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-rw-r--r--secure/usr.bin/openssl/man/x509.1236
1 files changed, 120 insertions, 116 deletions
diff --git a/secure/usr.bin/openssl/man/x509.1 b/secure/usr.bin/openssl/man/x509.1
index 380d1a0..a61b513 100644
--- a/secure/usr.bin/openssl/man/x509.1
+++ b/secure/usr.bin/openssl/man/x509.1
@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-.\" Automatically generated by Pod::Man version 1.15
-.\" Wed Feb 19 16:49:38 2003
+.\" Automatically generated by Pod::Man v1.37, Pod::Parser v1.14
.\"
.\" Standard preamble:
-.\" ======================================================================
+.\" ========================================================================
.de Sh \" Subsection heading
.br
.if t .Sp
@@ -15,12 +14,6 @@
.if t .sp .5v
.if n .sp
..
-.de Ip \" List item
-.br
-.ie \\n(.$>=3 .ne \\$3
-.el .ne 3
-.IP "\\$1" \\$2
-..
.de Vb \" Begin verbatim text
.ft CW
.nf
@@ -28,15 +21,14 @@
..
.de Ve \" End verbatim text
.ft R
-
.fi
..
.\" Set up some character translations and predefined strings. \*(-- will
.\" give an unbreakable dash, \*(PI will give pi, \*(L" will give a left
.\" double quote, and \*(R" will give a right double quote. | will give a
-.\" real vertical bar. \*(C+ will give a nicer C++. Capital omega is used
-.\" to do unbreakable dashes and therefore won't be available. \*(C` and
-.\" \*(C' expand to `' in nroff, nothing in troff, for use with C<>
+.\" real vertical bar. \*(C+ will give a nicer C++. Capital omega is used to
+.\" do unbreakable dashes and therefore won't be available. \*(C` and \*(C'
+.\" expand to `' in nroff, nothing in troff, for use with C<>.
.tr \(*W-|\(bv\*(Tr
.ds C+ C\v'-.1v'\h'-1p'\s-2+\h'-1p'+\s0\v'.1v'\h'-1p'
.ie n \{\
@@ -56,10 +48,10 @@
. ds R" ''
'br\}
.\"
-.\" If the F register is turned on, we'll generate index entries on stderr
-.\" for titles (.TH), headers (.SH), subsections (.Sh), items (.Ip), and
-.\" index entries marked with X<> in POD. Of course, you'll have to process
-.\" the output yourself in some meaningful fashion.
+.\" If the F register is turned on, we'll generate index entries on stderr for
+.\" titles (.TH), headers (.SH), subsections (.Sh), items (.Ip), and index
+.\" entries marked with X<> in POD. Of course, you'll have to process the
+.\" output yourself in some meaningful fashion.
.if \nF \{\
. de IX
. tm Index:\\$1\t\\n%\t"\\$2"
@@ -68,14 +60,13 @@
. rr F
.\}
.\"
-.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it
-.\" makes way too many mistakes in technical documents.
+.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
+.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
.hy 0
.if n .na
.\"
.\" Accent mark definitions (@(#)ms.acc 1.5 88/02/08 SMI; from UCB 4.2).
.\" Fear. Run. Save yourself. No user-serviceable parts.
-.bd B 3
. \" fudge factors for nroff and troff
.if n \{\
. ds #H 0
@@ -135,11 +126,10 @@
. ds Ae AE
.\}
.rm #[ #] #H #V #F C
-.\" ======================================================================
+.\" ========================================================================
.\"
.IX Title "X509 1"
-.TH X509 1 "0.9.7a" "2003-02-19" "OpenSSL"
-.UC
+.TH X509 1 "2005-02-25" "0.9.7d" "OpenSSL"
.SH "NAME"
x509 \- Certificate display and signing utility
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
@@ -201,7 +191,7 @@ various sections.
.IX Header "OPTIONS"
.Sh "\s-1INPUT\s0, \s-1OUTPUT\s0 \s-1AND\s0 \s-1GENERAL\s0 \s-1PURPOSE\s0 \s-1OPTIONS\s0"
.IX Subsection "INPUT, OUTPUT AND GENERAL PURPOSE OPTIONS"
-.Ip "\fB\-inform DER|PEM|NET\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-inform DER|PEM|NET\fR" 4
.IX Item "-inform DER|PEM|NET"
This specifies the input format normally the command will expect an X509
certificate but this can change if other options such as \fB\-req\fR are
@@ -209,25 +199,25 @@ present. The \s-1DER\s0 format is the \s-1DER\s0 encoding of the certificate and
is the base64 encoding of the \s-1DER\s0 encoding with header and footer lines
added. The \s-1NET\s0 option is an obscure Netscape server format that is now
obsolete.
