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Diffstat (limited to 'secure/usr.bin/openssl/man/enc.1')
| -rw-r--r-- | secure/usr.bin/openssl/man/enc.1 | 449 |
1 files changed, 449 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/secure/usr.bin/openssl/man/enc.1 b/secure/usr.bin/openssl/man/enc.1 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..27bd55d --- /dev/null +++ b/secure/usr.bin/openssl/man/enc.1 @@ -0,0 +1,449 @@ +.\" Automatically generated by Pod::Man 2.28 (Pod::Simple 3.28) +.\" +.\" Standard preamble: +.\" ======================================================================== +.de Sp \" Vertical space (when we can't use .PP) +.if t .sp .5v +.if n .sp +.. +.de Vb \" Begin verbatim text +.ft CW +.nf +.ne \\$1 +.. +.de Ve \" End verbatim text +.ft R +.fi +.. +.\" Set up some character translations and predefined strings. \*(-- will +.\" give an unbreakable dash, \*(PI will give pi, \*(L" will give a left +.\" double quote, and \*(R" will give a right double quote. \*(C+ will +.\" give a nicer C++. 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Always turn off hyphenation; it makes +.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents. +.if n .ad l +.nh +.SH "NAME" +enc \- symmetric cipher routines +.SH "SYNOPSIS" +.IX Header "SYNOPSIS" +\&\fBopenssl enc \-ciphername\fR +[\fB\-in filename\fR] +[\fB\-out filename\fR] +[\fB\-pass arg\fR] +[\fB\-e\fR] +[\fB\-d\fR] +[\fB\-a/\-base64\fR] +[\fB\-A\fR] +[\fB\-k password\fR] +[\fB\-kfile filename\fR] +[\fB\-K key\fR] +[\fB\-iv \s-1IV\s0\fR] +[\fB\-S salt\fR] +[\fB\-salt\fR] +[\fB\-nosalt\fR] +[\fB\-z\fR] +[\fB\-md\fR] +[\fB\-p\fR] +[\fB\-P\fR] +[\fB\-bufsize number\fR] +[\fB\-nopad\fR] +[\fB\-debug\fR] +[\fB\-none\fR] +[\fB\-engine id\fR] +.SH "DESCRIPTION" +.IX Header "DESCRIPTION" +The symmetric cipher commands allow data to be encrypted or decrypted +using various block and stream ciphers using keys based on passwords +or explicitly provided. Base64 encoding or decoding can also be performed +either by itself or in addition to the encryption or decryption. +.SH "OPTIONS" +.IX Header "OPTIONS" +.IP "\fB\-in filename\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-in filename" +the input filename, standard input by default. +.IP "\fB\-out filename\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-out filename" +the output filename, standard output by default. +.IP "\fB\-pass arg\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-pass arg" +the password source. For more information about the format of \fBarg\fR +see the \fB\s-1PASS PHRASE ARGUMENTS\s0\fR section in \fIopenssl\fR\|(1). +.IP "\fB\-salt\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-salt" +use a salt in the key derivation routines. This is the default. +.IP "\fB\-nosalt\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-nosalt" +don't use a salt in the key derivation routines. This option \fB\s-1SHOULD NOT\s0\fR be +used except for test purposes or compatibility with ancient versions of OpenSSL +and SSLeay. +.IP "\fB\-e\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-e" +encrypt the input data: this is the default. +.IP "\fB\-d\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-d" +decrypt the input data. +.IP "\fB\-a\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-a" +base64 process the data. This means that if encryption is taking place +the data is base64 encoded after encryption. If decryption is set then +the input data is base64 decoded before being decrypted. +.IP "\fB\-base64\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-base64" +same as \fB\-a\fR +.IP "\fB\-A\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-A" +if the \fB\-a\fR option is set then base64 process the data on one line. +.IP "\fB\-k password\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-k password" +the password to derive the key from. This is for compatibility with previous +versions of OpenSSL. Superseded by the \fB\-pass\fR argument. +.IP "\fB\-kfile filename\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-kfile filename" +read the password to derive the key from the first line of \fBfilename\fR. +This is for compatibility with previous versions of OpenSSL. Superseded by +the \fB\-pass\fR argument. +.IP "\fB\-nosalt\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-nosalt" +do not use a salt +.IP "\fB\-salt\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-salt" +use salt (randomly generated or provide with \fB\-S\fR option) when +encrypting (this is the default). +.IP "\fB\-S salt\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-S salt" +the actual salt to use: this must be represented as a string of hex digits. +.IP "\fB\-K key\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-K key" +the actual key to use: this must be represented as a string comprised only +of hex digits. If only the key is specified, the \s-1IV\s0 must additionally specified +using the \fB\-iv\fR option. When both a key and a password are specified, the +key given with the \fB\-K\fR option will be used and the \s-1IV\s0 generated from the +password will be taken. It probably does not make much sense to specify +both key and password. +.IP "\fB\-iv \s-1IV\s0\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-iv IV" +the actual \s-1IV\s0 to use: this must be represented as a string comprised only +of hex digits. When only the key is specified using the \fB\-K\fR option, the +\&\s-1IV\s0 must explicitly be defined. When a password is being specified using +one of the other options, the \s-1IV\s0 is generated from this password. +.IP "\fB\-p\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-p" +print out the key and \s-1IV\s0 used. +.IP "\fB\-P\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-P" +print out the key and \s-1IV\s0 used then immediately exit: don't do any encryption +or decryption. +.IP "\fB\-bufsize number\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-bufsize number" +set the buffer size for I/O +.IP "\fB\-nopad\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-nopad" +disable standard block padding +.IP "\fB\-debug\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-debug" +debug the BIOs used for I/O. +.IP "\fB\-z\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-z" +Compress or decompress clear text using zlib before encryption or after +decryption. This option exists only if OpenSSL with compiled with zlib +or zlib-dynamic option. +.IP "\fB\-none\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-none" +Use \s-1NULL\s0 cipher (no encryption or decryption of input). +.SH "NOTES" +.IX Header "NOTES" +The program can be called either as \fBopenssl ciphername\fR or +\&\fBopenssl enc \-ciphername\fR. But the first form doesn't work with +engine-provided ciphers, because this form is processed before the +configuration file is read and any ENGINEs loaded. +.PP +Engines which provide entirely new encryption algorithms (such as ccgost +engine which provides gost89 algorithm) should be configured in the +configuration file. Engines, specified in the command line using \-engine +options can only be used for hadrware-assisted implementations of +ciphers, which are supported by OpenSSL core or other engine, specified +in the configuration file. +.PP +When enc command lists supported ciphers, ciphers provided by engines, +specified in the configuration files are listed too. +.PP +A password will be prompted for to derive the key and \s-1IV\s0 if necessary. +.PP +The \fB\-salt\fR option should \fB\s-1ALWAYS\s0\fR be used if the key is being derived +from a password unless you want compatibility with previous versions of +OpenSSL and SSLeay. +.PP +Without the \fB\-salt\fR option it is possible to perform efficient dictionary +attacks on the password and to attack stream cipher encrypted data. The reason +for this is that without the salt the same password always generates the same +encryption key. When the salt is being used the first eight bytes of the +encrypted data are reserved for the salt: it is generated at random when +encrypting a file and read from the encrypted file when it is decrypted. +.PP +Some of the ciphers do not have large keys and others have security +implications if not used correctly. A beginner is advised to just use +a strong block cipher in \s-1CBC\s0 mode such as bf or des3. +.PP +All the block ciphers normally use PKCS#5 padding also known as standard block +padding: this allows a rudimentary integrity or password check to be +performed. However since the chance of random data passing the test is +better than 1 in 256 it isn't a very good test. +.PP +If padding is disabled then the input data must be a multiple of the cipher +block length. +.PP +All \s-1RC2\s0 ciphers have the same key and effective key length. +.PP +Blowfish and \s-1RC5\s0 algorithms use a 128 bit key. +.SH "SUPPORTED CIPHERS" +.IX Header "SUPPORTED CIPHERS" +Note that some of these ciphers can be disabled at compile time +and some are available only if an appropriate engine is configured +in the configuration file. The output of the \fBenc\fR command run with +unsupported options (for example \fBopenssl enc \-help\fR) includes a +list of ciphers, supported by your versesion of OpenSSL, including +ones provided by configured engines. +.PP +The \fBenc\fR program does not support authenticated encryption modes +like \s-1CCM\s0 and \s-1GCM.