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-.\" ======================================================================
-.\"
-.IX Title "OPENSSL 1"
-.TH OPENSSL 1 "0.9.6e" "2002-01-26" "OpenSSL"
-.UC
-.SH "NAME"
-openssl \- OpenSSL command line tool
-.SH "SYNOPSIS"
-.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
-\&\fBopenssl\fR
-\&\fIcommand\fR
-[ \fIcommand_opts\fR ]
-[ \fIcommand_args\fR ]
-.PP
-\&\fBopenssl\fR [ \fBlist-standard-commands\fR | \fBlist-message-digest-commands\fR | \fBlist-cipher-commands\fR ]
-.PP
-\&\fBopenssl\fR \fBno-\fR\fI\s-1XXX\s0\fR [ \fIarbitrary options\fR ]
-.SH "DESCRIPTION"
-.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
-OpenSSL is a cryptography toolkit implementing the Secure Sockets Layer (\s-1SSL\s0
-v2/v3) and Transport Layer Security (\s-1TLS\s0 v1) network protocols and related
-cryptography standards required by them.
-.PP
-The \fBopenssl\fR program is a command line tool for using the various
-cryptography functions of OpenSSL's \fBcrypto\fR library from the shell.
-It can be used for
-.PP
-.Vb 6
-\& o Creation of RSA, DH and DSA key parameters
-\& o Creation of X.509 certificates, CSRs and CRLs
-\& o Calculation of Message Digests
-\& o Encryption and Decryption with Ciphers
-\& o SSL/TLS Client and Server Tests
-\& o Handling of S/MIME signed or encrypted mail
-.Ve
-.SH "COMMAND SUMMARY"
-.IX Header "COMMAND SUMMARY"
-The \fBopenssl\fR program provides a rich variety of commands (\fIcommand\fR in the
-\&\s-1SYNOPSIS\s0 above), each of which often has a wealth of options and arguments
-(\fIcommand_opts\fR and \fIcommand_args\fR in the \s-1SYNOPSIS\s0).
-.PP
-The pseudo-commands \fBlist-standard-commands\fR, \fBlist-message-digest-commands\fR,
-and \fBlist-cipher-commands\fR output a list (one entry per line) of the names
-of all standard commands, message digest commands, or cipher commands,
-respectively, that are available in the present \fBopenssl\fR utility.
-.PP
-The pseudo-command \fBno-\fR\fI\s-1XXX\s0\fR tests whether a command of the
-specified name is available. If no command named \fI\s-1XXX\s0\fR exists, it
-returns 0 (success) and prints \fBno-\fR\fI\s-1XXX\s0\fR; otherwise it returns 1
-and prints \fI\s-1XXX\s0\fR. In both cases, the output goes to \fBstdout\fR and
-nothing is printed to \fBstderr\fR. Additional command line arguments
-are always ignored. Since for each cipher there is a command of the
-same name, this provides an easy way for shell scripts to test for the
-availability of ciphers in the \fBopenssl\fR program. (\fBno-\fR\fI\s-1XXX\s0\fR is
-not able to detect pseudo-commands such as \fBquit\fR,
-\&\fBlist-\fR\fI...\fR\fB\-commands\fR, or \fBno-\fR\fI\s-1XXX\s0\fR itself.)
-.Sh "\s-1STANDARD\s0 \s-1COMMANDS\s0"
-.IX Subsection "STANDARD COMMANDS"
-.Ip "\fBasn1parse\fR" 10
-.IX Item "asn1parse"
-Parse an \s-1ASN\s0.1 sequence.
-.Ip "\fBca\fR" 10
-.IX Item "ca"
-Certificate Authority (\s-1CA\s0) Management.
-.Ip "\fBciphers\fR" 10
-.IX Item "ciphers"
-Cipher Suite Description Determination.
-.Ip "\fBcrl\fR" 10
-.IX Item "crl"
-Certificate Revocation List (\s-1CRL\s0) Management.
-.Ip "\fBcrl2pkcs7\fR" 10
-.IX Item "crl2pkcs7"
-\&\s-1CRL\s0 to PKCS#7 Conversion.
-.Ip "\fBdgst\fR" 10
-.IX Item "dgst"
-Message Digest Calculation.
-.Ip "\fBdh\fR" 10
-.IX Item "dh"
-Diffie-Hellman Parameter Management.
-Obsoleted by \fBdhparam\fR.
-.Ip "\fBdsa\fR" 10
-.IX Item "dsa"
-\&\s-1DSA\s0 Data Management.
-.Ip "\fBdsaparam\fR" 10
-.IX Item "dsaparam"
-\&\s-1DSA\s0 Parameter Generation.
-.Ip "\fBenc\fR" 10
-.IX Item "enc"
-Encoding with Ciphers.