-.Ip "\fB\-outform DER|PEM|NET\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-outform DER|PEM|NET\fR" 4
.IX Item "-outform DER|PEM|NET"
This specifies the output format, the options have the same meaning as the
\&\fB\-inform\fR option.
-.Ip "\fB\-in filename\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-in filename\fR" 4
.IX Item "-in filename"
This specifies the input filename to read a certificate from or standard input
if this option is not specified.
-.Ip "\fB\-out filename\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-out filename\fR" 4
.IX Item "-out filename"
This specifies the output filename to write to or standard output by
default.
-.Ip "\fB\-md2|\-md5|\-sha1|\-mdc2\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-md2|\-md5|\-sha1|\-mdc2\fR" 4
.IX Item "-md2|-md5|-sha1|-mdc2"
the digest to use. This affects any signing or display option that uses a message
digest, such as the \fB\-fingerprint\fR, \fB\-signkey\fR and \fB\-CA\fR options. If not
specified then \s-1MD5\s0 is used. If the key being used to sign with is a \s-1DSA\s0 key then
this option has no effect: \s-1SHA1\s0 is always used with \s-1DSA\s0 keys.
-.Ip "\fB\-engine id\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-engine id\fR" 4
.IX Item "-engine id"
specifying an engine (by it's unique \fBid\fR string) will cause \fBreq\fR
to attempt to obtain a functional reference to the specified engine,
@@ -237,61 +227,61 @@ for all available algorithms.
.IX Subsection "DISPLAY OPTIONS"
Note: the \fB\-alias\fR and \fB\-purpose\fR options are also display options
but are described in the \fB\s-1TRUST\s0 \s-1SETTINGS\s0\fR section.
-.Ip "\fB\-text\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-text\fR" 4
.IX Item "-text"
prints out the certificate in text form. Full details are output including the
public key, signature algorithms, issuer and subject names, serial number
any extensions present and any trust settings.
-.Ip "\fB\-certopt option\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-certopt option\fR" 4
.IX Item "-certopt option"
customise the output format used with \fB\-text\fR. The \fBoption\fR argument can be
a single option or multiple options separated by commas. The \fB\-certopt\fR switch
may be also be used more than once to set multiple options. See the \fB\s-1TEXT\s0 \s-1OPTIONS\s0\fR
section for more information.
-.Ip "\fB\-noout\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-noout\fR" 4
.IX Item "-noout"
this option prevents output of the encoded version of the request.
-.Ip "\fB\-modulus\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-modulus\fR" 4
.IX Item "-modulus"
this option prints out the value of the modulus of the public key
contained in the certificate.
-.Ip "\fB\-serial\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-serial\fR" 4
.IX Item "-serial"
outputs the certificate serial number.
-.Ip "\fB\-hash\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-hash\fR" 4
.IX Item "-hash"
outputs the \*(L"hash\*(R" of the certificate subject name. This is used in OpenSSL to
form an index to allow certificates in a directory to be looked up by subject
name.
-.Ip "\fB\-subject\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-subject\fR" 4
.IX Item "-subject"
outputs the subject name.
-.Ip "\fB\-issuer\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-issuer\fR" 4
.IX Item "-issuer"
outputs the issuer name.
-.Ip "\fB\-nameopt option\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-nameopt option\fR" 4
.IX Item "-nameopt option"
option which determines how the subject or issuer names are displayed. The
\&\fBoption\fR argument can be a single option or multiple options separated by
commas. Alternatively the \fB\-nameopt\fR switch may be used more than once to
set multiple options. See the \fB\s-1NAME\s0 \s-1OPTIONS\s0\fR section for more information.
-.Ip "\fB\-email\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-email\fR" 4
.IX Item "-email"
outputs the email address(es) if any.
-.Ip "\fB\-startdate\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-startdate\fR" 4
.IX Item "-startdate"
prints out the start date of the certificate, that is the notBefore date.
-.Ip "\fB\-enddate\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-enddate\fR" 4
.IX Item "-enddate"
prints out the expiry date of the certificate, that is the notAfter date.
