diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'sbin')
69 files changed, 488 insertions, 487 deletions
diff --git a/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz.8 b/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz.8 index d1606e3..15f2627 100644 --- a/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz.8 +++ b/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz.8 @@ -42,13 +42,13 @@ is always set to UTC, and the CMOS clock, which may be set to local time. .Nm Adjkerntz also informs the kernel about machine timezone shifts to -maintain proper timestamps for local time file systems such as the MS-DOS -file system. +maintain proper timestamps for local time filesystems such as the MS-DOS +filesystem. The main purpose of this thing is not general fixing of initially broken MS-DOS file timestamp idea but keeping the same timestamps between .Fx -MS-DOS file system +MS-DOS filesystem and MS-DOS operating system installed on the same machine. If the file @@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ also stores the local time zone offset into the .Pa machdep.adjkerntz kernel variable, for use by subsequent invocations of .Em "'adjkerntz -a'" -and by local time file systems. +and by local time filesystems. .Pp For a local time CMOS clock .Em "'adjkerntz -i'" diff --git a/sbin/badsect/badsect.8 b/sbin/badsect/badsect.8 index 7ac3e72..e5d4e9e 100644 --- a/sbin/badsect/badsect.8 +++ b/sbin/badsect/badsect.8 @@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ The technique used by this program is also less general than bad block forwarding, as .Nm can't make amends for -bad blocks in the i-list of file systems or in swap areas. +bad blocks in the i-list of filesystems or in swap areas. .Pp On some disks, adding a sector which is suddenly bad to the bad sector table @@ -68,8 +68,8 @@ do not support the bad-blocking standard may be used to good effect. .Pp .Nm Badsect -is used on a quiet file system in the following way: -First mount the file system, and change to its root directory. +is used on a quiet filesystem in the following way: +First mount the filesystem, and change to its root directory. Make a directory .Li BAD there. @@ -80,12 +80,12 @@ giving as argument the directory followed by all the bad sectors you wish to add. (The sector numbers must be relative to the beginning of -the file system, but this is not hard as the system reports +the filesystem, but this is not hard as the system reports relative sector numbers in its console error messages.) -Then change back to the root directory, unmount the file system +Then change back to the root directory, unmount the filesystem and run .Xr fsck 8 -on the file system. The bad sectors should show up in two files +on the filesystem. The bad sectors should show up in two files or in the bad sector files and the free list. Have .Xr fsck remove files containing the offending bad sectors, but @@ -115,14 +115,14 @@ to convert the inode to a regular file containing the bad block. .Sh DIAGNOSTICS .Nm Badsect refuses to attach a block that -resides in a critical area or is out of range of the file system. +resides in a critical area or is out of range of the filesystem. A warning is issued if the block is already in use. .Sh BUGS -If more than one sector which comprise a file system fragment are bad, +If more than one sector which comprise a filesystem fragment are bad, you should specify only one of them to .Nm , as the blocks in the bad sector files actually cover all the sectors in a -file system fragment. +filesystem fragment. .Sh HISTORY The .Nm diff --git a/sbin/badsect/badsect.c b/sbin/badsect/badsect.c index 2705462..6094db2 100644 --- a/sbin/badsect/badsect.c +++ b/sbin/badsect/badsect.c @@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ static const char rcsid[] = * and makes files containing the blocks of which these sectors are a part. * It can be used to contain sectors which have problems if these sectors * are not part of the bad file for the pack (see bad144). For instance, - * this program can be used if the driver for the file system in question + * this program can be used if the driver for the filesystem in question * does not support bad block forwarding. */ #include <sys/param.h> @@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ chkuse(daddr_t blkno, int cnt) fsbn = dbtofsb(fs, blkno); if ((unsigned)(fsbn+cnt) > fs->fs_size) { - printf("block %ld out of range of file system\n", (long)blkno); + printf("block %ld out of range of filesystem\n", (long)blkno); return (1); } cg = dtog(fs, fsbn); @@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ chkuse(daddr_t blkno, int cnt) } /* - * read a block from the file system + * read a block from the filesystem */ void rdfs(daddr_t bno, int size, char *bf) diff --git a/sbin/bsdlabel/bsdlabel.5 b/sbin/bsdlabel/bsdlabel.5 index 7b81671..4b44c0e 100644 --- a/sbin/bsdlabel/bsdlabel.5 +++ b/sbin/bsdlabel/bsdlabel.5 @@ -298,11 +298,11 @@ static char *dktypenames[] = { #define FS_SYSV 4 /* System V */ #define FS_V71K 5 /* V7 with 1K blocks (4.1, 2.9) */ #define FS_V8 6 /* Eighth Edition, 4K blocks */ -#define FS_BSDFFS 7 /* 4.2BSD fast file system */ -#define FS_MSDOS 8 /* MSDOS file system */ -#define FS_BSDLFS 9 /* 4.4BSD log-structured file system */ +#define FS_BSDFFS 7 /* 4.2BSD fast filesystem */ +#define FS_MSDOS 8 /* MSDOS filesystem */ +#define FS_BSDLFS 9 /* 4.4BSD log-structured filesystem */ #define FS_OTHER 10 /* in use, but unknown/unsupported */ -#define FS_HPFS 11 /* OS/2 high-performance file system */ +#define FS_HPFS 11 /* OS/2 high-performance filesystem */ #define FS_ISO9660 12 /* ISO 9660, normally CD-ROM */ #define FS_BOOT 13 /* partition contains bootstrap */ #define FS_VINUM 14 /* Vinum drive */ diff --git a/sbin/bsdlabel/bsdlabel.8 b/sbin/bsdlabel/bsdlabel.8 index b11579e..4c674b5 100644 --- a/sbin/bsdlabel/bsdlabel.8 +++ b/sbin/bsdlabel/bsdlabel.8 @@ -628,7 +628,7 @@ will be interpreted as an offset of 0. .It fstype describes the purpose of the partition. The example shows all currently used partition types. -For UFS file systems and ccd partitions, use type +For UFS filesystems and ccd partitions, use type .Cm 4.2BSD . For Vinum drives, use type .Cm vinum . @@ -654,17 +654,17 @@ for more details. .It fsize For .Cm 4.2BSD -and LFS file systems only, the fragment size. Defaults to 1024 for +and LFS filesystems only, the fragment size. Defaults to 1024 for partitions smaller than 1 GB, 4096 for partitions 1GB or larger. .It bsize For .Cm 4.2BSD -and LFS file systems only, the block size. Defaults to 8192 for +and LFS filesystems only, the block size. Defaults to 8192 for partitions smaller than 1 GB, 16384 for partitions 1GB or larger. .It bps/cpg For .Cm 4.2BSD -file systems, the number of cylinders in a cylinder group. For LFS file +filesystems, the number of cylinders in a cylinder group. For LFS file systems, the segment shift value. Defaults to 16 for partitions smaller than 1 GB, 64 for partitions 1GB or larger. .El @@ -727,7 +727,7 @@ NOT install the new label either in-core or on-disk. Try to auto-detect the required information from .Pa da0s1 , and write a new label to the disk. Use another disklabel -e command to edit the -partitioning and file system information. +partitioning and filesystem information. .Pp .Dl disklabel -R da0s1 savedlabel .Pp diff --git a/sbin/clri/clri.8 b/sbin/clri/clri.8 index 96380da..beb005a 100644 --- a/sbin/clri/clri.8 +++ b/sbin/clri/clri.8 @@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ .Sh DESCRIPTION .Bf -symbolic .Nm Clri -is obsoleted for normal file system repair work by +is obsoleted for normal filesystem repair work by .Xr fsck 8 . .Ef .Pp diff --git a/sbin/disklabel/disklabel.5 b/sbin/disklabel/disklabel.5 index 7b81671..4b44c0e 100644 --- a/sbin/disklabel/disklabel.5 +++ b/sbin/disklabel/disklabel.5 @@ -298,11 +298,11 @@ static char *dktypenames[] = { #define FS_SYSV 4 /* System V */ #define FS_V71K 5 /* V7 with 1K blocks (4.1, 2.9) */ #define FS_V8 6 /* Eighth Edition, 4K blocks */ -#define FS_BSDFFS 7 /* 4.2BSD fast file system */ -#define FS_MSDOS 8 /* MSDOS file system */ -#define FS_BSDLFS 9 /* 4.4BSD log-structured file system */ +#define FS_BSDFFS 7 /* 4.2BSD fast filesystem */ +#define FS_MSDOS 8 /* MSDOS filesystem */ +#define FS_BSDLFS 9 /* 4.4BSD log-structured filesystem */ #define FS_OTHER 10 /* in use, but unknown/unsupported */ -#define FS_HPFS 11 /* OS/2 high-performance file system */ +#define FS_HPFS 11 /* OS/2 high-performance filesystem */ #define FS_ISO9660 12 /* ISO 9660, normally CD-ROM */ #define FS_BOOT 13 /* partition contains bootstrap */ #define FS_VINUM 14 /* Vinum drive */ diff --git a/sbin/disklabel/disklabel.8 b/sbin/disklabel/disklabel.8 index b11579e..4c674b5 100644 --- a/sbin/disklabel/disklabel.8 +++ b/sbin/disklabel/disklabel.8 @@ -628,7 +628,7 @@ will be interpreted as an offset of 0. .It fstype describes the purpose of the partition. The example shows all currently used partition types. -For UFS file systems and ccd partitions, use type +For UFS filesystems and ccd partitions, use type .Cm 4.2BSD . For Vinum drives, use type .Cm vinum . @@ -654,17 +654,17 @@ for more details. .It fsize For .Cm 4.2BSD -and LFS file systems only, the fragment size. Defaults to 1024 for +and LFS filesystems only, the fragment size. Defaults to 1024 for partitions smaller than 1 GB, 4096 for partitions 1GB or larger. .It bsize For .Cm 4.2BSD -and LFS file systems only, the block size. Defaults to 8192 for +and LFS filesystems only, the block size. Defaults to 8192 for partitions smaller than 1 GB, 16384 for partitions 1GB or larger. .It bps/cpg For .Cm 4.2BSD -file systems, the number of cylinders in a cylinder group. For LFS file +filesystems, the number of cylinders in a cylinder group. For LFS file systems, the segment shift value. Defaults to 16 for partitions smaller than 1 GB, 64 for partitions 1GB or larger. .El @@ -727,7 +727,7 @@ NOT install the new label either in-core or on-disk. Try to auto-detect the required information from .Pa da0s1 , and write a new label to the disk. Use another disklabel -e command to edit the -partitioning and file system information. +partitioning and filesystem information. .Pp .Dl disklabel -R da0s1 savedlabel .Pp diff --git a/sbin/dump/Makefile b/sbin/dump/Makefile index 1148d8f..77a7ada 100644 --- a/sbin/dump/Makefile +++ b/sbin/dump/Makefile @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ # optr.c operator interface # dumprmt.c handles remote tape via rmt(8) # tape.c handles the mag tape and opening/closing -# traverse.c traverses the file system +# traverse.c traverses the filesystem # unctime.c undo ctime # # DEBUG use local directory to find ddate and dumpdates diff --git a/sbin/dump/dump.h b/sbin/dump/dump.h index f9a7234..f32113c 100644 --- a/sbin/dump/dump.h +++ b/sbin/dump/dump.h @@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ int tapeno; /* current tape number */ time_t tstart_writing; /* when started writing the first tape block */ time_t tend_writing; /* after writing the last tape block */ int passno; /* current dump pass number */ -struct fs *sblock; /* the file system super block */ +struct fs *sblock; /* the filesystem super block */ char sblock_buf[MAXBSIZE]; long dev_bsize; /* block size of underlying disk device */ int dev_bshift; /* log2(dev_bsize) */ diff --git a/sbin/dump/main.c b/sbin/dump/main.c index f97eec5..860457b 100644 --- a/sbin/dump/main.c +++ b/sbin/dump/main.c @@ -292,7 +292,7 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[]) * disk can be either the full special file name, * the suffix of the special file name, * the special name missing the leading '/', - * the file system name with or without the leading '/'. + * the filesystem name with or without the leading '/'. */ dt = fstabsearch(disk); if (dt != NULL) { @@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[]) (void)strncpy(spcl.c_filesys, dt->fs_file, NAMELEN); } else { (void)strncpy(spcl.c_dev, disk, NAMELEN); - (void)strncpy(spcl.c_filesys, "an unlisted file system", + (void)strncpy(spcl.c_filesys, "an unlisted filesystem", NAMELEN); } spcl.c_dev[NAMELEN-1]='\0'; @@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[]) if (fstat(diskfd, &sb) != 0) err(X_STARTUP, "%s: stat", disk); if (S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode)) - errx(X_STARTUP, "%s: unknown file system", disk); + errx(X_STARTUP, "%s: unknown filesystem", disk); sync(); sblock = (struct fs *)sblock_buf; bread(SBOFF, (char *) sblock, SBSIZE); diff --git a/sbin/dump/optr.c b/sbin/dump/optr.c index 78e2640..b0ff473 100644 --- a/sbin/dump/optr.c +++ b/sbin/dump/optr.c @@ -370,9 +370,9 @@ lastdump(int arg) /* w ==> just what to do; W ==> most recent dumps */ qsort((char *) ddatev, nddates, sizeof(struct dumpdates *), datesort); if (arg == 'w') - (void) printf("Dump these file systems:\n"); + (void) printf("Dump these filesystems:\n"); else - (void) printf("Last dump(s) done (Dump '>' file systems):\n"); + (void) printf("Last dump(s) done (Dump '>' filesystems):\n"); lastname = "??"; ITITERATE(i, dtwalk) { if (strncmp(lastname, dtwalk->dd_name, diff --git a/sbin/dumpfs/dumpfs.8 b/sbin/dumpfs/dumpfs.8 index 2a7d022..3ba37bc 100644 --- a/sbin/dumpfs/dumpfs.8 +++ b/sbin/dumpfs/dumpfs.8 @@ -37,17 +37,17 @@ .Os .Sh NAME .Nm dumpfs -.Nd dump file system information +.Nd dump filesystem information .Sh SYNOPSIS .Nm .Op Ar filesys No \&| Ar device .Sh DESCRIPTION .Nm Dumpfs prints out the super block and cylinder group information -for the file system or special device specified. +for the filesystem or special device specified. The listing is very long and detailed. This -command is useful mostly for finding out certain file system -information such as the file system block size and minimum +command is useful mostly for finding out certain filesystem +information such as the filesystem block size and minimum free space percentage. .Sh SEE ALSO .Xr disktab 5 , diff --git a/sbin/ffsinfo/ffsinfo.8 b/sbin/ffsinfo/ffsinfo.8 index 4377cbd..471a06d 100644 --- a/sbin/ffsinfo/ffsinfo.8 +++ b/sbin/ffsinfo/ffsinfo.8 @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ .Os .Sh NAME .Nm ffsinfo -.Nd "dump all meta information of an existing ufs file system +.Nd "dump all meta information of an existing ufs filesystem .Sh SYNOPSIS .Nm .Op Fl L @@ -126,9 +126,9 @@ with all available information. .Sh BUGS Currently .Nm -can only dump unmounted file systems. -Do not try dumping a mounted file system, your system may panic and you will -not be able to use the file system any longer. +can only dump unmounted filesystems. +Do not try dumping a mounted filesystem, your system may panic and you will +not be able to use the filesystem any longer. .Pp Also snapshots are handled like plain files. They should get their own level to provide for independent control of the diff --git a/sbin/fsck/fsck.8 b/sbin/fsck/fsck.8 index 205694d..57fbaf0 100644 --- a/sbin/fsck/fsck.8 +++ b/sbin/fsck/fsck.8 @@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ .Os .Sh NAME .Nm fsck -.Nd file system consistency check and interactive repair +.Nd filesystem consistency check and interactive repair .Sh SYNOPSIS .Nm .Op Fl dvplfyn @@ -179,14 +179,14 @@ Causes to assume yes as the answer to all operator questions. .It Fl T Ar fstype : Ns Ar fsoptions -List of comma separated file system specific options for the