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+.\" ========================================================================
+.\"
+.IX Title "SSL_shutdown 3"
+.TH SSL_shutdown 3 "2013-02-11" "1.0.1e" "OpenSSL"
+.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
+.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
+.if n .ad l
+.nh
+.SH "NAME"
+SSL_shutdown \- shut down a TLS/SSL connection
+.SH "SYNOPSIS"
+.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
+.Vb 1
+\& #include <openssl/ssl.h>
+\&
+\& int SSL_shutdown(SSL *ssl);
+.Ve
+.SH "DESCRIPTION"
+.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
+\&\fISSL_shutdown()\fR shuts down an active \s-1TLS/SSL\s0 connection. It sends the
+\&\*(L"close notify\*(R" shutdown alert to the peer.
+.SH "NOTES"
+.IX Header "NOTES"
+\&\fISSL_shutdown()\fR tries to send the \*(L"close notify\*(R" shutdown alert to the peer.
+Whether the operation succeeds or not, the \s-1SSL_SENT_SHUTDOWN\s0 flag is set and
+a currently open session is considered closed and good and will be kept in the
+session cache for further reuse.
+.PP
+The shutdown procedure consists of 2 steps: the sending of the \*(L"close notify\*(R"
+shutdown alert and the reception of the peer's \*(L"close notify\*(R" shutdown
+alert. According to the \s-1TLS\s0 standard, it is acceptable for an application
+to only send its shutdown alert and then close the underlying connection
+without waiting for the peer's response (this way resources can be saved,
+as the process can already terminate or serve another connection).
+When the underlying connection shall be used for more communications, the
+complete shutdown procedure (bidirectional \*(L"close notify\*(R" alerts) must be
+performed, so that the peers stay synchronized.
+.PP
+\&\fISSL_shutdown()\fR supports both uni\- and bidirectional shutdown by its 2 step
+behaviour.
+.ie n .IP "When the application is the first party to send the ""close notify"" alert, \fISSL_shutdown()\fR will only send the alert and then set the \s-1SSL_SENT_SHUTDOWN\s0 flag (so that the session is considered good and will be kept in cache). \fISSL_shutdown()\fR will then return with 0. If a unidirectional shutdown is enough (the underlying connection shall be closed anyway), this first call to \fISSL_shutdown()\fR is sufficient. In order to complete the bidirectional shutdown handshake, \fISSL_shutdown()\fR must be called again. The second call will make \fISSL_shutdown()\fR wait for the peer's ""close notify"" shutdown alert. On success, the second call to \fISSL_shutdown()\fR will return with 1." 4
+.el .IP "When the application is the first party to send the ``close notify'' alert, \fISSL_shutdown()\fR will only send the alert and then set the \s-1SSL_SENT_SHUTDOWN\s0 flag (so that the session is considered good and will be kept in cache). \fISSL_shutdown()\fR will then return with 0. If a unidirectional shutdown is enough (the underlying connection shall be closed anyway), this first call to \fISSL_shutdown()\fR is sufficient. In order to complete the bidirectional shutdown handshake, \fISSL_shutdown()\fR must be called again. The second call will make \fISSL_shutdown()\fR wait for the peer's ``close notify'' shutdown alert. On success, the second call to \fISSL_shutdown()\fR will return with 1." 4
+.IX Item "When the application is the first party to send the close notify alert, SSL_shutdown() will only send the alert and then set the SSL_SENT_SHUTDOWN flag (so that the session is considered good and will be kept in cache). SSL_shutdown() will then return with 0. If a unidirectional shutdown is enough (the underlying connection shall be closed anyway), this first call to SSL_shutdown() is sufficient. In order to complete the bidirectional shutdown handshake, SSL_shutdown() must be called again. The second call will make SSL_shutdown() wait for the peer's close notify shutdown alert. On success, the second call to SSL_shutdown() will return with 1."