-.Ip "\fB\-dates\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-dates\fR" 4
.IX Item "-dates"
prints out the start and expiry dates of a certificate.
-.Ip "\fB\-fingerprint\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-fingerprint\fR" 4
.IX Item "-fingerprint"
prints out the digest of the \s-1DER\s0 encoded version of the whole certificate
(see digest options).
-.Ip "\fB\-C\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-C\fR" 4
.IX Item "-C"
this outputs the certificate in the form of a C source file.
.Sh "\s-1TRUST\s0 \s-1SETTINGS\s0"
@@ -316,37 +306,37 @@ meaning of trust settings.
.PP
Future versions of OpenSSL will recognize trust settings on any
certificate: not just root CAs.
-.Ip "\fB\-trustout\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-trustout\fR" 4
.IX Item "-trustout"
this causes \fBx509\fR to output a \fBtrusted\fR certificate. An ordinary
or trusted certificate can be input but by default an ordinary
certificate is output and any trust settings are discarded. With the
\&\fB\-trustout\fR option a trusted certificate is output. A trusted
certificate is automatically output if any trust settings are modified.
-.Ip "\fB\-setalias arg\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-setalias arg\fR" 4
.IX Item "-setalias arg"
sets the alias of the certificate. This will allow the certificate
to be referred to using a nickname for example \*(L"Steve's Certificate\*(R".
-.Ip "\fB\-alias\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-alias\fR" 4
.IX Item "-alias"
outputs the certificate alias, if any.
-.Ip "\fB\-clrtrust\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-clrtrust\fR" 4
.IX Item "-clrtrust"
clears all the permitted or trusted uses of the certificate.
-.Ip "\fB\-clrreject\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-clrreject\fR" 4
.IX Item "-clrreject"
clears all the prohibited or rejected uses of the certificate.
-.Ip "\fB\-addtrust arg\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-addtrust arg\fR" 4
.IX Item "-addtrust arg"
adds a trusted certificate use. Any object name can be used here
but currently only \fBclientAuth\fR (\s-1SSL\s0 client use), \fBserverAuth\fR
(\s-1SSL\s0 server use) and \fBemailProtection\fR (S/MIME email) are used.
Other OpenSSL applications may define additional uses.
-.Ip "\fB\-addreject arg\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-addreject arg\fR" 4
.IX Item "-addreject arg"
adds a prohibited use. It accepts the same values as the \fB\-addtrust\fR
option.
-.Ip "\fB\-purpose\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-purpose\fR" 4
.IX Item "-purpose"
this option performs tests on the certificate extensions and outputs
the results. For a more complete description see the \fB\s-1CERTIFICATE\s0
@@ -355,7 +345,7 @@ the results. For a more complete description see the \fB\s-1CERTIFICATE\s0
.IX Subsection "SIGNING OPTIONS"
The \fBx509\fR utility can be used to sign certificates and requests: it
can thus behave like a \*(L"mini \s-1CA\s0\*(R".
-.Ip "\fB\-signkey filename\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-signkey filename\fR" 4
.IX Item "-signkey filename"
this option causes the input file to be self signed using the supplied
private key.
@@ -370,29 +360,29 @@ the \fB\-clrext\fR option is supplied.
If the input is a certificate request then a self signed certificate
is created using the supplied private key using the subject name in
the request.
-.Ip "\fB\-clrext\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-clrext\fR" 4
.IX Item "-clrext"
delete any extensions from a certificate. This option is used when a
certificate is being created from another certificate (for example with
the \fB\-signkey\fR or the \fB\-CA\fR options). Normally all extensions are
retained.
-.Ip "\fB\-keyform PEM|DER\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-keyform PEM|DER\fR" 4
.IX Item "-keyform PEM|DER"
specifies the format (\s-1DER\s0 or \s-1PEM\s0) of the private key file used in the
\&\fB\-signkey\fR option.
-.Ip "\fB\-days arg\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-days arg\fR" 4
.IX Item "-days arg"
specifies the number of days to make a certificate valid for. The default
is 30 days.
-.Ip "\fB\-x509toreq\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-x509toreq\fR" 4
.IX Item "-x509toreq"
converts a certificate into a certificate request. The \fB\-signkey\fR option
is used to pass the required private key.
-.Ip "\fB\-req\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-req\fR" 4
.IX Item "-req"
by default a certificate is expected on input. With this option a
certificate request is expected instead.
