-style domain names.).65 F .46(Please check to mak) -5.46 F 2.96(ec)-.1 G(er)493.1 385.8 Q(-)-.2 E(tain the)102 397.8 Q 2.5(ya)-.15 -G(re reasonable for your domain.)143.51 397.8 Q 1.406(Subdomains at Berk)127 -414 R(ele)-.1 E 3.906(ya)-.15 G 1.407 -(re also represented in the cf/domain directory)235.678 414 R 6.407(.F)-.65 G -1.407(or e)439.406 414 R 1.407(xample, the)-.15 F 1.491(domain cs-e)102 426 R -1.491(xposed is the Computer Science subdomain with the local hostname sho)-.15 -F 1.49(wn to other)-.25 F 1.41(users; cs-hidden mak)102 438 R 1.411 -(es users appear to be from the CS.Berk)-.1 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G 1.411 -(EDU subdomain \(with no local).65 F 1.084(host information included\).)102 450 -R -1.1(Yo)6.084 G 3.584(uw)1.1 G 1.084(ill probably ha)246.336 450 R 1.384 -.15 -(ve t)-.2 H 3.584(ou).15 G 1.083(pdate this directory to be appropriate for) -335.872 450 R(your domain.)102 462 Q -1.1(Yo)127 478.2 S 4.372(uw)1.1 G 1.872 -(ill ha)154.712 478.2 R 2.172 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 4.372(ou).15 G 1.872 -(se or create)207.478 478.2 R F0(.mc)4.372 E F1 1.872(\214les in the)4.372 F F2 -(cf/cf)4.372 E F1 1.873(subdirectory for your hosts.)4.373 F 1.873(This is) -6.873 F(detailed in the cf/README \214le.)102 490.2 Q F0 2.5(1.3. Details)87 -514.2 R(of Installation Files)2.5 E F1 -(This subsection describes the \214les that comprise the)127 530.4 Q F2 -(sendmail)2.5 E F1(installation.)2.5 E F0 2.5(1.3.1. /usr/sbin/sendmail)102 -554.4 R F1 .079(The binary for)142 572.6 R F2(sendmail)2.579 E F1 .079 -(is located in /usr/sbin)2.579 F/F4 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(1)326.703 568.6 Q F1 -5.079(.I)330.203 572.6 S 2.579(ts)341.112 572.6 S .08(hould be setuid root.) -350.361 572.6 R -.15(Fo)5.08 G 2.58(rs).15 G .08(ecurity rea-)458.11 572.6 R -(sons, /, /usr)117 586.6 Q 2.5(,a)-.4 G(nd /usr/sbin should be o)171.6 586.6 Q -(wned by root, mode 755)-.25 E F4(2)364.4 582.6 Q F1(.)367.9 586.6 Q F0 2.5 -(1.3.2. /etc/sendmail.cf)102 610.6 R F1 .699 -(This is the con\214guration \214le for)142 628.8 R F2(sendmail)3.199 E F4(3) -311.744 624.8 Q F1 5.698(.T)315.244 628.8 S .698 -(his and /etc/sendmail.pid are the only non-)329.552 628.8 R .32 LW 76 638.4 72 -638.4 DL 80 638.4 76 638.4 DL 84 638.4 80 638.4 DL 88 638.4 84 638.4 DL 92 -638.4 88 638.4 DL 96 638.4 92 638.4 DL 100 638.4 96 638.4 DL 104 638.4 100 -638.4 DL 108 638.4 104 638.4 DL 112 638.4 108 638.4 DL 116 638.4 112 638.4 DL -120 638.4 116 638.4 DL 124 638.4 120 638.4 DL 128 638.4 124 638.4 DL 132 638.4 -128 638.4 DL 136 638.4 132 638.4 DL 140 638.4 136 638.4 DL 144 638.4 140 638.4 -DL 148 638.4 144 638.4 DL 152 638.4 148 638.4 DL 156 638.4 152 638.4 DL 160 -638.4 156 638.4 DL 164 638.4 160 638.4 DL 168 638.4 164 638.4 DL 172 638.4 168 -638.4 DL 176 638.4 172 638.4 DL 180 638.4 176 638.4 DL 184 638.4 180 638.4 DL -188 638.4 184 638.4 DL 192 638.4 188 638.4 DL 196 638.4 192 638.4 DL 200 638.4 -196 638.4 DL 204 638.4 200 638.4 DL 208 638.4 204 638.4 DL 212 638.4 208 638.4 -DL 216 638.4 212 638.4 DL/F5 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(1)93.6 648.8 Q/F6 8 -/Times-Roman@0 SF .385(This is usually /usr/sbin on 4.4BSD and ne)3.2 J .385 -(wer systems; man)-.2 F 2.385(ys)-.12 G .385(ystems install it in /usr/lib) -302.966 652 R 4.384(.I)-.32 G .384(understand it is in /usr/ucblib on)398.744 -652 R(System V Release 4.)72 661.6 Q F5(2)93.6 672 Q F6 .15(Some v)3.2 J .15 -(endors ship them o)-.12 F .15 -(wned by bin; this creates a security hole that is not actually related to)-.2 -F/F7 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.15 E F6 4.15(.O)C .149(ther important di-) -447.262 675.2 R(rectories that should ha)72 684.8 Q .24 -.12(ve r)-.16 H -(estricti).12 E .24 -.12(ve o)-.2 H(wnerships and permissions are /bin, /usr/b\ -in, /etc, /usr/etc, /lib, and /usr/lib)-.08 E(.)-.32 E F5(3)93.6 695.2 Q F6 -(Actually)3.2 I 2.276(,t)-.52 G .276(he pathname v)129.632 698.4 R .276 -(aries depending on the operating system; /etc is the preferred directory)-.2 F -4.276(.S)-.52 G .277(ome older systems install it)415.332 698.4 R(in)72 708 Q -/F8 8/Times-Bold@0 SF(/usr/lib/sendmail.cf)2 E F6 2(,a)C(nd I')153.344 708 Q -.24 -.12(ve a)-.4 H(lso seen it in).12 E F8(/usr/ucblib)2 E F6(and)2 E F8 -(/etc/mail)2 E F6 4(.I)C 2(fy)313.928 708 S(ou w)322.592 708 Q(ant to mo)-.08 E -.24 -.12(ve t)-.12 H(his \214le, change).12 E F7(sr)2 E(c/conf)-.296 E(.h)-.12 -E F6(.)A EP -%%Page: 10 5 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-10 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -(library \214le names compiled into)117 98 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail) -2.5 E/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(4)283.38 94 Q F1(.)286.88 98 Q .721 -(The con\214guration \214le is normally created using the distrib)142 114.2 R -.721(ution \214les described abo)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.72(.I).15 G(f)500.67 -114.2 Q .64(you ha)117 126.2 R .94 -.15(ve a p)-.2 H .64 -(articularly unusual system con\214guration you may need to create a special v) -.15 F(ersion.)-.15 E -(The format of this \214le is detailed in later sections of this document.)117 -138.2 Q F0 2.5(1.3.3. /usr/bin/newaliases)102 162.2 R F1(The)142 178.4 Q F2(ne) -2.5 E(waliases)-.15 E F1(command should just be a link to)2.5 E F2(sendmail)2.5 -E F1(:)A(rm \255f /usr/bin/ne)157 194.6 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E -(ln \255s /usr/sbin/sendmail /usr/bin/ne)157 206.6 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E -(This can be installed in whate)117 222.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rs).15 G -(earch path you prefer for your system.)254.91 222.8 Q F0 2.5(1.3.4. /v)102 -246.8 R(ar/spool/mqueue)-.1 E F1 .218(The directory)142 263 R F2 -(/var/spool/mqueue)2.718 E F1 .217(should be created to hold the mail queue.) -2.718 F .217(This directory)5.217 F(should be mode 700 and o)117 275 Q -(wned by root.)-.25 E(The actual path of this directory is de\214ned in the)142 -291.2 Q F0(Q)2.5 E F1(option of the)2.5 E F2(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1(\214le.)2.5 E -F0 2.5(1.3.5. /etc/aliases*)102 315.2 R F1 1.492 -(The system aliases are held in \231/etc/aliases\232.)142 331.4 R 3.992(As) -6.492 G 1.492(ample is gi)350.006 331.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.993(ni).15 G 3.993 -<6e99>417.694 331.4 S 1.493(lib/aliases\232 which)431.127 331.4 R -(includes some aliases which)117 343.4 Q F2(must)2.5 E F1(be de\214ned:)2.5 E -(cp lib/aliases /etc/aliases)157 359.6 Q F2(edit /etc/aliases)157 371.6 Q F1 --1.1(Yo)117 387.8 S 2.5(us)1.1 G(hould e)139.51 387.8 Q -(xtend this \214le with an)-.15 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G -(liases that are apropos to your system.)267.54 387.8 Q(Normally)142 404 Q F2 -(sendmail)3.61 E F1 1.109(looks at a v)3.61 F 1.109 -(ersion of these \214les maintained by the)-.15 F F2(dbm)3.609 E F1 1.109 -(\(3\) or)1.666 F F2(db)3.609 E F1(\(3\))1.666 E 3.46(routines. These)117 416 R -.96(are stored either in \231/etc/aliases.dir\232 and \231/etc/aliases.pag\232\ - or \231/etc/aliases.db\232)3.46 F 1.022 -(depending on which database package you are using.)117 428 R 1.022 -(These can initially be created as empty)6.022 F(\214les, b)117 440 Q(ut the) --.2 E 2.5(yw)-.15 G(ill ha)180.54 440 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.5(ob).15 G 2.5(ei) -227.69 440 S(nitialized promptly)237.41 440 Q 5(.T)-.65 G -(hese should be mode 644:)326.76 440 Q(cp /de)157 456.2 Q -(v/null /etc/aliases.dir)-.25 E(cp /de)157 468.2 Q(v/null /etc/aliases.pag)-.25 -E(chmod 644 /etc/aliases.*)157 480.2 Q(ne)157 492.2 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E -(The)117 508.4 Q F2(db)2.79 E F1 .29(routines preset the mode reasonably)2.79 F -2.79(,s)-.65 G 2.79(ot)301.68 508.4 S .29(his step can be skipped.)312.25 508.4 -R .29(The actual path of this)5.29 F(\214le is de\214ned in the)117 520.4 Q F0 -(A)2.5 E F1(option of the)2.5 E F2(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1(\214le.)2.5 E F0 2.5 -(1.3.6. /etc/r)102 544.4 R(c)-.18 E F1 .156 -(It will be necessary to start up the)142 560.6 R F2(sendmail)2.655 E F1 .155 -(daemon when your system reboots.)2.655 F .155(This dae-)5.155 F 1.537 -(mon performs tw)117 572.6 R 4.037(of)-.1 G 1.537 -(unctions: it listens on the SMTP sock)201.221 572.6 R 1.537 -(et for connections \(to recei)-.1 F 1.838 -.15(ve m)-.25 H(ail).15 E .442(fro\ -m a remote system\) and it processes the queue periodically to insure that mai\ -l gets deli)117 584.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(red).15 E(when hosts come up.)117 596.6 -Q .505(Add the follo)142 612.8 R .505(wing lines to \231/etc/rc\232 \(or \231/\ -etc/rc.local\232 as appropriate\) in the area where it)-.25 F -(is starting up the daemons:)117 624.8 Q .32 LW 76 669.2 72 669.2 DL 80 669.2 -76 669.2 DL 84 669.2 80 669.2 DL 88 669.2 84 669.2 DL 92 669.2 88 669.2 DL 96 -669.2 92 669.2 DL 100 669.2 96 669.2 DL 104 669.2 100 669.2 DL 108 669.2 104 -669.2 DL 112 669.2 108 669.2 DL 116 669.2 112 669.2 DL 120 669.2 116 669.2 DL -124 669.2 120 669.2 DL 128 669.2 124 669.2 DL 132 669.2 128 669.2 DL 136 669.2 -132 669.2 DL 140 669.2 136 669.2 DL 144 669.2 140 669.2 DL 148 669.2 144 669.2 -DL 152 669.2 148 669.2 DL 156 669.2 152 669.2 DL 160 669.2 156 669.2 DL 164 -669.2 160 669.2 DL 168 669.2 164 669.2 DL 172 669.2 168 669.2 DL 176 669.2 172 -669.2 DL 180 669.2 176 669.2 DL 184 669.2 180 669.2 DL 188 669.2 184 669.2 DL -192 669.2 188 669.2 DL 196 669.2 192 669.2 DL 200 669.2 196 669.2 DL 204 669.2 -200 669.2 DL 208 669.2 204 669.2 DL 212 669.2 208 669.2 DL 216 669.2 212 669.2 -DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(4)93.6 679.6 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .588 -(The system libraries can reference other \214les; in particular)3.2 J 2.589 -(,s)-.32 G .589(ystem library subroutines that)294.805 682.8 R/F6 8 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.589 E F5 .589(calls probably reference)2.589 F F6 -(/etc/passwd)72 692.4 Q F5(and)2 E F6(/etc/r)2 E(esolv)-.296 E(.conf)-.592 E F5 -(.)A EP -%%Page: 11 6 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-11)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -(if [ \255f /usr/sbin/sendmail \255a \255f /etc/sendmail.cf ]; then)157 96 Q -(\(cd /v)193 108 Q(ar/spool/mqueue; rm \255f [lnx]f*\))-.25 E -(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255bd \255q30m &)193 120 Q(echo \255n ' sendmail' >/de)193 -132 Q(v/console)-.25 E<8c>157 144 Q .174 -(The \231cd\232 and \231rm\232 commands insure that all lock \214les ha)117 -160.2 R .473 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .173(een remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .173(d; e).15 F -.173(xtraneous lock \214les)-.15 F .004 -(may be left around if the system goes do)117 172.2 R .005 -(wn in the middle of processing a message.)-.25 F .005(The line that)5.005 F -2.294(actually in)117 184.2 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(s).1 E/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)4.794 E F1 2.294(has tw)4.794 F 4.794<6f8d>-.1 G -2.293(ags: \231\255bd\232 causes it to listen on the SMTP port, and)272.94 -184.2 R(\231\255q30m\232 causes it to run the queue e)117 196.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 -G(ry half hour).15 E(.)-.55 E .378(Some people use a more comple)142 212.4 R -2.879(xs)-.15 G .379(tartup script, remo)285.209 212.4 R .379 -(ving zero length qf \214les and df \214les)-.15 F 1.121 -(for which there is no qf \214le.)117 224.4 R -.15(Fo)6.121 G 3.621(re).15 G -1.12(xample, see Figure 1 for an e)262.868 224.4 R 1.12(xample of a comple)-.15 -F 3.62(xs)-.15 G(tartup)480.67 224.4 Q(script.)117 236.4 Q .755 -(If you are not running a v)142 252.6 R .755(ersion of UNIX that supports Berk) --.15 F(ele)-.1 E 3.256(yT)-.15 G(CP/IP)416.722 252.6 Q 3.256(,d)-1.11 G 3.256 -(on)450.268 252.6 S .756(ot include)463.524 252.6 R(the)117 264.6 Q F0(\255bd) -2.5 E F1(\215ag.)2.5 E F0 2.5(1.3.7. /usr/lib/sendmail.hf)102 288.6 R F1 2.078 -(This is the help \214le used by the SMTP)142 304.8 R F0(HELP)4.578 E F1 4.578 -(command. It)4.578 F 2.078(should be copied from)4.578 F -(\231lib/sendmail.hf\232:)117 316.8 Q(cp lib/sendmail.hf /usr/lib)157 333 Q -(The actual path of this \214le is de\214ned in the)117 349.2 Q F0(H)2.5 E F1 -(option of the)2.5 E F2(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1(\214le.)2.5 E F0 2.5 -(1.3.8. /etc/sendmail.st)102 373.2 R F1 3.04 -(If you wish to collect statistics about your mail traf)142 389.4 R 3.04 -(\214c, you should create the \214le)-.25 F(\231/etc/sendmail.st\232:)117 401.4 -Q(cp /de)157 417.6 Q(v/null /etc/sendmail.st)-.25 E(chmod 666 /etc/sendmail.st) -157 429.6 Q .716(This \214le does not gro)117 445.8 R 4.516 -.65(w. I)-.25 H -3.216(ti).65 G 3.216(sp)231.506 445.8 S .716 -(rinted with the program \231mailstats/mailstats.c.)243.612 445.8 R 5.715<9a54> --.7 G .715(he actual path)447.03 445.8 R(of this \214le is de\214ned in the)117 -457.8 Q F0(S)2.5 E F1(option of the)2.5 E F2(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1(\214le.)2.5 E -F0 2.5(1.3.9. /usr/bin/mailq)102 481.8 R F1(If)142 498 Q F2(sendmail)3.439 E F1 -.939(is in)3.439 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.439(da).1 G 3.439<7399>241.156 -498 S(mailq,)252.925 498 Q 3.439<9a69>-.7 G 3.439(tw)288.164 498 S .939 -(ill simulate the)301.603 498 R F0(\255bp)3.439 E F1 .94(\215ag \(i.e.,)3.44 F -F2(sendmail)3.44 E F1 .94(will print)3.44 F -(the contents of the mail queue; see belo)117 510 Q 2.5(w\). This)-.25 F -(should be a link to /usr/sbin/sendmail.)2.5 E F0 2.5(2. NORMAL)72 534 R(OPERA) -2.5 E(TIONS)-.95 E 2.5(2.1. The)87 558 R(System Log)2.5 E F1 1.511 -(The system log is supported by the)127 574.2 R F2(syslo)4.011 E(gd)-.1 E F1 -1.511(\(8\) program.)1.666 F 1.511(All messages from)6.511 F F2(sendmail)4.011 -E F1(are)4.011 E(logged under the)102 588.2 Q/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(LOG_MAIL) -2.5 E F1 -.1(fa)2.5 G(cility).1 E/F4 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(5)248.43 584.2 Q F1(.) -251.93 588.2 Q F0 2.5(2.1.1. F)102 612.2 R(ormat)-.25 E F1 .574(Each line in t\ -he system log consists of a timestamp, the name of the machine that gener)142 -628.4 R(-)-.2 E .849(ated it \(for logging from se)117 640.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G -.849(ral machines o).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.349(rt).15 G .848 -(he local area netw)316.942 640.4 R .848(ork\), the w)-.1 F .848 -(ord \231sendmail:\232,)-.1 F(and a message)117 654.4 Q F4(6)174.76 650.4 Q F1 -5(.M)178.26 654.4 S(ost messages are a sequence of)194.65 654.4 Q F2(name)2.5 E -F1(=)A F2(value)A F1(pairs.)2.5 E .32 LW 76 665.2 72 665.2 DL 80 665.2 76 665.2 -DL 84 665.2 80 665.2 DL 88 665.2 84 665.2 DL 92 665.2 88 665.2 DL 96 665.2 92 -665.2 DL 100 665.2 96 665.2 DL 104 665.2 100 665.2 DL 108 665.2 104 665.2 DL -112 665.2 108 665.2 DL 116 665.2 112 665.2 DL 120 665.2 116 665.2 DL 124 665.2 -120 665.2 DL 128 665.2 124 665.2 DL 132 665.2 128 665.2 DL 136 665.2 132 665.2 -DL 140 665.2 136 665.2 DL 144 665.2 140 665.2 DL 148 665.2 144 665.2 DL 152 -665.2 148 665.2 DL 156 665.2 152 665.2 DL 160 665.2 156 665.2 DL 164 665.2 160 -665.2 DL 168 665.2 164 665.2 DL 172 665.2 168 665.2 DL 176 665.2 172 665.2 DL -180 665.2 176 665.2 DL 184 665.2 180 665.2 DL 188 665.2 184 665.2 DL 192 665.2 -188 665.2 DL 196 665.2 192 665.2 DL 200 665.2 196 665.2 DL 204 665.2 200 665.2 -DL 208 665.2 204 665.2 DL 212 665.2 208 665.2 DL 216 665.2 212 665.2 DL/F5 5 -/Times-Roman@0 SF(5)93.6 675.6 Q/F6 8/Times-Roman@0 SF -(Except on Ultrix, which does not support f)3.2 I(acilities in the syslog.)-.08 -E F5(6)93.6 689.2 Q F6(This format may v)3.2 I(ary slightly if your v)-.2 E -(endor has changed the syntax.)-.12 E EP -%%Page: 12 7 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-12 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E .4 LW 77 108 72 108 DL 79 108 74 108 DL -84 108 79 108 DL 89 108 84 108 DL 94 108 89 108 DL 99 108 94 108 DL 104 108 99 -108 DL 109 108 104 108 DL 114 108 109 108 DL 119 108 114 108 DL 124 108 119 108 -DL 129 108 124 108 DL 134 108 129 108 DL 139 108 134 108 DL 144 108 139 108 DL -149 108 144 108 DL 154 108 149 108 DL 159 108 154 108 DL 164 108 159 108 DL 169 -108 164 108 DL 174 108 169 108 DL 179 108 174 108 DL 184 108 179 108 DL 189 108 -184 108 DL 194 108 189 108 DL 199 108 194 108 DL 204 108 199 108 DL 209 108 204 -108 DL 214 108 209 108 DL 219 108 214 108 DL 224 108 219 108 DL 229 108 224 108 -DL 234 108 229 108 DL 239 108 234 108 DL 244 108 239 108 DL 249 108 244 108 DL -254 108 249 108 DL 259 108 254 108 DL 264 108 259 108 DL 269 108 264 108 DL 274 -108 269 108 DL 279 108 274 108 DL 284 108 279 108 DL 289 108 284 108 DL 294 108 -289 108 DL 299 108 294 108 DL 304 108 299 108 DL 309 108 304 108 DL 314 108 309 -108 DL 319 108 314 108 DL 324 108 319 108 DL 329 108 324 108 DL 334 108 329 108 -DL 339 108 334 108 DL 344 108 339 108 DL 349 108 344 108 DL 354 108 349 108 DL -359 108 354 108 DL 364 108 359 108 DL 369 108 364 108 DL 374 108 369 108 DL 379 -108 374 108 DL 384 108 379 108 DL 389 108 384 108 DL 394 108 389 108 DL 399 108 -394 108 DL 404 108 399 108 DL 409 108 404 108 DL 414 108 409 108 DL 419 108 414 -108 DL 424 108 419 108 DL 429 108 424 108 DL 434 108 429 108 DL 439 108 434 108 -DL 444 108 439 108 DL 449 108 444 108 DL 454 108 449 108 DL 459 108 454 108 DL -464 108 459 108 DL 469 108 464 108 DL 474 108 469 108 DL 479 108 474 108 DL 484 -108 479 108 DL 489 108 484 108 DL 494 108 489 108 DL 499 108 494 108 DL 504 108 -499 108 DL/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.5(#r)72 132 S(emo)82.83 132 Q .3 -.15(ve z) --.15 H(ero length qf \214les).15 E(for qf)72 144 Q(\214le in qf*)-.25 E(do)72 -156 Q(if [ \255r $qf)108 168 Q(\214le ])-.25 E(then)108 180 Q(if [ ! \255s $qf) -144 192 Q(\214le ])-.25 E(then)144 204 Q(echo \255n " <zero: $qf)180 216 Q -(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E(v/console)-.25 E(rm \255f $qf)180 228 Q(\214le)-.25 E -<8c>144 240 Q<8c>108 252 Q(done)72 264 Q 2.5(#r)72 276 S -(ename tf \214les to be qf if the qf does not e)82.83 276 Q(xist)-.15 E(for tf) -72 288 Q(\214le in tf*)-.25 E(do)72 300 Q(qf)108 312 Q(\214le=`echo $tf)-.25 E -(\214le | sed ')-.25 E(s/t/q/'`)-.55 E(if [ \255r $tf)108 324 Q -(\214le \255a ! \255f $qf)-.25 E(\214le ])-.25 E(then)108 336 Q -(echo \255n " <reco)144 348 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(ring: $tf).15 E(\214le>" > /de) --.25 E(v/console)-.25 E(mv $tf)144 360 Q(\214le $qf)-.25 E(\214le)-.25 E(else) -108 372 Q(echo \255n " <e)144 384 Q(xtra: $tf)-.15 E(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E -(v/console)-.25 E(rm \255f $tf)144 396 Q(\214le)-.25 E<8c>108 408 Q(done)72 420 -Q 2.5(#r)72 432 S(emo)82.83 432 Q .3 -.15(ve d)-.15 H 2.5<668c>.15 G -(les with no corresponding qf \214les)128.08 432 Q(for df)72 444 Q -(\214le in df*)-.25 E(do)72 456 Q(qf)108 468 Q(\214le=`echo $df)-.25 E -(\214le | sed ')-.25 E(s/d/q/'`)-.55 E(if [ \255r $df)108 480 Q -(\214le \255a ! \255f $qf)-.25 E(\214le ])-.25 E(then)108 492 Q -(echo \255n " <incomplete: $df)144 504 Q(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E(v/console)-.25 E -(mv $df)144 516 Q(\214le `echo $df)-.25 E(\214le | sed ')-.25 E(s/d/D/'`)-.55 E -<8c>108 528 Q(done)72 540 Q 2.5(#a)72 552 S(nnounce \214les that ha)83.94 552 Q -.3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een sa).15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(dd).15 G(uring disaster reco) -229.32 552 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(ry).15 E(for xf)72 564 Q(\214le in [A-Z]f*)-.25 E -(do)72 576 Q(echo \255n " <panic: $xf)108 588 Q(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E -(v/console)-.25 E(done)72 600 Q(Figure 1 \212 A comple)214.47 624 Q 2.5(xs)-.15 -G(tartup script)313.48 624 Q 77 636 72 636 DL 79 636 74 636 DL 84 636 79 636 DL -89 636 84 636 DL 94 636 89 636 DL 99 636 94 636 DL 104 636 99 636 DL 109 636 -104 636 DL 114 636 109 636 DL 119 636 114 636 DL 124 636 119 636 DL 129 636 124 -636 DL 134 636 129 636 DL 139 636 134 636 DL 144 636 139 636 DL 149 636 144 636 -DL 154 636 149 636 DL 159 636 154 636 DL 164 636 159 636 DL 169 636 164 636 DL -174 636 169 636 DL 179 636 174 636 DL 184 636 179 636 DL 189 636 184 636 DL 194 -636 189 636 DL 199 636 194 636 DL 204 636 199 636 DL 209 636 204 636 DL 214 636 -209 636 DL 219 636 214 636 DL 224 636 219 636 DL 229 636 224 636 DL 234 636 229 -636 DL 239 636 234 636 DL 244 636 239 636 DL 249 636 244 636 DL 254 636 249 636 -DL 259 636 254 636 DL 264 636 259 636 DL 269 636 264 636 DL 274 636 269 636 DL -279 636 274 636 DL 284 636 279 636 DL 289 636 284 636 DL 294 636 289 636 DL 299 -636 294 636 DL 304 636 299 636 DL 309 636 304 636 DL 314 636 309 636 DL 319 636 -314 636 DL 324 636 319 636 DL 329 636 324 636 DL 334 636 329 636 DL 339 636 334 -636 DL 344 636 339 636 DL 349 636 344 636 DL 354 636 349 636 DL 359 636 354 636 -DL 364 636 359 636 DL 369 636 364 636 DL 374 636 369 636 DL 379 636 374 636 DL -384 636 379 636 DL 389 636 384 636 DL 394 636 389 636 DL 399 636 394 636 DL 404 -636 399 636 DL 409 636 404 636 DL 414 636 409 636 DL 419 636 414 636 DL 424 636 -419 636 DL 429 636 424 636 DL 434 636 429 636 DL 439 636 434 636 DL 444 636 439 -636 DL 449 636 444 636 DL 454 636 449 636 DL 459 636 454 636 DL 464 636 459 636 -DL 469 636 464 636 DL 474 636 469 636 DL 479 636 474 636 DL 484 636 479 636 DL -489 636 484 636 DL 494 636 489 636 DL 499 636 494 636 DL 504 636 499 636 DL .68 -(The tw)142 672 R 3.18(om)-.1 G .68 -(ost common lines are logged when a message is processed.)186.59 672 R .68 -(The \214rst logs the)5.68 F .376(receipt of a message; there will be e)117 684 -R .376(xactly one of these per message.)-.15 F .376(Some \214elds may be omit-) -5.376 F(ted if the)117 696 Q 2.5(yd)-.15 G 2.5(on)164.9 696 S -(ot contain interesting information.)177.4 696 Q(Fields are:)5 E 50.06 -(from The)117 712.2 R(en)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.4 G(lope sender address.).15 E EP -%%Page: 13 8 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-13)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 53.95(size The)117 96 R -(size of the message in bytes.)2.5 E 50.06(class The)117 112.2 R -(class \(i.e., numeric precedence\) of the message.)2.5 E 58.39(pri The)117 -128.4 R(initial message priority \(used for queue sorting\).)2.5 E 45.06 -(nrcpts The)117 144.6 R 1.514(number of en)4.014 F -.15(ve)-.4 G 1.515 -(lope recipients for this message \(after aliasing and for).15 F(-)-.2 E -.1 -(wa)189 156.6 S(rding\).).1 E 45.05(msgid The)117 172.8 R -(message id of the message \(from the header\).)2.5 E 48.39(proto The)117 189 R -(protocol used to recei)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.25 H -(his message \(e.g., ESMTP or UUCP\)).15 E 49.51(relay The)117 205.2 R -(machine from which it w)2.5 E(as recei)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(d.).15 E .43 -(There is also one line logged per deli)117 221.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .43 -(ry attempt \(so there can be se).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .43 -(ral per message if deli).15 F(v-)-.25 E -(ery is deferred or there are multiple recipients\).)117 233.4 Q(Fields are:)5 -E 61.72(to A)117 249.6 R(comma-separated list of the recipients to this mailer) -2.5 E(.)-.55 E 41.73(ctladdr The)117 265.8 R -.74(``)2.726 G .226 -(controlling user').74 F .226 -(', that is, the name of the user whose credentials we use)-.74 F(for deli)189 -277.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E(.)-.65 E 47.84(delay The)117 294 R 1.303 -(total delay between the time this message w)3.804 F 1.303(as recei)-.1 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 3.803(da).15 G 1.303(nd the time it)447.031 294 R -.1(wa)189 306 S -2.5(sd).1 G(eli)211.95 306 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(red.).15 E 42.84(xdelay The)117 -322.2 R .116(amount of time needed in this deli)2.615 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .116 -(ry attempt \(normally indicati).15 F .416 -.15(ve o)-.25 H 2.616(ft).15 G(he) -494.56 322.2 Q(speed of the connection\).)189 334.2 Q 43.95(mailer The)117 -350.4 R(name of the mailer used to deli)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rt).15 G 2.5 -(ot)348.57 350.4 S(his recipient.)358.85 350.4 Q 49.51(relay The)117 366.6 R -(name of the host that actually accepted \(or rejected\) this recipient.)2.5 E -55.61(stat The)117 382.8 R(deli)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry status.).15 E -(Not all \214elds are present in all messages; for e)117 399 Q -(xample, the relay is not listed for local deli)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ries.).15 -E F0 2.5(2.1.2. Le)102 423 R -.1(ve)-.15 G(ls).1 E F1 .205(If you ha)142 439.2 -R -.15(ve)-.2 G/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(syslo)2.855 E(gd)-.1 E F1 .205 -(\(8\) or an equi)1.666 F -.25(va)-.25 G .205 -(lent installed, you will be able to do logging.).25 F .204(There is)5.204 F -2.787(al)117 451.2 S(ar)127.007 451.2 Q .287 -(ge amount of information that can be logged.)-.18 F .287 -(The log is arranged as a succession of le)5.287 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ls.).15 E -.651(At the lo)117 463.2 R .651(west le)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.151(lo).15 G -.651(nly e)201.724 463.2 R .651(xtremely strange situations are logged.)-.15 F -.65(At the highest le)5.651 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .65(l, e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.15 -(nt).15 G(he)494.56 463.2 Q .825(most mundane and uninteresting e)117 475.2 R --.15(ve)-.25 G .825(nts are recorded for posterity).15 F 5.826(.A)-.65 G 3.326 -(sac)400.266 475.2 S(on)419.688 475.2 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G .826(ntion, log le).15 F --.15(ve)-.25 G(ls).15 E .201 -(under ten are considered generally \231useful;\232 log le)117 487.2 R -.15(ve) --.25 G .201(ls abo).15 F .501 -.15(ve 6)-.15 H 2.701(4a).15 G .2(re reserv) -381.57 487.2 R .2(ed for deb)-.15 F .2(ugging pur)-.2 F(-)-.2 E 2.5(poses. Le) -117 499.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ls from 11\25564 are reserv).15 E(ed for v)-.15 E -(erbose information that some sites might w)-.15 E(ant.)-.1 E 2.5(Ac)142 515.4 -S(omplete description of the log le)156.16 515.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ls is gi).15 -E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ns)340.35 515.4 S(ection 4.6.)351.74 515.4 Q -F0 2.5(2.2. Dumping)87 539.4 R(State)2.5 E F1 -1.1(Yo)127 555.6 S 2.563(uc)1.1 -G .063(an ask)150.123 555.6 R F2(sendmail)2.563 E F1 .064 -(to log a dump of the open \214les and the connection cache by sending it a) -2.563 F/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(SIGUSR1)102 567.6 Q F1 2.5(signal. The)2.5 F -(results are logged at)2.5 E F3(LOG_DEB)2.5 E(UG)-.09 E F1(priority)2.5 E(.) --.65 E F0 2.5(2.3. The)87 591.6 R(Mail Queue)2.5 E F1 1.283 -(Sometimes a host cannot handle a message immediately)127 607.8 R 6.283(.F)-.65 -G 1.283(or e)374.224 607.8 R 1.283(xample, it may be do)-.15 F 1.282(wn or)-.25 -F -.15(ove)102 619.8 S .042(rloaded, causing it to refuse connections.).15 F -.043(The sending host is then e)5.043 F .043(xpected to sa)-.15 F .343 -.15 -(ve t)-.2 H .043(his message).15 F(in its mail queue and attempt to deli)102 -631.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G 2.5(tl)263.26 631.8 S(ater)271.32 631.8 Q -(.)-.55 E .568 -(Under normal conditions the mail queue will be processed transparently)127 648 -R 5.568(.H)-.65 G -.25(ow)434.764 648 S -2.15 -.25(ev e).25 H 1.368 -.4(r, y) -.25 H .568(ou may).4 F .993(\214nd that manual interv)102 660 R .993 -(ention is sometimes necessary)-.15 F 5.993(.F)-.65 G .993(or e)332.711 660 R -.993(xample, if a major host is do)-.15 F .994(wn for a)-.25 F 1.699 -(period of time the queue may become clogged.)102 672 R(Although)6.699 E F2 -(sendmail)4.199 E F1 1.699(ought to reco)4.199 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.199(rg).15 G -(racefully)468.46 672 Q(when the host comes up, you may \214nd performance una\ -cceptably bad in the meantime.)102 684 Q EP -%%Page: 14 9 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-14 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(2.3.1. Printing)102 96 R(the queue) -2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .526 -(The contents of the queue can be printed using the)142 112.2 R/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(mailq)3.026 E F1 .526(command \(or by specifying the)3.026 F -F0(\255bp)117 124.2 Q F1(\215ag to)2.5 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(\):)A(mailq)157 -140.4 Q 1.673(This will produce a listing of the queue id')117 156.6 R 1.673 -(s, the size of the message, the date the message)-.55 F -(entered the queue, and the sender and recipients.)117 168.6 Q F0 2.5(2.3.2. F) -102 192.6 R(or)-.25 E(cing the queue)-.18 E F2(Sendmail)142 208.8 Q F1 1.137 -(should run the queue automatically at interv)3.637 F 3.638(als. The)-.25 F -1.138(algorithm is to read and)3.638 F .355 -(sort the queue, and then to attempt to process all jobs in order)117 220.8 R -5.355(.W)-.55 G .355(hen it attempts to run the job,)384.37 220.8 R F2 -(sendmail)117 232.8 Q F1(\214rst checks to see if the job is lock)2.5 E 2.5 -(ed. If)-.1 F(so, it ignores the job)2.5 E(.)-.4 E .338 -(There is no attempt to insure that only one queue processor e)142 249 R .338 -(xists at an)-.15 F 2.838(yt)-.15 G .339(ime, since there)440.282 249 R .095 -(is no guarantee that a job cannot tak)117 261 R 2.595(ef)-.1 G(ore)272.07 261 -Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.595(rt).15 G 2.595(op)302.585 261 S .094(rocess \(ho)315.18 -261 R(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -.4(r,).15 G F2(sendmail)2.994 E F1 .094 -(does include heuris-)2.594 F 1.086 -(tics to try to abort jobs that are taking absurd amounts of time; technically) -117 273 R 3.587(,t)-.65 G 1.087(his violates RFC)435.146 273 R .462(821, b)117 -285 R .461(ut is blessed by RFC 1123\).)-.2 F .461 -(Due to the locking algorithm, it is impossible for one job to)5.461 F 1.086 -(freeze the entire queue.)117 297 R(Ho)6.086 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.886 --.4(r, a).15 H 3.586(nu).4 G(ncooperati)279.346 297 Q 1.386 -.15(ve r)-.25 H -1.086(ecipient host or a program recipient that).15 F(ne)117 309 Q -.15(ve)-.25 -G 3.351(rr).15 G .851(eturns can accumulate man)145.491 309 R 3.351(yp)-.15 G -.851(rocesses in your system.)269.825 309 R(Unfortunately)5.851 E 3.351(,t)-.65 -G .85(here is no com-)439.52 309 R(pletely general w)117 321 Q(ay to solv)-.1 E -2.5(et)-.15 G(his.)234.23 321 Q .082 -(In some cases, you may \214nd that a major host going do)142 337.2 R .083 -(wn for a couple of days may create)-.25 F 2.925(ap)117 349.2 S(rohibiti) -129.365 349.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .425(ly lar).15 F .425(ge queue.)-.18 F .424 -(This will result in)5.425 F F2(sendmail)2.924 E F1 .424 -(spending an inordinate amount of time)2.924 F 1.084(sorting the queue.)117 -361.2 R 1.084(This situation can be \214x)6.084 F 1.084(ed by mo)-.15 F 1.085 -(ving the queue to a temporary place and)-.15 F .023(creating a ne)117 373.2 R -2.523(wq)-.25 G 2.523(ueue. The)182.629 373.2 R .022 -(old queue can be run later when the of)2.523 F .022 -(fending host returns to service.)-.25 F 1.6 -.8(To d)142 389.4 T 2.5(ot).8 G -(his, it is acceptable to mo)170.09 389.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.15 H -(he entire queue directory:).15 E(cd /v)157 405.6 Q(ar/spool)-.25 E -(mv mqueue omqueue; mkdir mqueue; chmod 700 mqueue)157 417.6 Q -1.1(Yo)117 -433.8 S 2.708(us)1.1 G .208(hould then kill the e)139.718 433.8 R .209 -(xisting daemon \(since it will still be processing in the old queue direc-) --.15 F(tory\) and create a ne)117 445.8 Q 2.5(wd)-.25 G(aemon.)213.1 445.8 Q -1.6 -.8(To r)142 462 T(un the old mail queue, run the follo).8 E(wing command:) --.25 E(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255oQ/v)157 478.2 Q(ar/spool/omqueue \255q)-.25 E -(The)117 494.4 Q F0(\255oQ)2.868 E F1 .367 -(\215ag speci\214es an alternate queue directory and the)2.868 F F0<ad71>2.867 -E F1 .367(\215ag says to just run e)2.867 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .367(ry job in).15 F -.593(the queue.)117 506.4 R .593(If you ha)5.593 F .893 -.15(ve a t)-.2 H -(endenc).15 E 3.093(yt)-.15 G -2.1 -.25(ow a)263.111 506.4 T .593(rd v).25 F --.1(oy)-.2 G .593(eurism, you can use the).1 F F0<ad76>3.094 E F1 .594 -(\215ag to w)3.094 F .594(atch what is)-.1 F(going on.)117 518.4 Q -(When the queue is \214nally emptied, you can remo)142 534.6 Q .3 -.15(ve t) --.15 H(he directory:).15 E(rmdir /v)157 550.8 Q(ar/spool/omqueue)-.25 E F0 2.5 -(2.4. The)87 579 R(Ser)2.5 E(vice Switch)-.1 E F1 1.416(The implementation of \ -certain system services such as host and user name lookup is con-)127 595.2 R -.335(trolled by the service switch.)102 607.2 R .336 -(If the host operating system supports such a switch)5.335 F F2(sendmail)2.836 -E F1 .336(will use)2.836 F(the nati)102 619.2 Q .3 -.15(ve ve)-.25 H 2.5 -(rsion. Ultrix,).15 F(Solaris, and DEC OSF/1 are e)2.5 E -(xamples of such systems.)-.15 E .969(If the underlying operating system does \ -not support a service switch \(e.g., SunOS, HP-UX,)127 635.4 R .975(BSD\) then) -102 647.4 R F2(sendmail)3.475 E F1 .975(will pro)3.475 F .975 -(vide a stub implementation.)-.15 F(The)5.975 E F0(Ser)3.475 E(viceSwitchFile) --.1 E F1 .975(option points to)3.475 F .382(the name of a \214le that has the \ -service de\214nitions Each line has the name of a service and the possi-)102 -659.4 R(ble implementations of that service.)102 671.4 Q -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 -G(xample, the \214le:)270.57 671.4 Q 12.94(hosts dns)142 687.6 R(\214les nis) -2.5 E 6.84(aliases \214les)142 699.6 R(nis)2.5 E .328(will ask)102 715.8 R F2 -(sendmail)2.828 E F1 .328(to look for hosts in the Domain Name System \214rst.) -2.828 F .329(If the requested host name is)5.329 F EP -%%Page: 15 10 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-15)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .379 -(not found, it tries local \214les, and if that f)102 96 R .379 -(ails it tries NIS.)-.1 F(Similarly)5.379 E 2.879(,w)-.65 G .379 -(hen looking for aliases it will)385.166 96 R -(try the local \214les \214rst follo)102 108 Q(wed by NIS.)-.25 E 1.269 -(Service switches are not completely inte)127 124.2 R 3.769(grated. F)-.15 F -1.269(or e)-.15 F 1.269(xample, despite the f)-.15 F 1.27(act that the host)-.1 -F .294(entry listed in the abo)102 136.2 R .594 -.15(ve ex)-.15 H .293 -(ample speci\214es to look in NIS, on SunOS this w).15 F(on')-.1 E 2.793(th) --.18 G .293(appen because the)430.664 136.2 R 1.398(system implementation of) -102 148.2 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.1(ge)3.898 G(thostbyname).1 E F1 1.398 -(\(3\) doesn')1.666 F 3.898(tu)-.18 G 1.399(nderstand this.)327.856 148.2 R -1.399(If there is enough demand)6.399 F F2(sendmail)102 160.2 Q F1 .015 -(may reimplement)2.515 F F2 -.1(ge)2.515 G(thostbyname).1 E F1(\(3\),)1.666 E -F2 -.1(ge)2.515 G(thostbyaddr).1 E F1(\(3\),)1.666 E F2 -.1(ge)2.515 G(tpwent) -.1 E F1 .014(\(3\), and the other system)1.666 F(routines that w)102 172.2 Q -(ould be necessary to mak)-.1 E 2.5(et)-.1 G(his w)272.05 172.2 Q -(ork seamlessly)-.1 E(.)-.65 E F0 2.5(2.5. The)87 196.2 R(Alias Database)2.5 E -F1 .36(The alias database e)127 212.4 R .36(xists in tw)-.15 F 2.86(of)-.1 G -2.861(orms. One)261.11 212.4 R .361(is a te)2.861 F .361 -(xt form, maintained in the \214le)-.15 F F2(/etc/aliases.)2.861 E F1 -(The aliases are of the form)102 224.4 Q(name: name1, name2, ...)142 240.6 Q -(Only local names may be aliased; e.g.,)102 256.8 Q(eric@prep.ai.MIT)142 273 Q -(.EDU: eric@CS.Berk)-.74 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E 1.088 -(will not ha)102 291.2 R 1.388 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.088(he desired ef).15 F 1.088 -(fect \(e)-.25 F 1.088(xcept on prep.ai.MIT)-.15 F 1.088(.EDU, and the)-.74 F -3.588(yp)-.15 G 1.088(robably don')400.868 291.2 R 3.587(tw)-.18 G 1.087 -(ant me\))466.643 291.2 R/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(7)498 287.2 Q F1(.)501.5 291.2 -Q .561(Aliases may be continued by starting an)102 303.2 R 3.061(yc)-.15 G .561 -(ontinuation lines with a space or a tab)277.697 303.2 R 5.562(.B)-.4 G .562 -(lank lines and)447.326 303.2 R(lines be)102 315.2 Q -(ginning with a sharp sign \(\231#\232\) are comments.)-.15 E 1.478 -(The second form is processed by the)127 333.4 R F2(ndbm)3.978 E F1(\(3\))1.666 -E F3(8)321.472 329.4 Q F1(or)328.95 333.4 Q F2(db)3.978 E F1 1.478 -(\(3\) library)1.666 F 6.478(.T)-.65 G 1.478(his form is in the \214les)409.66 -333.4 R F2(/etc/aliases.dir)102 345.4 Q F1(and)3.028 E F2(/etc/aliases.pa)3.028 -E -.15(g.)-.1 G F1 .528(This is the form that)5.678 F F2(sendmail)3.029 E F1 -.529(actually uses to resolv)3.029 F 3.029(ea)-.15 G(liases.)479.28 345.4 Q -(This technique is used to impro)102 357.4 Q .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(erformance.) -.15 E(The control of search order is actually set by the service switch.)127 -373.6 Q(Essentially)5 E 2.5(,t)-.65 G(he entry)437.96 373.6 Q -.35(OA)142 389.8 -S(switch:aliases).35 E .927(is al)102 406 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .927(ys added as the \ -\214rst alias entry; also, the \214rst alias \214le name without a class \(e.g\ -., without).1 F .268 -(\231nis:\232 on the front\) will be used as the name of the \214le for a `)102 -418 R(`\214les')-.74 E 2.769('e)-.74 G .269(ntry in the aliases switch.)382.535 -418 R -.15(Fo)5.269 G(r).15 E -.15(ex)102 430 S -(ample, if the con\214guration \214le contains).15 E -.35(OA)142 446.2 S -(/etc/aliases).35 E(and the service switch contains)102 462.4 Q 6.84 -(aliases nis)142 478.6 R(\214les nisplus)2.5 E 2.449(then aliases will \214rst\ - be searched in the NIS database, then in /etc/aliases, then in the NIS+)102 -494.8 R(database.)102 506.8 Q -1.1(Yo)127 523 S 2.5(uc)1.1 G(an also use)150.06 -523 Q/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(NIS)2.5 E F1(-based alias \214les.)A -.15(Fo)5 G -2.5(re).15 G(xample, the speci\214cation:)305.069 523 Q -.35(OA)142 539.2 S -(/etc/aliases).35 E -.35(OA)142 551.2 S(nis:mail.aliases@my).35 E(.nis.domain) --.65 E 1.725(will \214rst search the /etc/aliases \214le and then the map name\ -d \231mail.aliases\232 in \231my)102 567.4 R(.nis.domain\232.)-.65 E -.8(Wa)102 -579.4 S .59(rning: if you b).8 F .59(uild your o)-.2 F(wn)-.25 E F4(NIS)3.09 E -F1 .589(-based alias \214les, be sure to pro)B .589(vide the)-.15 F F0<ad6c> -3.089 E F1 .589(\215ag to)3.089 F F2(mak)3.089 E(edbm)-.1 E F1(\(8\))A .159 -(to map upper case letters in the k)102 591.4 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.659(st).15 G -2.659(ol)253.55 591.4 S -.25(ow)263.989 591.4 S .159 -(er case; otherwise, aliases with upper case letters in their).25 F(names w)102 -603.4 Q(on')-.1 E 2.5(tm)-.18 G(atch incoming addresses.)163.38 603.4 Q -(Additional \215ags can be added after the colon e)127 619.6 Q(xactly lik)-.15 -E 2.5(ea)-.1 G F0(K)A F1(line \212 for e)2.5 E(xample:)-.15 E -.35(OA)142 635.8 -S(nis:\255N mail.aliases@my).35 E(.nis.domain)-.65 E -(will search the appropriate NIS map and al)102 652 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G -(ys include null bytes in the k).1 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(.)-.5 E .32 LW 76 665.2 72 -665.2 DL 80 665.2 76 665.2 DL 84 665.2 80 665.2 DL 88 665.2 84 665.2 DL 92 -665.2 88 665.2 DL 96 665.2 92 665.2 DL 100 665.2 96 665.2 DL 104 665.2 100 -665.2 DL 108 665.2 104 665.2 DL 112 665.2 108 665.2 DL 116 665.2 112 665.2 DL -120 665.2 116 665.2 DL 124 665.2 120 665.2 DL 128 665.2 124 665.2 DL 132 665.2 -128 665.2 DL 136 665.2 132 665.2 DL 140 665.2 136 665.2 DL 144 665.2 140 665.2 -DL 148 665.2 144 665.2 DL 152 665.2 148 665.2 DL 156 665.2 152 665.2 DL 160 -665.2 156 665.2 DL 164 665.2 160 665.2 DL 168 665.2 164 665.2 DL 172 665.2 168 -665.2 DL 176 665.2 172 665.2 DL 180 665.2 176 665.2 DL 184 665.2 180 665.2 DL -188 665.2 184 665.2 DL 192 665.2 188 665.2 DL 196 665.2 192 665.2 DL 200 665.2 -196 665.2 DL 204 665.2 200 665.2 DL 208 665.2 204 665.2 DL 212 665.2 208 665.2 -DL 216 665.2 212 665.2 DL/F5 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(7)93.6 675.6 Q/F6 8 -/Times-Roman@0 SF(Actually)3.2 I 2(,a)-.52 G .24 -.12(ny m)130.684 678.8 T -(ailer that has the `).12 E 1.776 -.888(A' m)-.64 H(ailer \215ag set will perm\ -it aliasing; this is normally limited to the local mailer).888 E(.)-.44 E F5(8) -93.6 689.2 Q F6(The)3.2 I/F7 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(gdbm)2 E F6 -(package probably w)2 E(orks as well.)-.08 E EP -%%Page: 16 11 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-16 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(2.5.1. Reb)102 96 R -(uilding the alias database)-.2 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .542(The DB or DBM v) -142 112.2 R .542(ersion of the database may be reb)-.15 F .542(uilt e)-.2 F -.542(xplicitly by e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .542(cuting the com-).15 F(mand)117 -124.2 Q(ne)157 140.4 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E(This is equi)117 156.6 Q -.25 -(va)-.25 G(lent to gi).25 E(ving)-.25 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.5 E -F1(the)2.5 E F0(\255bi)2.5 E F1(\215ag:)2.5 E(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255bi)157 -172.8 Q 2.29(If the)142 193.2 R F0(Reb)4.79 E(uildAliases)-.2 E F1(\(old)4.79 E -F0(D)4.79 E F1 4.79(\)o)C 2.29(ption is speci\214ed in the con\214guration,) -280.19 193.2 R F2(sendmail)4.79 E F1(will)4.79 E(reb)117 205.2 Q .775 -(uild the alias database automatically if possible when it is out of date.)-.2 -F(Auto-reb)5.774 E .774(uild can be)-.2 F 1.853(dangerous on hea)117 217.2 R -1.853(vily loaded machines with lar)-.2 F 1.853 -(ge alias \214les; if it might tak)-.18 F 4.354(em)-.1 G 1.854(ore than the) -453.082 217.2 R(reb)117 229.2 Q 2.832(uild timeout \(option)-.2 F F0(AliasW) -5.332 E(ait)-.65 E F1 5.332(,o)C(ld)275.538 229.2 Q F0(a)5.332 E F1 5.332(,w)C -2.831(hich is normally \214v)308.702 229.2 R 5.331(em)-.15 G 2.831 -(inutes\) to reb)412.657 229.2 R 2.831(uild the)-.2 F -(database, there is a chance that se)117 241.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G -(ral processes will start the reb).15 E(uild process simultaneously)-.2 E(.) --.65 E 1.77(If you ha)142 257.4 R 2.07 -.15(ve m)-.2 H 1.77 -(ultiple aliases databases speci\214ed, the).15 F F0(\255bi)4.27 E F1 1.77 -(\215ag reb)4.27 F 1.77(uilds all the database)-.2 F -(types it understands \(for e)117 269.4 Q(xample, it can reb)-.15 E -(uild NDBM databases b)-.2 E(ut not NIS databases\).)-.2 E F0 2.5(2.5.2. P)102 -293.4 R(otential pr)-.2 E(oblems)-.18 E F1 1.131 -(There are a number of problems that can occur with the alias database.)142 -309.6 R(The)6.13 E 3.63(ya)-.15 G 1.13(ll result)472.59 309.6 R 1.103(from a) -117 321.6 R F2(sendmail)3.603 E F1 1.103(process accessing the DBM v)3.603 F -1.103(ersion while it is only partially b)-.15 F 3.604(uilt. This)-.2 F(can) -3.604 E 1.249(happen under tw)117 333.6 R 3.749(oc)-.1 G 1.248 -(ircumstances: One process accesses the database while another process is) -199.237 333.6 R(reb)117 345.6 Q .518(uilding it, or the process reb)-.2 F .518 -(uilding the database dies \(due to being killed or a system crash\))-.2 F -(before completing the reb)117 357.6 Q(uild.)-.2 E .401 -(Sendmail has three techniques to try to relie)142 373.8 R .701 -.15(ve t)-.25 -H .401(hese problems.).15 F .4(First, it ignores interrupts)5.401 F .045 -(while reb)117 385.8 R .045(uilding the database; this a)-.2 F -.2(vo)-.2 G -.045(ids the problem of someone aborting the process lea).2 F .045(ving a)-.2 F -.177(partially reb)117 397.8 R .177(uilt database.)-.2 F .177 -(Second, it locks the database source \214le during the reb)5.177 F .176 -(uild \212 b)-.2 F .176(ut that)-.2 F .812(may not w)117 409.8 R .812(ork o)-.1 -F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.312(rN).15 G .812(FS or if the \214le is unwritable.)205.388 -409.8 R .813(Third, at the end of the reb)5.813 F .813(uild it adds an)-.2 F -(alias of the form)117 421.8 Q(@: @)157 438 Q .336(\(which is not normally le) -117 454.2 R -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.836(l\). Before).05 F F2(sendmail)2.836 E F1 .336 -(will access the database, it checks to insure that)2.836 F(this entry e)117 -468.2 Q(xists)-.15 E/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(9)179.63 464.2 Q F1(.)183.13 468.2 Q -F0 2.5(2.5.3. List)102 492.2 R -.1(ow)2.5 G(ners).1 E F1 .4 -(If an error occurs on sending to a certain address, say \231)142 508.4 R F2(x) -A F1<9a2c>A F2(sendmail)2.901 E F1 .401(will look for an alias)2.901 F .418 -(of the form \231o)117 520.4 R(wner)-.25 E(-)-.2 E F2(x)A F1 2.918<9a74>C 2.918 -(or)212.632 520.4 S(ecei)223.88 520.4 Q .718 -.15(ve t)-.25 H .418(he errors.) -.15 F .417(This is typically useful for a mailing list where the)5.418 F 1.116 -(submitter of the list has no control o)117 532.4 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.617(rt).15 -G 1.117(he maintenance of the list itself; in this case the list)288.4 532.4 R -(maintainer w)117 544.4 Q(ould be the o)-.1 E(wner of the list.)-.25 E -.15(Fo) -5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample:)309.38 544.4 Q -(unix-wizards: eric@ucbarpa, wnj@monet, nosuchuser)157 560.6 Q(,)-.4 E -(sam@matisse)193 572.6 Q -.25(ow)157 584.6 S(ner).25 E -(-unix-wizards: unix-wizards-request)-.2 E(unix-wizards-request: eric@ucbarpa) -157 596.6 Q -.1(wo)117 612.8 S 1.959(uld cause \231eric@ucbarpa\232 to get the\ - error that will occur when someone sends to unix-).1 F -(wizards due to the inclusion of \231nosuchuser\232 on the list.)117 624.8 Q -.958(List o)142 641 R .958(wners also cause the en)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .959 -(lope sender address to be modi\214ed.).15 F .959(The contents of the)5.959 F --.25(ow)117 653 S .429(ner alias are used if the).25 F 2.929(yp)-.15 G .429 -(oint to a single user)236.364 653 R 2.928(,o)-.4 G .428 -(therwise the name of the alias itself is used.)326.436 653 R -.15(Fo)117 665 S -3.454(rt).15 G .954(his reason, and to obe)136.974 665 R 3.454(yI)-.15 G .954 -(nternet con)239.354 665 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .954(ntions, the \231o).15 F(wner)-.25 -E .955(-\232 address normally points at the)-.2 F .504(\231-request\232 addres\ -s; this causes messages to go out with the typical Internet con)117 677 R -.15 -(ve)-.4 G .503(ntion of using).15 F .32 LW 76 686.6 72 686.6 DL 80 686.6 76 -686.6 DL 84 686.6 80 686.6 DL 88 686.6 84 686.6 DL 92 686.6 88 686.6 DL 96 -686.6 92 686.6 DL 100 686.6 96 686.6 DL 104 686.6 100 686.6 DL 108 686.6 104 -686.6 DL 112 686.6 108 686.6 DL 116 686.6 112 686.6 DL 120 686.6 116 686.6 DL -124 686.6 120 686.6 DL 128 686.6 124 686.6 DL 132 686.6 128 686.6 DL 136 686.6 -132 686.6 DL 140 686.6 136 686.6 DL 144 686.6 140 686.6 DL 148 686.6 144 686.6 -DL 152 686.6 148 686.6 DL 156 686.6 152 686.6 DL 160 686.6 156 686.6 DL 164 -686.6 160 686.6 DL 168 686.6 164 686.6 DL 172 686.6 168 686.6 DL 176 686.6 172 -686.6 DL 180 686.6 176 686.6 DL 184 686.6 180 686.6 DL 188 686.6 184 686.6 DL -192 686.6 188 686.6 DL 196 686.6 192 686.6 DL 200 686.6 196 686.6 DL 204 686.6 -200 686.6 DL 208 686.6 204 686.6 DL 212 686.6 208 686.6 DL 216 686.6 212 686.6 -DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(9)93.6 697 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(The)3.2 I/F6 8 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(AliasW)2 E(ait)-.52 E F5 -(option is required in the con\214guration for this action to occur)2 E 4(.T) --.44 G(his should normally be speci\214ed.)352.228 700.2 Q EP -%%Page: 17 12 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-17)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.74(``)117 96 S/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(list).74 E F1(-request')A 2.5('a)-.74 G 2.5(st)180.22 96 S -(he return address.)189.39 96 Q F0 2.5(2.6. User)87 120 R(Inf)2.5 E -(ormation Database)-.25 E F1 1.059(If you ha)127 136.2 R 1.359 -.15(ve a ve)-.2 -H 1.059(rsion of).15 F F2(sendmail)3.559 E F1 1.06 -(with the user information database compiled in, and you)3.559 F(ha)102 148.2 Q -2.206 -.15(ve s)-.2 H 1.906(peci\214ed one or more databases using the).15 F F0 -(U)4.406 E F1 1.905(option, the databases will be searched for a)4.406 F F2 -(user)102 160.2 Q F1(:maildrop entry)A 5(.I)-.65 G 2.5(ff)191.34 160.2 S -(ound, the mail will be sent to the speci\214ed address.)200.5 160.2 Q F0 2.5 -(2.7. P)87 184.2 R(er)-.2 E(-User F)-.37 E(orwarding \(.f)-.25 E -(orward Files\))-.25 E F1 .12(As an alternati)127 200.4 R .42 -.15(ve t)-.25 H -2.62(ot).15 G .12(he alias database, an)210.4 200.4 R 2.62(yu)-.15 G .121 -(ser may put a \214le with the name \231.forw)304.87 200.4 R .121 -(ard\232 in his)-.1 F .205(or her home directory)102 212.4 R 5.205(.I)-.65 G -2.705(ft)199.92 212.4 S .205(his \214le e)208.735 212.4 R(xists,)-.15 E F2 -(sendmail)2.705 E F1 .205 -(redirects mail for that user to the list of addresses)2.705 F .908 -(listed in the .forw)102 224.4 R .908(ard \214le.