-.Ip "\fBerrstr\fR" 10
-.IX Item "errstr"
-Error Number to Error String Conversion.
-.Ip "\fBdhparam\fR" 10
-.IX Item "dhparam"
-Generation and Management of Diffie-Hellman Parameters.
-.Ip "\fBgendh\fR" 10
-.IX Item "gendh"
-Generation of Diffie-Hellman Parameters.
-Obsoleted by \fBdhparam\fR.
-.Ip "\fBgendsa\fR" 10
-.IX Item "gendsa"
-Generation of \s-1DSA\s0 Parameters.
-.Ip "\fBgenrsa\fR" 10
-.IX Item "genrsa"
-Generation of \s-1RSA\s0 Parameters.
-.Ip "\fBpasswd\fR" 10
-.IX Item "passwd"
-Generation of hashed passwords.
-.Ip "\fBpkcs12\fR" 10
-.IX Item "pkcs12"
-PKCS#12 Data Management.
-.Ip "\fBpkcs7\fR" 10
-.IX Item "pkcs7"
-PKCS#7 Data Management.
-.Ip "\fBrand\fR" 10
-.IX Item "rand"
-Generate pseudo-random bytes.
-.Ip "\fBreq\fR" 10
-.IX Item "req"
-X.509 Certificate Signing Request (\s-1CSR\s0) Management.
-.Ip "\fBrsa\fR" 10
-.IX Item "rsa"
-\&\s-1RSA\s0 Data Management.
-.Ip "\fBrsautl\fR" 10
-.IX Item "rsautl"
-\&\s-1RSA\s0 utility for signing, verification, encryption, and decryption.
-.Ip "\fBs_client\fR" 10
-.IX Item "s_client"
-This implements a generic \s-1SSL/TLS\s0 client which can establish a transparent
-connection to a remote server speaking \s-1SSL/TLS\s0. It's intended for testing
-purposes only and provides only rudimentary interface functionality but
-internally uses mostly all functionality of the OpenSSL \fBssl\fR library.
-.Ip "\fBs_server\fR" 10
-.IX Item "s_server"
-This implements a generic \s-1SSL/TLS\s0 server which accepts connections from remote
-clients speaking \s-1SSL/TLS\s0. It's intended for testing purposes only and provides
-only rudimentary interface functionality but internally uses mostly all
-functionality of the OpenSSL \fBssl\fR library. It provides both an own command
-line oriented protocol for testing \s-1SSL\s0 functions and a simple \s-1HTTP\s0 response
-facility to emulate an SSL/TLS-aware webserver.
-.Ip "\fBs_time\fR" 10
-.IX Item "s_time"
-\&\s-1SSL\s0 Connection Timer.
-.Ip "\fBsess_id\fR" 10
-.IX Item "sess_id"
-\&\s-1SSL\s0 Session Data Management.
-.Ip "\fBsmime\fR" 10
-.IX Item "smime"
-S/MIME mail processing.
-.Ip "\fBspeed\fR" 10
-.IX Item "speed"
-Algorithm Speed Measurement.
-.Ip "\fBverify\fR" 10
-.IX Item "verify"
-X.509 Certificate Verification.
-.Ip "\fBversion\fR" 10
-.IX Item "version"
-OpenSSL Version Information.
-.Ip "\fBx509\fR" 10
-.IX Item "x509"
-X.509 Certificate Data Management.
-.Sh "\s-1MESSAGE\s0 \s-1DIGEST\s0 \s-1COMMANDS\s0"
-.IX Subsection "MESSAGE DIGEST COMMANDS"
-.Ip "\fBmd2\fR" 10
-.IX Item "md2"
-\&\s-1MD2\s0 Digest
-.Ip "\fBmd5\fR" 10
-.IX Item "md5"
-\&\s-1MD5\s0 Digest
-.Ip "\fBmdc2\fR" 10
-.IX Item "mdc2"
-\&\s-1MDC2\s0 Digest
-.Ip "\fBrmd160\fR" 10
-.IX Item "rmd160"
-\&\s-1RMD-160\s0 Digest
-.Ip "\fBsha\fR" 10
-.IX Item "sha"
-\&\s-1SHA\s0 Digest
-.Ip "\fBsha1\fR" 10
-.IX Item "sha1"
-\&\s-1SHA-1\s0 Digest
-.Sh "\s-1ENCODING\s0 \s-1AND\s0 \s-1CIPHER\s0 \s-1COMMANDS\s0"
-.IX Subsection "ENCODING AND CIPHER COMMANDS"
-.Ip "\fBbase64\fR" 10
-.IX Item "base64"
-Base64 Encoding
-.Ip "\fBbf bf-cbc bf-cfb bf-ecb bf-ofb\fR" 10
-.IX Item "bf bf-cbc bf-cfb bf-ecb bf-ofb"
-Blowfish Cipher
-.Ip "\fBcast cast-cbc\fR" 10
-.IX Item "cast cast-cbc"
-\&\s-1CAST\s0 Cipher
-.Ip "\fBcast5\-cbc cast5\-cfb cast5\-ecb cast5\-ofb\fR" 10
-.IX Item "cast5-cbc cast5-cfb cast5-ecb cast5-ofb"