-.Ip "\fB\-set_serial n\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-set_serial n\fR" 4
.IX Item "-set_serial n"
specifies the serial number to use. This option can be used with either
the \fB\-signkey\fR or \fB\-CA\fR options. If used in conjunction with the \fB\-CA\fR
@@ -401,7 +391,7 @@ option the serial number file (as specified by the \fB\-CAserial\fR or
.Sp
The serial number can be decimal or hex (if preceded by \fB0x\fR). Negative
serial numbers can also be specified but their use is not recommended.
-.Ip "\fB\-CA filename\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-CA filename\fR" 4
.IX Item "-CA filename"
specifies the \s-1CA\s0 certificate to be used for signing. When this option is
present \fBx509\fR behaves like a \*(L"mini \s-1CA\s0\*(R". The input file is signed by this
@@ -410,12 +400,12 @@ of the \s-1CA\s0 and it is digitally signed using the CAs private key.
.Sp
This option is normally combined with the \fB\-req\fR option. Without the
\&\fB\-req\fR option the input is a certificate which must be self signed.
-.Ip "\fB\-CAkey filename\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-CAkey filename\fR" 4
.IX Item "-CAkey filename"
sets the \s-1CA\s0 private key to sign a certificate with. If this option is
not specified then it is assumed that the \s-1CA\s0 private key is present in
the \s-1CA\s0 certificate file.
-.Ip "\fB\-CAserial filename\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-CAserial filename\fR" 4
.IX Item "-CAserial filename"
sets the \s-1CA\s0 serial number file to use.
.Sp
@@ -427,17 +417,17 @@ use the serial number is incremented and written out to the file again.
The default filename consists of the \s-1CA\s0 certificate file base name with
\&\*(L".srl\*(R" appended. For example if the \s-1CA\s0 certificate file is called
\&\*(L"mycacert.pem\*(R" it expects to find a serial number file called \*(L"mycacert.srl\*(R".
-.Ip "\fB\-CAcreateserial\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-CAcreateserial\fR" 4
.IX Item "-CAcreateserial"
with this option the \s-1CA\s0 serial number file is created if it does not exist:
it will contain the serial number \*(L"02\*(R" and the certificate being signed will
have the 1 as its serial number. Normally if the \fB\-CA\fR option is specified
and the serial number file does not exist it is an error.
-.Ip "\fB\-extfile filename\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-extfile filename\fR" 4
.IX Item "-extfile filename"
file containing certificate extensions to use. If not specified then
no extensions are added to the certificate.
-.Ip "\fB\-extensions section\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\-extensions section\fR" 4
.IX Item "-extensions section"
the section to add certificate extensions from. If this option is not
specified then the extensions should either be contained in the unnamed
@@ -449,45 +439,45 @@ The \fBnameopt\fR command line switch determines how the subject and issuer
names are displayed. If no \fBnameopt\fR switch is present the default \*(L"oneline\*(R"
format is used which is compatible with previous versions of OpenSSL.
Each option is described in detail below, all options can be preceded by
-a \fB-\fR to turn the option off. Only the first four will normally be used.
-.Ip "\fBcompat\fR" 4
+a \fB\-\fR to turn the option off. Only the first four will normally be used.
+.IP "\fBcompat\fR" 4
.IX Item "compat"
use the old format. This is equivalent to specifying no name options at all.
-.Ip "\fB\s-1RFC2253\s0\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\s-1RFC2253\s0\fR" 4
.IX Item "RFC2253"
displays names compatible with \s-1RFC2253\s0 equivalent to \fBesc_2253\fR, \fBesc_ctrl\fR,
\&\fBesc_msb\fR, \fButf8\fR, \fBdump_nostr\fR, \fBdump_unknown\fR, \fBdump_der\fR,
\&\fBsep_comma_plus\fR, \fBdn_rev\fR and \fBsname\fR.
-.Ip "\fBoneline\fR" 4
+.IP "\fBoneline\fR" 4
.IX Item "oneline"
a oneline format which is more readable than \s-1RFC2253\s0. It is equivalent to
specifying the \fBesc_2253\fR, \fBesc_ctrl\fR, \fBesc_msb\fR, \fButf8\fR, \fBdump_nostr\fR,
\&\fBdump_der\fR, \fBuse_quote\fR, \fBsep_comma_plus_spc\fR, \fBspc_eq\fR and \fBsname\fR
options.
