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-.\" Copyright (c) 1985, 1990, 1993
-.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
-.\"
-.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
-.\" Edward Wang at The University of California, Berkeley.
-.\"
-.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
-.\" are met:
-.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
-.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
-.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
-.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
-.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
-.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
-.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
-.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
-.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
-.\" without specific prior written permission.
-.\"
-.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
-.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
-.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
-.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
-.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
-.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
-.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
-.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
-.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
-.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
-.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
-.\"
-.\" @(#)window.1 8.2 (Berkeley) 12/30/93
-.\" $FreeBSD$
-.\"
-.Dd December 30, 1993
-.Dt WINDOW 1
-.Os
-.Sh NAME
-.Nm window
-.Nd window environment
-.Sh SYNOPSIS
-.Nm
-.Op Fl t
-.Op Fl f
-.Op Fl d
-.Op Fl e Ar escape-char
-.Op Fl c Ar command
-.Sh DESCRIPTION
-The
-.Nm
-utility implements a window environment on
-.Tn ASCII
-terminals.
-.Pp
-A window is a rectangular portion of the physical terminal
-screen associated with a set of processes.
-Its size and
-position can be changed by the user at any time.
-Processes
-communicate with their window in the same way they normally
-interact with a terminal\-through their standard input, output,
-and diagnostic file descriptors.
-The window program handles the
-details of redirecting input and output to and from the
-windows.
-At any one time, only one window can receive
-input from the keyboard, but all windows can simultaneously send output
-to the display.
-.Pp
-When
-.Nm
-starts up, the commands (see long commands below)
-contained in the file
-.Pa .windowrc
-in the user's home directory are
-executed.
-If it does not exist, two equal sized windows spanning
-the terminal screen are created by default.
-.Pp
-The command line options are
-.Bl -tag -width Fl
-.It Fl t
-Turn on terse mode (see
-.Ic terse
-command below).
-.It Fl f
-Fast.
-Do not perform any startup action.
-.It Fl d
-Ignore
-.Pa .windowrc
-and create the two default
-windows instead.
-.It Fl e Ar escape-char
-Set the escape character to
-.Ar escape-char .
-.Ar Escape-char
-can be a single character, or in the form
-.Ic ^X
-where
-.Ar X
-is any character, meaning
-.No control\- Ns Ar X .
-.It Fl c Ar command
-Execute the string
-.Ar command
-as a long command (see below)
-before doing anything else.
-.El
-.Pp
-Windows can overlap and are framed as necessary.
-Each window
-is named by one of the digits ``1'' to ``9''.
-This one-character
-identifier, as well as a user definable label string, are displayed
-with the window on the top edge of its frame.
-A window can be
-designated to be in the
-.Ar foreground ,
-in which case it will always be
-on top of all normal, non-foreground windows, and can be covered
-only by other foreground windows.
-A window need not be completely
-within the edges of the terminal screen.
-Thus a large window
-(possibly larger than the screen) may be positioned to show only
-a portion of its full size.
-.Pp
-Each window has a cursor and a set of control functions.
-Most intelligent
-terminal operations such as line and
-character deletion and insertion are supported.
-Display modes
-such as underlining and reverse video are available if they are
-supported by the terminal.
-In addition,
-similar to terminals with multiple pages of memory,
-each window has a text buffer which can have more lines than the window
-itself.
-.Ss Process Environment
-With each newly created window, a shell program is spawned with its
-process environment tailored to that window.
-Its standard input,
-output, and diagnostic file descriptors are bound to one end of either
-a pseudo-terminal (see
-.Xr pty 4 )
-or a
-.Ux
-domain socket (see
-.Xr socketpair 2 ) .
-If a pseudo-terminal is used, then its special
-characters and modes (see
-.Xr stty 1 )
-are copied from the physical
-terminal.
-A
-.Xr termcap 5
-entry tailored to this window is created
-and passed as environment (see
-.Xr environ 7 )
-variable
-.Ev TERMCAP .
