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diff --git a/share/doc/handbook/isdn.sgml b/share/doc/handbook/isdn.sgml deleted file mode 100644 index f3f51bf..0000000 --- a/share/doc/handbook/isdn.sgml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,226 +0,0 @@ -<!-- $Id$--> -<!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project --> - -<sect><heading>ISDN<label id="isdn"></heading> - -<p><em>Last modified by &a.wlloyd;</em>. - -<p>A good resource for information on ISDN technology and hardware is -<url url="http://alumni.caltech.edu/~dank/isdn/" name="Dan Kegel's -ISDN Page">. - -A quick simple roadmap to ISDN follows: -<itemize> -<item>If you live in Europe I suggest you investigate the ISDN card -section. - -<item>If you are planning to use ISDN primarily to connect to the -Internet with an Internet Provider on a dialup non-dedicated basis, I -suggest you look into Terminal Adapters. This will give you the most -flexibility, with the fewest problems, if you change providers. - -<item>If you are connecting two lans together, or connecting to the -Internet with a dedicated ISDN connection, I suggest you consider the -stand alone router/bridge option. -</itemize> - -<p>Cost is a significant factor in determining what solution you will -choose. The following options are listed from least expensive to most -expensive. - -<sect1><heading>ISDN Cards</heading> - -<p><em>Original Contribution by &a.hm;.</em> - -<p>This section is really only relevant to European ISDN users. The -cards supported are not yet(?) available for North American ISDN -standards. - -<p>You should be aware that this code is largely under development. -Specifically, drivers have only been written for two manufacturers -cards. - -<p>PC ISDN cards support the full bandwidth of ISDN, 128Kbs. These -cards are often the least expensive type of ISDN equipment. - -<p>Under FreeBSD 2.1.0 and 2.1.5, there is early unfinished ISDN code -under /usr/src/gnu/isdn. This code is out of date and should not be -used. If you want to go this route, get the bisdn stuff. This code -has been removed from the main source tree starting with FreeBSD 2.2. - -<p>There is the bisdn ISDN package available from -<url url="ftp://ftp.muc.ditec.de/isdn" name="ftp.muc.ditec.de"> -supporting FreeBSD 2.1R, FreeBSD-current and NetBSD. -The latest source can be found on the above mentioned ftp server under -directory isdn as file bisdn-097.tar.gz. - -There are drivers for the following cards: -<itemize> -<item>Currently all (passive) Teles cards and their clones are supported -for the EuroISDN (DSS1) and 1TR6 protocols. -<item>Dr. Neuhaus - Niccy 1016 -</itemize> - -There are several limitations with the bisdn stuff. Specifically the -following features usually associated with ISDN are not supported. - -<itemize> -<item>No PPP support, only raw hdlc. This means you cannot connect to most -standalone routers. -<item>Bridging Control Protocol not supported. -<item>Multiple cards are not supported. -<item>No bandwidth on demand. -<item>No channel bundling. -</itemize> - -A majordomo maintained mailing list is available, to subscribe, send the -usual majordomo requests to -<htmlurl url="mailto:isdn-request@muc.ditec.de" -name="isdn-request@muc.ditec.de">. - -<sect1><heading>ISDN Terminal Adapters</heading> - -<p>Terminal adapters(TA), are to ISDN what modems are to regular phone -lines. -<p>Most TA's use the standard hayes modem AT command set, and can be -used as a drop in replacement for a modem. - -A TA will operate basically the same as a modem except connection and -throughput speeds will be much faster than your old modem. You will -need to configure <ref id="ppp" name="PPP"> exactly the same as for a -modem setup. Make sure you set your serial speed as high as possible. - -The main advantage of using a TA to connect to an Internet Provider is -that you can do Dynamic PPP. As IP address space becomes more and more -scarce, most providers are not willing to provide you with a static IP -anymore. Most standalone routers are not able to accommodate dynamic IP -allocation. - -TA's completely rely on the PPP daemon that you are running for their -features and stability of connection. This allows you to upgrade easily -from using a modem to ISDN on a FreeBSD machine, if you already have PPP -setup. However, at the same time any problems you experienced with the -PPP program and are going to persist. - -If you want maximum stability, use the kernel <ref id="ppp" name="PPP"> -option, not the user-land <ref id="userppp" name="iijPPP">. -<p>The following