-.Ip "\fBmultiline\fR" 4
+.IP "\fBmultiline\fR" 4
.IX Item "multiline"
a multiline format. It is equivalent \fBesc_ctrl\fR, \fBesc_msb\fR, \fBsep_multiline\fR,
\&\fBspc_eq\fR, \fBlname\fR and \fBalign\fR.
-.Ip "\fBesc_2253\fR" 4
+.IP "\fBesc_2253\fR" 4
.IX Item "esc_2253"
escape the \*(L"special\*(R" characters required by \s-1RFC2253\s0 in a field That is
\&\fB,+"<>;\fR. Additionally \fB#\fR is escaped at the beginning of a string
and a space character at the beginning or end of a string.
-.Ip "\fBesc_ctrl\fR" 4
+.IP "\fBesc_ctrl\fR" 4
.IX Item "esc_ctrl"
escape control characters. That is those with \s-1ASCII\s0 values less than
0x20 (space) and the delete (0x7f) character. They are escaped using the
\&\s-1RFC2253\s0 \eXX notation (where \s-1XX\s0 are two hex digits representing the
character value).
-.Ip "\fBesc_msb\fR" 4
+.IP "\fBesc_msb\fR" 4
.IX Item "esc_msb"
escape characters with the \s-1MSB\s0 set, that is with \s-1ASCII\s0 values larger than
127.
-.Ip "\fBuse_quote\fR" 4
+.IP "\fBuse_quote\fR" 4
.IX Item "use_quote"
escapes some characters by surrounding the whole string with \fB"\fR characters,
without the option all escaping is done with the \fB\e\fR character.
-.Ip "\fButf8\fR" 4
+.IP "\fButf8\fR" 4
.IX Item "utf8"
convert all strings to \s-1UTF8\s0 format first. This is required by \s-1RFC2253\s0. If
you are lucky enough to have a \s-1UTF8\s0 compatible terminal then the use
@@ -497,35 +487,35 @@ present then multibyte characters larger than 0xff will be represented
using the format \eUXXXX for 16 bits and \eWXXXXXXXX for 32 bits.
Also if this option is off any UTF8Strings will be converted to their
character form first.
-.Ip "\fBno_type\fR" 4
+.IP "\fBno_type\fR" 4
.IX Item "no_type"
this option does not attempt to interpret multibyte characters in any
way. That is their content octets are merely dumped as though one octet
represents each character. This is useful for diagnostic purposes but
will result in rather odd looking output.
-.Ip "\fBshow_type\fR" 4
+.IP "\fBshow_type\fR" 4
.IX Item "show_type"
show the type of the \s-1ASN1\s0 character string. The type precedes the
field contents. For example \*(L"\s-1BMPSTRING:\s0 Hello World\*(R".
-.Ip "\fBdump_der\fR" 4
+.IP "\fBdump_der\fR" 4
.IX Item "dump_der"
when this option is set any fields that need to be hexdumped will
be dumped using the \s-1DER\s0 encoding of the field. Otherwise just the
content octets will be displayed. Both options use the \s-1RFC2253\s0
\&\fB#XXXX...\fR format.
-.Ip "\fBdump_nostr\fR" 4
+.IP "\fBdump_nostr\fR" 4
.IX Item "dump_nostr"
dump non character string types (for example \s-1OCTET\s0 \s-1STRING\s0) if this
option is not set then non character string types will be displayed
as though each content octet represents a single character.
-.Ip "\fBdump_all\fR" 4
+.IP "\fBdump_all\fR" 4
.IX Item "dump_all"
dump all fields. This option when used with \fBdump_der\fR allows the
\&\s-1DER\s0 encoding of the structure to be unambiguously determined.
-.Ip "\fBdump_unknown\fR" 4
+.IP "\fBdump_unknown\fR" 4
.IX Item "dump_unknown"
dump any field whose \s-1OID\s0 is not recognised by OpenSSL.
-.Ip "\fBsep_comma_plus\fR, \fBsep_comma_plus_space\fR, \fBsep_semi_plus_space\fR, \fBsep_multiline\fR" 4
+.IP "\fBsep_comma_plus\fR, \fBsep_comma_plus_space\fR, \fBsep_semi_plus_space\fR, \fBsep_multiline\fR" 4
.IX Item "sep_comma_plus, sep_comma_plus_space, sep_semi_plus_space, sep_multiline"
these options determine the field separators. The first character is
between RDNs and the second between multiple AVAs (multiple AVAs are
@@ -534,23 +524,23 @@ very rare and their use is discouraged). The options ending in
more readable. The \fBsep_multiline\fR uses a linefeed character for
the \s-1RDN\s0 separator and a spaced \fB+\fR for the \s-1AVA\s0 separator. It also
indents the fields by four characters.