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)5.908 G 3.408 -(re).15 G .908 -(xample, if the home directory for user \231mckusick\232 has a .forw)233.978 -224.4 R(ard)-.1 E(\214le with contents:)102 236.4 Q(mckusick@ernie)142 252.6 Q -(kirk@calder)142 264.6 Q(then an)102 280.8 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G(ail arri)146.29 -280.8 Q -(ving for \231mckusick\232 will be redirected to the speci\214ed accounts.)-.25 -E(Actually)127 297 Q 3.375(,t)-.65 G .874 -(he con\214guration \214le de\214nes a sequence of \214lenames to check.) -169.445 297 R .874(By def)5.874 F .874(ault, this is)-.1 F .687(the user')102 -309 R 3.187(s.)-.55 G(forw)146.424 309 Q .687(ard \214le, b)-.1 F .687 -(ut can be de\214ned to be more generally using the)-.2 F F0(J)3.187 E F1 3.188 -(option. If)3.188 F .688(you change)3.188 F .393(this, you will ha)102 321 R -.693 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.893(oi).15 G .393 -(nform your user base of the change; .forw)193.065 321 R .393 -(ard is pretty well incorporated into)-.1 F(the collecti)102 333 Q .3 -.15 -(ve s)-.25 H(ubconscious.).15 E F0 2.5(2.8. Special)87 357 R(Header Lines)2.5 E -F1(Se)127 373.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.897(ral header lines ha).15 F 2.197 -.15 -(ve s)-.2 H 1.897 -(pecial interpretations de\214ned by the con\214guration \214le.).15 F(Others) -6.898 E(ha)102 385.2 Q 1.206 -.15(ve i)-.2 H .906(nterpretations b).15 F .906 -(uilt into)-.2 F F2(sendmail)3.406 E F1 .905 -(that cannot be changed without changing the code.)3.406 F(These)5.905 E -.2 -(bu)102 397.2 S(iltins are described here.).2 E F0 2.5(2.8.1. Err)102 421.2 R -(ors-T)-.18 E(o:)-.92 E F1 .22(If errors occur an)142 437.4 R .22 -(ywhere during processing, this header will cause error messages to go to)-.15 -F(the listed addresses.)117 449.4 Q(This is intended for mailing lists.)5 E -.385(The Errors-T)142 465.6 R .385(o: header w)-.8 F .384 -(as created in the bad old days when UUCP didn')-.1 F 2.884(tu)-.18 G .384 -(nderstand the)450.016 465.6 R .889(distinction between an en)117 477.6 R -.15 -(ve)-.4 G .889(lope and a header; this w).15 F .889(as a hack to pro)-.1 F .89 -(vide what should no)-.15 F 3.39(wb)-.25 G(e)499.56 477.6 Q .81 -(passed as the en)117 489.6 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .81(lope sender address.).15 F .809 -(It should go a)5.81 F -.1(wa)-.15 G 4.609 -.65(y. I).1 H 3.309(ti).65 G 3.309 -(so)374.125 489.6 S .809(nly used if the)386.324 489.6 R F0(UseErr)3.309 E -(orsT)-.18 E(o)-.92 E F1(option is set.)117 501.6 Q(The Errors-T)142 517.8 Q -(o: header is of)-.8 E(\214cial deprecated and will go a)-.25 E -.1(wa)-.15 G -2.5(yi).1 G 2.5(naf)392.3 517.8 S(uture release.)410.07 517.8 Q F0 2.5 -(2.8.2. A)102 541.8 R(ppar)-.25 E(ently-T)-.18 E(o:)-.92 E F1 .044 -(RFC 822 requires at least one recipient \214eld \(T)142 558 R .045 -(o:, Cc:, or Bcc: line\) in e)-.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .045(ry message.).15 F .045 -(If a)5.045 F .562 -(message comes in with no recipients listed in the message then)117 570 R F2 -(sendmail)3.062 E F1 .562(will adjust the header)3.062 F .085 -(based on the \231NoRecipientAction\232 option.)117 582 R .085 -(One of the possible actions is to add an \231)5.085 F(Apparently-)-.8 E -.8 -(To)117 594 S .08(:\232 header line for an).8 F 2.58(yr)-.15 G .08 -(ecipients it is a)218.36 594 R -.1(wa)-.15 G .08(re of.).1 F .08 -(This is not put in as a standard recipient line to)5.08 F -.1(wa)117 606 S -(rn an).1 E 2.5(yr)-.15 G(ecipients that the list is not complete.)159.51 606 Q -(The Apparently-T)142 622.2 Q(o: header is non-standard and is deprecated.)-.8 -E F0 2.5(2.8.3. Pr)102 646.2 R(ecedence)-.18 E F1 .425 -(The Precedence: header can be used as a crude control of message priority)142 -662.4 R 5.425(.I)-.65 G 2.925(tt)455.38 662.4 S .425(weaks the)463.865 662.4 R -(sort order in the queue and can be con\214gured to change the message timeout\ - v)117 674.4 Q(alues.)-.25 E EP -%%Page: 18 13 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-18 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(2.9. IDENT)87 96 R(Pr)2.5 E -(otocol Support)-.18 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Sendmail)127 112.2 Q/F2 10 -/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.835(supports the IDENT protocol as de\214ned in RFC 1413.) -4.335 F 1.835(Although this enhances)6.835 F .289 -(identi\214cation of the author of an email message by doing a `)102 124.2 R -.29(`call back')-.74 F 2.79('t)-.74 G 2.79(ot)396.17 124.2 S .29 -(he originating system to)406.74 124.2 R .469(include the o)102 136.2 R .469(w\ -ner of a particular TCP connection in the audit trail it is in no sense perfec\ -t; a deter)-.25 F(-)-.2 E 1.293(mined for)102 148.2 R 1.294 -(ger can easily spoof the IDENT protocol.)-.18 F 1.294(The follo)6.294 F 1.294 -(wing description is e)-.25 F 1.294(xcerpted from)-.15 F(RFC 1413:)102 160.2 Q -2.5(6. Security)127 176.4 R(Considerations)2.5 E .006 -(The information returned by this protocol is at most as trustw)127 192.6 R -(orth)-.1 E 2.505(ya)-.05 G 2.505(st)400.505 192.6 S .005(he host pro)409.68 -192.6 R .005(viding it OR)-.15 F .273(the or)127 204.6 R -.05(ga)-.18 G .273 -(nization operating the host.).05 F -.15(Fo)5.273 G 2.773(re).15 G .274 -(xample, a PC in an open lab has fe)295.308 204.6 R 2.774(wi)-.25 G 2.774(fa) -448.612 204.6 S .574 -.15(ny c)459.156 204.6 T(ontrols).15 E .987(on it to pre) -127 216.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .986(nt a user from ha).15 F .986 -(ving this protocol return an)-.2 F 3.486(yi)-.15 G .986 -(denti\214er the user w)378.056 216.6 R 3.486(ants. Lik)-.1 F(e-)-.1 E 1.441(w\ -ise, if the host has been compromised the information returned may be complete\ -ly erro-)127 228.6 R(neous and misleading.)127 240.6 Q .521(The Identi\214cati\ -on Protocol is not intended as an authorization or access control protocol.)127 -256.8 R(At)5.52 E 1.036(best, it pro)127 268.8 R 1.037 -(vides some additional auditing information with respect to TCP connections.) --.15 F(At)6.037 E -.1(wo)127 280.8 S(rst, it can pro).1 E -(vide misleading, incorrect, or maliciously incorrect information.)-.15 E 1.006 -(The use of the information returned by this protocol for other than auditing \ -is strongly dis-)127 297 R 2.697(couraged. Speci\214cally)127 309 R 2.697(,u) --.65 G .197(sing Identi\214cation Protocol information to mak)228.114 309 R -2.697(ea)-.1 G .197(ccess control deci-)429.186 309 R .514(sions - either as t\ -he primary method \(i.e., no other checks\) or as an adjunct to other methods) -127 321 R(may result in a weak)127 333 Q(ening of normal host security)-.1 E(.) --.65 E 1.778(An Identi\214cation serv)127 349.2 R 1.778(er may re)-.15 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 1.778(al information about users, entities, objects or processes).15 -F .337(which might normally be considered pri)127 361.2 R -.25(va)-.25 G 2.836 -(te. An).25 F .336(Identi\214cation serv)2.836 F .336(er pro)-.15 F .336 -(vides service which)-.15 F .806 -(is a rough analog of the CallerID services pro)127 373.2 R .806 -(vided by some phone companies and man)-.15 F 3.306(yo)-.15 G(f)500.67 373.2 Q -1.398(the same pri)127 385.2 R -.25(va)-.25 G 1.698 -.15(cy c).25 H 1.398 -(onsiderations and ar).15 F 1.398 -(guments that apply to the CallerID service apply to)-.18 F 3.545 -(Identi\214cation. If)127 397.2 R 1.045(you w)3.545 F(ouldn')-.1 E 3.545(tr) --.18 G 1.045(un a "\214nger" serv)260.33 397.2 R 1.046(er due to pri)-.15 F --.25(va)-.25 G 1.346 -.15(cy c).25 H 1.046(onsiderations you may).15 F(not w) -127 409.2 Q(ant to run this protocol.)-.1 E .377 -(In some cases your system may not w)102 425.4 R .377 -(ork properly with IDENT support due to a b)-.1 F .376(ug in the TCP/IP)-.2 F -3.675(implementation. The)102 437.4 R 1.175 -(symptoms will be that for some hosts the SMTP connection will be closed)3.675 -F .566(almost immediately)102 449.4 R 5.566(.I)-.65 G 3.066(ft)192.482 449.4 S -.565(his is true or if you do not w)201.658 449.4 R .565(ant to use IDENT)-.1 F -3.065(,y)-.74 G .565(ou should set the IDENT)401.75 449.4 R -(timeout to zero; this will disable the IDENT protocol.)102 461.4 Q F0 2.5 -(3. ARGUMENTS)72 485.4 R F2 .017(The complete list of ar)112 501.6 R .017 -(guments to)-.18 F F1(sendmail)2.517 E F2 .017 -(is described in detail in Appendix A.)2.517 F .018(Some important)5.018 F(ar) -87 513.6 Q(guments are described here.)-.18 E F0 2.5(3.1. Queue)87 537.6 R -(Inter)2.5 E -.1(va)-.1 G(l).1 E F2 .455(The amount of time between forking a \ -process to run through the queue is de\214ned by the)127 553.8 R F0<ad71>2.955 -E F2 2.675(\215ag. If)102 565.8 R .175(you run with deli)2.675 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -.175(ry mode set to).15 F F0(i)2.675 E F2(or)2.675 E F0(b)2.675 E F2 .176 -(this can be relati)2.675 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .176(ly lar).15 F .176 -(ge, since it will only be rel-)-.18 F -.25(eva)102 577.8 S .207 -(nt when a host that w).25 F .207(as do)-.1 F .207(wn comes back up.)-.25 F -.206(If you run in)5.207 F F0(q)2.706 E F2 .206(mode it should be relati)2.706 -F -.15(ve)-.25 G .206(ly short,).15 F 1.039(since it de\214nes the maximum amo\ -unt of time that a message may sit in the queue.)102 589.8 R 1.039 -(\(See also the)6.039 F(MinQueueAge option.\))102 601.8 Q 1.336 -(RFC 1123 section 5.3.1.1 says that this v)127 618 R 1.335 -(alue should be at least 30 minutes \(although that)-.25 F(probably doesn')102 -630 Q 2.5(tm)-.18 G(ak)179.59 630 Q 2.5(es)-.1 G(ense if you use `)199.76 630 Q -(`queue-only')-.74 E 2.5('m)-.74 G(ode\).)329.08 630 Q F0 2.5(3.2. Daemon)87 -654 R(Mode)2.5 E F2 .084(If you allo)127 670.2 R 2.584(wi)-.25 G .084 -(ncoming mail o)181.162 670.2 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.585(ra).15 G 2.585(nI)263.605 -670.2 S .085(PC connection, you should ha)274.52 670.2 R .385 -.15(ve a d)-.2 H -.085(aemon running.).15 F(This)5.085 E .07(should be set by your)102 682.2 R F1 -(/etc/r)2.57 E(c)-.37 E F2 .07(\214le using the)2.57 F F0(\255bd)2.57 E F2 -2.569(\215ag. The)2.57 F F0(\255bd)2.569 E F2 .069(\215ag and the)2.569 F F0 -<ad71>2.569 E F2 .069(\215ag may be combined)2.569 F(in one call:)102 694.2 Q -(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255bd \255q30m)142 710.4 Q EP -%%Page: 19 14 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-19)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .292(An alternati)127 96 R .592 --.15(ve a)-.25 H .292(pproach is to in).15 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .493 -.1(ke s).2 H -.293(endmail from).1 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(inetd)2.793 E F1 .293 -(\(8\) \(use the)B F0(\255bs)2.793 E F1 .293(\215ag to ask sendmail)2.793 F -.255(to speak SMTP on its standard input and output\).)102 108 R .255(This w) -5.255 F .255(orks and allo)-.1 F .255(ws you to wrap)-.25 F F2(sendmail)2.755 E -F1 .255(in a)2.755 F 1.39(TCP wrapper program, b)102 120 R 1.39 -(ut may be a bit slo)-.2 F 1.39 -(wer since the con\214guration \214le has to be re-read on)-.25 F -2.15 -.25 -(ev e)102 132 T .556(ry message that comes in.).25 F .556 -(If you do this, you still need to ha)5.556 F .856 -.15(ve a)-.2 H F2(sendmail) -3.206 E F1 .555(running to \215ush the)3.055 F(queue:)102 144 Q -(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255q30m)142 160.2 Q F0 2.5(3.3. F)87 188.4 R(or)-.25 E -(cing the Queue)-.18 E F1 .04(In some cases you may \214nd that the queue has \ -gotten clogged for some reason.)127 204.6 R -1.1(Yo)5.04 G 2.54(uc)1.1 G .04 -(an force)471.48 204.6 R 3.185(aq)102 216.6 S .685(ueue run using the)114.625 -216.6 R F0<ad71>3.184 E F1 .684(\215ag \(with no v)3.184 F 3.184(alue\). It) --.25 F .684(is entertaining to use the)3.184 F F0<ad76>3.184 E F1 .684 -(\215ag \(v)3.184 F .684(erbose\) when)-.15 F(this is done to w)102 228.6 Q -(atch what happens:)-.1 E(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255q \255v)142 244.8 Q -1.1(Yo) -127 265.2 S 4.004(uc)1.1 G 1.504 -(an also limit the jobs to those with a particular queue identi\214er)151.564 -265.2 R 4.004(,s)-.4 G(ender)428.362 265.2 Q 4.004(,o)-.4 G 4.004(rr)461.676 -265.2 S(ecipient)472.34 265.2 Q .687(using one of the queue modi\214ers.)102 -277.2 R -.15(Fo)5.687 G 3.187(re).15 G .687(xample, \231\255qRberk)265.659 -277.2 R(ele)-.1 E .686(y\232 restricts the queue run to jobs that)-.15 F(ha)102 -289.2 Q .525 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .225(he string \231berk).15 F(ele)-.1 E .225 -(y\232 some)-.15 F .225(where in one of the recipient addresses.)-.25 F -(Similarly)5.226 E 2.726<2c99>-.65 G .226(\255qSstring\232 lim-)441.184 289.2 R -(its the run to particular senders and \231\255qIstring\232 limits it to parti\ -cular queue identi\214ers.)102 301.2 Q F0 2.5(3.4. Deb)87 325.2 R(ugging)-.2 E -F1 1.365(There are a f)127 341.4 R 1.365(airly lar)-.1 F 1.365 -(ge number of deb)-.18 F 1.365(ug \215ags b)-.2 F 1.365(uilt into)-.2 F F2 -(sendmail)3.865 E F1 6.365(.E)C 1.365(ach deb)417.65 341.4 R 1.365 -(ug \215ag has a)-.2 F 1.116(number and a le)102 353.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.116 -(l, where higher le).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.116 -(ls means to print out more information.).15 F 1.116(The con)6.116 F -.15(ve) --.4 G 1.116(ntion is).15 F .294(that le)102 365.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .294 -(ls greater than nine are \231absurd,).15 F 2.794<9a69>-.7 G .294(.e., the) -274.018 365.4 R 2.794(yp)-.15 G .293(rint out so much information that you w) -313.616 365.4 R(ouldn')-.1 E(t)-.18 E .691(normally w)102 377.4 R .692 -(ant to see them e)-.1 F .692(xcept for deb)-.15 F .692 -(ugging that particular piece of code.)-.2 F(Deb)5.692 E .692 -(ug \215ags are set)-.2 F(using the)102 389.4 Q F0<ad64>2.5 E F1 -(option; the syntax is:)2.5 E(deb)142 405.6 Q(ug-\215ag:)-.2 E F0<ad64>200.13 -405.6 Q F1(deb)2.5 E(ug-list)-.2 E(deb)142 417.6 Q 13.05(ug-list: deb)-.2 F -(ug-option [ , deb)-.2 E(ug-option ]*)-.2 E(deb)142 429.6 Q -.28 -(ug-option: deb)-.2 F(ug-range [ . deb)-.2 E(ug-le)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l]) -.15 G(deb)142 441.6 Q 3.07(ug-range: inte)-.2 F(ger | inte)-.15 E -(ger \255 inte)-.15 E(ger)-.15 E(deb)142 453.6 Q(ug-le)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -6.24(l: inte).15 F(ger)-.15 E(where spaces are for reading ease only)102 469.8 -Q 5(.F)-.65 G(or e)268.64 469.8 Q(xample,)-.15 E 34.99(\255d12 Set)142 486 R -(\215ag 12 to le)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l1).15 G 27.49(\255d12.3 Set)142 498 -R(\215ag 12 to le)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l3).15 G 24.35(\255d3\25517 Set)142 -510 R(\215ags 3 through 17 to le)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l1).15 G 16.85 -(\255d3\25517.4 Set)142 522 R(\215ags 3 through 17 to le)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -2.5(l4).15 G -.15(Fo)102 538.2 S 4.066(rac).15 G 1.566(omplete list of the a) -132.752 538.2 R -.25(va)-.2 G 1.565(ilable deb).25 F 1.565 -(ug \215ags you will ha)-.2 F 1.865 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 4.065(ol).15 G 1.565 -(ook at the code \(the)380.9 538.2 R 4.065(ya)-.15 G 1.565(re too)479.385 538.2 -R(dynamic to k)102 550.2 Q(eep this documentation up to date\).)-.1 E F0 2.5 -(3.5. Changing)87 574.2 R(the V)2.5 E(alues of Options)-.92 E F1 -(Options can be o)127 590.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(rridden using the).15 E F0<ad6f> -2.5 E F1(or)2.5 E F0<ad4f>2.5 E F1(command line \215ags.)2.5 E -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5 -(re).15 G(xample,)420.27 590.4 Q(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255oT2m)142 606.6 Q .02 -(sets the)102 622.8 R F0(T)2.52 E F1 .02(\(timeout\) option to tw)2.52 F 2.52 -(om)-.1 G .021(inutes for this run only; the equi)246.77 622.8 R -.25(va)-.25 G -.021(lent line using the long option).25 F(name is)102 634.8 Q -(/usr/sbin/sendmail -OQueueT)142 651 Q(imeout=2m)-.35 E .72(Some options ha)127 -671.4 R 1.02 -.15(ve s)-.2 H .72(ecurity implications.).15 F .72(Sendmail allo) -5.72 F .72(ws you to set these, b)-.25 F .72(ut relinquishes)-.2 F EP -%%Page: 20 15 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-20 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -(its setuid root permissions thereafter)102 98 Q/F2 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(10) -247.54 94 Q F1(.)254.54 98 Q F0 2.5(3.6. T)87 122 R(rying a Differ)-.74 E -(ent Con\214guration File)-.18 E F1(An alternati)127 138.2 Q .3 -.15(ve c)-.25 -H(on\214guration \214le can be speci\214ed using the).15 E F0<ad43>2.5 E F1 -(\215ag; for e)2.5 E(xample,)-.15 E -(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255Ctest.cf \255oQ/tmp/mqueue)142 154.4 Q .429 -(uses the con\214guration \214le)102 170.6 R/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(test.cf) -2.928 E F1 .428(instead of the def)2.928 F(ault)-.1 E F3(/etc/sendmail.cf)2.928 -E(.)-.15 E F1 .428(If the)5.428 F F0<ad43>2.928 E F1 .428(\215ag has no v)2.928 -F(alue)-.25 E(it def)102 182.6 Q(aults to)-.1 E F3(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1 -(in the current directory)2.5 E(.)-.65 E F3(Sendmail)127 198.8 Q F1(gi)2.679 E --.15(ve)-.25 G 2.679(su).15 G 2.679(pi)195.288 198.8 S .18 -(ts setuid root permissions when you use this \215ag, so it is common to use a) -205.747 198.8 R .069(publicly writable directory \(such as /tmp\) as the spool\ - directory \(QueueDirectory or Q option\) while)102 210.8 R(testing.)102 222.8 -Q F0 2.5(3.7. Logging)87 246.8 R -.74(Tr)2.5 G(af\214c).74 E F1(Man)127 263 Q -3.254(yS)-.15 G .754(MTP implementations do not fully implement the protocol.) -158.994 263 R -.15(Fo)5.754 G 3.254(re).15 G .755(xample, some per)428.54 263 R -(-)-.2 E 1.178(sonal computer based SMTPs do not understand continuation lines\ - in reply codes.)102 275 R 1.177(These can be)6.178 F -.15(ve)102 287 S .13 -(ry hard to trace.).15 F .13(If you suspect such a problem, you can set traf) -5.13 F .13(\214c logging using the)-.25 F F0<ad58>2.63 E F1 2.63(\215ag. F)2.63 -F(or)-.15 E -.15(ex)102 299 S(ample,).15 E(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255X /tmp/traf) -142 315.2 Q(\214c \255bd)-.25 E(will log all traf)102 331.4 Q -(\214c in the \214le)-.25 E F3(/tmp/tr)2.5 E(af)-.15 E<8c63>-.18 E F1(.)A .998 -(This logs a lot of data v)127 347.6 R .997(ery quickly and should)-.15 F F0 -(NEVER)3.497 E F1 .997(be used during normal operations.)3.497 F .962(After st\ -arting up such a daemon, force the errant implementation to send a message to \ -your host.)102 359.6 R .609(All message traf)102 371.6 R .609 -(\214c in and out of)-.25 F F3(sendmail)3.109 E F1 3.109(,i)C .609 -(ncluding the incoming SMTP traf)281.882 371.6 R .608(\214c, will be logged in) --.25 F(this \214le.)102 383.6 Q F0 2.5(3.8. T)87 407.6 R -(esting Con\214guration Files)-.92 E F1 .643(When you b)127 423.8 R .644(uild \ -a con\214guration table, you can do a certain amount of testing using the \231\ -test)-.2 F(mode\232 of)102 435.8 Q F3(sendmail)2.5 E F1 5(.F)C(or e)191.01 -435.8 Q(xample, you could in)-.15 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G F3(sendmail)2.6 E -F1(as:)2.5 E(sendmail \255bt \255Ctest.cf)142 452 Q .448(which w)102 468.2 R -.448(ould read the con\214guration \214le \231test.cf\232 and enter test mode.) --.1 F .447(In this mode, you enter lines)5.447 F(of the form:)102 480.2 Q -(rwset address)142 496.4 Q(where)102 512.6 Q F3(rwset)3.006 E F1 .506 -(is the re)3.006 F .506(writing set you w)-.25 F .506(ant to use and)-.1 F F3 -(addr)3.007 E(ess)-.37 E F1 .507(is an address to apply the set to.)3.007 F -.7 -(Te)5.507 G(st).7 E .794(mode sho)102 524.6 R .794(ws you the steps it tak)-.25 -F .794(es as it proceeds, \214nally sho)-.1 F .794 -(wing you the address it ends up with.)-.25 F -1.1(Yo)102 536.6 S 3.331(um)1.1 -G .832(ay use a comma separated list of rwsets for sequential application of r\ -ules to an input.)129.231 536.6 R -.15(Fo)5.832 G(r).15 E -.15(ex)102 548.6 S -(ample:).15 E(3,1,21,4 monet:bollard)142 564.8 Q .622 -(\214rst applies ruleset three to the input \231monet:bollard.)102 581 R 5.622 -<9a52>-.7 G .622(uleset one is then applied to the output of)334.036 581 R -(ruleset three, follo)102 593 Q(wed similarly by rulesets twenty-one and four) --.25 E(.)-.55 E 1.084(If you need more detail, you can also use the \231\255d2\ -1\232 \215ag to turn on more deb)127 609.2 R 3.585(ugging. F)-.2 F(or)-.15 E --.15(ex)102 621.2 S(ample,).15 E(sendmail \255bt \255d21.99)142 637.4 Q .689 -(turns on an incredible amount of information; a single w)102 653.6 R .688 -(ord address is probably going to print out)-.1 F(se)102 665.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G -(ral pages w).15 E(orth of information.)-.1 E .32 LW 76 678.8 72 678.8 DL 80 -678.8 76 678.8 DL 84 678.8 80 678.8 DL 88 678.8 84 678.8 DL 92 678.8 88 678.8 -DL 96 678.8 92 678.8 DL 100 678.8 96 678.8 DL 104 678.8 100 678.8 DL 108 678.8 -104 678.8 DL 112 678.8 108 678.8 DL 116 678.8 112 678.8 DL 120 678.8 116 678.8 -DL 124 678.8 120 678.8 DL 128 678.8 124 678.8 DL 132 678.8 128 678.8 DL 136 -678.8 132 678.8 DL 140 678.8 136 678.8 DL 144 678.8 140 678.8 DL 148 678.8 144 -678.8 DL 152 678.8 148 678.8 DL 156 678.8 152 678.8 DL 160 678.8 156 678.8 DL -164 678.8 160 678.8 DL 168 678.8 164 678.8 DL 172 678.8 168 678.8 DL 176 678.8 -172 678.8 DL 180 678.8 176 678.8 DL 184 678.8 180 678.8 DL 188 678.8 184 678.8 -DL 192 678.8 188 678.8 DL 196 678.8 192 678.8 DL 200 678.8 196 678.8 DL 204 -678.8 200 678.8 DL 208 678.8 204 678.8 DL 212 678.8 208 678.8 DL 216 678.8 212 -678.8 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(10)93.6 689.2 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .497 -(That is, it sets its ef)3.2 J(fecti)-.2 E .737 -.12(ve u)-.2 H .497 -(id to the real uid; thus, if you are e).12 F -.12(xe)-.12 G .497 -(cuting as root, as from root').12 F 2.497(sc)-.44 G .497 -(rontab \214le or during system)413.572 692.4 R -(startup the root permissions will still be honored.)72 702 Q EP -%%Page: 21 16 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-21)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -1.1(Yo)127 96 S 2.574(us)1.1 G -.074(hould be w)149.584 96 R .074(arned that internally)-.1 F(,)-.65 E/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.575 E F1 .075 -(applies ruleset 3 to all addresses.)2.575 F .075(In test mode)5.075 F -(you will ha)102 108 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.5(od).15 G 2.5(ot)173.87 108 S -(hat manually)184.15 108 Q 5(.F)-.65 G(or e)248.35 108 Q(xample, older v)-.15 E -(ersions allo)-.15 E(wed you to use)-.25 E 2.5(0b)142 124.2 S -(ruce@broadcast.son)154.5 124.2 Q -.65(y.)-.15 G(com).65 E(This v)102 140.4 Q -(ersion requires that you use:)-.15 E(3,0 bruce@broadcast.son)142 156.6 Q -.65 -(y.)-.15 G(com).65 E(As of v)127 177 Q(ersion 8.7, some other syntax)-.15 E -(es are a)-.15 E -.25(va)-.2 G(ilable in test mode:).25 E 5<832e>107 193.2 S -1.666(Dxv)118 193.2 S .328(alue de\214nes macro)-1.916 F F2(x)2.828 E F1 .328 -(to ha)2.828 F .628 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .328(he indicated).15 F F2(value)2.828 E F1 -5.328(.T)C .328(his is useful when deb)346.134 193.2 R .327(ugging rules that) --.2 F(use the)115.5 205.2 Q F0($&)2.5 E F2(x)A F1(syntax.)2.5 E 5<832e>107 -217.2 S 1.666(Ccv)118 217.2 S(alue adds the indicated)-1.916 E F2(value)2.5 E -F1(to class)2.5 E F2(c)2.5 E F1(.)A 5<832e>107 229.2 S 1.666(Sr)118 229.2 S -(uleset dumps the contents of the indicated ruleset.)-1.666 E 5<83ad>107 241.2 -S 1.666(dd)121.14 241.2 S(eb)-1.666 E(ug-spec is equi)-.2 E -.25(va)-.25 G -(lent to the command-line \215ag.).25 E F0 2.5(4. TUNING)72 265.2 R F1 1.922 -(There are a number of con\214guration parameters you may w)112 281.4 R 1.922 -(ant to change, depending on the)-.1 F .367(requirements of your site.)87 293.4 -R .366(Most of these are set using an option in the con\214guration \214le.) -5.367 F -.15(Fo)5.366 G 2.866(re).15 G(xample,)472.06 293.4 Q(the line \231O T) -87 305.4 Q(imeout.queuereturn=5d\232 sets option \231T)-.35 E -(imeout.queuereturn\232 to the v)-.35 E(alue \2315d\232 \(\214v)-.25 E 2.5(ed) --.15 G(ays\).)476.47 305.4 Q .735(Most of these options ha)112 321.6 R 1.035 --.15(ve a)-.2 H .735(ppropriate def).15 F .735(aults for most sites.)-.1 F(Ho) -5.735 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.535 -.4(r, s).15 H .735(ites ha).4 F .735 -(ving v)-.2 F .735(ery high)-.15 F .046(mail loads may \214nd the)87 333.6 R -2.546(yn)-.15 G .046(eed to tune them as appropriate for their mail load.) -193.47 333.6 R .045(In particular)5.045 F 2.545(,s)-.4 G .045(ites e)459.395 -333.6 R(xperi-)-.15 E 1.087(encing a lar)87 345.6 R 1.087 -(ge number of small messages, man)-.18 F 3.587(yo)-.15 G 3.588(fw)294.496 345.6 -S 1.088(hich are deli)308.634 345.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.088(red to man).15 F -3.588(yr)-.15 G 1.088(ecipients, may \214nd)425.994 345.6 R(that the)87 357.6 Q -2.5(yn)-.15 G(eed to adjust the parameters dealing with queue priorities.) -129.07 357.6 Q .524(All v)112 373.8 R .524(ersions of)-.15 F F2(sendmail)3.024 -E F1 .524(prior to 8.7 had single character option names.)3.024 F .523 -(As of 8.7, options ha)5.524 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.215 -(long \(multi-character names\).)87 385.8 R 1.216 -(Although old short names are still accepted, most ne)6.215 F 3.716(wo)-.25 G -1.216(ptions do not)449.338 385.8 R(ha)87 397.8 Q .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H(hort equi) -.15 E -.25(va)-.25 G(lents.).25 E .802 -(This section only describes the options you are most lik)112 414 R .802 -(ely to w)-.1 F .801(ant to tweak; read section 5 for)-.1 F(more details.)87 -426 Q F0 2.5(4.1. T)87 450 R(imeouts)-.18 E F1 .582(All time interv)127 466.2 R -.583(als are set using a scaled syntax.)-.25 F -.15(Fo)5.583 G 3.083(re).15 G -.583(xample, \23110m\232 represents ten minutes,)346.138 466.2 R -(whereas \2312h30m\232 represents tw)102 478.2 Q 2.5(oa)-.1 G(nd a half hours.) -241.3 478.2 Q(The full set of scales is:)5 E 16.11(ss)142 494.4 S(econds)165.89 -494.4 Q 12.22(mm)142 506.4 S(inutes)169.78 506.4 Q 15(hh)142 518.4 S(ours)167 -518.4 Q 15(dd)142 530.4 S(ays)167 530.4 Q 12.78(ww)142 542.4 S(eeks)169.22 -542.4 Q F0 2.5(4.1.1. Queue)102 570.6 R(inter)2.5 E -.1(va)-.1 G(l).1 E F1 .18 -(The ar)142 586.8 R .18(gument to the)-.18 F F0<ad71>2.68 E F1 .18 -(\215ag speci\214es ho)2.68 F 2.68(wo)-.25 G .18 -(ften a sub-daemon will run the queue.)319.25 586.8 R .18(This is)5.18 F .967 -(typically set to between \214fteen minutes and one hour)117 598.8 R 5.968(.R) --.55 G .968(FC 1123 section 5.3.1.1 recommends)350.968 598.8 R -(that this be at least 30 minutes.)117 610.8 Q F0 2.5(4.1.2. Read)102 634.8 R -(timeouts)2.5 E F1 -.35(Ti)142 651 S 1.053(meouts all ha).35 F 1.352 -.15(ve o) --.2 H 1.052(ption names \231T).15 F(imeout.)-.35 E F2(suboption)A F1 3.552 -(\232. The)B(recognized)3.552 E F2(suboption)3.552 E F1 1.052(s, their)B(def) -117 663 Q(ault v)-.1 E(alues, and the minimum v)-.25 E(alues allo)-.25 E -(wed by RFC 1123 section 5.3.2 are:)-.25 E 38.4(connect The)117 679.2 R .16 -(time to w)2.66 F .161(ait for an SMTP connection to open \(the)-.1 F F2 -(connect)2.661 E F1 .161(\(2\) system call\))B 1.154([0, unspeci\214ed].)189 -691.2 R 1.153(If zero, uses the k)6.153 F 1.153(ernel def)-.1 F 3.653(ault. In) --.1 F 1.153(no case can this option)3.653 F -.15(ex)189 703.2 S .518 -(tend the timeout longer than the k).15 F .518(ernel pro)-.1 F .519(vides, b) --.15 F .519(ut it can shorten it.)-.2 F(This)5.519 E .58(is to get around k)189 -715.2 R .579(ernels that pro)-.1 F .579 -(vide an absurdly long connection timeout \(90)-.15 F EP -%%Page: 22 17 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-22 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -(minutes in one case\).)189 96 Q 46.16(initial The)117 112.2 R -.1(wa)2.5 G -(it for the initial 220 greeting message [5m, 5m].).1 E 52.28(helo The)117 -128.4 R -.1(wa)4.226 G 1.727 -(it for a reply from a HELO or EHLO command [5m, unspeci\214ed].).1 F .1 -(This may require a host name lookup, so \214v)189 140.4 R 2.6(em)-.15 G .1 -(inutes is probably a reasonable)380.29 140.4 R(minimum.)189 152.4 Q 46.72 -(mail\207 The)117 168.6 R -.1(wa)2.5 G -(it for a reply from a MAIL command [10m, 5m].).1 E 48.95(rcpt\207 The)117 -184.8 R -.1(wa)3.481 G .981(it for a reply from a RCPT command [1h, 5m].).1 F -.982(This should be long)5.982 F 1.556 -(because it could be pointing at a list that tak)189 196.8 R 1.556 -(es a long time to e)-.1 F 1.556(xpand \(see)-.15 F(belo)189 208.8 Q(w\).)-.25 -E 34.5(datainit\207 The)117 225 R -.1(wa)2.5 G(it for a reply from a D).1 E --1.21 -1.11(AT A)-.4 H(command [5m, 2m].)3.61 E 25.62(datablock\207 The)117 -241.2 R -.1(wa)2.696 G .196 -(it for reading a data block \(that is, the body of the message\).).1 F .196 -([1h, 3m].)5.196 F .621 -(This should be long because it also applies to programs piping input to)189 -253.2 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(send-)3.12 E(mail)189 265.2 Q F1(which ha)2.5 E -.3 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.5(og).15 G(uarantee of promptness.)274.75 265.2 Q 30.06 -(data\214nal\207 The)117 281.4 R -.1(wa)2.806 G .306 -(it for a reply from the dot terminating a message.).1 F .306([1h, 10m].)5.306 -F .306(If this is)5.306 F .884 -(shorter than the time actually needed for the recei)189 293.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G -3.383(rt).15 G 3.383(od)412.881 293.4 S(eli)426.264 293.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G -3.383(rt).15 G .883(he message,)454.797 293.4 R(duplicates will be generated.) -189 305.4 Q(This is discussed in RFC 1047.)5 E 55.06(rset The)117 321.6 R -.1 -(wa)2.5 G(it for a reply from a RSET command [5m, unspeci\214ed].).1 E 53.94 -(quit The)117 337.8 R -.1(wa)2.5 G(it for a reply from a Q).1 E -(UIT command [2m, unspeci\214ed].)-.1 E 50.61(misc The)117 354 R -.1(wa)2.76 G -.261(it for a reply from miscellaneous \(b).1 F .261 -(ut short\) commands such as NOOP)-.2 F(\(no-operation\) and VERB \(go into v) -189 366 Q(erbose mode\).)-.15 E([2m, unspeci\214ed].)5 E 25.06(command\207 In) -117 382.2 R(serv)2.5 E(er SMTP)-.15 E 2.5(,t)-1.11 G(he time to w)259.4 382.2 Q -(ait for another command.)-.1 E([1h, 5m].)5 E 49.5(ident The)117 400.4 R -(timeout w)2.5 E(aiting for a reply to an IDENT query [30s)-.1 E/F3 7 -/Times-Roman@0 SF(11)413.86 396.4 Q F1 2.5(,u)420.86 400.4 S(nspeci\214ed].) -430.86 400.4 Q -.15(Fo)117 416.6 S 4.609(rc).15 G 2.109 -(ompatibility with old con\214guration \214les, if no)139.789 416.6 R F2 -(suboption)4.608 E F1 2.108(is speci\214ed, all the timeouts)4.608 F(mark)117 -428.6 Q(ed with \207 are set to the indicated v)-.1 E(alue.)-.25 E(Man)142 -444.8 Q 2.5(yo)-.15 G 2.5(ft)172.68 444.8 S(he RFC 1123 minimum v)181.29 444.8 -Q .001(alues may well be too short.)-.25 F F2(Sendmail)5.001 E F1 -.1(wa)2.501 -G 2.501(sd).1 G .001(esigned to)463.169 444.8 R .712 -(the RFC 822 protocols, which did not specify read timeouts; hence, v)117 456.8 -R .711(ersions of)-.15 F F2(sendmail)3.211 E F1(prior)3.211 E .864(to v)117 -468.8 R .865(ersion 8.1 did not guarantee to reply to messages promptly)-.15 F -5.865(.I)-.65 G 3.365(np)386.24 468.8 S(articular)399.605 468.8 Q 3.365(,a\231) --.4 G .865(RCPT\232 com-)450.635 468.8 R .061 -(mand specifying a mailing list will e)117 480.8 R .061(xpand and v)-.15 F .06 -(erify the entire list; a lar)-.15 F .06(ge list on a slo)-.18 F 2.56(ws)-.25 G -(ystem)480.11 480.8 Q .436(may easily tak)117 494.8 R 2.936(em)-.1 G .436 -(ore than \214v)190.698 494.8 R 2.936(em)-.15 G(inutes)252.126 494.8 Q F3(12) -276.016 490.8 Q F1 5.436(.I)283.016 494.8 S .435 -(recommend a one hour timeout \212 since a commu-)297.218 494.8 R 1.365 -(nications f)117 506.8 R 1.366(ailure during the RCPT phase is rare, a long ti\ -meout is not onerous and may ulti-)-.1 F(mately help reduce netw)117 518.8 Q -(ork load and duplicated messages.)-.1 E -.15(Fo)142 535 S 2.5(re).15 G -(xample, the lines:)162.53 535 Q 2.5(OT)157 551.2 S(imeout.command=25m)172.48 -551.2 Q 2.5(OT)157 563.2 S(imeout.datablock=3h)172.48 563.2 Q .344 -(sets the serv)117 579.4 R .344(er SMTP command timeout to 25 minutes and the \ -input data block timeout to three)-.15 F(hours.)117 591.4 Q F0 2.5 -(4.1.3. Message)102 615.4 R(timeouts)2.5 E F1 .237 -(After sitting in the queue for a fe)142 631.6 R 2.737(wd)-.25 G .237 -(ays, a message will time out.)289.726 631.6 R .238(This is to insure that at) -5.238 F .568(least the sender is a)117 643.6 R -.1(wa)-.15 G .568 -(re of the inability to send a message.).1 F .567 -(The timeout is typically set to \214v)5.568 F(e)-.15 E 2.599(days. It)117 -655.6 R .099(is sometimes considered con)2.599 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .099 -(nient to also send a w).15 F .1(arning message if the message is in)-.1 F .32 -LW 76 665.2 72 665.2 DL 80 665.2 76 665.2 DL 84 665.2 80 665.2 DL 88 665.2 84 -665.2 DL 92 665.2 88 665.2 DL 96 665.2 92 665.2 DL 100 665.2 96 665.2 DL 104 -665.2 100 665.2 DL 108 665.2 104 665.2 DL 112 665.2 108 665.2 DL 116 665.2 112 -665.2 DL 120 665.2 116 665.2 DL 124 665.2 120 665.2 DL 128 665.2 124 665.2 DL -132 665.2 128 665.2 DL 136 665.2 132 665.2 DL 140 665.2 136 665.2 DL 144 665.2 -140 665.2 DL 148 665.2 144 665.2 DL 152 665.2 148 665.2 DL 156 665.2 152 665.2 -DL 160 665.2 156 665.2 DL 164 665.2 160 665.2 DL 168 665.2 164 665.2 DL 172 -665.2 168 665.2 DL 176 665.2 172 665.2 DL 180 665.2 176 665.2 DL 184 665.2 180 -665.2 DL 188 665.2 184 665.2 DL 192 665.2 188 665.2 DL 196 665.2 192 665.2 DL -200 665.2 196 665.2 DL 204 665.2 200 665.2 DL 208 665.2 204 665.2 DL 212 665.2 -208 665.2 DL 216 665.2 212 665.2 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(11)93.6 675.6 Q/F5 8 -/Times-Roman@0 SF(On some systems the def)3.2 I -(ault is zero to turn the protocol of)-.08 E 2(fe)-.2 G(ntirely)293.848 678.8 Q -(.)-.52 E F4(12)93.6 689.2 Q F5 .212(This v)3.2 J .212 -(eri\214cation includes looking up e)-.12 F -.12(ve)-.2 G .212 -(ry address with the name serv).12 F .212(er; this in)-.12 F -.16(vo)-.32 G(lv) -.16 E .212(es netw)-.12 F .213(ork delays, and can in some cases)-.08 F -(can be considerable.)72 702 Q EP -%%Page: 23 18 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-23)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .176(the queue longer than a fe) -117 96 R 2.675(wh)-.25 G .175(ours \(assuming you normally ha)236.105 96 R .475 --.15(ve g)-.2 H .175(ood connecti).15 F .175(vity; if your mes-)-.25 F .645 -(sages normally took se)117 108 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .645(ral hours to send you w) -.15 F(ouldn')-.1 E 3.145(tw)-.18 G .645(ant to do this because it w)355.055 108 -R(ouldn')-.1 E 3.145(tb)-.18 G(e)499.56 108 Q 3.871(an unusual e)117 120 R -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 6.371(nt\). These).15 F 3.871(timeouts are set using the)6.371 F F0 --.18(Ti)6.371 G(meout.queuer).18 E(etur)-.18 E(n)-.15 E F1(and)6.371 E F0 -.18 -(Ti)6.37 G(me-).18 E(out.queuewar)117 132 Q(n)-.15 E F1 -(options in the con\214guration \214le \(pre)2.5 E -(viously both were set using the)-.25 E F0(T)2.5 E F1(option\).)2.5 E .106 -(Since these options are global, and since you can not kno)142 148.2 R(w)-.25 E -/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF 2.606(ap)2.606 G(riori)393.822 148.2 Q F1(ho)2.607 E -2.607(wl)-.25 G .107(ong another host)437.126 148.2 R .476 -(outside your domain will be do)117 160.2 R .475(wn, a \214v)-.25 F 2.975(ed) --.15 G .475(ay timeout is recommended.)291.785 160.2 R .475(This allo)5.475 F -.475(ws a recipient)-.25 F 1.579(to \214x the problem e)117 172.2 R -.15(ve) --.25 G 4.079(ni).15 G 4.079(fi)222.545 172.2 S 4.079(to)232.734 172.2 S 1.579 -(ccurs at the be)244.593 172.2 R 1.58(ginning of a long week)-.15 F 4.08 -(end. RFC)-.1 F 1.58(1123 section)4.08 F -(5.3.1.1 says that this parameter should be `)117 184.2 Q -(`at least 4\2555 days')-.74 E('.)-.74 E(The)142 200.4 Q F0 -.18(Ti)2.923 G -(meout.queuewar).18 E(n)-.15 E F1 -.25(va)2.923 G .423(lue can be piggyback).25 -F .422(ed on the)-.1 F F0(T)2.922 E F1 .422(option by indicating a time)2.922 F -.845(after which a w)117 212.4 R .845(arning message should be sent; the tw)-.1 -F 3.346(ot)-.1 G .846(imeouts are separated by a slash.)349.104 212.4 R -.15 -(Fo)5.846 G(r).15 E -.15(ex)117 224.4 S(ample, the line).15 E -.4(OT)157 240.6 -S(5d/4h).4 E .972(causes email to f)117 256.8 R .971(ail after \214v)-.1 F -3.471(ed)-.15 G .971(ays, b)245.329 256.8 R .971(ut a w)-.2 F .971 -(arning message will be sent after four hours.)-.1 F(This)5.971 E -(should be lar)117 268.8 Q(ge enough that the message will ha)-.18 E .3 -.15 -(ve b)-.2 H(een tried se).15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ral times.).15 E F0 2.5(4.2. F)87 -292.8 R(orking During Queue Runs)-.25 E F1 .848(By setting the)127 309 R F0 --.25(Fo)3.348 G(rkEachJ).25 E(ob)-.15 E F1(\()3.348 E F0(Y)A F1 3.348(\)o)C -(ption,)271.12 309 Q F2(sendmail)3.348 E F1 .849(will fork before each indi) -3.348 F .849(vidual message)-.25 F .293(while running the queue.)102 321 R .293 -(This will pre)5.293 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt).15 E F2(sendmail)2.793 E F1 .293 -(from consuming lar)2.793 F .293(ge amounts of memory)-.18 F 2.792(,s)-.65 G(o) -499 321 Q 1.11(it may be useful in memory-poor en)102 333 R 3.61 -(vironments. Ho)-.4 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.91 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.61(ft).4 G -(he)359.95 333 Q F0 -.25(Fo)3.61 G(rkEachJ).25 E(ob)-.15 E F1 1.11 -(option is not set,)3.61 F F2(sendmail)102 345 Q F1 .085(will k)2.585 F .085 -(eep track of hosts that are do)-.1 F .084 -(wn during a queue run, which can impro)-.25 F .384 -.15(ve p)-.15 H -(erformance).15 E(dramatically)102 357 Q(.)-.65 E(If the)127 373.2 Q F0 -.25 -(Fo)2.5 G(rkEachJ).25 E(ob)-.15 E F1(option is set,)2.5 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1 -(can not use connection caching.)2.5 E F0 2.5(4.3. Queue)87 397.2 R(Priorities) -2.5 E F1(Ev)127 413.4 Q 1.128(ery message is assigned a priority when it is \ -\214rst instantiated, consisting of the message)-.15 F .286 -(size \(in bytes\) of)102 425.4 R .286(fset by the message class \(which is de\ -termined from the Precedence: header\) times)-.25 F .342(the \231w)102 437.4 R -.342(ork class f)-.1 F .343 -(actor\232 and the number of recipients times the \231w)-.1 F .343 -(ork recipient f)-.1 F(actor)-.1 E 4.243 -.7(.\232 T)-.55 H .343(he priority).7 -F .073(is used to order the queue.)102 449.4 R .073 -(Higher numbers for the priority mean that the message will be processed)5.073 -F(later when running the queue.)102 461.4 Q .328 -(The message size is included so that lar)127 477.6 R .329 -(ge messages are penalized relati)-.18 F .629 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.829(os).15 G -.329(mall messages.)443.121 477.6 R .285(The message class allo)102 489.6 R -.285(ws users to send \231high priority\232 messages by including a \231Preced\ -ence:\232 \214eld)-.25 F .007(in their message; the v)102 501.6 R .007 -(alue of this \214eld is look)-.25 F .008(ed up in the)-.1 F F0(P)2.508 E F1 -.008(lines of the con\214guration \214le.)2.508 F .008(Since the)5.008 F 1.967 -(number of recipients af)102 513.6 R 1.967 -(fects the amount of load a message presents to the system, this is also)-.25 F -(included into the priority)102 525.6 Q(.)-.65 E .53(The recipient and class f) -127 541.8 R .53(actors can be set in the con\214guration \214le using the)-.1 F -F0(RecipientF)3.03 E(actor)-.25 E F1(\()102 553.8 Q F0(y)A F1 3.443(\)a)C(nd) -121.543 553.8 Q F0(ClassF)3.443 E(actor)-.25 E F1(\()3.442 E F0(z)A F1 3.442 -(\)o)C .942(ptions respecti)208.82 553.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.942(.T) --.65 G(he)298.534 553.8 Q 3.442(yd)-.15 G(ef)321.266 553.8 Q .942 -(ault to 30000 \(for the recipient f)-.1 F .942(actor\) and)-.1 F -(1800 \(for the class f)102 565.8 Q 2.5(actor\). The)-.1 F -(initial priority is:)2.5 E F2(pri)168.495 583.8 Q/F3 10/Symbol SF(=)3.16 E F2 -(msgsize)3.18 E F3(-)2.38 E F1(\()2.2 E F2(class).2 E F3<b4>2.47 E F0 -(ClassFactor\))2.2 E F3(+)2.2 E F1(\()2.2 E F2(nrcpt).36 E F3<b4>2.88 E F0 -(RecipientFactor\))2.2 E F1(\(Remember)102 601.8 Q 3.328(,h)-.4 G .828(igher v) -159.638 601.8 R .828 -(alues for this parameter actually mean that the job will be treated with lo) --.25 F(wer)-.25 E(priority)102 613.8 Q(.\))-.65 E 1.519(The priority of a job \ -can also be adjusted each time it is processed \(that is, each time an)127 630 -R .235(attempt is made to deli)102 642 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.736(ri).15 G .236 -(t\) using the \231w)211.938 642 R .236(ork time f)-.1 F(actor)-.1 E 1.636 -.7 -(,\232 s)-.4 H .236(et by the).7 F F0(RetryF)2.736 E(actor)-.25 E F1(\()2.736 E -F0(Z)A F1 2.736(\)o)C 2.736(ption. This)457.924 642 R .367 -(is added to the priority)102 654 R 2.867(,s)-.65 G 2.867(oi)202.625 654 S -2.867(tn)213.272 654 S .366 -(ormally decreases the precedence of the job, on the grounds that jobs)223.919 -654 R .137(that ha)102 666 R .437 -.15(ve f)-.2 H .137(ailed man).05 F 2.637 -(yt)-.15 G .137(imes will tend to f)193.598 666 R .137(ail ag)-.1 F .137 -(ain in the future.)-.05 F(The)5.137 E F0(RetryF)2.637 E(actor)-.25 E F1 .137 -(option def)2.637 F .138(aults to)-.1 F(90000.)102 678 Q EP -%%Page: 24 19 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-24 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(4.4. Load)87 96 R(Limiting)2.5 E/F1 -10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Sendmail)127 112.2 Q/F2 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .102 -(can be ask)2.602 F .101(ed to queue \(b)-.1 F .101(ut not deli)-.2 F -.15(ve) --.25 G .101(r\) mail if the system load a).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .101 -(rage gets too high).15 F .483(using the)102 124.2 R F0(QueueLA)2.983 E F2(\() -2.983 E F0(x)A F2 2.983(\)o)C 2.983(ption. When)206.152 124.2 R .483 -(the load a)2.983 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .483(rage e).15 F .483(xceeds the v)-.15 F -.484(alue of the)-.25 F F0(QueueLA)2.984 E F2(option,)2.984 E .532(the deli)102 -136.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .532(ry mode is set to).15 F F0(q)3.032 E F2 .532 -(\(queue only\) if the)3.032 F F0(QueueF)3.032 E(actor)-.25 E F2(\()3.032 E F0 -(q)A F2 3.032(\)o)C .531(ption di)379.066 136.2 R .531(vided by the dif)-.25 F -(ference)-.25 E .004(in the current load a)102 148.2 R -.15(ve)-.2 G .004 -(rage and the).15 F F0(QueueLA)2.504 E F2 .004(option plus one e)2.504 F .004 -(xceeds the priority of the message \212)-.15 F -(that is, the message is queued if)102 160.2 Q(f:)-.25 E F1(pri)251.425 183.61 -Q F2(>)3.16 E F0(QueueFactor)287.21 176.61 Q F1(LA)276.475 190.61 Q/F3 10 -/Symbol SF(-)2.23 E F0(QueueLA)2.2 E F3(+)2.2 E .4 LW 354.625 181.01 275.895 -181.01 DL F2(1)349.625 190.61 Q(The)102 206.87 Q F0(QueueF)2.616 E(actor)-.25 E -F2 .116(option def)2.616 F .116(aults to 600000, so each point of load a)-.1 F --.15(ve)-.2 G .116(rage is w).15 F .116(orth 600000 priority)-.1 F -(points \(as described abo)102 218.87 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E -.15(Fo)127 -235.07 S 3.893(rd).15 G 1.393(rastic cases, the)149.633 235.07 R F0(RefuseLA) -3.893 E F2(\()3.893 E F0(X)A F2 3.893(\)o)C 1.394(ption de\214nes a load a) -288.228 235.07 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.394(rage at which).15 F F1(sendmail)3.894 E F2 -(will)3.894 E .69(refuse to accept netw)102 247.07 R .689(ork connections.)-.1 -F .689(Locally generated mail \(including incoming UUCP mail\) is)5.689 F -(still accepted.)102 259.07 Q F0 2.5(4.5. Deli)87 283.07 R -.1(ve)-.1 G -(ry Mode).1 E F2 .253(There are a number of deli)127 299.27 R -.15(ve)-.25 G -.253(ry modes that).15 F F1(sendmail)2.753 E F2 .254 -(can operate in, set by the)2.753 F F0(Deli)2.754 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(ryMode).1 E F2 -(\()102 311.27 Q F0(d)A F2 3.599(\)c)C 1.099(on\214guration option.)122.259 -311.27 R 1.099(These modes specify ho)6.099 F 3.598(wq)-.25 G 1.098 -(uickly mail will be deli)324.142 311.27 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.598(red. Le).15 F --.05(ga)-.15 G 3.598(lm).05 G(odes)485.67 311.27 Q(are:)102 323.27 Q 17.22(id) -142 339.47 S(eli)167 339.47 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G(nteracti)194.65 -339.47 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly \(synchronously\)).15 E 15(bd)142 351.47 S(eli)167 -351.47 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G 2.5(nb)194.65 351.47 S -(ackground \(asynchronously\))207.15 351.47 Q 15(qq)142 363.47 S -(ueue only \(don')167 363.47 Q 2.5(td)-.18 G(eli)240.42 363.47 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G -(r\)).15 E 15(dd)142 375.47 S(efer delv)167 375.47 Q(ery attempts \(don')-.15 E -2.5(td)-.18 G(eli)285.53 375.47 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(r\)).15 E 1.273 -(There are tradeof)102 391.67 R 3.773(fs. Mode)-.25 F 1.273(\231i\232 gi)3.773 -F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.773(st).15 G 1.273(he sender the quick)258.938 391.67 R -1.273(est feedback, b)-.1 F 1.274(ut may slo)-.2 F 3.774(wd)-.25 G -.25(ow) -462.146 391.67 S 3.774(ns).25 G(ome)486.78 391.67 Q .799 -(mailers and is hardly e)102 403.67 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.299(rn).15 G(ecessary) -216.405 403.67 Q 5.799(.M)-.65 G .799(ode \231b\232 deli)266.814 403.67 R -.15 -(ve)-.25 G .799(rs promptly b).15 F .798(ut can cause lar)-.2 F .798 -(ge numbers of)-.18 F .223(processes if you ha)102 415.67 R .524 -.15(ve a m) --.2 H .224(ailer that tak).15 F .224(es a long time to deli)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 -G 2.724(ram).15 G 2.724(essage. Mode)370.904 415.67 R .224 -(\231q\232 minimizes the)2.724 F .597(load on your machine, b)102 427.67 R .597 -(ut means that deli)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .596 -(ry may be delayed for up to the queue interv).15 F 3.096(al. Mode)-.25 F .039 -(\231d\232 is identical to mode \231q\232 e)102 439.67 R .039 -(xcept that it also pre)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .04 -(nts all the early map lookups from w).15 F .04(orking; it is)-.1 F .086 -(intended for `)102 451.67 R .086(`dial on demand')-.74 F 2.586('s)-.74 G .085 -(ites where DNS lookups might cost real mone)233.42 451.67 R 3.885 -.65(y. S) --.15 H .085(ome simple error).65 F .817(messages \(e.g., host unkno)102 463.67 -R .817(wn during the SMTP protocol\) will be delayed using this mode.)