specified -file system type, in the same format as +List of comma separated filesystem specific options for the specified +filesystem type, in the same format as .Xr mount 8 . .El .Sh FILES .Bl -tag -width /etc/fstab -compact .It Pa /etc/fstab -file system table +filesystem table .El .Sh SEE ALSO .Xr fstab 5 , diff --git a/sbin/fsck/fsck.c b/sbin/fsck/fsck.c index fdc3ae0..5be806e 100644 --- a/sbin/fsck/fsck.c +++ b/sbin/fsck/fsck.c @@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[]) type = fs->fs_vfstype; mntpt = fs->fs_file; if (BADTYPE(fs->fs_type)) - errx(1, "%s has unknown file system type.", + errx(1, "%s has unknown filesystem type.", spec); } if ((flags & CHECK_BACKGRD) && diff --git a/sbin/fsck_ffs/SMM.doc/0.t b/sbin/fsck_ffs/SMM.doc/0.t index 1fb25ee6..80d19f3 100644 --- a/sbin/fsck_ffs/SMM.doc/0.t +++ b/sbin/fsck_ffs/SMM.doc/0.t @@ -63,31 +63,31 @@ Contract No. N00039-82-C-0235. .FE This document reflects the use of .I fsck_ffs -with the 4.2BSD and 4.3BSD file system organization. This +with the 4.2BSD and 4.3BSD filesystem organization. This is a revision of the original paper written by T. J. Kowalski. .PP File System Check Program (\fIfsck_ffs\fR) -is an interactive file system check and repair program. +is an interactive filesystem check and repair program. .I Fsck_ffs uses the redundant structural information in the -UNIX file system to perform several consistency checks. +UNIX filesystem to perform several consistency checks. If an inconsistency is detected, it is reported to the operator, who may elect to fix or ignore each inconsistency. These inconsistencies result from the permanent interruption -of the file system updates, which are performed every +of the filesystem updates, which are performed every time a file is modified. Unless there has been a hardware failure, .I fsck_ffs -is able to repair corrupted file systems +is able to repair corrupted filesystems using procedures based upon the order in which UNIX honors -these file system update requests. +these filesystem update requests. .PP The purpose of this document is to describe the normal updating -of the file system, -to discuss the possible causes of file system corruption, +of the filesystem, +to discuss the possible causes of filesystem corruption, and to present the corrective actions implemented by .I fsck_ffs. @@ -108,16 +108,16 @@ Revised October 7, 1996 .LP .sp .5v .nf -.B "2. Overview of the file system +.B "2. Overview of the filesystem 2.1. Superblock 2.2. Summary Information 2.3. Cylinder groups 2.4. Fragments -2.5. Updates to the file system +2.5. Updates to the filesystem .LP .sp .5v .nf -.B "3. Fixing corrupted file systems +.B "3. Fixing corrupted filesystems 3.1. Detecting and correcting corruption 3.2. Super block checking 3.3. Free block checking diff --git a/sbin/fsck_ffs/SMM.doc/1.t b/sbin/fsck_ffs/SMM.doc/1.t index 1930102..ea07f07 100644 --- a/sbin/fsck_ffs/SMM.doc/1.t +++ b/sbin/fsck_ffs/SMM.doc/1.t @@ -38,14 +38,14 @@ Introduction .PP This document reflects the use of .I fsck_ffs -with the 4.2BSD and 4.3BSD file system organization. This +with the 4.2BSD and 4.3BSD filesystem organization. This is a revision of the original paper written by T. J. Kowalski. .PP When a UNIX operating system is brought up, a consistency -check of the file systems should always be performed. +check of the filesystems should always be performed. This precautionary measure helps to insure a reliable environment for file storage on disk. If an inconsistency is discovered, @@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ runs in two modes. Normally it is run non-interactively by the system after a normal boot. When running in this mode, -it will only make changes to the file system that are known +it will only make changes to the filesystem that are known to always be correct. If an unexpected inconsistency is found .I fsck_ffs @@ -71,10 +71,10 @@ should be made. .PP The purpose of this memo is to dispel the mystique surrounding -file system inconsistencies. -It first describes the updating of the file system +filesystem inconsistencies. +It first describes the updating of the filesystem (the calm before the storm) and -then describes file system corruption (the storm). +then describes filesystem corruption (the storm). Finally, the set of deterministic corrective actions used by diff --git a/sbin/fsck_ffs/SMM.doc/2.t b/sbin/fsck_ffs/SMM.doc/2.t index c6a8e4b..0f0bef7 100644 --- a/sbin/fsck_ffs/SMM.doc/2.t +++ b/sbin/fsck_ffs/SMM.doc/2.t @@ -32,22 +32,22 @@ .\" $FreeBSD$ .\" @(#)2.t 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93 .\" -.ds RH Overview of the file system +.ds RH Overview of the filesystem .NH -Overview of the file system +Overview of the filesystem .PP -The file system is discussed in detail in [Mckusick84]; +The filesystem is discussed in detail in [Mckusick84]; this section gives a brief overview. .NH 2 Superblock .PP -A file system is described by its +A filesystem is described by its .I "super-block" . -The super-block is built when the file system is created (\c +The super-block is built when the filesystem is created (\c .I newfs (8)) and never changes. The super-block -contains the basic parameters of the file system, +contains the basic parameters of the filesystem, such as the number of data blocks it contains and a count of the maximum number of files. Because the super-block contains critical data, @@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ replicates it to protect against catastrophic loss. The .I "default super block" always resides at a fixed offset from the beginning -of the file system's disk partition. +of the filesystem's disk partition. The .I "redundant super blocks" are not referenced unless a head crash @@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ or other hard disk error causes the default super-block to be unusable. The redundant blocks are sprinkled throughout the disk partition. .PP -Within the file system are files. +Within the filesystem are files. Certain files are distinguished as directories and contain collections of pointers to files that may themselves be directories. Every file has a descriptor associated with it called an @@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ the range 5-13. .FE The inode structure may also contain references to indirect blocks containing further data block indices. -In a file system with a 4096 byte block size, a singly indirect +In a filesystem with a 4096 byte block size, a singly indirect block contains 1024 further block addresses, a doubly indirect block contains 1024 addresses of further single indirect blocks, @@ -92,30 +92,30 @@ blocks (the triple indirect block is never needed in practice). In order to create files with up to 2\(ua32 bytes, using only two levels of indirection, -the minimum size of a file system block is 4096 bytes. -The size of file system blocks can be any power of two +the minimum size of a filesystem block is 4096 bytes. +The size of filesystem blocks can be any power of two greater than or equal to 4096. -The block size of the file system is maintained in the super-block, -so it is possible for file systems of different block sizes +The block size of the filesystem is maintained in the super-block, +so it is possible for filesystems of different block sizes to be accessible simultaneously on the same system. The block size must be decided when .I newfs -creates the file system; +creates the filesystem; the block size cannot be subsequently -changed without rebuilding the file system. +changed without rebuilding the filesystem. .NH 2 Summary information .PP Associated with the super block is non replicated .I "summary information" . The summary information changes -as the file system is modified. +as the filesystem is modified. The summary information contains -the number of blocks, fragments, inodes and directories in the file system. +the number of blocks, fragments, inodes and directories in the filesystem. .NH 2 Cylinder groups .PP -The file system partitions the disk into one or more areas called +The filesystem partitions the disk into one or more areas called .I "cylinder groups". A cylinder group is comprised of one or more consecutive cylinders on a disk. @@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ describing available blocks in the cylinder group, and summary information describing the usage of data blocks within the cylinder group. A fixed number of inodes is allocated for each cylinder group -when the file system is created. +when the filesystem is created. The current policy is to allocate one inode for each 2048 bytes of disk space; this is expected to be far more inodes than will ever be needed. @@ -158,12 +158,12 @@ and the beginning of the cylinder group information stores data. Fragments .PP To avoid waste in storing small files, -the file system space allocator divides a single -file system block into one or more +the filesystem space allocator divides a single +filesystem block into one or more .I "fragments". -The fragmentation of the file system is specified -when the file system is created; -each file system block can be optionally broken into +The fragmentation of the filesystem is specified +when the filesystem is created; +each filesystem block can be optionally broken into 2, 4, or 8 addressable fragments. The lower bound on the size of these fragments is constrained by the disk sector size; @@ -173,17 +173,17 @@ records the space availability at the fragment level. Aligned fragments are examined to determine block availability. .PP -On a file system with a block size of 4096 bytes +On a filesystem with a block size of 4096 bytes and a fragment size of 1024 bytes, a file is represented by zero or more 4096 byte blocks of data, and possibly a single fragmented block. -If a file system block must be fragmented to obtain +If a filesystem block must be fragmented to obtain space for a small amount of data, the remainder of the block is made available for allocation to other files. For example, consider an 11000 byte file stored on -a 4096/1024 byte file system. +a 4096/1024 byte filesystem. This file uses two full size blocks and a 3072 byte fragment. If no fragments with at least 3072 bytes are available when the file is created, @@ -191,26 +191,26 @@ a full size block is split yielding the necessary 3072 byte fragment and an unused 1024 byte fragment. This remaining fragment can be allocated to another file, as needed. .NH 2 -Updates to the file system +Updates to the filesystem .PP Every working day hundreds of files are created, modified, and removed. Every time a file is modified, the operating system performs a -series of file system updates. -These updates, when written on disk, yield a consistent file system. -The file system stages +series of filesystem updates. +These updates, when written on disk, yield a consistent filesystem. +The filesystem stages all modifications of critical information; modification can either be completed or cleanly backed out after a crash. -Knowing the information that is first written to the file system, +Knowing the information that is first written to the filesystem, deterministic procedures can be developed to -repair a corrupted file system. +repair a corrupted filesystem. To understand this process, the order that the update requests were being honored must first be understood. .PP -When a user program does an operation to change the file system, +When a user program does an operation to change the filesystem, such as a .I write , the data to be written is copied into an internal @@ -225,9 +225,9 @@ is eventually written out to disk. The real disk write may not happen until long after the .I write system call has returned. -Thus at any given time, the file system, +Thus at any given time, the filesystem, as it resides on the disk, -lags the state of the file system represented by the in-core information. +lags the state of the filesystem represented by the in-core information. .PP The disk information is updated to reflect the in-core information when the buffer is required for another use, @@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ or by manual operator intervention with the .I sync (8) command. If the system is halted without writing out the in-core information, -the file system on the disk will be in an inconsistent state. +the filesystem on the disk will be in an inconsistent state. .PP If all updates are done asynchronously, several serious inconsistencies can arise. @@ -263,4 +263,4 @@ really written to disk) when they are being deallocated. Similarly inodes are kept consistent by synchronously deleting, adding, or changing directory entries. -.ds RH Fixing corrupted file systems +.ds RH Fixing corrupted filesystems diff --git a/sbin/fsck_ffs/SMM.doc/3.t b/sbin/fsck_ffs/SMM.doc/3.t index 66c3281..b02371b 100644 --- a/sbin/fsck_ffs/SMM.doc/3.t +++ b/sbin/fsck_ffs/SMM.doc/3.t @@ -32,11 +32,11 @@ .\" $FreeBSD$ .\" @(#)3.t 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93 .\" -.ds RH Fixing corrupted file systems +.ds RH Fixing corrupted filesystems .NH -Fixing corrupted file systems +Fixing corrupted filesystems .PP -A file system +A filesystem can become corrupted in several ways. The most common of these ways are improper shutdown procedures @@ -46,17 +46,17 @@ File systems may become corrupted during an .I "unclean halt" . This happens when proper shutdown procedures are not observed, -physically write-protecting a mounted file system, -or a mounted file system is taken off-line. +physically write-protecting a mounted filesystem, +or a mounted filesystem is taken off-line. The most common operator procedural failure is forgetting to .I sync the system before halting the CPU. .PP File systems may become further corrupted if proper startup procedures are not observed, e.g., -not checking a file system for inconsistencies, +not checking a filesystem for inconsistencies, and not repairing inconsistencies. -Allowing a corrupted file system to be used (and, thus, to be modified +Allowing a corrupted filesystem to be used (and, thus, to be modified further) can be disastrous. .PP Any piece of hardware can fail at any time. @@ -87,13 +87,13 @@ A quiescent\(dd .FS \(dd I.e., unmounted and not being written on. .FE -file system may be checked for structural integrity +filesystem may be checked for structural integrity by performing consistency checks on the -redundant data intrinsic to a file system. +redundant data intrinsic to a filesystem. The redundant data is either read from -the file system, +the filesystem, or computed from other known values. -The file system +The filesystem .B must be in a quiescent state when .I fsck_ffs @@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ the data blocks containing directory entries. .NH 2 Super-block checking .PP -The most commonly corrupted item in a file system +The most commonly corrupted item in a filesystem is the summary information associated with the super-block. The summary information is prone to corruption @@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ since they are statically determined by .I newfs , .I fsck_ffs can check that these sizes are within reasonable bounds. -All other file system checks require that these sizes be correct. +All other filesystem checks require that these sizes be correct. If .I fsck_ffs detects corruption in