-.Ip "\fBdn_rev\fR" 4
+.IP "\fBdn_rev\fR" 4
.IX Item "dn_rev"
reverse the fields of the \s-1DN\s0. This is required by \s-1RFC2253\s0. As a side
effect this also reverses the order of multiple AVAs but this is
permissible.
-.Ip "\fBnofname\fR, \fBsname\fR, \fBlname\fR, \fBoid\fR" 4
+.IP "\fBnofname\fR, \fBsname\fR, \fBlname\fR, \fBoid\fR" 4
.IX Item "nofname, sname, lname, oid"
these options alter how the field name is displayed. \fBnofname\fR does
not display the field at all. \fBsname\fR uses the \*(L"short name\*(R" form
(\s-1CN\s0 for commonName for example). \fBlname\fR uses the long form.
\&\fBoid\fR represents the \s-1OID\s0 in numerical form and is useful for
diagnostic purpose.
-.Ip "\fBalign\fR" 4
+.IP "\fBalign\fR" 4
.IX Item "align"
align field values for a more readable output. Only usable with
\&\fBsep_multiline\fR.
-.Ip "\fBspc_eq\fR" 4
+.IP "\fBspc_eq\fR" 4
.IX Item "spc_eq"
places spaces round the \fB=\fR character which follows the field
name.
@@ -559,55 +549,55 @@ name.
As well as customising the name output format, it is also possible to
customise the actual fields printed using the \fBcertopt\fR options when
the \fBtext\fR option is present. The default behaviour is to print all fields.
-.Ip "\fBcompatible\fR" 4
+.IP "\fBcompatible\fR" 4
.IX Item "compatible"
use the old format. This is equivalent to specifying no output options at all.
-.Ip "\fBno_header\fR" 4
+.IP "\fBno_header\fR" 4
.IX Item "no_header"
don't print header information: that is the lines saying \*(L"Certificate\*(R" and \*(L"Data\*(R".
-.Ip "\fBno_version\fR" 4
+.IP "\fBno_version\fR" 4
.IX Item "no_version"
don't print out the version number.
-.Ip "\fBno_serial\fR" 4
+.IP "\fBno_serial\fR" 4
.IX Item "no_serial"
don't print out the serial number.
-.Ip "\fBno_signame\fR" 4
+.IP "\fBno_signame\fR" 4
.IX Item "no_signame"
don't print out the signature algorithm used.
-.Ip "\fBno_validity\fR" 4
+.IP "\fBno_validity\fR" 4
.IX Item "no_validity"
don't print the validity, that is the \fBnotBefore\fR and \fBnotAfter\fR fields.
-.Ip "\fBno_subject\fR" 4
+.IP "\fBno_subject\fR" 4
.IX Item "no_subject"
don't print out the subject name.
-.Ip "\fBno_issuer\fR" 4
+.IP "\fBno_issuer\fR" 4
.IX Item "no_issuer"
don't print out the issuer name.
-.Ip "\fBno_pubkey\fR" 4
+.IP "\fBno_pubkey\fR" 4
.IX Item "no_pubkey"
don't print out the public key.
-.Ip "\fBno_sigdump\fR" 4
+.IP "\fBno_sigdump\fR" 4
.IX Item "no_sigdump"
don't give a hexadecimal dump of the certificate signature.
-.Ip "\fBno_aux\fR" 4
+.IP "\fBno_aux\fR" 4
.IX Item "no_aux"
don't print out certificate trust information.
-.Ip "\fBno_extensions\fR" 4
+.IP "\fBno_extensions\fR" 4
.IX Item "no_extensions"
don't print out any X509V3 extensions.
-.Ip "\fBext_default\fR" 4
+.IP "\fBext_default\fR" 4
.IX Item "ext_default"
retain default extension behaviour: attempt to print out unsupported certificate extensions.
-.Ip "\fBext_error\fR" 4
+.IP "\fBext_error\fR" 4
.IX Item "ext_error"
print an error message for unsupported certificate extensions.
-.Ip "\fBext_parse\fR" 4
+.IP "\fBext_parse\fR" 4
.IX Item "ext_parse"
\&\s-1ASN1\s0 parse unsupported extensions.