-The termcap entry contains the window's size and
-characteristics as well as information from the physical terminal,
-such as the existence of underline, reverse video, and other display
-modes, and the codes produced by the terminal's function keys,
-if any.
-In addition, the window size attributes of the pseudo-terminal
-are set to reflect the size of this window, and updated whenever
-it is changed by the user.
-In particular, the editor
-.Xr vi 1
-uses
-this information to redraw its display.
-.Ss Operation
-During normal execution,
-.Nm
-can be in one of two states:
-conversation mode and command mode.
-In conversation mode, the
-terminal's real cursor is placed at the cursor position of a particular
-window--called the current window--and input from the keyboard is sent
-to the process in that window.
-The current window is always
-on top of all other windows, except those in foreground.
-In addition,
-it is set apart by highlighting its identifier and label in reverse video.
-.Pp
-Typing
-.Nm Ns 's
-escape character (normally
-.Ic ^P )
-in conversation
-mode switches it into command mode.
-In command mode, the top line of
-the terminal screen becomes the command prompt window, and
-.Nm
-interprets input from the keyboard as commands to manipulate windows.
-.Pp
-There are two types of commands: short commands are usually one or two
-key strokes; long commands are strings either typed by the user in the
-command window (see the
-.Dq Ic \&:
-command below), or read from a file (see
-.Ic source
-below).
-.Ss Short Commands
-Below,
-.Ar \&#
-represents one of the digits ``1'' to ``9''
-corresponding to the windows 1 to 9.
-.Ic ^X
-means
-.No control\- Ns Ar X ,
-where
-.Ar X
-is any character.
-In particular,
-.Ic ^^
-is
-.Li control\-^ .
-.Ar Escape
-is the escape key, or
-.Ic ^\&[ .
-.Bl -tag -width Ds
-.It Ar #
-Select window
-.Ar #
-as the current window
-and return to conversation mode.
-.It Ic \&% Ns Ar #
-Select window
-.Ar #
-but stay in command mode.
-.It Ic ^^
-Select the previous window and return to conversation
-mode.
-This is useful for toggling between two windows.
-.It Ic escape
-Return to conversation mode.
-.It Ic ^P
-Return to conversation mode and write
-.Ic ^P
-to the
-current window.
-Thus, typing two
-.Ic ^P Ns 's
-in conversation
-mode sends one to the current window.
-If the
-.Nm
-escape is changed to some other character, that
-character takes the place of
-.Ic ^P
-here.
-.It Ic \&?
-List a short summary of commands.
-.It Ic ^L
-Refresh the screen.
-.It Ic q
-Exit
-.Nm .
-Confirmation is requested.
-.It Ic ^Z
-Suspend
-.Nm .
-.It Ic w
-Create a new window.
-The user is prompted for the positions
-of the upper left and lower right corners of the window.
-The cursor is placed on the screen and the keys ``h'', ``j'',
-``k'', and ``l''
-move the cursor left, down, up, and right, respectively.
-The keys ``H'', ``J'', ``K'', and ``L'' move the cursor to the respective
-limits of the screen.
-Typing a number before the movement keys
-repeats the movement that number of times.
-Return enters the cursor position
-as the upper left corner of the window.
-The lower right corner
-is entered in the same manner.
-During this process,
-the placement of the new window is indicated by a rectangular
-box drawn on the screen, corresponding to where the new window
-will be framed.
-Typing escape at any point
-cancels this command.
-.Pp
-This window becomes the current window,
-and is given the first available ID.
-The default buffer size
-is used (see
-.Ar default_nline
-command below).
-.Pp
-Only fully visible windows can be created this way.
-.It Ic c Ns Ar #
-Close window
-.Ar # .
-The process in the window is sent
-the hangup signal (see
-.Xr kill 1 ) .
-The
-.Xr csh 1
-utility should
-handle this signal correctly and cause no problems.
-.It Ic m Ns Ar #
-Move window
-.Ar #
-to another location.