-.25 F -(Mode)5.818 E(\231b\232 is the usual def)102 475.67 Q(ault.)-.1 E .052(If you \ -run in mode \231q\232 \(queue only\), \231d\232 \(defer\), or \231b\232 \(deli) -127 491.87 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.552(ri).15 G 2.552(nb)389.136 491.87 S -(ackground\))401.688 491.87 Q F1(sendmail)2.551 E F2(will)2.551 E 1.391(not e) -102 503.87 R 1.392(xpand aliases and follo)-.15 F 3.892(w.)-.25 G(forw)232.428 -503.87 Q 1.392(ard \214les upon initial receipt of the mail.)-.1 F 1.392 -(This speeds up the)6.392 F(response to RCPT commands.)102 515.87 Q -(Mode \231i\232 cannot be used by the SMTP serv)5 E(er)-.15 E(.)-.55 E F0 2.5 -(4.6. Log)87 539.87 R(Le)2.5 E -.1(ve)-.15 G(l).1 E F2 .19(The le)127 556.07 R --.15(ve)-.25 G 2.69(lo).15 G 2.69(fl)171.97 556.07 S .19(ogging can be set for) -180.77 556.07 R F1(sendmail)2.689 E F2 5.189(.T)C .189(he def)317.996 556.07 R -.189(ault using a standard con\214guration table)-.1 F(is le)102 568.07 Q -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l9).15 G 5(.T)137.71 568.07 S(he le)151.32 568.07 Q -.15(ve)-.25 -G(ls are as follo).15 E(ws:)-.25 E 31(0N)102 584.27 S 2.5(ol)145.22 584.27 S -(ogging.)155.5 584.27 Q 31(1S)102 600.47 S(erious system f)143.56 600.47 Q -(ailures and potential security problems.)-.1 E 31(2L)102 616.67 S -(ost communications \(netw)144.11 616.67 Q(ork problems\) and protocol f)-.1 E -(ailures.)-.1 E 31(3O)102 632.87 S(ther serious f)145.22 632.87 Q(ailures.)-.1 -E 31(4M)102 649.07 S(inor f)146.89 649.07 Q(ailures.)-.1 E 31(5M)102 665.27 S -(essage collection statistics.)146.89 665.27 Q 31(6C)102 681.47 S -(reation of error messages, VRFY and EXPN commands.)144.67 681.47 Q 31(7D)102 -697.67 S(eli)145.22 697.67 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry f).15 E -(ailures \(host or user unkno)-.1 E(wn, etc.\).)-.25 E 31(8S)102 713.87 S -(uccessful deli)143.56 713.87 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ries and alias database reb).15 -E(uilds.)-.2 E EP -%%Page: 25 20 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-25)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 31(9M)102 96 S -(essages being deferred \(due to a host being do)146.89 96 Q(wn, etc.\).)-.25 E -23.5(10 Database)102 112.2 R -.15(ex)2.5 G(pansion \(alias, forw).15 E -(ard, and userdb lookups\).)-.1 E 23.5(20 Logs)102 128.4 R .603 -(attempts to run lock)3.102 F .603(ed queue \214les.)-.1 F .603 -(These are not errors, b)5.603 F .603(ut can be useful to note if)-.2 F -(your queue appears to be clogged.)138 140.4 Q 23.5(30 Lost)102 156.6 R -(locks \(only if using lockf instead of \215ock\).)2.5 E(Additionally)102 172.8 -Q 2.717(,v)-.65 G .217(alues abo)161.877 172.8 R .516 -.15(ve 6)-.15 H 2.716 -(4a).15 G .216(re reserv)228.596 172.8 R .216(ed for e)-.15 F .216(xtremely v) --.15 F .216(erbose deb)-.15 F .216(ugging output.)-.2 F .216(No normal site) -5.216 F -.1(wo)102 184.8 S(uld e).1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rs).15 G(et these.) -152.6 184.8 Q F0 2.5(4.7. File)87 208.8 R(Modes)2.5 E F1 .264 -(The modes used for \214les depend on what functionality you w)127 225 R .264 -(ant and the le)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.764(lo).15 G 2.764(fs)448.482 225 S .264 -(ecurity you)458.466 225 R(require.)102 237 Q F0 2.5(4.7.1. T)102 261 R 2.5(os) --.92 G(uid or not to suid?)146.64 261 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Sendmail)142 -277.2 Q F1 .934(can safely be made setuid to root.)3.434 F .934 -(At the point where it is about to)5.934 F F2 -.2(ex)3.433 G(ec).2 E F1 .933 -(\(2\) a)1.666 F(mailer)117 289.2 Q 2.582(,i)-.4 G 2.582(tc)150.012 289.2 S -.082(hecks to see if the userid is zero; if so, it resets the userid and group\ -id to a def)159.814 289.2 R .083(ault \(set)-.1 F .577(by the)117 301.2 R F0(u) -3.077 E F1(and)3.077 E F0(g)3.077 E F1 3.077(options\). \(This)3.077 F .576 -(can be o)3.076 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .576(rridden by setting the).15 F F0(S)3.076 E -F1 .576(\215ag to the mailer for mailers)3.076 F 1.531 -(that are trusted and must be called as root.\))117 313.2 R(Ho)6.531 E(we)-.25 -E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.331 -.4(r, t).15 H 1.532 -(his will cause mail processing to be).4 F(accounted \(using)117 325.2 Q F2(sa) -2.5 E F1(\(8\)\) to root rather than to the user sending the mail.)1.666 E .339 -(If you don')142 341.4 R 2.839(tm)-.18 G(ak)200.887 341.4 Q(e)-.1 E F2 -(sendmail)2.839 E F1 .339(setuid to root, it will still run b)2.839 F .339 -(ut you lose a lot of functional-)-.2 F .007(ity and a lot of pri)117 353.4 R --.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G 2.507(,s)-.5 G .008(ince you')215.452 353.4 R .008 -(ll ha)-.1 F .308 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.508(om).15 G(ak)300.024 353.4 Q 2.508(et) --.1 G .008(he queue directory w)319.092 353.4 R .008(orld readable.)-.1 F -1.1 -(Yo)5.008 G 2.508(uc)1.1 G(ould)486.22 353.4 Q .501(also mak)117 365.4 R(e)-.1 -E F2(sendmail)3.001 E F1 .501(setuid to some pseudo-user \(e.g., create a user\ - called \231sendmail\232 and mak)3.001 F(e)-.1 E F2(sendmail)117 377.4 Q F1 -1.533(setuid to that\) which will \214x the pri)4.033 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.834 --.15(cy p).25 H 1.534(roblems b).15 F 1.534(ut not the functionality issues.) --.2 F .642(Also, this isn')117 389.4 R 3.142(tag)-.18 G .641 -(uarantee of security: for e)192.448 389.4 R .641 -(xample, root occasionally sends mail, and the dae-)-.15 F -(mon often runs as root.)117 401.4 Q F0 2.5(4.7.2. Should)102 425.4 R -(my alias database be writable?)2.5 E F1 .058(At Berk)142 441.6 R(ele)-.1 E -2.558(yw)-.15 G 2.558(eh)200.186 441.6 S -2.25 -.2(av e)212.184 441.6 T .058 -(the alias database \(/etc/aliases*\) mode 644.)2.758 F .058 -(While this is not as \215e)5.058 F(x-)-.15 E 1.719 -(ible as if the database were more 666, it a)117 453.6 R -.2(vo)-.2 G 1.718 -(ids potential security problems with a globally).2 F(writable database.)117 -465.6 Q 1.19(The database that)142 481.8 R F2(sendmail)3.69 E F1 1.191 -(actually used is represented by the tw)3.691 F 3.691<6f8c>-.1 G(les)429.118 -481.8 Q F2(aliases.dir)3.691 E F1(and)3.691 E F2(aliases.pa)117 493.8 Q(g)-.1 E -F1 .159(\(both in /etc\) \(or)2.659 F F2(aliases.db)2.659 E F1 .159 -(if you are running with the ne)2.659 F 2.658(wB)-.25 G(erk)412.854 493.8 Q -(ele)-.1 E 2.658(yd)-.15 G .158(atabase prim-)449.692 493.8 R(iti)117 505.8 Q --.15(ve)-.25 G 3.606(s\). The).15 F 1.107 -(mode on these \214les should match the mode on /etc/aliases.)3.606 F(If)6.107 -E F2(aliases)3.607 E F1 1.107(is writable)3.607 F 1.624(and the DBM \214les \() -117 517.8 R F2(aliases.dir)A F1(and)4.124 E F2(aliases.pa)4.124 E(g)-.1 E F1 -4.124(\)a)C 1.624(re not, users will be unable to re\215ect their)324.648 517.8 -R .719(desired changes through to the actual database.)117 529.8 R(Ho)5.719 E -(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.519 -.4(r, i).15 H(f).4 E F2(aliases)3.219 E F1 .72 -(is read-only and the DBM)3.219 F(\214les are writable, a slightly sophisticat\ -ed user can arrange to steal mail an)117 541.8 Q(yw)-.15 E(ay)-.1 E(.)-.65 E -.621(If your DBM \214les are not writable by the w)142 558 R .62 -(orld or you do not ha)-.1 F .92 -.15(ve a)-.2 H(uto-reb).15 E .62 -(uild enabled)-.2 F 3.028(\(with the)117 570 R F0 -.5(Au)5.528 G(toReb).5 E -(uildAliases)-.2 E F1 3.028 -(option\), then you must be careful to reconstruct the alias)5.528 F -(database each time you change the te)117 582 Q(xt v)-.15 E(ersion:)-.15 E(ne) -157 598.2 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E(If this step is ignored or for)117 614.4 -Q(gotten an)-.18 E 2.5(yi)-.15 G(ntended changes will also be ignored or for) -273.32 614.4 Q(gotten.)-.18 E F0 2.5(4.8. Connection)87 638.4 R(Caching)2.5 E -F1 .642(When processing the queue,)127 654.6 R F2(sendmail)3.142 E F1 .642 -(will try to k)3.142 F .642(eep the last fe)-.1 F 3.142(wo)-.25 G .642 -(pen connections open to)405.144 654.6 R -.2(avo)102 666.6 S -(id startup and shutdo).2 E(wn costs.)-.25 E -(This only applies to IPC connections.)5 E .286 -(When trying to open a connection the cache is \214rst searched.)127 682.8 R -.287(If an open connection is found,)5.286 F .92 -(it is probed to see if it is still acti)102 694.8 R 1.22 -.15(ve b)-.25 H 3.42 -(ys).15 G .92(ending a)270.892 694.8 R/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(NOOP)3.42 E F1 -3.42(command. It)3.42 F .92(is not an error if this f)3.42 F(ails;)-.1 E -(instead, the connection is closed and reopened.)102 706.8 Q EP -%%Page: 26 21 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-26 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -1 -.8(Tw o)127 -96 T .408(parameters control the connection cache.)3.708 F(The)5.408 E F0 -(ConnectionCacheSize)2.908 E F1(\()2.908 E F0(k)A F1 2.908(\)o)C .408 -(ption de\214nes)452.202 96 R .145 -(the number of simultaneous open connections that will be permitted.)102 108 R -.145(If it is set to zero, connections)5.145 F .212 -(will be closed as quickly as possible.)102 120 R .212(The def)5.212 F .212 -(ault is one.)-.1 F .213(This should be set as appropriate for your)5.212 F .63 -(system size; it will limit the amount of system resources that)102 132 R/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.129 E F1 .629(will use during queue runs.)3.129 F -(Ne)102 144 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rs).15 G(et this higher than 4.)132.42 144 Q -(The)127 160.2 Q F0(ConnectionCacheT)2.74 E(imeout)-.18 E F1(\()2.741 E F0(K)A -F1 2.741(\)o)C .241(ption speci\214es the maximum time that an)281.692 160.2 R -2.741(yc)-.15 G .241(ached con-)460.169 160.2 R .9 -(nection will be permitted to idle.)102 172.2 R .899(When the idle time e)5.9 F -.899(xceeds this v)-.15 F .899(alue the connection is closed.)-.25 F .34 -(This number should be small \(under ten minutes\) to pre)102 184.2 R -.15(ve) --.25 G .34(nt you from grabbing too man).15 F 2.84(yr)-.15 G(esources)469.57 -184.2 Q(from other hosts.)102 196.2 Q(The def)5 E(ault is \214v)-.1 E 2.5(em) --.15 G(inutes.)257.57 196.2 Q F0 2.5(4.9. Name)87 220.2 R(Ser)2.5 E -.1(ve)-.1 -G 2.5(rA).1 G(ccess)172.33 220.2 Q F1 .104 -(Control of host address lookups is set by the)127 236.4 R F0(hosts)2.604 E F1 -.103(service entry in your service switch \214le.)2.603 F(If)5.103 E .99 -(you are on a system that has b)102 248.4 R .99 -(uilt-in service switch support \(e.g., Ultrix, Solaris, or DEC OSF/1\))-.2 F -.336(then your system is probably con\214gured properly already)102 260.4 R -5.335(.O)-.65 G(therwise,)347.885 260.4 Q F2(sendmail)2.835 E F1 .335 -(will consult the \214le)2.835 F F0(/etc/ser)102 272.4 Q(vice.switch)-.1 E F1 -2.5(,w)C(hich should be created.)191.04 272.4 Q F2(Sendmail)5 E F1 -(only uses tw)2.5 E 2.5(oe)-.1 G(ntries:)389.8 272.4 Q F0(hosts)2.5 E F1(and) -2.5 E F0(aliases)2.5 E F1(.)A(Ho)127 288.6 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .908 -.4 -(r, s).15 H .108(ome systems \(such as SunOS\) will do DNS lookups re).4 F -.05 -(ga)-.15 G .108(rdless of the setting of the).05 F 1.558(service switch entry) -102 300.6 R 6.558(.I)-.65 G 4.058(np)196.834 300.6 S(articular)210.892 300.6 Q -4.058(,t)-.4 G 1.558(he system routine)253.15 300.6 R F2 -.1(ge)4.058 G -(thostbyname).1 E F1 1.558(\(3\) is used to look up host)B .461(names, and man) -102 312.6 R 2.961(yv)-.15 G .461(endor v)180.293 312.6 R .461 -(ersions try some combination of DNS, NIS, and \214le lookup in /etc/hosts)-.15 -F .537(without consulting a service switch.)102 324.6 R F2(Sendmail)5.537 E F1 -(mak)3.037 E .536(es no attempt to w)-.1 F .536(ork around this problem, and) --.1 F .27(the DNS lookup will be done an)102 336.6 R(yw)-.15 E(ay)-.1 E 5.27 -(.I)-.65 G 2.77(fy)264.36 336.6 S .271(ou do not ha)275.46 336.6 R .571 -.15 -(ve a n)-.2 H(ameserv).15 E .271(er con\214gured at all, such as at)-.15 F -2.855(aU)102 348.6 S .355(UCP-only site,)116.515 348.6 R F2(sendmail)2.855 E F1 -.354 -(will get a \231connection refused\232 message when it tries to connect to the) -2.855 F .622(name serv)102 360.6 R(er)-.15 E 5.622(.I)-.55 G 3.122(ft)161.964 -360.6 S(he)171.196 360.6 Q F0(hosts)3.122 E F1 .623 -(switch entry has the service \231dns\232 listed some)3.122 F .623 -(where in the list,)-.25 F F2(sendmail)3.123 E F1 .912 -(will interpret this to mean a temporary f)102 372.6 R .912 -(ailure and will queue the mail for later processing; other)-.1 F(-)-.2 E -(wise, it ignores the name serv)102 384.6 Q(er data.)-.15 E .672 -(The same technique is used to decide whether to do MX lookups.)127 400.8 R -.673(If you w)5.673 F .673(ant MX support,)-.1 F(you)102 412.8 Q F2(must)2.5 E -F1(ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve \231)-.2 H(dns\232 listed as a service in the).15 E F0 -(hosts)2.5 E F1(switch entry)2.5 E(.)-.65 E(The)127 429 Q F0(Resolv)3.87 E -(erOptions)-.1 E F1(\()3.87 E F0(I)A F1 3.869(\)o)C 1.369(ption allo)240.719 -429 R 1.369(ws you to tweak name serv)-.25 F 1.369(er options.)-.15 F 1.369 -(The command)6.369 F .892(line tak)102 441 R .892 -(es a series of \215ags as documented in)-.1 F F2 -.37(re)3.392 G(solver).37 E -F1 .892(\(3\) \(with the leading \231RES_\232 deleted\).)B(Each)5.892 E -(can be preceded by an optional `+' or `)102 453 Q/F3 10/Symbol SF(-)A F1 2.5 -('. F)B(or e)-.15 E(xample, the line)-.15 E 2.5(OR)142 469.2 S(esolv)158.39 -469.2 Q(erOptions=+AA)-.15 E(ONL)-.55 E(Y)-1 E F3(-)2.5 E F1(DNSRCH)A .862 -(turns on the AA)102 485.4 R(ONL)-.55 E 3.362(Y\()-1 G .862(accept authoritati) -201.658 485.4 R 1.162 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .861(nswers only\) and turns of).15 F -3.361(ft)-.25 G .861(he DNSRCH \(search the)402.827 485.4 R 2.039 -(domain path\) options.)102 497.4 R 2.039(Most resolv)7.039 F 2.039 -(er libraries def)-.15 F 2.039(ault DNSRCH, DEFN)-.1 F 2.039(AMES, and RECURSE) --.35 F .503(\215ags on and all others of)102 509.4 R 3.003(f. Y)-.25 F .503 -(ou can also include \231HasW)-1.1 F .503 -(ildcardMX\232 to specify that there is a wild-)-.4 F 1.972 -(card MX record matching your domain; this turns of)102 521.4 R 4.472(fM)-.25 G -4.473(Xm)344.188 521.4 S 1.973(atching when canonifying names,)363.661 521.4 R -(which can lead to inappropriate canoni\214cations.)102 533.4 Q -1.11(Ve)127 -549.6 S 2.257(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.757(l1c).15 G 2.256 -(on\214gurations turn DNSRCH and DEFN)200.301 549.6 R 2.256(AMES of)-.35 F -4.756(fw)-.25 G 2.256(hen doing deli)424.898 549.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E -2.06(lookups, b)102 561.6 R 2.06(ut lea)-.2 F 2.36 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.06 -(hem on e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.06(rywhere else.).15 F -1.11(Ve)7.06 G 2.06 -(rsion 8 of)1.11 F F2(sendmail)4.56 E F1 2.06(ignores them when doing)4.56 F -.313(canoni\214cation lookups \(that is, when using $[ ... $]\), and al)102 -573.6 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .313(ys does the search.).1 F .313(If you don')5.313 F -2.812(tw)-.18 G(ant)491.78 573.6 Q(to do automatic name e)102 585.6 Q -(xtension, don')-.15 E 2.5(tc)-.18 G(all $[ ... $].)261.93 585.6 Q .485 -(The search rules for $[ ... $] are some)127 601.8 R .485(what dif)-.25 F .485 -(ferent than usual.)-.25 F .486(If the name being look)5.485 F .486(ed up)-.1 F -.11(has at least one dot, it al)102 613.8 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .11 -(ys tries the unmodi\214ed name \214rst.).1 F .109(If that f)5.109 F .109 -(ails, it tries the reduced search)-.1 F .124 -(path, and lastly tries the unmodi\214ed name \(b)102 625.8 R .124 -(ut only for names without a dot, since names with a dot)-.2 F(ha)102 637.8 Q -.789 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .489(lready been tried\).).15 F .489(This allo)5.489 F -.489(ws names such as `)-.25 F(`utc.CS')-.74 E 2.989('t)-.74 G 2.988(om)362.81 -637.8 S .488(atch the site in Czechoslo)378.578 637.8 R -.25(va)-.15 G(kia).25 -E 1.587(rather than the site in your local Computer Science department.)102 -649.8 R 1.588(It also prefers A and CN)6.587 F(AME)-.35 E .513(records o)102 -661.8 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.013(rM).15 G 3.013(Xr)163.816 661.8 S .513 -(ecords \212 that is, if it \214nds an MX record it mak)177.379 661.8 R .512 -(es note of it, b)-.1 F .512(ut k)-.2 F .512(eeps looking.)-.1 F 1.541(This w) -102 673.8 R(ay)-.1 E 4.041(,i)-.65 G 4.041(fy)149.052 673.8 S 1.541(ou ha) -161.423 673.8 R 1.841 -.15(ve a w)-.2 H 1.541 -(ildcard MX record matching your domain, it will not assume that all).15 F -(names match.)102 685.8 Q 3.454 -.8(To c)127 702 T 1.853(ompletely turn of).8 F -4.353(fa)-.25 G 1.853(ll name serv)231.123 702 R 1.853 -(er access on systems without service switch support)-.15 F .578 -(\(such as SunOS\) you will ha)102 714 R .878 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 3.078(or).15 G -.579(ecompile with \255DN)245.406 714 R .579(AMED_BIND=0 and remo)-.35 F .879 --.15(ve \255)-.15 H .579(lresolv from).15 F EP -%%Page: 27 22 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-27)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -(the list of libraries to be searched when linking.)102 96 Q F0 2.5(4.10. Mo)87 -120 R(ving the P)-.1 E(er)-.2 E(-User F)-.37 E(orward Files)-.25 E F1 .772 -(Some sites mount each user')127 136.2 R 3.272(sh)-.55 G .772 -(ome directory from a local disk on their w)256.13 136.2 R .772 -(orkstation, so that)-.1 F .575(local access is f)102 148.2 R 3.075(ast. Ho)-.1 -F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.375 -.4(r, t).15 H .575(he result is that .forw).4 -F .575(ard \214le lookups are slo)-.1 F 4.376 -.65(w. I)-.25 H 3.076(ns).65 G -.576(ome cases, mail)439.248 148.2 R .216(can e)102 160.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G -2.716(nb).15 G 2.716(ed)144.792 160.2 S(eli)156.948 160.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .216 -(red on machines inappropriately because of a \214le serv).15 F .216 -(er being do)-.15 F 2.716(wn. The)-.25 F(perfor)2.716 E(-)-.2 E -(mance can be especially bad if you run the automounter)102 172.2 Q(.)-.55 E -(The)127 188.4 Q F0 -.25(Fo)2.743 G(rwardP).25 E(ath)-.1 E F1(\()2.743 E F0(J)A -F1 2.743(\)o)C .243(ption allo)224.859 188.4 R .243 -(ws you to set a path of forw)-.25 F .243(ard \214les.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)5.243 G -2.743(re).15 G .244(xample, the con-)436.582 188.4 R(\214g \214le line)102 -200.4 Q 2.5(OF)142 216.6 S(orw)157.13 216.6 Q(ardP)-.1 E(ath=/v)-.15 E(ar/forw) --.25 E(ard/$u:$z/.forw)-.1 E(ard.$w)-.1 E -.1(wo)102 232.8 S .208 -(uld \214rst look for a \214le with the same name as the user').1 F 2.707(sl) --.55 G .207(ogin in /v)343.191 232.8 R(ar/forw)-.25 E .207 -(ard; if that is not found)-.1 F 1.17(\(or is inaccessible\) the \214le `)102 -244.8 R(`.forw)-.74 E(ard.)-.1 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(mac)A(hinename)-.15 E -F1 2.651 -.74('' i)D 3.671(nt).74 G 1.171(he user')337.014 244.8 R 3.671(sh) --.55 G 1.171(ome directory is searched.)382.126 244.8 R(A)6.171 E(truly perv) -102 256.8 Q(erse site could also search by sender by using $r)-.15 E 2.5(,$)-.4 -G(s, or $f.)343.07 256.8 Q .69(If you create a directory such as /v)127 273 R -(ar/forw)-.25 E .69(ard, it should be mode 1777 \(that is, the stick)-.1 F 3.19 -(yb)-.15 G(it)498.44 273 Q(should be set\).)102 285 Q -(Users should create the \214les mode 644.)5 E F0 2.5(4.11. Fr)87 309 R -(ee Space)-.18 E F1 1.405(On systems that ha)127 325.2 R 1.705 -.15(ve o)-.2 H -1.405(ne of the system calls in the).15 F F2(statfs)3.906 E F1 1.406(\(2\) f)B -1.406(amily \(including)-.1 F F2(statvfs)3.906 E F1(and)3.906 E F2(ustat)102 -337.2 Q F1 .839(\), you can specify a minimum number of free blocks on the que\ -ue \214lesystem using the)B F0(Min-)3.339 E(Fr)102 349.2 Q(eeBlocks)-.18 E F1 -(\()2.553 E F0(b)A F1 2.553(\)o)C 2.553(ption. If)171.916 349.2 R .053 -(there are fe)2.553 F .053 -(wer than the indicated number of blocks free on the \214lesystem)-.25 F 1.355 -(on which the queue is mounted the SMTP serv)102 361.2 R 1.355 -(er will reject mail with the 452 error code.)-.15 F(This)6.354 E(in)102 373.2 -Q(vites the SMTP client to try ag)-.4 E(ain later)-.05 E(.)-.55 E(Be)127 389.4 -Q -.1(wa)-.25 G .746(re of setting this option too high; it can cause rejectio\ -n of email when that mail w).1 F(ould)-.1 E(be processed without dif)102 401.4 -Q(\214culty)-.25 E(.)-.65 E F0 2.5(4.12. Maximum)87 425.4 R(Message Size)2.5 E -F1 2.078 -.8(To a)127 441.6 T -.2(vo).6 G .478(id o).2 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(r\215o) -.15 E .478(wing your system with a lar)-.25 F .478(ge message, the)-.18 F F0 -(MaxMessageSize)2.977 E F1 .477(option can be)2.977 F .692 -(set to set an absolute limit on the size of an)102 453.6 R 3.193(yo)-.15 G -.693(ne message.)294.176 453.6 R .693(This will be adv)5.693 F .693 -(ertised in the ESMTP)-.15 F(dialogue and check)102 465.6 Q -(ed during message collection.)-.1 E F0 2.5(4.13. Pri)87 489.6 R -.1(va)-.1 G -(cy Flags).1 E F1(The)127 505.8 Q F0(Pri)2.96 E -.1(va)-.1 G(cyOptions).1 E F1 -(\()2.96 E F0(p)A F1 2.96(\)o)C .46(ption allo)235.12 505.8 R .46 -(ws you to set certain `)-.25 F(`pri)-.74 E -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G 1.94 --.74('' \215).15 H 2.96(ags. Actually).74 F 2.96(,m)-.65 G(an)478.42 505.8 Q -2.96(yo)-.15 G(f)500.67 505.8 Q .533(them don')102 517.8 R 3.033(tg)-.18 G --2.15 -.25(iv e)153.996 517.8 T .533(you an)3.283 F 3.034(ye)-.15 G .534 -(xtra pri)208.496 517.8 R -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G 3.034(,r)-.5 G .534 -(ather just insisting that client SMTP serv)264.634 517.8 R .534 -(ers use the HELO)-.15 F 2.87 -(command before using certain commands or adding e)102 529.8 R 2.87 -(xtra headers to indicate possible spoof)-.15 F(attempts.)102 541.8 Q .123 -(The option tak)127 558 R .124(es a series of \215ag names; the \214nal pri)-.1 -F -.25(va)-.25 G .424 -.15(cy i).25 H 2.624(st).15 G .124(he inclusi)367.706 -558 R .424 -.15(ve o)-.25 H 2.624(ro).15 G 2.624(ft)434.058 558 S .124 -(hose \215ags.)442.792 558 R -.15(Fo)5.124 G(r).15 E -.15(ex)102 570 S(ample:) -.15 E 2.5(OP)142 586.2 S(ri)157.28 586.2 Q -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G -(Options=needmailhelo, noe).15 E(xpn)-.15 E .928(insists that the HELO or EHLO\ - command be used before a MAIL command is accepted and dis-)102 602.4 R -(ables the EXPN command.)102 614.4 Q -(The \215ags are detailed in section 5.1.6.)127 630.6 Q F0 2.5(4.14. Send)87 -654.6 R(to Me T)2.5 E(oo)-.92 E F1(Normally)127 670.8 Q(,)-.65 E F2(sendmail) -3.423 E F1 .923(deletes the \(en)3.423 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .923 -(lope\) sender from an).15 F 3.423(yl)-.15 G .924(ist e)375.484 670.8 R 3.424 -(xpansions. F)-.15 F .924(or e)-.15 F .924(xample, if)-.15 F .761(\231matt\232\ - sends to a list that contains \231matt\232 as one of the members he w)102 -682.8 R(on')-.1 E 3.261(tg)-.18 G .761(et a cop)416.705 682.8 R 3.261(yo)-.1 G -3.261(ft)462.488 682.8 S .761(he mes-)471.859 682.8 R 2.882(sage. If)102 694.8 -R(the)2.882 E F0<ad6d>2.882 E F1 .383 -(\(me too\) command line \215ag, or if the)2.882 F F0(MeT)2.883 E(oo)-.92 E F1 -(\()2.883 E F0(m)A F1 2.883(\)o)C .383(ption is set in the con\214guration) -377.915 694.8 R(\214le, this beha)102 706.8 Q(viour is suppressed.)-.2 E -(Some sites lik)5 E 2.5(et)-.1 G 2.5(or)305.31 706.8 S(un the)316.14 706.8 Q/F3 -9/Times-Roman@0 SF(SMTP)2.5 E F1(daemon with)2.5 E F0<ad6d>2.5 E F1(.)A EP -%%Page: 28 23 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-28 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(5. THE)72 96 R -(WHOLE SCOOP ON THE CONFIGURA)2.5 E(TION FILE)-.95 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -(This section describes the con\214guration \214le in detail.)112 112.2 Q .648 -(There is one point that should be made clear immediately: the syntax of the c\ -on\214guration \214le is)112 128.4 R 1.076 -(designed to be reasonably easy to parse, since this is done e)87 140.4 R -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 1.077(ry time).15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.577 E F1 -1.077(starts up, rather than)3.577 F(easy for a human to read or write.)87 -152.4 Q -(On the \231future project\232 list is a con\214guration-\214le compiler)5 E(.) --.55 E .243(The con\214guration \214le is or)112 168.6 R -.05(ga)-.18 G .243 -(nized as a series of lines, each of which be).05 F .243 -(gins with a single charac-)-.15 F .102 -(ter de\214ning the semantics for the rest of the line.)87 180.6 R .102 -(Lines be)5.102 F .102(ginning with a space or a tab are continuation)-.15 F -1.323(lines \(although the semantics are not well de\214ned in man)87 192.6 R -3.823(yp)-.15 G 3.822(laces\). Blank)340.61 192.6 R 1.322(lines and lines be) -3.822 F(ginning)-.15 E(with a sharp symbol \(`#'\) are comments.)87 204.6 Q F0 -2.5(5.1. R)87 228.6 R(and S \212 Rewriting Rules)2.5 E F1 .465 -(The core of address parsing are the re)127 244.8 R .466(writing rules.)-.25 F -.466(These are an ordered production system.)5.466 F F2(Sendmail)102 256.8 Q F1 -.19(scans through the set of re)2.69 F .19 -(writing rules looking for a match on the left hand side \(LHS\) of)-.25 F -(the rule.)102 268.8 Q(When a rule matches, the address is replaced by the rig\ -ht hand side \(RHS\) of the rule.)5 E .921(There are se)127 285 R -.15(ve)-.25 -G .921(ral sets of re).15 F .921(writing rules.)-.25 F .921(Some of the re) -5.921 F .922(writing sets are used internally and)-.25 F .36(must ha)102 297 R -.66 -.15(ve s)-.2 H .36(peci\214c semantics.).15 F .359(Other re)5.359 F .359 -(writing sets do not ha)-.25 F .659 -.15(ve s)-.2 H .359 -(peci\214cally assigned semantics, and).15 F -(may be referenced by the mailer de\214nitions or by other re)102 309 Q -(writing sets.)-.25 E(The syntax of these tw)127 325.2 Q 2.5(oc)-.1 G -(ommands are:)229.38 325.2 Q F0(S)142 341.4 Q F2(n)A F1 .248 -(Sets the current ruleset being collected to)102 357.6 R F2(n)2.748 E F1 5.248 -(.I)C 2.748(fy)287.284 357.6 S .248(ou be)298.362 357.6 R .249 -(gin a ruleset more than once it deletes the old)-.15 F(de\214nition.)102 369.6 -Q F0(R)142 385.8 Q F2(lhs rhs comments)A F1 1.185(The \214elds must be separat\ -ed by at least one tab character; there may be embedded spaces in the)102 402 R -2.594(\214elds. The)102 414 R F2(lhs)2.594 E F1 .095 -(is a pattern that is applied to the input.)2.594 F .095 -(If it matches, the input is re)5.095 F .095(written to the)-.25 F F2(rhs)2.595 -E F1(.)A(The)102 426 Q F2(comments)2.5 E F1(are ignored.)2.5 E .755(Macro e)127 -442.2 R .755(xpansions of the form)-.15 F F0($)3.255 E F2(x)A F1 .755 -(are performed when the con\214guration \214le is read.)3.255 F(Expan-)5.755 E -.283(sions of the form)102 454.2 R F0($&)2.783 E F2(x)A F1 .284 -(are performed at run time using a some)2.783 F .284 -(what less general algorithm.)-.25 F .284(This for)5.284 F -(is intended only for referencing internally de\214ned macros such as)102 466.2 -Q F0($h)2.5 E F1(that are changed at runtime.)2.5 E F0 2.5(5.1.1. The)102 490.2 -R(left hand side)2.5 E F1 2.771(The left hand side of re)142 506.4 R 2.771 -(writing rules contains a pattern.)-.25 F 2.77(Normal w)7.771 F 2.77 -(ords are simply)-.1 F(matched directly)117 518.4 Q 5(.M)-.65 G -(etasyntax is introduced using a dollar sign.)199.67 518.4 Q -(The metasymbols are:)5 E F0($*)157 534.6 Q F1(Match zero or more tok)177.14 -534.6 Q(ens)-.1 E F0($+)157 546.6 Q F1(Match one or more tok)9.44 E(ens)-.1 E -F0<24ad>157 558.6 Q F1(Match e)9.44 E(xactly one tok)-.15 E(en)-.1 E F0($=)157 -570.6 Q F2(x)A F1(Match an)5 E 2.5(yp)-.15 G(hrase in class)226.98 570.6 Q F2 -(x)2.5 E F0($~)157 582.6 Q F2(x)A F1(Match an)7.37 E 2.5(yw)-.15 G -(ord not in class)229.1 582.6 Q F2(x)2.5 E F1 .131(If an)117 598.8 R 2.631(yo) --.15 G 2.631(ft)148.212 598.8 S .131(hese match, the)156.953 598.8 R 2.631(ya) --.15 G .132(re assigned to the symbol)231.066 598.8 R F0($)2.632 E F2(n)A F1 -.132(for replacement on the right hand side,)2.632 F(where)117 610.8 Q F2(n)2.5 -E F1(is the inde)2.5 E 2.5(xi)-.15 G 2.5(nt)202.67 610.8 S(he LHS.)212.95 610.8 -Q -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample, if the LHS:)271.81 610.8 Q($\255:$+)157 627 -Q(is applied to the input:)117 643.2 Q(UCB)157 659.4 Q(ARP)-.35 E(A:eric)-.92 E -(the rule will match, and the v)117 675.6 Q(alues passed to the RHS will be:) --.25 E 7.5($1 UCB)157 691.8 R(ARP)-.35 E(A)-.92 E 7.5($2 eric)157 703.8 R EP -%%Page: 29 24 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-29)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(Additionally)142 96 Q 2.705(,t) --.65 G .204(he LHS can include)199.895 96 R F0($@)2.704 E F1 .204 -(to match zero tok)2.704 F 2.704(ens. This)-.1 F(is)2.704 E/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(not)2.704 E F1 .204(bound to a)2.704 F F0($)2.704 E F2(n)A -F1(on)2.704 E(the RHS, and is normally only used when it stands alone in order\ - to match the null input.)117 108 Q F0 2.5(5.1.2. The)102 132 R -(right hand side)2.5 E F1 .648(When the left hand side of a re)142 148.2 R .649 -(writing rule matches, the input is deleted and replaced by)-.25 F 1.037 -(the right hand side.)117 160.2 R -.8(To)6.037 G -.1(ke).8 G 1.036 -(ns are copied directly from the RHS unless the).1 F 3.536(yb)-.15 G -.15(eg) -430.772 160.2 S 1.036(in with a dollar).15 F 2.5(sign. Metasymbols)117 172.2 R -(are:)2.5 E F0($)157 188.4 Q F2(n)A F1(Substitute inde\214nite tok)207.55 188.4 -Q(en)-.1 E F2(n)2.5 E F1(from LHS)2.5 E F0($[)157 200.4 Q F2(name)A F0($])A F1 -(Canonicalize)207.55 200.4 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0($\()157 212.4 Q F2(map k)A -.3 -(ey)-.1 G F0($@)2.8 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0($:)2.5 E F2(default)A F0($\)) -2.5 E F1(Generalized k)207.55 224.4 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(ed mapping function).15 E -F0($>)157 236.4 Q F2(n)A F1(\231Call\232 ruleset)207.55 236.4 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0 -($#)157 248.4 Q F2(mailer)A F1(Resolv)207.55 248.4 Q 2.5(et)-.15 G(o)244.9 -248.4 Q F2(mailer)2.5 E F0($@)157 260.4 Q F2(host)A F1(Specify)207.55 260.4 Q -F2(host)2.5 E F0($:)157 272.4 Q F2(user)A F1(Specify)207.55 272.4 Q F2(user)2.5 -E F1(The)142 292.8 Q F0($)3.136 E F2(n)A F1 .637 -(syntax substitutes the corresponding v)3.136 F .637(alue from a)-.25 F F0($+) -3.137 E F1(,)A F0<24ad>3.137 E F1(,)A F0($*)3.137 E F1(,)A F0($=)3.137 E F1 -3.137(,o)C(r)448.489 292.8 Q F0($~)3.137 E F1 .637(match on)3.137 F(the LHS.) -117 304.8 Q(It may be used an)5 E(ywhere.)-.15 E 2.706(Ah)142 321 S .206 -(ost name enclosed between)156.926 321 R F0($[)2.706 E F1(and)2.706 E F0($]) -2.706 E F1 .206(is look)2.706 F .205 -(ed up in the host database\(s\) and replaced)-.1 F 1.683 -(by the canonical name)117 335 R/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(13)211.749 331 Q F1 -6.683(.F)218.749 335 S 1.683(or e)233.342 335 R 1.683 -(xample, \231$[ftp$]\232 might become \231ftp.CS.Berk)-.15 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.) --.15 G 1.683(EDU\232 and).65 F 2.707(\231$[[128.32.130.2]$]\232 w)117 347 R -2.707(ould become \231v)-.1 F(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G -(EDU.).65 E<9a>-.7 E F2(Sendmail)7.707 E F1 2.706(recognizes it')5.206 F(s)-.55 -E(numeric IP address without calling the name serv)117 359 Q -(er and replaces it with it')-.15 E 2.5(sc)-.55 G(anonical name.)424.3 359 Q -(The)142 375.2 Q F0($\()3.003 E F1(...)3.003 E F0($\))5.503 E F1 .503 -(syntax is a more general form of lookup; it uses a named map instead of an) -3.003 F .81(implicit map.)117 387.2 R .81(If no lookup is found, the indicated) -5.81 F F2(default)3.309 E F1 .809(is inserted; if no def)3.309 F .809 -(ault is speci\214ed)-.1 F .775(and no lookup matches, the v)117 399.2 R .776 -(alue is left unchanged.)-.25 F(The)5.776 E F2(ar)3.276 E(guments)-.37 E F1 -.776(are passed to the map for)3.276 F(possible use.)117 411.2 Q(The)142 427.4 -Q F0($>)2.62 E F2(n)A F1 .119(syntax causes the remainder of the line to be su\ -bstituted as usual and then passed)2.62 F .586(as the ar)117 439.4 R .586 -(gument to ruleset)-.18 F F2(n)3.086 E F1 5.586(.T)C .586(he \214nal v)244.206 -439.4 R .586(alue of ruleset)-.25 F F2(n)3.087 E F1 .587 -(then becomes the substitution for this)3.087 F 3.075(rule. The)117 451.4 R F0 -($>)3.075 E F1 .575(syntax can only be used at the be)3.075 F .575 -(ginning of the right hand side; it can be only be)-.15 F(preceded by)117 463.4 -Q F0($@)2.5 E F1(or)2.5 E F0($:)2.5 E F1(.)A(The)142 479.6 Q F0($#)2.507 E F1 -.007(syntax should)2.507 F F2(only)2.507 E F1 .008 -(be used in ruleset zero or a subroutine of ruleset zero.)2.507 F .008 -(It causes)5.008 F -.25(eva)117 491.6 S .685 -(luation of the ruleset to terminate immediately).25 F 3.184(,a)-.65 G .684 -(nd signals to)329.502 491.6 R F2(sendmail)3.184 E F1 .684 -(that the address has)3.184 F(completely resolv)117 503.6 Q 2.5(ed. The)-.15 F -(complete syntax is:)2.5 E F0($#)157 519.8 Q F2(mailer)A F0($@)2.5 E F2(host)A -F0($:)2.5 E F2(user)A F1 1.394(This speci\214es the {mailer)117 536 R 3.894(,h) --.4 G 1.394(ost, user} 3-tuple necessary to direct the mailer)234.466 536 R -6.394(.I)-.55 G 3.894(ft)444.548 536 S 1.394(he mailer is)454.552 536 R .774 -(local the host part may be omitted)117 550 R F3(14)257.744 546 Q F1 5.774(.T) -264.744 550 S(he)279.128 550 Q F2(mailer)3.274 E F1 .775(must be a single w) -3.274 F .775(ord, b)-.1 F .775(ut the)-.2 F F2(host)3.275 E F1(and)3.275 E F2 -(user)3.275 E F1 .253(may be multi-part.)117 562 R .253(If the)5.253 F F2 -(mailer)2.753 E F1 .253(is the b)2.753 F .253(uiltin IPC mailer)-.2 F 2.753(,t) --.4 G(he)354.733 562 Q F2(host)2.753 E F1 .253(may be a colon-separated list) -2.753 F .5(of hosts that are searched in order for the \214rst w)117 574 R .5 -(orking address \(e)-.1 F .5(xactly lik)-.15 F 3(eM)-.1 G 3(Xr)437.47 574 S 3 -(ecords\). The)451.02 574 R F2(user)117 586 Q F1 .036(is later re)2.536 F .036 -(written by the mailer)-.25 F .036(-speci\214c en)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .036 -(lope re).15 F .036(writing set and assigned to the)-.25 F F0($u)2.536 E F1 -(macro.)2.536 E .492(As a special case, if the v)117 598 R .492(alue to)-.25 F -F0($#)2.992 E F1 .492(is \231local\232 and the \214rst character of the)2.992 F -F0($:)2.992 E F1 -.25(va)2.992 G .492(lue is \231@\232, the).25 F .017 -(\231@\232 is stripped of)117 610 R .017(f, and a \215ag is set in the address\ - descriptor that causes sendmail to not do rule-)-.25 F(set 5 processing.)117 -622 Q(Normally)142 638.2 Q 3.251(,ar)-.65 G .751 -(ule that matches is retried, that is, the rule loops until it f)196.452 638.2 -R 3.252(ails. A)-.1 F .752(RHS may)3.252 F 1.086(also be preceded by a)117 -650.2 R F0($@)3.586 E F1 1.085(or a)3.585 F F0($:)3.585 E F1 1.085 -(to change this beha)3.585 F(vior)-.2 E 6.085(.A)-.55 G F0($@)375.685 650.2 Q -F1 1.085(pre\214x causes the ruleset to)3.585 F .32 LW 76 659.8 72 659.8 DL 80 -659.8 76 659.8 DL 84 659.8 80 659.8 DL 88 659.8 84 659.8 DL 92 659.8 88 659.8 -DL 96 659.8 92 659.8 DL 100 659.8 96 659.8 DL 104 659.8 100 659.8 DL 108 659.8 -104 659.8 DL 112 659.8 108 659.8 DL 116 659.8 112 659.8 DL 120 659.8 116 659.8 -DL 124 659.8 120 659.8 DL 128 659.8 124 659.8 DL 132 659.8 128 659.8 DL 136 -659.8 132 659.8 DL 140 659.8 136 659.8 DL 144 659.8 140 659.8 DL 148 659.8 144 -659.8 DL 152 659.8 148 659.8 DL 156 659.8 152 659.8 DL 160 659.8 156 659.8 DL -164 659.8 160 659.8 DL 168 659.8 164 659.8 DL 172 659.8 168 659.8 DL 176 659.8 -172 659.8 DL 180 659.8 176 659.8 DL 184 659.8 180 659.8 DL 188 659.8 184 659.8 -DL 192 659.8 188 659.8 DL 196 659.8 192 659.8 DL 200 659.8 196 659.8 DL 204 -659.8 200 659.8 DL 208 659.8 204 659.8 DL 212 659.8 208 659.8 DL 216 659.8 212 -659.8 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(13)93.6 670.2 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF -(This is actually completely equi)3.2 I -.2(va)-.2 G(lent to $\(host).2 E/F6 8 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(hostname)2 E F5 2($\). In)B(particular)2 E 2(,a)-.32 G/F7 8 -/Times-Bold@0 SF($:)A F5(def)2 E(ault can be used.)-.08 E F4(14)93.6 683.8 Q F5 --.88(Yo)3.2 K 2.726(um).88 G .726(ay w)120.446 687 R .726 -(ant to use it for special \231per user\232 e)-.08 F 2.726(xtensions. F)-.12 F -.726(or e)-.12 F .725 -(xample, in the address \231jgm+foo@CMU.EDU\232; the \231+foo\232)-.12 F(part \ -is not part of the user name, and is passed to the local mailer for local use.) -72 696.6 Q EP -%%Page: 30 25 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-30 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.46 -(return with the remainder of the RHS as the v)117 96 R 3.96(alue. A)-.25 F F0 -($:)3.96 E F1 1.46(pre\214x causes the rule to terminate)3.96 F(immediately)117 -108 Q 3.756(,b)-.65 G 1.256(ut the ruleset to continue; this can be used to a) -177.406 108 R -.2(vo)-.2 G 1.256(id continued application of a).2 F 2.5 -(rule. The)117 120 R(pre\214x is stripped before continuing.)2.5 E(The)142 -136.2 Q F0($@)2.5 E F1(and)2.5 E F0($:)2.5 E F1(pre\214x)2.5 E -(es may precede a)-.15 E F0($>)2.5 E F1(spec; for e)2.5 E(xample:)-.15 E 20.19 -(R$+ $:)157 152.4 R($>7 $1)2.5 E 1.256(matches an)117 168.6 R 1.256 -(ything, passes that to ruleset se)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.256 -(n, and continues; the).15 F F0($:)3.756 E F1 1.256(is necessary to a)3.756 F --.2(vo)-.2 G 1.256(id an).2 F(in\214nite loop.)117 180.6 Q 1.205(Substitution \ -occurs in the order described, that is, parameters from the LHS are substi-)142 -196.8 R .219(tuted, hostnames are canonicalized, \231subroutines\232 are calle\ -d, and \214nally)117 208.8 R F0($#)2.719 E F1(,)A F0($@)2.719 E F1 2.72(,a)C -(nd)448.64 208.8 Q F0($:)2.72 E F1 .22(are pro-)2.72 F(cessed.)117 220.8 Q F0 -2.5(5.1.3. Semantics)102 244.8 R(of r)2.5 E(ewriting rule sets)-.18 E F1 1.523 -(There are \214v)142 261 R 4.023(er)-.15 G -.25(ew)207.779 261 S 1.523 -(riting sets that ha).25 F 1.823 -.15(ve s)-.2 H 1.523(peci\214c semantics.).15 -F -.15(Fo)6.523 G 1.523(ur of these are related as).15 F -(depicted by \214gure 1.)117 273 Q 1.029 -(Ruleset three should turn the address into \231canonical form.)142 289.2 R -6.029<9a54>-.7 G 1.03(his form should ha)401.351 289.2 R 1.33 -.15(ve t)-.2 H -(he).15 E(basic syntax:)117 301.2 Q(local-part@host-domain-spec)157 317.4 Q -(Ruleset three is applied by)117 333.6 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.5 E -F1(before doing an)2.5 E(ything with an)-.15 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(ddress.)396.39 -333.6 Q .302(If no \231@\232 sign is speci\214ed, then the host-domain-spec)142 -349.8 R F2(may)2.801 E F1 .301(be appended \(box \231D\232 in Fig-)2.801 F .577 -(ure 1\) from the sender address \(if the)117 361.8 R F0(C)3.077 E F1 .577 -(\215ag is set in the mailer de\214nition corresponding to the)3.077 F F2 -(sending)117 373.8 Q F1(mailer\).)2.5 E 1.021(Ruleset zero is applied after ru\ -leset three to addresses that are going to actually specify)142 390 R 3.663 -(recipients. It)117 402 R 1.163(must resolv)3.663 F 3.663(et)-.15 G 3.664(oa) -232.602 402 S F2({mailer)A 3.664(,h)-1.11 G 1.164(ost, user})289.534 402 R F1 -3.664(triple. The)3.664 F F2(mailer)3.664 E F1 1.164(must be de\214ned in the) -3.664 F .752(mailer de\214nitions from the con\214guration \214le.)117 414 R -(The)5.751 E F2(host)3.251 E F1 .751(is de\214ned into the)3.251 F F0($h)3.251 -E F1 .751(macro for use in)3.251 F(the ar)117 426 Q(gv e)-.18 E -(xpansion of the speci\214ed mailer)-.15 E(.)-.55 E .452(Rulesets one and tw) -142 442.2 R 2.952(oa)-.1 G .452 -(re applied to all sender and recipient addresses respecti)235.918 442.2 R -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.453(.T)-.65 G(he)489.71 442.2 Q(y)-.15 E -(are applied before an)117 454.2 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G -(peci\214cation in the mailer de\214nition.)212.37 454.2 Q(The)5 E 2.5(ym)-.15 -G(ust ne)391.1 454.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rr).15 G(esolv)432.91 454.2 Q(e.)-.15 -E .4 LW 77 483.6 72 483.6 DL 79 483.6 74 483.6 DL 84 483.6 79 483.6 DL 89 483.6 -84 483.6 DL 94 483.6 89 483.6 DL 99 483.6 94 483.6 DL 104 483.6 99 483.6 DL 109 -483.6 104 483.6 DL 114 483.6 109 483.6 DL 119 483.6 114 483.6 DL 124 483.6 119 -483.6 DL 129 483.6 124 483.6 DL 134 483.6 129 483.6 DL 139 483.6 134 483.6 DL -144 483.6 139 483.6 DL 149 483.6 144 483.6 DL 154 483.6 149 483.6 DL 159 483.6 -154 483.6 DL 164 483.6 159 483.6 DL 169 483.6 164 483.6 DL 174 483.6 169 483.6 -DL 179 483.6 174 483.6 DL 184 483.6 179 483.6 DL 189 483.6 184 483.6 DL 194 -483.6 189 483.6 DL 199 483.6 194 483.6 DL 204 483.6 199 483.6 DL 209 483.6 204 -483.6 DL 214 483.6 209 483.6 DL 219 483.6 214 483.6 DL 224 483.6 219 483.6 DL -229 483.6 224 483.6 DL 234 483.6 229 483.6 DL 239 483.6 234 483.6 DL 244 483.6 -239 483.6 DL 249 483.6 244 483.6 DL 254 483.6 249 483.6 DL 259 483.6 254 483.6 -DL 264 483.6 259 483.6 DL 269 483.6 264 483.6 DL 274 483.6 269 483.6 DL 279 -483.6 274 483.6 DL 284 483.6 279 483.6 DL 289 483.6 284 483.6 DL 294 483.6 289 -483.6 DL 299 483.6 294 483.6 DL 304 483.6 299 483.6 DL 309 483.6 304 483.6 DL -314 483.6 309 483.6 DL 319 483.6 314 483.6 DL 324 483.6 319 483.6 DL 329 483.6 -324 483.6 DL 334 483.6 329 483.6 DL 339 483.6 334 483.6 DL 344 483.6 339 483.6 -DL 349 483.6 344 483.6 DL 354 483.6 349 483.6 DL 359 483.6 354 483.6 DL 364 -483.6 359 483.6 DL 369 483.6 364 483.6 DL 374 483.6 369 483.6 DL 379 483.6 374 -483.6 DL 384 483.6 379 483.6 DL 389 483.6 384 483.6 DL 394 483.6 389 483.6 DL -399 483.6 394 483.6 DL 404 483.6 399 483.6 DL 409 483.6 404 483.6 DL 414 483.6 -409 483.6 DL 419 483.6 414 483.6 DL 424 483.6 419 483.6 DL 429 483.6 424 483.6 -DL 434 483.6 429 483.6 DL 439 483.6 434 483.6 DL 444 483.6 439 483.6 DL 449 -483.6 444 483.6 DL 454 483.6 449 483.6 DL 459 483.6 454 483.6 DL 464 483.6 459 -483.6 DL 469 483.6 464 483.6 DL 474 483.6 469 483.6 DL 479 483.6 474 483.6 DL -484 483.6 479 483.6 DL 489 483.6 484 483.6 DL 494 483.6 489 483.6 DL 499 483.6 -494 483.6 DL 504 483.6 499 483.6 DL(addr)91.915 578 Q 133.2 576 111.6 576 DL -133.2 576 126 577.8 DL 133.2 576 126 574.2 DL(3)141.5 578 Q 133.2 565.2 133.2 -586.8 DL 154.8 565.2 133.2 565.2 DL 154.8 586.8 154.8 565.2 DL 133.2 586.8 -154.8 586.8 DL 176.4 576 154.8 576 DL 176.4 576 169.2 577.8 DL 176.4 576 169.2 -574.2 DL(D)183.59 578 Q 176.4 565.2 176.4 586.8 DL 198 565.2 176.4 565.2 DL 198 -586.8 198 565.2 DL 176.4 586.8 198 586.8 DL 219.6 576 198 576 DL 277.2 558 -255.6 558 DL 277.2 558 270 559.8 DL 277.2 558 270 556.2 DL(1)285.5 560 Q 277.2 -547.2 277.2 568.8 DL 298.8 547.2 277.2 547.2 DL 298.8 568.8 298.8 547.2 DL -277.2 568.8 298.8 568.8 DL 320.4 558 298.8 558 DL 320.4 558 313.2 559.8 DL -320.4 558 313.2 556.2 DL(S)328.42 560 Q 320.4 547.2 320.4 568.8 DL 342 547.2 -320.4 547.2 DL 342 568.8 342 547.2 DL 320.4 568.8 342 568.8 DL 363.6 558 342 -558 DL 277.2 594 255.6 594 DL 277.2 594 270 595.8 DL 277.2 594 270 592.2 DL(2) -285.5 596 Q 277.2 583.2 277.2 604.8 DL 298.8 583.2 277.2 583.2 DL 298.8 604.8 -298.8 583.2 DL 277.2 604.8 298.8 604.8 DL 320.4 594 298.8 594 DL 320.4 594 -313.2 595.8 DL 320.4 594 313.2 592.2 DL(R)327.865 596 Q 320.4 583.2 320.4 604.8 -DL 342 583.2 320.4 583.2 DL 342 604.8 342 583.2 DL 320.4 604.8 342 604.8 DL -363.6 594 342 594 DL 421.2 576 399.6 576 DL 421.2 576 414 577.8 DL 421.2 576 -414 574.2 DL(4)429.5 578 Q 421.2 565.2 421.2 586.8 DL 442.8 565.2 421.2 565.2 -DL 442.8 586.8 442.8 565.2 DL 421.2 586.8 442.8 586.8 DL 464.4 576 442.8 576 DL -464.4 576 457.2 577.8 DL 464.4 576 457.2 574.2 DL(msg)466.865 578 Q 255.6 558 -219.6 576 DL 255.6 594 219.6 576 DL 399.6 576 363.6 558 DL 399.6 576 363.6 594 -DL 208.8 522 187.2 522 DL 208.8 522 201.6 523.8 DL 208.8 522 201.6 520.2 DL(0) -217.1 524 Q 208.8 511.2 208.8 532.8 DL 230.4 511.2 208.8 511.2 DL 230.4 532.8 -230.4 511.2 DL 208.8 532.8 230.4 532.8 DL 252 522 230.4 522 DL 252 522 244.8 -523.8 DL 252 522 244.8 520.2 DL(resolv)265.69 524 Q(ed address)-.15 E 187.2 522 -162 576 DL(Figure 1 \212 Re)216.045 624 Q(writing set semantics)-.25 E 2.5 -(D\212s)209.35 636 S(ender domain addition)235.46 636 Q 2.5(S\212m)209.35 648 S -(ailer)237.69 648 Q(-speci\214c sender re)-.2 E(writing)-.25 E 2.5(R\212m) -209.35 660 S(ailer)238.8 660 Q(-speci\214c recipient re)-.2 E(writing)-.25 E 77 -672 72 672 DL 79 672 74 672 DL 84 672 79 672 DL 89 672 84 672 DL 94 672 89 672 -DL 99 672 94 672 DL 104 672 99 672 DL 109 672 104 672 DL 114 672 109 672 DL 119 -672 114 672 DL 124 672 119 672 DL 129 672 124 672 DL 134 672 129 672 DL 139 672 -134 672 DL 144 672 139 672 DL 149 672 144 672 DL 154 672 149 672 DL 159 672 154 -672 DL 164 672 159 672 DL 169 672 164 672 DL 174 672 169 672 DL 179 672 174 672 -DL 184 672 179 672 DL 189 672 184 672 DL 194 672 189 672 DL 199 672 194 672 DL -204 672 199 672 DL 209 672 204 672 DL 214 672 209 672 DL 219 672 214 672 DL 224 -672 219 672 DL 229 672 224 672 DL 234 672 229 672 DL 239 672 234 672 DL 244 672 -239 672 DL 249 672 244 672 DL 254 672 249 672 DL 259 672 254 672 DL 264 672 259 -672 DL 269 672 264 672 DL 274 672 269 672 DL 279 672 274 672 DL 284 672 279 672 -DL 289 672 284 672 DL 294 672 289 672 DL 299 672 294 672 DL 304 672 299 672 DL -309 672 304 672 DL 314 672 309 672 DL 319 672 314 672 DL 324 672 319 672 DL 329 -672 324 672 DL 334 672 329 672 DL 339 672 334 672 DL 344 672 339 672 DL 349 672 -344 672 DL 354 672 349 672 DL 359 672 354 672 DL 364 672 359 672 DL 369 672 364 -672 DL 374 672 369 672 DL 379 672 374 672 DL 384 672 379 672 DL 389 672 384 672 -DL 394 672 389 672 DL 399 672 394 672 DL 404 672 399 672 DL 409 672 404 672 DL -414 672 409 672 DL 419 672 414 672 DL 424 672 419 672 DL 429 672 424 672 DL 434 -672 429 672 DL 439 672 434 672 DL 444 672 439 672 DL 449 672 444 672 DL 454 672 -449 672 DL 459 672 454 672 DL 464 672 459 672 DL 469 672 464 672 DL 474 672 469 -672 DL 479 672 474 672 DL 484 672 479 672 DL 489 672 484 672 DL 494 672 489 672 -DL 499 672 494 672 DL 504 672 499 672 DL EP -%%Page: 31 26 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-31)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.266 -(Ruleset four is applied to all addresses in the message.)142 96 R 1.265 -(It is typically used to translate)6.265 F(internal to e)117 108 Q -(xternal form.)-.15 E F0 2.5(5.1.4. IPC)102 132 R(mailers)2.5 E F1 1.332 -(Some special processing occurs if the ruleset zero resolv)142 148.2 R 1.333 -(es to an IPC mailer \(that is, a)-.15 F 1.179 -(mailer that has \231[IPC]\232 listed as the P)117 160.2 R 1.179(ath in the) --.15 F F0(M)3.679 E F1 1.179(con\214guration line.)3.679 F 1.178 -(The host name passed)6.178 F .168(after \231$@\232 has MX e)117 172.2 R .168 -(xpansion performed; this looks the name up in DNS to \214nd alternate deli) --.15 F(v-)-.25 E(ery sites.)117 184.2 Q(The host name can also be pro)142 200.4 -Q(vided as a dotted quad in square brack)-.15 E(ets; for e)-.1 E(xample:)-.15 E -([128.32.149.78])157 216.6 Q(This causes direct con)117 232.8 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G -(rsion of the numeric v).15 E(alue to a TCP/IP host address.)