-.Ip "\fBext_dump\fR" 4
+.IP "\fBext_dump\fR" 4
.IX Item "ext_dump"
hex dump unsupported extensions.
-.Ip "\fBca_default\fR" 4
+.IP "\fBca_default\fR" 4
.IX Item "ca_default"
the value used by the \fBca\fR utility, equivalent to \fBno_issuer\fR, \fBno_pubkey\fR, \fBno_header\fR,
\&\fBno_version\fR, \fBno_sigdump\fR and \fBno_signame\fR.
@@ -621,47 +611,56 @@ Display the contents of a certificate:
.Vb 1
\& openssl x509 -in cert.pem -noout -text
.Ve
+.PP
Display the certificate serial number:
.PP
.Vb 1
\& openssl x509 -in cert.pem -noout -serial
.Ve
+.PP
Display the certificate subject name:
.PP
.Vb 1
\& openssl x509 -in cert.pem -noout -subject
.Ve
+.PP
Display the certificate subject name in \s-1RFC2253\s0 form:
.PP
.Vb 1
\& openssl x509 -in cert.pem -noout -subject -nameopt RFC2253
.Ve
+.PP
Display the certificate subject name in oneline form on a terminal
supporting \s-1UTF8:\s0
.PP
.Vb 1
\& openssl x509 -in cert.pem -noout -subject -nameopt oneline,-escmsb
.Ve
+.PP
Display the certificate \s-1MD5\s0 fingerprint:
.PP
.Vb 1
\& openssl x509 -in cert.pem -noout -fingerprint
.Ve
+.PP
Display the certificate \s-1SHA1\s0 fingerprint:
.PP
.Vb 1
\& openssl x509 -sha1 -in cert.pem -noout -fingerprint
.Ve
+.PP
Convert a certificate from \s-1PEM\s0 to \s-1DER\s0 format:
.PP
.Vb 1
\& openssl x509 -in cert.pem -inform PEM -out cert.der -outform DER
.Ve
+.PP
Convert a certificate to a certificate request:
.PP
.Vb 1
\& openssl x509 -x509toreq -in cert.pem -out req.pem -signkey key.pem
.Ve
+.PP
Convert a certificate request into a self signed certificate using
extensions for a \s-1CA:\s0
.PP
@@ -669,6 +668,7 @@ extensions for a \s-1CA:\s0
\& openssl x509 -req -in careq.pem -extfile openssl.cnf -extensions v3_ca \e
\& -signkey key.pem -out cacert.pem
.Ve
+.PP
Sign a certificate request using the \s-1CA\s0 certificate above and add user
certificate extensions:
.PP
@@ -676,6 +676,7 @@ certificate extensions:
\& openssl x509 -req -in req.pem -extfile openssl.cnf -extensions v3_usr \e
\& -CA cacert.pem -CAkey key.pem -CAcreateserial
.Ve
+.PP
Set a certificate to be trusted for \s-1SSL\s0 client use and change set its alias to
\&\*(L"Steve's Class 1 \s-1CA\s0\*(R"
.PP
@@ -691,18 +692,21 @@ The \s-1PEM\s0 format uses the header and footer lines:
\& -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
\& -----END CERTIFICATE-----
.Ve
+.PP
it will also handle files containing:
.PP
.Vb 2
\& -----BEGIN X509 CERTIFICATE-----
\& -----END X509 CERTIFICATE-----
.Ve
+.PP
Trusted certificates have the lines
.PP
.Vb 2
\& -----BEGIN TRUSTED CERTIFICATE-----
\& -----END TRUSTED CERTIFICATE-----
.Ve
+.PP
The conversion to \s-1UTF8\s0 format used with the name options assumes that
T61Strings use the \s-1ISO8859\-1\s0 character set. This is wrong but Netscape
and \s-1MSIE\s0 do this as do many certificates. So although this is incorrect
@@ -755,62 +759,62 @@ the key can only be used for the purposes specified.
A complete description of each test is given below. The comments about
basicConstraints and keyUsage and V1 certificates above apply to \fBall\fR
\&\s-1CA\s0 certificates.
-.Ip "\fB\s-1SSL\s0 Client\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\s-1SSL\s0 Client\fR" 4
.IX Item "SSL Client"
The extended key usage extension must be absent or include the \*(L"web client
authentication\*(R" \s-1OID\s0. keyUsage must be absent or it must have the
digitalSignature bit set. Netscape certificate type must be absent or it must
have the \s-1SSL\s0 client bit set.