-A box in the shape
-of the window is drawn on
-the screen to indicate the new position of the window, and the same keys as
-those for the
-.Ic w
-command are used to position the box.
-The
-window can be moved partially off-screen.
-.It Ic M Ns Ar #
-Move window
-.Ar #
-to its previous position.
-.It Ic s Ns Ar #
-Change the size of window
-.Ar # .
-The user is prompted
-to enter the new lower right corner of the window.
-A box
-is drawn to indicate the new window size.
-The same
-keys used in
-.Ic w
-and
-.Ic m
-are used to enter the position.
-.It Ic S Ns Ar #
-Change window
-.Ar #
-to its previous size.
-.It Ic ^Y
-Scroll the current window up by one line.
-.It Ic ^E
-Scroll the current window down by one line.
-.It Ic ^U
-Scroll the current window up by half the window size.
-.It Ic ^D
-Scroll the current window down by half the window size.
-.It Ic ^B
-Scroll the current window up by the full window size.
-.It Ic ^F
-Scroll the current window down by the full window size.
-.It Ic h
-Move the cursor of the current window left by one column.
-.It Ic j
-Move the cursor of the current window down by one line.
-.It Ic k
-Move the cursor of the current window up by one line.
-.It Ic l
-Move the cursor of the current window right by one column.
-.It Ic y
-Yank.
-The user is prompted to enter two points within the current
-window.
-Then the content of the current window between those two points
-is saved in the yank buffer.
-.It Ic p
-Put.
-The content of the yank buffer is written to the current
-window as input.
-.It Ic ^S
-Stop output in the current window.
-.It Ic ^Q
-Start output in the current window.
-.It Ic :
-Enter a line to be executed as long commands.
-Normal line
-editing characters (erase character, erase word, erase line)
-are supported.
-.El
-.Ss Long Commands
-Long commands are a sequence of statements
-parsed much like a programming language, with a syntax
-similar to that of C.
-Numeric and string expressions and variables
-are supported, as well as conditional statements.
-.Pp
-There are two data types: string and number.
-A string is a sequence
-of letters or digits beginning with a letter.
-``_'' and ``.'' are
-considered letters.
-Alternately, non-alphanumeric characters can
-be included in strings by quoting them in ``"'' or escaping them
-with ``\\''.
-In addition, the ``\\'' sequences of C are supported,
-both inside and outside quotes (e.g., ``\\n'' is a new line,
-``\\r'' a carriage return).
-For example, these are legal strings:
-abcde01234, "&#$^*&#", ab"$#"cd, ab\\$\\#cd, "/usr/ucb/window".
-.Pp
-A number is an integer value in one of three forms:
-a decimal number, an octal number preceded by ``0'',
-or a hexadecimal number preceded by ``0x'' or ``0X''.
-The natural
-machine integer size is used (i.e., the signed integer type
-of the C compiler).
-As in C, a non-zero number represents
-a boolean true.
-.Pp
-The character ``#'' begins a comment which terminates at the
-end of the line.
-.Pp
-A statement is either a conditional or an expression.
-Expression
-statements are terminated with a new line or ``;''.
-To continue
-an expression on the next line, terminate the first line with ``\\''.
-.Ss Conditional Statement
-The
-.Nm
-utility has a single control structure:
-the fully bracketed if statement in the form
-.Pp
-.Bd -literal -offset indent -compact
-if <expr> then
-\t<statement>
-\t...
-elsif <expr> then
-\t<statement>
-\t...
-else
-\t<statement>
-\t...
-endif
-.Ed
-.Pp
-The
-.Ic else
-and
-.Ic elsif
-parts are optional, and the latter can
-be repeated any number of times.
-<Expr>
-must be numeric.
-.Ss Expressions
-Expressions in
-.Nm
-are similar to those in the
-C language, with most C operators supported on numeric
-operands.
-In addition, some are overloaded to operate on strings.
-.Pp
-When an expression is used as a statement, its value is discarded
-after evaluation.