-\&\s-1CAST5\s0 Cipher
-.Ip "\fBdes des-cbc des-cfb des-ecb des-ede des-ede-cbc des-ede-cfb des-ede-ofb des-ofb\fR" 10
-.IX Item "des des-cbc des-cfb des-ecb des-ede des-ede-cbc des-ede-cfb des-ede-ofb des-ofb"
-\&\s-1DES\s0 Cipher
-.Ip "\fBdes3 desx des-ede3 des-ede3\-cbc des-ede3\-cfb des-ede3\-ofb\fR" 10
-.IX Item "des3 desx des-ede3 des-ede3-cbc des-ede3-cfb des-ede3-ofb"
-Triple-DES Cipher
-.Ip "\fBidea idea-cbc idea-cfb idea-ecb idea-ofb\fR" 10
-.IX Item "idea idea-cbc idea-cfb idea-ecb idea-ofb"
-\&\s-1IDEA\s0 Cipher
-.Ip "\fBrc2 rc2\-cbc rc2\-cfb rc2\-ecb rc2\-ofb\fR" 10
-.IX Item "rc2 rc2-cbc rc2-cfb rc2-ecb rc2-ofb"
-\&\s-1RC2\s0 Cipher
-.Ip "\fBrc4\fR" 10
-.IX Item "rc4"
-\&\s-1RC4\s0 Cipher
-.Ip "\fBrc5 rc5\-cbc rc5\-cfb rc5\-ecb rc5\-ofb\fR" 10
-.IX Item "rc5 rc5-cbc rc5-cfb rc5-ecb rc5-ofb"
-\&\s-1RC5\s0 Cipher
-.SH "PASS PHRASE ARGUMENTS"
-.IX Header "PASS PHRASE ARGUMENTS"
-Several commands accept password arguments, typically using \fB\-passin\fR
-and \fB\-passout\fR for input and output passwords respectively. These allow
-the password to be obtained from a variety of sources. Both of these
-options take a single argument whose format is described below. If no
-password argument is given and a password is required then the user is
-prompted to enter one: this will typically be read from the current
-terminal with echoing turned off.
-.Ip "\fBpass:password\fR" 10
-.IX Item "pass:password"
-the actual password is \fBpassword\fR. Since the password is visible
-to utilities (like 'ps' under Unix) this form should only be used
-where security is not important.
-.Ip "\fBenv:var\fR" 10
-.IX Item "env:var"
-obtain the password from the environment variable \fBvar\fR. Since
-the environment of other processes is visible on certain platforms
-(e.g. ps under certain Unix OSes) this option should be used with caution.
-.Ip "\fBfile:pathname\fR" 10
-.IX Item "file:pathname"
-the first line of \fBpathname\fR is the password. If the same \fBpathname\fR
-argument is supplied to \fB\-passin\fR and \fB\-passout\fR arguments then the first
-line will be used for the input password and the next line for the output
-password. \fBpathname\fR need not refer to a regular file: it could for example
-refer to a device or named pipe.
-.Ip "\fBfd:number\fR" 10
-.IX Item "fd:number"
-read the password from the file descriptor \fBnumber\fR. This can be used to
-send the data via a pipe for example.
-.Ip "\fBstdin\fR" 10
-.IX Item "stdin"
-read the password from standard input.
-.SH "SEE ALSO"
-.IX Header "SEE ALSO"
-asn1parse(1), ca(1), config(5),
-crl(1), crl2pkcs7(1), dgst(1),
-dhparam(1), dsa(1), dsaparam(1),
-enc(1), gendsa(1),
-genrsa(1), nseq(1), openssl(1),
-passwd(1),
-pkcs12(1), pkcs7(1), pkcs8(1),
-rand(1), req(1), rsa(1),
-rsautl(1), s_client(1),
-s_server(1), smime(1), spkac(1),
-verify(1), version(1), x509(1),
-crypto(3), ssl(3)
-.SH "HISTORY"
-.IX Header "HISTORY"
-The \fIopenssl\fR\|(1) document appeared in OpenSSL 0.9.2.
-The \fBlist-\fR\fI\s-1XXX\s0\fR\fB\-commands\fR pseudo-commands were added in OpenSSL 0.9.3;
-the \fBno-\fR\fI\s-1XXX\s0\fR pseudo-commands were added in OpenSSL 0.9.5a.
-For notes on the availability of other commands, see their individual
-manual pages.
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