the static parameters of the default super-block, @@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ When all the blocks have been initially accounted for, checks that the number of free blocks plus the number of blocks claimed by the inodes -equals the total number of blocks in the file system. +equals the total number of blocks in the filesystem. .PP If anything is wrong with the block allocation maps, .I fsck_ffs @@ -159,20 +159,20 @@ will rebuild them, based on the list it has computed of allocated blocks. .PP The summary information associated with the super-block -counts the total number of free blocks within the file system. +counts the total number of free blocks within the filesystem. .I Fsck_ffs compares this count to the -number of free blocks it found within the file system. +number of free blocks it found within the filesystem. If the two counts do not agree, then .I fsck_ffs replaces the incorrect count in the summary information by the actual free-block count. .PP The summary information -counts the total number of free inodes within the file system. +counts the total number of free inodes within the filesystem. .I Fsck_ffs compares this count to the number -of free inodes it found within the file system. +of free inodes it found within the filesystem. If the two counts do not agree, then .I fsck_ffs replaces the incorrect count in the @@ -185,11 +185,11 @@ the allocation information. However, because of the great number of active inodes, a few of the inodes are usually corrupted. .PP -The list of inodes in the file system +The list of inodes in the filesystem is checked sequentially starting with inode 2 (inode 0 marks unused inodes; inode 1 is saved for future generations) -and progressing through the last inode in the file system. +and progressing through the last inode in the filesystem. The state of each inode is checked for inconsistencies involving format and type, link count, @@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ total number of directory entries linked to the inode. .I Fsck_ffs verifies the link count of each inode -by starting at the root of the file system, +by starting at the root of the filesystem, and descending through the directory structure. The actual link count for each inode is calculated during the descent. @@ -279,12 +279,12 @@ and which one should be cleared. .I Fsck_ffs checks the range of each block number claimed by an inode. If the block number is -lower than the first data block in the file system, +lower than the first data block in the filesystem, or greater than the last data block, then the block number is a .I "bad block number" . Many bad blocks in an inode are usually caused by -an indirect block that was not written to the file system, +an indirect block that was not written to the filesystem, a condition which can only occur if there has been a hardware failure. If an inode contains bad block numbers, .I fsck_ffs @@ -334,9 +334,9 @@ several types of inconsistencies. These inconsistencies include directory inode numbers pointing to unallocated inodes, directory inode numbers that are greater than -the number of inodes in the file system, +the number of inodes in the filesystem, incorrect directory inode numbers for ``\fB.\fP'' and ``\fB..\fP'', -and directories that are not attached to the file system. +and directories that are not attached to the filesystem. If the inode number in a directory data block references an unallocated inode, then @@ -390,10 +390,10 @@ to which ``\fB..\fP'' should point; File system connectivity .PP .I Fsck_ffs -checks the general connectivity of the file system. -If directories are not linked into the file system, then +checks the general connectivity of the filesystem. +If directories are not linked into the filesystem, then .I fsck_ffs -links the directory back into the file system in the +links the directory back into the filesystem in the .I lost+found directory. This condition only occurs when there has been a hardware failure. @@ -402,7 +402,7 @@ This condition only occurs when there has been a hardware failure. \s+2Acknowledgements\s0 .PP I thank Bill Joy, Sam Leffler, Robert Elz and Dennis Ritchie -for their suggestions and help in implementing the new file system. +for their suggestions and help in implementing the new filesystem. Thanks also to Robert Henry for his editorial input to get this document together. Finally we thank our sponsors, diff --git a/sbin/fsck_ffs/SMM.doc/4.t b/sbin/fsck_ffs/SMM.doc/4.t index 5c23dcc..7f52588 100644 --- a/sbin/fsck_ffs/SMM.doc/4.t +++ b/sbin/fsck_ffs/SMM.doc/4.t @@ -40,13 +40,13 @@ Conventions .PP .I Fsck_ffs is -a multi-pass file system check program. -Each file system pass invokes a different Phase of the +a multi-pass filesystem check program. +Each filesystem pass invokes a different Phase of the .I fsck_ffs program. After the initial setup, .I fsck_ffs -performs successive Phases over each file system, +performs successive Phases over each filesystem, checking blocks and sizes, path-names, connectivity, @@ -59,8 +59,8 @@ Normally .I fsck_ffs is run non-interactively to .I preen -the file systems after an unclean halt. -While preen'ing a file system, +the filesystems after an unclean halt. +While preen'ing a filesystem, it will only fix corruptions that are expected to occur from an unclean halt. These actions are a proper subset of the actions that @@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ will be discussed in initialization. .NH 2 Initialization .PP -Before a file system check can be performed, certain +Before a filesystem check can be performed, certain tables have to be set up and certain files opened. This section concerns itself with the opening of files and the initialization of tables. @@ -101,10 +101,10 @@ command line options, memory requests, opening of files, status of files, -file system size checks, +filesystem size checks, and creation of the scratch file. All the initialization errors are fatal -when the file system is being preen'ed. +when the filesystem is being preen'ed. .sp .LP .B "\fIC\fP option?" @@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ See a guru. .LP .B "Can't open checklist file: \fIF\fP" .br -The file system checklist file +The filesystem checklist file \fIF\fP (usually .I /etc/fstab ) can not be opened for reading. @@ -162,19 +162,19 @@ See a guru. .B "Can't make sense out of name \fIF\fP" .br .I Fsck_ffs 's -request for statistics about the file system \fIF\fP failed. +request for statistics about the filesystem \fIF\fP failed. When running manually, -it ignores this file system -and continues checking the next file system given. +it ignores this filesystem +and continues checking the next filesystem given. Check access modes of \fIF\fP. .sp .LP .B "Can't open \fIF\fP" .br .I Fsck_ffs 's -request attempt to open the file system \fIF\fP failed. -When running manually, it ignores this file system -and continues checking the next file system given. +request attempt to open the filesystem \fIF\fP failed. +When running manually, it ignores this filesystem +and continues checking the next filesystem given. Check access modes of \fIF\fP. .sp .LP @@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ Check access modes of \fIF\fP. .br Either the \-n flag was specified or .I fsck_ffs 's -attempt to open the file system \fIF\fP for writing failed. +attempt to open the filesystem \fIF\fP for writing failed. When running manually, all the diagnostics are printed out, but no modifications are attempted to fix them. @@ -199,8 +199,8 @@ Possible responses to the OK prompt are: .IP YES ignore this error condition. .IP NO -ignore this file system and continues checking -the next file system given. +ignore this filesystem and continues checking +the next filesystem given. .sp .LP .B "UNDEFINED OPTIMIZATION IN SUPERBLOCK (SET TO DEFAULT)" @@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ ignore this error condition. .LP .B "IMPOSSIBLE INTERLEAVE=\fID\fP IN SUPERBLOCK (SET TO DEFAULT)" .br -The file system interleave is less than or equal to zero. +The filesystem interleave is less than or equal to zero. .LP Possible responses to the SET TO DEFAULT prompt are: .IP YES @@ -281,8 +281,8 @@ The super block has been corrupted. An alternative super block must be selected from among those listed by .I newfs -(8) when the file system was created. -For file systems with a blocksize less than 32K, +(8) when the filesystem was created. +For filesystems with a blocksize less than 32K, specifying \-b 32 is a good first choice. .sp .LP @@ -298,19 +298,19 @@ See a guru. .br .I Fsck_ffs 's request for moving to a specified block number \fIB\fP in -the file system failed. +the filesystem failed. This should never happen. See a guru. .LP Possible responses to the CONTINUE prompt are: .IP YES -attempt to continue to run the file system check. +attempt to continue to run the filesystem check. Often, however the problem will persist. -This error condition will not allow a complete check of the file system. +This error condition will not allow a complete check of the filesystem. A second run of .I fsck_ffs -should be made to re-check this file system. +should be made to re-check this filesystem. If the block was part of the virtual memory buffer cache, .I fsck_ffs @@ -323,13 +323,13 @@ terminate the program. .br .I Fsck_ffs 's request for reading a specified block number \fIB\fP in -the file system failed. +the filesystem failed. This should never happen. See a guru. .LP Possible responses to the CONTINUE prompt are: .IP YES -attempt to continue to run the file system check. +attempt to continue to run the filesystem check. It will retry the read and print out the message: .br .B "THE FOLLOWING SECTORS COULD NOT BE READ: \fIN\fP" @@ -344,10 +344,10 @@ it will print the message: .br where \fIN\fP indicates the sector that was written with zero's. If the disk is experiencing hardware problems, the problem will persist. -This error condition will not allow a complete check of the file system. +This error condition will not allow a complete check of the filesystem. A second run of .I fsck_ffs -should be made to re-check this file system. +should be made to re-check this filesystem. If the block was part of the virtual memory buffer cache, .I fsck_ffs @@ -360,14 +360,14 @@ terminate the program. .br .I Fsck_ffs 's request for writing a specified block number \fIB\fP -in the file system failed. +in the filesystem failed. The disk is write-protected; check the write protect lock on the drive. If that is not the problem, see a guru. .LP Possible responses to the CONTINUE prompt are: .IP YES -attempt to continue to run the file system check. +attempt to continue to run the filesystem check. The write operation will be retried with the failed blocks indicated by the message: .br @@ -375,10 +375,10 @@ indicated by the message: .br where \fIN\fP indicates the sectors that could not be written. If the disk is experiencing hardware problems, the problem will persist. -This error condition will not allow a complete check of the file system. +This error condition will not allow a complete check of the filesystem. A second run of .I fsck_ffs -should be made to re-check this file system. +should be made to re-check this filesystem. If the block was part of the virtual memory buffer cache, .I fsck_ffs @@ -409,7 +409,7 @@ All errors in this phase except .B "INCORRECT BLOCK COUNT" and .B "PARTIALLY TRUNCATED INODE" -are fatal if the file system is being preen'ed. +are fatal if the filesystem is being preen'ed. .sp .LP .B "UNKNOWN FILE TYPE I=\fII\fP (CLEAR)" @@ -434,7 +434,7 @@ has found inode \fII\fP whose size is shorter than the number of blocks allocated to it. This condition should only occur if the system crashes while in the midst of truncating a file. -When preen'ing the file system, +When preen'ing the filesystem, .I fsck_ffs completes the truncation to the specified size. .LP @@ -457,10 +457,10 @@ Increase the virtual memory for Possible responses to the CONTINUE prompt are: .IP YES continue with the program. -This error condition will not allow a complete check of the file system. +This error condition will not allow a complete check of the filesystem. A second run of .I fsck_ffs -should be made to re-check this file system. +should be made to re-check this filesystem. If another allocated inode with a zero link count is found, this error condition is repeated. .IP NO @@ -470,13 +470,13 @@ terminate the program. .B "\fIB\fP BAD I=\fII\fP" .br Inode \fII\fP contains block number \fIB\fP with a number -lower than the number of the first data block in the file system or +lower than the number of the first data block in the filesystem or greater than the number of the last block -in the file system. +in the filesystem. This error condition may invoke the .B "EXCESSIVE BAD BLKS" error condition in Phase 1 (see next paragraph) if -inode \fII\fP has too many block numbers outside the file system range. +inode \fII\fP has too many block numbers outside the filesystem range. This error condition will always invoke the .B "BAD/DUP" error condition in Phase 2 and Phase 4. @@ -485,17 +485,17 @@ error condition in Phase 2 and Phase 4. .B "EXCESSIVE BAD BLKS I=\fII\fP (CONTINUE)" .br There is more than a tolerable number (usually 10) of blocks with a number -lower than the number of the first data block in the file system or greater than -the number of last block in the file system associated with inode \fII\fP. +lower than the number of the first data block in the filesystem or greater than +the number of last block in the filesystem associated with inode \fII\fP. .LP Possible responses to the CONTINUE prompt are: .IP YES ignore the rest of the blocks in this inode -and continue checking with the next inode in the file system. -This error condition will not allow a complete check of the file system. +and continue checking with the next inode in the filesystem. +This error condition will not allow a complete check of the filesystem. A second run of .I fsck_ffs -should be made to re-check this file system. +should be made to re-check this filesystem. .IP NO terminate the program. .sp @@ -531,11 +531,11 @@ inodes. Possible responses to the CONTINUE prompt are: .IP YES ignore the rest of the blocks in this inode -and continue checking with the next inode in the file system. -This error condition will not allow a complete check of the file system. +and continue checking with the next inode in the filesystem. +This error condition will not allow a complete check of the filesystem. A second run of .I fsck_ffs -should be made to re-check this file system. +should be made to re-check this filesystem. .IP NO terminate the program. .sp @@ -551,10 +551,10 @@ Increase the amount of virtual memory available to Possible responses to the CONTINUE prompt are: .IP YES continue with the program. -This error condition will not allow a complete check of the file system. +This error condition will not allow a complete check of the filesystem. A second run of .I fsck_ffs -should be made to re-check this file system. +should be made to re-check this filesystem. If another duplicate block is found, this error condition will repeat. .IP NO terminate the program. @@ -585,7 +585,7 @@ ignore this error condition. .NH 2 Phase 1B: Rescan for More Dups .PP -When a duplicate block is found in the file system, the file