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Diffstat (limited to 'usr.sbin/nslookup/nslookup.8')
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diff --git a/usr.sbin/nslookup/nslookup.8 b/usr.sbin/nslookup/nslookup.8 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..de0306a --- /dev/null +++ b/usr.sbin/nslookup/nslookup.8 @@ -0,0 +1,387 @@ +.\" +.\" ++Copyright++ 1985, 1989 +.\" - +.\" Copyright (c) 1985, 1989 +.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. +.\" +.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without +.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions +.\" are met: +.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright +.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. +.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright +.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the +.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. +.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software +.\" must display the following acknowledgement: +.\" This product includes software developed by the University of +.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. +.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors +.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software +.\" without specific prior written permission. +.\" +.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND +.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE +.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE +.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE +.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL +.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS +.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) +.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT +.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY +.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF +.\" SUCH DAMAGE. +.\" - +.\" Portions Copyright (c) 1993 by Digital Equipment Corporation. +.\" +.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any +.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above +.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies, and that +.\" the name of Digital Equipment Corporation not be used in advertising or +.\" publicity pertaining to distribution of the document or software without +.\" specific, written prior permission. +.\" +.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORP. DISCLAIMS ALL +.\" WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES +.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL DIGITAL EQUIPMENT +.\" CORPORATION BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL +.\" DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR +.\" PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS +.\" ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS +.\" SOFTWARE. +.\" - +.\" --Copyright-- +.\" +.\" @(#)nslookup.8 5.3 (Berkeley) 6/24/90 +.\" +.TH NSLOOKUP @SYS_OPS_EXT_U@ "June 24, 1990" +.UC 6 +.SH NAME +nslookup \- query Internet name servers interactively +.SH SYNOPSIS +.B nslookup +[ +.I \-option ... +] +[ +.I host-to-find +| \- [ +.I server +]] +.SH DESCRIPTION +.I Nslookup +is a program to query Internet domain name servers. +Nslookup has two modes: interactive and non-interactive. +Interactive mode allows the user to query name servers for +information about various hosts and domains or to print a list of hosts +in a domain. +Non-interactive mode is used to print just the name and requested information +for a host or domain. +.sp 1 +.SH ARGUMENTS +Interactive mode is entered in the following cases: +.IP a) 4 +when no arguments are given (the default name server will be used), +.IP b) 4 +when the first argument is a hyphen (\-) and the second argument +is the host name or Internet address of a name server. +.LP +Non-interactive mode is used when the name or Internet address +of the host to be looked up +is given as the first argument. The optional second argument specifies +the host name or address of a name server. +.LP +The options listed under the ``set'' command below can be specified in +the .nslookuprc file in the user's home directory if they are listed +one per line. Options can also be specified +on the command line if they precede the arguments and are prefixed with +a hyphen. For example, to change the default query type to host information, +and the initial timeout to 10 seconds, type: +.sp .5v + nslookup \-query=hinfo \-timeout=10 +.sp .5v +.SH "INTERACTIVE COMMANDS" +Commands may be interrupted at any time by typing a control-C. +To exit, type a control-D (EOF) or type exit. +The command line length must be less than 256 characters. +To treat a built-in command as a host name, +precede it with an escape character (\e). +\fBN.B.