diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'secure/lib/libcrypto/man/pkcs8.1')
| -rw-r--r-- | secure/lib/libcrypto/man/pkcs8.1 | 348 |
1 files changed, 0 insertions, 348 deletions
diff --git a/secure/lib/libcrypto/man/pkcs8.1 b/secure/lib/libcrypto/man/pkcs8.1 deleted file mode 100644 index 110df1a..0000000 --- a/secure/lib/libcrypto/man/pkcs8.1 +++ /dev/null @@ -1,348 +0,0 @@ -.\" Automatically generated by Pod::Man version 1.15 -.\" Tue Jul 30 09:20:51 2002 -.\" -.\" Standard preamble: -.\" ====================================================================== -.de Sh \" Subsection heading -.br -.if t .Sp -.ne 5 -.PP -\fB\\$1\fR -.PP -.. -.de Sp \" Vertical space (when we can't use .PP) -.if t .sp .5v -.if n .sp -.. -.de Ip \" List item -.br -.ie \\n(.$>=3 .ne \\$3 -.el .ne 3 -.IP "\\$1" \\$2 -.. -.de Vb \" Begin verbatim text -.ft CW -.nf -.ne \\$1 -.. -.de Ve \" End verbatim text -.ft R - -.fi -.. -.\" Set up some character translations and predefined strings. \*(-- will -.\" give an unbreakable dash, \*(PI will give pi, \*(L" will give a left -.\" double quote, and \*(R" will give a right double quote. | will give a -.\" real vertical bar. \*(C+ will give a nicer C++. Capital omega is used -.\" to do unbreakable dashes and therefore won't be available. \*(C` and -.\" \*(C' expand to `' in nroff, nothing in troff, for use with C<> -.tr \(*W-|\(bv\*(Tr -.ds C+ C\v'-.1v'\h'-1p'\s-2+\h'-1p'+\s0\v'.1v'\h'-1p' -.ie n \{\ -. ds -- \(*W- -. ds PI pi -. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=24u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-12u'-\" diablo 10 pitch -. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=20u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-8u'-\" diablo 12 pitch -. ds L" "" -. ds R" "" -. ds C` "" -. ds C' "" -'br\} -.el\{\ -. ds -- \|\(em\| -. ds PI \(*p -. ds L" `` -. ds R" '' -'br\} -.\" -.\" If the F register is turned on, we'll generate index entries on stderr -.\" for titles (.TH), headers (.SH), subsections (.Sh), items (.Ip), and -.\" index entries marked with X<> in POD. Of course, you'll have to process -.\" the output yourself in some meaningful fashion. -.if \nF \{\ -. de IX -. tm Index:\\$1\t\\n%\t"\\$2" -.. -. nr % 0 -. rr F -.\} -.\" -.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it -.\" makes way too many mistakes in technical documents. -.hy 0 -.if n .na -.\" -.\" Accent mark definitions (@(#)ms.acc 1.5 88/02/08 SMI; from UCB 4.2). -.\" Fear. Run. Save yourself. No user-serviceable parts. -.bd B 3 -. \" fudge factors for nroff and troff -.if n \{\ -. ds #H 0 -. ds #V .8m -. ds #F .3m -. ds #[ \f1 -. ds #] \fP -.\} -.if t \{\ -. ds #H ((1u-(\\\\n(.fu%2u))*.13m) -. ds #V .6m -. ds #F 0 -. ds #[ \& -. ds #] \& -.\} -. \" simple accents for nroff and troff -.if n \{\ -. ds ' \& -. ds ` \& -. ds ^ \& -. ds , \& -. ds ~ ~ -. ds / -.\} -.if t \{\ -. ds ' \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\'\h"|\\n:u" -. ds ` \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\`\h'|\\n:u' -. ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'^\h'|\\n:u' -. ds , \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10)',\h'|\\n:u' -. ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu-\*(#H-.1m)'~\h'|\\n:u' -. ds / \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\z\(sl\h'|\\n:u' -.\} -. \" troff and (daisy-wheel) nroff accents -.ds : \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H+.1m+\*(#F)'\v'-\*(#V'\z.\h'.2m+\*(#F'.