system is +When a duplicate block is found in the filesystem, the filesystem is rescanned to find the inode that previously claimed that block. This section lists the error condition when the duplicate block is found. .sp @@ -611,7 +611,7 @@ root inode mode and status, directory inode pointers in range, and directory entries pointing to bad inodes, and directory integrity checks. -All errors in this phase are fatal if the file system is being preen'ed, +All errors in this phase are fatal if the filesystem is being preen'ed, except for directories not being a multiple of the blocks size and extraneous hard links. .sp @@ -671,7 +671,7 @@ terminate the program. .B "DUPS/BAD IN ROOT INODE (REALLOCATE)" .br Phase 1 or Phase 1b have found duplicate blocks -or bad blocks in the root inode (usually inode number 2) for the file system. +or bad blocks in the root inode (usually inode number 2) for the filesystem. .LP Possible responses to the REALLOCATE prompt are: .IP YES @@ -695,7 +695,7 @@ Possible responses to the CONTINUE prompt are: ignore the .B "DUPS/BAD" error condition in the root inode and -attempt to continue to run the file system check. +attempt to continue to run the filesystem check. If the root inode is not correct, then this may result in many other error conditions. .IP NO @@ -705,7 +705,7 @@ terminate the program. .B "NAME TOO LONG \fIF\fP" .br An excessively long path name has been found. -This usually indicates loops in the file system name space. +This usually indicates loops in the filesystem name space. This can occur if the super user has made circular links to directories. The offending links must be removed (by a guru). .sp @@ -785,8 +785,8 @@ a multiple of the directory blocksize \fIB\fP. Possible responses to the ADJUST prompt are: .IP YES the length is rounded up to the appropriate block size. -This error can occur on 4.2BSD file systems. -Thus when preen'ing the file system only a warning is printed +This error can occur on 4.2BSD filesystems. +Thus when preen'ing the filesystem only a warning is printed and the directory is adjusted. .IP NO ignore the error condition. @@ -837,9 +837,9 @@ leave the directory unchanged. A directory \fII\fP has been found whose first entry is \fIF\fP. .I Fsck_ffs cannot resolve this problem. -The file system should be mounted and the offending entry \fIF\fP +The filesystem should be mounted and the offending entry \fIF\fP moved elsewhere. -The file system should then be unmounted and +The filesystem should then be unmounted and .I fsck_ffs should be run again. .sp @@ -897,9 +897,9 @@ leave the directory unchanged. A directory \fII\fP has been found whose second entry is \fIF\fP. .I Fsck_ffs cannot resolve this problem. -The file system should be mounted and the offending entry \fIF\fP +The filesystem should be mounted and the offending entry \fIF\fP moved elsewhere. -The file system should then be unmounted and +The filesystem should then be unmounted and .I fsck_ffs should be run again. .sp @@ -911,9 +911,9 @@ should be run again. A directory \fII\fP has been found whose second entry is not `..'. .I Fsck_ffs cannot resolve this problem. -The file system should be mounted and the second entry in the directory +The filesystem should be mounted and the second entry in the directory moved elsewhere. -The file system should then be unmounted and +The filesystem should then be unmounted and .I fsck_ffs should be run again. .sp @@ -945,7 +945,7 @@ ignore the error condition. .B "BAD INODE \fIS\fP TO DESCEND" .br An internal error has caused an impossible state \fIS\fP to be passed to the -routine that descends the file system directory structure. +routine that descends the filesystem directory structure. .I Fsck_ffs exits. See a guru. @@ -954,7 +954,7 @@ See a guru. .B "BAD RETURN STATE \fIS\fP FROM DESCEND" .br An internal error has caused an impossible state \fIS\fP to be returned -from the routine that descends the file system directory structure. +from the routine that descends the filesystem directory structure. .I Fsck_ffs exits. See a guru. @@ -982,7 +982,7 @@ directories. .B "UNREF DIR I=\fII\fP OWNER=\fIO\fP MODE=\fIM\fP SIZE=\fIS\fP MTIME=\fIT\fP (RECONNECT)" .br The directory inode \fII\fP was not connected to a directory entry -when the file system was traversed. +when the filesystem was traversed. The owner \fIO\fP, mode \fIM\fP, size \fIS\fP, and modify time \fIT\fP of directory inode \fII\fP are printed. When preen'ing, the directory is reconnected if its size is non-zero, @@ -990,7 +990,7 @@ otherwise it is cleared. .LP Possible responses to the RECONNECT prompt are: .IP YES -reconnect directory inode \fII\fP to the file system in the +reconnect directory inode \fII\fP to the filesystem in the directory for lost files (usually \fIlost+found\fP). This may invoke the .I lost+found @@ -1007,14 +1007,14 @@ This will always invoke the UNREF error condition in Phase 4. .br There is no .I lost+found -directory in the root directory of the file system; +directory in the root directory of the filesystem; When preen'ing .I fsck_ffs tries to create a \fIlost+found\fP directory. .LP Possible responses to the CREATE prompt are: .IP YES -create a \fIlost+found\fP directory in the root of the file system. +create a \fIlost+found\fP directory in the root of the filesystem. This may raise the message: .br .B "NO SPACE LEFT IN / (EXPAND)" @@ -1059,7 +1059,7 @@ This will always invoke the UNREF error condition in Phase 4. There is no space to add another entry to the .I lost+found directory in the root directory -of the file system. +of the filesystem. When preen'ing the .I lost+found directory is expanded. @@ -1079,7 +1079,7 @@ and aborts the attempt to linkup the lost inode. This will always invoke the UNREF error condition in Phase 4. Clean out unnecessary entries in .I lost+found . -This error is fatal if the file system is being preen'ed. +This error is fatal if the filesystem is being preen'ed. .IP NO abort the attempt to linkup the lost inode. This will always invoke the UNREF error condition in Phase 4. @@ -1106,8 +1106,8 @@ a multiple of the directory blocksize \fIB\fP Possible responses to the ADJUST prompt are: .IP YES the length is rounded up to the appropriate block size. -This error can occur on 4.2BSD file systems. -Thus when preen'ing the file system only a warning is printed +This error can occur on 4.2BSD filesystems. +Thus when preen'ing the filesystem only a warning is printed and the directory is adjusted. .IP NO ignore the error condition. @@ -1116,7 +1116,7 @@ ignore the error condition. .B "BAD INODE \fIS\fP TO DESCEND" .br An internal error has caused an impossible state \fIS\fP to be passed to the -routine that descends the file system directory structure. +routine that descends the filesystem directory structure. .I Fsck_ffs exits. See a guru. @@ -1133,14 +1133,14 @@ directory, incorrect link counts for files, directories, symbolic links, or special files, unreferenced files, symbolic links, and directories, and bad or duplicate blocks in files, symbolic links, and directories. -All errors in this phase are correctable if the file system is being preen'ed +All errors in this phase are correctable if the filesystem is being preen'ed except running out of space in the \fIlost+found\fP directory. .sp .LP .B "UNREF FILE I=\fII\fP OWNER=\fIO\fP MODE=\fIM\fP SIZE=\fIS\fP MTIME=\fIT\fP (RECONNECT)" .br Inode \fII\fP was not connected to a directory entry -when the file system was traversed. +when the filesystem was traversed. The owner \fIO\fP, mode \fIM\fP, size \fIS\fP, and modify time \fIT\fP of inode \fII\fP are printed. When preen'ing the file is cleared if either its size or its @@ -1149,7 +1149,7 @@ otherwise it is reconnected. .LP Possible responses to the RECONNECT prompt are: .IP YES -reconnect inode \fII\fP to the file system in the directory for +reconnect inode \fII\fP to the filesystem in the directory for lost files (usually \fIlost+found\fP). This may invoke the .I lost+found @@ -1165,7 +1165,7 @@ This will always invoke the CLEAR error condition in Phase 4. .br The inode mentioned in the immediately previous error condition can not be reconnected. -This cannot occur if the file system is being preen'ed, +This cannot occur if the filesystem is being preen'ed, since lack of space to reconnect files is a fatal error. .LP Possible responses to the CLEAR prompt are: @@ -1179,14 +1179,14 @@ ignore this error condition. .br There is no .I lost+found -directory in the root directory of the file system; +directory in the root directory of the filesystem; When preen'ing .I fsck_ffs tries to create a \fIlost+found\fP directory. .LP Possible responses to the CREATE prompt are: .IP YES -create a \fIlost+found\fP directory in the root of the file system. +create a \fIlost+found\fP directory in the root of the filesystem. This may raise the message: .br .B "NO SPACE LEFT IN / (EXPAND)" @@ -1231,7 +1231,7 @@ This will always invoke the UNREF error condition in Phase 4. There is no space to add another entry to the .I lost+found directory in the root directory -of the file system. +of the filesystem. When preen'ing the .I lost+found directory is expanded. @@ -1251,7 +1251,7 @@ and aborts the attempt to linkup the lost inode. This will always invoke the UNREF error condition in Phase 4. Clean out unnecessary entries in .I lost+found . -This error is fatal if the file system is being preen'ed. +This error is fatal if the filesystem is being preen'ed. .IP NO abort the attempt to linkup the lost inode. This will always invoke the UNREF error condition in Phase 4. @@ -1282,7 +1282,7 @@ ignore this error condition. .B "UNREF \fItype\fP I=\fII\fP OWNER=\fIO\fP MODE=\fIM\fP SIZE=\fIS\fP MTIME=\fIT\fP (CLEAR)" .br Inode \fII\fP, was not connected to a directory entry when the -file system was traversed. +filesystem was traversed. The owner \fIO\fP, mode \fIM\fP, size \fIS\fP, and modify time \fIT\fP of inode \fII\fP are printed. @@ -1305,7 +1305,7 @@ inode \fII\fP. The owner \fIO\fP, mode \fIM\fP, size \fIS\fP, and modify time \fIT\fP of inode \fII\fP are printed. -This error cannot arise when the file system is being preen'ed, +This error cannot arise when the filesystem is being preen'ed, as it would have caused a fatal error earlier. .LP Possible responses to the CLEAR prompt are: @@ -1333,7 +1333,7 @@ The magic number of cylinder group \fIC\fP is wrong. This usually indicates that the cylinder group maps have been destroyed. When running manually the cylinder group is marked as needing to be reconstructed. -This error is fatal if the file system is being preen'ed. +This error is fatal if the filesystem is being preen'ed. .sp .LP .B "BLK(S) MISSING IN BIT MAPS (SALVAGE)" @@ -1375,19 +1375,19 @@ ignore this error condition. .NH 2 Cleanup .PP -Once a file system has been checked, a few cleanup functions are performed. +Once a filesystem has been checked, a few cleanup functions are performed. This section lists advisory messages about -the file system -and modify status of the file system. +the filesystem +and modify status of the filesystem. .sp .LP .B "\fIV\fP files, \fIW\fP used, \fIX\fP free (\fIY\fP frags, \fIZ\fP blocks)" .br This is an advisory message indicating that -the file system checked contained +the filesystem checked contained \fIV\fP files using \fIW\fP fragment sized blocks leaving -\fIX\fP fragment sized blocks free in the file system. +\fIX\fP fragment sized blocks free in the filesystem. The numbers in parenthesis breaks the free count down into \fIY\fP free fragments and \fIZ\fP free full sized blocks. @@ -1396,7 +1396,7 @@ The numbers in parenthesis breaks the free count down into .B "***** REBOOT UNIX *****" .br This is an advisory message indicating that -the root file system has been modified by +the root filesystem has been modified by .I fsck_ffs. If UNIX is not rebooted immediately, the work done by @@ -1413,9 +1413,9 @@ interprets an exit code of 4 by issuing a reboot system call. .B "***** FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED *****" .br This is an advisory message indicating that -the current file system was modified by +the current filesystem was modified by .I fsck_ffs. -If this file system is mounted or is the current root file system, +If this filesystem is mounted or is the current root filesystem, .I fsck_ffs should be halted and UNIX rebooted. If UNIX is not rebooted immediately, diff --git a/sbin/fsck_ffs/fsck.h b/sbin/fsck_ffs/fsck.h index e94a6b7..2df0cd8 100644 --- a/sbin/fsck_ffs/fsck.h +++ b/sbin/fsck_ffs/fsck.h @@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ struct bufarea { #define MINBUFS 5 /* minimum number of buffers required */ struct bufarea bufhead; /* head of list of other blks in filesys */ -struct bufarea sblk; /* file system superblock */ +struct bufarea sblk; /* filesystem superblock */ struct bufarea cgblk; /* cylinder group blocks */ struct bufarea *pdirbp; /* current directory contents */ struct bufarea *pbp; /* current inode block */ @@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ char yflag; /* assume a yes response */ int bkgrdflag; /* use a snapshot to run on an active system */ int bflag; /* location of alternate super block */ int debug; /* output debugging info */ -int cvtlevel; /* convert to newer file system format */ +int cvtlevel; /* convert to newer filesystem format */ int bkgrdcheck; /* determine if background check is possible */ char usedsoftdep; /* just fix soft dependency inconsistencies */ char preen; /* just fix normal inconsistencies */ @@ -218,14 +218,14 @@ char rerun; /* rerun fsck. Only used in non-preen mode */ int returntosingle; /* 1 => return to single user mode on exit */ char resolved; /* cleared if unresolved changes => not clean */ char havesb; /* superblock has been read */ -char skipclean; /* skip clean file systems if preening */ -int fsmodified; /* 1 => write done to file system */ -int fsreadfd; /* file descriptor for reading file system */ -int fswritefd; /* file descriptor for writing file system */ +char skipclean; /* skip clean filesystems if preening */ +int fsmodified; /* 1 => write done to filesystem */ +int fsreadfd; /* file descriptor for reading filesystem */ +int fswritefd; /* file descriptor for writing filesystem */ -ufs_daddr_t maxfsblock; /* number of blocks in the file system */ +ufs_daddr_t maxfsblock; /* number of blocks in the filesystem */ char *blockmap; /* ptr to primary blk allocation map */ -ino_t maxino; /* number of inodes in file system */ +ino_t maxino; /* number of inodes in filesystem */ ino_t lfdir; /* lost & found directory inode number */ char *lfname; /* lost & found directory name */ diff --git a/sbin/fsck_ffs/main.c b/sbin/fsck_ffs/main.c index eaf90dd..73364a7 100644 --- a/sbin/fsck_ffs/main.c +++ b/sbin/fsck_ffs/main.c @@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ checkfilesys(char *filesys) if (preen == 0) { printf("** Last Mounted on %s\n", sblock.fs_fsmnt); if (mntp != NULL && mntp->f_flags & MNT_ROOTFS) - printf("** Root file system\n"); + printf("** Root filesystem\n"); printf("** Phase 1 - Check Blocks and Sizes\n"); } pass1(); diff --git a/sbin/fsck_ffs/pass1.c b/sbin/fsck_ffs/pass1.c index ef31787..cfb8af8 100644 --- a/sbin/fsck_ffs/pass1.c +++ b/sbin/fsck_ffs/pass1.c @@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ pass1(void) struct inodesc idesc; /* - * Set file system reserved blocks