\fP an unrecognized command will be interpreted as a host name. +.sp .5v +.IP "\fIhost\fP [\fIserver\fP]" +Look up information for \fIhost\fP using the current default server +or using \fIserver\fP if specified. +If \fIhost\fP is an Internet address and the query type is A or PTR, the +name of the host is returned. +If \fIhost\fP is a name and does not have a trailing period, the default +domain name is appended to the name. (This behavior depends on the state of the +\fBset\fP options \fBdomain\fP, \fBsrchlist\fP, +\fBdefname\fP, and \fBsearch\fP). +To look up a host not in the current domain, append a period to +the name. +.sp 1 +.IP "\fBserver\fP \fIdomain\fP" +.ns +.IP "\fBlserver\fP \fIdomain\fP" +Change the default server to \fIdomain\fP. +\fBLserver\fP uses the initial server to look up +information about \fIdomain\fP while \fBserver\fP +uses the current default server. +If an authoritative answer can't be found, the names of servers +that might have the answer are returned. +.sp 1 +.IP \fBroot\fP +Changes the default server to the server for the root of the domain name space. +Currently, the host ns.internic.net is used. +(This command is a synonym for \fBlserver ns.internic.net.\fP) +The name of the root server can be changed with the \fBset root\fP command. +.sp 1 +.IP "\fBfinger\fP [\fIname\fP] [\fB>\fP \fIfilename\fP]" +.ns +.IP "\fBfinger\fP [\fIname\fP] [\fB>>\fP \fIfilename\fP]" +Connects with the finger server on the current host. +The current host is defined when a previous lookup for a host +was successful and returned address information (see the +\fBset querytype=A\fP command). +\fIName\fP is optional. +\fB>\fP and \fB>>\fP can be used to redirect output in the +usual manner. +.sp 1 +.IP "\fBls\fR [\fIoption\fR] \fIdomain\fR [\fB>\fR \fIfilename\fR]" +.ns +.IP "\fBls\fR [\fIoption\fR] \fIdomain\fR [\fB>>\fR \fIfilename\fR]" +List the information available for \fIdomain\fP, optionally creating +or appending to \fIfilename\fP. +The default output contains host names and their Internet addresses. +.I Option +can be one of the following: +.RS +.IP "\fB\-t \fIquerytype\fP" 4 +lists all records of the specified type (see \fIquerytype\fP below). +.IP \fB\-a\fP 4 +lists aliases of hosts in the domain. +synonym for \fB\-t\ \ CNAME\fP. +.IP \fB\-d\fP 4 +lists all records for the domain. +synonym for \fB\-t\ \ ANY\fP. +.IP \fB\-h\fP 4 +lists CPU and operating system information for the domain. +synonym for \fB\-t\ \ HINFO\fP. +.IP \fB\-s\fP 4 +lists well-known services of hosts in the domain. +synonym for \fB\-t\ \ WKS\fP. +.P +When output is directed to a file, hash marks are printed for every +50 records received from the server. +.RE +.sp 1 +.IP "\fBview\fP \fIfilename\fP" +Sorts and lists the output of previous \fBls\fP command(s) with +\fImore\fP(@CMD_EXT@). +.sp 1 +.ne 4 +.IP "\fBhelp\fP" +.ns +.IP "\fB?\fP" +Prints a brief summary of commands. +.sp 1 +.IP "\fBexit\fP" +Exits the program. +.sp 1 +.IP "\fBset\fP \fIkeyword\fP[=\fIvalue\fP]" +This command is used to change state information that affects the lookups. +Valid keywords are: +.RS +.IP "\fBall\fP" +Prints the current values of the frequently-used options to \fBset\fP. +Information about the current default server and host is also printed. +.IP "\fBclass=\fIvalue\fR" +Change the query class to one of: +.RS +.IP IN 10 +the Internet class. +.IP CHAOS 10 +the Chaos class. +.IP HESIOD 10 +the MIT Athena Hesiod class. +.IP ANY 10 +wildcard (any of the above). +.P +The class specifies the protocol group of the information. +.br +(Default = IN, abbreviation = cl) +.RE +.IP "\fB[no]debug\fP" +Turn debugging mode on. A lot more information is printed about the +packet sent to the server and the resulting answer. +.br +(Default = nodebug, abbreviation = [no]deb) +.IP "\fB[no]d2\fP" +Turn exhaustive debugging mode on. +Essentially all fields of every packet are printed. +.br +(Default = nod2) +.IP "\fBdomain=\fIname\fR" +Change the default domain name to \fIname\fP. +The default domain name is appended to a lookup request depending on the +state of the \fBdefname\fP and \fBsearch\fP options. +The domain search list contains the parents of the default domain if it has +at least two components in its name. +For example, if the default domain +is CC.Berkeley.EDU, the search list is CC.Berkeley.EDU and Berkeley.EDU. +Use the \fBset srchlist\fP command to specify a different list. +Use the \fBset all\fP command to display the list. +.br +(Default = value from hostname, /etc/resolv.conf or LOCALDOMAIN, +abbreviation = do) +.IP "\fBsrchlist=\fIname1/name2/...