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+.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993
+.\"	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
+.\"
+.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+.\" are met:
+.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+.\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
+.\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+.\"    without specific prior written permission.
+.\"
+.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+.\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
+.\"
+.\"     From: @(#)group.5	8.3 (Berkeley) 4/19/94
+.\" $FreeBSD$
+.\"
+.Dd February 8, 2013
+.Dt GROUP 5
+.Os
+.Sh NAME
+.Nm group
+.Nd format of the group permissions file
+.Sh DESCRIPTION
+The
+.Nm
+file is the local source of group information.
+It can be used in conjunction with the Hesiod domain
+`group', and the NIS maps `group.byname' and `group.bygid',
+as controlled by
+.Xr nsswitch.conf 5 .
+.Pp
+The file
+.Nm
+consists of newline separated
+.Tn ASCII
+records, one per group, containing four colon
+.Ql \&:
+separated fields.
+These fields are as follows:
+.Bl -tag -width password -offset indent -compact
+.It group
+Name of the group.
+.It passwd
+Group's
+.Em encrypted
+password.
+.It gid
+The group's decimal ID.
+.It member
+Group members.
+.El
+.Pp
+Lines whose first non-whitespace character is a pound-sign (#)
+are comments, and are ignored.
+Blank lines that consist
+only of spaces, tabs or newlines are also ignored.
+.Pp
+The
+.Ar group
+field is the group name used for granting file access to users
+who are members of the group.
+The
+.Ar gid
+field is the number associated with the group name.
+They should both be unique across the system (and often
+across a group of systems) since they control file access.
+The
+.Ar passwd
+field
+is an optional
+.Em encrypted
+password.
+This field is rarely used
+and an asterisk is normally placed in it rather than leaving it blank.
+The
+.Ar member
+field contains the names of users granted the privileges of
+.Ar group .
+The member names are separated by commas without spaces or newlines.
+A user is automatically in a group if that group was specified
+in their
+.Pa /etc/passwd
+entry and does not need to be added to that group in the
+.Nm
+file.
+.\" .Pp
+.\" When the system reads the file
+.\" .Pa /etc/group
+.\" the fields are read into the structure
+.\" .Fa group
+.\" declared in
+.\" .In grp.h :
+.\" .Bd -literal -offset indent
+.\" struct group {
+.\"	char    *gr_name;        /* group name */
+.\"	char    *gr_passwd;      /* group password */
+.\"	int     gr_gid;          /* group id */
+.\"	char    **gr_mem;        /* group members */
+.\" };
+.\" .Ed
+.Sh IMPLEMENTATION NOTES
+The
+.Xr passwd 1
+command does not change the
+.Nm
+passwords.
+The
+.Xr pw 8
+utility's
+.Cm groupmod
+command should be used instead.
+.Sh LIMITS
+There are various limitations which are explained in
+the function where they occur; see section
+.Sx SEE ALSO .
+.Pp
+In older implementations,
+a group cannot have more than 200 members.
+The maximum line length of
+.Pa /etc/group
+is 1024 characters.
+Longer lines will be skipped.
+This limitation disappeared in
+.Fx 3.0 .
+Older binaries that are statically linked, depend on old
+shared libraries, or
+.No non- Ns Fx
+binaries in compatibility mode
+may still have this limit.
+.Sh FILES
+.Bl -tag -width /etc/group -compact
+.It Pa /etc/group
+.El
+.Sh SEE ALSO
+.Xr newgrp 1 ,
+.Xr passwd 1 ,
+.Xr setgroups 2 ,
+.Xr crypt 3 ,
+.Xr getgrent 3 ,
+.Xr initgroups 3 ,
+.Xr nsswitch.conf 5 ,
+.Xr passwd 5 ,
+.Xr chkgrp 8 ,
+.Xr pw 8 ,
+.Xr yp 8
+.Sh HISTORY
+A
+.Nm
+file format appeared in
+.At v6 .
+Support for comments first appeared in
+.Fx 3.0 .