-Therefore, only expressions with side
-effects (assignments and function calls) are useful as statements.
-.Pp
-Single valued (no arrays) variables are supported, of both
-numeric and string values.
-Some variables are predefined.
-They
-are listed below.
-.Pp
-The operators in order of increasing precedence:
-.Bl -tag -width Fl
-.It Xo
-.Aq Va expr1
-.Ic =
-.Aq Va expr2
-.Xc
-Assignment.
-The variable of name
-.Aq Va expr1 ,
-which must be string valued,
-is assigned the result of
-.Aq Va expr2 .
-Returns the value of
-.Aq Va expr2 .
-.It Xo
-.Aq Va expr1
-.Ic \&?
-.Aq Va expr2
-.Ic :
-.Aq Va expr3
-.Xc
-Returns the value of
-.Aq Va expr2
-if
-.Aq Va expr1
-evaluates true
-(non-zero numeric value); returns the value of
-.Aq Va expr3
-otherwise.
-Only
-one of
-.Aq Va expr2
-and
-.Aq Va expr3
-is evaluated.
-.Aq Va Expr1
-must
-be numeric.
-.It Xo
-.Aq Va expr1
-.Ic \&|\&|
-.Aq Va expr2
-.Xc
-Logical or.
-Numeric values only.
-Short circuit evaluation is supported
-(i.e., if
-.Aq Va expr1
-evaluates true, then
-.Aq Va expr2
-is not evaluated).
-.It Xo
-.Aq Va expr1
-.Ic \&&\&&
-.Aq Va expr2
-.Xc
-Logical and with short circuit evaluation.
-Numeric values only.
-.It Xo
-.Aq Va expr1
-.Ic \&|
-.Aq Va expr2
-.Xc
-Bitwise or.
-Numeric values only.
-.It Xo
-.Aq Va expr1
-.Ic ^
-.Aq Va expr2
-.Xc
-Bitwise exclusive or.
-Numeric values only.
-.It Xo
-.Aq Va expr1
-.Ic \&&
-.Aq Va expr2
-.Xc
-Bitwise and.
-Numeric values only.
-.It Xo
-.Aq Va expr1
-.Ic ==
-.Aq Va expr2 ,
-.Aq Va expr1
-.Ic !=
-.Aq expr2
-.Xc
-Comparison (equal and not equal, respectively).
-The boolean
-result (either 1 or 0) of the comparison is returned.
-The
-operands can be numeric or string valued.
-One string operand
-forces the other to be converted to a string in necessary.
-.It Xo
-.Aq Va expr1
-.Ic <
-.Aq Va expr2 ,
-.Aq Va expr1
-.Ic >
-.Aq Va expr2 ,
-.Aq Va expr1
-.Ic <=
-.Aq Va expr2 ,
-.Xc
-Less than, greater than, less than or equal to,
-greater than or equal to.
-Both numeric and string values, with
-automatic conversion as above.
-.It Xo
-.Aq Va expr1
-.Ic <<
-.Aq Va expr2 ,
-.Aq Va expr1
-.Ic >>
-.Aq Va expr2
-.Xc
-If both operands are numbers,
-.Aq Va expr1
-is bit
-shifted left (or right) by
-.Aq Va expr2
-bits.
-If
-.Aq Va expr1
-is
-a string, then its first (or last)
-.Aq Va expr2
-characters are
-returns (if
-.Aq Va expr2
-is also a string, then its length is used
-in place of its value).
-.It Xo
-.Aq Va expr1
-.Ic +
-.Aq Va expr2 ,
-.Aq Va expr1
-.Ic -
-.Aq Va expr2
-.Xc
-Addition and subtraction on numbers.
-For ``+'', if one
-argument is a string, then the other is converted to a string,
-and the result is the concatenation of the two strings.