\s0 The utility does not store or retrieve the +authentication tag. +.PP +.Vb 1 +\& base64 Base 64 +\& +\& bf\-cbc Blowfish in CBC mode +\& bf Alias for bf\-cbc +\& bf\-cfb Blowfish in CFB mode +\& bf\-ecb Blowfish in ECB mode +\& bf\-ofb Blowfish in OFB mode +\& +\& cast\-cbc CAST in CBC mode +\& cast Alias for cast\-cbc +\& cast5\-cbc CAST5 in CBC mode +\& cast5\-cfb CAST5 in CFB mode +\& cast5\-ecb CAST5 in ECB mode +\& cast5\-ofb CAST5 in OFB mode +\& +\& des\-cbc DES in CBC mode +\& des Alias for des\-cbc +\& des\-cfb DES in CBC mode +\& des\-ofb DES in OFB mode +\& des\-ecb DES in ECB mode +\& +\& des\-ede\-cbc Two key triple DES EDE in CBC mode +\& des\-ede Two key triple DES EDE in ECB mode +\& des\-ede\-cfb Two key triple DES EDE in CFB mode +\& des\-ede\-ofb Two key triple DES EDE in OFB mode +\& +\& des\-ede3\-cbc Three key triple DES EDE in CBC mode +\& des\-ede3 Three key triple DES EDE in ECB mode +\& des3 Alias for des\-ede3\-cbc +\& des\-ede3\-cfb Three key triple DES EDE CFB mode +\& des\-ede3\-ofb Three key triple DES EDE in OFB mode +\& +\& desx DESX algorithm. +\& +\& gost89 GOST 28147\-89 in CFB mode (provided by ccgost engine) +\& gost89\-cnt \`GOST 28147\-89 in CNT mode (provided by ccgost engine) +\& +\& idea\-cbc IDEA algorithm in CBC mode +\& idea same as idea\-cbc +\& idea\-cfb IDEA in CFB mode +\& idea\-ecb IDEA in ECB mode +\& idea\-ofb IDEA in OFB mode +\& +\& rc2\-cbc 128 bit RC2 in CBC mode +\& rc2 Alias for rc2\-cbc +\& rc2\-cfb 128 bit RC2 in CFB mode +\& rc2\-ecb 128 bit RC2 in ECB mode +\& rc2\-ofb 128 bit RC2 in OFB mode +\& rc2\-64\-cbc 64 bit RC2 in CBC mode +\& rc2\-40\-cbc 40 bit RC2 in CBC mode +\& +\& rc4 128 bit RC4 +\& rc4\-64 64 bit RC4 +\& rc4\-40 40 bit RC4 +\& +\& rc5\-cbc RC5 cipher in CBC mode +\& rc5 Alias for rc5\-cbc +\& rc5\-cfb RC5 cipher in CFB mode +\& rc5\-ecb RC5 cipher in ECB mode +\& rc5\-ofb RC5 cipher in OFB mode +\& +\& aes\-[128|192|256]\-cbc 128/192/256 bit AES in CBC mode +\& aes\-[128|192|256] Alias for aes\-[128|192|256]\-cbc +\& aes\-[128|192|256]\-cfb 128/192/256 bit AES in 128 bit CFB mode +\& aes\-[128|192|256]\-cfb1 128/192/256 bit AES in 1 bit CFB mode +\& aes\-[128|192|256]\-cfb8 128/192/256 bit AES in 8 bit CFB mode +\& aes\-[128|192|256]\-ecb 128/192/256 bit AES in ECB mode +\& aes\-[128|192|256]\-ofb 128/192/256 bit AES in OFB mode +.Ve +.SH "EXAMPLES" +.IX Header "EXAMPLES" +Just base64 encode a binary file: +.PP +.Vb 1 +\& openssl base64 \-in file.bin \-out file.b64 +.Ve +.PP +Decode the same file +.PP +.Vb 1 +\& openssl base64 \-d \-in file.b64 \-out file.bin +.Ve +.PP +Encrypt a file using triple \s-1DES\s0 in \s-1CBC\s0 mode using a prompted password: +.PP +.Vb 1 +\& openssl des3 \-salt \-in file.txt \-out file.des3 +.Ve +.PP +Decrypt a file using a supplied password: +.PP +.Vb 1 +\& openssl des3 \-d \-salt \-in file.des3 \-out file.txt \-k mypassword +.Ve +.PP +Encrypt a file then base64 encode it (so it can be sent via mail for example) +using Blowfish in \s-1CBC\s0 mode: +.PP +.Vb 1 +\& openssl bf \-a \-salt \-in file.txt \-out file.bf +.Ve +.PP +Base64 decode a file then decrypt it: +.PP +.Vb 1 +\& openssl bf \-d \-salt \-a \-in file.bf \-out file.txt +.Ve +.PP +Decrypt some data using a supplied 40 bit \s-1RC4\s0 key: +.PP +.Vb 1 +\& openssl rc4\-40 \-in file.rc4 \-out file.txt \-K 0102030405 +.Ve +.SH "BUGS" +.IX Header "BUGS" +The \fB\-A\fR option when used with large files doesn't work properly. +.PP +There should be an option to allow an iteration count to be included. +.PP +The \fBenc\fR program only supports a fixed number of algorithms with +certain parameters. So if, for example, you want to use \s-1RC2\s0 with a +76 bit key or \s-1RC4\s0 with an 84 bit key you can't use this program. |