-.25 E .214(The h\ -ost name passed in after the \231$@\232 may also be a colon-separated list of \ -hosts.)142 249 R(Each)5.213 E .484(is separately MX e)117 261 R .484 -(xpanded and the results are concatenated to mak)-.15 F 2.985(e\()-.1 G .485 -(essentially\) one long MX)401.165 261 R 3.465(list. The)117 273 R .964 -(intent here is to create \231f)3.465 F(ak)-.1 E .964 -(e\232 MX records that are not published in DNS for pri)-.1 F -.25(va)-.25 G -(te).25 E(internal netw)117 285 Q(orks.)-.1 E -(As a \214nal special case, the host name can be passed in as a te)142 301.2 Q -(xt string in square brack)-.15 E(ets:)-.1 E([ucb)157 317.4 Q -.25(va)-.15 G -(x.berk).25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(edu]).65 E .312(This form a)117 333.6 R --.2(vo)-.2 G .312(ids the MX mapping.).2 F F0(N.B.:)5.312 E/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF .313(This is intended only for situations wher)2.812 F 2.813 -(ey)-.37 G .313(ou have a)464.494 333.6 R .338(network \214r)117 345.6 R -.15 -(ew)-.37 G .337(all or other host that will do special pr).15 F .337 -(ocessing for all your mail, so that your MX)-.45 F -.37(re)117 357.6 S(cor).37 -E 3.958(dp)-.37 G 1.458(oints to a gate)151.878 357.6 R 1.458(way mac)-.15 F -1.458(hine; this mac)-.15 F 1.459(hine could then do dir)-.15 F 1.459 -(ect delivery to mac)-.37 F(hines)-.15 E .09(within your local domain.)117 -369.6 R .09(Use of this featur)5.09 F 2.59(ed)-.37 G(ir)306.8 369.6 Q .09 -(ectly violates RFC 1123 section 5.3.5: it should)-.37 F(not be used lightly) -117 381.6 Q(.)-.55 E F0 2.5(5.2. D)87 405.6 R 2.5<8a44>2.5 G(e\214ne Macr) -136.44 405.6 Q(o)-.18 E F1 .081 -(Macros are named with a single character or with a w)127 421.8 R .082 -(ord in {braces}.)-.1 F .082(Single character names)5.082 F .45 -(may be selected from the entire ASCII set, b)102 433.8 R .45(ut user)-.2 F .45 -(-de\214ned macros should be selected from the set)-.2 F .446 -(of upper case letters only)102 445.8 R 5.446(.L)-.65 G -.25(ow)217.72 445.8 S -.446(er case letters and special symbols are used internally).25 F 5.446(.L) --.65 G .446(ong names)460.504 445.8 R(be)102 457.8 Q .913(ginning with a lo) --.15 F .913(wer case letter or a punctuation character are reserv)-.25 F .912 -(ed for use by sendmail, so)-.15 F(user)102 469.8 Q -(-de\214ned long macro names should be)-.2 E(gin with an upper case letter)-.15 -E(.)-.55 E(The syntax for macro de\214nitions is:)127 486 Q F0(D)142 502.2 Q F2 -1.666(xv)C(al)-1.666 E F1(where)102 518.4 Q F2(x)3.068 E F1 .568 -(is the name of the macro \(which may be a single character or a w)3.068 F .569 -(ord in braces\) and)-.1 F F2(val)3.069 E F1(is)3.069 E .479(the v)102 530.4 R -.479(alue it should ha)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 5.479(.T).15 G .478 -(here should be no spaces gi)212.395 530.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.978(nt).15 G .478 -(hat do not actually belong in the macro)344.284 530.4 R -.25(va)102 542.4 S -(lue.).25 E .494(Macros are interpolated using the construct)127 558.6 R F0($) -2.994 E F2(x)A F1 2.994(,w)C(here)327.638 558.6 Q F2(x)2.994 E F1 .494 -(is the name of the macro to be inter)2.994 F(-)-.2 E 2.933(polated. This)102 -570.6 R .433(interpolation is done when the con\214guration \214le is read, e) -2.933 F .432(xcept in)-.15 F F0(M)2.932 E F1 2.932(lines. The)2.932 F(spe-) -2.932 E(cial construct)102 582.6 Q F0($&)2.5 E F2(x)A F1(can be used in)2.5 E -F0(R)2.5 E F1(lines to get deferred interpolation.)2.5 E -(Conditionals can be speci\214ed using the syntax:)127 598.8 Q($?x te)142 615 Q -(xt1 $| te)-.15 E(xt2 $.)-.15 E 1.127(This interpolates)102 631.2 R F2(te)3.627 -E(xt1)-.2 E F1 1.127(if the macro)3.627 F F0($x)3.627 E F1 1.128(is set, and) -3.628 F F2(te)3.628 E(xt2)-.2 E F1 3.628(otherwise. The)3.628 F 1.128 -(\231else\232 \()3.628 F F0($|)A F1 3.628(\)c)C 1.128(lause may be)449.534 -631.2 R(omitted.)102 643.2 Q(Lo)127 659.4 Q .58 -(wer case macro names are reserv)-.25 F .58(ed to ha)-.15 F .88 -.15(ve s)-.2 H -.58(pecial semantics, used to pass information in).15 F 1.56(or out of)102 -671.4 R F2(sendmail)4.06 E F1 4.06(,a)C 1.561(nd special characters are reserv) -190.73 671.4 R 1.561(ed to pro)-.15 F 1.561(vide conditionals, etc.)-.15 F -1.561(Upper case)6.561 F(names \(that is,)102 683.4 Q F0($A)2.5 E F1(through) -2.5 E F0($Z)2.5 E F1 2.5(\)a)C(re speci\214cally reserv)232.82 683.4 Q -(ed for con\214guration \214le authors.)-.15 E 1.303(The follo)127 699.6 R -1.303(wing macros are de\214ned and/or used internally by)-.25 F F2(sendmail) -3.802 E F1 1.302(for interpolation into)3.802 F EP -%%Page: 32 27 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-32 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(ar)102 98 Q(gv') --.18 E 2.792(sf)-.55 G .292(or mailers or for other conte)132.382 98 R 2.793 -(xts. The)-.15 F .293(ones mark)2.793 F .293 -(ed \207 are information passed into sendmail)-.1 F/F2 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(15) -494.5 94 Q F1(,)501.5 98 Q .036(the ones mark)102 110 R .036 -(ed \210 are information passed both in and out of sendmail, and the unmark)-.1 -F .035(ed macros are)-.1 F(passed out of sendmail b)102 122 Q -(ut are not otherwise used internally)-.2 E 5(.T)-.65 G(hese macros are:)354.45 -122 Q 13.06($a The)102 138.2 R(origination date in RFC 822 format.)2.5 E -(This is e)5 E(xtracted from the Date: line.)-.15 E 12.5($b The)102 154.4 R -(current date in RFC 822 format.)2.5 E 13.06($c The)102 170.6 R .002 -(hop count.)2.502 F .002(This is a count of the number of Recei)5.002 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G .003(d: lines plus the v).15 F .003(alue of the)-.25 F F0<ad68>2.503 -E F1(com-)2.503 E(mand line \215ag.)127 182.6 Q 12.5($d The)102 198.8 R -(current date in UNIX \(ctime\) format.)2.5 E 8.06($e\207 \(Obsolete;)102 215 R -1.814(use SmtpGreetingMessage option instead.\))4.314 F 1.814 -(The SMTP entry message.)6.814 F 1.814(This is)6.814 F 2.008 -(printed out when SMTP starts up.)127 227 R 2.008(The \214rst w)7.008 F 2.008 -(ord must be the)-.1 F F0($j)4.508 E F1 2.009(macro as speci\214ed by)4.508 F -2.732(RFC821. Def)127 239 R .232(aults to \231$j Sendmail $v ready at $b\232.) --.1 F .231(Commonly rede\214ned to include the con-)5.231 F(\214guration v)127 -251 Q(ersion number)-.15 E 2.5(,e)-.4 G -(.g., \231$j Sendmail $v/$Z ready at $b\232)239.77 251 Q 14.17($f The)102 267.2 -R(en)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.4 G(lope sender \(from\) address.).15 E 12.5($g The)102 -283.4 R .017(sender address relati)2.517 F .317 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.517(ot).15 G -.017(he recipient.)251.375 283.4 R -.15(Fo)5.017 G 2.517(re).15 G .018 -(xample, if)326.386 283.4 R F0($f)2.518 E F1 .018(is \231foo\232,)2.518 F F0 -($g)2.518 E F1 .018(will be \231host!foo\232,)2.518 F -(\231foo@host.domain\232, or whate)127 295.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G 2.5 -(sa)264.95 295.4 S(ppropriate for the recei)275.78 295.4 Q(ving mailer)-.25 E -(.)-.55 E 12.5($h The)102 311.6 R(recipient host.)2.5 E -(This is set in ruleset 0 from the $# \214eld of a parsed address.)5 E 14.72 -($i The)102 327.8 R(queue id, e.g., \231HAA12345\232.)2.5 E 9.72($j\210 The)102 -344 R(\231of)2.747 E .247(\214cial\232 domain name for this site.)-.25 F .247 -(This is fully quali\214ed if the full quali\214cation can be)5.247 F 3.093 -(found. It)127 356 R/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(must)3.093 E F1 .594(be rede\214n\ -ed to be the fully quali\214ed domain name if your system is not con-)3.093 F -(\214gured so that information can \214nd it automatically)127 368 Q(.)-.65 E -12.5($k The)102 384.2 R(UUCP node name \(from the uname system call\).)2.5 E -9.72($l\207 \(Obsolete;)102 400.4 R 1.282(use UnixFromLine option instead.\)) -3.782 F 1.282(The format of the UNIX from line.)6.282 F(Unless)6.281 E 1.409 -(you ha)127 412.4 R 1.709 -.15(ve c)-.2 H 1.409 -(hanged the UNIX mailbox format, you should not change the def).15 F 1.41 -(ault, which is)-.1 F(\231From $g)127 424.4 Q($d\232.)5 E 9.72($m The)102 440.6 -R .719(domain part of the)3.219 F F3 -.1(ge)3.219 G(thostname).1 E F1 .718 -(return v)3.219 F 3.218(alue. Under)-.25 F .718(normal circumstances,)3.218 F -F0($j)3.218 E F1 .718(is equi)3.218 F(v-)-.25 E(alent to)127 452.6 Q F0($w)2.5 -E(.$m)-.7 E F1(.)A 7.5($n\207 The)102 468.8 R -(name of the daemon \(for error messages\).)2.5 E(Def)5 E -(aults to \231MAILER-D)-.1 E(AEMON\232.)-.4 E 7.5($o\207 \(Obsolete:)102 485 R -.65(use OperatorChars option instead.\))3.15 F .651 -(The set of \231operators\232 in addresses.)5.651 F 3.151(Al)5.651 G .651 -(ist of)483.069 485 R .582(characters which will be considered tok)127 497 R -.581(ens and which will separate tok)-.1 F .581(ens when doing pars-)-.1 F -3.277(ing. F)127 509 R .777(or e)-.15 F .777(xample, if \231@\232 were in the) --.15 F F0($o)3.278 E F1 .778(macro, then the input \231a@b\232 w)3.278 F .778 -(ould be scanned as)-.1 F .628(three tok)127 521 R .628(ens: \231a,)-.1 F 3.128 -<9a99>-.7 G(@,)204.724 521 Q 3.128<9a61>-.7 G .628(nd \231b)227.742 521 R 4.527 --.7(.\232 D)-.4 H(ef).7 E .627 -(aults to \231.:@[]\232, which is the minimum set necessary to)-.1 F .856(do R\ -FC 822 parsing; a richer set of operators is \231.:%@!/[]\232, which adds supp\ -ort for UUCP)127 533 R(,)-1.11 E(the %-hack, and X.400 addresses.)127 545 Q -12.5($p Sendmail')102 561.2 R 2.5(sp)-.55 G(rocess id.)178.95 561.2 Q 7.5 -($q\207 Def)102 577.4 R .404(ault format of sender address.)-.1 F(The)5.404 E -F0($q)2.903 E F1 .403(macro speci\214es ho)2.903 F 2.903(wa)-.25 G 2.903(na) -388.955 577.4 S .403(ddress should appear in a)401.298 577.4 R 1.18 -(message when it is def)127 589.4 R 3.681(aulted. Def)-.1 F 1.181 -(aults to \231<$g>\232.)-.1 F 1.181(It is commonly rede\214ned to be \231$?x$x) -6.181 F(<$g>$|$g$.)127 601.4 Q 5<9a6f>-.7 G 2.5<7299>186.52 601.4 S -($g$?x \($x\)$.)196.79 601.4 Q(\232, corresponding to the follo)-.7 E(wing tw) --.25 E 2.5(of)-.1 G(ormats:)403.21 601.4 Q(Eric Allman <eric@CS.Berk)167 617.6 -Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU>).65 E(eric@CS.Berk)167 629.6 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65 -(y.)-.15 G(EDU \(Eric Allman\)).65 E F3(Sendmail)127 645.8 Q F1 -(properly quotes names that ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H -(pecial characters if the \214rst form is used.).15 E 14.17($r Protocol)102 662 -R .977(used to recei)3.477 F 1.277 -.15(ve t)-.25 H .976(he message.).15 F .976 -(Set from the)5.976 F F0<ad70>3.476 E F1 .976 -(command line \215ag or by the SMTP)3.476 F(serv)127 674 Q(er code.)-.15 E .32 -LW 76 688.4 72 688.4 DL 80 688.4 76 688.4 DL 84 688.4 80 688.4 DL 88 688.4 84 -688.4 DL 92 688.4 88 688.4 DL 96 688.4 92 688.4 DL 100 688.4 96 688.4 DL 104 -688.4 100 688.4 DL 108 688.4 104 688.4 DL 112 688.4 108 688.4 DL 116 688.4 112 -688.4 DL 120 688.4 116 688.4 DL 124 688.4 120 688.4 DL 128 688.4 124 688.4 DL -132 688.4 128 688.4 DL 136 688.4 132 688.4 DL 140 688.4 136 688.4 DL 144 688.4 -140 688.4 DL 148 688.4 144 688.4 DL 152 688.4 148 688.4 DL 156 688.4 152 688.4 -DL 160 688.4 156 688.4 DL 164 688.4 160 688.4 DL 168 688.4 164 688.4 DL 172 -688.4 168 688.4 DL 176 688.4 172 688.4 DL 180 688.4 176 688.4 DL 184 688.4 180 -688.4 DL 188 688.4 184 688.4 DL 192 688.4 188 688.4 DL 196 688.4 192 688.4 DL -200 688.4 196 688.4 DL 204 688.4 200 688.4 DL 208 688.4 204 688.4 DL 212 688.4 -208 688.4 DL 216 688.4 212 688.4 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(15)93.6 698.8 Q/F5 8 -/Times-Roman@0 SF(As of v)3.2 I(ersion 8.6, all of these macros ha)-.12 E .24 --.12(ve r)-.16 H(easonable def).12 E 2(aults. Pre)-.08 F(vious v)-.2 E -(ersions required that the)-.12 E 2(yb)-.12 G 2(ed)424.728 702 S(e\214ned.) -434.28 702 Q EP -%%Page: 33 28 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-33)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 13.61($s Sender')102 96 R 2.5(sh) --.55 G(ost name.)168.94 96 Q(Set from the)5 E F0<ad70>2.5 E F1 -(command line \215ag or by the SMTP serv)2.5 E(er code.)-.15 E 14.72($t A)102 -112.2 R(numeric representation of the current time.)2.5 E 12.5($u The)102 128.4 -R(recipient user)2.5 E(.)-.55 E 12.5($v The)102 144.6 R -.15(ve)2.5 G -(rsion number of the).15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.5 E F1(binary)2.5 -E(.)-.65 E 5.28($w\210 The)102 160.8 R(hostname of this site.)2.5 E -(This is the root name of this host \(b)5 E(ut see belo)-.2 E 2.5(wf)-.25 G -(or ca)432.64 160.8 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G(ats\).).15 E 12.5($x The)102 177 R -(full name of the sender)2.5 E(.)-.55 E 13.06($z The)102 193.2 R -(home directory of the recipient.)2.5 E 12.5($_ The)102 209.4 R -.25(va)2.5 G -(lidated sender address.).25 E .749 -(There are three types of dates that can be used.)127 225.6 R(The)5.749 E F0 -($a)3.249 E F1(and)3.249 E F0($b)3.249 E F1 .749(macros are in RFC 822 for) -3.249 F(-)-.2 E(mat;)102 237.6 Q F0($a)3.214 E F1 .714(is the time as e)3.214 F -.713(xtracted from the \231Date:\232 line of the message \(if there w)-.15 F -.713(as one\), and)-.1 F F0($b)3.213 E F1(is)3.213 E .056 -(the current date and time \(used for postmarks\).)102 249.6 R .057 -(If no \231Date:\232 line is found in the incoming message,)5.056 F F0($a)102 -261.6 Q F1 .305(is set to the current time also.)2.805 F(The)5.305 E F0($d) -2.805 E F1 .304(macro is equi)2.805 F -.25(va)-.25 G .304(lent to the).25 F F0 -($b)2.804 E F1 .304(macro in UNIX \(ctime\) for)2.804 F(-)-.2 E(mat.)102 273.6 -Q .238(The macros)127 289.8 R F0($w)2.738 E F1(,)A F0($j)2.738 E F1 2.738(,a)C -(nd)212.372 289.8 Q F0($m)2.738 E F1 .238 -(are set to the identity of this host.)2.738 F F2(Sendmail)5.239 E F1 .239 -(tries to \214nd the fully)2.739 F .335 -(quali\214ed name of the host if at all possible; it does this by calling)102 -301.8 R F2 -.1(ge)2.834 G(thostname).1 E F1 .334(\(2\) to get the current)B -.457(hostname and then passing that to)102 313.8 R F2 -.1(ge)2.957 G -(thostbyname).1 E F1 .457(\(3\) which is supposed to return the canonical v)B -(er)-.15 E(-)-.2 E .279(sion of that host name.)102 327.8 R/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 -SF(16)193.946 323.8 Q F1 .279(Assuming this is successful,)203.725 327.8 R F0 -($j)2.778 E F1 .278(is set to the fully quali\214ed name and)2.778 F F0($m) -2.778 E F1(is)2.778 E .706(set to the domain part of the name \(e)102 339.8 R --.15(ve)-.25 G .706(rything after the \214rst dot\).).15 F(The)5.706 E F0($w) -3.206 E F1 .706(macro is set to the \214rst)3.206 F -.1(wo)102 351.8 S .359 -(rd \(e).1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .358(rything before the \214rst dot\) if you ha).15 -F .658 -.15(ve a l)-.2 H -2.15 -.25(ev e).15 H 2.858(l5o).25 G 2.858(rh)345 -351.8 S .358(igher con\214guration \214le; otherwise, it)356.188 351.8 R .404 -(is set to the same v)102 363.8 R .405(alue as)-.25 F F0($j)2.905 E F1 5.405 -(.I)C 2.905(ft)229.965 363.8 S .405 -(he canoni\214cation is not successful, it is imperati)238.98 363.8 R .705 -.15 -(ve t)-.25 H .405(hat the con\214g).15 F(\214le set)102 377.8 Q F0($j)2.5 E F1 -(to the fully quali\214ed domain name)2.5 E F3(17)279.77 373.8 Q F1(.)286.77 -377.8 Q(The)127 394 Q F0($f)2.833 E F1 .333(macro is the id of the sender as o\ -riginally determined; when mailing to a speci\214c host)2.833 F(the)102 406 Q -F0($g)3.224 E F1 .724(macro is set to the address of the sender)3.224 F F2 -.37 -(re)3.225 G .725(lative to the r).37 F(ecipient.)-.37 E F1 -.15(Fo)5.725 G -3.225(re).15 G .725(xample, if I send to)423.61 406 R -(\231bollard@matisse.CS.Berk)102 418 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G .425 -(EDU\232 from the machine \231v).65 F(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.) --.15 G .424(EDU\232 the).65 F F0($f)2.924 E F1(macro)2.924 E -(will be \231eric\232 and the)102 430 Q F0($g)2.5 E F1 -(macro will be \231eric@v)2.5 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G -(EDU.).65 E<9a>-.7 E(The)127 446.2 Q F0($x)2.562 E F1 .062 -(macro is set to the full name of the sender)2.562 F 5.062(.T)-.55 G .062 -(his can be determined in se)338.824 446.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .063(ral w).15 F -2.563(ays. It)-.1 F .63(can be passed as \215ag to)102 458.2 R F2(sendmail)3.13 -E F1 5.629(.I)C 3.129(tc)249.439 458.2 S .629(an be de\214ned in the)259.788 -458.2 R/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF -.315(NA)3.129 G(ME).315 E F1(en)3.129 E .629 -(vironment v)-.4 F 3.129(ariable. The)-.25 F(third)3.129 E .948 -(choice is the v)102 470.2 R .948 -(alue of the \231Full-Name:\232 line in the header if it e)-.25 F .949 -(xists, and the fourth choice is the)-.15 F .526 -(comment \214eld of a \231From:\232 line.)102 482.2 R .526(If all of these f) -5.526 F .526(ail, and if the message is being originated locally)-.1 F(,)-.65 E -(the full name is look)102 494.2 Q(ed up in the)-.1 E F2(/etc/passwd)2.5 E F1 -(\214le.)2.5 E 1.32(When sending, the)127 510.4 R F0($h)3.82 E F1(,)A F0($u) -3.82 E F1 3.82(,a)C(nd)246.37 510.4 Q F0($z)3.82 E F1 1.321 -(macros get set to the host, user)3.82 F 3.821(,a)-.4 G 1.321 -(nd home directory \(if)414.777 510.4 R .517(local\) of the recipient.)102 -522.4 R .517(The \214rst tw)5.517 F 3.016(oa)-.1 G .516(re set from the)256.878 -522.4 R F0($@)3.016 E F1(and)3.016 E F0($:)3.016 E F1 .516(part of the re)3.016 -F .516(writing rules, respec-)-.25 F(ti)102 534.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E(.) --.65 E(The)127 550.6 Q F0($p)3.806 E F1(and)3.806 E F0($t)3.806 E F1 1.306(mac\ -ros are used to create unique strings \(e.g., for the \231Message-Id:\232 \214\ -eld\).)3.806 F(The)102 562.6 Q F0($i)3.252 E F1 .751(macro is set to the queue\ - id on this host; if put into the timestamp line it can be e)3.252 F(xtremely) --.15 E .164(useful for tracking messages.)102 574.6 R(The)5.164 E F0($v)2.664 E -F1 .164(macro is set to be the v)2.664 F .165(ersion number of)-.15 F F2 -(sendmail)2.665 E F1 2.665(;t)C .165(his is nor)463.87 574.6 R(-)-.2 E -(mally put in timestamps and has been pro)102 586.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(ne).15 -G(xtremely useful for deb)289.31 586.6 Q(ugging.)-.2 E(The)127 602.8 Q F0($c) -3.548 E F1 1.048(\214eld is set to the \231hop count,)3.548 F 3.548<9a69>-.7 G -1.048(.e., the number of times this message has been pro-)290.162 602.8 R 2.856 -(cessed. This)102 614.8 R .356(can be determined by the)2.856 F F0<ad68>2.856 E -F1 .357(\215ag on the command line or by counting the timestamps)2.856 F -(in the message.)102 626.8 Q(The)127 643 Q F0($r)2.833 E F1(and)2.833 E F0($s) -2.833 E F1 .333(\214elds are set to the protocol used to communicate with)2.833 -F F2(sendmail)2.833 E F1 .333(and the send-)2.833 F .194(ing hostname.)102 655 -R(The)5.194 E 2.694(yc)-.15 G .194(an be set together using the)191.032 655 R -F0<ad70>2.694 E F1 .194(command line \215ag or separately using the)2.694 F F0 -<ad4d>2.695 E F1(or)102 667 Q F0(\255oM)2.5 E F1(\215ags.)2.5 E .32 LW 76 676.6 -72 676.6 DL 80 676.6 76 676.6 DL 84 676.6 80 676.6 DL 88 676.6 84 676.6 DL 92 -676.6 88 676.6 DL 96 676.6 92 676.6 DL 100 676.6 96 676.6 DL 104 676.6 100 -676.6 DL 108 676.6 104 676.6 DL 112 676.6 108 676.6 DL 116 676.6 112 676.6 DL -120 676.6 116 676.6 DL 124 676.6 120 676.6 DL 128 676.6 124 676.6 DL 132 676.6 -128 676.6 DL 136 676.6 132 676.6 DL 140 676.6 136 676.6 DL 144 676.6 140 676.6 -DL 148 676.6 144 676.6 DL 152 676.6 148 676.6 DL 156 676.6 152 676.6 DL 160 -676.6 156 676.6 DL 164 676.6 160 676.6 DL 168 676.6 164 676.6 DL 172 676.6 168 -676.6 DL 176 676.6 172 676.6 DL 180 676.6 176 676.6 DL 184 676.6 180 676.6 DL -188 676.6 184 676.6 DL 192 676.6 188 676.6 DL 196 676.6 192 676.6 DL 200 676.6 -196 676.6 DL 204 676.6 200 676.6 DL 208 676.6 204 676.6 DL 212 676.6 208 676.6 -DL 216 676.6 212 676.6 DL/F5 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(16)93.6 687 Q/F6 8 -/Times-Roman@0 SF -.12(Fo)3.2 K 2(re).12 G(xample, on some systems)115.024 -690.2 Q/F7 8/Times-Italic@0 SF -.08(ge)2 G(thostname).08 E F6 -(might return \231foo\232 which w)2 E(ould be mapped to \231foo.bar)-.08 E -(.com\232 by)-.44 E F7 -.08(ge)2 G(thostbyname).08 E F6(.)A F5(17)93.6 700.6 Q -F6(Older v)3.2 I(ersions of sendmail didn')-.12 E 2(tp)-.144 G(re-de\214ne) -211.88 703.8 Q/F8 8/Times-Bold@0 SF($j)2 E F6 -(at all, so up until 8.6, con\214g \214les)2 E F7(always)2 E F6 -(had to de\214ne)2 E F8($j)2 E F6(.)A EP -%%Page: 34 29 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-34 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(The)127 96 Q F0 -($_)2.967 E F1 .467(is set to a v)2.967 F .467(alidated sender host name.)-.25 -F .466(If the sender is running an RFC 1413 compli-)5.467 F .384 -(ant IDENT serv)102 108 R .384(er and the recei)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.884(rh) -.15 G .384(as the IDENT protocol turned on, it will include the user name) -249.254 108 R(on that host.)102 120 Q F0 2.5(5.3. C)87 144 R -(and F \212 De\214ne Classes)2.5 E F1 .66 -(Classes of phrases may be de\214ned to match on the left hand side of re)127 -160.2 R .659(writing rules, where a)-.25 F .192(\231phrase\232 is a sequence o\ -f characters that do not contain space characters.)102 172.2 R -.15(Fo)5.192 G -2.692(re).15 G .192(xample a class of all)421.582 172.2 R 1.428(local names fo\ -r this site might be created so that attempts to send to oneself can be elimin\ -ated.)102 184.2 R .041(These can either be de\214ned directly in the con\214gu\ -ration \214le or read in from another \214le.)102 196.2 R .041(Classes are) -5.041 F .649(named as a single letter or a w)102 208.2 R .649(ord in {braces}.) --.1 F .649(Class names be)5.649 F .649(ginning with lo)-.15 F .648 -(wer case letters and)-.25 F .638(special characters are reserv)102 220.2 R -.638(ed for system use.)-.15 F .639 -(Classes de\214ned in con\214g \214les may be gi)5.639 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.139 -(nn).15 G(ames)483.45 220.2 Q 1.05 -(from the set of upper case letters for short names or be)102 232.2 R 1.05 -(ginning with an upper case letter for long)-.15 F(names.)102 244.2 Q -(The syntax is:)127 260.4 Q F0(C)142 276.6 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF 1.666(cp)C -(hr)-1.666 E(ase1 phr)-.15 E(ase2...)-.15 E F0(F)142 288.6 Q F2 1.666<638c>C -(le)-1.666 E F1 .661(The \214rst form de\214nes the class)102 304.8 R F2(c) -3.161 E F1 .661(to match an)3.161 F 3.161(yo)-.15 G 3.161(ft)300.1 304.8 S .661 -(he named w)309.371 304.8 R 3.161(ords. It)-.1 F .661 -(is permissible to split them)3.161 F(among multiple lines; for e)102 316.8 Q -(xample, the tw)-.15 E 2.5(of)-.1 G(orms:)280.07 316.8 Q(CHmonet ucbmonet)142 -333 Q(and)102 349.2 Q(CHmonet)142 365.4 Q(CHucbmonet)142 377.4 Q(are equi)102 -393.6 Q -.25(va)-.25 G 2.5(lent. The).25 F -.74(``)2.5 G(F').74 E 2.5('f)-.74 G -(orm reads the elements of the class)206.65 393.6 Q F2(c)2.5 E F1 -(from the named)2.5 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F1(.)A 1.339 -(Elements of classes can be accessed in rules using)127 409.8 R F0($=)3.839 E -F1(or)3.839 E F0($~)3.839 E F1 6.339(.T)C(he)392.048 409.8 Q F0($~)3.839 E F1 -1.338(\(match entries not in)3.839 F(class\) only matches a single w)102 421.8 -Q(ord; multi-w)-.1 E(ord entries in the class are ignored in this conte)-.1 E -(xt.)-.15 E 1.098(The class)127 438 R F0($=w)3.598 E F1 1.098 -(is set to be the set of all names this host is kno)3.598 F 1.098(wn by)-.25 F -6.098(.T)-.65 G 1.098(his can be used to)428.506 438 R(match local hostnames.) -102 450 Q(The class)127 466.2 Q F0($=k)2.5 E F1(is set to be the same as)2.5 E -F0($k)2.5 E F1 2.5(,t)C(hat is, the UUCP node name.)297.69 466.2 Q(The class) -127 482.4 Q F0($=m)2.5 E F1 -(is set to the set of domains by which this host is kno)2.5 E -(wn, initially just)-.25 E F0($m)2.5 E F1(.)A .239(The class)127 498.6 R F0 -($=t)2.739 E F1 .239(is set to the set of trusted users by the)2.739 F F0(T) -2.739 E F1 .239(con\214guration line.)2.739 F .239(If you w)5.239 F .239 -(ant to read)-.1 F(trusted users from a \214le use)102 510.6 Q F0(Ft)2.5 E F2 -(/\214le/name)A F1(.)A .635(The class)127 526.8 R F0($=n)3.135 E F1 .635 -(can be set to the set of MIME body types that can ne)3.135 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -3.136(rb).15 G 3.136(ee)426.306 526.8 S .636(ight to se)438.322 526.8 R -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 3.136(nb).15 G(it)498.44 526.8 Q 2.76(encoded. It)102 538.8 R(def) -2.76 E .26(aults to \231multipart/signed\232.)-.1 F .26 -(Message types \231message/*\232 and \231multipart/*\232 are ne)5.26 F -.15(ve) --.25 G(r).15 E .942(encoded directly)102 550.8 R 5.942(.M)-.65 G .943 -(ultipart messages are al)185.994 550.8 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .943(ys handled recursi) -.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.943(.T)-.65 G .943(he handling of message/*) -399.241 550.8 R .658(messages are controlled by class)102 562.8 R F0($=s)3.158 -E F1 5.658(.T)C .657(he class)266.618 562.8 R F0($=e)3.157 E F1 .657 -(contains the Content-T)3.157 F(ransfer)-.35 E .657(-Encodings that)-.2 F .007 -(can be 8)102 574.8 R/F3 10/Symbol SF<ae>A F1 2.507(7b)C .007(it encoded.) -157.711 574.8 R .007 -(It is prede\214ned to contain \2317bit\232, \2318bit\232, and \231binary\232.) -5.007 F .007(The class)5.007 F F0($=s)2.507 E F1(con-)2.508 E 1.52 -(tains the set of subtypes of message that can be treated recursi)102 586.8 R --.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 6.52(.B)-.65 G 4.02(yd)398.58 586.8 S(ef)412.6 586.8 Q -1.52(ault it contains only)-.1 F 3.213(\231rfc822\232. Other)102 598.8 R .713 -(\231message/*\232 types cannot be 8)3.213 F F3<ae>A F1 3.214(7b)C .714 -(it encoded.)319.862 598.8 R .714(If a message containing eight bit)5.714 F -1.714(data is sent to a se)102 610.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.214(nb).15 G 1.714 -(it host, and that message cannot be encoded into se)206.314 610.8 R -.15(ve) --.25 G 4.213(nb).15 G 1.713(its, it will be)448.851 610.8 R -(stripped to 7 bits.)102 622.8 Q F2(Sendmail)127 639 Q F1 .182 -(can be compiled to allo)2.682 F 2.682(wa)-.25 G F2(scanf)A F1 .182 -(\(3\) string on the)B F0(F)2.682 E F1 2.683(line. This)2.683 F .183 -(lets you do simplistic)2.683 F .555(parsing of te)102 651 R .555(xt \214les.) --.15 F -.15(Fo)5.555 G 3.055(re).15 G .554 -(xample, to read all the user names in your system)209.595 651 R F2 -(/etc/passwd)3.054 E F1 .554(\214le into a)3.054 F(class, use)102 663 Q -(FL/etc/passwd %[^:])142 679.2 Q(which reads e)102 695.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G -(ry line up to the \214rst colon.).15 E EP -%%Page: 35 30 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-35)452.9 60 Q 2.5(5.4. M)87 96 R 2.5<8a44>2.5 G(e\214ne Mailer)138.66 -96 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(Programs and interf)127 112.2 Q -(aces to mailers are de\214ned in this line.)-.1 E(The format is:)5 E F0(M)142 -128.4 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)A F1 2.5(,{)C F2(\214eld)182.9 128.4 Q F1 -(=)A F2(value)A F1(}*)1.666 E(where)102 144.6 Q F2(name)4.244 E F1 1.744(is th\ -e name of the mailer \(used internally only\) and the \231\214eld=name\232 pai\ -rs de\214ne)4.244 F(attrib)102 156.6 Q(utes of the mailer)-.2 E 5(.F)-.55 G -(ields are:)205.13 156.6 Q -.15(Pa)142 172.8 S 51.87(th The).15 F -(pathname of the mailer)2.5 E 47.83(Flags Special)142 184.8 R -(\215ags for this mailer)2.5 E 41.73(Sender Re)142 196.8 R -(writing set\(s\) for sender addresses)-.25 E 31.17(Recipient Re)142 208.8 R -(writing set\(s\) for recipient addresses)-.25 E(Ar)142 220.8 Q 49.13(gv An) --.18 F(ar)2.5 E(gument v)-.18 E(ector to pass to this mailer)-.15 E 55.61 -(Eol The)142 232.8 R(end-of-line string for this mailer)2.5 E 35.62 -(Maxsize The)142 244.8 R(maximum message length to this mailer)2.5 E 32.27 -(Linelimit The)142 256.8 R(maximum line length in the message body)2.5 E 31.18 -(Directory The)142 268.8 R -.1(wo)2.5 G(rking directory for the mailer).1 E -42.84(Userid The)142 280.8 R(def)2.5 E(ault user and group id to run as)-.1 E -50.62(Nice The)142 292.8 R(nice\(2\) increment for the mailer)2.5 E 38.95 -(Charset The)142 304.8 R(def)2.5 E(ault character set for 8-bit characters)-.1 -E -.8(Ty)142 316.8 S 49.75(pe The).8 F -(MTS type information \(used for error messages\))2.5 E -(Only the \214rst character of the \214eld name is check)102 333 Q(ed.)-.1 E -.397(The follo)127 349.2 R .396 -(wing \215ags may be set in the mailer description.)-.25 F(An)5.396 E 2.896(yo) --.15 G .396(ther \215ags may be used freely)386.77 349.2 R .075 -(to conditionally assign headers to messages destined for particular mailers.) -102 361.2 R .075(Flags mark)5.075 F .075(ed with \207 are)-.1 F 1.193 -(not interpreted by the)102 373.2 R F2(sendmail)3.693 E F1 1.193 -(binary; these are the con)3.693 F -.15(ve)-.4 G 1.192 -(ntionally used to correlate to the \215ags).15 F .737(portion of the)102 385.2 -R F0(H)3.237 E F1 3.237(line. Flags)3.237 F(mark)3.237 E .737 -(ed with \210 apply to the mailers for the sender address rather than)-.1 F -(the usual recipient mailers.)102 397.2 Q 15.56(aR)102 413.4 S .987(un Extende\ -d SMTP \(ESMTP\) protocol \(de\214ned in RFCs 1651, 1652, and 1653\).)128.67 -413.4 R .986(This \215ag)5.987 F(def)122 425.4 Q -(aults on if the SMTP greeting message includes the w)-.1 E(ord \231ESMTP\232.) --.1 E 12.78(AL)102 441.6 S .762 -(ook up the user part of the address in the alias database.)128.11 441.6 R .763 -(Normally this is only set for local)5.762 F(mailers.)122 453.6 Q 15(bF)102 -469.8 S .456(orce a blank line on the end of a message.)127.41 469.8 R .456 -(This is intended to w)5.456 F .456(ork around some stupid v)-.1 F(er)-.15 E(-) --.2 E .361(sions of /bin/mail that require a blank line, b)122 481.8 R .362 -(ut do not pro)-.2 F .362(vide it themselv)-.15 F 2.862(es. It)-.15 F -.1(wo) -2.862 G .362(uld not nor).1 F(-)-.2 E(mally be used on netw)122 493.8 Q -(ork mail.)-.1 E 15.56(cD)102 510 S 2.663(on)129.22 510 S .163 -(ot include comments in addresses.)141.883 510 R .163 -(This should only be used if you ha)5.163 F .463 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.663(ow).15 G -.163(ork around a)453.135 510 R 1.846 -(remote mailer that gets confused by comments.)122 522 R 1.846 -(This strips addresses of the form \231Phrase)6.846 F -(<address>\232 or \231address \(Comment\)\232 do)122 534 Q -(wn to just \231address\232.)-.25 E 5.83(C\210 If)102 550.2 R .214(mail is) -2.714 F F2 -.37(re)2.714 G(ceived).37 E F1 .213 -(from a mailer with this \215ag set, an)2.713 F 2.713(ya)-.15 G .213 -(ddresses in the header that do not ha)348.169 550.2 R -.15(ve)-.2 G .97 -(an at sign \(\231@\232\) after being re)122 562.2 R .97 -(written by ruleset three will ha)-.25 F 1.27 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .97 -(he \231@domain\232 clause from).15 F(the sender en)122 574.2 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G -(lope address tack).15 E(ed on.)-.1 E(This allo)5 E -(ws mail with headers of the form:)-.25 E(From: usera@hosta)162 590.4 Q -.8(To) -162 602.4 S 2.5(:u).8 G(serb@hostb, userc)182.59 602.4 Q(to be re)122 618.6 Q -(written as:)-.25 E(From: usera@hosta)162 634.8 Q -.8(To)162 646.8 S 2.5(:u).8 -G(serb@hostb, userc@hosta)182.59 646.8 Q(automatically)122 663 Q 5(.H)-.65 G --.25(ow)190.51 663 S -2.15 -.25(ev e).25 H .8 -.4(r, i).25 H 2.5(td).4 G(oesn') -236.95 663 Q 2.5(tr)-.18 G(eally w)267.04 663 Q(ork reliably)-.1 E(.)-.65 E -5.28(D\207 This)102 679.2 R(mailer w)2.5 E(ants a \231Date:\232 header line.) --.1 E 15.56(eT)102 695.4 S .174(his mailer is e)128.11 695.4 R(xpensi)-.15 E -.474 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.674(oc).15 G .173(onnect to, so try to a)237.03 695.4 R --.2(vo)-.2 G .173(id connecting normally; an).2 F 2.673(yn)-.15 G .173 -(ecessary con-)449.687 695.4 R(nection will occur during a queue run.)122 707.4 -Q EP -%%Page: 36 31 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-36 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 13.89(EE)102 96 -S(scape lines be)128.11 96 Q -(ginning with \231From\232 in the message with a `>' sign.)-.15 E 16.67(fT)102 -112.2 S .19(he mailer w)128.11 112.2 R .19(ants a)-.1 F F0<ad66>2.69 E/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(fr)2.69 E(om)-.45 E F1 .19(\215ag, b)2.69 F .19 -(ut only if this is a netw)-.2 F .19(ork forw)-.1 F .19 -(ard operation \(i.e., the mailer)-.1 F(will gi)122 124.2 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -2.5(ne).15 G(rror if the e)175.76 124.2 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G -(cuting user does not ha).15 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H(pecial permissions\).).15 E -6.94(F\207 This)102 140.4 R(mailer w)2.5 E(ants a \231From:\232 header line.) --.1 E 15(gN)102 156.6 S(ormally)129.22 156.6 Q(,)-.65 E F2(sendmail)4.893 E F1 -2.393(sends internally generated email \(e.g., error messages\) using the null) -4.893 F 1.327(return address as required by RFC 1123.)122 168.6 R(Ho)6.327 E -(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.127 -.4(r, s).15 H 1.327(ome mailers don').4 F -3.827(ta)-.18 G 1.328(ccept a null return)427.537 168.6 R 3.311(address. If)122 -180.6 R(necessary)3.311 E 3.311(,y)-.65 G .811(ou can set the)219.303 180.6 R -F0(g)3.311 E F1 .811(\215ag to pre)3.311 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt).15 E F2(sendmail) -3.31 E F1 .81(from obe)3.31 F .81(ying the standards;)-.15 F 1.57 -(error messages will be sent as from the MAILER-D)122 192.6 R 1.57 -(AEMON \(actually)-.4 F 4.07(,t)-.65 G 1.57(he v)425.76 192.6 R 1.57 -(alue of the)-.25 F F0($n)4.07 E F1(macro\).)122 204.6 Q 15(hU)102 220.8 S -(pper case should be preserv)129.22 220.8 Q(ed in host names for this mailer) --.15 E(.)-.55 E 16.67(IT)102 237 S .475 -(his mailer will be speaking SMTP to another)128.11 237 R F2(sendmail)2.974 E -F1 2.974<8a61>2.974 G 2.974(ss)370.066 237 S .474 -(uch it can use special protocol)380.82 237 R 3.632(features. This)122 249 R -1.133(option is not required \(i.e., if this option is omitted the transmissio\ -n will still)3.632 F(operate successfully)122 261 Q 2.5(,a)-.65 G -(lthough perhaps not as ef)211.6 261 Q(\214ciently as possible\).)-.25 E 15(kN) -102 277.2 S 1.03(ormally when)129.22 277.2 R F2(sendmail)3.53 E F1 1.03 -(connects to a host via SMTP)3.53 F 3.529(,i)-1.11 G 3.529(tc)356.257 277.2 S -1.029(hecks to mak)367.006 277.2 R 3.529(es)-.1 G 1.029(ure that this isn') -433.593 277.2 R(t)-.18 E .562(accidently the same host name as might happen if) -122 289.2 R F2(sendmail)3.062 E F1 .562(is miscon\214gured or if a long-haul) -3.062 F(netw)122 301.2 Q 1.074(ork interf)-.1 F 1.074 -(ace is set in loopback mode.)-.1 F 1.073 -(This \215ag disables the loopback check.)6.074 F 1.073(It should)6.073 F -(only be used under v)122 313.2 Q(ery unusual circumstances.)-.15 E 12.78(KC) -102 329.4 S(urrently unimplemented.)128.67 329.4 Q(Reserv)5 E(ed for chunking.) --.15 E 17.22(lT)102 345.6 S(his mailer is local \(i.e., \214nal deli)128.11 -345.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry will be performed\).).15 E 13.89(LL)102 361.8 S .819 -(imit the line lengths as speci\214ed in RFC821.)128.11 361.8 R .82 -(This deprecated option should be replaced by)5.819 F(the)122 373.8 Q F0(L=)2.5 -E F1(mail declaration.)2.5 E -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(rh).15 G(istoric reasons, the) -245.04 373.8 Q F0(L)2.5 E F1(\215ag also sets the)2.5 E F0(7)2.5 E F1(\215ag.) -2.5 E 12.22(mT)102 390 S .464 -(his mailer can send to multiple users on the same host in one transaction.) -128.11 390 R .463(When a)5.463 F F0($u)2.963 E F1(macro)2.963 E .731 -(occurs in the)122 402 R F2(ar)3.231 E(gv)-.37 E F1 .732(part of the mailer de\ -\214nition, that \214eld will be repeated as necessary for all)3.231 F -(qualifying users.)122 414 Q 3.61(M\207 This)102 430.2 R(mailer w)2.5 E -(ants a \231Message-Id:\232 header line.)-.1 E 15(nD)102 446.4 S 2.5(on)129.22 -446.4 S(ot insert a UNIX-style \231From\232 line on the front of the message.) -141.72 446.4 Q 15(oA)102 462.6 S -.1(lwa)129.22 462.6 S .816(ys run as the o).1 -F .816(wner of the recipient mailbox.)-.25 F(Normally)5.816 E F2(sendmail)3.316 -E F1 .816(runs as the sender for)3.316 F .198 -(locally generated mail or as \231daemon\232 \(actually)122 474.6 R 2.698(,t) --.65 G .198(he user speci\214ed in the)321.576 474.6 R F0(u)2.698 E F1 .198 -(option\) when deli)2.698 F(v-)-.25 E .981(ering netw)122 486.6 R .981 -(ork mail.)-.1 F .981(The normal beha)5.981 F .981 -(viour is required by most local mailers, which will not)-.2 F(allo)122 498.6 Q -2.52(wt)-.25 G .02(he en)149.27 498.6 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .021 -(lope sender address to be set unless the mailer is running as daemon.).15 F -.021(This \215ag is)5.021 F(ignored if the)122 510.6 Q F0(S)2.5 E F1 -(\215ag is set.)2.5 E 15(pU)102 526.8 S .498(se the route-addr style re)129.22 -526.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .498(rse-path in the SMTP \231MAIL FR).15 F .497 -(OM:\232 command rather than just)-.4 F .385 -(the return address; although this is required in RFC821 section 3.1, man)122 -538.8 R 2.886(yh)-.15 G .386(osts do not process)427.012 538.8 R(re)122 550.8 Q --.15(ve)-.25 G(rse-paths properly).15 E 5(.R)-.65 G -2.15 -.25(ev e)224.81 -550.8 T(rse-paths are of).25 E(\214cially discouraged by RFC 1123.)-.25 E 6.94 -(P\207 This)102 567 R(mailer w)2.5 E(ants a \231Return-P)-.1 E(ath:\232 line.) --.15 E 16.67(rS)102 583.2 S(ame as)127.56 583.2 Q F0(f)2.5 E F1 2.5(,b)C -(ut sends a)170.68 583.2 Q F0<ad72>2.5 E F1(\215ag.)2.5 E 16.11(sS)102 599.4 S -(trip quote characters \(" and \\\) of)127.56 599.4 Q 2.5(fo)-.25 G 2.5(ft) -266.07 599.4 S(he address before calling the mailer)274.68 599.4 Q(.)-.55 E -14.44(SD)102 615.6 S(on')129.22 615.6 Q 3.332(tr)-.18 G .832 -(eset the userid before calling the mailer)151.812 615.6 R 5.831(.T)-.55 G .831 -(his w)328.433 615.6 R .831(ould be used in a secure en)-.1 F(vironment)-.4 E -(where)122 627.6 Q F2(sendmail)3.317 E F1 .817(ran as root.)3.317 F .817 -(This could be used to a)5.817 F -.2(vo)-.2 G .817(id for).2 F .817 -(ged addresses.)-.18 F .817(If the)5.817 F F0(U=)3.317 E F1 .818(\214eld is) -3.317 F .974(also speci\214ed, this \215ag causes the user id to al)122 639.6 R --.1(wa)-.1 G .974(ys be set to that user and group \(instead of).1 F(lea)122 -651.6 Q(ving it as root\).)-.2 E 15(uU)102 667.8 S(pper case should be preserv) -129.22 667.8 Q(ed in user names for this mailer)-.15 E(.)-.55 E 12.78(UT)102 -684 S(his mailer w)128.11 684 Q(ants UUCP-style \231From\232 lines with the ug\ -ly \231remote from <host>\232 on the end.)-.1 E 12.78(wT)102 700.2 S .565 -(he user must ha)128.11 700.2 R .865 -.15(ve a v)-.2 H .566 -(alid account on this machine, i.e., getpwnam must succeed.)-.1 F .566 -(If not, the)5.566 F(mail is bounced.)122 712.2 Q -(This is required to get \231.forw)5 E(ard\232 capability)-.1 E(.)-.65 E EP -%%Page: 37 32 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-37)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 7.5(x\207 This)102 96 R(mailer w) -2.5 E(ants a \231Full-Name:\232 header line.)-.1 E 12.78(XT)102 112.2 S .972 -(his mailer w)128.11 112.2 R .972 -(ant to use the hidden dot algorithm as speci\214ed in RFC821; basically)-.1 F -3.472(,a)-.65 G 1.272 -.15(ny l)475.678 112.2 T(ine).15 E(be)122 124.2 Q .796 -(ginning with a dot will ha)-.15 F 1.096 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 3.296(ne).15 G .797 -(xtra dot prepended \(to be stripped at the other end\).)267.742 124.2 R(This) -5.797 E(insures that lines in the message containing a dot will not terminate \ -the message prematurely)122 136.2 Q(.)-.65 E 15(5I)102 152.4 S 2.717(fn)125.33 -152.4 S 2.717(oa)136.377 152.4 S .217(liases are found for this address, pass \ -the address through ruleset 5 for possible alternate)148.534 152.4 R 2.5 -(resolution. This)122 164.4 R(is intended to forw)2.5 E -(ard the mail to an alternate deli)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry spot.).15 E 15(7S) -102 180.6 S 1.14(trip all output to se)127.56 180.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.64(nb) -.15 G 3.64(its. This)230.36 180.6 R 1.14(is the def)3.64 F 1.141(ault if the) --.1 F F0(L)3.641 E F1 1.141(\215ag is set.)3.641 F 1.141 -(Note that clearing this)6.141 F .295(option is not suf)122 192.6 R .295 -(\214cient to get full eight bit data passed through)-.25 F/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.795 E F1 5.295(.I)C 2.795(ft)423.635 192.6 S(he) -432.54 192.6 Q F0(7)2.795 E F1 .295(option is set,)2.795 F .716 -(this is essentially al)122 204.6 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .717 -(ys set, since the eighth bit w).1 F .717(as stripped on input.)-.1 F .717 -(Note that this option)5.717 F(will only impact messages that didn')122 216.6 Q -2.5(th)-.18 G -2.25 -.2(av e)279.04 216.6 T(8)2.7 E/F3 10/Symbol SF<ae>A F1 2.5 -(7b)C(it MIME con)322.44 216.6 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G(rsions performed.).15 E 15(8I) -102 232.8 S 3.783(fs)125.33 232.8 S 1.283(et, it is acceptable to send eight b\ -it data to this mailer; the usual attempt to do 8)136.333 232.8 R F3<ae>A F1 -3.782(7b)C(it)498.44 232.8 Q(MIME con)122 244.8 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G -(rsions will be bypassed.).15 E 17.22(:C)102 261 S .982 -(heck addresses to see if the)128.67 261 R 3.482(yb)-.15 G -.15(eg)255.492 261 -S .982(in \231:include:\232; if the).15 F 3.482(yd)-.15 G .982(o, con)361.33 -261 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .982(rt them to the \231*include*\232).15 F(mailer)122 273 -Q(.)-.55 E 18(|C)102 289.2 S(heck addresses to see if the)128.67 289.2 Q 2.5 -(yb)-.15 G -.15(eg)249.6 289.2 S(in with a `|'; if the).15 E 2.5(yd)-.15 G -(o, con)343.51 289.2 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G(rt them to the \231prog\232 mailer).15 E -(.)-.55 E 17.22(/C)102 305.4 S(heck addresses to see if the)128.67 305.4 Q 2.5 -(yb)-.15 G -.15(eg)249.6 305.4 S(in with a `/'; if the).15 E 2.5(yd)-.15 G -(o, con)344.29 305.4 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G(rt them to the \231*\214le*\232 mailer).15 -E(.)-.55 E 10.79(@L)102 321.6 S(ook up addresses in the user database.)128.11 -321.6 Q .268(Con\214guration \214les prior to le)127 337.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G -2.768(l6a).15 G .268(ssume the `)271.538 337.8 R -1.11(A')-.8 G 2.768(,`)1.11 G -.268(w', `5', `:', `|', `/', and `@' options on the)334.862 337.8 R -(mailer named \231local\232.)102 349.8 Q .306(The mailer with the special name\ - \231error\232 can be used to generate a user error)127 366 R 5.306(.T)-.55 G -.306(he \(optional\))452.314 366 R .324(host \214eld is an e)102 378 R .323 -(xit status to be returned, and the user \214eld is a message to be printed.) --.15 F .323(The e)5.323 F .323(xit sta-)-.15 F .891 -(tus may be numeric or one of the v)102 390 R .891(alues USA)-.25 F .891 -(GE, NOUSER, NOHOST)-.4 F 3.391(,U)-.74 G -.35(NA)409.869 390 S -1.35(VA)-1 G -.891(ILABLE, SOFT)1.35 F(-)-.92 E -1.2(WA)102 402 S 1.573(RE, TEMPF)1.2 F 1.573 -(AIL, PR)-.74 F -1.88 -.4(OT O)-.4 H 1.573 -(COL, or CONFIG to return the corresponding EX_ e).4 F 1.572(xit code.)-.15 F --.15(Fo)6.572 G(r).15 E -.15(ex)102 414 S(ample, the entry:).15 E -($#error $@ NOHOST $: Host unkno)142 430.2 Q(wn in this domain)-.25 E .145(on \ -the RHS of a rule will cause the speci\214ed error to be generated and the \ -\231Host unkno)102 446.4 R .146(wn\232 e)-.25 F .146(xit sta-)-.15 F -(tus to be returned if the LHS matches.)102 458.4 Q -(This mailer is only functional in rulesets zero or \214v)5 E(e.)-.15 E .468 -(The mailer named \231local\232)127 474.6 R F2(must)2.968 E F1 .468 -(be de\214ned in e)2.968 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .468(ry con\214guration \214le.).15 F -.468(This is used to deli)5.468 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E .25 -(local mail, and is treated specially in se)102 486.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .25 -(ral w).15 F 2.75(ays. Additionally)-.1 F 2.75(,t)-.65 G .25 -(hree other mailers named \231prog\232,)369.43 486.6 R .942 -(\231*\214le*\232, and \231*include*\232 may be de\214ned to tune the deli)102 -498.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .942(ry of messages to programs, \214les, and).15 F -(:include: lists respecti)102 510.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5(.T)-.65 G(he) -219 510.6 Q 2.5(yd)-.15 G(ef)240.79 510.6 Q(ault to:)-.1 E -(Mprog, P=/bin/sh, F=lsD, A=sh \255c $u)142 526.8 Q(M*\214le*, P=/de)142 538.8 -Q(v/null, F=lsDFMPEu, A=FILE)-.25 E(M*include*, P=/de)142 550.8 Q -(v/null, F=su, A=INCLUDE)-.25 E .615(The Sender and Recipient re)127 571.2 R -.615(writing sets may either be a simple ruleset id or may be tw)-.25 F 3.116 -(oi)-.1 G(ds)495.11 571.2 Q .576(separated by a slash; if so, the \214rst re) -102 583.2 R .575(writing set is applied to en)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .575 -(lope addresses and the second is).15 F(applied to headers.)102 595.2 Q .196 -(The Directory is actually a colon-separated path of directories to try)127 -611.4 R 5.197(.F)-.65 G .197(or e)413.019 611.4 R .197(xample, the de\214ni-) --.15 F .104(tion \231D=$z:/\232 \214rst tries to e)102 623.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G -.104(cute in the recipient').15 F 2.604(sh)-.55 G .104 -(ome directory; if that is not a)315.196 623.4 R -.25(va)-.2 G .103 -(ilable, it tries to).25 F -.15(exe)102 635.4 S .816 -(cute in the root of the \214lesystem.).15 F .816 -(This is intended to be used only on the \231prog\232 mailer)5.816 F 3.317(,s) --.4 G(ince)487.34 635.4 Q .368(some shells \(such as)102 647.4 R F2(csh)2.868 E -F1 2.868(\)r)C .368(efuse to e)210.21 647.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .368(cute if the) -.15 F 2.868(yc)-.15 G .367(annot read the home directory)311.29 647.4 R 5.367 -(.S)-.65 G .367(ince the queue)445.506 647.4 R -(directory is not normally readable by unpri)102 659.4 Q(vile)-.25 E(ged users) --.15 E F2(csh)2.5 E F1(scripts as recipients can f)2.5 E(ail.)-.1 E 1.862 -(The Userid speci\214es the def)127 675.6 R 1.863 -(ault user and group id to run as, o)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.863(rriding the).15 -F F0(DefaultUser)4.363 E F1 .287(option \(q.v)102 687.6 R 2.787(.\). If)-.65 F -(the)2.787 E F0(S)2.787 E F1 .287(mailer \215ag is also speci\214ed, this is t\ -he user and group to run as in all circum-)2.787 F 2.587(stances. This)102 -699.6 R .088(may be gi)2.587 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.588(na).15 G(s)219.518 699.6 Q -F2(user:gr)2.588 E(oup)-.45 E F1 .088 -(to set both the user and group id; either may be an inte)2.588 F(ger)-.15 E -.541(or a symbolic name to be look)102 711.6 R .541(ed up in the)-.1 F F2 -(passwd)3.041 E F1(and)3.041 E F2(gr)3.041 E(oup)-.45 E F1 .541 -(\214les respecti)3.041 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.541(.I)-.65 G 3.041(fo) -432.657 711.6 S .541(nly a symbolic)444.028 711.6 R -(user name is speci\214ed, the group id in the)102 723.6 Q F2(passwd)2.5 E F1 -(\214le for that user is used as the group id.)2.5 E EP -%%Page: 38 33 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-38 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .545 -(The Charset \214eld is used when con)127 96 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .545 -(rting a message to MIME; this is the character set used).15 F .466 -(in the Content-T)102 108 R .466(ype: header)-.8 F 5.466(.I)-.55 G 2.966(ft) -225.824 108 S .466(his is not set, the)234.9 108 R F0(DefaultCharset)2.966 E F1 -.465(option is used, and if that is not)2.965 F .257(set, the v)102 120 R .257 -(alue \231unkno)-.25 F .257(wn-8bit\232 is used.)