-.It Xo
-.Aq Va expr1
-.Ic \&*
-.Aq Va expr2 ,
-.Aq Va expr1
-.Ic \&/
-.Aq Va expr2 ,
-.Aq Va expr1
-.Ic \&%
-.Aq Va expr2
-.Xc
-Multiplication, division, modulo.
-Numbers only.
-.It Xo
-.Ic \- Ns Aq Va expr ,
-.Ic ~ Ns Aq Va expr ,
-.Ic \&! Ns Aq Va expr ,
-.Ic \&$ Ns Aq Va expr ,
-.Ic \&$? Ns Aq Va expr
-.Xc
-The first three are unary minus, bitwise complement and logical complement
-on numbers only.
-The operator, ``$'', takes
-.Aq Va expr
-and returns
-the value of the variable of that name.
-If
-.Aq Va expr
-is numeric
-with value
-.Ar n
-and it appears within an alias macro (see below),
-then it refers to the nth argument of the alias invocation.
-``$?''
-tests for the existence of the variable
-.Aq Va expr ,
-and returns 1
-if it exists or 0 otherwise.
-.It Xo
-.Ao Va expr Ac Ns Pq Aq Ar arglist
-.Xc
-Function call.
-.Aq Va Expr
-must be a string that is the unique
-prefix of the name of a builtin
-.Nm
-function
-or the full name of a user defined alias macro.
-In the case of a builtin
-function,
-.Aq Ar arglist
-can be in one of two forms:
-.Bd -literal -offset indent
-<expr1>, <expr2>, ...
-argname1 = <expr1>, argname2 = <expr2>, ...
-.Ed
-.Pp
-The two forms can in fact be intermixed, but the result is
-unpredictable.
-Most arguments can be omitted; default values will
-be supplied for them.
-The
-.Ar argnames
-can be unique prefixes
-of the argument names.
-The commas separating
-arguments are used only to disambiguate, and can usually be omitted.
-.Pp
-Only the first argument form is valid for user defined aliases.
-Aliases
-are defined using the
-.Ic alias
-builtin function (see below).
-Arguments
-are accessed via a variant of the variable mechanism (see ``$'' operator
-above).
-.Pp
-Most functions return value, but some are used for side effect
-only and so must be used as statements.
-When a function or an alias is used
-as a statement, the parentheses surrounding
-the argument list may be omitted.
-Aliases return no value.
-.El
-.Ss Builtin Functions
-The arguments are listed by name in their natural
-order.
-Optional arguments are in square brackets
-.Sq Op .
-Arguments
-that have no names are in angle brackets
-.Sq <> .
-An argument meant to be a boolean flag (often named
-.Ar flag )
-can be one of
-.Ar on ,
-.Ar off ,
-.Ar yes ,
-.Ar no ,
-.Ar true ,
-or
-.Ar false ,
-with
-obvious meanings, or it can be a numeric expression,
-in which case a non-zero value is true.
-.Bl -tag -width Fl
-.It Ic alias Ns Po
-.Bq Aq Ar string ,
-.Bq Aq Ar string\-list
-.Pc
-If no argument is given, all currently defined alias macros are
-listed.
-Otherwise,
-.Aq Ar string
-is defined as an alias,
-with expansion
-.Aq Ar string\-list > .
-The previous definition of
-.Aq Ar string ,
-if any, is returned.
-Default for
-.Aq Ar string\-list
-is no change.
-.It Ic close Ns Pq Aq Ar window\-list
-Close the windows specified in
-.Aq Ar window\-list .
-If
-.Aq Ar window\-list
-is the word
-.Ar all ,
-than all windows are closed.
-No value is returned.
-.It Ic cursormodes Ns Pq Bq Ar modes
-Set the window cursor to
-.Ar modes .
-.Ar Modes
-is the bitwise
-or of the mode bits defined as the variables
-.Ar m_ul
-(underline),
-.Ar m_rev
-(reverse video),
-.Ar m_blk
-(blinking),
-and
-.Ar m_grp
-(graphics, terminal dependent).
-Return
-value is the previous modes.
