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diff --git a/usr.bin/grep/egrep/grep.1 b/usr.bin/grep/egrep/grep.1 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..771cc8c --- /dev/null +++ b/usr.bin/grep/egrep/grep.1 @@ -0,0 +1,250 @@ +.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1990, 1993 +.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. +.\" +.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without +.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions +.\" are met: +.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright +.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. +.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright +.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the +.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. +.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software +.\" must display the following acknowledgement: +.\" This product includes software developed by the University of +.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. +.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors +.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software +.\" without specific prior written permission. +.\" +.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND +.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE +.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE +.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE +.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL +.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS +.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) +.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT +.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY +.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF +.\" SUCH DAMAGE. +.\" +.\" @(#)grep.1 8.3 (Berkeley) 4/18/94 +.\" +.Dd April 18, 1994 +.Dt GREP 1 +.Os +.Sh NAME +.Nm grep +.Nd file pattern searcher +.Sh SYNOPSIS +.Nm grep +.Op Fl bchilnosvw +.Op Fl e Ar pattern +.Op Ar +.Nm egrep +.Op Fl bchilnosv +.Op Fl e Ar pattern +.Op Fl f Ar pattern_file +.Op Ar +.Nm fgrep +.Op Fl bchilnosvx +.Op Fl e Ar pattern +.Op Fl f Ar pattern_file +.Op Ar +.Sh DESCRIPTION +The +.Nm grep +utilities search the given input files selecting lines +which match one or more patterns; the type of patterns is controlled +by the options specified. +By default, a pattern +matches an input line if any regular expression (RE) in the +pattern matches the input line without its trailing <new-line>. +A null RE matches every line. +Each input line that matches at +least one of the patterns is written to the standard output. +.Pp +For simple patterns or +.Xr ex 1 +or +.Xr ed 1 +style regular expressions, the +.Nm grep +utility is used. +The +.Nm egrep +utility +can handle extended regular expressions and +embedded <newline>s in patterns. +The +.Nm fgrep +utility is quick but can handle only fixed strings. +A fixed string +is a string of characters, +each character +is matched only by itself. +The pattern +value can consist of multiple lines with +embedded <newline>s. +In this case, the <newline>s +act as alternation characters, allowing any of the +pattern lines to match a portion of the input. +.Pp +The following options are available: +.Pp +.Bl -tag -width indent +.It Fl b +The block number on the disk in which a matched pattern is located +is displayed in front of the respective matched line. +.It Fl c +Only a count of selected lines is written to standard +output. +.It Fl e Ar expression +Specify a pattern used during the search of the +input. +Multiple +.Fl e +options can be used to specify +multiple patterns; an input line is selected if it +matches any of the specified patterns. +.It Fl f Ar pattern_file +The pattern is read from the file named by the +pathname pattern_file. +Trailing newlines +in the pattern_file are ignored. +.Pf ( Nm Egrep +and +.Nm fgrep +only). +.It Fl h +Never print filename headers with output lines. +.It Fl i +The case of letters is ignored in making comparisons \- that is, upper and +lower case are considered identical. +.It Fl l +Only the names of files containing selected lines +are written to standard output. +Pathnames are +listed once per file searched. +If the standard +input is searched, the pathname +.Sq Fl +is written. +.It Fl n +Each output line is preceded by its relative line +number in the file; each file starting at line 1. +The line number counter is reset for each file processed. +This option is ignored if +.Fl c , +.Fl l , +or +.Fl s +is +specified. +.It Fl o +Always print filename headers with output lines. +.It Fl s +Silent mode. Nothing is printed (except error messages). +This is useful for checking the error status. +.It Fl v +Selected lines are those +.Em not +matching the specified +patterns. +.It Fl x +Only input lines selected against an entire fixed +string or regular expression are considered to be +matching lines. +.Pf ( Nm Fgrep +only). +.It Fl w +The expression is searched for as a word +(as if surrounded by `\e<' and `\e>', see +.Xr ex 1 . ) +.Pf ( Nm Grep +only) +.Pp +.El +If no file arguments are specified, the +standard input is used. +.Pp +The +.Nm grep +utility exits with one of the following values: +.Pp +.Bl -tag -width flag -compact +.It Li 0 +One or more lines were selected. +.It Li 1 +No lines were selected. +.It Li >1 +An error occurred. +.El +.Sh EXTENDED REGULAR EXPRESSIONS +The following characters are interpreted by +.Nm egrep : +.Pp +.Bl -tag -width flag -compact +.It Cm \&$ +Align the match from the end of the line. +.It Cm \&^ +Align the match from the beginning of the line. +.It Cm \&| +Add another pattern (see example below). +.It Cm \&? +Match 1 or less sequential repetitions of the pattern. +.It Cm \&+ +Match 1 or more sequential repetitions of the pattern. +.It Cm \&* +Match 0 or more sequential repetitions of the pattern. +.It Cm \&[] +Match any single character or range of characters +enclosed in the brackets. +.It Cm \&\e +Escape special characters which have meaning to +.Nm egrep , +the set of {$,.,^,[,],|,?,+,*,(,)}. +.El +.Sh EXAMPLES +To find all occurrences of the word patricia in a file: +.Pp +.Dl grep patricia myfile +.Pp +To find all occurrences of the pattern +.Ql \&.Pp +at the beginning of a line: +.Pp +.Dl grep '^\e.Pp' +.Pp +The apostrophes assure the entire expression is evaluated by +.Nm grep +instead of by the +users shell. +The carat or hat +.Ql Li \&^ +means +.Em from the beginning of a line , +and the +.Ql Li \&\e +escapes the +.Ql Li \&. +which would otherwise match any character. +.Pp +A simple example of an extended regular expression: +.Pp +.Dl egrep '19|20|25' calendar +.Pp +Peruses the file calendar looking for either 19, 20 +or 25. +.Sh SEE ALSO +.Xr ed 1 , +.Xr ex 1 , +.Xr sed 1 +.Sh HISTORY +The +.Nm grep +command appeared in +.At v6 . +.Sh BUGS +Lines are limited to 256 characters; longer lines are truncated. |