in used block map. + * Set filesystem reserved blocks in used block map. */ for (c = 0; c < sblock.fs_ncg; c++) { cgd = cgdmin(&sblock, c); diff --git a/sbin/fsck_ifs/fsck.h b/sbin/fsck_ifs/fsck.h index 0b51e1c4..2173cd4 100644 --- a/sbin/fsck_ifs/fsck.h +++ b/sbin/fsck_ifs/fsck.h @@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ struct bufarea { #define MINBUFS 5 /* minimum number of buffers required */ struct bufarea bufhead; /* head of list of other blks in filesys */ -struct bufarea sblk; /* file system superblock */ +struct bufarea sblk; /* filesystem superblock */ struct bufarea cgblk; /* cylinder group blocks */ struct bufarea *pdirbp; /* current directory contents */ struct bufarea *pbp; /* current inode block */ @@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ char nflag; /* assume a no response */ char yflag; /* assume a yes response */ int bflag; /* location of alternate super block */ int debug; /* output debugging info */ -int cvtlevel; /* convert to newer file system format */ +int cvtlevel; /* convert to newer filesystem format */ int doinglevel1; /* converting to new cylinder group format */ int doinglevel2; /* converting to new inode format */ int newinofmt; /* filesystem has new inode format */ @@ -205,16 +205,16 @@ char preen; /* just fix normal inconsistencies */ char rerun; /* rerun fsck. Only used in non-preen mode */ int returntosingle; /* 1 => return to single user mode on exit */ char resolved; /* cleared if unresolved changes => not clean */ -int markclean; /* mark file system clean when done */ +int markclean; /* mark filesystem clean when done */ char havesb; /* superblock has been read */ -char skipclean; /* skip clean file systems if preening */ -int fsmodified; /* 1 => write done to file system */ -int fsreadfd; /* file descriptor for reading file system */ -int fswritefd; /* file descriptor for writing file system */ +char skipclean; /* skip clean filesystems if preening */ +int fsmodified; /* 1 => write done to filesystem */ +int fsreadfd; /* file descriptor for reading filesystem */ +int fswritefd; /* file descriptor for writing filesystem */ -ufs_daddr_t maxfsblock; /* number of blocks in the file system */ +ufs_daddr_t maxfsblock; /* number of blocks in the filesystem */ char *blockmap; /* ptr to primary blk allocation map */ -ino_t maxino; /* number of inodes in file system */ +ino_t maxino; /* number of inodes in filesystem */ ino_t lfdir; /* lost & found directory inode number */ char *lfname; /* lost & found directory name */ diff --git a/sbin/fsck_ifs/main.c b/sbin/fsck_ifs/main.c index 52263b9..046ee44 100644 --- a/sbin/fsck_ifs/main.c +++ b/sbin/fsck_ifs/main.c @@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ checkfilesys(char *filesys, char *mntpt, long auxdata, int child) if (preen == 0) { printf("** Last Mounted on %s\n", sblock.fs_fsmnt); if (mntbuf != NULL && mntbuf->f_flags & MNT_ROOTFS) - printf("** Root file system\n"); + printf("** Root filesystem\n"); printf("** Phase 1 - Check Blocks and Sizes\n"); } pass1(); diff --git a/sbin/fsck_ifs/pass1.c b/sbin/fsck_ifs/pass1.c index 4d8d6cd..4a949b9 100644 --- a/sbin/fsck_ifs/pass1.c +++ b/sbin/fsck_ifs/pass1.c @@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ pass1(void) struct inodesc idesc; /* - * Set file system reserved blocks in used block map. + * Set filesystem reserved blocks in used block map. */ for (c = 0; c < sblock.fs_ncg; c++) { cgd = cgdmin(&sblock, c); diff --git a/sbin/fsck_msdosfs/check.c b/sbin/fsck_msdosfs/check.c index 2a7ccc7..7cd1c03 100644 --- a/sbin/fsck_msdosfs/check.c +++ b/sbin/fsck_msdosfs/check.c @@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ checkfilesys(fname) mod |= writefat(dosfs, &boot, fat, 1); } else { pwarn("\n***** FILE SYSTEM IS LEFT MARKED AS DIRTY *****\n"); - mod |= FSERROR; /* file system not clean */ + mod |= FSERROR; /* filesystem not clean */ } } } diff --git a/sbin/fsck_msdosfs/ext.h b/sbin/fsck_msdosfs/ext.h index fab080f..5fe1d9c 100644 --- a/sbin/fsck_msdosfs/ext.h +++ b/sbin/fsck_msdosfs/ext.h @@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ int checkfilesys(const char *); #define FSERROR 8 /* Some unrecovered error remains */ #define FSFATAL 16 /* Some unrecoverable error occured */ #define FSDIRTY 32 /* File system is dirty */ -#define FSFIXFAT 64 /* Fix file system FAT */ +#define FSFIXFAT 64 /* Fix filesystem FAT */ /* * read a boot block in a machine independend fashion and translate diff --git a/sbin/fsck_msdosfs/fsck_msdosfs.8 b/sbin/fsck_msdosfs/fsck_msdosfs.8 index 5d76e60..5d28f40 100644 --- a/sbin/fsck_msdosfs/fsck_msdosfs.8 +++ b/sbin/fsck_msdosfs/fsck_msdosfs.8 @@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ It is normally started by run from .Pa /etc/rc during automatic reboot, when a FAT filesystem is detected. -When preening file systems, +When preening filesystems, .Nm will fix common inconsistencies non-interactively. If more serious problems are found, @@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ successful, and exits. .Pp The second form of .Nm -checks the specified file systems and tries to repair all +checks the specified filesystems and tries to repair all detected inconsistencies, requesting confirmation before making any changes. .Pp @@ -85,13 +85,13 @@ Compatibility with the wrapper .Xr fsck 8 which seeks to determine whether the filesystem needs to be cleaned immediately in foreground, or if its cleaning can be deferred to background. -FAT (MS-DOS) file systems must always be cleaned in the foreground. +FAT (MS-DOS) filesystems must always be cleaned in the foreground. A non-zero exit code is always returned for this option. .It Fl f This option is ignored by .Nm , and is present only for compatibility with programs that -check other file system types for consistency, such as +check other filesystem types for consistency, such as .Xr fsck_ffs 8 . .It Fl n Causes diff --git a/sbin/fsdb/fsdb.8 b/sbin/fsdb/fsdb.8 index 7d241ed..4622a8b 100644 --- a/sbin/fsdb/fsdb.8 +++ b/sbin/fsdb/fsdb.8 @@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ opens .Ar fsname (usually a raw disk partition) and runs a command loop -allowing manipulation of the file system's inode data. You are prompted +allowing manipulation of the filesystem's inode data. You are prompted to enter a command with .Ic "fsdb (inum X)>" where @@ -55,8 +55,8 @@ root of the filesystem (i-number 2). The command processor uses the .Xr editline 3 library, so you can use command line editing to reduce typing if desired. -When you exit the command loop, the file system superblock is marked -dirty and any buffered blocks are written to the file system. +When you exit the command loop, the filesystem superblock is marked +dirty and any buffered blocks are written to the filesystem. .Pp The following options are available: .Bl -tag -width indent @@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ doesn't implement. .Nm Fsdb uses the source code for .Xr fsck 8 -to implement most of the file system manipulation code. The remainder of +to implement most of the filesystem manipulation code. The remainder of .Nm first appeared in .Nx , @@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ written by ported it to .Fx . .Sh WARNING -Use this tool with extreme caution--you can damage an FFS file system +Use this tool with extreme caution--you can damage an FFS filesystem beyond what .Xr fsck 8 can repair. diff --git a/sbin/fsdb/fsdb.c b/sbin/fsdb/fsdb.c index 8ee5a69..0f32762 100644 --- a/sbin/fsdb/fsdb.c +++ b/sbin/fsdb/fsdb.c @@ -65,8 +65,8 @@ char nflag; /* * We suck in lots of fsck code, and just pick & choose the stuff we want. * - * fsreadfd is set up to read from the file system, fswritefd to write to - * the file system. + * fsreadfd is set up to read from the filesystem, fswritefd to write to + * the filesystem. */ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) @@ -100,8 +100,8 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[]) sblock_init(); if (!setup(fsys)) - errx(1, "cannot set up file system `%s'", fsys); - printf("%s file system `%s'\nLast Mounted on %s\n", + errx(1, "cannot set up filesystem `%s'", fsys); + printf("%s filesystem `%s'\nLast Mounted on %s\n", nflag? "Examining": "Editing", fsys, sblock.fs_fsmnt); rval = cmdloop(); if (!nflag) { diff --git a/sbin/growfs/growfs.8 b/sbin/growfs/growfs.8 index a1fb6ea..691f794 100644 --- a/sbin/growfs/growfs.8 +++ b/sbin/growfs/growfs.8 @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ .Os .Sh NAME .Nm growfs -.Nd grow size of an existing ufs file system +.Nd grow size of an existing ufs filesystem .Sh SYNOPSIS .Nm .Op Fl Ny @@ -60,17 +60,17 @@ the disk must be labeled to a bigger size using If you are using volumes you must enlarge them by using .Xr vinum 8 . .Nm -extends the size of the file system on the specified special file. +extends the size of the filesystem on the specified special file. Currently .Nm -can only enlarge unmounted file systems. -Do not try enlarging a mounted file system, your system may panic and you will -not be able to use the file system any longer. +can only enlarge unmounted filesystems. +Do not try enlarging a mounted filesystem, your system may panic and you will +not be able to use the filesystem any longer. Most of the .Xr newfs 8 options can not be changed by .Nm . -In fact, you can only increase the size of the file system. +In fact, you can only increase the size of the filesystem. Use .Xr tunefs 8 for other changes. @@ -79,8 +79,8 @@ The following options are available: .Bl -tag -width indent .It Fl N .Dq Test mode . -Causes the new file system parameters to be printed out without actually -enlarging the file system. +Causes the new filesystem parameters to be printed out without actually +enlarging the filesystem. .It Fl y .Dq Expert mode . Usually @@ -95,12 +95,12 @@ So use this option with great care! .It Fl s Ar size Determines the .Ar size -of the file system after enlarging in sectors. +of the filesystem after enlarging in sectors. This value defaults to the size of the raw partition specified in .Ar special (in other words, .Nm -will enlarge the file system to the size of the entire partition). +will enlarge the filesystem to the size of the entire partition). .El .Sh EXAMPLES .Dl growfs -s 4194304 /dev/vinum/testvol @@ -118,12 +118,12 @@ There may be cases on .Fx 3.x only, when .Nm -does not recognize properly whether or not the file system is mounted and +does not recognize properly whether or not the filesystem is mounted and exits with an error message. Then please use .Nm .Fl y -if you are sure that the file system is not mounted. +if you are sure that the filesystem is not mounted. It is also recommended to always use .Xr fsck 8 after enlarging (just to be on the safe side). @@ -156,8 +156,8 @@ on the first cylinder group to verify that in the CYLINDER SUMMARY (internal cs) of the CYLINDER GROUP .Em cgr0 has enough blocks. -As a rule of thumb for default file system parameters one block is needed for -every 2 GB of total file system size. +As a rule of thumb for default filesystem parameters one block is needed for +every 2 GB of total filesystem size. .Pp Normally .Nm diff --git a/sbin/growfs/growfs.c b/sbin/growfs/growfs.c index 42e07be..d11dc98 100644 --- a/sbin/growfs/growfs.c +++ b/sbin/growfs/growfs.c @@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ growfs(int fsi, int fso, unsigned int Nflag) updjcg(osblock.fs_ncg-1, utime, fsi, fso, Nflag); /* - * Dump out summary information about file system. + * Dump out summary information about filesystem. */ printf("growfs:\t%d sectors in %d %s of %d tracks, %d sectors\n", sblock.fs_size * NSPF(&sblock), sblock.fs_ncyl, @@ -763,7 +763,7 @@ updjcg(int cylno, time_t utime, int fsi, int fso, unsigned int Nflag) * the rotational layout tables and the cluster summary. This is * also done per fragment for the first new block if the old file * system end was not on a block boundary, per fragment for the new - * last block if the new file system end is not on a block boundary, + * last block if the new filesystem end is not on a block boundary, * and per block for all space in between. * * Handle the first new block here if it was partially available @@ -787,7 +787,7 @@ updjcg(int cylno, time_t utime, int fsi, int fso, unsigned int Nflag) /* * Check if the fragment just created could join an * already existing fragment at the former end of the - * file system. + * filesystem. */ if(isblock(&sblock, cg_blksfree(&acg), ((osblock.fs_size - cgbase(&sblock, cylno))/ @@ -1296,7 +1296,7 @@ updcsloc(time_t utime, int fsi, int fso, unsigned int Nflag) /* * No cluster handling is needed here, as there was at least * one fragment in use by the cylinder summary in the old - * file system. + * filesystem. * No block-free counter handling here as this block was not * a free block. */ @@ -1921,7 +1921,7 @@ charsperline(void) * growfs(8) is a utility which allows to increase the size of an existing * ufs filesystem. Currently this can only be done on unmounted file system. * It recognizes some command line options to specify the new desired size, - * and it does some basic checkings. The old file system size is determined + * and it does some basic checkings. The old filesystem size is determined * and after some more checks like we can really access the new last block * on the disk etc. we calculate the new parameters for the superblock. After * having done this we just call growfs() which will do the work. Before @@ -1937,7 +1937,7 @@ charsperline(void) * fsck(8) is still able to restore any lost data. * The foreseen last step then will be to provide for growing even mounted * file systems. There we have to extend the mount() system call to provide - * userland access to the file system locking facility. + * userland access to the filesystem locking facility. */ int main(int argc, char **argv) @@ -2063,7 +2063,7 @@ main(int argc, char **argv) } /* - * Check if that partition looks suited for growing a file system. + * Check if that partition looks suited for growing a filesystem. */ if (pp->p_size < 1) { errx(1, "partition is unavailable"); @@ -2149,7 +2149,7 @@ main(int argc, char **argv) /* * Now calculate new superblock values and check for reasonable - * bound for new file system size: + * bound for new filesystem size: * fs_size: is derived from label or user input * fs_dsize: should get updated in the routines creating or * updating the cylinder groups on the fly diff --git a/sbin/mount/mount.8 b/sbin/mount/mount.8 index 9594b6a..6f2188e 100644 --- a/sbin/mount/mount.8 +++ b/sbin/mount/mount.8 @@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ .Os .Sh NAME .Nm mount -.Nd mount file systems +.Nd mount filesystems .Sh SYNOPSIS .Nm .Op Fl adfpruvw @@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ calls the .Xr mount 2 system call to prepare and graft a .Ar "special device" -or the remote node (rhost:path) on to the file system tree at the point +or the remote node (rhost:path) on to the filesystem tree at the point .Ar node . If either .Ar special @@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ are not provided, the appropriate information is taken from the .Xr fstab 5 file. .Pp -The system maintains a list of currently mounted file systems. +The system maintains a list of currently mounted filesystems. If no arguments are given to .Nm , this list is