+.PD 0
+.ie n .IP "If the peer already sent the ""close notify"" alert \fBand\fR it was already processed implicitly inside another function (\fISSL_read\fR\|(3)), the \s-1SSL_RECEIVED_SHUTDOWN\s0 flag is set. \fISSL_shutdown()\fR will send the ""close notify"" alert, set the \s-1SSL_SENT_SHUTDOWN\s0 flag and will immediately return with 1. Whether \s-1SSL_RECEIVED_SHUTDOWN\s0 is already set can be checked using the \fISSL_get_shutdown()\fR (see also \fISSL_set_shutdown\fR\|(3) call." 4
+.el .IP "If the peer already sent the ``close notify'' alert \fBand\fR it was already processed implicitly inside another function (\fISSL_read\fR\|(3)), the \s-1SSL_RECEIVED_SHUTDOWN\s0 flag is set. \fISSL_shutdown()\fR will send the ``close notify'' alert, set the \s-1SSL_SENT_SHUTDOWN\s0 flag and will immediately return with 1. Whether \s-1SSL_RECEIVED_SHUTDOWN\s0 is already set can be checked using the \fISSL_get_shutdown()\fR (see also \fISSL_set_shutdown\fR\|(3) call." 4
+.IX Item "If the peer already sent the close notify alert and it was already processed implicitly inside another function (SSL_read), the SSL_RECEIVED_SHUTDOWN flag is set. SSL_shutdown() will send the close notify alert, set the SSL_SENT_SHUTDOWN flag and will immediately return with 1. Whether SSL_RECEIVED_SHUTDOWN is already set can be checked using the SSL_get_shutdown() (see also SSL_set_shutdown call."
+.PD
+.PP
+It is therefore recommended, to check the return value of \fISSL_shutdown()\fR
+and call \fISSL_shutdown()\fR again, if the bidirectional shutdown is not yet
+complete (return value of the first call is 0). As the shutdown is not
+specially handled in the SSLv2 protocol, \fISSL_shutdown()\fR will succeed on
+the first call.
+.PP
+The behaviour of \fISSL_shutdown()\fR additionally depends on the underlying \s-1BIO\s0.
+.PP
+If the underlying \s-1BIO\s0 is \fBblocking\fR, \fISSL_shutdown()\fR will only return once the
+handshake step has been finished or an error occurred.
+.PP
+If the underlying \s-1BIO\s0 is \fBnon-blocking\fR, \fISSL_shutdown()\fR will also return
+when the underlying \s-1BIO\s0 could not satisfy the needs of \fISSL_shutdown()\fR
+to continue the handshake. In this case a call to \fISSL_get_error()\fR with the
+return value of \fISSL_shutdown()\fR will yield \fB\s-1SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ\s0\fR or
+\&\fB\s-1SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE\s0\fR. The calling process then must repeat the call after
+taking appropriate action to satisfy the needs of \fISSL_shutdown()\fR.
+The action depends on the underlying \s-1BIO\s0. When using a non-blocking socket,
+nothing is to be done, but \fIselect()\fR can be used to check for the required
+condition. When using a buffering \s-1BIO\s0, like a \s-1BIO\s0 pair, data must be written
+into or retrieved out of the \s-1BIO\s0 before being able to continue.
+.PP
+\&\fISSL_shutdown()\fR can be modified to only set the connection to \*(L"shutdown\*(R"
+state but not actually send the \*(L"close notify\*(R" alert messages,
+see \fISSL_CTX_set_quiet_shutdown\fR\|(3).
+When \*(L"quiet shutdown\*(R" is enabled, \fISSL_shutdown()\fR will always succeed
+and return 1.
+.SH "RETURN VALUES"
+.IX Header "RETURN VALUES"
+The following return values can occur:
+.IP "1." 4
+The shutdown was successfully completed. The \*(L"close notify\*(R" alert was sent
+and the peer's \*(L"close notify\*(R" alert was received.
+.IP "2." 4
+The shutdown is not yet finished. Call \fISSL_shutdown()\fR for a second time,
+if a bidirectional shutdown shall be performed.
+The output of \fISSL_get_error\fR\|(3) may be misleading, as an
+erroneous \s-1SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL\s0 may be flagged even though no error occurred.
+.IP "3." 4
+\&\-1
+.Sp
+The shutdown was not successful because a fatal error occurred either
+at the protocol level or a connection failure occurred. It can also occur if
+action is need to continue the operation for non-blocking BIOs.
+Call \fISSL_get_error\fR\|(3) with the return value \fBret\fR
+to find out the reason.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+.IX Header "SEE ALSO"
+\&\fISSL_get_error\fR\|(3), \fISSL_connect\fR\|(3),
+\&\fISSL_accept\fR\|(3), \fISSL_set_shutdown\fR\|(3),
+\&\fISSL_CTX_set_quiet_shutdown\fR\|(3),
+\&\fISSL_clear\fR\|(3), \fISSL_free\fR\|(3),
+\&\fIssl\fR\|(3), \fIbio\fR\|(3)
+.SH "POD ERRORS"
+.IX Header "POD ERRORS"
+Hey! \fBThe above document had some coding errors, which are explained below:\fR
+.IP "Around line 100:" 4
+.IX Item "Around line 100:"
+You have '=item 0' instead of the expected '=item 2'
+.IP "Around line 107:" 4
+.IX Item "Around line 107:"
+Expected '=item 3'
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