-.25 F F0 -1.2(WA)5.257 G -(RNING:)1.2 E F1 .257(this \214eld applies to the sender')2.757 F 2.758(sm)-.55 -G(ailer)453.614 120 Q 2.758(,n)-.4 G .258(ot the)481.242 120 R(recipient')102 -132 Q 2.702(sm)-.55 G(ailer)154.142 132 Q 5.202(.F)-.55 G .202(or e)184.474 132 -R .202(xample, if the en)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .201 -(lope sender address lists an address on the local netw).15 F(ork)-.1 E .48 -(and the recipient is on an e)102 144 R .48(xternal netw)-.15 F .48 -(ork, the character set will be set from the Charset= \214eld for)-.1 F -(the local netw)102 156 Q(ork mailer)-.1 E 2.5(,n)-.4 G(ot that of the e)208.98 -156 Q(xternal netw)-.15 E(ork mailer)-.1 E(.)-.55 E .795(The T)127 172.2 R .795 -(ype= \214eld sets the type information used in MIME error messages as de\214n\ -ed by RFC)-.8 F .15(XXX \(not yet published\).)102 184.2 R .15 -(It is actually three v)5.15 F .151(alues separated by slashes: the MT)-.25 F -.151(A-type \(that is, the)-.93 F .36(description of ho)102 196.2 R 2.86(wh) --.25 G .359(osts are named\), the address type \(the description of e-mail add\ -resses\), and the)185.32 196.2 R .221 -(diagnostic type \(the description of error diagnostic codes\).)102 208.2 R -.222(Each of these must be a re)5.221 F .222(gistered v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E -(or be)102 220.2 Q(gin with \231X\255\232.)-.15 E(The def)5 E -(ault is \231dns/rfc822/smtp\232.)-.1 E F0 2.5(5.5. H)87 244.2 R 2.5<8a44>2.5 G -(e\214ne Header)137 244.2 Q F1 1.136(The format of the header lines that)127 -260.4 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.636 E F1 1.135 -(inserts into the message are de\214ned by the)3.636 F F0(H)3.635 E F1 2.5 -(line. The)102 272.4 R(syntax of this line is:)2.5 E F0(H)142 288.6 Q F1([)A F0 -(?)A F2(m\215a)A(gs)-.1 E F0(?)A F1(])A F2(hname)A F0(:)A F2(htemplate)2.5 E F1 -1.058(Continuation lines in this spec are re\215ected directly into the outgoi\ -ng message.)102 304.8 R(The)6.058 E F2(htemplate)3.558 E F1(is)3.558 E 1.098 -(macro e)102 316.8 R 1.098(xpanded before insertion into the message.)-.15 F -1.098(If the)6.098 F F2(m\215a)3.598 E(gs)-.1 E F1 1.097 -(\(surrounded by question marks\))3.597 F .161(are speci\214ed, at least one o\ -f the speci\214ed \215ags must be stated in the mailer de\214nition for this h\ -eader)102 328.8 R .192(to be automatically output.)102 340.8 R .191 -(If one of these headers is in the input it is re\215ected to the output re) -5.192 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(rd-).05 E(less of these \215ags.)102 352.8 Q -(Some headers ha)127 369 Q .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H -(pecial semantics that will be described later).15 E(.)-.55 E F0 2.5(5.6. O)87 -393 R 2.5<8a53>2.5 G(et Option)135.34 393 Q F1 .962(There are a number of glob\ -al options that can be set from a con\214guration \214le.)127 409.2 R .963 -(Options are)5.963 F .86(represented by full w)102 421.2 R .86 -(ords; some are also representable as single characters for back compatibility) --.1 F(.)-.65 E(The syntax of this line is:)102 433.2 Q F0(O)142 449.4 Q F2 -(option)7.5 E F0(=)A F2(value)A F1 .562(This sets option)102 465.6 R F2(option) -3.062 E F1 .562(to be)3.062 F F2(value)3.062 E F1 5.562(.N)C .562 -(ote that there)258.434 465.6 R F2(must)3.062 E F1 .562 -(be a space between the letter `O' and the)3.062 F(name of the option.)102 -477.6 Q(An older v)5 E(ersion is:)-.15 E F0(O)142 493.8 Q F2 1.666(ov)C(alue) --1.666 E F1 .13(where the option)102 510 R F2(o)2.63 E F1 .13 -(is a single character)2.63 F 5.13(.D)-.55 G .13(epending on the option,)273.56 -510 R F2(value)2.63 E F1 .13(may be a string, an inte)2.63 F(ger)-.15 E(,)-.4 E -2.5(ab)102 522 S(oolean \(with le)113.94 522 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.5(lv).05 G -(alues \231t\232, \231T\232, \231f\232, or \231F\232; the def)193.2 522 Q -(ault is TR)-.1 E(UE\), or a time interv)-.4 E(al.)-.25 E -(The options supported \(with the old, one character names in brack)127 538.2 Q -(ets\) are:)-.1 E(AliasFile=)102 554.4 Q F2(spec, spec, ...)A F1 .439 -([A] Specify possible alias \214le\(s\).)174 566.4 R(Each)5.439 E F2(spec)2.939 -E F1 .439(should be in the format `)2.939 F(`)-.74 E F2(class)A F0(:)A F2 -(\214le)2.94 E F1 -.74('')C(where)174 578.4 Q F2(class)3.1 E F0(:)A F1 .599 -(is optional and def)3.099 F .599(aults to `)-.1 F(`implicit')-.74 E 3.099 -('. Depending)-.74 F .599(on ho)3.099 F(w)-.25 E F2(sendmail)3.099 E F1 .186 -(is compiled, v)174 590.4 R .187(alid classes are \231implicit\232 \(search th\ -rough a compiled-in list of alias)-.25 F 2.055 -(\214le types, for back compatibility\), \231hash\232 \(if)174 602.4 R/F3 9 -/Times-Roman@0 SF(NEWDB)4.555 E F1 2.055(is speci\214ed\), \231dbm\232 \(if) -4.555 F F3(NDBM)174 614.4 Q F1 1.588(is speci\214ed\), \231stab\232 \(internal\ - symbol table \212 not normally used unless)4.088 F .075(you ha)174 626.4 R -.375 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.575(oo).15 G .075 -(ther database lookup\), or \231nis\232 \(if)230.255 626.4 R F3(NIS)2.574 E F1 -.074(is speci\214ed\).)2.574 F .074(If a list of)5.074 F F2(spec)2.574 E F1(s)A -(are pro)174 638.4 Q(vided,)-.15 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(searches them in order) -2.5 E(.)-.55 E(AliasW)102 654.6 Q(ait=)-.8 E F2(timeout)A F1 .14([a] If set, w) -174 666.6 R .14(ait up to)-.1 F F2(timeout)2.64 E F1 .141(\(units def)2.641 F -.141(ault to minutes\) for an \231@:@\232 entry to e)-.1 F(xist)-.15 E .518 -(in the alias database before starting up.)174 678.6 R .517 -(If it does not appear in the)5.517 F F2(timeout)3.017 E F1(inter)3.017 E(-)-.2 -E -.25(va)174 690.6 S 3.21(lr).25 G(eb)192.51 690.6 Q .71 -(uild the database \(if the)-.2 F F0 -.5(Au)3.21 G(toReb).5 E(uildAliases)-.2 E -F1 .71(option is also set\) or issue a)3.21 F -.1(wa)174 702.6 S(rning.).1 E EP -%%Page: 39 34 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-39)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(AutoReb)102 96 Q(uildAliases)-.2 E -.128([D] If set, reb)174 108 R .128 -(uild the alias database if necessary and possible.)-.2 F .128 -(If this option is not)5.128 F(set,)174 120 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail) -4.885 E F1 2.385(will ne)4.885 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.885(rr).15 G(eb)283.96 120 Q -2.385(uild the alias database unless e)-.2 F 2.385(xplicitly requested)-.15 F -(using)174 132 Q F0(\255bi)2.5 E F1 5(.N)C -(ot recommended \212 can cause thrashing.)226.93 132 Q(BlankSub=)102 148.2 Q F2 -(c)A F1 1.255([B] Set the blank substitution character to)174 148.2 R F2(c) -3.755 E F1 6.255(.U)C 1.255(nquoted spaces in addresses are)372.35 148.2 R -(replaced by this character)174 160.2 Q 5(.D)-.55 G(ef)290.63 160.2 Q -(aults to space \(i.e., no change is made\).)-.1 E 14.51(CheckAliases [n])102 -176.4 R -1.11(Va)2.5 G(lidate the RHS of aliases when reb)1.11 E -(uilding the alias database.)-.2 E(CheckpointInterv)102 192.6 Q(al=)-.25 E F2 -(N)A F1 1.296([C] Checkpoints the queue e)174 204.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E -F2(N)3.797 E F1(\(def)3.797 E 1.297(ault 10\) addresses sent.)-.1 F 1.297 -(If your system)6.297 F .747(crashes during deli)174 216.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G -.746(ry to a lar).15 F .746(ge list, this pre)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .746 -(nts retransmission to an).15 F 3.246(yb)-.15 G .746(ut the)480.754 216.6 R -(last recipients.)174 228.6 Q(ClassF)102 244.8 Q(actor=)-.15 E F2(fact)A F1 -1.624([z] The indicated)4.29 F F2(fact)4.124 E F1 1.624 -(or is multiplied by the message class \(determined by the)B .719 -(Precedence: \214eld in the user header and the)174 256.8 R F0(P)3.219 E F1 -.718(lines in the con\214guration \214le\) and)3.218 F 2.637 -(subtracted from the priority)174 268.8 R 7.637(.T)-.65 G 2.637 -(hus, messages with a higher Priority: will be)307.768 268.8 R -.1(fa)174 280.8 -S -.2(vo)-.1 G 2.5(red. Def).2 F(aults to 1800.)-.1 E 3.95(ColonOkInAddr [no) -102 297 R 4.679 -(short name] If set, colons are acceptable in e-mail addresses \(e.g.,)7.18 F -3.54(\231host:user\232\). If)174 309 R 1.04(not set, colons indicate the be) -3.54 F 1.04(ginning of a RFC 822 group con-)-.15 F 1.988 -(struct \(\231groupname: member1, member2, ... memberN;\232\).)174 321 R 1.987 -(Doubled colons are)6.987 F(al)174 333 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G 2.215(ys acceptable \(\ -\231nodename::user\232\) and proper route-addr nesting is under).1 F(-)-.2 E -1.037(stood \(\231<@relay:user@host>\232\).)174 345 R 1.037 -(Furthermore, this option def)6.037 F 1.036(aults on if the con-)-.1 F .853 -(\214guration v)174 357 R .853(ersion le)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.353(li).15 G -3.353(sl)274.059 357 S .853(ess than 6 \(for back compatibility\).)284.082 357 -R(Ho)5.854 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.654 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.354(tm).4 G(ust) -492.33 357 Q(be of)174 369 Q 2.5(ff)-.25 G(or full compatibility with RFC 822.) -203.18 369 Q(ConnectionCacheSize=)102 385.2 Q F2(N)A F1 .242 -([k] The maximum number of open connections that will be cached at a time.)174 -397.2 R(The)5.242 E(def)174 409.2 Q .385(ault is one.)-.1 F .386 -(This delays closing the current connection until either this in)5.386 F -.2 -(vo)-.4 G(ca-).2 E 1.192(tion of)174 421.2 R F2(sendmail)3.692 E F1 1.191 -(needs to connect to another host or it terminates.)3.692 F 1.191 -(Setting it to)6.191 F 2.046(zero def)174 433.2 R 2.046(aults to the old beha) --.1 F(vior)-.2 E 4.546(,t)-.4 G 2.047 -(hat is, connections are closed immediately)322.496 433.2 R(.)-.65 E .266 -(Since this consumes \214le descriptors, the connection cache should be k)174 -445.2 R .265(ept small: 4)-.1 F(is probably a practical maximum.)174 457.2 Q -(ConnectionCacheT)102 473.4 Q(imeout=)-.35 E F2(timeout)A F1 .708 -([K] The maximum amount of time a cached connection will be permitted to idle) -174 485.4 R 1.083(without acti)174 497.4 R(vity)-.25 E 6.083(.I)-.65 G 3.583 -(ft)249.156 497.4 S 1.083(his time is e)258.849 497.4 R 1.082 -(xceeded, the connection is immediately closed.)-.15 F .417(This v)174 509.4 R -.418(alue should be small \(on the order of ten minutes\).)-.25 F(Before)5.418 -E F2(sendmail)2.918 E F1 .418(uses a)2.918 F .508(cached connection, it al)174 -521.4 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .507(ys sends a RSET command to check the connection; if) -.1 F .401(this f)174 533.4 R .401(ails, it reopens the connection.)-.1 F .401 -(This k)5.401 F .402(eeps your end from f)-.1 F .402(ailing if the other)-.1 F -1.545(end times out.)174 545.4 R 1.545 -(The point of this option is to be a good netw)6.545 F 1.544(ork neighbor and) --.1 F -.2(avo)174 557.4 S(id using up e).2 E(xcessi)-.15 E .3 -.15(ve r)-.25 H -(esources on the other end.).15 E(The def)5 E(ault is \214v)-.1 E 2.5(em)-.15 G -(inutes.)470.25 557.4 Q(DaemonPortOptions=)102 573.6 Q F2(options)A F1 -([O] Set serv)174 585.6 Q(er SMTP options.)-.15 E(The options are)5 E F2 -.1 -(ke)2.5 G(y=value)-.2 E F1 2.5(pairs. Kno)2.5 F(wn k)-.25 E -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5 -(sa).15 G(re:)490.2 585.6 Q 52.83(Port Name/number)214 601.8 R -(of listening port \(def)2.5 E(aults to "smtp"\))-.1 E 48.95(Addr Address)214 -613.8 R(mask \(def)2.5 E(aults IN)-.1 E(ADDR_ANY\))-.35 E -.15(Fa)214 625.8 S -41.31(mily Address).15 F -.1(fa)2.5 G(mily \(def).1 E(aults to INET\))-.1 E -44.5(Listen Size)214 637.8 R(of listen queue \(def)2.5 E(aults to 10\))-.1 E -21.72(SndBufSize Size)214 649.8 R(of TCP send b)2.5 E(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 21.17 -(RcvBufSize Size)214 661.8 R(of TCP recei)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve b)-.25 H(uf)-.05 E -(fer)-.25 E(The)174 678 Q F2(Addr)2.5 E F1 -(ess mask may be a numeric address in dot notation or a netw)A(ork name.)-.1 E -(Def)102 694.2 Q(aultCharSet=)-.1 E F2 -.15(ch)C(ar).15 E(set)-.1 E F1 .16 -([no short name] When a message that has 8-bit characters b)174 706.2 R .161 -(ut is not in MIME for)-.2 F(-)-.2 E .495(mat is con)174 718.2 R -.15(ve)-.4 G -.495(rted to MIME \(see the EightBitMode option\) a character set must be).15 F -EP -%%Page: 40 35 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-40 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .487 -(included in the Content-T)174 96 R .487(ype: header)-.8 F 5.487(.T)-.55 G .488 -(his character set is normally set from the)338.115 96 R .133 -(Charset= \214eld of the mailer descriptor)174 108 R 5.133(.I)-.55 G 2.633(ft) -337.64 108 S .133(hat is not set, the v)346.383 108 R .133 -(alue of this option is)-.25 F 2.5(used. If)174 120 R -(this option is not set, the v)2.5 E(alue \231unkno)-.25 E -(wn-8bit\232 is used.)-.25 E(Def)102 136.2 Q(aultUser=)-.1 E/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(user:gr)A(oup)-.45 E F1 .013([u] Set the def)174 148.2 R -.013(ault userid for mailers to)-.1 F F2(user:gr)2.513 E(oup)-.45 E F1 5.013 -(.I)C(f)386.587 148.2 Q F2(gr)2.513 E(oup)-.45 E F1 .014(is omitted and)2.514 F -F2(user)2.514 E F1(is)2.514 E 4.307(au)174 160.2 S 1.807 -(ser name \(as opposed to a numeric user id\) the def)187.747 160.2 R 1.806 -(ault group listed in the)-.1 F 1.153 -(/etc/passwd \214le for that user is used as the def)174 172.2 R 1.153 -(ault group.)-.1 F(Both)6.153 E F2(user)3.653 E F1(and)3.653 E F2(gr)3.653 E -(oup)-.45 E F1 1.153(may be numeric.)174 184.2 R 1.152(Mailers without the) -6.152 F F2(S)3.652 E F1 1.152(\215ag in the mailer de\214nition will run as) -3.652 F .142(this user)174 198.2 R 5.142(.D)-.55 G(ef)222.064 198.2 Q .142 -(aults to 1:1.)-.1 F .142(The v)5.142 F .142(alue can also be gi)-.25 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 2.642(na).15 G 2.642(sas)400.612 198.2 S .142(ymbolic user name.) -418.116 198.2 R/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(18)497 194.2 Q F1(Deli)102 214.4 Q -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(ryMode=).15 E F2(x)A F1([d] Deli)4 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G 2.5 -(nm)223.03 214.4 S(ode)238.31 214.4 Q F2(x)2.5 E F1 5(.L)C -2.25 -.15(eg a) -273.3 214.4 T 2.5(lm).15 G(odes are:)300.04 214.4 Q 17.22(iD)214 230.6 S(eli) -241.22 230.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G(nteracti)268.87 230.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 -G(ly \(synchronously\)).15 E 15(bD)214 242.6 S(eli)241.22 242.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 -G 2.5(ri).15 G 2.5(nb)268.87 242.6 S(ackground \(asynchronously\))281.37 242.6 -Q 15(qJ)214 254.6 S(ust queue the message \(deli)237.89 254.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G -2.5(rd).15 G(uring queue run\))367.74 254.6 Q 15(dD)214 266.6 S(efer deli) -241.22 266.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry and all map lookups \(deli).15 E -.15(ve)-.25 -G 2.5(rd).15 G(uring queue run\))415.66 266.6 Q(Def)174 282.8 Q .712 -(aults to `)-.1 F(`b')-.74 E 3.212('i)-.74 G 3.212(fn)244.816 282.8 S 3.211(oo) -256.358 282.8 S .711(ption is speci\214ed, `)269.569 282.8 R(`i')-.74 E 3.211 -('i)-.74 G 3.211(fi)365.093 282.8 S 3.211(ti)374.414 282.8 S 3.211(ss)383.185 -282.8 S .711(peci\214ed b)394.176 282.8 R .711(ut gi)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.211 -(nn).15 G 3.211(oa)474.869 282.8 S -.18(rg)487.52 282.8 S(u-).18 E .094 -(ment \(i.e., `)174 294.8 R(`Od')-.74 E 2.594('i)-.74 G 2.594(se)246.672 294.8 -S(qui)257.596 294.8 Q -.25(va)-.25 G .094(lent to `).25 F(`Odi')-.74 E 2.594 -('\). The)-.74 F F0<ad76>2.594 E F1 .094(command line \215ag sets this to)2.594 -F F0(i)2.594 E F1(.)A(DialDelay=)102 311 Q F2(sleeptime)A F1 .799 -([no short name] Dial-on-demand netw)174 323 R .798 -(ork connections can see timeouts if a con-)-.1 F .665 -(nection is opened before the call is set up.)174 335 R .665 -(If this is set to an interv)5.665 F .665(al and a con-)-.25 F .743 -(nection times out on the \214rst connection being attempted)174 347 R F2 -(sendmail)3.242 E F1 .742(will sleep for)3.242 F .31 -(this amount of time and try ag)174 359 R 2.81(ain. This)-.05 F .31(should gi) -2.81 F .61 -.15(ve y)-.25 H .31(our system time to establish).15 F 1.543 -(the connection to your service pro)174 371 R(vider)-.15 E 6.543(.U)-.55 G -1.543(nits def)354.188 371 R 1.542(ault to seconds, so \231DialDe-)-.1 F -(lay=5\232 uses a \214v)174 383 Q 2.5(es)-.15 G(econd delay)251.7 383 Q 5(.D) --.65 G(ef)313.81 383 Q(aults to zero \(no retry\).)-.1 E(DontExpandCnames)102 -399.2 Q .559([no short name] The standards say that all host addresses used in\ - a mail message)174 411.2 R 1.408(must be fully canonical.)174 423.2 R -.15(Fo) -6.407 G 3.907(re).15 G 1.407(xample, if your host is named \231Cruft.F)302.668 -423.2 R(oo.ORG\232)-.15 E 1.462(and also has an alias of \231FTP)174 435.2 R -(.F)-1.11 E 1.462(oo.ORG\232, the former name must be used at all)-.15 F 2.631 -(times. This)174 447.2 R .131 -(is enforced during host name canoni\214cation \($[ ... $] lookups\).)2.631 F -.13(If this)5.13 F .661 -(option is set, the protocols are ignored and the \231wrong\232 thing is done.) -174 459.2 R(Ho)5.662 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -.4(r,).15 G .455 -(the IETF is mo)174 471.2 R .455(ving to)-.15 F -.1(wa)-.25 G .455 -(rd changing this standard, so the beha).1 F .455(viour may become)-.2 F 3.009 -(acceptable. Please)174 483.2 R .509(note that hosts do)3.009 F .509 -(wnstream may still re)-.25 F .509(write the address to be)-.25 F -(the true canonical name ho)174 495.2 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -.55(r.).15 G -6.17(DontInitGroups [no)102 511.4 R .25(short name] If set,)2.75 F F2(sendmail) -2.75 E F1 .25(will a)2.75 F -.2(vo)-.2 G .25 -(id using the initgroups\(3\) call.).2 F .25(If you are)5.25 F .583(running NI\ -S, this causes a sequential scan of the groups.byname map, which can)174 523.4 -R .436(cause your NIS serv)174 535.4 R .436(er to be badly o)-.15 F -.15(ve) --.15 G .435(rloaded in a lar).15 F .435(ge domain.)-.18 F .435 -(The cost of this)5.435 F .697(is that the only group found for users will be \ -their primary group \(the one in the)174 547.4 R(passw)174 559.4 Q 1.189 -(ord \214le\), which will mak)-.1 F 3.689<658c>-.1 G 1.189 -(le access permissions some)315.845 559.4 R 1.189(what more restric-)-.25 F(ti) -174 571.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 5(.H).15 G(as no ef)203.32 571.4 Q -(fect on systems that don')-.25 E 2.5(th)-.18 G -2.25 -.2(av e)344.26 571.4 T -(group lists.)2.7 E -1.61(DontPruneRoutes [R])102 587.6 R(Normally)3.905 E(,) --.65 E F2(sendmail)3.905 E F1 1.405(tries to eliminate an)3.905 F 3.905(yu)-.15 -G 1.405(nnecessary e)372.465 587.6 R 1.405(xplicit routes when)-.15 F .155 -(sending an error message \(as discussed in RFC 1123 \247 5.2.6\).)174 599.6 R --.15(Fo)5.154 G 2.654(re).15 G .154(xample, when)447.746 599.6 R -(sending an error message to)174 611.6 Q(<@kno)214 627.8 Q(wn1,@kno)-.25 E -(wn2,@kno)-.25 E(wn3:user@unkno)-.25 E(wn>)-.25 E F2(sendmail)174 644 Q F1 -1.155(will strip of)3.655 F 3.655(ft)-.25 G 1.155(he \231@kno)272.26 644 R -(wn1,@kno)-.25 E 1.155(wn2\232 in order to mak)-.25 F 3.655(et)-.1 G 1.155 -(he route as)458.37 644 R .813(direct as possible.)174 656 R(Ho)5.813 E(we)-.25 -E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.613 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.313(ft).4 G(he)306.435 656 Q F0(R)3.313 -E F1 .812(option is set, this will be disabled, and the)3.313 F .009 -(mail will be sent to the \214rst address in the route, e)174 668 R -.15(ve) --.25 G 2.51(ni).15 G 2.51(fl)392.86 668 S .01(ater addresses are kno)401.48 668 -R(wn.)-.25 E(This may be useful if you are caught behind a \214re)174 680 Q -.1 -(wa)-.25 G(ll.).1 E .32 LW 76 689.6 72 689.6 DL 80 689.6 76 689.6 DL 84 689.6 -80 689.6 DL 88 689.6 84 689.6 DL 92 689.6 88 689.6 DL 96 689.6 92 689.6 DL 100 -689.6 96 689.6 DL 104 689.6 100 689.6 DL 108 689.6 104 689.6 DL 112 689.6 108 -689.6 DL 116 689.6 112 689.6 DL 120 689.6 116 689.6 DL 124 689.6 120 689.6 DL -128 689.6 124 689.6 DL 132 689.6 128 689.6 DL 136 689.6 132 689.6 DL 140 689.6 -136 689.6 DL 144 689.6 140 689.6 DL 148 689.6 144 689.6 DL 152 689.6 148 689.6 -DL 156 689.6 152 689.6 DL 160 689.6 156 689.6 DL 164 689.6 160 689.6 DL 168 -689.6 164 689.6 DL 172 689.6 168 689.6 DL 176 689.6 172 689.6 DL 180 689.6 176 -689.6 DL 184 689.6 180 689.6 DL 188 689.6 184 689.6 DL 192 689.6 188 689.6 DL -196 689.6 192 689.6 DL 200 689.6 196 689.6 DL 204 689.6 200 689.6 DL 208 689.6 -204 689.6 DL 212 689.6 208 689.6 DL 216 689.6 212 689.6 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 -SF(18)93.6 700 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(The old)3.2 I/F6 8/Times-Bold@0 SF(g)2 E -F5(option has been combined into the)2 E F6(DefaultUser)2 E F5(option.)2 E EP -%%Page: 41 36 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-41)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(EightBitMode=)102 96 Q/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(action)A F1 1.956([8] Set handling of eight-bit data.)174 -108 R 1.955(There are tw)6.955 F 4.455(ok)-.1 G 1.955 -(inds of eight-bit data: that)392.85 108 R 3.334(declared as such using the)174 -120 R F0(BOD)5.834 E(Y=8BITMIME)-.4 E F1 3.335(ESMTP declaration or the)5.835 F -F0(\255B8BITMIME)174 132 Q F1 .948 -(command line \215ag, and undeclared 8-bit data, that is, input that)3.449 F -1.18(just happens to be eight bits.)174 144 R 1.18 -(There are three basic operations that can happen:)6.18 F .996 -(undeclared 8-bit data can be automatically con)174 156 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .995 -(rted to 8BITMIME, undeclared).15 F .887 -(8-bit data can be passed as-is without con)174 168 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .887 -(rsion to MIME \(`).15 F .887(`just send 8')-.74 F .887('\), and)-.74 F 5.989 -(declared 8-bit data can be con)174 180 R -.15(ve)-.4 G 5.989 -(rted to 7-bits for transmission to a).15 F(non-8BITMIME mailer)174 192 Q 5(.T) --.55 G(he possible)281.77 192 Q F2(action)2.5 E F1 2.5(sa)C(re:)364.82 192 Q -11.11(sR)219 208.2 S(eject undeclared 8-bit data \(`)240.67 208.2 Q(`strict') --.74 E('\))-.74 E 7.22(mC)219 220.2 S(on)240.67 220.2 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G -(rt undeclared 8-bit data to MIME \(`).15 E(`mime')-.74 E('\))-.74 E 10(pP)219 -232.2 S(ass undeclared 8-bit data \(`)239.41 232.2 Q(`pass')-.74 E('\))-.74 E -2.227(In all cases properly declared 8BITMIME data will be con)174 248.4 R -.15 -(ve)-.4 G 2.228(rted to 7BIT as).15 F(needed.)174 260.4 Q(ErrorHeader=)102 -276.6 Q F2(\214le-or)A(-messa)-.2 E -.1(ge)-.1 G F1 .486 -([E] Prepend error messages with the indicated message.)174 288.6 R .486 -(If it be)5.486 F .486(gins with a slash,)-.15 F .246(it is assumed to be the \ -pathname of a \214le containing a message \(this is the recom-)174 300.6 R .86 -(mended setting\).)174 312.6 R .86(Otherwise, it is a literal message.)5.86 F -.86(The error \214le might contain)5.86 F 1.116 -(the name, email address, and/or phone number of a local postmaster who could) -174 324.6 R(pro)174 336.6 Q .174(vide assistance in to end users.)-.15 F .173 -(If the option is missing or null, or if it names a)5.174 F -(\214le which does not e)174 348.6 Q -(xist or which is not readable, no message is printed.)-.15 E(ErrorMode=)102 -364.8 Q F2(x)A F1([e] Dispose of errors using mode)174 364.8 Q F2(x)2.5 E F1 5 -(.T)C(he v)325.91 364.8 Q(alues for)-.25 E F2(x)2.5 E F1(are:)2.5 E 15(pP)214 -381 S(rint error messages \(def)239.56 381 Q(ault\))-.1 E 15(qN)214 393 S 2.5 -(om)241.22 393 S(essages, just gi)256.5 393 Q .3 -.15(ve ex)-.25 H(it status) -.15 E 12.22(mM)214 405 S(ail back errors)242.89 405 Q 12.78(wW)214 417 S -(rite back errors \(mail if user not logged in\))243.44 417 Q 15.56(eM)214 429 -S(ail back errors and gi)242.89 429 Q .3 -.15(ve z)-.25 H(ero e).15 E -(xit stat al)-.15 E -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys).1 E -.15(Fa)102 449.4 S(llbackMXhost=).15 -E F2(fallbac)A(khost)-.2 E F1 .796([V] If speci\214ed, the)174 461.4 R F2 -(fallbac)3.296 E(khost)-.2 E F1 .796(acts lik)3.296 F 3.296(eav)-.1 G .797 -(ery lo)359.608 461.4 R 3.297(wp)-.25 G .797(riority MX on e)398.722 461.4 R --.15(ve)-.25 G .797(ry host.).15 F -(This is intended to be used by sites with poor netw)174 473.4 Q(ork connecti) --.1 E(vity)-.25 E(.)-.65 E -.15(Fo)102 489.6 S 16.88(rkEachJob [Y]).15 F .708 -(If set, deli)3.208 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.208(re).15 G .707 -(ach job that is run from the queue in a separate process.)252.792 489.6 R(Use) -5.707 E .274(this option if you are short of memory)174 501.6 R 2.774(,s)-.65 G -.274(ince the def)336.922 501.6 R .275(ault tends to consume consid-)-.1 F -(erable amounts of memory while the queue is being processed.)174 513.6 Q -.15 -(Fo)102 529.8 S(rw).15 E(ardP)-.1 E(ath=)-.15 E F2(path)A F1 4.675 -([J] Set the path for searching for users' .forw)174 541.8 R 4.675 -(ard \214les.)-.1 F 4.675(The def)9.675 F 4.675(ault is)-.1 F(\231$z/.forw)174 -553.8 Q 3.23(ard\232. Some)-.1 F .731 -(sites that use the automounter may prefer to change this to)3.23 F(\231/v)174 -565.8 Q(ar/forw)-.25 E 1.696 -(ard/$u\232 to search a \214le with the same name as the user in a system)-.1 F -(directory)174 577.8 Q 5.487(.I)-.65 G 2.987(tc)220.767 577.8 S .488 -(an also be set to a sequence of paths separated by colons;)230.974 577.8 R F2 -(sendmail)2.988 E F1 4.218 -(stops at the \214rst \214le it can successfully and safely open.)174 589.8 R --.15(Fo)9.217 G 6.717(re).15 G(xample,)472.06 589.8 Q(\231/v)174 601.8 Q -(ar/forw)-.25 E(ard/$u:$z/.forw)-.1 E .681(ard\232 will search \214rst in /v) --.1 F(ar/forw)-.25 E(ard/)-.1 E F2(username)A F1 .682(and then)3.182 F(in)174 -613.8 Q F2(~username)2.5 E F1(/.forw)A(ard \(b)-.1 E -(ut only if the \214rst \214le does not e)-.2 E(xist\).)-.15 E(HelpFile=)102 -630 Q F2(\214le)A F1([H] Specify the help \214le for SMTP)174 630 Q(.)-1.11 E -(HoldExpensi)102 646.2 Q 8.54 -.15(ve [)-.25 H 1.394 -(c] If an outgoing mailer is mark).15 F 1.393(ed as being e)-.1 F(xpensi)-.15 E --.15(ve)-.25 G 3.893(,d).15 G(on')415.294 646.2 Q 3.893(tc)-.18 G 1.393 -(onnect immedi-)439.557 646.2 R(ately)174 658.2 Q 5.267(.T)-.65 G .268 -(his requires that queueing be compiled in, since it will depend on a queue) -206.667 658.2 R(run process to actually send the mail.)174 670.2 Q 24.51 -(IgnoreDots [i])102 686.4 R 1.172(Ignore dots in incoming messages.)3.672 F -1.172(This is al)6.172 F -.1(wa)-.1 G 1.171(ys disabled \(that is, dots are).1 -F(al)174 698.4 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys accepted\) when reading SMTP mail.).1 E EP -%%Page: 42 37 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-42 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(LogLe)102 96 Q --.15(ve)-.25 G(l=).15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F1([L] Set the def)174 96 Q -(ault log le)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(lt).15 G(o)289.04 96 Q F2(n)2.5 E F1 5 -(.D)C(ef)316.26 96 Q(aults to 9.)-.1 E(M)102 112.2 Q F2 1.666(xv)C(alue)-1.666 -E F1 .255([no long v)174 112.2 R .255(ersion] Set the macro)-.15 F F2(x)2.755 E -F1(to)2.755 E F2(value)2.755 E F1 5.255(.T)C .255 -(his is intended only for use from the)357.505 112.2 R(command line.)174 124.2 -Q(The)5 E F0<ad4d>2.5 E F1(\215ag is preferred.)2.5 E 11.17(MatchGECOS [G])102 -140.4 R(Allo)3.334 E 3.334(wf)-.25 G .834(uzzy matching on the GECOS \214eld.) -222.628 140.4 R .833(If this \215ag is set, and the usual)5.833 F .867 -(user name lookups f)174 152.4 R .867 -(ail \(that is, there is no alias with this name and a)-.1 F F2 -.1(ge)3.368 G -(tpwnam).1 E F1 -.1(fa)174 164.4 S 1.155(ils\), sequentially search the passw) -.1 F 1.155(ord \214le for a matching entry in the GECOS)-.1 F 3.696 -(\214eld. This)174 176.4 R 1.196(also requires that MA)3.696 F 1.196 -(TCHGECOS be turned on during compilation.)-1.11 F -(This option is not recommended.)174 188.4 Q(MaxHopCount=)102 204.6 Q F2(N)A F1 -1.238([h] The maximum hop count.)174 216.6 R 1.238(Messages that ha)6.238 F -1.537 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.237(een processed more than).15 F F2(N)3.737 E F1 -(times are assumed to be in a loop and are rejected.)174 228.6 Q(Def)5 E -(aults to 25.)-.1 E(MaxHostStatAge=)102 244.8 Q F2 -.1(age)C F1 .438 -([no short name] Not yet implemented.)174 256.8 R .438 -(This option speci\214es ho)5.438 F 2.939(wl)-.25 G .439(ong host status) -443.672 256.8 R .36(information will be retained.)174 268.8 R -.15(Fo)5.36 G -2.86(re).15 G .36(xample, if a host is found to be do)315.76 268.8 R .36 -(wn, connec-)-.25 F .246 -(tions to that host will not be retried for this interv)174 280.8 R 2.746 -(al. The)-.25 F .246(units def)2.746 F .246(ault to minutes.)-.1 F -(MaxQueueRunSize=)102 297 Q F2(N)A F1 .677 -([no short name] The maximum number of jobs that will be processed in a single) -174 309 R .501(queue run.)174 321 R .501 -(If not set, there is no limit on the size.)5.501 F .501(If you ha)5.501 F .802 --.15(ve ve)-.2 H .502(ry lar).15 F .502(ge queues)-.18 F .445(or a v)174 333 R -.445(ery short queue run interv)-.15 F .445(al this could be unstable.)-.25 F -(Ho)5.445 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.245 -.4(r, s).15 H .445 -(ince the \214rst).4 F F2(N)174 345 Q F1 1.115 -(jobs in queue directory order are run \(rather than the)3.615 F F2(N)3.615 E -F1 1.115(highest priority jobs\))3.615 F .136 -(this should be set as high as possible to a)174 357 R -.2(vo)-.2 G .136 -(id \231losing\232 jobs that happen to f).2 F .136(all late)-.1 F -(in the queue directory)174 369 Q(.)-.65 E(MeT)102 385.2 Q 40.86(oo [m])-.8 F -(Send to me too, e)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fIa)279.98 385.2 S 2.5 -(mi)296.08 385.2 S 2.5(na)309.14 385.2 S 2.5(na)321.08 385.2 S(lias e)333.02 -385.2 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E(MaxMessageSize=)102 401.4 Q F2(N)A F1 2.562 -([no short name] Specify the maximum message size to be adv)174 413.4 R 2.563 -(ertised in the)-.15 F(ESMTP EHLO response.)174 425.4 Q(Messages lar)5 E -(ger than this will be rejected.)-.18 E(MinFreeBlocks=)102 441.6 Q F2(N)A F1 -1.539([b] Insist on at least)174 453.6 R F2(N)4.039 E F1 1.538 -(blocks free on the \214lesystem that holds the queue \214les)4.039 F .845 -(before accepting email via SMTP)174 465.6 R 5.846(.I)-1.11 G 3.346(ft)322.368 -465.6 S .846(here is insuf)331.824 465.6 R .846(\214cient space)-.25 F F2 -(sendmail)3.346 E F1(gi)3.346 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.346(sa).15 G -(452 response to the MAIL command.)174 477.6 Q(This in)5 E -(vites the sender to try ag)-.4 E(ain later)-.05 E(.)-.55 E(MinQueueAge=age)102 -493.8 Q .887([no short name] Don')174 505.8 R 3.387(tp)-.18 G .887(rocess an) -274.018 505.8 R 3.387(yq)-.15 G .886(ueued jobs that ha)325.072 505.8 R 1.186 --.15(ve b)-.2 H .886(een in the queue less).15 F 1.899 -(than the indicated time interv)174 517.8 R 4.399(al. This)-.25 F 1.899 -(is intended to allo)4.399 F 4.399(wy)-.25 G 1.9(ou to get respon-)430.81 517.8 -R(si)174 529.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .665(ness by processing the queue f).15 F .665 -(airly frequently without thrashing your system)-.1 F -(by trying jobs too often.)174 541.8 Q(The def)5 E(ault units are minutes.)-.1 -E(NoRecipientAction)102 558 Q .554([no short name] The action to tak)174 570 R -3.055(ew)-.1 G .555(hen you recei)325.25 570 R .855 -.15(ve a m)-.25 H .555 -(essage that has no v).15 F(alid)-.25 E .062(recipient headers \(T)174 582 R -.062(o:, Cc:, Bcc:\).)-.8 F .062(It can be)5.062 F F0(None)2.561 E F1 .061 -(to pass the message on unmodi-)2.561 F .51 -(\214ed, which violates the protocol,)174 594 R F0(Add-T)3.01 E(o)-.92 E F1 .51 -(to add a T)3.01 F .51(o: header with an)-.8 F 3.01(yr)-.15 G(ecipients)468.45 -594 Q 4.41(it can \214nd in the en)174 606 R -.15(ve)-.4 G 4.41 -(lope \(which might e).15 F 4.41(xpose Bcc: recipients\),)-.15 F F0(Add-)6.91 E --.25(Ap)174 618 S(par).25 E(ently-T)-.18 E(o)-.92 E F1 4.664 -(to add an Apparently-T)7.164 F 4.664(o: header \(this is only for back-)-.8 F -.875(compatibility and is of)174 630 R .875(\214cially deprecated\),)-.25 F F0 -(Add-T)3.374 E(o-Undisclosed)-.92 E F1 .874(to add a header)3.374 F<9954>174 -642 Q 1.594(o: undisclosed-recipients:;\232 to mak)-.8 F 4.094(et)-.1 G 1.594 -(he header le)339.456 642 R -.05(ga)-.15 G 4.095(lw).05 G 1.595 -(ithout disclosing an)414.29 642 R(y-)-.15 E(thing, or)174 654 Q F0(Add-Bcc)2.5 -E F1(to add an empty Bcc: header)2.5 E(.)-.55 E 1.18(OldStyleHeaders [o])102 -670.2 R 1.713 -(Assume that the headers may be in old format, i.e., spaces delimit names.) -4.214 F 1.068(This actually turns on an adapti)174 682.2 R 1.368 -.15(ve a)-.25 -H 1.068(lgorithm: if an).15 F 3.569(yr)-.15 G 1.069 -(ecipient address contains a)393.873 682.2 R 1.681 -(comma, parenthesis, or angle brack)174 694.2 R 1.681 -(et, it will be assumed that commas already)-.1 F -.15(ex)174 706.2 S 2.825 -(ist. If).15 F .325(this \215ag is not on, only commas delimit names.)2.825 F -.325(Headers are al)5.325 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .325(ys out-).1 F -(put with commas between the names.)174 718.2 Q(Def)5 E(aults to of)-.1 E(f.) --.25 E EP -%%Page: 43 38 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-43)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(OperatorChars=)102 96 Q/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF -.15(ch)C(arlist).15 E F1 1.438([$o macro] The list of char\ -acters that are considered to be \231operators\232, that is,)174 108 R .82 -(characters that delimit tok)174 120 R 3.32(ens. All)-.1 F .82 -(operator characters are tok)3.32 F .82(ens by themselv)-.1 F(es;)-.15 E .078 -(sequences of non-operator characters are also tok)174 132 R 2.578(ens. White) --.1 F .078(space characters sep-)2.578 F .269(arate tok)174 144 R .269(ens b) --.1 F .269(ut are not tok)-.2 F .269(ens themselv)-.1 F .269(es \212 for e)-.15 -F .269(xample, \231)-.15 F .27(AAA.BBB\232 has three)-.8 F(tok)174 156 Q .433 -(ens, b)-.1 F .433(ut \231)-.2 F .433(AAA BBB\232 has tw)-.8 F 2.933(o. If)-.1 -F .433(not set, OperatorChars def)2.933 F .433(aults to \231.)-.1 F 1.666(:@[]) -1.666 G<9a3b>-1.666 E(additionally)174 168 Q 2.5(,t)-.65 G -(he characters \231\()228.91 168 Q 1.666(\)<>,;)1.666 G 2.5<9a61>-1.666 G -(re al)331.25 168 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys operators.).1 E(PostmasterCop)102 184.2 Q -(y=)-.1 E F2(postmaster)A F1 .003 -([P] If set, copies of error messages will be sent to the named)174 196.2 R F2 -(postmaster)2.504 E F1 5.004(.O)C .004(nly the)476.496 196.2 R .627 -(header of the f)174 208.2 R .627(ailed message is sent.)-.1 F .626 -(Since most errors are user problems, this is)5.626 F .453 -(probably not a good idea on lar)174 220.2 R .453(ge sites, and ar)-.18 F .453 -(guably contains all sorts of pri)-.18 F -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G 1.979 -(violations, b)174 232.2 R 1.978 -(ut it seems to be popular with certain operating systems v)-.2 F(endors.)-.15 -E(Def)174 244.2 Q(aults to no postmaster copies.)-.1 E(Pri)102 260.4 Q -.25(va) --.25 G -.15(cy).25 G(Options=).15 E F2(opt,opt,...)1.666 E F1 1.191 -([p] Set the pri)174 272.4 R -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G F2(opt)3.841 E F1 -3.691(ions. `)B(`Pri)-.74 E -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G 2.671 -.74('' i).15 H -3.692(sr).74 G 1.192(eally a misnomer; man)352.028 272.4 R 3.692(yo)-.15 G -3.692(ft)460.526 272.4 S 1.192(hese are)470.328 272.4 R .929(just a w)174 284.4 -R .928(ay of insisting on stricter adherence to the SMTP protocol.)-.1 F(The) -5.928 E F2(opt)3.428 E F1(ions)A(can be selected from:)174 296.4 Q 40.26 -(public Allo)214 312.6 R 2.5(wo)-.25 G(pen access)314.01 312.6 Q 11.38 -(needmailhelo Insist)214 324.6 R(on HELO or EHLO command before MAIL)2.5 E -(neede)214 336.6 Q 9.87(xpnhelo Insist)-.15 F -(on HELO or EHLO command before EXPN)2.5 E(noe)214 348.6 Q 35.97(xpn Disallo) --.15 F 2.5(wE)-.25 G(XPN entirely)326.23 348.6 Q 12.5(needvrfyhelo Insist)214 -360.6 R(on HELO or EHLO command before VRFY)2.5 E(no)214 372.6 Q 38.75 -(vrfy Disallo)-.15 F 2.5(wV)-.25 G(RFY entirely)327.34 372.6 Q 14.71 -(restrictmailq Restrict)214 384.6 R(mailq command)2.5 E 19.16 -(restrictqrun Restrict)214 396.6 R(\255q command line \215ag)2.5 E 24.16 -(noreceipts Don')214 408.6 R 2.5(tr)-.18 G(eturn success DSNs)310.74 408.6 Q -(goa)214 420.6 Q -.1(wa)-.15 G 36.91(yD).1 G(isallo)288.98 420.6 Q 2.5(we)-.25 -G(ssentially all SMTP status queries)324.56 420.6 Q(authw)214 432.6 Q 11.48 -(arnings Put)-.1 F(X-Authentication-W)2.5 E(arning: headers in messages)-.8 E -.485(The \231goa)174 448.8 R -.1(wa)-.15 G .485 -(y\232 pseudo-\215ag sets all \215ags e).1 F .486 -(xcept \231restrictmailq\232 and \231restrictqrun\232.)-.15 F 1.175(If mailq i\ -s restricted, only people in the same group as the queue directory can)174 -460.8 R .207(print the queue.)174 472.8 R .207 -(If queue runs are restricted, only root and the o)5.207 F .208 -(wner of the queue)-.25 F .066(directory can run the queue.)174 484.8 R .066 -(Authentication W)5.066 F .066(arnings add w)-.8 F .066(arnings about v)-.1 F -(arious)-.25 E .77(conditions that may indicate attempts to spoof the mail sys\ -tem, such as using an)174 496.8 R(non-standard queue directory)174 508.8 Q(.) --.65 E(QueueDirectory=)102 525 Q F2(dir)A F1([Q] Use the named)174 537 Q F2 -(dir)2.5 E F1(as the queue directory)2.5 E(.)-.65 E(QueueF)102 553.2 Q(actor=) --.15 E F2(factor)A F1 .614([q] Use)174 565.2 R F2(factor)3.114 E F1 .613 -(as the multiplier in the map function to decide when to just queue)3.114 F -.415(up jobs rather than run them.)174 577.2 R .415(This v)5.415 F .415 -(alue is di)-.25 F .415(vided by the dif)-.25 F .415(ference between the)-.25 F -1.004(current load a)174 589.2 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.004(rage and the load a).15 F --.15(ve)-.2 G 1.004(rage limit \().15 F F0(QueueLA)A F1 1.003 -(option\) to determine)3.503 F(the maximum message priority that will be sent.) -174 601.2 Q(Def)5 E(aults to 600000.)-.1 E(QueueLA=)102 617.4 Q F2(LA)A F1 .164 -([x] When the system load a)174 617.4 R -.15(ve)-.2 G .165(rage e).15 F(xceeds) --.15 E F2(LA)2.665 E F1 2.665(,j)C .165(ust queue messages \(i.e., don')367.265 -617.4 R 2.665(tt)-.18 G(ry)495.67 617.4 Q(to send them\).)174 629.4 Q(Def)5 E -(aults to 8.)-.1 E(QueueSortOrder=)102 645.6 Q F2(algorithm)A F1 .097 -([no short name] Sets the)174 657.6 R F2(algorithm)2.597 E F1 .096 -(used for sorting the queue.)2.597 F .096(Only the \214rst char)5.096 F(-)-.2 E -1.021(acter of the v)174 669.6 R 1.021(alue is used.)-.25 F(Le)6.021 E -.05(ga) --.15 G 3.521(lv).05 G 1.021 -(alues are \231host\232 \(to order by the name of the)317.357 669.6 R .922(\ -\214rst host name of the \214rst recipient\) and \231priority\232 \(to order s\ -trictly by message)174 681.6 R 2.527(priority\). Host)174 693.6 R .027 -(ordering mak)2.527 F .028(es better use of the connection cache, b)-.1 F .028 -(ut may tend to)-.2 F .323(process lo)174 705.6 R 2.823(wp)-.25 G .322 -(riority messages that go to a single host o)229.386 705.6 R -.15(ve)-.15 G -2.822(rh).15 G .322(igh priority messages)417.806 705.6 R 1.824(that go to se) -174 717.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.824(ral hosts; it probably shouldn').15 F 4.325 -(tb)-.18 G 4.325(eu)376.345 717.6 S 1.825(sed on slo)390.11 717.6 R 4.325(wn) --.25 G(etw)450.055 717.6 Q 1.825(ork links.)-.1 F EP -%%Page: 44 39 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-44 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -(Priority ordering is the def)174 96 Q(ault.)-.1 E(Resolv)102 112.2 Q -(erOptions=)-.15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(options)A F1 .128([I] Set resolv)174 -124.2 R .127(er options.)-.15 F -1.11(Va)5.127 G .127(lues can be set using) -1.11 F F0(+)2.627 E F2<8d61>A(g)-.1 E F1 .127(and cleared using)2.627 F F0<ad> -2.627 E F2<8d61>A(g)-.1 E F1 2.627(;t)C(he)494.56 124.2 Q F2<8d61>174 136.2 Q -(g)-.1 E F1 5.013(sc)C 2.513(an be \231deb)202.243 136.2 R 2.513 -(ug\232, \231aaonly\232, \231use)-.2 F 2.514 -(vc\232, \231primary\232, \231igntc\232, \231recurse\232, \231def-)-.25 F .867 -(names\232, \231stayopen\232, or \231dnsrch\232.)174 148.2 R .867 -(The string \231HasW)5.867 F .867(ildcardMX\232 \(without a)-.4 F F0(+)3.367 E -F1(or)3.367 E F0<ad>174 160.2 Q F1 3.82(\)c)C 1.32 -(an be speci\214ed to turn of)191.29 160.2 R 3.82(fm)-.25 G 1.32(atching ag) -311.72 160.2 R 1.32(ainst MX records when doing name)-.05 F(canoni\214cations.) -174 172.2 Q F0(N.B.)5.918 E F1 .917 -(Prior to 8.7, this option indicated that the name serv)5.918 F .917(er be)-.15 -F 1.025(responding in order to accept addresses.)174 184.2 R 1.025 -(This has been replaced by checking to)6.025 F .078(see if the \231dns\232 met\ -hod is listed in the service switch entry for the \231hosts\232 service.)174 -196.2 R(SmtpGreetingMessage=)102 212.4 Q F2(messa)A -.1(ge)-.1 G F1 .344 -([$e macro] The message printed when the SMTP serv)174 224.4 R .345 -(er starts up.)-.15 F(Def)5.345 E .345(aults to \231$j)-.1 F -(Sendmail $v ready at $b\232.)174 236.4 Q -.35(Ti)102 252.6 S(meout.).35 E F2 -(type)A F1(=)A F2(timeout)1.666 E F1 .297 -([r; subsumes old T option as well] Set timeout v)174 264.6 R 2.796(alues. The) --.25 F .296(actual timeout is indi-)2.796 F 1.678(cated by the)174 276.6 R F2 -(type)4.178 E F1 6.678(.T)C 1.678(he recognized timeouts and their def)261.802 -276.6 R 1.679(ault v)-.1 F 1.679(alues, and their)-.25 F(minimum v)174 288.6 Q -(alues speci\214ed in RFC 1123 section 5.3.2 are:)-.25 E 23.6(initial w)214 -304.8 R(ait for initial greeting message [5m, 5m])-.1 E 29.72(helo reply)214 -316.8 R(to HELO or EHLO command [5m, none])2.5 E 29.16(mail reply)214 328.8 R -(to MAIL command [10m, 5m])2.5 E 31.39(rcpt reply)214 340.8 R -(to RCPT command [1h, 5m])2.5 E 16.94(datainit reply)214 352.8 R(to D)2.5 E --1.21 -1.11(AT A)-.4 H(command [5m, 2m])3.61 E 8.06(datablock data)214 364.8 R -(block read [1h, 3m])2.5 E 12.5(data\214nal reply)214 376.8 R(to \214nal `)2.5 -E(`.)-.74 E 1.48 -.74('' i)-.7 H 2.5(nd).74 G(ata [1h, 10m])348.47 376.8 Q 32.5 -(rset reply)214 388.8 R(to RSET command [5m, none])2.5 E 31.38(quit reply)214 -400.8 R(to Q)2.5 E(UIT command [2m, none])-.1 E 28.05(misc reply)214 412.8 R -(to NOOP and VERB commands [2m, none])2.5 E 26.94(ident IDENT)214 424.8 R -(protocol timeout [30s, none])2.5 E 9.72(\214leopen\207 timeout)214 436.8 R -(on opening .forw)2.5 E(ard and :include: \214les [60s, none])-.1 E 2.5 -(command\207 command)214 448.8 R(read [1h, 5m])2.5 E(queuereturn\207ho)214 -460.8 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(ong until a message is returned [5d, 5d])289.01 460.8 Q -(queue)214 472.8 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G -1.58(rn\207 ho).1 F 2.5(wl)-.25 G -(ong until a w)285.69 472.8 Q(arning is sent [none, none])-.1 E .893(All b)174 -489 R .893(ut those mark)-.2 F .893 -(ed with a dagger \(\207\) apply to client SMTP)-.1 F 5.892(.I)-1.11 G 3.392 -(ft)437.724 489 S .892(he message is)447.226 489 R .273(submitted using the)174 -501 R/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(NO)2.773 E .523(TIFY SMTP)-.36 F F1 -.15(ex)2.773 G -.273(tension, w).15 F .274(arning messages will only be sent)-.1 F(if)174 513 Q -F3(NO)3.038 E(TIFY=DELA)-.36 E(Y)-.945 E F1 .538(is speci\214ed.)3.038 F .537 -(The queuereturn and queue)5.537 F -.1(wa)-.25 G .537(rn timeouts can be).1 F -1.234(further quali\214ed with a tag based on the Precedence: \214eld in the m\ -essage; the)174 525 R(y)-.15 E 1.9(must be one of \231ur)174 537 R 1.9 -(gent\232 \(indicating a positi)-.18 F 2.2 -.15(ve n)-.25 H 1.9 -(on-zero precedence\) \231normal\232).15 F .251 -(\(indicating a zero precedence\), or \231non-ur)174 549 R .251 -(gent\232 \(indicating ne)-.18 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .552 -.15(ve p)-.25 H -(recedences\).).15 E -.15(Fo)174 561 S 4.423(re).15 G 1.923 -(xample, setting \231T)196.453 561 R(imeout.queue)-.35 E -.1(wa)-.25 G(rn.ur).1 -E 1.923(gent=1h\232 sets the w)-.18 F 1.922(arning timeout)-.1 F .222(for ur) -174 573 R .223(gent messages only to one hour)-.18 F 5.223(.T)-.55 G .223 -(he def)336.749 573 R .223(ault if no precedence is indicated is)-.1 F -(to set the timeout for all precedences.)174 585 Q(RecipientF)102 601.2 Q -(actor=)-.15 E F2(fact)A F1 .638([y] The indicated)174 613.2 R F2(fact)3.137 E -F1 .637(or is added to the priority \(thus)B F2(lowering)3.137 E F1 .637 -(the priority of the)3.137 F .23(job\) for each recipient, i.e., this v)174 -625.2 R .231(alue penalizes jobs with lar)-.25 F .231(ge numbers of recipi-) --.18 F 2.5(ents. Def)174 637.2 R(aults to 30000.)-.1 E(RefuseLA=)102 653.4 Q F2 -(LA)A F1 1.012([X] When the system load a)174 653.4 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.012 -(rage e).15 F(xceeds)-.15 E F2(LA)3.512 E F1 3.512(,r)C 1.011 -(efuse incoming SMTP connec-)376.816 653.4 R 2.5(tions. Def)174 665.4 R -(aults to 12.)-.1 E(RetryF)102 681.6 Q(actor=)-.15 E F2(fact)A F1 .771([Z] The) -3.74 F F2(fact)3.271 E F1 .771(or is added to the priority e)B -.15(ve)-.25 G -.772(ry time a job is processed.).15 F .772(Thus, each)5.772 F .994 -(time a job is processed, its priority will be decreased by the indicated v)174 -693.6 R 3.493(alue. In)-.25 F 1.107(most en)174 705.6 R 1.107 -(vironments this should be positi)-.4 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.608(,s).15 G 1.108 -(ince hosts that are do)357.354 705.6 R 1.108(wn are all too)-.25 F(often do) -174 717.6 Q(wn for a long time.)-.25 E(Def)5 E(aults to 90000.)-.1 E EP -%%Page: 45 40 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-45)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(Sa)102 96 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 10.41 -(FromLine [f]).15 F(Sa)4.909 E 2.709 -.15(ve U)-.2 H 2.408 -(nix-style \231From\232 lines at the front of headers.).15 F 2.408 -(Normally the)7.408 F 4.908(ya)-.15 G(re)496.23 96 Q -(assumed redundant and discarded.)174 108 Q(SendMIMEErrors)102 124.2 Q .815 -([j] If set, send error messages in MIME format \(see RFC1521 and RFC1344 for) -174 136.2 R(details\).)174 148.2 Q(ServiceSwitchFile=)102 164.4 Q/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(\214lename)A F1 1.533([no short name] If your host operatin\ -g system has a service switch abstraction)174 176.4 R .003(\(e.g., /etc/nsswit\ -ch.conf on Solaris or /etc/svc.conf on Ultrix and DEC OSF/1\) that)174 188.4 R -.814(service will be consulted and this option is ignored.)174 200.4 R .814 -(Otherwise, this is the name)5.814 F 1.082(of a \214le that pro)174 212.4 R -1.082(vides the list of methods used to implement particular services.)-.15 F -1.069(The syntax is a series of lines, each of which is a sequence of w)174 -224.4 R 3.569(ords. The)-.1 F(\214rst)3.569 E -.1(wo)174 236.4 S 1.363 -(rd is the service name, and follo).1 F 1.363(wing w)-.25 F 1.364 -(ords are service types.)