printed. @@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ The following options are available: .It Cm async All .Tn I/O -to the file system should be done asynchronously. +to the filesystem should be done asynchronously. This is a .Em dangerous flag to set, @@ -157,12 +157,12 @@ Disable read clustering. .It Cm noclusterw Disable write clustering. .It Cm nodev -Do not interpret character or block special devices on the file system. -This option is useful for a server that has file systems containing +Do not interpret character or block special devices on the filesystem. +This option is useful for a server that has filesystems containing special devices for architectures other than its own. .It Cm noexec -Do not allow execution of any binaries on the mounted file system. -This option is useful for a server that has file systems containing +Do not allow execution of any binaries on the mounted filesystem. +This option is useful for a server that has filesystems containing binaries for architectures other than its own. .It Cm nosuid Do not allow set-user-identifier or set-group-identifier bits to take effect. @@ -172,15 +172,15 @@ wrapper like is installed on your system. .It Cm nosymfollow Do not follow symlinks -on the mounted file system. +on the mounted filesystem. .It Cm rdonly The same as .Fl r ; -mount the file system read-only (even the super-user may not write it). +mount the filesystem read-only (even the super-user may not write it). .It Cm sync All .Tn I/O -to the file system should be done synchronously. +to the filesystem should be done synchronously. .It Cm suiddir A directory on the mounted filesystem will respond to the SUID bit being set, by setting the owner of any new files to be the same @@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ for more information. .It Cm update The same as .Fl u ; -indicate that the status of an already mounted file system should be changed. +indicate that the status of an already mounted filesystem should be changed. .It Cm union Causes the namespace at the mount point to appear as the union of the mounted filesystem root and the existing directory. @@ -250,8 +250,8 @@ Implies also the .Fl v option. .It Fl r -The file system is to be mounted read-only. -Mount the file system read-only (even the super-user may not write it). +The filesystem is to be mounted read-only. +Mount the filesystem read-only (even the super-user may not write it). The same as the .Cm rdonly argument to the @@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ option. .It Fl t Ar ufs | external_type The argument following the .Fl t -is used to indicate the file system type. +is used to indicate the filesystem type. The type .Ar ufs is the default. @@ -322,7 +322,7 @@ Any of the options discussed above (the .Fl o option) may be changed; -also a file system can be changed from read-only to read-write +also a filesystem can be changed from read-only to read-write or vice versa. An attempt to change from read-write to read-only will fail if any files on the filesystem are currently open for writing unless the @@ -339,7 +339,7 @@ option. .It Fl v Verbose mode. .It Fl w -The file system object is to be read and write. +The filesystem object is to be read and write. .El .Sh DIAGNOSTICS Various, most of them are self-explanatory. @@ -361,7 +361,7 @@ have permission to load the module. .Sh FILES .Bl -tag -width /etc/fstab -compact .It Pa /etc/fstab -file system table +filesystem table .El .Sh SEE ALSO .Xr mount 2 , @@ -388,13 +388,13 @@ file system table .Xr mount_unionfs 8 , .Xr umount 8 .Sh BUGS -It is possible for a corrupted file system to cause a crash. +It is possible for a corrupted filesystem to cause a crash. .Sh CAVEATS After a successful .Nm , the permissions on the original mount point determine if .Pa ..\& -is accessible from the mounted file system. +is accessible from the mounted filesystem. The minimum permissions for the mount point for traversal across the mount point in both directions to be possible for all users is 0111 (execute for all). diff --git a/sbin/mount/mount.c b/sbin/mount/mount.c index ab71799..64c3f57 100644 --- a/sbin/mount/mount.c +++ b/sbin/mount/mount.c @@ -268,10 +268,10 @@ main(argc, argv) rmslashes(*argv, *argv); if ((fs = getfsfile(*argv)) == NULL && (fs = getfsspec(*argv)) == NULL) - errx(1, "%s: unknown special file or file system", + errx(1, "%s: unknown special file or filesystem", *argv); if (BADTYPE(fs->fs_type)) - errx(1, "%s has unknown file system type", + errx(1, "%s has unknown filesystem type", *argv); rval = mountfs(fs->fs_vfstype, fs->fs_spec, fs->fs_file, init_flags, options, fs->fs_mntops); @@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ ismounted(fs, mntbuf, mntsize) int i; if (fs->fs_file[0] == '/' && fs->fs_file[1] == '\0') - /* the root file system can always be remounted */ + /* the root filesystem can always be remounted */ return (0); for (i = mntsize - 1; i >= 0; --i) diff --git a/sbin/mount_ext2fs/mount_ext2fs.8 b/sbin/mount_ext2fs/mount_ext2fs.8 index 73391af..8c2dbcd 100644 --- a/sbin/mount_ext2fs/mount_ext2fs.8 +++ b/sbin/mount_ext2fs/mount_ext2fs.8 @@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ .Os .Sh NAME .Nm mount_ext2fs -.Nd mount an ext2fs file system +.Nd mount an ext2fs filesystem .Sh SYNOPSIS .Nm .Op Fl o Ar options @@ -45,9 +45,9 @@ .Sh DESCRIPTION The .Nm -command attaches a ext2fs file system +command attaches a ext2fs filesystem .Ar special -device on to the file system tree at the point +device on to the filesystem tree at the point .Ar node . .Pp This command is normally executed by diff --git a/sbin/mount_hpfs/mount_hpfs.8 b/sbin/mount_hpfs/mount_hpfs.8 index c418c57..3b62e40 100644 --- a/sbin/mount_hpfs/mount_hpfs.8 +++ b/sbin/mount_hpfs/mount_hpfs.8 @@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ .Os .Sh NAME .Nm mount_hpfs -.Nd mount an HPFS file system +.Nd mount an HPFS filesystem .Sh SYNOPSIS .Nm .Op Fl o Ar options @@ -55,25 +55,25 @@ indicated by This command is normally executed by .Xr mount 8 at boot time, but can be used by any user to mount an -HPFS file system on any directory that they own (provided, +HPFS filesystem on any directory that they own (provided, of course, that they have appropriate access to the device that -contains the file system). +contains the filesystem). .Pp The options are as follows: .Bl -tag -width Ds .It Fl u Ar uid -Set the owner of the files in the file system to +Set the owner of the files in the filesystem to .Ar uid . The default owner is the owner of the directory -on which the file system is being mounted. +on which the filesystem is being mounted. .It Fl g Ar gid -Set the group of the files in the file system to +Set the group of the files in the filesystem to .Ar gid . The default group is the group of the directory -on which the file system is being mounted. +on which the filesystem is being mounted. .It Fl m Ar mask Specify the maximum file permissions for files -in the file system. +in the filesystem. .El .Sh EXAMPLES To mount an hpfs volume located in /dev/wd1s1: diff --git a/sbin/mount_ifs/mount.c b/sbin/mount_ifs/mount.c index 7264a39..ecfaca9 100644 --- a/sbin/mount_ifs/mount.c +++ b/sbin/mount_ifs/mount.c @@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ ismounted(fs, mntbuf, mntsize) int i; if (fs->fs_file[0] == '/' && fs->fs_file[1] == '\0') - /* the root file system can always be remounted */ + /* the root filesystem can always be remounted */ return (0); for (i = mntsize - 1; i >= 0; --i) diff --git a/sbin/mount_msdosfs/mount_msdosfs.8 b/sbin/mount_msdosfs/mount_msdosfs.8 index f7dd1e2..184a9ad 100644 --- a/sbin/mount_msdosfs/mount_msdosfs.8 +++ b/sbin/mount_msdosfs/mount_msdosfs.8 @@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ .Os .Sh NAME .Nm mount_msdosfs -.Nd mount an MS-DOS file system +.Nd mount an MS-DOS filesystem .Sh SYNOPSIS .Nm .Op Fl o Ar options @@ -62,9 +62,9 @@ indicated by This command is normally executed by .Xr mount 8 at boot time, but can be used by any user to mount an -MS-DOS file system on any directory that they own (provided, +MS-DOS filesystem on any directory that they own (provided, of course, that they have appropriate access to the device that -contains the file system). +contains the filesystem). .Pp The options are as follows: .Bl -tag -width Ds @@ -81,18 +81,18 @@ or all of which can be used to affect Windows name translation in the underlying filesystem. .It Fl u Ar uid -Set the owner of the files in the file system to +Set the owner of the files in the filesystem to .Ar uid . The default owner is the owner of the directory -on which the file system is being mounted. +on which the filesystem is being mounted. .It Fl g Ar gid -Set the group of the files in the file system to +Set the group of the files in the filesystem to .Ar gid . The default group is the group of the directory -on which the file system is being mounted. +on which the filesystem is being mounted. .It Fl m Ar mask Specify the maximum file permissions for files -in the file system. +in the filesystem. (For example, a .Ar mask of @@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ are used. The default .Ar mask is taken from the -directory on which the file system is being mounted. +directory on which the filesystem is being mounted. .It Fl s Force behaviour to ignore and not generate Win'95 long filenames. @@ -196,9 +196,9 @@ procedures similar to the ones used in Win'95. .Pp .Fx 2.1 and earlier versions could not handle cluster sizes larger than 16K. -Just mounting an MS-DOS file system could cause corruption to any -mounted file system. -Cluster sizes larger than 16K are unavoidable for file system sizes +Just mounting an MS-DOS filesystem could cause corruption to any +mounted filesystem. +Cluster sizes larger than 16K are unavoidable for filesystem sizes larger than 1G, and also occur when filesystems larger than 1G are shrunk to smaller than 1G using FIPS. .Sh HISTORY diff --git a/sbin/mount_nfs/mount_nfs.8 b/sbin/mount_nfs/mount_nfs.8 index 1495caa..7867c82 100644 --- a/sbin/mount_nfs/mount_nfs.8 +++ b/sbin/mount_nfs/mount_nfs.8 @@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ .Os .Sh NAME .Nm mount_nfs -.Nd mount nfs file systems +.Nd mount nfs filesystems .Sh SYNOPSIS .Nm .Op Fl 23NPTUbcdiLls @@ -59,9 +59,9 @@ The command calls the .Xr mount 2 -system call to prepare and graft a remote nfs file system +system call to prepare and graft a remote nfs filesystem .Pq Ar rhost : Ns Ar path -on to the file system tree at the point +on to the filesystem tree at the point .Ar node . This command is normally executed by .Xr mount 8 . @@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ group list size of 16, as specified in RFC 1057. Try 8, if users in a lot of groups cannot get response from the mount point. .It Fl i -Make the mount interruptible, which implies that file system calls that +Make the mount interruptible, which implies that filesystem calls that are delayed due to an unresponsive server will fail with EINTR when a termination signal is posted for the process. .It Fl l @@ -289,7 +289,7 @@ See the .Fl w option as well. .It Fl s -A soft mount, which implies that file system calls will fail +A soft mount, which implies that filesystem calls will fail after \fBRetry\fR round trip timeout intervals. .It Fl t Set the initial retransmit timeout to the specified value. @@ -297,7 +297,7 @@ May be useful for fine tuning UDP mounts over internetworks with high packet loss rates or an overloaded server. Try increasing the interval if .Xr nfsstat 1 -shows high retransmit rates while the file system is active or reducing the +shows high retransmit rates while the filesystem is active or reducing the value if there is a low retransmit rate but long response delay observed. (Normally, the -d option should be specified when using this option to manually tune the timeout diff --git a/sbin/mount_ntfs/mount_ntfs.8 b/sbin/mount_ntfs/mount_ntfs.8 index 088b9f4..e29aeb9 100644 --- a/sbin/mount_ntfs/mount_ntfs.8 +++ b/sbin/mount_ntfs/mount_ntfs.8 @@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ .Os .Sh NAME .Nm mount_ntfs -.Nd mount an NTFS file system +.Nd mount an NTFS filesystem .Sh SYNOPSIS .Nm .Op Fl a @@ -57,9 +57,9 @@ indicated by This command is normally executed by .Xr mount 8 at boot time, but can be used by any user to mount an -NTFS file system on any directory that they own (provided, +NTFS filesystem on any directory that they own (provided, of course, that they have appropriate access to the device that -contains the file system). +contains the filesystem). .Pp The options are as follows: .Bl -tag -width Ds @@ -69,18 +69,18 @@ Force behaviour to return MS-DOS 8.3 names also on .It Fl i Make name lookup case insensitive for all names except POSIX names. .It Fl u Ar uid -Set the owner of the files in the file system to +Set the owner of the files in the filesystem to .Ar uid . The default owner is the owner of the directory -on which the file system is being mounted. +on which the filesystem is being mounted. .It Fl g Ar gid -Set the group of the files in the file system to +Set the group of the files in the filesystem to .Ar gid . The default group is the group of the directory -on which the file system is being mounted. +on which the filesystem is being mounted. .It Fl m Ar mask Specify the maximum file permissions for files -in the file system. +in the filesystem. .It Fl W Ar u2wtable Specify .Ux diff --git a/sbin/mount_nullfs/mount_nullfs.8 b/sbin/mount_nullfs/mount_nullfs.8 index b63969e..eb6ae85 100644 --- a/sbin/mount_nullfs/mount_nullfs.8 +++ b/sbin/mount_nullfs/mount_nullfs.8 @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ .Os .Sh NAME .Nm mount_nullfs -.Nd "mount a loopback filesystem sub-tree; demonstrate the use of a null file system layer" +.Nd "mount a loopback filesystem sub-tree; demonstrate the use of a null filesystem layer" .Sh SYNOPSIS .Nm .Op Fl o Ar options @@ -52,8 +52,8 @@ The .Nm command creates a -null layer, duplicating a sub-tree of the file system -name space under another part of the global file system namespace. +null layer, duplicating a sub-tree of the filesystem +name space under another part of the global filesystem namespace. This allows existing files and directories to be accessed using a different pathname. .Pp @@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ but in other respects it is indistinguishable from the original. The .Nm filesystem differs from a traditional -loopback file system in two respects: it is implemented using +loopback filesystem in two respects: it is implemented using a stackable layers techniques, and it's .Do null-node Dc Ns s stack above @@ -89,11 +89,11 @@ man page for possible options and their meanings. The null layer has two purposes. First, it serves as a demonstration of layering by providing a layer which does nothing. -(It actually does everything the loopback file system does, +(It actually does everything the loopback filesystem does, which is slightly more than nothing.) Second, the null layer can serve as a prototype layer. Since it provides all necessary layer framework, -new file system layers can be created very easily by starting +new filesystem layers can be created very easily by starting with a null layer. .Pp The remainder of this man page examines the null layer as a basis @@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ of target-pn subtree will be aliased under mount-point-pn. .