-Default is no change.
-For example,
-.Li cursor($m_rev$m_blk)
-sets the window cursors to blinking
-reverse video.
-.It Ic default_nline Ns Pq Bq Ar nline
-Set the default buffer size to
-.Ar nline .
-Initially, it is
-48 lines.
-Returns the old default buffer size.
-Default is
-no change.
-Using a very large buffer can slow the program down
-considerably.
-.It Ic default_shell Ns Pq Bq Aq Ar string\-list
-Set the default window shell program to
-.Aq Ar string\-list .
-Returns
-the first string in the old shell setting.
-Default is no change.
-Initially,
-the default shell is taken from the environment variable
-.Ev SHELL .
-.It Ic default_smooth Ns Pq Bq Ar flag
-Set the default value of the
-.Ar smooth
-argument
-to the command
-.Nm
-(see below).
-The argument
-is a boolean flag (one of
-.Ar on ,
-.Ar off ,
-.Ar yes ,
-.Ar no ,
-.Ar true ,
-.Ar false ,
-or a number,
-as described above).
-Default is no change.
-The old value (as a number) is returned.
-The initial value is 1 (true).
-.It Xo
-.Ic echo Ns ( Op Ar window ,
-.Bq Aq Ar string\-list )
-.Xc
-Write the list of strings,
-.Aq Ar string-list ,
-to
-.Nm ,
-separated
-by spaces and terminated with a new line.
-The strings are only
-displayed in the window, the processes in the window are not
-involved (see
-.Ic write
-below).
-No value is returned.
-Default
-is the current window.
-.It Ic escape Ns Pq Bq Ar escapec
-Set the escape character to
-.Ar escape-char .
-Returns the old
-escape character as a one-character string.
-Default is no
-change.
-.Ar Escapec
-can be a string of a single character, or
-in the form
-.Fl ^X ,
-meaning
-.No control\- Ns Ar X .
-.It Xo
-.Ic foreground Ns ( Bq Ar window ,
-.Bq Ar flag )
-.Xc
-Move
-.Nm
-in or out of foreground.
-.Ar Flag
-is a boolean value.
-The old foreground flag
-is returned.
-Default for
-.Nm
-is the current window,
-default for
-.Ar flag
-is no change.
-.It Xo
-.Ic label Ns ( Bq Ar window ,
-.Bq Ar label )
-.Xc
-Set the label of
-.Nm
-to
-.Ar label .
-Returns the old
-label as a string.
-Default for
-.Nm
-is the current
-window, default for
-.Ar label
-is no change.
-To turn
-off a label, set it to an empty string ("").
-.It Ic list Ns Pq
-No arguments.
-List the identifiers and labels of all windows.
-No
-value is returned.
-.It Ic select Ns Pq Bq Ar window
-Make
-.Nm
-the current window.
-The previous current window
-is returned.
-Default is no change.
-.It Ic source Ns Pq Ar filename
-Read and execute the long commands in
-.Ar filename .
-Returns \-1 if the file cannot be read, 0 otherwise.
-.It Ic terse Ns Pq Bq flag
-Set terse mode to
-.Ar flag .
-In terse mode, the command window
-stays hidden even in command mode, and errors are reported by
-sounding the terminal's bell.
-.Ar Flag
-can take on the same
-values as in
-.Ar foreground
-above.
-Returns the old terse flag.
-Default is no change.
-.It Ic unalias Ns Pq Ar alias
-Undefine
-.Ar alias .
-Returns -1 if
-.Ar alias
-does not exist,
-0 otherwise.
-.It Ic unset Ns Pq Ar variable
-Undefine
-.Ar variable .
-Returns -1 if
-.Ar variable
-does not exist,
-0 otherwise.
-.It Ic variables Ns Pq
-No arguments.
-List all variables.
-No value is returned.