-.1 F 1.364(The services)6.364 F(that)174 248.4 Q F2 -(sendmail)4.11 E F1 1.61(consults directly are \231aliases\232 and \231hosts.) -4.11 F 6.61<9a53>-.7 G 1.61(ervice types can be)422.81 248.4 R 1.754 -(\231dns\232, \231nis\232, \231nisplus\232, or \231\214les\232 \(with the ca) -174 260.4 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.755(at that the appropriate support).15 F .791 -(must be compiled in before the service can be referenced\).)174 272.4 R .79 -(If ServiceSwitchFile)5.791 F 1.303(is not speci\214ed, it def)174 284.4 R -1.303(aults to /etc/service.switch.)-.1 F 1.303(If that \214le does not e)6.303 -F 1.304(xist, the)-.15 F(def)174 296.4 Q(ault switch is:)-.1 E 20.28 -(aliases \214les)214 312.6 R 26.38(hosts dns)214 324.6 R(nis \214les)2.5 E -(The def)174 340.8 Q(ault \214le is \231/etc/service.switch\232.)-.1 E(Se)102 -357 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 12.12(nBitInput [7]).15 F .322(Strip input to se)2.822 F --.15(ve)-.25 G 2.822(nb).15 G .321(its for compatibility with old systems.) -274.93 357 R .321(This shouldn')5.321 F 2.821(tb)-.18 G(e)499.56 357 Q -(necessary)174 369 Q(.)-.65 E(StatusFile=)102 385.2 Q F2(\214le)A F1 .299 -([S] Log summary statistics in the named)174 385.2 R F2(\214le)2.799 E F1 5.299 -(.I)C 2.799(fn)363.602 385.2 S .3(ot set, no summary statistics are)374.731 -385.2 R(sa)174 397.2 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.775(d. This).15 F 1.275 -(\214le does not gro)3.775 F 3.775(wi)-.25 G 3.775(ns)308.82 397.2 S 3.775 -(ize. It)321.485 397.2 R 1.275(can be printed using the)3.775 F F2(mailstats) -3.775 E F1(\(8\))A(program.)174 409.2 Q 28.4(SuperSafe [s])102 425.4 R .372 -(Be super)2.872 F .372(-safe when running things, i.e., al)-.2 F -.1(wa)-.1 G -.373(ys instantiate the queue \214le, e).1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E .697 -(if you are going to attempt immediate deli)174 437.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E -(.)-.65 E F2(Sendmail)5.697 E F1(al)3.197 E -.1(wa)-.1 G .697 -(ys instantiates the).1 F 2.688 -(queue \214le before returning control the client under an)174 449.4 R 5.188 -(yc)-.15 G 5.188(ircumstances. This)423.822 449.4 R(should really)174 461.4 Q -F2(always)2.5 E F1(be set.)2.5 E -.7(Te)102 477.6 S(mpFileMode=).7 E F2(mode)A -F1 .332([F] The \214le mode for queue \214les.)174 489.6 R .331 -(It is interpreted in octal by def)5.331 F 2.831(ault. Def)-.1 F .331(aults to) --.1 F(0600.)174 501.6 Q -.35(Ti)102 517.8 S(meZoneSpec=).35 E F2(tzinfo)A F1 -.218([t] Set the local time zone info to)174 529.8 R F2(tzinfo)2.718 E F1 2.718 -<8a66>2.718 G .218(or e)351.168 529.8 R .218(xample, \231PST8PDT\232.)-.15 F -(Actually)5.218 E 2.718(,i)-.65 G(f)500.67 529.8 Q 1.346 -(this is not set, the TZ en)174 541.8 R 1.346(vironment v)-.4 F 1.346 -(ariable is cleared \(so the system def)-.25 F 1.345(ault is)-.1 F .208 -(used\); if set b)174 553.8 R .208(ut null, the user')-.2 F 2.708(sT)-.55 G -2.708(Zv)306.916 553.8 S .208(ariable is used, and if set and non-null the TZ) -320.484 553.8 R -.25(va)174 565.8 S(riable is set to this v).25 E(alue.)-.25 E --.35(Tr)102 582 S 5.96(yNullMXList [w]).35 F .114 -(If this system is the \231best\232 \(that is, lo)2.614 F .114 -(west preference\) MX for a gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.613(nh).15 G .113 -(ost, its)477.767 582 R 1.168(con\214guration rules should normally detect thi\ -s situation and treat that condition)174 594 R .258(specially by forw)174 606 R -.258(arding the mail to a UUCP feed, treating it as local, or whate)-.1 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G -.55(r.).15 G(Ho)174 618 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.685 -.4(r, i) -.15 H 3.385(ns).4 G .886(ome cases \(such as Internet \214re)230.54 618 R -.1 -(wa)-.25 G .886(lls\) you may w).1 F .886(ant to try to con-)-.1 F .07 -(nect directly to that host as though it had no MX records at all.)174 630 R -.07(Setting this option)5.07 F(causes)174 642 Q F2(sendmail)3.013 E F1 .514 -(to try this.)3.013 F .514(The do)5.514 F .514 -(wnside is that errors in your con\214guration are)-.25 F(lik)174 654 Q 2.116 -(ely to be diagnosed as \231host unkno)-.1 F 2.116 -(wn\232 or \231message timed out\232 instead of)-.25 F -(something more meaningful.)174 666 Q(This option is disrecommended.)5 E -(UnixFromLine=)102 682.2 Q F2(fr)A(omline)-.45 E F1 .236 -([$l macro] De\214nes the format used when)174 694.2 R F2(sendmail)2.736 E F1 -.236(must add a UNIX-style From_)2.736 F 1.325(line \(that is, a line be)174 -706.2 R 1.325(ginning \231From<space>user\232\).)-.15 F(Def)6.324 E 1.324 -(aults to \231From $g)-.1 F($d\232.)6.324 E(Don')174 718.2 Q 2.645(tc)-.18 G -.146(hange this unless your system uses a dif)204.235 718.2 R .146 -(ferent UNIX mailbox format \(v)-.25 F(ery)-.15 E EP -%%Page: 46 41 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-46 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(unlik)174 96 Q -(ely\).)-.1 E(UseErrorsT)102 112.2 Q 21.15(o[)-.8 G .826 -(l] If there is an \231Errors-T)177.33 112.2 R .826(o:\232 header)-.8 F 3.326 -(,s)-.4 G .826(end error messages to the addresses listed)332.414 112.2 R 3.134 -(there. The)174 124.2 R 3.134(yn)-.15 G .634(ormally go to the en)230.658 124.2 -R -.15(ve)-.4 G .635(lope sender).15 F 5.635(.U)-.55 G .635 -(se of this option causes)383.895 124.2 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(send-)3.135 E -(mail)174 136.2 Q F1(to violate RFC 1123.)2.5 E -(This option is disrecommended and deprecated.)5 E(UserDatabaseSpec=)102 152.4 -Q F2(udbspec)A F1([U] The user database speci\214cation.)174 164.4 Q -1.11(Ve) -102 180.6 S 37.29(rbose [v])1.11 F .561(Run in v)3.061 F .561(erbose mode.)-.15 -F .561(If this is set,)5.561 F F2(sendmail)3.061 E F1 .56(adjusts options)3.061 -F F0(HoldExpensi)3.06 E -.1(ve)-.1 G F1(\(old)174 192.6 Q F0(c)2.635 E F1 2.635 -(\)a)C(nd)207.59 192.6 Q F0(Deli)2.635 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(ryMode).1 E F1(\(old) -2.635 E F0(d)2.635 E F1 2.635(\)s)C 2.635(ot)317.36 192.6 S .135 -(hat all mail is deli)327.775 192.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .136 -(red completely in a sin-).15 F 1.244 -(gle job so that you can see the entire deli)174 204.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.244 -(ry process.).15 F(Option)6.244 E F0 -1(Ve)3.743 G(rbose)1 E F1(should)3.743 E -F2(ne)174 216.6 Q(ver)-.15 E F1(be set in the con\214guration \214le; it is in\ -tended for command line use only)2.5 E(.)-.65 E .108(All options can be speci\ -\214ed on the command line using the \255O or \255o \215ag, b)102 232.8 R .109 -(ut most will cause)-.2 F F2(send-)2.609 E(mail)102 244.8 Q F1 1.135 -(to relinquish its setuid permissions.)3.635 F 1.135 -(The options that will not cause this are MinFreeBlocks)6.135 F .513([b], Deli) -102 256.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .513 -(ryMode [d], ErrorMode [e], IgnoreDots [i], LogLe).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.014 -(l[).15 G .514(L], MeT)369.118 256.8 R .514(oo [m], OldStyleHeaders)-.8 F .53 -([o], Pri)102 268.8 R -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G .53(Options [p], T).15 F .53 -(imeouts [r], SuperSafe [s], V)-.35 F .53(erbose [v], CheckpointInterv)-1.11 F -.53(al [C], and Se)-.25 F(v-)-.25 E(enBitInput [7].)102 280.8 Q(Also, M \(de\ -\214ne macro\) when de\214ning the r or s macros is also considered \231safe\ -\232.)5 E F0 2.5(5.7. P)87 304.8 R 2.5<8a50>2.5 G -.18(re)134.22 304.8 S -(cedence De\214nitions).18 E F1 -1.11(Va)127 321 S .164 -(lues for the \231Precedence:\232 \214eld may be de\214ned using the)1.11 F F0 -(P)2.664 E F1 .164(control line.)2.664 F .164(The syntax of this)5.164 F -(\214eld is:)102 333 Q F0(P)142 349.2 Q F2(name)A F0(=)A F2(num)A F1 .384 -(When the)102 365.4 R F2(name)2.884 E F1 .384 -(is found in a \231Precedence:\232 \214eld, the message class is set to)2.884 F -F2(num)2.883 E F1 5.383(.H)C .383(igher numbers)446.127 365.4 R .85 -(mean higher precedence.)102 377.4 R .85(Numbers less than zero ha)5.85 F 1.15 --.15(ve t)-.2 H .85(he special property that if an error occurs).15 F 1.551 -(during processing the body of the message will not be returned; this is e)102 -389.4 R 1.551(xpected to be used for)-.15 F<9962>102 401.4 Q .461 -(ulk\232 mail such as through mailing lists.)-.2 F .461(The def)5.461 F .461 -(ault precedence is zero.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)5.461 G 2.962(re).15 G .462 -(xample, our list of)429.284 401.4 R(precedences is:)102 413.4 Q -(P\214rst-class=0)142 429.6 Q(Pspecial-deli)142 441.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry=100) -.15 E(Plist=\25530)142 453.6 Q(Pb)142 465.6 Q(ulk=\25560)-.2 E(Pjunk=\255100) -142 477.6 Q 1.059(People writing mailing list e)102 493.8 R 1.058 -(xploders are encouraged to use \231Precedence: list\232.)-.15 F 1.058(Older v) -6.058 F 1.058(ersions of)-.15 F F2(sendmail)102 505.8 Q F1 1.19 -(\(which discarded all error returns for ne)3.69 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.49 --.15(ve p)-.25 H 1.19(recedences\) didn').15 F 3.69(tr)-.18 G 1.19 -(ecognize this name,)422.47 505.8 R(gi)102 517.8 Q .599(ving it a def)-.25 F -.598(ault precedence of zero.)-.1 F .598(This allo)5.598 F .598 -(ws list maintainers to see error returns on both old)-.25 F(and ne)102 529.8 Q -2.5(wv)-.25 G(ersions of)142.7 529.8 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(.)A F0 2.5(5.8. V) -87 553.8 R 2.5<8a43>2.5 G(on\214guration V)136.44 553.8 Q(ersion Le)-1 E -.1 -(ve)-.15 G(l).1 E F1 3.181 -.8(To p)127 570 T(ro).8 E 1.581 -(vide compatibility with old con\214guration \214les, the)-.15 F F0(V)4.081 E -F1 1.582(line has been added to de\214ne)4.082 F 1.11(some v)102 582 R 1.11 -(ery basic semantics of the con\214guration \214le.)-.15 F 1.11 -(These are not intended to be long term sup-)6.11 F .033(ports; rather)102 594 -R 2.533(,t)-.4 G(he)158.046 594 Q 2.533(yd)-.15 G .033 -(escribe compatibility features which will probably be remo)179.869 594 R -.15 -(ve)-.15 G 2.533(di).15 G 2.533(nf)435.903 594 S .034(uture releases.)446.766 -594 R F0(N.B.:)127 610.2 Q F1 .197(these v)2.697 F(ersion)-.15 E F2(le)2.697 E -(vels)-.15 E F1(ha)2.697 E .496 -.15(ve n)-.2 H .196(othing to do with the v) -.15 F(ersion)-.15 E F2(number)2.696 E F1 .196(on the \214les.)2.696 F -.15(Fo) -5.196 G 2.696(re).15 G(xam-)483.45 610.2 Q(ple, as of this writing v)102 622.2 -Q(ersion 8 con\214g \214les \(speci\214cally)-.15 E 2.5(,8)-.65 G(.7\) used v) -333.41 622.2 Q(ersion le)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l6c).15 G(on\214gurations.) -432.84 622.2 Q 1.102(\231Old\232 con\214guration \214les are de\214ned as v)127 -638.4 R 1.102(ersion le)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.602(lo).15 G 3.602(ne. V) -353.006 638.4 R 1.102(ersion le)-1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.602(lt).15 G 1.302 -.1 -(wo \214)430.622 638.4 T 1.103(les mak).1 F 3.603(et)-.1 G(he)494.56 638.4 Q -(follo)102 650.4 Q(wing changes:)-.25 E 12.5(\(1\) Host)107 666.6 R .727(name \ -canoni\214cation \($[ ... $]\) appends a dot if the name is recognized; this g\ -i)3.227 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.226(st).15 G(he)494.56 666.6 Q 1.974 -(con\214g \214le a w)133.66 678.6 R 1.974(ay of \214nding out if an)-.1 F 1.974 -(ything matched.)-.15 F(\(Actually)6.974 E 4.475(,t)-.65 G 1.975 -(his just initializes the)413.345 678.6 R .739 -(\231host\232 map with the \231\255a.)133.66 690.6 R 5.739<9a8d>-.7 G .739 -(ag \212 you can reset it to an)251.445 690.6 R .738 -(ything you prefer by declaring the)-.15 F(map e)133.66 702.6 Q(xplicitly)-.15 -E(.\))-.65 E EP -%%Page: 47 42 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-47)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 12.5(\(2\) Def)107 96 R .384 -(ault host name e)-.1 F .385(xtension is consistent throughout processing; v) --.15 F .385(ersion le)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.885(lo).15 G .385(ne con\214gu-) -458.345 96 R .83(rations turned of)133.66 108 R 3.33(fd)-.25 G .83(omain e) -212.83 108 R .83 -(xtension \(that is, adding the local domain name\) during certain)-.15 F .4 -(points in processing.)133.66 120 R -1.11(Ve)5.4 G .4(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve) --.25 G 2.9(lt).15 G .6 -.1(wo c)280.53 120 T .4(on\214gurations are e).1 F .4 -(xpected to include a trailing dot)-.15 F -(to indicate that the name is already canonical.)133.66 132 Q 12.5(\(3\) Local) -107 148.2 R .072(names that are not aliases are passed through a ne)2.572 F -2.572(wd)-.25 G .072(istinguished ruleset \214v)372.752 148.2 R .072 -(e; this can)-.15 F 1.426(be used to append a local relay)133.66 160.2 R 6.426 -(.T)-.65 G 1.426(his beha)279.902 160.2 R 1.426(viour can be pre)-.2 F -.15(ve) --.25 G 1.426(nted by resolving the local).15 F .209(name with an initial `@'.) -133.66 172.2 R .209(That is, something that resolv)5.209 F .209 -(es to a local mailer and a user name)-.15 F 1.072 -(of \231vikki\232 will be passed through ruleset \214v)133.66 184.2 R 1.072 -(e, b)-.15 F 1.073(ut a user name of \231@vikki\232 will ha)-.2 F 1.373 -.15 -(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E .417 -(`@' stripped, will not be passed through ruleset \214v)133.66 196.2 R .417 -(e, b)-.15 F .416(ut will otherwise be treated the same)-.2 F 1.702 -(as the prior e)133.66 208.2 R 4.202(xample. The)-.15 F -.15(ex)4.202 G 1.703 -(pectation is that this might be used to implement a polic).15 F(y)-.15 E .136 -(where mail sent to \231vikki\232 w)133.66 220.2 R .135 -(as handled by a central hub, b)-.1 F .135 -(ut mail sent to \231vikki@localhost\232)-.2 F -.1(wa)133.66 232.2 S 2.5(sd).1 -G(eli)156.61 232.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(red directly).15 E(.)-.65 E -1.11(Ve)127 -248.4 S 1.382(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.882(lt).15 G 1.382 -(hree \214les allo)187.134 248.4 R 3.882(w#i)-.25 G 1.382 -(nitiated comments on all lines.)266.292 248.4 R 1.383 -(Exceptions are backslash)6.383 F(escaped # marks and the $# syntax.)102 260.4 -Q -1.11(Ve)127 276.6 S 1.208(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.708(lf).15 G -1.208(our con\214gurations are completely equi)187.336 276.6 R -.25(va)-.25 G -1.207(lent to le).25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.707(lt).15 G 1.207 -(hree for historical rea-)411.249 276.6 R(sons.)102 288.6 Q -1.11(Ve)127 304.8 -S 1.234(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.734<6c8c>.15 G 1.534 -.15(ve c)189.618 -304.8 T 1.234(on\214guration \214les change the def).15 F 1.234 -(ault de\214nition of)-.1 F F0($w)3.734 E F1 1.234(to be just the \214rst)3.734 -F(component of the hostname.)102 316.8 Q -1.11(Ve)127 333 S 1.589(rsion le)1.11 -F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.089(ls).15 G 1.589(ix con\214guration \214les change man) -188.658 333 R 4.088(yo)-.15 G 4.088(ft)342.272 333 S 1.588 -(he local processing options \(such as)352.47 333 R .48 -(aliasing and matching the be)102 345 R .481 -(ginning of the address for `|' characters\) to be mailer \215ags; this allo) --.15 F(ws)-.25 E 1.345(\214ne-grained control o)102 357 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.845 -(rt).15 G 1.345(he special local processing.)210.435 357 R(Le)6.345 E -.15(ve) --.25 G 3.845(ls).15 G 1.344(ix con\214guration \214les may also use)360.34 357 -R 1.221(long option names.)102 369 R(The)6.221 E F0(ColonOkInAddr)3.721 E F1 -1.221(option \(to allo)3.721 F 3.722(wc)-.25 G 1.222 -(olons in the local-part of addresses\))355.42 369 R(def)102 381 Q(aults)-.1 E -F0(on)3.44 E F1 .94(for lo)3.44 F .94(wer numbered con\214guration \214les; th\ -e con\214guration \214le requires some additional)-.25 F -(intelligence to properly handle the RFC 822 group construct.)102 393 Q(The)127 -409.2 Q F0(V)2.677 E F1 .177(line may ha)2.677 F .477 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 2.677(no) -.15 G(ptional)231.022 409.2 Q F0(/)2.677 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(vendor)A F1 -.178(to indicate that this con\214guration \214le uses modi\214ca-)2.677 F .865 -(tions speci\214c to a particular v)102 423.2 R(endor)-.15 E/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 -SF(19)246.986 419.2 Q F1 5.866(.Y)253.986 423.2 S .866(ou may use \231/Berk) -268.472 423.2 R(ele)-.1 E .866(y\232 to emphasize that this con\214gura-)-.15 F -(tion \214le uses the Berk)102 435.2 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5(yd)-.15 G(ialect of)213.13 -435.2 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(.)A F0 2.5(5.9. K)87 459.2 R 2.5<8a4b>2.5 G -(ey File Declaration)137.31 459.2 Q F1 -(Special maps can be de\214ned using the line:)127 475.4 Q -(Kmapname mapclass ar)142 491.6 Q(guments)-.18 E(The)102 507.8 Q F2(mapname) -2.751 E F1 .251(is the handle by which this map is referenced in the re)2.751 F -.25(writing rules.)-.25 F(The)5.25 E F2(mapclass)2.75 E F1(is)2.75 E 1.889 -(the name of a type of map; these are compiled in to)102 519.8 R F2(sendmail) -4.389 E F1 6.889(.T)C(he)384.013 519.8 Q F2(ar)4.389 E(guments)-.37 E F1 1.889 -(are interpreted)4.389 F .791(depending on the class; typically)102 531.8 R -3.291(,t)-.65 G .791(here w)244.185 531.8 R .791(ould be a single ar)-.1 F .79 -(gument naming the \214le containing the)-.18 F(map.)102 543.8 Q -(Maps are referenced using the syntax:)127 560 Q($\()142 576.2 Q F2(map k)2.5 E --.3(ey)-.1 G F1($@)2.8 E F2(ar)2.5 E(guments)-.37 E F1($:)2.5 E F2(default)2.5 -E F1($\))2.5 E .64(where either or both of the)102 592.4 R F2(ar)3.14 E -(guments)-.37 E F1(or)3.141 E F2(default)3.141 E F1 .641 -(portion may be omitted.)3.141 F(The)5.641 E F2 .641($@ ar)3.141 F(guments)-.37 -E F1(may)3.141 E 1.277(appear more than once.)102 604.4 R 1.277(The indicated) -6.277 F F2 -.1(ke)3.777 G(y)-.2 E F1(and)3.776 E F2(ar)3.776 E(guments)-.37 E -F1 1.276(are passed to the appropriate mapping)3.776 F 3.253(function. If)102 -616.4 R .753(it returns a v)3.253 F .753(alue, it replaces the input.)-.25 F -.753(If it does not return a v)5.753 F .753(alue and the)-.25 F F2(default) -3.253 E F1(is)3.253 E(speci\214ed, the)102 628.4 Q F2(default)2.5 E F1 -(replaces the input.)2.5 E(Otherwise, the input is unchanged.)5 E 1.042 -(During replacement of either a map v)127 644.6 R 1.042(alue or def)-.25 F -1.042(ault the string \231%)-.1 F F2(n)A F1 3.542<9a28>C(where)417.414 644.6 Q -F2(n)3.542 E F1 1.041(is a digit\) is)3.541 F .481 -(replaced by the corresponding)102 656.6 R F2(ar)2.981 E(gument)-.37 E F1 5.481 -(.A)C -.18(rg)280.385 656.6 S .482(ument zero is al).18 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .482 -(ys the database k).1 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 5.482(.F)-.5 G .482(or e)456.458 656.6 R -(xample,)-.15 E(the rule)102 668.6 Q .32 LW 76 678.2 72 678.2 DL 80 678.2 76 -678.2 DL 84 678.2 80 678.2 DL 88 678.2 84 678.2 DL 92 678.2 88 678.2 DL 96 -678.2 92 678.2 DL 100 678.2 96 678.2 DL 104 678.2 100 678.2 DL 108 678.2 104 -678.2 DL 112 678.2 108 678.2 DL 116 678.2 112 678.2 DL 120 678.2 116 678.2 DL -124 678.2 120 678.2 DL 128 678.2 124 678.2 DL 132 678.2 128 678.2 DL 136 678.2 -132 678.2 DL 140 678.2 136 678.2 DL 144 678.2 140 678.2 DL 148 678.2 144 678.2 -DL 152 678.2 148 678.2 DL 156 678.2 152 678.2 DL 160 678.2 156 678.2 DL 164 -678.2 160 678.2 DL 168 678.2 164 678.2 DL 172 678.2 168 678.2 DL 176 678.2 172 -678.2 DL 180 678.2 176 678.2 DL 184 678.2 180 678.2 DL 188 678.2 184 678.2 DL -192 678.2 188 678.2 DL 196 678.2 192 678.2 DL 200 678.2 196 678.2 DL 204 678.2 -200 678.2 DL 208 678.2 204 678.2 DL 212 678.2 208 678.2 DL 216 678.2 212 678.2 -DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(19)93.6 688.6 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .214 -(And of course, v)3.2 J .214(endors are encouraged to add themselv)-.12 F .214 -(es to the list of recognized v)-.12 F .214(endors by editing the routine)-.12 -F/F6 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(setvendor)2.214 E F5(in)2.214 E F6(conf)72 701.4 Q(.c) --.12 E F5 4(.P)C(lease send e-mail to sendmail@CS.Berk)101.656 701.4 Q(ele)-.08 -E -.52(y.)-.12 G(EDU to re).52 E(gister your v)-.12 E(endor dialect.)-.12 E EP -%%Page: 48 43 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-48 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(R$\255 ! $+)142 -96 Q($: $\(uucp $1 $@ $2 $: %1 @ %0 . UUCP $\))250 96 Q 1.269(Looks up the UUC\ -P name in a \(user de\214ned\) UUCP map; if not found it turns it into \231.UU\ -CP\232)102 112.2 R 2.5(form. The)102 124.2 R -(database might contain records lik)2.5 E(e:)-.1 E(decv)142 140.4 Q 77.43 -(ax %1@%0.DEC.COM)-.25 F 72.19(research %1@%0.A)142 152.4 R(TT)-1.11 E(.COM) --.74 E .741(The b)127 172.8 R .741(uilt in map with both name and class \231ho\ -st\232 is the host name canonicalization lookup.)-.2 F(Thus, the syntax:)102 -184.8 Q($\(host)142 201 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(hostname)2.5 E F1($\))A -(is equi)102 217.2 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to:).25 E($[)142 233.4 Q F2(hostname)A -F1($])A(There are man)127 253.8 Q 2.5(yd)-.15 G(e\214ned classes.)197.1 253.8 Q -51.72(dbm Database)102 270 R 1.623(lookups using the ndbm\(3\) library)4.123 F -(.)-.65 E F2(Sendmail)6.623 E F1 1.623(must be compiled with)4.123 F F0(NDBM) -174 282 Q F1(de\214ned.)2.5 E 49.51(btree Database)102 298.2 R 1.284 -(lookups using the btree interf)3.784 F 1.285(ace to the Berk)-.1 F(ele)-.1 E -3.785(yd)-.15 G 1.285(b\(3\) library)425.99 298.2 R(.)-.65 E F2(Send-)6.285 E -(mail)174 310.2 Q F1(must be compiled with)2.5 E F0(NEWDB)2.5 E F1(de\214ned.) -2.5 E 51.17(hash Database)102 326.4 R .122(lookups using the hash interf)2.622 -F .122(ace to the Berk)-.1 F(ele)-.1 E 2.622(yd)-.15 G .121(b\(3\) library) -413.868 326.4 R(.)-.65 E F2(Sendmail)5.121 E F1(must be compiled with)174 338.4 -Q F0(NEWDB)2.5 E F1(de\214ned.)2.5 E 57.83(nis NIS)102 354.6 R(lookups.)2.5 E -F2(Sendmail)5 E F1(must be compiled with)2.5 E F0(NIS)2.5 E F1(de\214ned.)2.5 E -41.16(nisplus NIS+)102 370.8 R(lookups.)3.733 E F2(Sendmail)6.233 E F1 1.233 -(must be compiled with)3.733 F F0(NISPLUS)3.733 E F1 3.733(de\214ned. The)3.733 -F(ar)3.733 E(gu-)-.18 E .495 -(ment is the name of the table to use for lookups, and the)174 382.8 R F0<ad6b> -2.995 E F1(and)2.995 E F0<ad76>2.995 E F1 .495(\215ags may be)2.995 F -(used to set the k)174 394.8 Q .3 -.15(ey a)-.1 H(nd v).15 E -(alue columns respecti)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E(.)-.65 E 43.39 -(hesiod Hesiod)102 411 R(lookups.)2.5 E F2(Sendmail)5 E F1 -(must be compiled with)2.5 E F0(HESIOD)2.5 E F1(de\214ned.)2.5 E 41.17 -(netinfo NeXT)102 427.2 R(NetInfo lookups.)2.5 E F2(Sendmail)5 E F1 -(must be compiled with)2.5 E F0(NETINFO)2.5 E F1(de\214ned.)2.5 E(te)102 443.4 -Q 54.65(xt T)-.15 F -.15(ex)-.7 G 2.917<748c>.15 G .417(le lookups.)199.957 -443.4 R .417(The format of the te)5.417 F .418(xt \214le is de\214ned by the) --.15 F F0<ad6b>2.918 E F1(\(k)2.918 E .718 -.15(ey \214)-.1 H .418(eld num-).15 -F(ber\),)174 455.4 Q F0<ad76>2.5 E F1(\(v)2.5 E(alue \214eld number\), and)-.25 -E F0<ad7a>2.5 E F1(\(\214eld delimiter\) \215ags.)2.5 E 53.39(stab Internal)102 -471.6 R(symbol table lookups.)2.5 E(Used internally for aliasing.)5 E 38.38 -(implicit Really)102 487.8 R .546 -(should be called \231alias\232 \212 this is used to get the def)3.046 F .546 -(ault lookups for alias)-.1 F(\214les, and is the def)174 499.8 Q -(ault if no class is speci\214ed for alias \214les.)-.1 E 52.84(user Looks)102 -516 R .476(up users using)2.976 F F2 -.1(ge)2.976 G(tpwnam).1 E F1 2.976 -(\(3\). The)B F0<ad76>2.976 E F1 .477(\215ag can be used to specify the name) -2.976 F .142 -(of the \214eld to return \(although this is normally used only to check the e) -174 528 R .142(xistence of)-.15 F 2.5(au)174 540 S(ser\).)185.94 540 Q 52.83 -(host Canoni\214es)102 556.2 R .2(host domain names.)2.7 F(Gi)5.2 E -.15(ve) --.25 G 2.7(nah).15 G .2(ost name it calls the name serv)343.68 556.2 R .2 -(er to \214nd)-.15 F(the canonical name for that host.)174 568.2 Q 32.85 -(sequence The)102 584.4 R(ar)3.35 E .849 -(guments on the `K' line are a list of maps; the resulting map searches the) --.18 F(ar)174 596.4 Q .438 -(gument maps in order until it \214nds a match for the indicated k)-.18 F -.15 -(ey)-.1 G 5.439(.F)-.5 G .439(or e)456.501 596.4 R(xample,)-.15 E(if the k)174 -608.4 Q .3 -.15(ey d)-.1 H(e\214nition is:).15 E(Kmap1 ...)214 624.6 Q -(Kmap2 ...)214 636.6 Q(Kseqmap sequence map1 map2)214 648.6 Q .968 -(then a lookup ag)174 664.8 R .968 -(ainst \231seqmap\232 \214rst does a lookup in map1.)-.05 F .968 -(If that is found, it)5.968 F(returns immediately)174 676.8 Q 5(.O)-.65 G -(therwise, the same k)268.34 676.8 Q .3 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 2.5(su).15 G -(sed for map2.)375.85 676.8 Q 43.39(switch Much)102 693 R(lik)2.8 E 2.8(et)-.1 -G .3(he \231sequence\232 map e)220.61 693 R .301 -(xcept that the order of maps is determined by the)-.15 F .392(service switch.) -174 705 R .392(The ar)5.392 F .391 -(gument is the name of the service to be look)-.18 F .391(ed up; the v)-.1 F -(al-)-.25 E 1.492 -(ues from the service switch are appended to the map name to create ne)174 717 -R 3.993(wm)-.25 G(ap)494.56 717 Q EP -%%Page: 49 44 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-49)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.5(names. F)174 96 R(or e)-.15 E -(xample, consider the k)-.15 E .3 -.15(ey d)-.1 H(e\214nition:).15 E -(Kali switch aliases)214 112.2 Q(together with the service switch entry:)174 -128.4 Q 78.84(aliases nis)214 144.6 R(\214les)2.5 E 1.633 -(This causes a query ag)174 160.8 R 1.633 -(ainst the map \231ali\232 to search maps named \231ali.nis\232 and)-.05 F -(\231ali.\214les\232 in that order)174 172.8 Q(.)-.55 E 37.84(dequote Strip)102 -189 R .96(double quotes \("\) from a name.)3.46 F .961 -(It does not strip backslashes, and will not)5.961 F .173 -(strip quotes if the resulting string w)174 201 R .172 -(ould contain unscannable syntax \(that is, basic)-.1 F .386(errors lik)174 213 -R 2.886(eu)-.1 G .386(nbalanced angle brack)222.992 213 R .386 -(ets; more sophisticated errors such as unkno)-.1 F(wn)-.25 E .252 -(hosts are not check)174 225 R 2.752(ed\). The)-.1 F .251 -(intent is for use when trying to accept mail from sys-)2.752 F -(tems such as DECnet that routinely quote odd syntax such as)174 237 Q -("49ers::ubell")214 253.2 Q 2.5(At)174 269.4 S -(ypical usage is probably something lik)186.5 269.4 Q(e:)-.1 E -(Kdequote dequote)214 285.6 Q(...)214 309.6 Q 88.19(R$\255 $:)214 333.6 R -($\(dequote $1 $\))2.5 E(R$\255 $+)214 345.6 Q($: $>3 $1 $2)322 345.6 Q -(Care must be tak)174 361.8 Q(en to pre)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt une).15 E -(xpected results; for e)-.15 E(xample,)-.15 E("|someprogram < input > output") -214 378 Q 1.31(will ha)174 394.2 R 1.61 -.15(ve q)-.2 H 1.31(uotes stripped, b) -.15 F 1.31(ut the result is probably not what you had in mind.)-.2 F -.15(Fo) -174 406.2 S(rtunately these cases are rare.).15 E .488 -(Most of these accept as ar)127 422.4 R .488 -(guments the same optional \215ags and a \214lename \(or a mapname for)-.18 F -.31(NIS; the \214lename is the root of the database path, so that \231.db\232 \ -or some other e)102 434.4 R .31(xtension appropriate)-.15 F -(for the database type will be added to get the actual database name\).)102 -446.4 Q(Kno)5 E(wn \215ags are:)-.25 E 58.86(\255o Indicates)102 462.6 R 1.147 -(that this map is optional \212 that is, if it cannot be opened, no error is) -3.648 F(produced, and)174 474.6 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.5 E F1 -(will beha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 2.5(si).15 G 2.5(ft)333.9 474.6 S(he map e) -342.51 474.6 Q(xisted b)-.15 E(ut w)-.2 E(as empty)-.1 E(.)-.65 E .647 -(\255N, \255O)102 490.8 R .647(If neither)174.647 490.8 R F0<ad4e>3.147 E F1 -(or)3.147 E F0<ad4f>3.147 E F1 .647(are speci\214ed,)3.147 F F2(sendmail)3.147 -E F1 .647(uses an adapti)3.147 F .947 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .648(lgorithm to decide) -.15 F .108(whether or not to look for null bytes on the end of k)174 502.8 R --.15(ey)-.1 G 2.608(s. It).15 F .107(starts by trying both; if)2.608 F .819 -(it \214nds an)174 514.8 R 3.319(yk)-.15 G 1.119 -.15(ey w)228.157 514.8 T .819 -(ith a null byte it ne).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.319(rt).15 G .82(ries ag)345.83 -514.8 R .82(ain without a null byte and vice)-.05 F -.15(ve)174 526.8 S 2.828 -(rsa. If).15 F F0<ad4e>2.828 E F1 .328(is speci\214ed it ne)2.828 F -.15(ve) --.25 G 2.828(rt).15 G .328(ries without a null byte and if)311.696 526.8 R F0 -<ad4f>2.827 E F1 .327(is speci\214ed it)2.827 F(ne)174 538.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G -2.886(rt).15 G .386(ries with a null byte.)201.476 538.8 R .386 -(Setting one of these can speed matches b)5.386 F .386(ut are ne)-.2 F -.15(ve) --.25 G(r).15 E(necessary)174 550.8 Q 5.546(.I)-.65 G 3.046(fb)223.596 550.8 S -(oth)234.972 550.8 Q F0<ad4e>3.046 E F1(and)3.046 E F0<ad4f>3.046 E F1 .545 -(are speci\214ed,)3.045 F F2(sendmail)3.045 E F1 .545(will ne)3.045 F -.15(ve) --.25 G 3.045(rt).15 G .545(ry an)442.52 550.8 R 3.045(ym)-.15 G(atches)479.01 -550.8 Q(at all \212 that is, e)174 562.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G -(rything will appear to f).15 E(ail.)-.1 E<ad61>102 579 Q F2(x)A F1 1.356 -(Append the string)174 579 R F2(x)3.856 E F1 1.357(on successful matches.)3.856 -F -.15(Fo)6.357 G 3.857(re).15 G 1.357(xample, the def)382.852 579 R(ault)-.1 E -F2(host)3.857 E F1(map)3.857 E(appends a dot on successful matches.)174 591 Q -60.53(\255f Do)102 607.2 R(not fold upper to lo)2.5 E -(wer case before looking up the k)-.25 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(.)-.5 E 56.08 -(\255m Match)102 623.4 R .4(only \(without replacing the v)2.9 F 2.899 -(alue\). If)-.25 F .399(you only care about the e)2.899 F .399(xistence of)-.15 -F 7.306(ak)174 635.4 S 5.107 -.15(ey a)190.646 635.4 T 4.807(nd not the v).15 F -4.807(alue \(as you might when searching the NIS map)-.25 F 1.947 -(\231hosts.byname\232 for e)174 647.4 R 1.947(xample\), this \215ag pre)-.15 F --.15(ve)-.25 G 1.947(nts the map from substituting the).15 F -.25(va)174 659.4 -S 2.849(lue. Ho).25 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.149 -.4(r, T).15 H .349 -(he \255a ar).4 F .349(gument is still appended on a match, and the def)-.18 F -.35(ault is)-.1 F(still tak)174 671.4 Q(en if the match f)-.1 E(ails.)-.1 E -<ad6b>102 687.6 Q F2 -.1(ke)C(ycol)-.2 E F1(The k)174 687.6 Q .3 -.15(ey c)-.1 -H(olumn name \(for NIS+\) or number \(for te).15 E(xt lookups\).)-.15 E<ad76> -102 703.8 Q F2(valcol)A F1(The v)174 703.8 Q -(alue column name \(for NIS+\) or number \(for te)-.25 E(xt lookups\).)-.15 E -EP -%%Page: 50 45 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-50 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF<ad7a>102 96 Q/F2 -10/Times-Italic@0 SF(delim)A F1 .219(The column delimiter \(for te)174 96 R -.219(xt lookups\).)-.15 F .218(It can be a single character or one of the)5.219 -F 1.825(special strings \231)174 108 R 1.825(\\n\232 or \231)1.666 F 1.826 -(\\t\232 to indicate ne)1.666 F 1.826(wline or tab respecti)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 -G(ly).15 E 6.826(.I)-.65 G 4.326(fo)465.784 108 S(mitted)478.44 108 Q(entirely) -174 120 Q 2.5(,t)-.65 G(he column separator is an)211.68 120 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G -(equence of whitespace.)325.12 120 Q<ad73>102 136.2 Q F2(spacesub)A F1 -.15(Fo) -174 136.2 S 3.101(rt).15 G .601(he dequote map only)193.621 136.2 R 3.101(,t) --.65 G .601(he character to use to replace space characters after a)286.755 -136.2 R(successful dequote.)174 148.2 Q(The)127 164.4 Q F2(dbm)3.356 E F1 .856 -(map appends the strings \231.pag\232 and \231.dir\232 to the gi)3.356 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 3.356<6e8c>.15 G .856(lename; the tw)399.052 164.4 R(o)-.1 E F2(db) -3.356 E F1(-based)A(maps append \231.db\232.)102 176.4 Q -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 -G(xample, the map speci\214cation)206.4 176.4 Q -.15(Ku)142 192.6 S -(ucp dbm \255o \255N /usr/lib/uucpmap).15 E .21 -(speci\214es an optional map named \231uucp\232 of class \231dbm\232; it al)102 -208.8 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .21(ys has null bytes at the end of e).1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -(ry).15 E(string, and the data is located in /usr/lib/uucpmap.{dir)102 220.8 Q -(,pag}.)-.4 E 1.094(The program)127 237 R F2(mak)3.594 E(emap)-.1 E F1 1.094 -(\(8\) can be used to b)B 1.094(uild an)-.2 F 3.594(yo)-.15 G 3.594(ft)347.736 -237 S 1.095(he three database-oriented maps.)357.44 237 R(It)6.095 E(tak)102 -249 Q(es the follo)-.1 E(wing \215ags:)-.25 E 60.53(\255f Do)102 265.2 R -(not fold upper to lo)2.5 E(wer case in the map.)-.25 E 56.64(\255N Include)102 -281.4 R(null bytes in k)2.5 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(s.).15 E 58.86(\255o Append)102 -297.6 R(to an e)2.5 E(xisting \(old\) \214le.)-.15 E 60.53(\255r Allo)102 313.8 -R 3.669(wr)-.25 G 1.169(eplacement of e)205.749 313.8 R 1.168(xisting k)-.15 F --.15(ey)-.1 G 1.168(s; normally).15 F 3.668(,r)-.65 G 1.168(e-inserting an e) -371.63 313.8 R 1.168(xisting k)-.15 F 1.468 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 3.668(sa).15 G(n) -499 313.8 Q(error)174 325.8 Q(.)-.55 E 58.86(\255v Print)102 342 R -(what is happening.)2.5 E(The)102 358.2 Q F2(sendmail)3.605 E F1 1.105 -(daemon does not ha)3.605 F 1.405 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 3.605(ob).15 G 3.605(er) -272.975 358.2 S 1.106(estarted to read the ne)284.35 358.2 R 3.606(wm)-.25 G -1.106(aps as long as you change)394.88 358.2 R -(them in place; \214le locking is used so that the maps w)102 372.2 Q(on')-.1 E -2.5(tb)-.18 G 2.5(er)336.71 372.2 S(ead while the)346.98 372.2 Q 2.5(ya)-.15 G -(re being updated.)412.09 372.2 Q/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(20)481.24 368.2 Q F1 -(Ne)127 388.4 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G(lasses can be added in the routine)152.57 388.4 Q -F0(setupmaps)2.5 E F1(in \214le)2.5 E F0(conf)2.5 E(.c)-.15 E F1(.)A F0 2.5 -(5.10. The)87 412.4 R(User Database)2.5 E F1 .108(If you ha)127 428.6 R .408 --.15(ve a ve)-.2 H .109(rsion of).15 F F2(sendmail)2.609 E F1 .109 -(with the user database package compiled in, the handling of)2.609 F -(sender and recipient addresses is modi\214ed.)102 440.6 Q -(The location of this database is controlled with the)127 456.8 Q F0 -(UserDatabaseSpec)2.5 E F1(option.)2.5 E F0 2.5(5.10.1. Structur)102 480.8 R -2.5(eo)-.18 G 2.5(ft)182.92 480.8 S(he user database)192.08 480.8 Q F1 -(The database is a sorted \(BT)142 497 Q(ree-based\) structure.)-.35 E -(User records are stored with the k)5 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(:).15 E F2(user)157 513.2 -Q(-name)-.2 E F0(:)A F2(\214eld-name)A F1 .128 -(The sorted database format ensures that user records are clustered together) -117 529.4 R 5.128(.M)-.55 G .128(eta-information is)432.492 529.4 R(al)117 -541.4 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys stored with a leading colon.).1 E -(Field names de\214ne both the syntax and semantics of the v)142 557.6 Q 2.5 -(alue. De\214ned)-.25 F(\214elds include:)2.5 E 33.39(maildrop The)117 573.8 R -(deli)4.872 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.372(ry address for this user).15 F 7.372(.T)-.55 -G 2.373(here may be multiple v)349.472 573.8 R 2.373(alues of this)-.25 F 2.675 -(record. In)189 585.8 R(particular)2.675 E 2.675(,m)-.4 G .175 -(ailing lists will ha)284.095 585.8 R .475 -.15(ve o)-.2 H(ne).15 E F2(maildr) -2.675 E(op)-.45 E F1 .175(record for each user)2.675 F(on the list.)189 597.8 Q -30.06(mailname The)117 614 R 1.026(outgoing mailname for this user)3.526 F -6.026(.F)-.55 G 1.027(or each outgoing name, there should)353.336 614 R .08 -(be an appropriate)189 626 R F2(maildr)2.58 E(op)-.45 E F1 .08 -(record for that name to allo)2.58 F 2.58(wr)-.25 G .08(eturn mail.)422.38 626 -R .08(See also)5.08 F F2(:default:mailname)189 638 Q F1(.)A 25.62 -(mailsender Changes)117 654.2 R(an)3.447 E 3.447(ym)-.15 G .947 -(ail sent to this address to ha)252.404 654.2 R 1.248 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .948 -(he indicated en).15 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .948(lope sender).15 F(.)-.55 E 2.736 -(This is intended for mailing lists, and will normally be the name of an)189 -666.2 R .32 LW 76 675.8 72 675.8 DL 80 675.8 76 675.8 DL 84 675.8 80 675.8 DL -88 675.8 84 675.8 DL 92 675.8 88 675.8 DL 96 675.8 92 675.8 DL 100 675.8 96 -675.8 DL 104 675.8 100 675.8 DL 108 675.8 104 675.8 DL 112 675.8 108 675.8 DL -116 675.8 112 675.8 DL 120 675.8 116 675.8 DL 124 675.8 120 675.8 DL 128 675.8 -124 675.8 DL 132 675.8 128 675.8 DL 136 675.8 132 675.8 DL 140 675.8 136 675.8 -DL 144 675.8 140 675.8 DL 148 675.8 144 675.8 DL 152 675.8 148 675.8 DL 156 -675.8 152 675.8 DL 160 675.8 156 675.8 DL 164 675.8 160 675.8 DL 168 675.8 164 -675.8 DL 172 675.8 168 675.8 DL 176 675.8 172 675.8 DL 180 675.8 176 675.8 DL -184 675.8 180 675.8 DL 188 675.8 184 675.8 DL 192 675.8 188 675.8 DL 196 675.8 -192 675.8 DL 200 675.8 196 675.8 DL 204 675.8 200 675.8 DL 208 675.8 204 675.8 -DL 212 675.8 208 675.8 DL 216 675.8 212 675.8 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(20)93.6 -686.2 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .466(That is, don')3.2 J 2.466(tc)-.144 G .466 -(reate ne)148.294 689.4 R 2.466(wm)-.2 G .466(aps and then use)188.122 689.4 R -/F6 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(mv)2.466 E F5 .466(\(1\) to mo)B .706 -.12(ve t)-.12 H -.466(hem into place.).12 F .465(Since the maps are already open the ne)4.466 F -2.465(wm)-.2 G(aps)493.336 689.4 Q(will ne)72 699 Q -.12(ve)-.2 G 2(rb).12 G 2 -(es)109.896 699 S(een.)118.56 699 Q EP -%%Page: 51 46 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-51)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .655 -(appropriate -request address.)189 96 R .656(It is v)5.656 F .656 -(ery similar to the o)-.15 F(wner)-.25 E(-)-.2 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(list)A -F1 .656(syntax in the)3.156 F(alias \214le.)189 108 Q 33.95(fullname The)117 -124.2 R(full name of the user)2.5 E(.)-.55 E(of)117 140.4 Q 13.66 -(\214ce-address The)-.25 F(of)2.5 E(\214ce address for this user)-.25 E(.)-.55 -E(of)117 156.6 Q 19.21(\214ce-phone The)-.25 F(of)2.5 E -(\214ce phone number for this user)-.25 E(.)-.55 E(of)117 172.8 Q(\214ce-f)-.25 -E 30.98(ax The)-.1 F(of)2.5 E(\214ce F)-.25 E(AX number for this user)-.74 E(.) --.55 E 13.96(home-address The)117 189 R(home address for this user)2.5 E(.)-.55 -E 19.51(home-phone The)117 205.2 R(home phone number for this user)2.5 E(.)-.55 -E(home-f)117 221.4 Q 31.28(ax The)-.1 F(home F)2.5 E(AX number for this user) --.74 E(.)-.55 E 41.73(project A)117 237.6 R .856 -(\(short\) description of the project this person is af)3.356 F .855 -(\214liated with.)-.25 F .855(In the Uni-)5.855 F -.15(ve)189 249.6 S -(rsity this is often just the name of their graduate advisor).15 E(.)-.55 E -52.28(plan A)117 265.8 R -(pointer to a \214le from which plan information can be g)2.5 E(athered.)-.05 E -.924(As of this writing, only a fe)142 282 R 3.424(wo)-.25 G 3.424(ft)273.208 -282 S .925(hese \214elds are actually being used by)282.742 282 R F2(sendmail) -3.425 E F1(:)A F2(mail-)3.425 E(dr)117 294 Q(op)-.45 E F1(and)2.5 E F2 -(mailname)2.5 E F1 5(.A)C F2(\214ng)211.54 294 Q(er)-.1 E F1 -(program that uses the other \214elds is planned.)2.5 E F0 2.5(5.10.2. User)102 -318 R(database semantics)2.5 E F1 .996(When the re)142 334.2 R .995 -(writing rules submit an address to the local mailer)-.25 F 3.495(,t)-.4 G .995 -(he user name is passed)408.93 334.2 R .78(through the alias \214le.)117 346.2 -R .781 -(If no alias is found \(or if the alias points back to the same address\), the) -5.78 F 1.778(name \(with \231:maildrop\232 appended\) is then used as a k)117 -358.2 R 2.077 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 4.277(nt).15 G 1.777(he user database.)375.985 -358.2 R 1.777(If no match)6.777 F -(occurs \(or if the maildrop points at the same address\), forw)117 370.2 Q -(arding is tried.)-.1 E .55(If the \214rst tok)142 386.4 R .551(en of the user\ - name returned by ruleset 0 is an \231@\232 sign, the user database)-.1 F .626 -(lookup is skipped.)117 398.4 R .625 -(The intent is that the user database will act as a set of def)5.626 F .625 -(aults for a cluster)-.1 F 1.533(\(in our case, the Computer Science Di)117 -410.4 R 1.533(vision\); mail sent to a speci\214c machine should ignore)-.25 F -(these def)117 422.4 Q(aults.)-.1 E .351 -(When mail is sent, the name of the sending user is look)142 438.6 R .351 -(ed up in the database.)-.1 F .351(If that user)5.351 F .04 -(has a \231mailname\232 record, the v)117 450.6 R .041 -(alue of that record is used as their outgoing name.)-.25 F -.15(Fo)5.041 G -2.541(re).15 G .041(xample, I)466.189 450.6 R(might ha)117 462.6 Q .3 -.15 -(ve a r)-.2 H(ecord:).15 E 48.29(eric:mailname Eric.Allman@CS.Berk)157 478.8 R -(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(This w)117 495 Q -(ould cause my outgoing mail to be sent as Eric.Allman.)-.1 E .52 -(If a \231maildrop\232 is found for the user)142 511.2 R 3.019(,b)-.4 G .519 -(ut no corresponding \231mailname\232 record e)299.686 511.2 R .519(xists, the) --.15 F 1.127(record \231:def)117 523.2 R 1.127(ault:mailname\232 is consulted.) --.1 F 1.127(If present, this is the name of a host to o)6.127 F -.15(ve)-.15 G -1.128(rride the).15 F .625(local host.)117 535.2 R -.15(Fo)5.625 G 3.125(re).15 -G .625(xample, in our case we w)185.515 535.2 R .625 -(ould set it to \231CS.Berk)-.1 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G 3.125(EDU\232. The) -.65 F(ef)3.125 E .625(fect is that)-.25 F(an)117 547.2 Q .881(yone kno)-.15 F -.882(wn in the database gets their outgoing mail stamped as \231user@CS.Berk) --.25 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\232,).65 E -.2(bu)117 559.2 S 2.5(tp).2 G -(eople not listed in the database use the local hostname.)137.08 559.2 Q F0 2.5 -(5.10.3. Cr)102 585.2 R(eating the database)-.18 E/F3 7/Times-Bold@0 SF(21) -228.2 581.2 Q F1 .375(The user database is b)142 601.4 R .375(uilt from a te) --.2 F .375(xt \214le using the)-.15 F F2(mak)2.875 E(emap)-.1 E F1 .375 -(utility \(in the distrib)2.875 F .375(ution in)-.2 F 1.039(the mak)117 613.4 R -1.039(emap subdirectory\).)-.1 F 1.039(The te)6.039 F 1.038 -(xt \214le is a series of lines corresponding to userdb records;)-.15 F 1.588 -(each line has a k)117 625.4 R 1.889 -.15(ey a)-.1 H 1.589(nd a v).15 F 1.589 -(alue separated by white space.)-.25 F 1.589(The k)6.589 F 1.889 -.15(ey i)-.1 -H 4.089(sa).15 G -.1(lwa)421.943 625.4 S 1.589(ys in the format).1 F -(described abo)117 637.4 Q .3 -.15(ve \212 f)-.15 H(or e).15 E(xample:)-.15 E -(eric:maildrop)157 653.6 Q .448 -(This \214le is normally installed in a system directory; for e)117 669.8 R -.447(xample, it might be called)-.15 F F2(/etc/user)2.947 E(db)-.37 E F1(.)A -.32 LW 76 679.4 72 679.4 DL 80 679.4 76 679.4 DL 84 679.4 80 679.4 DL 88 679.4 -84 679.4 DL 92 679.4 88 679.4 DL 96 679.4 92 679.4 DL 100 679.4 96 679.4 DL 104 -679.4 100 679.4 DL 108 679.4 104 679.4 DL 112 679.4 108 679.4 DL 116 679.4 112 -679.4 DL 120 679.4 116 679.4 DL 124 679.4 120 679.4 DL 128 679.4 124 679.4 DL -132 679.4 128 679.4 DL 136 679.4 132 679.4 DL 140 679.4 136 679.4 DL 144 679.4 -140 679.4 DL 148 679.4 144 679.4 DL 152 679.4 148 679.4 DL 156 679.4 152 679.4 -DL 160 679.4 156 679.4 DL 164 679.4 160 679.4 DL 168 679.4 164 679.4 DL 172 -679.4 168 679.4 DL 176 679.4 172 679.4 DL 180 679.4 176 679.4 DL 184 679.4 180 -679.4 DL 188 679.4 184 679.4 DL 192 679.4 188 679.4 DL 196 679.4 192 679.4 DL -200 679.4 196 679.4 DL 204 679.4 200 679.4 DL 208 679.4 204 679.4 DL 212 679.4 -208 679.4 DL 216 679.4 212 679.4 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(21)93.6 689.8 Q/F5 8 -/Times-Roman@0 SF .289(These instructions are kno)3.2 J .289 -(wn to be incomplete.)-.2 F 2.289(Af)4.289 G .289(uture v)266.464 693 R .289 -(ersion of the user database is planned including things such as \214n-)-.12 F -(ger service \212 and good documentation.)72 702.6 Q EP -%%Page: 52 47 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-52 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.6 -.8(To m)117 -96 T(ak).8 E 2.5(et)-.1 G(he database v)156.65 96 Q -(ersion of the map, run the program:)-.15 E(mak)157 112.2 Q -(emap btree /etc/userdb)-.1 E(.db < /etc/userdb)-.4 E .077 -(Then create a con\214g \214le that uses this.)117 128.4 R -.15(Fo)5.077 G -2.577(re).15 G .077(xample, using the V8 M4 con\214guration, include the) -296.531 128.4 R(follo)117 140.4 Q(wing line in your .mc \214le:)-.25 E -(de\214ne\(\222confUSERDB_SPEC\264, /etc/userdb)157 156.6 Q(.db\))-.4 E F0 2.5 -(6. O)72 184.8 R(THER CONFIGURA)-.4 E(TION)-.95 E F1 .907 -(There are some con\214guration changes that can be made by recompiling)112 201 -R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.407 E F1 5.907(.T)C .906(his section) -460.594 201 R 1.139 -(describes what changes can be made and what has to be modi\214ed to mak)87 213 -R 3.639(et)-.1 G 3.639(hem. In)403.894 213 R 1.139(most cases this)3.639 F -(should be unnecessary unless you are porting)87 225 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1 -(to a ne)2.5 E 2.5(we)-.25 G -.4(nv)349.76 225 S(ironment.).4 E F0 2.5(6.1. P) -87 249 R(arameters in sr)-.1 E(c/Mak)-.18 E(e\214le)-.1 E F1 .92 -(These parameters are intended to describe the compilation en)127 265.2 R .92 -(vironment, not site polic)-.4 F 2.22 -.65(y, a)-.15 H(nd).65 E -(should normally be de\214ned in src/Mak)102 277.2 Q(e\214le.)-.1 E 39.5 -(NDBM If)102 293.4 R .664(set, the ne)3.164 F 3.164(wv)-.25 G .664 -(ersion of the DBM library that allo)240.406 293.4 R .665 -(ws multiple databases will be)-.25 F 2.543(used. If)174 305.4 R .042 -(neither NDBM nor NEWDB are set, a much less ef)2.543 F .042 -(\214cient method of alias)-.25 F(lookup is used.)174 317.4 Q 32.84(NEWDB If) -102 333.6 R .141(set, use the ne)2.641 F 2.642(wd)-.25 G .142 -(atabase package from Berk)254.436 333.6 R(ele)-.1 E 2.642(y\()-.15 G .142 -(from 4.4BSD\).)385.814 333.6 R .142(This package)5.142 F .267 -(is substantially f)174 345.6 R .267(aster than DBM or NDBM.)-.1 F .267 -(If NEWDB and NDBM are both set,)5.267 F F2(sendmail)174 357.6 Q F1 -(will read DBM \214les, b)2.5 E(ut will create and use NEWDB \214les.)-.2 E -53.39(NIS Include)102 373.8 R .119(support for NIS.)2.619 F .119 -(If set together with)5.119 F F2(both)2.619 E F1 .119(NEWDB and NDBM,)2.619 F -F2(sendmail)2.62 E F1 .947(will create both DBM and NEWDB \214les if and only \ -if an alias \214le includes the)174 385.8 R 3.409 -(substring \231/yp/\232 in the name.)174 397.8 R 3.409 -(This is intended for compatibility with Sun)8.409 F(Microsystems')174 409.8 Q -F2(mkalias)2.5 E F1(program used on YP masters.)2.5 E 28.94(NISPLUS Compile)102 -426 R(in support for NIS+.)2.5 E 26.73(NETINFO Compile)102 442.2 R -(in support for NetInfo \(NeXT stations\).)2.5 E 32.84(HESIOD Compile)102 458.4 -R(in support for Hesiod.)2.5 E(_P)102 474.6 Q -1.11(AT)-.92 G(H_SENDMAILCF)1.11 -E(The pathname of the sendmail.cf \214le.)174 486.6 Q(_P)102 502.8 Q -1.11(AT) --.92 G(H_SENDMAILPID)1.11 E(The pathname of the sendmail.pid \214le.)174 514.8 -Q 1.44(There are also se)127 531 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.439 -(ral compilation \215ags to indicate the en).15 F 1.439 -(vironment such as \231_AIX3\232 and)-.4 F 2.5(\231_SCO_unix_\232. See)102 543 -R(the READ_ME \214le for the latest scoop on these \215ags.)2.5 E F0 2.5 -(6.2. P)87 567 R(arameters in sr)-.1 E(c/conf)-.18 E(.h)-.15 E F1 -.15(Pa)127 -583.2 S .895(rameters and compilation options are de\214ned in conf.h.).15 F -.896(Most of these need not normally)5.895 F .193(be tweak)102 595.2 R .192 -(ed; common parameters are all in sendmail.cf.)