\fR" +Change the default domain name to \fIname1\fP and the domain search list +to \fIname1\fP, \fIname2\fP, etc. A maximum of 6 names separated by slashes (/) +can be specified. +For example, +.sp .5v + set\ srchlist=lcs.MIT.EDU/ai.MIT.EDU/MIT.EDU +.sp .5v +sets the domain to lcs.MIT.EDU and the search list to the three names. +This command overrides the +default domain name and search list of the \fBset domain\fP command. +Use the \fBset all\fP command to display the list. +.br +(Default = value based on hostname, /etc/resolv.conf or LOCALDOMAIN, +abbreviation = srchl) +.IP "\fB[no]defname\fP" +If set, append the default domain name to a single-component lookup request +(i.e., one that does not contain a period). +.br +(Default = defname, abbreviation = [no]def) +.IP "\fB[no]search\fP" +If the lookup request contains at least one period but doesn't end +with a trailing period, +append the domain names in the domain search list +to the request until an answer is received. +.br +(Default = search, abbreviation = [no]sea) +.IP "\fBport=\fIvalue\fR" +Change the default TCP/UDP name server port to \fIvalue\fP. +.br +(Default = 53, abbreviation = po) +.IP "\fBquerytype=\fIvalue\fR" +.ns +.IP "\fBtype=\fIvalue\fR" +.ns +Change the type of information query to one of: +.RS +.IP A 10 +the host's Internet address. +.IP CNAME 10 +the canonical name for an alias. +.IP HINFO 10 +the host CPU and operating system type. +.IP MINFO 10 +the mailbox or mail list information. +.IP MX 10 +the mail exchanger. +.IP NS 10 +the name server for the named zone. +.IP PTR 10 +the host name if the query is an Internet address, +otherwise the pointer to other information. +.IP SOA 10 +the domain's ``start-of-authority'' information. +.IP TXT 10 +the text information. +.IP UINFO 10 +the user information. +.IP WKS 10 +the supported well-known services. +.P +Other types (ANY, AXFR, MB, MD, MF, NULL) are described in the +RFC-1035 document. +.br +(Default = A, abbreviations = q, ty) +.RE +.IP "\fB[no]recurse\fP" +Tell the name server to query other servers if it does not have the +information. +.br +(Default = recurse, abbreviation = [no]rec) +.IP \fBretry=\fInumber\fR +Set the number of retries to \fInumber\fP. +When a reply to a request is not received within a certain +amount of time (changed with \fBset timeout\fP), +the timeout period is doubled and the request is resent. +The retry value controls how many times a request is resent before giving up. +.br +(Default = 4, abbreviation = ret) +.IP \fBroot=\fIhost\fR +Change the name of the root server to \fIhost\fP. This +affects the \fBroot\fP command. +.br +(Default = ns.internic.net., abbreviation = ro) +.IP \fBtimeout=\fInumber\fR +Change the initial timeout interval +for waiting for a reply +to \fInumber\fP seconds. +Each retry doubles the timeout period. +.br +(Default = 5 seconds, abbreviation = ti) +.IP "\fB[no]vc\fP" +Always use a virtual circuit when sending requests to the server. +.br +(Default = novc, abbreviation = [no]v) +.IP "\fB[no]ignoretc\fP" +Ignore packet truncation errors. +.br +(Default = noignoretc, abbreviation = [no]ig) +.RE +.SH DIAGNOSTICS +If the lookup request was not successful, an error message is printed. +Possible errors are: +.IP "Timed out" 5 +The server did not respond to a request after a certain amount of +time (changed with \fBset timeout=\fIvalue\fR) +and a certain number of retries (changed with \fBset retry=\fIvalue\fR). +.IP "No response from server" 5 +No name server is running on the server machine. +.IP "No records" 5 +The server does not have resource records of the current query type for the +host, although the host name is valid. +The query type is specified with the \fBset querytype\fP command. +.IP "Non-existent domain" 5 +The host or domain name does not exist. +.IP "Connection refused" 5 +.ns +.IP "Network is unreachable" 5 +The connection to the name or finger server could not be made +at the current time. +This error commonly occurs with \fBls\fP and \fBfinger\fP requests. +.IP "Server failure" 5 +The name server found an internal inconsistency in its database +and could not return a valid answer. +.IP "Refused" 5 +The name server refused to service the request. +.IP "Format error" 5 +The name server found that the request packet was not in the proper format. +It may indicate an error in \fInslookup\fP. +.sp 1 +.SH FILES +.ta \w'/usr/share/misc/nslookup.helpXXX'u +/etc/resolv.conf initial domain name and + name server addresses. +.br +$HOME/.nslookuprc user's initial options. +.br +/usr/share/misc/nslookup.help summary of commands. +.SH ENVIRONMENT +.ta \w'HOSTALIASESXXXX'u +HOSTALIASES file containing host aliases. +.br +LOCALDOMAIN overrides default domain. +.SH SEE ALSO +resolver(@LIB_NETWORK_EXT@), resolver(@FORMAT_EXT@), @INDOT@named(@SYS_OPS_EXT@), +.br +RFC-1034 ``Domain Names \- Concepts and Facilities'' +.br +RFC-1035 ``Domain Names \- Implementation and Specification'' +.SH AUTHOR +Andrew Cherenson |