\h'|\\n:u'\v'\*(#V' -.ds 8 \h'\*(#H'\(*b\h'-\*(#H' -.ds o \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu+\w'\(de'u-\*(#H)/2u'\v'-.3n'\*(#[\z\(de\v'.3n'\h'|\\n:u'\*(#] -.ds d- \h'\*(#H'\(pd\h'-\w'~'u'\v'-.25m'\f2\(hy\fP\v'.25m'\h'-\*(#H' -.ds D- D\\k:\h'-\w'D'u'\v'-.11m'\z\(hy\v'.11m'\h'|\\n:u' -.ds th \*(#[\v'.3m'\s+1I\s-1\v'-.3m'\h'-(\w'I'u*2/3)'\s-1o\s+1\*(#] -.ds Th \*(#[\s+2I\s-2\h'-\w'I'u*3/5'\v'-.3m'o\v'.3m'\*(#] -.ds ae a\h'-(\w'a'u*4/10)'e -.ds Ae A\h'-(\w'A'u*4/10)'E -. \" corrections for vroff -.if v .ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*9/10-\*(#H)'\s-2\u~\d\s+2\h'|\\n:u' -.if v .ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'\v'-.4m'^\v'.4m'\h'|\\n:u' -. \" for low resolution devices (crt and lpr) -.if \n(.H>23 .if \n(.V>19 \ -\{\ -. ds : e -. ds 8 ss -. ds o a -. ds d- d\h'-1'\(ga -. ds D- D\h'-1'\(hy -. ds th \o'bp' -. ds Th \o'LP' -. ds ae ae -. ds Ae AE -.\} -.rm #[ #] #H #V #F C -.\" ====================================================================== -.\" -.IX Title "PKCS8 1" -.TH PKCS8 1 "0.9.6e" "2000-04-13" "OpenSSL" -.UC -.SH "NAME" -pkcs8 \- PKCS#8 format private key conversion tool -.SH "SYNOPSIS" -.IX Header "SYNOPSIS" -\&\fBopenssl\fR \fBpkcs8\fR -[\fB\-topk8\fR] -[\fB\-inform PEM|DER\fR] -[\fB\-outform PEM|DER\fR] -[\fB\-in filename\fR] -[\fB\-passin arg\fR] -[\fB\-out filename\fR] -[\fB\-passout arg\fR] -[\fB\-noiter\fR] -[\fB\-nocrypt\fR] -[\fB\-nooct\fR] -[\fB\-embed\fR] -[\fB\-nsdb\fR] -[\fB\-v2 alg\fR] -[\fB\-v1 alg\fR] -.SH "DESCRIPTION" -.IX Header "DESCRIPTION" -The \fBpkcs8\fR command processes private keys in PKCS#8 format. It can handle -both unencrypted PKCS#8 PrivateKeyInfo format and EncryptedPrivateKeyInfo -format with a variety of PKCS#5 (v1.5 and v2.0) and PKCS#12 algorithms. -.SH "COMMAND OPTIONS" -.IX Header "COMMAND OPTIONS" -.Ip "\fB\-topk8\fR" 4 -.IX Item "-topk8" -Normally a PKCS#8 private key is expected on input and a traditional format -private key will be written. With the \fB\-topk8\fR option the situation is -reversed: it reads a traditional format private key and writes a PKCS#8 -format key. -.Ip "\fB\-inform DER|PEM\fR" 4 -.IX Item "-inform DER|PEM" -This specifies the input format. If a PKCS#8 format key is expected on input -then either a \fB\s-1DER\s0\fR or \fB\s-1PEM\s0\fR encoded version of a PKCS#8 key will be -expected. Otherwise the \fB\s-1DER\s0\fR or \fB\s-1PEM\s0\fR format of the traditional format -private key is used. -.Ip "\fB\-outform DER|PEM\fR" 4 -.IX Item "-outform DER|PEM" -This specifies the output format, the options have the same meaning as the -\&\fB\-inform\fR option. -.Ip "\fB\-in filename\fR" 4 -.IX Item "-in filename" -This specifies the input filename to read a key from or standard input if this -option is not specified. If the key is encrypted a pass phrase will be -prompted for. -.Ip "\fB\-passin arg\fR" 4 -.IX Item "-passin arg" -the input file password source. For more information about the format of \fBarg\fR -see the \fB\s-1PASS\s0 \s-1PHRASE\s0 \s-1ARGUMENTS\s0\fR section in openssl(1). -.Ip "\fB\-out filename\fR" 4 -.IX Item "-out filename" -This specifies the output filename to write a key to or standard output by -default. If any encryption options are set then a pass phrase will be -prompted for. The output filename should \fBnot\fR be the same as the input -filename. -.Ip "\fB\-passout arg\fR" 4 -.IX Item "-passout arg" -the output file password source. For more information about the format of \fBarg\fR -see the \fB\s-1PASS\s0 \s-1PHRASE\s0 \s-1ARGUMENTS\s0\fR section in openssl(1). -.Ip "\fB\-nocrypt\fR" 4 -.IX Item "-nocrypt" -PKCS#8 keys generated or input are normally PKCS#8 EncryptedPrivateKeyInfo -structures using an appropriate password based encryption algorithm. With -this option an unencrypted PrivateKeyInfo structure is expected or output. -This option does not encrypt private keys at all and should only be used -when absolutely necessary. Certain software such as some versions of Java -code signing software used unencrypted private keys. -.Ip "\fB\-nooct\fR" 4 -.IX Item "-nooct" -This option generates \s-1RSA\s0 private keys in a broken format that some software -uses. Specifically the private key should be enclosed in a \s-1OCTET\s0 \s-1STRING\s0 -but some software just includes the structure itself without the -surrounding \s-1OCTET\s0 \s-1STRING\s0. -.Ip "\fB\-embed\fR" 4 -.IX Item "-embed" -This option generates \s-1DSA\s0 keys in a broken format. The \s-1DSA\s0 parameters are -embedded inside the PrivateKey structure. In this form the \s-1OCTET\s0 \s-1STRING\s0 -contains an \s-1ASN1\s0 \s-1SEQUENCE\s0 consisting of two structures: a \s-1SEQUENCE\s0 containing -the parameters and an \s-1ASN1\s0 \s-1INTEGER\s0 containing the private key. -.Ip "\fB\-nsdb\fR" 4 -.IX Item "-nsdb" -This option generates \s-1DSA\s0 keys in a broken format compatible with Netscape -private key databases. The PrivateKey contains a \s-1SEQUENCE\s0 consisting of -the public and private keys respectively. -.Ip "\fB\-v2 alg\fR" 4 -.IX Item "-v2 alg" -This option enables the use of PKCS#5 v2.0 algorithms. Normally PKCS#8 -private keys are encrypted with the password based encryption algorithm -called \fBpbeWithMD5AndDES-CBC\fR this uses 56 bit \s-1DES\s0 encryption but it -was the strongest encryption algorithm supported in PKCS#5 v1.5. Using -the \fB\-v2\fR option PKCS#5 v2.0 algorithms are used which can use any -encryption algorithm such as 168 bit triple \s-1DES\s0 or 128 bit \s-1RC2\s0 however -not many implementations support PKCS#5 v2.0 yet. If you are just using -private keys with OpenSSL then this doesn't matter. -.Sp -The \fBalg\fR argument is the encryption algorithm to use, valid values include -\&\fBdes\fR, \fBdes3\fR and \fBrc2\fR. It is recommended that \fBdes3\fR is used. -.Ip "\fB\-v1 alg\fR" 4 -.IX Item "-v1 alg" -This option specifies a PKCS#5 v1.5 or PKCS#12 algorithm to use. A complete -list of possible algorithms is included below. -.SH "NOTES" -.IX Header "NOTES" -The encrypted form of a \s-1PEM\s0 encode PKCS#8 files uses the following -headers and footers: -.PP -.Vb 2 -\& -----BEGIN ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY----- -\& -----END ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY----- -.Ve -The unencrypted form uses: -.PP -.Vb 2 -\& -----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY----- -\& -----END PRIVATE KEY----- -.Ve -Private keys encrypted using PKCS#5 v2.0 algorithms and high iteration -counts are more secure that those encrypted using the traditional -SSLeay compatible formats. So if additional security is considered -important the keys should be converted. -.PP -The default encryption is only 56 bits because this is the encryption -that most current implementations of PKCS#8 will support. -.PP -Some software may use PKCS#12 password based encryption algorithms -with PKCS#8 format private keys: these are handled automatically -but there is no option to produce