-.1 F(Ho)5.192 E(we)-.25 E -.15 -(ve)-.25 G .992 -.4(r, t).15 H .192(he sizes of certain primiti).4 F .492 -.15 -(ve ve)-.25 H(c-).15 E(tors, etc., are included in this \214le.)102 607.2 Q -(The numbers follo)5 E(wing the parameters are their def)-.25 E(ault v)-.1 E -(alue.)-.25 E 1.247(This document is not the best source of information for co\ -mpilation \215ags in conf.h \212 see)127 623.4 R -(src/READ_ME or src/conf.h itself.)102 635.4 Q 1.91(MAXLINE [2048])102 651.6 R -1.909(The maximum line length of an)190.31 651.6 R 4.409(yi)-.15 G 1.909 -(nput line.)338.276 651.6 R 1.909(If message lines e)6.909 F 1.909(xceed this) --.15 F .575(length the)188.4 663.6 R 3.075(yw)-.15 G .575 -(ill still be processed correctly; ho)243.84 663.6 R(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -1.375 -.4(r, h).15 H .575(eader lines, con\214gura-).4 F -(tion \214le lines, alias lines, etc., must \214t within this limit.)188.4 -675.6 Q(MAXN)102 691.8 Q(AME [256])-.35 E(The maximum length of an)9.82 E 2.5 -(yn)-.15 G(ame, such as a host or a user name.)309.63 691.8 Q .231(MAXPV [40]) -102 708 R .231(The maximum number of parameters to an)188.631 708 R 2.731(ym) --.15 G(ailer)376.458 708 Q 5.231(.T)-.55 G .23(his limits the number of)407.519 -708 R .375(recipients that may be passed in one transaction.)188.4 720 R .376 -(It can be set to an)5.376 F 2.876(ya)-.15 G(rbitrary)474.01 720 Q EP -%%Page: 53 48 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-53)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .876(number abo)188.4 96 R 1.176 --.15(ve a)-.15 H .876(bout 10, since).15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail) -3.376 E F1 .876(will break up a deli)3.376 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .875 -(ry into smaller).15 F .886(batches as needed.)188.4 108 R 3.386(Ah)5.886 G -.887(igher number may reduce load on your system, ho)285.804 108 R(w-)-.25 E --2.15 -.25(ev e)188.4 120 T -.55(r.).25 G(MAXA)102 136.2 Q -.18(TO)-1.11 G -2.559(M[).18 G 8.26(100] The)159.369 136.2 R .059 -(maximum number of atoms \(tok)2.559 F .058(ens\) in a single address.)-.1 F --.15(Fo)5.058 G 2.558(re).15 G .058(xample, the)457.282 136.2 R -(address \231eric@CS.Berk)188.4 148.2 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\232 is se) -.65 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(na).15 G(toms.)367.93 148.2 Q .112(MAXMAILERS [25])102 -164.4 R .112(The maximum number of mailers that may be de\214ned in the con\ -\214guration \214le.).02 F(MAXR)102 180.6 Q .401(WSETS [200])-.55 F .401 -(The maximum number of re).01 F .401(writing sets that may be de\214ned.)-.25 F -.4(The \214rst half of)5.4 F .034(these are reserv)188.4 192.6 R .034 -(ed for numeric speci\214cation \(e.g., `)-.15 F(`S92')-.74 E .035 -('\), while the upper half)-.74 F .492(are reserv)188.4 204.6 R .492 -(ed for auto-numbering \(e.g., `)-.15 F(`Sfoo')-.74 E 2.992('\). Thus,)-.74 F -.492(with a v)2.992 F .491(alue of 200 an)-.25 F(attempt to use `)188.4 216.6 Q -(`S99')-.74 E 2.5('w)-.74 G(ill succeed, b)284.13 216.6 Q(ut `)-.2 E(`S100') --.74 E 2.5('w)-.74 G(ill f)388.82 216.6 Q(ail.)-.1 E(MAXPRIORITIES [25])102 -232.8 Q 2.481(The maximum number of v)188.4 244.8 R 2.482 -(alues for the \231Precedence:\232 \214eld that may be)-.25 F -(de\214ned \(using the)188.4 256.8 Q F0(P)2.5 E F1(line in sendmail.cf\).)2.5 E -(MAXUSERENVIR)102 273 Q(ON [100])-.4 E .399 -(The maximum number of items in the user en)188.4 285 R .399 -(vironment that will be passed to)-.4 F(subordinate mailers.)188.4 297 Q -(MAXMXHOSTS [20])102 313.2 Q -(The maximum number of MX records we will accept for an)188.4 325.2 Q 2.5(ys) --.15 G(ingle host.)439.03 325.2 Q .712(MAXALIASDB [12])102 341.4 R .712 -(The maximum number of alias databases that can be open at an).58 F 3.213(yt) --.15 G 3.213(ime. Note)461.347 341.4 R -(that there may also be an open \214le limit.)188.4 353.4 Q(MAXMAPST)102 369.6 -Q -.4(AC)-.93 G 2.5(K[).4 G(12])184.28 369.6 Q 1.65 -(The maximum number of maps that may be "stack)188.4 381.6 R 1.65(ed" in a)-.1 -F F0(sequence)4.15 E F1(class)4.15 E(map.)188.4 393.6 Q(MAXMIMEARGS [20])102 -409.8 Q .718(The maximum number of ar)188.4 421.8 R .718 -(guments in a MIME Content-T)-.18 F .718(ype: header; addi-)-.8 F(tional ar) -188.4 433.8 Q(guments will be ignored.)-.18 E(MAXMIMENESTING [20])102 450 Q .4 -(The maximum depth to which MIME messages may be nested \(that is, nested)188.4 -462 R 1.344 -(Message or Multipart documents; this does not limit the number of compo-)188.4 -474 R(nents in a single Multipart document\).)188.4 486 Q 2.851(An)102 502.2 S -.351(umber of other compilation options e)117.071 502.2 R 2.851(xist. These) --.15 F .35(specify whether or not speci\214c code should be)2.851 F -(compiled in.)102 514.2 Q(Ones mark)5 E(ed with \207 are 0/1 v)-.1 E(alued.) --.25 E 36.69(NETINET\207 If)102 530.4 R .829 -(set, support for Internet protocol netw)3.329 F .829(orking is compiled in.) --.1 F(Pre)5.829 E .83(vious v)-.25 F(er)-.15 E(-)-.2 E .178(sions of)188.4 -542.4 R F2(sendmail)2.678 E F1 .178(referred to this as)2.678 F/F3 9 -/Times-Roman@0 SF -.36(DA)2.678 G(EMON).36 E F1 2.677(;t)C .177 -(his old usage is no)381.715 542.4 R 2.677(wi)-.25 G(ncorrect.)468.74 542.4 Q -(Def)188.4 554.4 Q 1.87(aults on; turn it of)-.1 F 4.37(fi)-.25 G 4.37(nt) -292.67 554.4 S 1.87(he Mak)304.82 554.4 R 1.87(e\214le if your system doesn') --.1 F 4.37(ts)-.18 G 1.87(upport the)461.3 554.4 R(Internet protocols.)188.4 -566.4 Q 43.35(NETISO\207 If)102 582.6 R .143 -(set, support for ISO protocol netw)2.643 F .142 -(orking is compiled in \(it may be appropri-)-.1 F -(ate to #de\214ne this in the Mak)188.4 594.6 Q(e\214le instead of conf.h\).) --.1 E 63.35(LOG If)102 610.8 R .5(set, the)3 F F2(syslo)3 E(g)-.1 E F1 .5 -(routine in use at some sites is used.)3 F .5(This mak)5.5 F .5(es an informa-) --.1 F .504(tional log record for each message processed, and mak)188.4 622.8 R -.504(es a higher priority log)-.1 F .052(record for internal system errors.) -188.4 634.8 R F0(STR)5.052 E(ONGL)-.3 E 2.552(YR)-.92 G(ECOMMENDED)389.682 -634.8 Q F1 2.553<8a69>2.552 G 2.553(fy)483.117 634.8 S(ou)494 634.8 Q -.1(wa) -188.4 646.8 S(nt no logging, turn it of).1 E 2.5(fi)-.25 G 2.5(nt)301.66 646.8 -S(he con\214guration \214le.)311.94 646.8 Q(MA)102 663 Q 11.12 -(TCHGECOS\207 Compile)-1.11 F 3.555(in the code to do `)6.055 F 3.555 -(`fuzzy matching')-.74 F 6.055('o)-.74 G 6.055(nt)404.22 663 S 3.555 -(he GECOS \214eld in)418.055 663 R 2.5(/etc/passwd. This)188.4 675 R -(also requires that the)2.5 E F0(MatchGECOS)2.5 E F1(option be turned on.)2.5 E --.35(NA)102 691.2 S 13.15(MED_BIND\207 Compile).35 F .412 -(in code to use the Berk)2.912 F(ele)-.1 E 2.913(yI)-.15 G .413 -(nternet Name Domain \(BIND\) serv)342.405 691.2 R .413(er to)-.15 F(resolv) -188.4 703.2 Q 2.5(eT)-.15 G(CP/IP host names.)225.74 703.2 Q EP -%%Page: 54 49 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-54 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(NO)102 96 Q -38.76(TUNIX If)-.4 F .248 -(you are using a non-UNIX mail format, you can set this \215ag to turn of)2.748 -F 2.747(fs)-.25 G(pe-)491.23 96 Q -(cial processing of UNIX-style \231From \232 lines.)188.4 108 Q -.1(QU)102 -124.2 S 50.12(EUE This).1 F 1.559 -(\215ag should be set to compile in the queueing code.)4.059 F 1.56 -(If this is not set,)6.56 F -(mailers must accept the mail immediately or it will be returned to the sender) -188.4 136.2 Q(.)-.55 E 57.78(SMTP If)102 152.4 R .756 -(set, the code to handle user and serv)3.256 F .756 -(er SMTP will be compiled in.)-.15 F .756(This is)5.756 F 2.507 -(only necessary if your machine has some mailer that speaks SMTP \(this)188.4 -164.4 R(means most machines e)188.4 176.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rywhere\).).15 E -39.45(USERDB\207 Include)102 192.6 R(the)3.449 E F0(experimental)3.449 E F1 -(Berk)3.449 E(ele)-.1 E 3.449(yu)-.15 G .949(ser information database package.) -341.356 192.6 R(This)5.948 E .27(adds a ne)188.4 204.6 R 2.77(wl)-.25 G -2.15 --.25(ev e)238.67 204.6 T 2.77(lo).25 G 2.77(fl)262.7 204.6 S .27(ocal name e) -271.58 204.6 R .27(xpansion between aliasing and forw)-.15 F 2.77(arding. It) --.1 F(also uses the NEWDB package.)188.4 216.6 Q -(This may change in future releases.)5 E(The follo)102 232.8 Q -(wing options are normally turned on in per)-.25 E -(-operating-system clauses in conf.h.)-.2 E(IDENTPR)102 249 Q -1.88 -.4(OT O) --.4 H 19.61<8743>.4 G .376 -(ompile in the IDENT protocol as de\214ned in RFC 1413.)195.07 249 R .375 -(This def)5.375 F .375(aults on for)-.1 F 1.053(all systems e)188.4 261 R 1.053 -(xcept Ultrix, which apparently has the interesting \231feature\232 that)-.15 F -.83(when it recei)188.4 273 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.33(sa\231).15 G .83 -(host unreachable\232 message it closes all open connections)270.18 273 R 1.921 -(to that host.)188.4 285 R 1.921(Since some \214re)6.921 F -.1(wa)-.25 G 1.922 -(ll g).1 F(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G 1.922(ys send this error code when you).1 F -2.055 -(access an unauthorized port \(such as 113, used by IDENT\), Ultrix cannot) -188.4 297 R(recei)188.4 309 Q .3 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(mail from such hosts.).15 E -39.45(SYSTEM5 Set)102 325.2 R -(all of the compilation parameters appropriate for System V)2.5 E(.)-1.29 E -26.12(HASFLOCK\207 Use)102 341.4 R(Berk)2.844 E(ele)-.1 E(y-style)-.15 E F0 -(\215ock)2.844 E F1 .344(instead of System V)2.844 F F0(lockf)2.845 E F1 .345 -(to do \214le locking.)2.845 F .345(Due to)5.345 F .184 -(the highly unusual semantics of locks across forks in)188.4 353.4 R F0(lockf) -2.684 E F1 2.684(,t)C .184(his should al)432.722 353.4 R -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys).1 E -(be used if at all possible.)188.4 365.4 Q(HASINITGR)102 381.6 Q 4.86(OUPS Set) --.4 F 1.284(this if your system has the)3.783 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(initgr) -3.784 E(oups\(\))-.45 E F1 1.284(call \(if you ha)3.784 F 1.584 -.15(ve m)-.2 H -1.284(ultiple group).15 F 4.417(support\). This)188.4 393.6 R 1.917(is the def) -4.417 F 1.917(ault if SYSTEM5 is)-.1 F F2(not)4.416 E F1 1.916 -(de\214ned or if you are on)4.416 F(HPUX.)188.4 405.6 Q(HASUN)102 421.8 Q 27.59 -(AME Set)-.35 F 1.148(this if you ha)3.648 F 1.448 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E F2 -(uname)3.648 E F1 1.149(\(2\) system call \(or corresponding library rou-)B 2.5 -(tine\). Set)188.4 433.8 R(by def)2.5 E(ault if SYSTEM5 is set.)-.1 E(HASGETDT) -102 450 Q(ABLESIZE)-.93 E(Set this if you ha)188.4 462 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he) -.15 E F2 -.1(ge)2.5 G(tdtablesize).1 E F1(\(2\) system call.)A(HASW)102 478.2 Q -22.89(AITPID Set)-1.2 F(this if you ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E F2 -(haswaitpid)2.5 E F1(\(2\) system call.)A 37.22(SFS_TYPE The)102 494.4 R .517 -(mechanism that can be used to get \214le system capacity information.)3.017 F -(The)5.516 E -.25(va)188.4 506.4 S .214(lues can be one of SFS_UST).25 F 2.435 --1.11(AT \()-.93 H .215(use the ustat\(2\) syscall\), SFS_4ARGS \(use)1.11 F -.415(the four ar)188.4 518.4 R .415 -(gument statfs\(2\) syscall\), SFS_VFS \(use the tw)-.18 F 2.915(oa)-.1 G -.18 -(rg)435.165 518.4 S .415(ument statfs\(2\)).18 F .716 -(syscall including <sys/vfs.h>\), SFS_MOUNT \(use the tw)188.4 530.4 R 3.217 -(oa)-.1 G -.18(rg)434.863 530.4 S .717(ument statfs\(2\)).18 F 4.32 -(syscall including <sys/mount.h>\), SFS_ST)188.4 542.4 R -1.11(AT)-.93 G 4.32 -(FS \(use the tw)1.11 F 6.82(oa)-.1 G -.18(rg)470.85 542.4 S(ument).18 E 1.108 -(statfs\(2\) syscall including <sys/statfs.h>\), SFS_ST)188.4 554.4 R -1.11(AT) --.93 G 1.109(VFS \(use the tw)1.11 F 3.609(oa)-.1 G -.18(rg)487.52 554.4 S(u-) -.18 E 1.511 -(ment statfs\(2\) syscall including <sys/statvfs.h>\), or SFS_NONE \(no w)188.4 -566.4 R 1.511(ay to)-.1 F(get this information\).)188.4 578.4 Q 40.57 -(LA_TYPE The)102 594.6 R(load a)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(rage type.).15 E -(Details are described belo)5 E -.65(w.)-.25 G .342(The are se)102 610.8 R -.15 -(ve)-.25 G .342(ral b).15 F .342(uilt-in w)-.2 F .342 -(ays of computing the load a)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G(rage.).15 E F2(Sendmail)5.342 -E F1 .343(tries to auto-con\214gure them)2.842 F .267 -(based on imperfect guesses; you can select one using the)102 622.8 R F2(cc) -2.766 E F1(option)2.766 E F0(\255DLA_TYPE=)2.766 E F2(type)A F1 2.766(,w)C -(here)467.364 622.8 Q F2(type)2.766 E F1(is:)102 634.8 Q 48.91(LA_INT The)102 -651 R -.1(ke)3.452 G .952(rnel stores the load a).1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .952 -(rage in the k).15 F .952(ernel as an array of long inte)-.1 F(gers.)-.15 E -(The actual v)188.4 663 Q(alues are scaled by a f)-.25 E(actor FSCALE \(def)-.1 -E(ault 256\).)-.1 E(LA_SHOR)102 679.2 Q 35.89(TT)-.6 G .794(he k)194.51 679.2 R -.794(ernel stores the load a)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .794(rage in the k).15 F .793 -(ernel as an array of short inte)-.1 F(gers.)-.15 E(The actual v)188.4 691.2 Q -(alues are scaled by a f)-.25 E(actor FSCALE \(def)-.1 E(ault 256\).)-.1 E -(LA_FLO)102 707.4 Q 37.03 -1.11(AT T)-.35 H .088(he k)1.11 F .088 -(ernel stores the load a)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .089(rage in the k).15 F .089 -(ernel as an array of double precision)-.1 F(\215oats.)188.4 719.4 Q EP -%%Page: 55 50 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-55)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(LA_MA)102 96 Q 35.97(CH Use)-.4 F -(MA)2.5 E(CH-style load a)-.4 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(rages.).15 E 39.45(LA_SUBR Call) -102 112.2 R(the)2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.1(ge)2.5 G(tloadavg).1 E F1 -(routine to get the load a)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(rage as an array of doubles.).15 -E(LA_ZER)102 128.4 Q 42.36(OA)-.4 G -.1(lwa)195.62 128.4 S -(ys return zero as the load a).1 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(rage. This).15 F(is the f) -2.5 E(allback case.)-.1 E .494(If type)102 144.6 R/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF -(LA_INT)2.994 E F1(,)A F3(LA_SHOR)2.994 E(T)-.54 E F1 2.994(,o)C(r)224.806 -144.6 Q F3(LA_FLO)2.993 E -.999(AT)-.315 G F1 .493 -(is speci\214ed, you may also need to specify)3.992 F F3(_P)2.993 E -.999(AT) --.828 G(H_UNIX).999 E F1 .948(\(the path to your system binary\) and)102 156.6 -R F3(LA_A)3.448 E(VENR)-1.215 E(UN)-.36 E F1 .949(\(the name of the v)3.448 F -.949(ariable containing the load)-.25 F -2.25 -.2(av e)102 168.6 T -(rage in the k).2 E(ernel; usually \231_a)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.2 G -(nrun\232 or \231a).15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(nrun\232\).).15 E F0 2.5 -(6.3. Con\214guration)87 192.6 R(in sr)2.5 E(c/conf)-.18 E(.c)-.15 E F1 -(The follo)127 208.8 Q(wing changes can be made in conf.c.)-.25 E F0 2.5 -(6.3.1. Built-in)102 232.8 R(Header Semantics)2.5 E F1 1.248 -(Not all header semantics are de\214ned in the con\214guration \214le.)142 249 -R 1.247(Header lines that should)6.247 F .305(only be included by certain mail\ -ers \(as well as other more obscure semantics\) must be speci\214ed)117 261 R -.047(in the)117 273 R F2(HdrInfo)2.547 E F1 .047(table in)2.547 F F2(conf)2.547 -E(.c)-.15 E F1 5.047(.T)C .046 -(his table contains the header name \(which should be in all lo)246.842 273 R -(wer)-.25 E(case\) and a set of header control \215ags \(described belo)117 285 -Q(w\), The \215ags are:)-.25 E(H_A)117 301.2 Q 30.97(CHECK Normally)-.4 F .007 -(when the check is made to see if a header line is compatible with)2.507 F -2.941(am)203.4 313.2 S(ailer)218.561 313.2 Q(,)-.4 E F2(sendmail)2.941 E F1 -.441(will not delete an e)2.941 F .441(xisting line.)-.15 F .44 -(If this \215ag is set,)5.441 F F2(send-)2.94 E(mail)203.4 325.2 Q F1 .152 -(will delete e)2.652 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.652(ne).15 G .152 -(xisting header lines.)293.998 325.2 R .152 -(That is, if this bit is set and the)5.152 F 1.425(mailer does not ha)203.4 -337.2 R 1.725 -.15(ve \215)-.2 H 1.425 -(ag bits set that intersect with the required mailer).15 F 2.204 -(\215ags in the header de\214nition in sendmail.cf, the header line is)203.4 -349.2 R F2(always)4.704 E F1(deleted.)203.4 361.2 Q 51.13(H_EOH If)117 377.4 R -.206(this header \214eld is set, treat it lik)2.706 F 2.706(eab)-.1 G .206 -(lank line, i.e., it will signal the end)363.95 377.4 R -(of the header and the be)203.4 389.4 Q(ginning of the message te)-.15 E(xt.) --.15 E 39.45(H_FORCE Add)117 405.6 R 2.038(this header entry e)4.538 F -.15(ve) --.25 G 4.538(ni).15 G 4.538(fo)326.22 405.6 S 2.038(ne e)339.088 405.6 R 2.039 -(xisted in the message before.)-.15 F 2.039(If a)7.039 F 2.189 -(header entry does not ha)203.4 417.6 R 2.488 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.188 -(his bit set,).15 F F2(sendmail)4.688 E F1 2.188(will not add another)4.688 F -.62(header line if a header line of this name already e)203.4 429.6 R 3.12 -(xisted. This)-.15 F -.1(wo)3.12 G .62(uld nor).1 F(-)-.2 E -(mally be used to stamp the message by e)203.4 441.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G -(ryone who handled it.).15 E(H_TRA)117 457.8 Q 39.3(CE If)-.4 F 1.044 -(set, this is a timestamp \(trace\) \214eld.)3.544 F 1.043 -(If the number of trace \214elds in a)6.043 F .705(message e)203.4 469.8 R .705 -(xceeds a preset amount the message is returned on the assump-)-.15 F -(tion that it has an aliasing loop.)203.4 481.8 Q 46.67(H_RCPT If)117 498 R -.332(set, this \214eld contains recipient addresses.)2.833 F .332 -(This is used by the)5.332 F F0<ad74>2.832 E F1 .332(\215ag to)2.832 F 1.349 -(determine who to send to when it is collecting recipients from the mes-)203.4 -510 R(sage.)203.4 522 Q(H_FR)117 538.2 Q 43.74(OM This)-.4 F 1.673 -(\215ag indicates that this \214eld speci\214es a sender)4.174 F 6.673(.T)-.55 -G 1.673(he order of these)432.061 538.2 R .898(\214elds in the)203.4 550.2 R F2 -(HdrInfo)3.398 E F1 .898(table speci\214es)3.398 F F2(sendmail)3.398 E F1 1.998 --.55('s p)D .898(reference for which \214eld).55 F -(to return error messages to.)203.4 562.2 Q(H_ERR)117 578.4 Q(ORST)-.4 E 22.53 -(OA)-.18 G(ddresses in this header should recei)210.62 578.4 Q .3 -.15(ve e) --.25 H(rror messages.).15 E 52.79(H_CTE This)117 594.6 R(header is a Content-T) -2.5 E(ransfer)-.35 E(-Encoding header)-.2 E(.)-.55 E 40.01(H_CTYPE This)117 -610.8 R(header is a Content-T)2.5 E(ype header)-.8 E(.)-.55 E(H_STRIPV)117 627 -Q 25.25(AL Strip)-1.35 F(the v)2.5 E(alue from the header \(for Bcc:\).)-.25 E -(Let')117 643.2 Q 2.5(sl)-.55 G(ook at a sample)142.28 643.2 Q F2(HdrInfo)2.5 E -F1(speci\214cation:)2.5 E EP -%%Page: 56 51 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-56 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(struct hdrinfo) -157 96 Q(HdrInfo[] =)295.76 96 Q({)157 108 Q -(/* originator \214elds, most to least signi\214cant)189.5 120 Q(*/)5 E 52.29 -("resent-sender", H_FR)177 132 R(OM,)-.4 E 58.95("resent-from", H_FR)177 144 R -(OM,)-.4 E 79.5("sender", H_FR)177 156 R(OM,)-.4 E 86.16("from", H_FR)177 168 R -(OM,)-.4 E 66.72("full-name", H_A)177 180 R(CHECK,)-.4 E 71.17 -("errors-to", H_FR)177 192 R -1.667(OM | H_ERR)-.4 F(ORST)-.4 E(O,)-.18 E -(/* destination \214elds */)189.5 204 Q 97.82("to", H_RCPT)177 216 R(,)-.74 E -70.61("resent-to", H_RCPT)177 228 R(,)-.74 E 96.72("cc", H_RCPT)177 240 R(,) --.74 E 91.72("bcc", H_RCPT)177 252 R .833(|H).833 G(_STRIPV)-.833 E(AL,)-1.35 E -(/* message identi\214cation and control */)189.5 264 Q 71.72 -("message", H_EOH,)177 276 R("te)177 288 Q 90.75(xt", H_EOH,)-.15 F -(/* trace \214elds */)189.5 300 Q("recei)177 312 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 72.13 -(d", H_TRA).15 F -1.667(CE | H_FORCE,)-.4 F(/* miscellaneous \214elds */)189.5 -324 Q("content-transfer)177 336 Q 2.5(-encoding", H_CTE,)-.2 F 55.61 -("content-type", H_CTYPE,)177 348 R 87.1(NULL, 0,)177 372 R(};)157 384 Q 2.435 -(This structure indicates that the \231T)117 400.2 R 2.435 -(o:\232, \231Resent-T)-.8 F 2.435 -(o:\232, and \231Cc:\232 \214elds all specify recipient)-.8 F 3.161 -(addresses. An)117 412.2 R 3.161<7999>-.15 G .662(Full-Name:\232 \214eld will \ -be deleted unless the required mailer \215ag \(indicated in)188.152 412.2 R -.246(the con\214guration \214le\) is speci\214ed.)117 424.2 R .245 -(The \231Message:\232 and \231T)5.246 F -.15(ex)-.7 G .245 -(t:\232 \214elds will terminate the header;).15 F 1.936 -(these are used by random dissenters around the netw)117 436.2 R 1.936(ork w) --.1 F 4.436(orld. The)-.1 F(\231Recei)4.436 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.937 -(d:\232 \214eld will).15 F(al)117 448.2 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G -(ys be added, and can be used to trace messages.).1 E .446 -(There are a number of important points here.)142 464.4 R .445 -(First, header \214elds are not added automati-)5.446 F .656 -(cally just because the)117 476.4 R 3.156(ya)-.15 G .656(re in the)216.674 -476.4 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(HdrInfo)3.157 E F1 .657(structure; the)3.157 F -3.157(ym)-.15 G .657(ust be speci\214ed in the con\214guration)358.225 476.4 R -.728(\214le in order to be added to the message.)117 488.4 R(An)5.727 E 3.227 -(yh)-.15 G .727(eader \214elds mentioned in the con\214guration \214le)312.988 -488.4 R -.2(bu)117 500.4 S 3.24(tn).2 G .74(ot mentioned in the)137.82 500.4 R -F2(HdrInfo)3.24 E F1 .74(structure ha)3.24 F 1.04 -.15(ve d)-.2 H(ef).15 E .74 -(ault processing performed; that is, the)-.1 F 3.24(ya)-.15 G(re)496.23 500.4 Q -1.375(added unless the)117 512.4 R 3.875(yw)-.15 G 1.375 -(ere in the message already)201.795 512.4 R 6.375(.S)-.65 G 1.374(econd, the) -326.6 512.4 R F2(HdrInfo)3.874 E F1 1.374(structure only speci\214es)3.874 F -.324 -(cliched processing; certain headers are processed specially by ad hoc code re) -117 524.4 R -.05(ga)-.15 G .325(rdless of the sta-).05 F .481 -(tus speci\214ed in)117 536.4 R F2(HdrInfo)2.981 E F1 5.481(.F)C .481(or e) -226.554 536.4 R .481 -(xample, the \231Sender:\232 and \231From:\232 \214elds are al)-.15 F -.1(wa) --.1 G .48(ys scanned on).1 F(ARP)117 550.4 Q .751 -(ANET mail to determine the sender)-.92 F/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(22)282.315 -546.4 Q F1 3.251(;t)289.315 550.4 S .75 -(his is used to perform the \231return to sender\232 func-)298.126 550.4 R -2.976(tion. The)117 562.4 R .476(\231From:\232 and \231Full-Name:\232 \214elds\ - are used to determine the full name of the sender if)2.976 F -(possible; this is stored in the macro)117 574.4 Q F0($x)2.5 E F1 -(and used in a number of w)2.5 E(ays.)-.1 E F0 2.5(6.3.2. Restricting)102 598.4 -R(Use of Email)2.5 E F1 .15 -(If it is necessary to restrict mail through a relay)142 614.6 R 2.649(,t)-.65 -G(he)339.755 614.6 Q F2 -.15(ch)2.649 G(ec).15 E(kcompat)-.2 E F1 .149 -(routine can be modi\214ed.)2.649 F .163(This routine is called for e)117 626.6 -R -.15(ve)-.25 G .163(ry recipient address.).15 F .163(It returns an e)5.163 F -.163(xit status indicating the status of)-.15 F .895(the message.)117 638.6 R -.895(The status)5.895 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(EX_OK)3.395 E F1 .895 -(accepts the address,)3.395 F F4(EX_TEMPF)3.395 E(AIL)-.666 E F1 .895 -(queues the message for a)3.395 F .263(later try)117 650.6 R 2.763(,a)-.65 G -.263(nd other v)157.696 650.6 R .264(alues \(commonly)-.25 F F4(EX_UN)2.764 E --1.215(AVA)-.315 G(ILABLE)1.215 E F1 2.764(\)r)C .264(eject the message.) -358.372 650.6 R .264(It is up to)5.264 F F2 -.15(ch)2.764 G(ec).15 E(k-)-.2 E -(compat)117 662.6 Q F1 2.477(to print an error message \(using)4.978 F F2(usr) -4.977 E(err)-.37 E F1 4.977(\)i)C 4.977(ft)331.418 662.6 S 2.477 -(he message is rejected.)342.505 662.6 R -.15(Fo)7.477 G 4.977(re).15 G -(xample,)472.06 662.6 Q .32 LW 76 672.2 72 672.2 DL 80 672.2 76 672.2 DL 84 -672.2 80 672.2 DL 88 672.2 84 672.2 DL 92 672.2 88 672.2 DL 96 672.2 92 672.2 -DL 100 672.2 96 672.2 DL 104 672.2 100 672.2 DL 108 672.2 104 672.2 DL 112 -672.2 108 672.2 DL 116 672.2 112 672.2 DL 120 672.2 116 672.2 DL 124 672.2 120 -672.2 DL 128 672.2 124 672.2 DL 132 672.2 128 672.2 DL 136 672.2 132 672.2 DL -140 672.2 136 672.2 DL 144 672.2 140 672.2 DL 148 672.2 144 672.2 DL 152 672.2 -148 672.2 DL 156 672.2 152 672.2 DL 160 672.2 156 672.2 DL 164 672.2 160 672.2 -DL 168 672.2 164 672.2 DL 172 672.2 168 672.2 DL 176 672.2 172 672.2 DL 180 -672.2 176 672.2 DL 184 672.2 180 672.2 DL 188 672.2 184 672.2 DL 192 672.2 188 -672.2 DL 196 672.2 192 672.2 DL 200 672.2 196 672.2 DL 204 672.2 200 672.2 DL -208 672.2 204 672.2 DL 212 672.2 208 672.2 DL 216 672.2 212 672.2 DL/F5 5 -/Times-Roman@0 SF(22)93.6 682.6 Q/F6 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(Actually)3.2 I 2.631 -(,t)-.52 G .631 -(his is no longer true in SMTP; this information is contained in the en)132.487 -685.8 R -.12(ve)-.32 G 2.632(lope. The).12 F .632(older ARP)2.632 F .632 -(ANET protocols did)-.736 F(not completely distinguish en)72 695.4 Q -.12(ve) --.32 G(lope from header).12 E(.)-.44 E EP -%%Page: 57 52 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-57)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.15(ch)117 96 S(ec).15 E -(kcompat)-.2 E/F2 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(could read:)2.5 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF -(int)157 111 Q(checkcompat\(to, e\))157 121.8 Q(re)175 132.6 Q -(gister ADDRESS *to;)-.135 E(re)175 143.4 Q(gister ENVELOPE *e;)-.135 E({)157 -154.2 Q(re)175 165 Q(gister ST)-.135 E(AB *s;)-.837 E 2.25(s=s)175 186.6 S -(tab\("pri)191.578 186.6 Q -.225(va)-.225 G(te", ST_MAILER, ST_FIND\);).225 E -(if \(s != NULL && e\255>e_from.q_mailer != LocalMailer &&)175 197.4 Q -(to->q_mailer == s->s_mailer\))184 208.2 Q({)175 219 Q(usrerr\("No pri)193 -229.8 Q -.225(va)-.225 G(te net mail allo).225 E(wed through this machine"\);) --.225 E(return \(EX_UN)193 240.6 Q -1.215(AVA)-.315 G(ILABLE\);)1.215 E(})175 -251.4 Q(if \(MsgSize > 50000 && bitnset\(M_LOCALMAILER, to\255>q_mailer\)\))175 -262.2 Q({)175 273 Q(usrerr\("Message too lar)193 283.8 Q(ge for non-local deli) --.162 E -.135(ve)-.225 G(ry"\);).135 E(e\255>e_\215ags |= EF_NORETURN;)193 -294.6 Q(return \(EX_UN)193 305.4 Q -1.215(AVA)-.315 G(ILABLE\);)1.215 E(})175 -316.2 Q(return \(EX_OK\);)175 327 Q(})157 337.8 Q F2 5.146(This w)117 354 R -5.147(ould reject messages greater than 50000 bytes unless the)-.1 F 7.647(yw) --.15 G 5.147(ere local.)436.506 354 R(The)488.45 354 Q F1(EF_NORETURN)117 366 Q -F2 .942(\215ag can be set in)3.442 F F1(e)3.441 E/F4 10/Symbol SF<ae>A F1 -(e_\215a)A(gs)-.1 E F2 .941(to suppress the return of the actual body of the) -3.441 F .128(message in the error return.)117 378 R .129 -(The actual use of this routine is highly dependent on the implemen-)5.129 F -(tation, and use should be limited.)117 390 Q F0 2.5(6.3.3. Load)102 414 R -.6 --1(Av e)2.5 H(rage Computation)1 E F2 .18(The routine)142 430.2 R F1 -.1(ge) -2.68 G(tla).1 E F2 .18 -(should return an approximation of the current system load a)2.68 F -.15(ve)-.2 -G .18(rage as an).15 F(inte)117 442.2 Q(ger)-.15 E 5(.T)-.55 G(here are se) -157.68 442.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ral v).15 E -(ersions included on compilation \215ags as described abo)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.15 G -(.).15 E F0 2.5(6.3.4. New)102 466.2 R(Database Map Classes)2.5 E F2(Ne)142 -482.4 Q 2.875(wk)-.25 G .675 -.15(ey m)168.405 482.4 T .375(aps can be added b\ -y creating a class initialization function and a lookup func-).15 F 2.5 -(tion. These)117 494.4 R(are then added to the routine)2.5 E F1(setupmaps.)2.5 -E F2(The initialization function is called as)142 510.6 Q F1(xxx)157 526.8 Q F2 -(_map_init\(MAP *map, char *mapname, char *ar)A(gs\))-.18 E(The)117 543 Q F1 -(map)2.555 E F2 .055(is an internal data structure.)2.555 F(The)5.055 E F1 -(mapname)2.555 E F2 .054(is the name of the map \(used for error mes-)2.554 F -2.819(sages\). The)117 555 R F1(ar)2.819 E(gs)-.37 E F2 .32(is a pointer to th\ -e rest of the con\214guration \214le line; \215ags and \214lenames can be)2.819 -F -.15(ex)117 567 S .675(tracted from this line.).15 F .675 -(The initialization function must return)5.675 F F3(TR)3.175 E(UE)-.36 E F2 -.674(if it successfully opened)3.174 F(the map,)117 579 Q F3 -.666(FA)2.5 G -(LSE).666 E F2(otherwise.)2.5 E(The lookup function is called as)142 595.2 Q F1 -(xxx)157 611.4 Q F2(_map_lookup\(MAP *map, char b)A(uf[], int b)-.2 E -(ufsize, char **a)-.2 E 1.3 -.65(v, i)-.2 H(nt *statp\)).65 E(The)117 627.6 Q -F1(map)3.475 E F2 .975(de\214nes the map internally)3.475 F 5.975(.T)-.65 G -.975(he parameters)277.18 627.6 R F1 -.2(bu)3.475 G(f).2 E F2(and)3.475 E F1 --.2(bu)3.475 G(fsize).2 E F2(ha)3.476 E 1.276 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .976(he input k) -.15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 5.976(.T)-.5 G(his)492.33 627.6 Q .043 -(may be \(and often is\) used destructi)117 639.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E -5.043(.T)-.65 G(he)289.831 639.6 Q F1(av)2.543 E F2 .043(is a list of ar)2.543 -F .042(guments passed in from the re)-.18 F(write)-.25 E 3.654(line. The)117 -651.6 R 1.154(lookup function should return a pointer to the ne)3.654 F 3.655 -(wv)-.25 G 3.655(alue. IF)378.335 651.6 R 1.155(the map lookup f)3.655 F(ails,) --.1 E F1(*statp)117 663.6 Q F2 1.272(should be set to an e)3.772 F 1.272 -(xit status code; in particular)-.15 F 3.772(,i)-.4 G 3.771(ts)357.652 663.6 S -1.271(hould be set to)368.093 663.6 R F3(EX_TEMPF)3.771 E(AIL)-.666 E F2(if) -3.771 E(reco)117 675.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(ry is to be attempted by the higher le) -.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(lc).15 G(ode.)308.76 675.6 Q EP -%%Page: 58 53 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-58 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(6.3.5. Queueing)102 96 R(Function) -2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .782(The routine)142 112.2 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 -SF(shouldqueue)3.282 E F1 .783 -(is called to decide if a message should be queued or processed)3.283 F -(immediately)117 124.2 Q 6.619(.T)-.65 G 1.618 -(ypically this compares the message priority to the current load a)180.779 -124.2 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 4.118(rage. The).15 F(def)117 136.2 Q -(ault de\214nition is:)-.1 E(bool)157 152.4 Q(shouldqueue\(pri, ctime\))157 -164.4 Q(long pri;)175 176.4 Q(time_t ctime;)175 188.4 Q({)157 200.4 Q -(if \(CurrentLA < QueueLA\))175 212.4 Q(return \(F)193 224.4 Q(ALSE\);)-.74 E -(return \(pri > \(QueueF)175 236.4 Q -(actor / \(CurrentLA \255 QueueLA + 1\)\)\);)-.15 E(})157 248.4 Q 2.062 -(If the current load a)117 264.6 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.062(rage \(global v).15 F -(ariable)-.25 E F2(Curr)4.562 E(entLA)-.37 E F1 4.562(,w)C 2.062 -(hich is set before this function is)361.636 264.6 R 1.058 -(called\) is less than the lo)117 276.6 R 3.558(wt)-.25 G 1.058 -(hreshold load a)234.198 276.6 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.058(rage \(option).15 F F0(x) -3.557 E F1 3.557(,v)C(ariable)375.526 276.6 Q F2(QueueLA)3.557 E F1(\),)A F2 -(shouldqueue)3.557 E F1(returns)117 288.6 Q/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF -.666(FA) -2.586 G(LSE).666 E F1 .086(immediately \(that is, it should)2.586 F F2(not) -2.586 E F1 2.586(queue\). If)2.586 F .086(the current load a)2.586 F -.15(ve) --.2 G .087(rage e).15 F .087(xceeds the)-.15 F .588(high threshold load a)117 -300.6 R -.15(ve)-.2 G .588(rage \(option).15 F F0(X)3.087 E F1 3.087(,v)C -(ariable)281.846 300.6 Q F2(RefuseLA)3.087 E F1(\),)A F2(shouldqueue)3.087 E F1 -(returns)3.087 E F3(TR)3.087 E(UE)-.36 E F1(immedi-)3.087 E(ately)117 312.6 Q -7.125(.O)-.65 G 2.125 -(therwise, it computes the function based on the message priority)152.635 312.6 -R 4.626(,t)-.65 G 2.126(he queue f)438.208 312.6 R(actor)-.1 E(\(option)117 -324.6 Q F0(q)2.5 E F1 2.5(,g)C(lobal v)163.95 324.6 Q(ariable)-.25 E F2(QueueF) -2.5 E(actor)-.75 E F1(\), and the current and threshold load a)A -.15(ve)-.2 G -(rages.).15 E 1.067(An implementation wishing to tak)142 340.8 R 3.567(et)-.1 G -1.066(he actual age of the message into account can also)293.625 340.8 R 1.41 -(use the)117 352.8 R F2(ctime)3.91 E F1(parameter)3.91 E 3.91(,w)-.4 G 1.41 -(hich is the time that the message w)229.15 352.8 R 1.41 -(as \214rst submitted to)-.1 F F2(sendmail)3.91 E F1(.)A .929(Note that the)117 -364.8 R F2(pri)3.428 E F1 .928 -(parameter is already weighted by the number of times the message has been) -3.428 F .395(tried \(although this tends to lo)117 376.8 R .395 -(wer the priority of the message with time\); the e)-.25 F .395 -(xpectation is that)-.15 F(the)117 388.8 Q F2(ctime)2.674 E F1 -.1(wo)2.674 G -.174(uld be used as an \231escape clause\232 to ensure that messages are e).1 F --.15(ve)-.25 G .174(ntually processed.).15 F F0 2.5(6.3.6. Refusing)102 412.8 R -(Incoming SMTP Connections)2.5 E F1 1.148(The function)142 429 R F2 -.37(re) -3.648 G(fuseconnections).37 E F1(returns)3.648 E F3(TR)3.648 E(UE)-.36 E F1 -1.148(if incoming SMTP connections should be)3.648 F 3.564(refused. The)117 441 -R 1.063(current implementation is based e)3.563 F(xclusi)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -1.063(ly on the current load a).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.063(rage and the).15 F -(refuse load a)117 453 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G(rage option \(option).15 E F0(X)2.5 E F1 -2.5(,g)C(lobal v)273.56 453 Q(ariable)-.25 E F2(RefuseLA)2.5 E F1(\):)A(bool) -157 469.2 Q(refuseconnections\(\))157 481.2 Q({)157 493.2 Q -(return \(CurrentLA >= RefuseLA\);)175 505.2 Q(})157 517.2 Q 2.5(Am)117 533.4 S -(ore cle)134.5 533.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G -(mplementation could look at more system resources.)179.08 533.4 Q F0 2.5 -(6.3.7. Load)102 557.4 R -.6 -1(Av e)2.5 H(rage Computation)1 E F1 .243 -(The routine)142 573.6 R F2 -.1(ge)2.743 G(tla).1 E F1 .243 -(returns the current load a)2.743 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .243 -(rage \(as a rounded inte).15 F 2.743(ger\). The)-.15 F(distrib)2.744 E(ution) --.2 E 1.157(includes se)117 585.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.157 -(ral possible implementations.).15 F 1.157(If you are porting to a ne)6.157 F -3.657(we)-.25 G -.4(nv)418.757 585.6 S 1.157(ironment you may).4 F -(need to add some ne)117 599.6 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G(weaks.)210.9 599.6 Q/F4 7 -/Times-Roman@0 SF(23)238.39 595.6 Q F0 2.5(6.4. Con\214guration)87 623.6 R -(in sr)2.5 E(c/daemon.c)-.18 E F1 .4(The \214le)127 639.8 R F2(sr)2.9 E -(c/daemon.c)-.37 E F1 .4 -(contains a number of routines that are dependent on the local netw)2.9 F(ork-) --.1 E(ing en)102 651.8 Q 2.5(vironment. The)-.4 F -.15(ve)2.5 G -(rsion supplied assumes you ha).15 E .3 -.15(ve B)-.2 H(SD style sock).15 E -(ets.)-.1 E 2.16(In pre)127 668 R 2.16 -(vious releases, we recommended that you modify the routine)-.25 F F2 -(maphostname)4.66 E F1 2.16(if you)4.66 F -.1(wa)102 680 S 1.918 -(nted to generalize).1 F F0($[)4.418 E F1(...)4.418 E F0($])4.418 E F1 4.418 -(lookups. W)4.418 F 4.418(en)-.8 G 2.418 -.25(ow r)293.904 680 T 1.918 -(ecommend that you create a ne).25 F 4.419(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey)463.631 680 S -1.919(ed map).15 F .32 LW 76 689.6 72 689.6 DL 80 689.6 76 689.6 DL 84 689.6 80 -689.6 DL 88 689.6 84 689.6 DL 92 689.6 88 689.6 DL 96 689.6 92 689.6 DL 100 -689.6 96 689.6 DL 104 689.6 100 689.6 DL 108 689.6 104 689.6 DL 112 689.6 108 -689.6 DL 116 689.6 112 689.6 DL 120 689.6 116 689.6 DL 124 689.6 120 689.6 DL -128 689.6 124 689.6 DL 132 689.6 128 689.6 DL 136 689.6 132 689.6 DL 140 689.6 -136 689.6 DL 144 689.6 140 689.6 DL 148 689.6 144 689.6 DL 152 689.6 148 689.6 -DL 156 689.6 152 689.6 DL 160 689.6 156 689.6 DL 164 689.6 160 689.6 DL 168 -689.6 164 689.6 DL 172 689.6 168 689.6 DL 176 689.6 172 689.6 DL 180 689.6 176 -689.6 DL 184 689.6 180 689.6 DL 188 689.6 184 689.6 DL 192 689.6 188 689.6 DL -196 689.6 192 689.6 DL 200 689.6 196 689.6 DL 204 689.6 200 689.6 DL 208 689.6 -204 689.6 DL 212 689.6 208 689.6 DL 216 689.6 212 689.6 DL/F5 5/Times-Roman@0 -SF(23)93.6 700 Q/F6 8/Times-Roman@0 SF -(If you do, please send updates to sendmail@CS.Berk)3.2 I(ele)-.08 E -.52(y.) --.12 G(EDU.).52 E EP -%%Page: 59 54 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-59)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(instead.)102 96 Q F0 2.5 -(7. CHANGES)72 120 R(IN VERSION 8)2.5 E F1 .196(The follo)112 136.2 R .196 -(wing summarizes changes since the last commonly a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G .196 -(ilable v).25 F .196(ersion of)-.15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.695 E -F1(\(5.67\).)2.695 E -.15(Fo)87 148.2 S 2.702(rad).15 G .202 -(etailed list, consult the \214le RELEASE_NO)115.584 148.2 R .203 -(TES in the root directory of the)-.4 F F2(sendmail)2.703 E F1(distrib)2.703 E -(ution.)-.2 E F0 2.5(7.1. Connection)87 172.2 R(Caching)2.5 E F1 .398 -(Instead of closing SMTP connections immediately)127 188.4 R 2.897(,t)-.65 G -.397(hose connections are cached for possible)339.005 188.4 R .597(future use.) -102 200.4 R .597(The adv)5.597 F .597(ent of MX records made this ef)-.15 F -(fecti)-.25 E .897 -.15(ve f)-.25 H .598 -(or mailing lists; in addition, substantial).15 F(performance impro)102 212.4 Q --.15(ve)-.15 G(ments can be e).15 E(xpected for queue processing.)-.15 E F0 2.5 -(7.2. MX)87 236.4 R(Piggybacking)2.5 E F1 1.258(If tw)127 252.6 R 3.757(oh)-.1 -G 1.257(osts with dif)161.075 252.6 R 1.257 -(ferent names in a single message happen to ha)-.25 F 1.557 -.15(ve t)-.2 H -1.257(he same set of MX).15 F .94(hosts, the)102 264.6 R 3.44(yc)-.15 G .94 -(an be sent in the same transaction.)153.45 264.6 R -1.11(Ve)5.94 G .94 -(rsion 8 notices this and tries to batch the mes-)1.11 F(sages.)102 276.6 Q F0 -2.5(7.3. RFC)87 300.6 R(1123 Compliance)2.5 E F1 3.463(An)127 316.8 S .963 -(umber of changes ha)142.683 316.8 R 1.262 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .962 -(een made to mak).15 F(e)-.1 E F2(sendmail)3.462 E F1 .962 -(\231conditionally compliant\232 \(that is,)3.462 F F2(sendmail)102 328.8 Q F1 -.049(satis\214es all of the \231MUST\232 clauses and most b)2.549 F .05 -(ut not all of the \231SHOULD\232 clauses in RFC)-.2 F(1123\).)102 340.8 Q -(The major areas of change are \(numbers are RFC 1123 section numbers\):)127 -357 Q 15(5.2.7 Response)102 373.2 R(to RCPT command is f)2.5 E(ast.)-.1 E 15 -(5.2.8 Numeric)102 389.4 R(IP addresses are logged in Recei)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 -G(d: lines.).15 E 10(5.2.17 Self)102 405.6 R -(domain literal is properly handled.)2.5 E 15(5.3.2 Better)102 421.8 R -(control o)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(ri).15 G(ndi)220.02 421.8 Q -(vidual timeouts.)-.25 E 15(5.3.3 Error)102 438 R -(messages are sent as \231From:<>\232.)2.5 E 15(5.3.3 Error)102 454.2 R -(messages are ne)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rs).15 G(ent to \231<>\232.)246.28 -454.2 Q 15(5.3.3 Route-addrs)102 470.4 R(are pruned.)2.5 E(The areas in which) -102 486.6 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(is not \231unconditionally compliant\232 are:) -2.5 E(5.2.6)102 502.8 Q F2(Sendmail)139.5 502.8 Q F1(does do header munging.) -2.5 E(5.2.10)102 519 Q F2(Sendmail)139.5 519 Q F1(doesn')2.5 E 2.5(ta)-.18 G --.1(lwa)215.42 519 S(ys use the e).1 E(xact SMTP message te)-.15 E -(xt as listed in RFC 821.)-.15 E(5.3.1.1)102 535.2 Q F2(Sendmail)139.5 535.2 Q -F1(doesn')2.5 E 2.5(tg)-.18 G -(uarantee only one connect for each host in queue runs.)215.98 535.2 Q(5.3.1.1) -102 551.4 Q F2(Sendmail)139.5 551.4 Q F1(doesn')2.5 E 2.5(ta)-.18 G -.1(lwa) -215.42 551.4 S(ys pro).1 E(vide adequate concurrenc)-.15 E 2.5(yl)-.15 G -(imits.)366.54 551.4 Q F0 2.5(7.4. Extended)87 575.4 R(SMTP Support)2.5 E F1 --1.11(Ve)127 591.6 S .155(rsion 8 includes both sending and recei)1.11 F .154 -(ving support for Extended SMTP support as de\214ned)-.25 F(by RFC 1651 \(basi\ -c\) and RFC 1653 \(SIZE\); and limited support for RFC 1652 \(BOD)102 603.6 Q -(Y\).)-.55 E F0 2.5(7.5. Eight-Bit)87 627.6 R(Clean)2.5 E F1(Pre)127 643.8 Q -1.263(vious v)-.25 F 1.263(ersions of)-.15 F F2(sendmail)3.763 E F1 1.264 -(used the 0200 bit for quoting.)3.763 F 1.264(This v)6.264 F 1.264(ersion a) --.15 F -.2(vo)-.2 G 1.264(ids that use.).2 F(Ho)102 655.8 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve) --.25 G .8 -.4(r, f).15 H -(or compatibility with RFC 822, you can set option `7' to get se).4 E -.15(ve) --.25 G 2.5(nb).15 G(it stripping.)418.86 655.8 Q(Indi)127 672 Q -(vidual mailers can still produce se)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(nb).15 G -(it output using the `7' mailer \215ag.)300.77 672 Q F0 2.5(7.6. User)87 696 R -(Database)2.5 E F1 1.073(The user database is an as-yet e)127 712.2 R 1.072 -(xperimental attempt to pro)-.15 F 1.072(vide uni\214ed lar)-.15 F 1.072 -(ge-site name sup-)-.18 F 2.5(port. W)102 724.2 R 2.5(ea)-.8 G -(re installing it at Berk)145.63 724.2 Q(ele)-.1 E(y; future v)-.15 E -(ersions may sho)-.15 E 2.5(ws)-.25 G(igni\214cant modi\214cations.)363.57 -724.2 Q EP -%%Page: 60 55 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-60 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(7.7. Impr)87 96 R -.1(ove)-.18 G -2.5(dB).1 G(IND Support)158.01 96 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .489 -(The BIND support, particularly for MX records, had a number of anno)127 112.2 -R .49(ying \231features\232 which)-.1 F(ha)102 124.2 Q 1.212 -.15(ve b)-.2 H -.912(een remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.412(di).15 G 3.412(nt)187.116 124.2 S .912 -(his release.)198.308 124.2 R .912(In particular)5.912 F 3.412(,t)-.4 G .912 -(hese more tightly bind \(pun intended\) the name)307.916 124.2 R(serv)102 -136.2 Q(er to)-.15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.5 E F1 2.5(,s)C 2.5(ot) -184.06 136.2 S(hat the name serv)194.34 136.2 Q -(er resolution rules are incorporated directly into)-.15 E F0(sendmail)2.5 E F1 -(.)A F0 2.5(7.8. K)87 160.2 R(ey)-.25 E(ed Files)-.1 E F1 .365(Generalized k) -127 176.4 R -.15(ey)-.1 G .365(ed \214les is an idea tak).15 F .365 -(en directly from)-.1 F/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(ID)2.866 E(A)-.36 E F2(sendmail) -2.866 E F1 .366(\(albeit with a completely)2.866 F(dif)102 188.4 Q -(ferent implementation\).)-.25 E(The)5 E 2.5(yc)-.15 G(an be useful on lar) -239.63 188.4 Q(ge sites.)-.18 E -1.11(Ve)127 204.6 S -(rsion 8 also understands YP)1.11 E(.)-1.11 E F0 2.5(7.9. Multi-W)87 228.6 R -(ord Classes)-.75 E F1(Classes can no)127 244.8 Q 2.5(wb)-.25 G 2.5(em)200.35 -244.8 S(ultiple w)215.07 244.8 Q 2.5(ords. F)-.1 F(or e)-.15 E(xample,)-.15 E -(CShofmann.CS.Berk)142 261 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(allo)102 277.2 -Q 2.664(ws you to match the entire string \231hofmann.CS.Berk)-.25 F(ele)-.1 E --.65(y.)-.15 G 2.663(EDU\232 using the single construct).65 F(\231$=S\232.)102 -289.2 Q F0 2.5(7.10. Deferr)87 313.2 R(ed Macr)-.18 E 2.5(oE)-.18 G(xpansion) -189.94 313.2 Q F1(The)127 329.4 Q F0($&)2.5 E F2(x)A F1 -(construct has been adopted from)2.5 E F3(ID)2.5 E(A)-.36 E F1(.)A F0 2.5 -(7.11. IDENT)87 353.4 R(Pr)2.5 E(otocol Support)-.18 E F1 -(The IDENT protocol as de\214ned in RFC 1413 is supported.)127 369.6 Q F0 2.5 -(7.12. P)87 393.6 R(arsing Bug Fixes)-.1 E F1 4.03(An)127 409.8 S 1.53 -(umber of small b)143.25 409.8 R 1.53(ugs ha)-.2 F 1.53 -(ving to do with things lik)-.2 F 4.03(eb)-.1 G 1.53 -(ackslash-escaped quotes inside of)364.72 409.8 R(comments ha)102 421.8 Q .3 --.15(ve b)-.2 H(een \214x).15 E(ed.)-.15 E F0 2.5(7.13. Separate)87 445.8 R(En) -2.5 E -.1(ve)-.4 G(lope/Header Pr).1 E(ocessing)-.18 E F1 .854 -(Since the From: line is passed in separately from the en)127 462 R -.15(ve)-.4 -G .854(lope sender).15 F 3.354(,t)-.4 G .854(hese ha)420.978 462 R 1.154 -.15 -(ve b)-.2 H .854(oth been).15 F .427(made visible; the)102 474 R F0($g)2.927 E -F1 .427(macro is set to the en)2.927 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .428 -(lope sender during processing of mailer ar).15 F .428(gument v)-.18 F(ec-)-.15 -E(tors and the header sender during processing of headers.)102 486 Q .085 -(It is also possible to specify separate per)127 502.2 R .085(-mailer en)-.2 F --.15(ve)-.4 G .084(lope and header processing.).15 F(The)5.084 E F0(S)2.584 E -F1(ender)A(-)-.2 E -.55(RW)102 514.2 S .512(Set and).55 F F0(R)3.012 E F1 -(ecipientR)A .512(Wset ar)-.55 F .512 -(guments for mailers can be speci\214ed as)-.18 F F2(en)3.013 E(velope/header) --.4 E F1 .513(to gi)3.013 F .813 -.15(ve d)-.25 H(if-).15 E(ferent re)102 526.2 -Q(writings for en)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.4 G(lope v).15 E(ersus header addresses.) --.15 E F0 2.5(7.14. Owner)87 550.2 R(-List Pr)-.37 E(opagates to En)-.18 E -.1 -(ve)-.4 G(lope).1 E F1 1.001(When an alias has an associated o)127 566.4 R 1 -(wner\255list name, that alias is used to change the en)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G -(lope).15 E(sender address.)102 578.4 Q(This will cause do)5 E -(wnstream errors to be returned to that o)-.25 E(wner)-.25 E(.)-.55 E F0 2.5 -(7.15. Dynamic)87 602.4 R(Header Allocation)2.5 E F1(The \214x)127 618.6 Q -(ed size limit on header lines has been eliminated.)-.15 E F0 2.5(7.16. New)87 -642.6 R(Command Line Flags)2.5 E F1(The)127 658.8 Q F0<ad42>2.5 E F1 -(\215ag has been added to pass in body type information.)2.5 E(The)127 675 Q F0 -<ad70>2.5 E F1(\215ag has been added to pass in protocol information.)2.5 E -(The)127 691.2 Q F0<ad58>2.6 E F1 .1(\215ag has been added to allo)2.6 F 2.6 -(wl)-.25 G .1(ogging of all protocol in and out of)279.89 691.2 R F2(sendmail) -2.6 E F1 .1(for deb)2.6 F(ug-)-.2 E(ging.)102 703.2 Q EP -%%Page: 61 56 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-61)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(The)127 96 Q F0<ad4f>2.5 E F1 -(\215ag simplies setting long-form options.)2.5 E F0 2.5(7.17. Enhanced)87 120 -R(Command Line Flags)2.5 E F1(The)127 136.2 Q F0<ad71>4.007 E F1 1.507(\215ag \ -can limit limit a queue run to speci\214c recipients, senders, or queue ids us\ -ing)4.007 F F0(\255qR)102 148.2 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(substring)A F0 2.5 -<2cad>C(qS)168.41 148.2 Q F2(substring)A F0 2.5(,o)C 2.5<72ad>226.76 148.2 S -(qI)239.4 148.2 Q F2(substring)A F0 -.18(re)2.5 G(specti).18 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(ly) -.1 E(.)-.7 E 2.5(7.18. New)87 172.2 R(and Old Con\214guration Line T)2.5 E -(ypes)-.74 E F1(The)127 188.4 Q F0(K)2.5 E F1 -(line has been added to declare database maps.)2.5 E(The)127 204.6 Q F0(V)2.5 E -F1(line has been added to declare the con\214guration v)2.5 E(ersion le)-.15 E --.15(ve)-.25 G(l.).15 E(The)127 220.8 Q F0(M)2.796 E F1 .297(line has a \231D=\ -\232 \214eld that lets you change into a temporary directory while that mailer) -2.796 F .581(is running.)102 232.8 R .581 -(It also has a \231U=\232 \214eld to allo)5.581 F 3.081(wy)-.25 G .58 -(ou to set the user and group id to be used when run-)289.85 232.8 R -(ning the mailer)102 244.8 Q(.)