-.It Xo
-.Ic window Ns ( Bq Ar row ,
-.Bq Ar column ,
-.Bq Ar nrow ,
-.Bq Ar ncol ,
-.Bq Ar nline ,
-.Bq Ar label ,
-.Bq Ar pty ,
-.Bq Ar frame ,
-.Bq Ar mapnl ,
-.Bq Ar keepopen ,
-.Bq Ar smooth ,
-.Bq Ar shell ) .
-.Xc
-Open a window with upper left corner at
-.Ar row ,
-.Ar column
-and size
-.Ar nrow ,
-.Ar ncol .
-If
-.Ar nline
-is specified,
-then that many lines are allocated for the text buffer.
-Otherwise,
-the default buffer size is used.
-Default values for
-.Ar row ,
-.Ar column ,
-.Ar nrow ,
-and
-.Ar ncol
-are, respectively,
-the upper, left-most, lower, or right-most extremes of the
-screen.
-.Ar Label
-is the label string.
-.Ar Frame ,
-.Ar pty ,
-and
-.Ar mapnl
-are flag values
-interpreted in the same way as the argument to
-.Ar foreground
-(see above);
-they mean, respectively, put a frame around this window (default true),
-allocate pseudo-terminal for this window rather than socketpair (default
-true), and map new line characters in this window to carriage return
-and line feed (default true if socketpair is used, false otherwise).
-Normally, a window is automatically closed when its process
-exits.
-Setting
-.Ar keepopen
-to true (default false) prevents this
-action.
-When
-.Ar smooth
-is true, the screen is updated more frequently
-(for this window) to produce a more terminal-like behavior.
-The default value of
-.Ar smooth
-is set by the
-.Ar default_smooth
-command (see above).
-.Ar Shell
-is a list of strings that will be used as the shell
-program to place in the window (default is the program specified
-by
-.Ar default_shell ,
-see above).
-The created window's identifier
-is returned as a number.
-.It Xo
-.Ic write Ns ( Bq Ar window ,
-.Bq Aq Ar string\-list )
-.Xc
-Send the list of strings,
-.Aq Ar string-list ,
-to
-.Nm ,
-separated
-by spaces but not terminated with a new line.
-The strings are actually
-given to the window as input.
-No value is returned.
-Default
-is the current window.
-.El
-.Ss Predefined Variables
-These variables are for information only.
-Redefining them does
-not affect the internal operation of
-.Nm .
-.Bl -tag -width modes
-.It Ar baud
-The baud rate as a number between 50 and 38400.
-.It Ar modes
-The display modes (reverse video, underline, blinking, graphics)
-supported by the physical terminal.
-The value of
-.Ar modes
-is the bitwise or of some of the one bit values,
-.Ar m_blk ,
-.Ar m_grp ,
-.Ar m_rev ,
-and
-.Ar m_ul
-(see below).
-These values are useful
-in setting the window cursors' modes (see
-.Ar cursormodes
-above).
-.It Ar m_blk
-The blinking mode bit.
-.It Ar m_grp
-The graphics mode bit (not very useful).
-.It Ar m_rev
-The reverse video mode bit.
-.It Ar m_ul
-The underline mode bit.
-.It Ar ncol
-The number of columns on the physical screen.
-.It Ar nrow
-The number of rows on the physical screen.
-.It Ar term
-The terminal type.
-The standard name, found in the second name
-field of the terminal's
-.Ev TERMCAP
-entry, is used.
-.El
-.Sh ENVIRONMENT
-The
-.Nm
-utility utilizes these environment variables:
-.Ev HOME ,
-.Ev SHELL ,
-.Ev TERM ,
-.Ev TERMCAP ,
-.Ev WINDOW_ID .
-.Sh FILES
-.Bl -tag -width /dev/[pt]ty[pq]? -compact
-.It Pa ~/.windowrc
-startup command file.
-.It Pa /dev/[pt]ty[pq]?
-pseudo-terminal devices.
-.El
-.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
-Should be self explanatory.
-.Sh HISTORY
-The
-.Nm
-command appeared in
-.Bx 4.3 .
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