-.Ip "\fB\s-1SSL\s0 Client \s-1CA\s0\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\s-1SSL\s0 Client \s-1CA\s0\fR" 4
.IX Item "SSL Client CA"
The extended key usage extension must be absent or include the \*(L"web client
authentication\*(R" \s-1OID\s0. Netscape certificate type must be absent or it must have
the \s-1SSL\s0 \s-1CA\s0 bit set: this is used as a work around if the basicConstraints
extension is absent.
-.Ip "\fB\s-1SSL\s0 Server\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\s-1SSL\s0 Server\fR" 4
.IX Item "SSL Server"
The extended key usage extension must be absent or include the \*(L"web server
authentication\*(R" and/or one of the \s-1SGC\s0 OIDs. keyUsage must be absent or it
must have the digitalSignature, the keyEncipherment set or both bits set.
Netscape certificate type must be absent or have the \s-1SSL\s0 server bit set.
-.Ip "\fB\s-1SSL\s0 Server \s-1CA\s0\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\s-1SSL\s0 Server \s-1CA\s0\fR" 4
.IX Item "SSL Server CA"
The extended key usage extension must be absent or include the \*(L"web server
authentication\*(R" and/or one of the \s-1SGC\s0 OIDs. Netscape certificate type must
be absent or the \s-1SSL\s0 \s-1CA\s0 bit must be set: this is used as a work around if the
basicConstraints extension is absent.
-.Ip "\fBNetscape \s-1SSL\s0 Server\fR" 4
+.IP "\fBNetscape \s-1SSL\s0 Server\fR" 4
.IX Item "Netscape SSL Server"
For Netscape \s-1SSL\s0 clients to connect to an \s-1SSL\s0 server it must have the
keyEncipherment bit set if the keyUsage extension is present. This isn't
always valid because some cipher suites use the key for digital signing.
Otherwise it is the same as a normal \s-1SSL\s0 server.
-.Ip "\fBCommon S/MIME Client Tests\fR" 4
+.IP "\fBCommon S/MIME Client Tests\fR" 4
.IX Item "Common S/MIME Client Tests"
The extended key usage extension must be absent or include the \*(L"email
protection\*(R" \s-1OID\s0. Netscape certificate type must be absent or should have the
S/MIME bit set. If the S/MIME bit is not set in netscape certificate type
then the \s-1SSL\s0 client bit is tolerated as an alternative but a warning is shown:
this is because some Verisign certificates don't set the S/MIME bit.
-.Ip "\fBS/MIME Signing\fR" 4
+.IP "\fBS/MIME Signing\fR" 4
.IX Item "S/MIME Signing"
In addition to the common S/MIME client tests the digitalSignature bit must
be set if the keyUsage extension is present.
-.Ip "\fBS/MIME Encryption\fR" 4
+.IP "\fBS/MIME Encryption\fR" 4
.IX Item "S/MIME Encryption"
In addition to the common S/MIME tests the keyEncipherment bit must be set
if the keyUsage extension is present.
-.Ip "\fBS/MIME \s-1CA\s0\fR" 4
+.IP "\fBS/MIME \s-1CA\s0\fR" 4
.IX Item "S/MIME CA"
The extended key usage extension must be absent or include the \*(L"email
protection\*(R" \s-1OID\s0. Netscape certificate type must be absent or must have the
S/MIME \s-1CA\s0 bit set: this is used as a work around if the basicConstraints
extension is absent.
-.Ip "\fB\s-1CRL\s0 Signing\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\s-1CRL\s0 Signing\fR" 4
.IX Item "CRL Signing"
The keyUsage extension must be absent or it must have the \s-1CRL\s0 signing bit
set.
-.Ip "\fB\s-1CRL\s0 Signing \s-1CA\s0\fR" 4
+.IP "\fB\s-1CRL\s0 Signing \s-1CA\s0\fR" 4
.IX Item "CRL Signing CA"
The normal \s-1CA\s0 tests apply. Except in this case the basicConstraints extension
must be present.
@@ -832,5 +836,5 @@ than the current behaviour. It is hoped that it will represent reality in
OpenSSL 0.9.5 and later.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.IX Header "SEE ALSO"
-req(1), ca(1), genrsa(1),
-gendsa(1), verify(1)
+\&\fIreq\fR\|(1), \fIca\fR\|(1), \fIgenrsa\fR\|(1),
+\&\fIgendsa\fR\|(1), \fIverify\fR\|(1)
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