them. -.PP -It is possible to write out \s-1DER\s0 encoded encrypted private keys in -PKCS#8 format because the encryption details are included at an \s-1ASN1\s0 -level whereas the traditional format includes them at a \s-1PEM\s0 level. -.SH "PKCS#5 v1.5 and PKCS#12 algorithms." -.IX Header "PKCS#5 v1.5 and PKCS#12 algorithms." -Various algorithms can be used with the \fB\-v1\fR command line option, -including PKCS#5 v1.5 and PKCS#12. These are described in more detail -below. -.Ip "\fB\s-1PBE-MD2\-DES\s0 \s-1PBE-MD5\-DES\s0\fR" 4 -.IX Item "PBE-MD2-DES PBE-MD5-DES" -These algorithms were included in the original PKCS#5 v1.5 specification. -They only offer 56 bits of protection since they both use \s-1DES\s0. -.Ip "\fB\s-1PBE-SHA1\-RC2\-64\s0 \s-1PBE-MD2\-RC2\-64\s0 \s-1PBE-MD5\-RC2\-64\s0 \s-1PBE-SHA1\-DES\s0\fR" 4 -.IX Item "PBE-SHA1-RC2-64 PBE-MD2-RC2-64 PBE-MD5-RC2-64 PBE-SHA1-DES" -These algorithms are not mentioned in the original PKCS#5 v1.5 specification -but they use the same key derivation algorithm and are supported by some -software. They are mentioned in PKCS#5 v2.0. They use either 64 bit \s-1RC2\s0 or -56 bit \s-1DES\s0. -.Ip "\fB\s-1PBE-SHA1\-RC4\-128\s0 \s-1PBE-SHA1\-RC4\-40\s0 \s-1PBE-SHA1\-3DES\s0 \s-1PBE-SHA1\-2DES\s0 \s-1PBE-SHA1\-RC2\-128\s0 \s-1PBE-SHA1\-RC2\-40\s0\fR" 4 -.IX Item "PBE-SHA1-RC4-128 PBE-SHA1-RC4-40 PBE-SHA1-3DES PBE-SHA1-2DES PBE-SHA1-RC2-128 PBE-SHA1-RC2-40" -These algorithms use the PKCS#12 password based encryption algorithm and -allow strong encryption algorithms like triple \s-1DES\s0 or 128 bit \s-1RC2\s0 to be used. -.SH "EXAMPLES" -.IX Header "EXAMPLES" -Convert a private from traditional to PKCS#5 v2.0 format using triple -\&\s-1DES:\s0 -.PP -.Vb 1 -\& openssl pkcs8 -in key.pem -topk8 -v2 des3 -out enckey.pem -.Ve -Convert a private key to PKCS#8 using a PKCS#5 1.5 compatible algorithm -(\s-1DES\s0): -.PP -.Vb 1 -\& openssl pkcs8 -in key.pem -topk8 -out enckey.pem -.Ve -Convert a private key to PKCS#8 using a PKCS#12 compatible algorithm -(3DES): -.PP -.Vb 1 -\& openssl pkcs8 -in key.pem -topk8 -out enckey.pem -v1 PBE-SHA1-3DES -.Ve -Read a \s-1DER\s0 unencrypted PKCS#8 format private key: -.PP -.Vb 1 -\& openssl pkcs8 -inform DER -nocrypt -in key.der -out key.pem -.Ve -Convert a private key from any PKCS#8 format to traditional format: -.PP -.Vb 1 -\& openssl pkcs8 -in pk8.pem -out key.pem -.Ve -.SH "STANDARDS" -.IX Header "STANDARDS" -Test vectors from this PKCS#5 v2.0 implementation were posted to the -pkcs-tng mailing list using triple \s-1DES\s0, \s-1DES\s0 and \s-1RC2\s0 with high iteration -counts, several people confirmed that they could decrypt the private -keys produced and Therefore it can be assumed that the PKCS#5 v2.0 -implementation is reasonably accurate at least as far as these -algorithms are concerned. -.PP -The format of PKCS#8 \s-1DSA\s0 (and other) private keys is not well documented: -it is hidden away in PKCS#11 v2.01, section 11.9. OpenSSL's default \s-1DSA\s0 -PKCS#8 private key format complies with this standard. -.SH "BUGS" -.IX Header "BUGS" -There should be an option that prints out the encryption algorithm -in use and other details such as the iteration count. -.PP -PKCS#8 using triple \s-1DES\s0 and PKCS#5 v2.0 should be the default private -key format for OpenSSL: for compatibility several of the utilities use -the old format at present. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.IX Header "SEE ALSO" -dsa(1), rsa(1), genrsa(1), -gendsa(1) |