TA's are know to work with FreeBSD. - -<itemize> -<item>Motorola BitSurfer and Bitsurfer Pro -<item>Adtran -</itemize> - -Most other TA's will probably work as well, TA vendors try to make sure -their product can accept most of the standard modem AT command set. - -The real problem with external TA's is like modems you need a good -serial card in your computer. - -You should read the <ref id="uart" name="serial ports"> section in the -handbook for a detailed understanding of serial devices, and the -differences between asynchronous and synchronous serial ports. - -A TA running off a standard PC serial port (asynchronous) limits you to -115.2Kbs, even though you have a 128Kbs connection. To fully utilize -the 128Kbs that ISDN is capable of, you must move the TA to a -synchronous serial card. - -Do not be fooled into buying an internal TA and thinking you have -avoided the synchronous/asynchronous issue. Internal TA's simply have a -standard PC serial port chip built into them. All this will do, is save -you having to buy another serial cable, and find another empty -electrical socket. - -A synchronous card with a TA is at least as fast as a standalone router, -and with a simple 386 FreeBSD box driving it, probably more flexible. - -The choice of sync/TA vs standalone router is largely a religious -issue. There has been some discussion of this in the mailing lists. I -suggest you search the <url url="http://www.freebsd.org/search.html" -name="archives"> for the complete discussion. - -<sect1><heading>Standalone ISDN Bridges/Routers</heading> - -<p>ISDN bridges or routers are not at all specific to FreeBSD or any -other operating system. For a more complete description of routing and -bridging technology, please refer to a Networking reference book. - -In the context of this page, I will use router and bridge -interchangeably. - -<p>As the cost of low end ISDN routers/bridges comes down, it will -likely become a more and more popular choice. An ISDN router is a small -box that plugs directly into your local Ethernet network(or card), and -manages its own connection to the other bridge/router. It has all the -software to do PPP and other protocols built in. - -A router will allow you much faster throughput that a standard TA, since -it will be using a full synchronous ISDN connection. - -The main problem with ISDN routers and bridges is that interoperability -between manufacturers can still be a problem. If you are planning to -connect to an Internet provider, I recommend that you discuss your needs -with them. - -<p>If you are planning to connect two lan segments together, ie: home -lan to the office lan, this is the simplest lowest maintenance -solution. Since you are buying the equipment for both sides of the -connection you can be assured that the link will work. - -For example to connect a home computer or branch office network to a -head office network the following setup could be used. - -<em>Branch office or Home network</em> - -Network is 10 Base T Ethernet. Connect router to network cable with -AUI/10BT transceiver, if necessary. - -<verb> ----Sun workstation -| ----FreeBSD box -| ----Windows 95 (Do not admit to owning it) -| -Standalone router - | -ISDN BRI line -</verb> -If your home/branch office is only one computer you can use a twisted -pair crossover cable to connect to the standalone router directly. - -<em>Head office or other lan</em> - -Network is Twisted Pair Ethernet. -<verb> - -------Novell Server - | H | - | ---Sun - | | - | U ---FreeBSD - | | - | ---Windows 95 - | B | - |___---Standalone router - | - ISDN BRI line -</verb> - -One large advantage of most routers/bridges is that they allow you to -have 2 SEPARATE INDEPENDENT PPP connections to 2 separate sites at the -SAME time. This is not supported on most TA's, except for -specific(expensive) models that have two serial ports. Do not confuse -this with channel bonding, MPP etc. - -This can be very useful feature, for example if you have an dedicated -internet ISDN connection at your office and would like to tap into it, -but don't want to get another ISDN line at work. A router at the office -location can manage a dedicated B channel connection (64Kbs) to the -internet, as well as a use the other B channel for a separate data connection. -The second B channel can be used for dialin, dialout or dynamically -bond(MPP etc.) with the first B channel for more bandwidth. - -<p>An Ethernet bridge will also allow you to transmit more than just -IP traffic, you can also send IPX/SPX or whatever other protocols you -use.</p> |