-.55 E F0 2.5(7.19. New)87 268.8 R(Options)2.5 E -F1(Se)127 285 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .9(ral ne).15 F 3.4(wo)-.25 G .9(ptions ha)184.8 -285 R 1.2 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .9(een added, man).15 F 3.4(yt)-.15 G 3.4(os)314.89 -285 S .9(upport ne)327.18 285 R 3.4(wf)-.25 G .9(eatures, others to allo)379.83 -285 R 3.4(wt)-.25 G(uning)481.22 285 Q 1.187(that w)102 297 R 1.187(as pre)-.1 -F 1.187(viously a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G 1.187(ilable only by recompiling.).25 F -(The)6.186 E 3.686(ya)-.15 G 1.186(re described in detail in Section 5.1.5.) -345.514 297 R(Brie\215y)102 309 Q(,)-.65 E 31(bI)102 325.2 S -(nsist on a minimum number of disk blocks.)141.33 325.2 Q 29.33(CS)102 341.4 S -(et checkpoint interv)143.56 341.4 Q(al.)-.25 E 29.89(ED)102 357.6 S(ef)145.22 -357.6 Q(ault error message.)-.1 E 28.78(GE)102 373.8 S(nable GECOS matching.) -144.11 373.8 Q 31(hM)102 390 S(aximum hop count.)146.89 390 Q 33.22(jS)102 -406.2 S(end errors in MIME-encapsulated format.)143.56 406.2 Q 32.11(JF)102 -422.4 S(orw)143.41 422.4 Q(ard \214le path.)-.1 E 31(kC)102 438.6 S -(onnection cache size)144.67 438.6 Q 28.78(KC)102 454.8 S -(onnection cache lifetime.)144.67 454.8 Q 33.22(lE)102 471 S .333 -(nable Errors-T)144.11 471 R .333(o: header)-.8 F 5.334(.T)-.55 G .334 -(hese headers violate RFC 1123; this option is included to pro-)252.89 471 R -(vide back compatibility with old v)138 483 Q(ersions of)-.15 E F2(sendmail)2.5 -E F1(.)A 28.78(OS)102 499.2 S -(et incoming SMTP daemon options, such as an alternate SMTP port.)143.56 499.2 -Q 31(pP)102 515.4 S(ri)143.56 515.4 Q -.25(va)-.25 G .3 -.15(cy o).25 H -(ptions.).15 E 29.33(RD)102 531.6 S(on')145.22 531.6 Q 2.5(tp)-.18 G -(rune route-addrs.)168.65 531.6 Q 28.78(UU)102 547.8 S(ser database spec.) -145.22 547.8 Q 28.78(VF)102 564 S(allback \231MX\232 host.)143.41 564 Q 28.78 -<7799>102 580.2 S(Best MX\232 handling technique.)142.44 580.2 Q 31(7D)102 -596.4 S 2.5(on)145.22 596.4 S(ot run eight bit clean.)157.72 596.4 Q 31(8E)102 -612.6 S(ight bit data handling mode.)144.11 612.6 Q F0 2.5(7.20. Extended)87 -636.6 R(Options)2.5 E F1(The)127 652.8 Q F0(r)3.764 E F1 1.264 -(\(read timeout\),)3.764 F F0(I)3.764 E F1 1.264(\(use BIND\), and)3.764 F F0 -(T)3.764 E F1 1.264(\(queue timeout\) options ha)3.764 F 1.564 -.15(ve b)-.2 H -1.264(een e).15 F 1.264(xtended to)-.15 F(pass in more information.)102 664.8 Q -F0 2.5(7.21. New)87 688.8 R(Mailer Flags)2.5 E F1(Se)127 705 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G -(ral ne).15 E 2.5(wm)-.25 G(ailer \215ags ha)185.78 705 Q .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H -(een added.).15 E EP -%%Page: 62 57 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-62 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 31.56(aT)102 96 -S .636(ry to use ESMTP when creating a connection.)143.76 96 R .636 -(If this is not set,)5.636 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.136 E F1 .636 -(will still try if)3.136 F .221(the other end hints that it kno)138 108 R .22 -(ws about ESMTP in its greeting message; this \215ag says to try)-.25 F -2.15 --.25(ev e)138 120 T 2.595(ni).25 G 2.595(fi)161.855 120 S 2.595(td)170.56 120 S -(oesn')180.935 120 Q 2.595(th)-.18 G 2.595(int. If)212.79 120 R .095 -(the EHLO \(e)2.595 F .095(xtended hello\) command f)-.15 F(ails,)-.1 E F2 -(sendmail)2.596 E F1 -.1(fa)2.596 G .096(lls back to).1 F(old SMTP)138 132 Q(.) --1.11 E 28.78(AT)102 148.2 S -(ry the user part of addresses for this mailer as aliases.)143.76 148.2 Q 31 -(bE)102 164.4 S(nsure that there is a blank line at the end of all messages.) -144.11 164.4 Q 31.56(cS)102 180.6 S .68(trip all comments from addresses; this\ - should only be used as a last resort when dealing)143.56 180.6 R(with crank) -138 192.6 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G(ailers.)195.62 192.6 Q 31(gN)102 208.8 S -2.15 -.25 -(ev e)145.22 208.8 T 2.64(ru).25 G .14(se the null sender as the en)169.67 -208.8 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .141(lope sender).15 F 2.641(,e)-.4 G -.15(ve)341.495 -208.8 S 2.641(nw).15 G .141(hen running SMTP)365.646 208.8 R 5.141(.A)-1.11 G -.141(lthough this)456.349 208.8 R 1.521(violates RFC 1123, it may be necessary\ - when you must deal with some obnoxious old)138 220.8 R(hosts.)138 232.8 Q 31 -(kT)102 249 S(urn of)143.66 249 Q 2.5(ft)-.25 G -(he loopback check in the HELO protocol; doing this may cause mailer loops.) -176.18 249 Q 31(oA)102 265.2 S -.1(lwa)145.22 265.2 S -(ys run the mailer as the recipient of the message.).1 E 28.78(wT)102 281.4 S -(his user should ha)144.11 281.4 Q .3 -.15(ve a p)-.2 H(asswd \214le entry).15 -E(.)-.65 E 31(5T)102 297.6 S(ry ruleset 5 if no local aliases.)143.76 297.6 Q -31(7S)102 313.8 S(trip all output to 7 bits.)143.56 313.8 Q 33.22(:C)102 330 S -(heck for :include: \214les.)144.67 330 Q 34(|C)102 346.2 S -(heck for |program addresses.)144.67 346.2 Q 33.22(/C)102 362.4 S -(heck for /\214le addresses.)144.67 362.4 Q 26.79(@C)102 378.6 S -(heck this user ag)144.67 378.6 Q(ainst the user database.)-.05 E F0 2.5 -(7.22. Long)87 402.6 R(Option Names)2.5 E F1 .856 -(All options can be speci\214ed using long names, and some ne)127 418.8 R 3.356 -(wo)-.25 G .856(ptions can only be speci\214ed)389.476 418.8 R -(with long names.)102 430.8 Q F0 2.5(7.23. New)87 454.8 R(Pr)2.5 E -(e-De\214ned Macr)-.18 E(os)-.18 E F1(The follo)127 471 Q -(wing macros are pre-de\214ned:)-.25 E 23.5($k The)102 487.2 R -(UUCP node name, nominally from)2.5 E F2(uname)2.5 E F1(\(2\) call.)A 20.72 -($m The)102 503.4 R(domain part of our full hostname.)2.5 E 23.5($_ The)102 -519.6 R(RFC 1413-pro)2.5 E(vided sender address.)-.15 E F0 2.5(7.24. New)87 -543.6 R(LHS T)2.5 E(ok)-.92 E(en)-.1 E F1 -1.11(Ve)127 559.8 S 1.376 -(rsion 8 allo)1.11 F(ws)-.25 E F0($@)3.876 E F1 1.376 -(on the Left Hand Side of an \231R\232 line to match zero tok)3.876 F 3.875 -(ens. This)-.1 F(is)3.875 E(intended to be used to match the null input.)102 -571.8 Q F0 2.5(7.25. Bigger)87 595.8 R(Defaults)2.5 E F1 -1.11(Ve)127 612 S -1.283(rsion 8 allo)1.11 F 1.284(ws up to 100 rulesets instead of 30.)-.25 F -1.284(It is recommended that rulesets 0\2559 be)6.284 F(reserv)102 624 Q -(ed for)-.15 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1 1.1 -.55('s d)D -(edicated use in future releases.).55 E -(The total number of MX records that can be used has been raised to 20.)127 -640.2 Q .335(The number of queued messages that can be handled at one time has\ - been raised from 600 to)127 656.4 R(1000.)102 668.4 Q F0 2.5(7.26. Differ)87 -692.4 R(ent Default T)-.18 E(uning P)-.92 E(arameters)-.1 E F1 -1.11(Ve)127 -708.6 S .8(rsion 8 has changed the def)1.11 F .8 -(ault parameters for tuning queue costs to mak)-.1 F 3.3(et)-.1 G .8 -(he number of)449.08 708.6 R .712(recipients more important than the size of t\ -he message \(for small messages\).)102 720.6 R .712(This is reasonable if)5.712 -F EP -%%Page: 63 58 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-63)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -(you are connected with reasonably f)102 96 Q(ast links.)-.1 E F0 2.5(7.27. A) -87 120 R(uto-Quoting in Addr)-.5 E(esses)-.18 E F1(Pre)127 136.2 Q(viously)-.25 -E 2.61(,t)-.65 G .111(he \231Full Name <email address>\232 syntax w)176.77 -136.2 R .111(ould generate incorrect protocol output)-.1 F -(if \231Full Name\232 had special characters such as dot.)102 148.2 Q(This v)5 -E(ersion puts quotes around such names.)-.15 E F0 2.5(7.28. Symbolic)87 172.2 R -(Names On Err)2.5 E(or Mailer)-.18 E F1(Se)127 188.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G -(ral names ha).15 E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een b).15 E -(uilt in to the $@ portion of the $#error mailer)-.2 E(.)-.55 E F0 2.5 -(7.29. SMTP)87 212.4 R(VRFY Doesn't Expand)2.5 E F1(Pre)127 228.6 Q 1.438 -(vious v)-.25 F 1.438(ersions of)-.15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.938 -E F1 1.438(treated VRFY and EXPN the same.)3.938 F 1.437(In this v)6.437 F -1.437(ersion, VRFY)-.15 F(doesn')102 240.6 Q 2.5(te)-.18 G -(xpand aliases or follo)138.05 240.6 Q 2.5(w.)-.25 G(forw)235.84 240.6 Q -(ard \214les.)-.1 E(EXPN still does.)5 E .681 -(As an optimization, if you run with your def)127 256.8 R .682(ault deli)-.1 F --.15(ve)-.25 G .682(ry mode being queue-only or deli).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -.2 -(r-).15 G 1.582 -(in-background, the RCPT command will also not chase aliases and .forw)102 -268.8 R 1.582(ard \214les.)-.1 F 1.582(It will chase)6.582 F -(them when it processes the queue.)102 280.8 Q F0 2.5(7.30. [IPC])87 304.8 R -(Mailers Allo)2.5 E 2.5(wM)-.1 G(ultiple Hosts)210.49 304.8 Q F1 .447 -(When an address resolv)127 321 R .448 -(es to a mailer that has \231[IPC]\232 as its \231P)-.15 F .448 -(ath\232, the $@ part \(host name\))-.15 F .138 -(can be a colon-separated list of hosts instead of a single hostname.)102 333 R -.137(This asks)5.137 F F2(sendmail)2.637 E F1 .137(to search the)2.637 F .16 -(list for the \214rst entry that is a)102 345 R -.25(va)-.2 G .16(ilable e).25 -F .161(xactly as though it were an MX record.)-.15 F .161 -(The intent is to route)5.161 F .738(internal traf)102 357 R .738 -(\214c through internal netw)-.25 F .738 -(orks without publishing an MX record to the net.)-.1 F .737(MX e)5.737 F -(xpan-)-.15 E(sion is still done on the indi)102 369 Q(vidual items.)-.25 E F0 -2.5(7.31. Aliases)87 393 R(Extended)2.5 E F1 1.456 -(The implementation has been mer)127 409.2 R 1.457(ged with maps.)-.18 F 1.457 -(Among other things, this supports NIS-)6.457 F(based aliases.)102 421.2 Q F0 -2.5(7.32. P)87 445.2 R(ortability and Security Enhancements)-.2 E F1 2.5(An)127 -461.4 S(umber of internal changes ha)141.72 461.4 Q .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H -(een made to enhance portability).15 E(.)-.65 E(Se)127 477.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G -(ral \214x).15 E(es ha)-.15 E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H -(een made to increase the paranoia f).15 E(actor)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F0 2.5 -(7.33. Miscellaneous)87 501.6 R(Changes)2.5 E F2(Sendmail)127 517.8 Q F1 -(writes a)2.5 E F2(/etc/sendmail.pid)2.5 E F1 -(\214le with the current process id of the SMTP daemon.)2.5 E -1 -.8(Tw o)127 -534 T 1.647(people using the same program in their .forw)4.947 F 1.646 -(ard \214le are considered dif)-.1 F 1.646(ferent so that)-.25 F -(duplicate elimination doesn')102 546 Q 2.5(td)-.18 G(elete one of them.)225.98 -546 Q(The)127 562.2 Q F2(mailstats)3.18 E F1 .681 -(program prints mailer names and gets the location of the)3.18 F F2 -(sendmail.st)3.181 E F1 .681(\214le from)3.181 F F2(/etc/sendmail.cf)102 574.2 -Q F1(.)A(Man)127 590.4 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G(inor b)160.46 590.4 Q(ugs ha)-.2 E .3 --.15(ve b)-.2 H(een \214x).15 E -(ed, such as handling of backslashes inside of quotes.)-.15 E 2.5(Ah)127 606.6 -S(ook \(ruleset 5\) has been added to allo)141.72 606.6 Q 2.5(wr)-.25 G -.25 -(ew)304.21 606.6 S(riting of local addresses after aliasing.).25 E F0 2.5(8. A) -72 630.6 R(CKNO)-.55 E(WLEDGEMENTS)-.5 E F1(I')112 646.8 Q 2.037 -.15(ve w)-.5 -H(ork).05 E 1.737(ed on)-.1 F F2(sendmail)4.237 E F1 1.737(for man)4.237 F -4.237(yy)-.15 G 1.737(ears, and man)267.502 646.8 R 4.237(ye)-.15 G(mplo) -339.763 646.8 Q 1.737(yers ha)-.1 F 2.037 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.737 -(een remarkably patient).15 F .403(about letting me w)87 658.8 R .403 -(ork on a lar)-.1 F .403(ge project that w)-.18 F .404(as not part of my of)-.1 -F .404(\214cial job)-.25 F 5.404(.T)-.4 G .404(his includes time on the)407.384 -658.8 R .282(INGRES Project at the Uni)87 670.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .282 -(rsity of California at Berk).15 F(ele)-.1 E 1.582 -.65(y, a)-.15 H 2.782(tB) -.65 G .282(ritton Lee, and ag)348.21 670.8 R .281(ain on the Mammoth)-.05 F -(and T)87 682.8 Q(itan Projects at Berk)-.35 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G .453 -(Much of the second w)112 699 R -2.25 -.2(av e)-.1 H .453(of impro)3.153 F -.15 -(ve)-.15 G .453(ments should be credited to Bryan Costales of ICSI.).15 F .454 -(As he)5.454 F .781(passed me drafts of his book on)87 711 R F2(sendmail)3.281 -E F1 3.281(Iw)3.281 G .781(as inspired to start w)274.741 711 R .781 -(orking on things ag)-.1 F 3.281(ain. Bryan)-.05 F -.1(wa)3.281 G(s).1 E -(also a)87 723 Q -.25(va)-.2 G(ilable to bounce ideas of).25 E 2.5(fo)-.25 G -(f.)227.38 723 Q EP -%%Page: 64 59 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-64 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(Man)112 96 Q -2.856 -.65(y, m)-.15 H(an).65 E 4.056(yp)-.15 G 1.556(eople contrib)172.212 96 -R 1.556(uted chunks of code and ideas to)-.2 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -(sendmail)4.056 E F1 6.556(.I)C 4.056(th)418.476 96 S 1.557(as pro)430.312 96 R --.15(ve)-.15 G 4.057(nt).15 G 4.057(ob)477.006 96 S 4.057(ea)491.063 96 S .464 -(group netw)87 108 R .464(ork ef)-.1 F 2.964(fort. V)-.25 F .464 -(ersion 8 in particular w)-1.11 F .463(as a group project.)-.1 F .463 -(The follo)5.463 F .463(wing people made notable)-.25 F(contrib)87 120 Q -(utions:)-.2 E(John Beck, He)127 136.2 Q(wlett-P)-.25 E(ackard)-.15 E -.25(Ke) -127 148.2 S(ith Bostic, CSRG, Uni).25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -(rsity of California, Berk).15 E(ele)-.1 E(y)-.15 E(Andre)127 160.2 Q 2.5(wC) --.25 G(heng, Sun Microsystems)168.13 160.2 Q(Michael J. Corrig)127 172.2 Q -(an, Uni)-.05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity of California, San Die).15 E(go)-.15 E -(Bryan Costales, International Computer Science Institute)127 184.2 Q -.15(Pa) -127 196.2 S -.5(..)132.298 190.2 S 2.5(r\()136.85 196.2 S(Pell\) Emanuelsson) -146.01 196.2 Q(Craig Ev)127 208.2 Q(erhart, T)-.15 E(ransarc Corporation)-.35 E --.8(To)127 220.2 S 2.5(mI).8 G -.25(va)150.92 220.2 S 2.5(rH).25 G -(elbekkmo, Norwe)173.16 220.2 Q(gian School of Economics)-.15 E -(Allan E. Johannesen, WPI)127 232.2 Q(Jonathan Kamens, OpenV)127 244.2 Q -(ision T)-.6 E(echnologies, Inc.)-.7 E -.8(Ta)127 256.2 S -(kahiro Kanbe, Fuji Xerox Information Systems Co., Ltd.).8 E(Brian Kantor)127 -268.2 Q 2.5(,U)-.4 G(ni)191.31 268.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G -(rsity of California, San Die).15 E(go)-.15 E(Murray S. K)127 280.2 Q(uchera) --.15 E(wy)-.15 E 2.5(,H)-.65 G(ookUp Communication Corp.)227.41 280.2 Q -(Bruce Lilly)127 292.2 Q 2.5(,S)-.65 G(on)182.74 292.2 Q 2.5(yU)-.15 G(.S.) -207.31 292.2 Q(Karl London)127 304.2 Q(Motonori Nakamura, Ritsumeikan Uni)127 -316.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity & K).15 E(yoto Uni)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity).15 -E(John Gardiner Myers, Carne)127 328.2 Q(gie Mellon Uni)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -(rsity).15 E(Neil Rick)127 340.2 Q(ert, Northern Illinois Uni)-.1 E -.15(ve) --.25 G(rsity).15 E(Eric Schnoebelen, Con)127 352.2 Q .3 -.15(vex C)-.4 H -(omputer Corp.).15 E(Eric W)127 364.2 Q(assenaar)-.8 E 2.5(,N)-.4 G -(ational Institute for Nuclear and High Ener)200.49 364.2 Q(gy Ph)-.18 E -(ysics, Amsterdam)-.05 E(Christophe W)127 376.2 Q(olfhugel, P)-.8 E -(asteur Institute & Herv)-.15 E 2.5(eS)-.15 G(chauer Consultants \(P)330.05 -376.2 Q(aris\))-.15 E 3.219(Ia)87 392.4 S .719(pologize for an)97.989 392.4 R -.719(yone I ha)-.15 F 1.019 -.15(ve o)-.2 H .719(mitted, misspelled, misattrib) -.15 F .719(uted, or otherwise missed.)-.2 F .72(At this point, I)5.72 F 1.093 -(suspect that at least a hundred people ha)87 404.4 R 1.393 -.15(ve c)-.2 H -(ontrib).15 E 1.093(uted code, and man)-.2 F 3.592(ym)-.15 G 1.092(ore ha) -393.524 404.4 R 1.392 -.15(ve c)-.2 H(ontrib).15 E 1.092(uted ideas,)-.2 F -1.533(comments, and encouragement.)87 416.4 R(I')6.534 E 1.834 -.15(ve t)-.5 H -1.534(ried to list them in the RELEASE_NO).15 F 1.534(TES in the distrib)-.4 F -(ution)-.2 E(directory)87 428.4 Q 5(.I)-.65 G(appreciate their contrib)135.78 -428.4 Q(ution as well.)-.2 E .743(Special thanks are reserv)112 444.6 R .743 -(ed for Michael Corrig)-.15 F .742(an and Christophe W)-.05 F .742 -(olfhugel, who besides being)-.8 F -.1(wo)87 456.6 S 5.714 -(nderful guinea pigs and contrib).1 F 5.714(utors ha)-.2 F 6.015 -.15(ve a)-.2 -H 5.715(lso consented to be added to the `).15 F(`send-)-.74 E(mail@CS.Berk)87 -468.6 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU').65 E 3.335('l)-.74 G .835 -(ist and, by answering the b)199.005 468.6 R .835 -(ulk of the questions sent to that list, ha)-.2 F 1.134 -.15(ve f)-.2 H(reed) -.15 E(me up to do other w)87 480.6 Q(ork.)-.1 E EP -%%Page: 65 60 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 12/Times-Bold@0 SF 3(APPENDIX A)257.172 98.4 R(COMMAND LINE FLA)224.832 -141.6 Q(GS)-.66 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(Ar)97 201 Q -(guments must be presented with \215ags before addresses.)-.18 E -(The \215ags are:)5 E<ad62>72 217.2 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(x)A F1 -(Set operation mode to)144 217.2 Q F2(x)2.5 E F1 5(.O)C(peration modes are:) -253.71 217.2 Q 12.22(mD)184 233.4 S(eli)211.22 233.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rm) -.15 G(ail \(def)243.87 233.4 Q(ault\))-.1 E 16.11(sS)184 245.4 S -(peak SMTP on input side)209.56 245.4 Q 8.06(a\207 `)184 257.4 R -.8(`A)-.74 G -(rpanet').8 E 2.5('m)-.74 G(ode \(get en)257.53 257.4 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G -(lope sender information from header\)).15 E 15(dR)184 269.4 S(un as a daemon) -210.67 269.4 Q 17.22(tR)184 281.4 S(un in test mode)210.67 281.4 Q 15(vJ)184 -293.4 S(ust v)207.89 293.4 Q(erify addresses, don')-.15 E 2.5(tc)-.18 G -(ollect or deli)319.48 293.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E 17.22(iI)184 305.4 S -(nitialize the alias database)207.33 305.4 Q 15(pP)184 317.4 S -(rint the mail queue)209.56 317.4 Q<ad42>72 337.8 Q F2(type)A F1 -(Indicate body type.)144 337.8 Q<ad43>72 354 Q F2(\214le)A F1 .946(Use a dif) -144 354 R .946(ferent con\214guration \214le.)-.25 F F2(Sendmail)5.946 E F1 -.946(runs as the in)3.446 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .946(king user \(rather than root\)).2 -F(when this \215ag is speci\214ed.)144 366 Q<ad64>72 382.2 Q F2(le)A(vel)-.15 E -F1(Set deb)144 382.2 Q(ugging le)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(l.).15 E<ad66>72 398.4 Q -F2(addr)2.5 E F1(The sender')144 398.4 Q 2.5(sm)-.55 G(achine address is)205.1 -398.4 Q F2(addr)2.5 E F1(.)A<ad46>72 414.6 Q F2(name)A F1 -(Sets the full name of this user to)144 414.6 Q F2(name)2.5 E F1(.)A<ad68>72 -430.8 Q F2(cnt)2.5 E F1 .726(Sets the \231hop count\232 to)144 430.8 R F2(cnt) -3.226 E F1 5.725(.T)C .725 -(his represents the number of times this message has been)269.455 430.8 R .02 -(processed by)144 442.8 R F2(sendmail)2.52 E F1 .02(\(to the e)2.52 F .02 -(xtent that it is supported by the underlying netw)-.15 F(orks\).)-.1 E F2(Cnt) -5.02 E F1 1.521 -(is incremented during processing, and if it reaches MAXHOP \(currently 30\)) -144 454.8 R F2(sendmail)4.02 E F1(thro)144 466.8 Q(ws a)-.25 E -.1(wa)-.15 G -2.5(yt).1 G(he message with an error)199.6 466.8 Q(.)-.55 E 58.86(\255n Don')72 -483 R 2.5(td)-.18 G 2.5(oa)174.65 483 S(liasing or forw)186.59 483 Q(arding.) --.1 E<ad72>72 499.2 Q F2(addr)2.5 E F1(An obsolete form of)144 499.2 Q/F3 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad66>2.5 E F1(.)A<ad6f>72 515.4 Q F2 1.666(xv)C(alue)-1.666 E -F1(Set option)144 515.4 Q F2(x)2.5 E F1(to the speci\214ed)2.5 E F2(value)2.5 E -F1 5(.T)C(hese options are described in Section 5.6.)292.6 515.4 Q<ad4f>72 -531.6 Q F2(option)A F3(=)A F2(value)A F1(Set)6.22 E F2(option)5.173 E F1 2.674 -(to the speci\214ed)5.173 F F2(value)5.174 E F1 2.674 -(\(for long form option names\).)5.174 F 2.674(These options are)7.674 F -(described in Section 5.6.)144 543.6 Q<ad4d>72 559.8 Q F2 1.666(xv)C 27.204 -(alue Set)-1.666 F(macr)2.5 E 2.5(oxt)-.45 G 2.5(ot)196.04 559.8 S -(he speci\214ed value)206.32 559.8 Q(.)-.15 E F1<ad70>72 576 Q F2(pr)A(otocol) --.45 E F1 .401(Set the sending protocol.)144 576 R .401 -(Programs are encouraged to set this.)5.401 F .4(The protocol \214eld can be) -5.401 F .114(in the form)144 588 R F2(pr)2.614 E(otocol)-.45 E F3(:)A F2(host)A -F1 .114(to set both the sending protocol and sending host.)2.614 F -.15(Fo) -5.115 G 2.615(re).15 G(xample,)472.06 588 Q 2.147(\231\255pUUCP:uunet\232 sets\ - the sending protocol to UUCP and the sending host to uunet.)144 600 R .973 -(\(Some e)144 612 R .974 -(xisting programs use \255oM to set the r and s macros; this is equi)-.15 F --.25(va)-.25 G .974(lent to using).25 F(\255p.\))144 624 Q<ad71>72 640.2 Q F2 -(time)A F1 -.35(Tr)144 640.2 S 3.168(yt).35 G 3.167(op)164.038 640.2 S .667 -(rocess the queued up mail.)177.205 640.2 R .667(If the time is gi)5.667 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G .667(n, a).15 F F2(sendmail)3.167 E F1 .667(will run through the) -3.167 F(queue at the speci\214ed interv)144 652.2 Q(al to deli)-.25 E -.15(ve) --.25 G 2.5(rq).15 G(ueued mail; otherwise, it only runs once.)310.82 652.2 Q -<ad71>72 668.4 Q F2(Xstring)A F1 .312 -(Run the queue once, limiting the jobs to those matching)144 668.4 R F2 -(Xstring)2.813 E F1 5.313(.T)C .313(he k)416.325 668.4 R .613 -.15(ey l)-.1 H -(etter).15 E F2(X)2.813 E F1 .313(can be)2.813 F F3(I)144 680.4 Q F1 .671 -(to limit based on queue identi\214er)3.171 F(,)-.4 E F3(R)3.171 E F1 .67 -(to limit based on recipient, or)3.171 F F3(S)3.17 E F1 .67(to limit based on) -3.17 F .32 LW 76 690 72 690 DL 80 690 76 690 DL 84 690 80 690 DL 88 690 84 690 -DL 92 690 88 690 DL 96 690 92 690 DL 100 690 96 690 DL 104 690 100 690 DL 108 -690 104 690 DL 112 690 108 690 DL 116 690 112 690 DL 120 690 116 690 DL 124 690 -120 690 DL 128 690 124 690 DL 132 690 128 690 DL 136 690 132 690 DL 140 690 136 -690 DL 144 690 140 690 DL 148 690 144 690 DL 152 690 148 690 DL 156 690 152 690 -DL 160 690 156 690 DL 164 690 160 690 DL 168 690 164 690 DL 172 690 168 690 DL -176 690 172 690 DL 180 690 176 690 DL 184 690 180 690 DL 188 690 184 690 DL 192 -690 188 690 DL 196 690 192 690 DL 200 690 196 690 DL 204 690 200 690 DL 208 690 -204 690 DL 212 690 208 690 DL 216 690 212 690 DL/F4 8/Times-Roman@0 SF -(\207Deprecated.)93.6 702 Q F3(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 756 -Q(SMM:08-65)452.9 756 Q EP -%%Page: 66 61 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-66 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(sender)144 96 Q -6.053(.A)-.55 G 1.054 -(particular queued job is accepted if one of the corresponding addresses con-) -188.876 96 R(tains the indicated)144 108 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(string)2.5 E -F1(.)A 61.08(\255t Read)72 124.2 R .752(the header for \231T)3.252 F .752 -(o:\232, \231Cc:\232, and \231Bcc:\232 lines, and send to e)-.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 -G .752(ryone listed in those).15 F 2.539(lists. The)144 136.2 R .039 -(\231Bcc:\232 line will be deleted before sending.)2.539 F(An)5.039 E 2.539(ya) --.15 G .04(ddresses in the ar)385.31 136.2 R .04(gument v)-.18 F(ec-)-.15 E -(tor will be deleted from the send list.)144 148.2 Q<ad58>72 164.4 Q F2(lo)3.18 -E(g\214le)-.1 E F1 .68(Log all traf)144.68 164.4 R .68(\214c in and out of)-.25 -F F2(sendmail)3.179 E F1 .679(in the indicated)3.179 F F2(lo)3.179 E(g\214le) --.1 E F1 .679(for deb)3.179 F .679(ugging mailer prob-)-.2 F 2.5(lems. This)144 -176.4 R(produces a lot of data v)2.5 E -(ery quickly and should be used sparingly)-.15 E(.)-.65 E .637 -(There are a number of options that may be speci\214ed as primiti)97 192.6 R -.938 -.15(ve \215)-.25 H 3.138(ags. These).15 F .638(are the e, i, m, and v) -3.138 F 2.5(options. Also,)72 204.6 R(the f option may be speci\214ed as the) -2.5 E F0<ad73>2.5 E F1(\215ag.)2.5 E EP -%%Page: 67 62 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 12/Times-Bold@0 SF 3(APPENDIX B)250.002 98.4 R -.12(QU)220.29 141.6 S -(EUE FILE FORMA).12 E(TS)-1.14 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .292 -(This appendix describes the format of the queue \214les.)97 201 R .292 -(These \214les li)5.292 F .592 -.15(ve i)-.25 H 2.792(nt).15 G .291 -(he directory de\214ned by the)395.636 201 R/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Q)72 213 Q -F1(option in the)2.5 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1 -(\214le, usually)2.5 E F3(/var/spool/mqueue)2.5 E F1(or)2.5 E F3 -(/usr/spool/mqueue)2.5 E F1(.)A .229(All queue \214les ha)97 229.2 R .529 -.15 -(ve t)-.2 H .229(he name).15 F F3(x)2.729 E F2(f)1.666 E F3(AAA99999)A F1 -(where)2.73 E F3(AAA99999)2.73 E F1 .23(is the)2.73 F F3(id)2.73 E F1 .23 -(for this message and the)2.73 F F3(x)2.73 E F1 .23(is a)2.73 F 3.601 -(type. The)72 241.2 R 1.101 -(\214rst letter of the id encodes the hour of the day that the message w)3.601 -F 1.101(as recei)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.601(db).15 G 3.601(yt)451.798 241.2 S -1.101(he system)463.179 241.2 R .551 -(\(with A being the hour between midnight and 1:00AM\).)72 253.2 R .552 -(All \214les with the same id collecti)5.552 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .552 -(ly de\214ne one).15 F(message.)72 265.2 Q(The types are:)97 281.4 Q 31(dT)72 -297.6 S(he data \214le.)114.11 297.6 Q(The message body \(e)5 E -(xcluding the header\) is k)-.15 E(ept in this \214le.)-.1 E 31(qT)72 313.8 S -(he queue control \214le.)114.11 313.8 Q -(This \214le contains the information necessary to process the job)5 E(.)-.4 E -33.22(tA)72 330 S .345(temporary \214le.)118.065 330 R .344 -(These are an image of the)5.345 F F2(qf)2.844 E F1 .344 -(\214le when it is being reb)2.844 F 2.844(uilt. It)-.2 F .344 -(should be renamed)2.844 F(to a)108 342 Q F2(qf)2.5 E F1(\214le v)2.5 E -(ery quickly)-.15 E(.)-.65 E 31(xA)72 358.2 S .566(transcript \214le, e)118.286 -358.2 R .567(xisting during the life of a session sho)-.15 F .567(wing e)-.25 F --.15(ve)-.25 G .567(rything that happens during that).15 F(session.)108 370.2 Q -(The)97 386.4 Q F2(qf)3.334 E F1 .834 -(\214le is structured as a series of lines each be)3.334 F .833 -(ginning with a code letter)-.15 F 5.833(.T)-.55 G .833(he lines are as fol-) -427.358 386.4 R(lo)72 398.4 Q(ws:)-.25 E 28.78(VT)72 414.6 S .819(he v)114.11 -414.6 R .819(ersion number of the queue \214le format, used to allo)-.15 F 3.32 -(wn)-.25 G -.25(ew)359.35 414.6 S F3(sendmail)3.57 E F1 .82 -(binaries to read queue)3.32 F .004(\214les created by older v)108 426.6 R -2.504(ersions. Def)-.15 F .004(aults to v)-.1 F .004(ersion zero.)-.15 F .004 -(Must be the \214rst line of the \214le if present.)5.004 F 28.78(HA)72 442.8 S -.329(header de\214nition.)118.049 442.8 R .329(There may be an)5.329 F 2.829 -(yn)-.15 G .329(umber of these lines.)274.283 442.8 R .33 -(The order is important: the)5.33 F 2.83(yr)-.15 G(epre-)483.46 442.8 Q .046 -(sent the order in the \214nal message.)108 454.8 R .046 -(These use the same syntax as header de\214nitions in the con\214gu-)5.046 F -(ration \214le.)108 466.8 Q 29.33(CT)72 483 S .575(he controlling address.) -114.11 483 R .575(The syntax is \231localuser:aliasname\232.)5.575 F .575 -(Recipient addresses follo)5.575 F .575(wing this)-.25 F 2.814 -(line will be \215agged so that deli)108 495 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.814 -(ries will be run as the).15 F F3(localuser)5.314 E F1 2.814 -(\(a user name from the)5.314 F .561(/etc/passwd \214le\);)108 507 R F3 -(aliasname)3.061 E F1 .561(is the name of the alias that e)3.061 F .562 -(xpanded to this address \(used for print-)-.15 F(ing messages\).)108 519 Q -28.78(QT)72 535.2 S .798(he `)114.11 535.2 R .798(`original recipient')-.74 F -.798(', speci\214ed by the ORCPT= \214eld in an ESMTP transaction.)-.74 F .797 -(Used e)5.797 F(xclu-)-.15 E(si)108 547.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly for Deli).15 E --.15(ve)-.25 G(ry Status Noti\214cations.).15 E -(It applies only to the immediately follo)5 E(wing `R' line.)-.25 E 29.33(RA)72 -563.4 S .705(recipient address.)118.425 563.4 R .705 -(This will normally be completely aliased, b)5.705 F .705 -(ut is actually realiased when the)-.2 F .493(job is processed.)108 575.4 R -.492(There will be one line for each recipient.)5.493 F -1.11(Ve)5.492 G .492 -(rsion 1 qf \214les also include a lead-)1.11 F .689(ing colon-terminated list\ - of \215ags, which can be `S' to return a message on successful \214nal deli) -108 587.4 R(v-)-.25 E(ery)108 599.4 Q 3.328(,`)-.65 G .828 -(F' to return a message on f)129.278 599.4 R .828 -(ailure, `D' to return a message if the message is delayed, `B' to)-.1 F .94 -(indicate that the body should be returned, `N' to suppress returning the body) -108 611.4 R 3.441(,a)-.65 G .941(nd `P' to declare)434.807 611.4 R(this as a `) -108 623.4 Q(`primary')-.74 E 2.5('\()-.74 G -(command line or SMTP-session\) address.)192.05 623.4 Q 30.44(ST)72 639.6 S -(he sender address.)114.11 639.6 Q(There may only be one of these lines.)5 E -29.89(TT)72 655.8 S(he job creation time.)114.11 655.8 Q -(This is used to compute when to time out the job)5 E(.)-.4 E 30.44(PT)72 672 S -.114(he current message priority)114.11 672 R 5.114(.T)-.65 G .113 -(his is used to order the queue.)236.666 672 R .113(Higher numbers mean lo) -5.113 F .113(wer priori-)-.25 F 3.676(ties. The)108 684 R 1.176 -(priority changes as the message sits in the queue.)3.676 F 1.177 -(The initial priority depends on the)6.176 F -(message class and the size of the message.)108 696 Q 27.11(MA)72 712.2 S 2.704 -(message. This)117.924 712.2 R .204(line is printed by the)2.704 F F3(mailq) -2.704 E F1 .203(command, and is generally used to store status infor)2.704 F(-) --.2 E 2.5(mation. It)108 724.2 R(can contain an)2.5 E 2.5(yt)-.15 G -.15(ex) -219.78 724.2 S(t.).15 E F2(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 756 Q -(SMM:08-67)452.9 756 Q EP -%%Page: 68 63 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-68 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 30.44(FF)72 96 S -.043(lag bits, represented as one letter per \215ag.)113.56 96 R .043 -(De\214ned \215ag bits are)5.043 F F0(r)2.543 E F1 .044 -(indicating that this is a response)2.544 F .143(message and)108 108 R F0(w) -2.643 E F1 .143(indicating that a w)2.643 F .142 -(arning message has been sent announcing that the mail has been)-.1 F(delayed.) -108 120 Q 28.78(NT)72 136.2 S(he total number of deli)114.11 136.2 Q -.15(ve) --.25 G(ry attempts.).15 E 28.78(KT)72 152.4 S -(he time \(as seconds since January 1, 1970\) of the last deli)114.11 152.4 Q --.15(ve)-.25 G(ry attempt.).15 E 32.67(IT)72 168.6 S .724 -(he i-number of the data \214le; this can be used to reco)114.11 168.6 R -.15 -(ve)-.15 G 3.225(ry).15 G .725(our mail queue after a disastrous disk)350.23 -168.6 R(crash.)108 180.6 Q 31($A)72 196.8 S .83(macro de\214nition.)118.55 -196.8 R .83(The v)5.83 F .829 -(alues of certain macros \(as of this writing, only)-.25 F F0($r)3.329 E F1 -(and)3.329 E F0($s)3.329 E F1 3.329(\)a)C .829(re passed)466.241 196.8 R -(through to the queue run phase.)108 208.8 Q 29.33(BT)72 225 S .924 -(he body type.)114.11 225 R .925(The remainder of the line is a te)5.924 F .925 -(xt string de\214ning the body type.)-.15 F .925(If this \214eld is)5.925 F -.009(missing, the body type is assumed to be \231unde\214ned\232 and no specia\ -l processing is attempted.)108 237 R(Le)5.008 E -.05(ga)-.15 G(l).05 E -.25(va) -108 249 S(lues are \2317BIT\232 and \2318BITMIME\232.).25 E 28.78(OT)72 265.2 S -(he original MTS v)114.11 265.2 Q(alue \(from the ESMTP transaction\).)-.25 E --.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(rD).15 G(eli)359.52 265.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rS).15 G -(tatus Noti\214cations only)389.95 265.2 Q(.)-.65 E 29.89(ZT)72 281.4 S -(he original en)114.11 281.4 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G -(lope id \(from the ESMTP transaction\).).15 E -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(rD).15 G(eli) -360.88 281.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rS).15 G(tatus Noti\214cations only)391.31 -281.4 Q(.)-.65 E 4.072(As an e)97 297.6 R 4.072(xample, the follo)-.15 F 4.073 -(wing is a queue \214le sent to \231eric@mammoth.Berk)-.25 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.) --.15 G 4.073(EDU\232 and).65 F(\231bostic@ok)72 311.6 Q(eef)-.1 E(fe.CS.Berk) --.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\232).65 E/F2 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(1)219.09 -307.6 Q F1(:)222.59 311.6 Q(P835771)112 327.8 Q(T404261372)112 339.8 Q(Seric) -112 351.8 Q(Ceric:sendmail@v)112 363.8 Q(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65 -(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(Reric@mammoth.Berk)112 375.8 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G -(EDU).65 E(Rbostic@ok)112 387.8 Q(eef)-.1 E(fe.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65 -(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(H?P?return-path: <o)112 399.8 Q(wner)-.25 E(-sendmail@v) --.2 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU>).65 E(Hrecei)112 -411.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(d: by v).15 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.) --.15 G(EDU \(5.108/2.7\) id AAA06703;).65 E(Fri, 17 Jul 92 00:28:55 -0700)132 -423.8 Q(Hrecei)112 435.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(d: from mail.CS.Berk).15 E(ele)-.1 E --.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU by v).65 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G -(EDU \(5.108/2.7\)).65 E(id AAA06698; Fri, 17 Jul 92 00:28:54 -0700)132 447.8 Q -(Hrecei)112 459.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(d: from [128.32.31.21] by mail.CS.Berk).15 E -(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU \(5.96/2.5\)).65 E -(id AA22777; Fri, 17 Jul 92 03:29:14 -0400)132 471.8 Q(Hrecei)112 483.8 Q -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(d: by foo.bar).15 E(.baz.de \(5.57/Ultrix3.0-C\))-.55 E -(id AA22757; Fri, 17 Jul 92 09:31:25 GMT)132 495.8 Q(H?F?from: eric@foo.bar)112 -507.8 Q(.baz.de \(Eric Allman\))-.55 E(H?x?full-name: Eric Allman)112 519.8 Q -(Hmessage-id: <9207170931.AA22757@foo.bar)112 531.8 Q(.baz.de>)-.55 E(HT)112 -543.8 Q(o: sendmail@v)-.8 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU) -.65 E(Hsubject: this is an e)112 555.8 Q(xample message)-.15 E .657(This sho)72 -572 R .658(ws the person who sent the message, the submission time \(in second\ -s since January 1, 1970\), the)-.25 F(message priority)72 584 Q 2.5(,t)-.65 G -(he message class, the recipients, and the headers for the message.)145.51 584 -Q .32 LW 76 669.2 72 669.2 DL 80 669.2 76 669.2 DL 84 669.2 80 669.2 DL 88 -669.2 84 669.2 DL 92 669.2 88 669.2 DL 96 669.2 92 669.2 DL 100 669.2 96 669.2 -DL 104 669.2 100 669.2 DL 108 669.2 104 669.2 DL 112 669.2 108 669.2 DL 116 -669.2 112 669.2 DL 120 669.2 116 669.2 DL 124 669.2 120 669.2 DL 128 669.2 124 -669.2 DL 132 669.2 128 669.2 DL 136 669.2 132 669.2 DL 140 669.2 136 669.2 DL -144 669.2 140 669.2 DL 148 669.2 144 669.2 DL 152 669.2 148 669.2 DL 156 669.2 -152 669.2 DL 160 669.2 156 669.2 DL 164 669.2 160 669.2 DL 168 669.2 164 669.2 -DL 172 669.2 168 669.2 DL 176 669.2 172 669.2 DL 180 669.2 176 669.2 DL 184 -669.2 180 669.2 DL 188 669.2 184 669.2 DL 192 669.2 188 669.2 DL 196 669.2 192 -669.2 DL 200 669.2 196 669.2 DL 204 669.2 200 669.2 DL 208 669.2 204 669.2 DL -212 669.2 208 669.2 DL 216 669.2 212 669.2 DL/F3 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(1)93.6 -679.6 Q/F4 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .719(This e)3.2 J .719(xample is contri)-.12 F --.12(ve)-.2 G 2.719(da).12 G .719(nd probably inaccurate for your en)186.968 -682.8 R 2.719(vironment. Glance)-.32 F -.12(ove)2.718 G 2.718(ri).12 G 2.718 -(tt)384.998 682.8 S 2.718(og)392.164 682.8 S .718 -(et an idea; nothing can replace)402.882 682.8 R(looking at what your o)72 -692.4 Q(wn system generates.)-.2 E EP -%%Page: 69 64 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 12/Times-Bold@0 SF 3(APPENDIX C)249.672 98.4 R(SUMMAR)198.282 141.6 Q 3(YO) --.42 G 3(FS)274.182 141.6 S(UPPOR)291.186 141.6 Q 3(TF)-.48 G(ILES)350.37 141.6 -Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.52(This is a summary of the support \214les that)97 -201 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)4.019 E F1 1.519(creates or generates.) -4.019 F(Man)6.519 E 4.019(yo)-.15 G 4.019(ft)444.743 201 S 1.519(hese can be) -454.872 201 R(changed by editing the sendmail.cf \214le; check there to \214nd\ - the actual pathnames.)72 213 Q(/usr/sbin/sendmail)72 229.2 Q(The binary of)144 -241.2 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(.)A(/usr/bin/ne)72 257.4 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 -E 3.734(Al)144 269.4 S 1.235 -(ink to /usr/sbin/sendmail; causes the alias database to be reb)157.734 269.4 R -3.735(uilt. Running)-.2 F 1.235(this pro-)3.735 F(gram is completely equi)144 -281.4 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to gi).25 E(ving)-.25 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(the) -2.5 E/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(\255bi)2.5 E F1(\215ag.)2.5 E 13.38 -(/usr/bin/mailq Prints)72 297.6 R 3.703(al)3.703 G 1.203 -(isting of the mail queue.)181.966 297.6 R 1.202(This program is equi)6.203 F --.25(va)-.25 G 1.202(lent to using the).25 F F3(\255bp)3.702 E F1 1.202 -(\215ag to)3.702 F F2(sendmail)144 309.6 Q F1(.)A 5.9(/etc/sendmail.cf The)72 -325.8 R(con\214guration \214le, in te)2.5 E(xtual form.)-.15 E -(/usr/lib/sendmail.hf)72 342 Q(The SMTP help \214le.)144 354 Q 7 -(/etc/sendmail.st A)72 370.2 R(statistics \214le; need not be present.)2.5 E -.89(/etc/sendmail.pid Created)72 386.4 R .318 -(in daemon mode; it contains the process id of the current SMTP daemon.)2.818 F -.318(If you)5.318 F .338(use this in scripts; use `)144 398.4 R .338 -(`head \2551')-.74 F 2.838('t)-.74 G 2.838(og)285.786 398.4 S .338 -(et just the \214rst line; later v)298.624 398.4 R .337(ersions of)-.15 F F2 -(sendmail)2.837 E F1(may)2.837 E(add information to subsequent lines.)144 410.4 -Q 25.62(/etc/aliases The)72 426.6 R(te)2.5 E(xtual v)-.15 E -(ersion of the alias \214le.)-.15 E(/etc/aliases.{pag,dir})72 442.8 Q -(The alias \214le in)144 454.8 Q F2(dbm)2.5 E F1(\(3\) format.)1.666 E(/v)72 -471 Q(ar/spool/mqueue)-.25 E -(The directory in which the mail queue and temporary \214les reside.)144 483 Q -(/v)72 499.2 Q(ar/spool/mqueue/qf*)-.25 E -(Control \(queue\) \214les for messages.)144 511.2 Q(/v)72 527.4 Q -(ar/spool/mqueue/df*)-.25 E(Data \214les.)144 539.4 Q(/v)72 555.6 Q -(ar/spool/mqueue/tf*)-.25 E -.7(Te)144 567.6 S(mporary v).7 E -(ersions of the qf \214les, used during queue \214le reb)-.15 E(uild.)-.2 E(/v) -72 583.8 Q(ar/spool/mqueue/xf*)-.25 E 2.5(At)144 595.8 S -(ranscript of the current session.)156.5 595.8 Q F3 -(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 756 Q(SMM:08-69)452.9 756 Q EP -%%Page: 2 65 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 198.36(SMM:08-2 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -(This page intentionally left blank;)256.225 300 Q -(replace it with a blank sheet for double-sided output.)218.6 312 Q EP -%%Page: 3 66 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-3)457.9 60 Q/F1 12/Times-Roman@0 SF -1.116(TA)263.226 98.4 S -(BLE OF CONTENTS)1.116 E/F2 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.5(1. B)72 124.8 R(ASIC INST) --.35 E(ALLA)-.93 E 1.18(TION .................................................\ -..............................................................)-1.11 F(7)499 -124.8 Q 2.5(1.1. Compiling)87 139.2 R .43(Sendmail ...........................\ -..............................................................................\ -.....)2.5 F(7)499 139.2 Q 2.5(1.1.1. T)102 153.6 R(weaking the Mak)-.8 E 1.64(\ -e\214le ......................................................................\ -...........................)-.1 F(7)499 153.6 Q 2.5(1.1.2. Compilation)102 168 -R(and installation)2.5 E 28.5(................................................\ -........................................ 8)4.6 F 2.5(1.2. Con\214guration)87 -182.4 R .99(Files ............................................................\ -....................................................)2.5 F(8)499 182.4 Q 2.5 -(1.3. Details)87 196.8 R(of Installation Files)2.5 E 28.5(....................\ -..............................................................................\ -. 9)4.89 F 2.5(1.3.1. /usr/sbin/sendmail)102 211.2 R 28.5(....................\ -..............................................................................\ -....... 9)2.66 F 2.5(1.3.2. /etc/sendmail.cf)102 225.6 R 28.5(................\ -..............................................................................\ -.............. 9)4.9 F 2.5(1.3.3. /usr/bin/ne)102 240 R -.1(wa)-.25 G 2.19(lia\ -ses ..........................................................................\ -.............................).1 F(10)494 240 Q 2.5(1.3.4. /v)102 254.4 R 1.81 -(ar/spool/mqueue .............................................................\ -...........................................)-.25 F(10)494 254.4 Q 2.5 -(1.3.5. /etc/aliases*)102 268.8 R 23.5(.......................................\ -........................................................................... 10) -4.62 F 2.5(1.3.6. /etc/rc)102 283.2 R 23.5(...................................\ -..............................................................................\ -........... 10)3.51 F 2.5(1.3.7. /usr/lib/sendmail.hf)102 297.6 R 23.5(.......\ -..............................................................................\ -.................. 11)2.94 F 2.5(1.3.8. /etc/sendmail.st)102 312 R 23.5(......\ -..............................................................................\ -......................... 11)3.5 F 2.5(1.3.9. /usr/bin/mailq)102 326.4 R 23.5(\ -..............................................................................\ -................................. 11)4.88 F 2.5(2. NORMAL)72 340.8 R(OPERA)2.5 -E 1.56(TIONS .................................................................\ -............................................)-1.11 F(11)494 340.8 Q 2.5 -(2.1. The)87 355.2 R(System Log)2.5 E 23.5(...................................\ -..............................................................................\ -... 11)4.89 F 2.5(2.1.1. F)102 369.6 R 2.26(ormat ............................\ -..............................................................................\ -................)-.15 F(11)494 369.6 Q 2.5(2.1.2. Le)102 384 R -.15(ve)-.25 G -2.24(ls ......................................................................\ -.....................................................).15 F(13)494 384 Q 2.5 -(2.2. Dumping)87 398.4 R .72(State ...........................................\ -............................................................................) -2.5 F(13)494 398.4 Q 2.5(2.3. The)87 412.8 R(Mail Queue)2.5 E 23.5(...........\ -..............................................................................\ -............................ 13)2.96 F 2.5(2.3.1. Printing)102 427.2 R -(the queue)2.5 E 23.5(........................................................\ -................................................. 14)2.67 F 2.5(2.3.2. F)102 -441.6 R(orcing the queue)-.15 E 23.5(.........................................\ -................................................................ 14)3.94 F 2.5 -(2.4. The)87 456 R(Service Switch)2.5 E 23.5(.................................\ -..............................................................................\ -. 14)2.68 F 2.5(2.5. The)87 470.4 R(Alias Database)2.5 E 23.5(................\ -..............................................................................\ -.................. 15)2.69 F 2.5(2.5.1. Reb)102 484.8 R -(uilding the alias database)-.2 E 23.5(.......................................\ -................................................ 16)4.27 F 2.5 -(2.5.2. Potential)102 499.2 R .72(problems ...................................\ -.....................................................................)2.5 F(16) -494 499.2 Q 2.5(2.5.3. List)102 513.6 R -.25(ow)2.5 G 1.81(ners ..............\ -..............................................................................\ -.......................).25 F(16)494 513.6 Q 2.5(2.6. User)87 528 R -(Information Database)2.5 E 23.5(.............................................\ -....................................................... 17)2.7 F 2.5(2.7. Per) -87 542.4 R(-User F)-.2 E(orw)-.15 E(arding \(.forw)-.1 E(ard Files\))-.1 E 23.5 -(.............................................................................\ -...... 17)4.09 F 2.5(2.8. Special)87 556.8 R(Header Lines)2.5 E 23.5(.........\ -..............................................................................\ -...................... 17)2.97 F 2.5(2.8.1. Errors-T)102 571.2 R 2.09(o: .....\ -..............................................................................\ -..................................)-.8 F(17)494 571.2 Q 2.5 -(2.8.2. Apparently-T)102 585.6 R 2.09(o: .....................................\ -........................................................................)-.8 F -(17)494 585.6 Q 2.5(2.8.3. Precedence)102 600 R 23.5(.........................\ -..............................................................................\ -............. 17)2.97 F 2.5(2.9. IDENT)87 614.4 R(Protocol Support)2.5 E 23.5(\ -..............................................................................\ -......................... 18)2.95 F 2.5(3. ARGUMENTS)72 628.8 R 23.5(.........\ -..............................................................................\ -........................................ 18)3.78 F 2.5(3.1. Queue)87 643.2 R -(Interv)2.5 E 1.55(al ........................................................\ -...............................................................)-.25 F(18)494 -643.2 Q 2.5(3.2. Daemon)87 657.6 R 1.29(Mode .................................\ -..............................................................................\ -........)2.5 F(18)494 657.6 Q 2.5(3.3. F)87 672 R(orcing the Queue)-.15 E 23.5 -(.............................................................................\ -.................................... 19)4.22 F 2.5(3.4. Deb)87 686.4 R 1.76(ug\ -ging .........................................................................\ -....................................................)-.2 F(19)494 686.4 Q 2.5 -(3.5. Changing)87 700.8 R(the V)2.5 E(alues of Options)-1.11 E 23.5(..........\ -..............................................................................\ -.... 19)3.23 F 2.5(3.6. T)87 715.2 R(rying a Dif)-.35 E -(ferent Con\214guration File)-.25 E 23.5(.....................................\ -.............................................. 20)4.67 F EP -%%Page: 4 67 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 198.36(SMM:08-4 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.5 -(3.7. Logging)87 96 R -.35(Tr)2.5 G(af).35 E .5(\214c ........................\ -..............................................................................\ -................)-.25 F(20)494 96 Q 2.5(3.8. T)87 110.4 R -(esting Con\214guration Files)-.7 E 23.5(.....................................\ -.............................................................. 20)4.19 F 2.5 -(4. 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