\" .\" .Sh OPERATION OF A NULL LAYER -The null layer is the minimum file system layer, +The null layer is the minimum filesystem layer, simply bypassing all possible operations to the lower layer for processing there. The majority of its activity centers on the bypass routine, through which nearly all vnode operations @@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ process when constructing other vnode stacks. .\" .\" .Sh CREATING OTHER FILE SYSTEM LAYERS -One of the easiest ways to construct new file system layers is to make +One of the easiest ways to construct new filesystem layers is to make a copy of the null layer, rename all files and variables, and then begin modifying the copy. .Xr Sed 1 diff --git a/sbin/mount_nwfs/mount_nwfs.8 b/sbin/mount_nwfs/mount_nwfs.8 index 933b0a3..e7f4e9b 100644 --- a/sbin/mount_nwfs/mount_nwfs.8 +++ b/sbin/mount_nwfs/mount_nwfs.8 @@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ All existing file names converted to lower case. Newly created file gets a lower case under OS2 name space. This is the default when mounting volumes with DOS name space. .It L -Same as 'l' but file system tries to be case insensitive. +Same as 'l' but filesystem tries to be case insensitive. May not work well. .It n No case conversion is performed. @@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ This is the default when mounting volumes with OS2 name space. All existing file names converted to upper case. Newly created file gets an upper case under OS2 name space. .It U -Same as 'u' but file system tries to be case insensitive. +Same as 'u' but filesystem tries to be case insensitive. May not work well. .El .It Fl f Ar mode , Fl d Ar mode diff --git a/sbin/mount_std/mount_std.8 b/sbin/mount_std/mount_std.8 index 28fed28..d0039c3 100644 --- a/sbin/mount_std/mount_std.8 +++ b/sbin/mount_std/mount_std.8 @@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ for that specific command. .Pp Refer to the following manual pages for detailed information -on these file system: +on these filesystem: .Xr devfs 5 , .Xr fdescfs 5 , .Xr linprocfs 5 diff --git a/sbin/mount_umapfs/mount_umapfs.8 b/sbin/mount_umapfs/mount_umapfs.8 index 7c90876..8b50352 100644 --- a/sbin/mount_umapfs/mount_umapfs.8 +++ b/sbin/mount_umapfs/mount_umapfs.8 @@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ .Os .Sh NAME .Nm mount_umapfs -.Nd sample file system layer +.Nd sample filesystem layer .Sh SYNOPSIS .Nm .Op Fl o Ar options @@ -52,10 +52,10 @@ .Sh DESCRIPTION The .Nm -command is used to mount a sub-tree of an existing file system +command is used to mount a sub-tree of an existing filesystem that uses a different set of uids and gids than the local system. -Such a file system could be mounted from a remote site via NFS or -it could be a file system on removable media brought from some +Such a filesystem could be mounted from a remote site via NFS or +it could be a filesystem on removable media brought from some foreign location that uses a different password file. .Pp The @@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ in the first line of the map files is not correct. .Pp The layer created by the .Nm -command is meant to serve as a simple example of file system layering. +command is meant to serve as a simple example of filesystem layering. It is not meant for production use. The implementation is not very sophisticated. .Sh SEE ALSO diff --git a/sbin/mountd/mountd.8 b/sbin/mountd/mountd.8 index d4b0c0f..7df3761 100644 --- a/sbin/mountd/mountd.8 +++ b/sbin/mountd/mountd.8 @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ some diskless workstations do mount requests for their swapfiles and expect them to be regular files. Since a regular file cannot be specified in .Pa /etc/exports , -the entire file system in which the swapfiles resides +the entire filesystem in which the swapfiles resides will have to be exported with the .Fl alldirs flag. diff --git a/sbin/mountd/mountd.c b/sbin/mountd/mountd.c index b219c76..ee65a271 100644 --- a/sbin/mountd/mountd.c +++ b/sbin/mountd/mountd.c @@ -919,8 +919,8 @@ get_exportlist() /* * And delete exports that are in the kernel for all local - * file systems. - * XXX: Should know how to handle all local exportable file systems + * filesystems. + * XXX: Should know how to handle all local exportable filesystems * instead of just "ufs". */ num = getmntinfo(&fsp, MNT_NOWAIT); @@ -1780,7 +1780,7 @@ do_mount(ep, grp, exflags, anoncrp, dirp, dirplen, fsb) * Maybe I should just use the fsb->f_mntonname path instead * of looping back up the dirp to the mount point?? * Also, needs to know how to export all types of local - * exportable file systems and not just "ufs". + * exportable filesystems and not just "ufs". */ while (mount(fsb->f_fstypename, dirp, fsb->f_flags | MNT_UPDATE, (caddr_t)&args) < 0) { diff --git a/sbin/newfs/mkfs.c b/sbin/newfs/mkfs.c index b0bbcb9..16e7de7 100644 --- a/sbin/newfs/mkfs.c +++ b/sbin/newfs/mkfs.c @@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ static const char rcsid[] = #include "newfs.h" /* - * make file system for cylinder-group style file systems + * make filesystem for cylinder-group style filesystems */ /* @@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ mkfs(struct partition *pp, char *fsys) if (Uflag) sblock.fs_flags |= FS_DOSOFTDEP; /* - * Validate the given file system size. + * Validate the given filesystem size. * Verify that its last block can actually be accessed. */ if (fssize <= 0) @@ -384,8 +384,8 @@ mkfs(struct partition *pp, char *fsys) } sblock.fs_cgsize = fragroundup(&sblock, CGSIZE(&sblock)); /* - * Now have size for file system and nsect and ntrak. - * Determine number of cylinders and blocks in the file system. + * Now have size for filesystem and nsect and ntrak. + * Determine number of cylinders and blocks in the filesystem. */ sblock.fs_size = fssize = dbtofsb(&sblock, fssize); sblock.fs_ncyl = fssize * NSPF(&sblock) / sblock.fs_spc; @@ -394,7 +394,7 @@ mkfs(struct partition *pp, char *fsys) lwarn = 1; } if (sblock.fs_ncyl < 1) { - printf("file systems must have at least one cylinder\n"); + printf("filesystems must have at least one cylinder\n"); exit(28); } /* @@ -404,7 +404,7 @@ mkfs(struct partition *pp, char *fsys) * size of the superblock, SBSIZE. The amount of space available * for tables is calculated as (SBSIZE - sizeof (struct fs)). * The size of these tables is inversely proportional to the block - * size of the file system. The size increases if sectors per track + * size of the filesystem. The size increases if sectors per track * are not powers of two, because more cylinders must be described * by the tables before the rotational pattern repeats (fs_cpc). */ @@ -496,7 +496,7 @@ mkfs(struct partition *pp, char *fsys) sblock.fs_id[1] = random(); /* - * Dump out summary information about file system. + * Dump out summary information about filesystem. */ printf("%s:\t%d sectors in %d %s of %d tracks, %d sectors\n", fsys, sblock.fs_size * NSPF(&sblock), sblock.fs_ncyl, @@ -535,7 +535,7 @@ mkfs(struct partition *pp, char *fsys) if (Nflag) exit(0); /* - * Now construct the initial file system, + * Now construct the initial filesystem, * then write out the super-block. */ fsinit(utime); @@ -720,7 +720,7 @@ initcg(int cylno, time_t utime) } /* - * initialize the file system + * initialize the filesystem */ struct dinode node; @@ -907,7 +907,7 @@ iput(struct dinode *ip, ino_t ino) } /* - * read a block from the file system + * read a block from the filesystem */ void rdfs(daddr_t bno, int size, char *bf) @@ -953,7 +953,7 @@ wtfsflush() } /* - * write a block to the file system + * write a block to the filesystem */ static void wtfs(daddr_t bno, int size, char *bf) diff --git a/sbin/newfs/newfs.8 b/sbin/newfs/newfs.8 index 80c30c3..9ca6337 100644 --- a/sbin/newfs/newfs.8 +++ b/sbin/newfs/newfs.8 @@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ .Os .Sh NAME .Nm newfs , -.Nd construct a new file system +.Nd construct a new filesystem .Sh SYNOPSIS .Nm .Op Fl NOU @@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ Before running the disk must be labeled using .Xr disklabel 8 . .Nm Newfs -builds a file system on the specified special file. +builds a filesystem on the specified special file. (We often refer to the .Dq special file as the @@ -80,8 +80,8 @@ The following options define the general layout policies: .It Fl T Ar disktype For backward compatibility. .It Fl N -Cause the file system parameters to be printed out -without really creating the file system. +Cause the filesystem parameters to be printed out +without really creating the filesystem. .It Fl U Enables soft updates on the new filesystem. .It Fl a Ar maxcontig @@ -92,13 +92,13 @@ See .Xr tunefs 8 for more details on how to set this option. .It Fl b Ar block-size -The block size of the file system, in bytes. It must be a power of 2. The +The block size of the filesystem, in bytes. It must be a power of 2. The default size is 16384 bytes, and the smallest allowable size is 4096 bytes. The optimal block:fragment ratio is 8:1. Other ratios are possible, but are not recommended, and may produce unpredictable results. .It Fl c Ar #cylinders/group -The number of cylinders per cylinder group in a file system. The default +The number of cylinders per cylinder group in a filesystem. The default is to compute the maximum allowed by the other parameters. This value is dependent on a number of other parameters, in particular the block size and the number of bytes per inode. @@ -111,25 +111,25 @@ See .Xr tunefs 8 for more details on how to set this option. .It Fl f Ar frag-size -The fragment size of the file system in bytes. It must be a power of two +The fragment size of the filesystem in bytes. It must be a power of two ranging in value between .Ar blocksize Ns /8 and .Ar blocksize . The default is 2048 bytes. .It Fl g Ar avgfilesize -The expected average file size for the file system. +The expected average file size for the filesystem. .It Fl h Ar avgfpdir -The expected average number of files per directory on the file system. +The expected average number of files per directory on the filesystem. .It Fl i Ar number of bytes per inode -Specify the density of inodes in the file system. +Specify the density of inodes in the filesystem. The default is to create an inode for every .Pq 4 * Ar frag-size bytes of data space. If fewer inodes are desired, a larger number should be used; to create more inodes a smaller number should be given. One inode is required for each distinct file, so this value effectively -specifies the average file size on the file system. +specifies the average file size on the filesystem. .It Fl m Ar free space \&% The percentage of space reserved from normal users; the minimum free space threshold. @@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ See for more details on how to set this option. .It Fl o Ar optimization\ preference .Pq Ar space No or Ar time . -The file system can either be instructed to try to minimize the time spent +The filesystem can either be instructed to try to minimize the time spent allocating blocks, or to try to minimize the space fragmentation on the disk. If the value of minfree (see above) is less than 8%, the default is to optimize for @@ -156,19 +156,19 @@ See .Xr tunefs 8 for more details on how to set this option. .It Fl s Ar size -The size of the file system in sectors. This value defaults to the size of the +The size of the filesystem in sectors. This value defaults to the size of the raw partition specified in .Ar special (in other words, .Nm -will use the entire partition for the file system). +will use the entire partition for the filesystem). .El .Pp The following options override the standard sizes for the disk geometry. Their default values are taken from the disk label. Changing these defaults is useful only when using .Nm -to build a file system whose raw image will eventually be used on a +to build a filesystem whose raw image will eventually be used on a different type of disk than the one on which it is initially created (for example on a write-once disk). Note that changing any of these values from their defaults will make @@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ If zero is specified, the value from the disklabel will be used. .Sh EXAMPLES .Dl newfs /dev/ad3s1a .Pp -Creates a new ufs file system on +Creates a new ufs filesystem on .Pa ad3s1a . .Nm will use a block size of 16384 bytes, a fragment size of 2048 bytes diff --git a/sbin/newfs/newfs.c b/sbin/newfs/newfs.c index efb4686..f6b9e71 100644 --- a/sbin/newfs/newfs.c +++ b/sbin/newfs/newfs.c @@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ static const char rcsid[] = #define MAXBLKPG(bsize) ((bsize) / sizeof(daddr_t)) /* - * Each file system has a number of inodes statically allocated. + * Each filesystem has a number of inodes statically allocated. * We allocate one inode slot per NFPI fragments, expecting this * to be far more than we will ever need. */ @@ -114,10 +114,10 @@ static const char rcsid[] = */ #define NSECTORS 4096 /* number of sectors */ -int Nflag; /* run without writing file system */ +int Nflag; /* run without writing filesystem */ int Rflag; /* regression test */ -int Uflag; /* enable soft updates for file system */ -u_int fssize; /* file system size */ +int Uflag; /* enable soft updates for filesystem */ +u_int fssize; /* filesystem size */ u_int secpercyl = NSECTORS; /* sectors per cylinder */ u_int sectorsize; /* bytes/sector */ int realsectorsize; /* bytes/sector in hardware */ @@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[]) break; case 's': if ((fssize = atoi(optarg)) <= 0) - errx(1, "%s: bad file system size", optarg); + errx(1, "%s: bad filesystem size", optarg); break; case 'u': t_or_u_flag++; @@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[]) cp = strchr(special, '\0'); cp--; if ((*cp < 'a' || *cp > 'h') && !isdigit(*cp)) - errx(1, "%s: can't figure out file system partition", + errx(1, "%s: can't figure out filesystem partition", special); if (isdigit(*cp)) pp = &lp->d_partitions[RAW_PART]; @@ -292,7 +292,7 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[]) fssize = pp->p_size; if (fssize > pp->p_size) errx(1, - "%s: maximum file system size %d", special, pp->p_size); + "%s: maximum filesystem size %d", special, pp->p_size); if (secpercyl == 0) secpercyl = lp->d_nsectors; if (sectorsize == 0) @@ -398,7 +398,7 @@ usage() " [device-type]"); fprintf(stderr, "where fsoptions are:\n"); fprintf(stderr, - "\t-N do not create file system, just print out parameters\n"); + "\t-N do not create filesystem, just print out parameters\n"); fprintf(stderr, "\t-R regression test, supress random factors\n"); fprintf(stderr, "\t-S sector size\n"); fprintf(stderr, "\t-T disktype\n"); @@ -413,7 +413,7 @@ usage() fprintf(stderr, "\t-i number of bytes per inode\n"); fprintf(stderr, "\t-m minimum free space %%\n"); fprintf(stderr, "\t-o optimization preference (`space' or `time')\n"); - fprintf(stderr, "\t-s file system size (sectors)\n"); + fprintf(stderr, "\t-s filesystem size (sectors)\n"); fprintf(stderr, "\t-u sectors/cylinder\n"); fprintf(stderr, "\t-v do not attempt to determine partition name from device name\n"); diff --git a/sbin/newfs/newfs.h b/sbin/newfs/newfs.h index a66a29d..d5fec76 100644 --- a/sbin/newfs/newfs.h +++ b/sbin/newfs/newfs.h @@ -37,10 +37,10 @@ /* * variables set up by front end. */ -extern int Nflag; /* run mkfs without writing file system */ +extern int Nflag; /* run mkfs without writing filesystem */ extern int Rflag; /* regression test */ -extern int Uflag; /* enable soft updates for file system */ -extern u_int fssize; /* file system size */ +extern int Uflag; /* enable soft updates for filesystem */ +extern u_int fssize; /* filesystem size */ extern u_int secpercyl; /* sectors per cylinder */ extern u_int sectorsize; /* bytes/sector */ extern int realsectorsize; /* bytes/sector in hardware*/ diff --git a/sbin/newfs_msdos/newfs_msdos.8 b/sbin/newfs_msdos/newfs_msdos.8 index 3f26ded..8c4a608 100644 --- a/sbin/newfs_msdos/newfs_msdos.8 +++ b/sbin/newfs_msdos/newfs_msdos.8 @@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ .Os .Sh NAME .Nm newfs_msdos -.Nd construct a new MS-DOS (FAT) file system +.Nd construct a new MS-DOS (FAT) filesystem .Sh SYNOPSIS .Nm .Op Fl N @@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ .Sh DESCRIPTION The .Nm -utility creates a FAT12, FAT16, or FAT32 file system on device +utility creates a FAT12, FAT16, or FAT32 filesystem on device .Ar special , using .Xr disktab 5 @@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ to determine geometry, if required. The options are as follow: .Bl -tag -width indent .It Fl N -Don't create a file system: just print out parameters. +Don't create a filesystem: just print out parameters. .It Fl B Ar boot Get bootstrap from file. .It Fl F Ar FAT-type @@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ are (capacities in kilobytes): 160, 180, 320, 360, 640, 720, 1200, .It Fl h Ar heads Number of drive heads. .It Fl i Ar info -Location of the file system info sector (FAT32 only). +Location of the filesystem info sector (FAT32 only). A value of 0xffff signifies no info sector. .It Fl k Ar backup Location of the backup boot sector (FAT32 only). A value @@ -124,9 +124,9 @@ File system size. Number of sectors per track. .El .Sh NOTES -FAT file system parameters occupy a "Boot Sector BPB (BIOS Parameter +FAT filesystem parameters occupy a "Boot Sector BPB (BIOS Parameter Block)" in the first of the "reserved" sectors which precede the actual -file system. For reference purposes, this structure is presented +filesystem. For reference purposes, this structure is presented below. .Bd -literal struct bsbpb { @@ -147,9 +147,9 @@ struct bsbpb { struct bsxbpb { u_int32_t bspf; /* [-a] big sectors per FAT */ u_int16_t xflg; /* control flags */ - u_int16_t vers; /* file system version */ + u_int16_t vers; /* filesystem version */ u_int32_t rdcl; /* root directory start cluster */ - u_int16_t infs; /* [-i] file system info sector */ + u_int16_t infs; /* [-i] filesystem info sector */ u_int16_t bkbs; /* [-k] backup boot sector */ }; .Ed @@ -158,13 +158,13 @@ struct bsxbpb { newfs_msdos /dev/ad0s1 .Ed .Pp -Create a file system, using default parameters, on +Create a filesystem, using default parameters, on .Pa /dev/ad0s1 . .Bd -literal -offset indent newfs_msdos -f 1440 -L foo fd0 .Ed .Pp -Create a standard 1.44M file system, with volume label +Create a standard 1.44M filesystem, with volume label .Ar foo , on .Pa /dev/fd0 . diff --git a/sbin/newfs_msdos/newfs_msdos.c b/sbin/newfs_msdos/newfs_msdos.c index d0085f7..c0fd131 100644 --- a/sbin/newfs_msdos/newfs_msdos.c +++ b/sbin/newfs_msdos/newfs_msdos.c @@ -116,9 +116,9 @@ struct bsbpb { struct bsxbpb { u_int8_t bspf[4]; /* big sectors per FAT */ u_int8_t xflg[2]; /* FAT control flags */ - u_int8_t vers[2]; /* file system version */ + u_int8_t vers[2]; /* filesystem version */ u_int8_t rdcl[4]; /* root directory start cluster */ - u_int8_t infs[2]; /* file system info sector */ + u_int8_t infs[2]; /* filesystem info sector */ u_int8_t bkbs[2]; /* backup boot sector */ u_int8_t rsvd[12]; /* reserved */ }; @@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ struct bsx { u_int8_t sig; /* extended boot signature */ u_int8_t volid[4]; /* volume ID number */ u_int8_t label[11]; /* volume label */ - u_int8_t type[8]; /* file system type */ + u_int8_t type[8]; /* filesystem type */ }; struct de { @@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ struct bpb { u_int bsec; /* big total sectors */ u_int bspf; /* big sectors per FAT */ u_int rdcl; /* root directory start cluster */ - u_int infs; /* file system info sector */ + u_int infs; /* filesystem info sector */ u_int bkbs; /* backup boot sector */ }; @@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ static void setstr(u_int8_t *, const char *, size_t); static void usage(void); /* - * Construct a FAT12, FAT16, or FAT32 file system. + * Construct a FAT12, FAT16, or FAT32 filesystem. */ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) @@ -324,7 +324,7 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[]) opt_r = argto2(optarg, 1, "reserved sectors"); break; case 's': - opt_s = argto4(optarg, 1, "file system size"); + opt_s = argto4(optarg, 1, "filesystem size"); break; case 'u': opt_u = argto2(optarg, 1, "sectors/track"); @@ -502,7 +502,7 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[]) x1 = bpb.res + rds; x = bpb.bspf ? bpb.bspf : 1; if (x1 + (u_int64_t)x * bpb.nft > bpb.bsec) - errx(1, "meta data exceeds file system size"); + errx(1, "meta data exceeds filesystem size"); x1 += x * bpb.nft; x = (u_int64_t)(bpb.bsec - x1) * bpb.bps * NPB / (bpb.spc * bpb.bps * NPB + fat / BPN * bpb.nft); @@ -517,7 +517,7 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[]) if (cls > x) cls = x; if (bpb.bspf < x2) - warnx("warning: sectors/FAT limits file system to %u clusters", + warnx("warning: sectors/FAT limits filesystem to %u clusters", cls); if (cls < mincls(fat)) errx(1, "%u clusters too few clusters for FAT%u, need %u", cls, fat, @@ -525,7 +525,7 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[]) if (cls > maxcls(fat)) { cls = maxcls(fat); bpb.bsec = x1 + (cls + 1) * bpb.spc - 1; - warnx("warning: FAT type limits file system to %u sectors", + warnx("warning: FAT type limits filesystem to %u sectors", bpb.bsec); } printf("%s: %u sector%s in %u FAT%u cluster%s " @@ -660,7 +660,7 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[]) } /* - * Exit with error if file system is mounted. + * Exit with error if filesystem is mounted. */ static void check_mounted(const char *fname, mode_t mode) @@ -904,7 +904,7 @@ usage(void) fprintf(stderr, "usage: newfs_msdos [ -options ] special [disktype]\n"); fprintf(stderr, "where the options are:\n"); - fprintf(stderr, "\t-N don't create file system: " + fprintf(stderr, "\t-N don't create filesystem: " "just print out parameters\n"); fprintf(stderr, "\t-B get bootstrap from file\n"); fprintf(stderr, "\t-F FAT type (12, 16, or 32)\n"); @@ -918,13 +918,13 @@ usage(void) fprintf(stderr, "\t-e root directory entries\n"); fprintf(stderr, "\t-f standard format\n"); fprintf(stderr, "\t-h drive heads\n"); - fprintf(stderr, "\t-i file system info sector\n"); + fprintf(stderr, "\t-i filesystem info sector\n"); fprintf(stderr, "\t-k backup boot sector\n"); fprintf(stderr, "\t-m media descriptor\n"); fprintf(stderr, "\t-n number of FATs\n"); fprintf(stderr, "\t-o hidden sectors\n"); fprintf(stderr, "\t-r reserved sectors\n"); - fprintf(stderr, "\t-s file system size (sectors)\n"); + fprintf(stderr, "\t-s filesystem size (sectors)\n"); fprintf(stderr, "\t-u sectors/track\n"); exit(1); } diff --git a/sbin/quotacheck/quotacheck.8 b/sbin/quotacheck/quotacheck.8 index fef9e02..ed81fe2 100644 --- a/sbin/quotacheck/quotacheck.8 +++ b/sbin/quotacheck/quotacheck.8 @@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ quota files named .Pa quota.user and .Pa quota.group -which are located at the root of the associated file system. +which are located at the root of the associated filesystem. These defaults may be overridden in .Pa /etc/fstab . If a file is not present, diff --git a/sbin/quotacheck/quotacheck.c b/sbin/quotacheck/quotacheck.c index fff1b73..54339e7 100644 --- a/sbin/quotacheck/quotacheck.c +++ b/sbin/quotacheck/quotacheck.c @@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ struct fileusage { #define FUHASH 1024 /* must be power of two */ struct fileusage *fuhead[MAXQUOTAS][FUHASH]; -int aflag; /* all file systems */ +int aflag; /* all filesystems */ int gflag; /* check group quotas */ int uflag; /* check user quotas */ int vflag; /* verbose */ diff --git a/sbin/reboot/boot_i386.8 b/sbin/reboot/boot_i386.8 index ae5082b..f354133 100644 --- a/sbin/reboot/boot_i386.8 +++ b/sbin/reboot/boot_i386.8 @@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ .Sh DESCRIPTION .Sy Power fail and crash recovery . Normally, the system will reboot itself at power-up or after crashes. -An automatic consistency check of the file systems will be performed, +An automatic consistency check of the filesystems will be performed, and unless this fails, the system will resume multi-user operations. .Pp .Sy Cold starts . @@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ Boot flags: .Bl -tag -width "-CXX" -compact .It Fl a during kernel initialization, -ask for the device to mount as the root file system. +ask for the device to mount as the root filesystem. .It Fl C boot from CDROM. .It Fl c @@ -244,10 +244,10 @@ options are automatically set. pause after each attached device during the device probing phase. .It Fl r use the statically configured default for the device containing the -root file system +root filesystem (see .Xr config 8 ) . -Normally, the root file system is on the device +Normally, the root filesystem is on the device that the kernel was loaded from. .It Fl s boot into single-user mode; if the console is marked as diff --git a/sbin/reboot/reboot.8 b/sbin/reboot/reboot.8 index bf914b1..71018c1 100644 --- a/sbin/reboot/reboot.8 +++ b/sbin/reboot/reboot.8 @@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ The .Nm halt and .Nm -utilities flush the file system cache to disk, send all running processes +utilities flush the filesystem cache to disk, send all running processes a .Dv SIGTERM (and subsequently a @@ -98,11 +98,11 @@ or .Nm halt and log this themselves. .It Fl n -The file system cache is not flushed. +The filesystem cache is not flushed. This option should probably not be used. .It Fl q The system is halted or restarted quickly and ungracefully, and only -the flushing of the file system cache is performed (if the +the flushing of the filesystem cache is performed (if the .Fl n is not specified). This option should probably not be used. diff --git a/sbin/restore/main.c b/sbin/restore/main.c index 6682ee3..0c7b363 100644 --- a/sbin/restore/main.c +++ b/sbin/restore/main.c @@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[]) runcmdshell(); break; /* - * Incremental restoration of a file system. + * Incremental restoration of a filesystem. */ case 'r': setup(); @@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[]) dumpsymtable(symtbl, (long)1); break; /* - * Resume an incremental file system restoration. + * Resume an incremental filesystem restoration. */ case 'R': initsymtable(symtbl); diff --git a/sbin/restore/restore.8 b/sbin/restore/restore.8 index db1c5d2..21db268 100644 --- a/sbin/restore/restore.8 +++ b/sbin/restore/restore.8 @@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ .Sh NAME .Nm restore , .Nm rrestore -.Nd "restore files or file systems from backups made with dump" +.Nd "restore files or filesystems from backups made with dump" .Sh SYNOPSIS .Nm .Fl i @@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ The .Nm command performs the inverse function of .Xr dump 8 . -A full backup of a file system may be restored and +A full backup of a filesystem may be restored and subsequent incremental backups layered on top of it. Single files and directory subtrees may be restored from full or partial @@ -190,12 +190,12 @@ a full restore flag below). This is useful if the restore has been interrupted. .It Fl r -Restore (rebuild a file system). -The target file system should be made pristine with +Restore (rebuild a filesystem). +The target filesystem should be made pristine with .Xr newfs 8 , mounted and the user .Xr cd Ns 'd -into the pristine file system +into the pristine filesystem before starting the restoration of the initial level 0 backup. If the level 0 restores successfully, the @@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ in conjunction with .Xr newfs 8 and .Xr dump 8 , -may be used to modify file system parameters +may be used to modify filesystem parameters such as size or block size. .It Fl t The names of the specified files are listed if they occur @@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ tries to determine the media block size dynamically. Normally, .Nm will try to determine dynamically whether the dump was made from an -old (pre-4.4) or new format file system. The +old (pre-4.4) or new format filesystem. The .Fl c flag disables this check, and only allows reading a dump in the old format. @@ -381,19 +381,19 @@ Most checks are self-explanatory or can ``never happen''. Common errors are given below. .Pp .Bl -tag -width Ds -compact -.It Converting to new file system format. -A dump tape created from the old file system has been loaded. -It is automatically converted to the new file system format. +.It Converting to new filesystem format. +A dump tape created from the old filesystem has been loaded. +It is automatically converted to the new filesystem format. .Pp .It <filename>: not found on tape The specified file name was listed in the tape directory, but was not found on the tape. This is caused by tape read errors while looking for the file, -and from using a dump tape created on an active file system. +and from using a dump tape created on an active filesystem. .Pp .It expected next file <inumber>, got <inumber> A file that was not listed in the directory showed up. -This can occur when using a dump created on an active file system. +This can occur when using a dump created on an active filesystem. .Pp .It Incremental dump too low When doing incremental restore, @@ -441,7 +441,7 @@ information passed between incremental restores. .Sh BUGS .Nm Restore can get confused when doing incremental restores from -dumps that were made on active file systems. +dumps that were made on active filesystems. .Pp A level zero dump must be done after a full restore. Because restore runs in user code, diff --git a/sbin/restore/restore.c b/sbin/restore/restore.c index 614fa01..46e208b 100644 --- a/sbin/restore/restore.c +++ b/sbin/restore/restore.c @@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ nodeupdates(char *name, ino_t ino, int type) /* * A previously non-existent file. - * Add it to the file system, and request its extraction. + * Add it to the filesystem, and request its extraction. * If it is a directory, create it immediately. * (Since the name is unused there can be no conflict) */ diff --git a/sbin/restore/restore.h b/sbin/restore/restore.h index 4b3affc..1e71330 100644 --- a/sbin/restore/restore.h +++ b/sbin/restore/restore.h @@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ * SUCH DAMAGE. * * @(#)restore.h 8.3 (Berkeley) 9/13/94 + * $FreeBSD$ */ /* @@ -55,7 +56,7 @@ extern int yflag; /* always try to recover from tape errors */ */ extern char *dumpmap; /* map of inodes on this dump tape */ extern char *usedinomap; /* map of inodes that are in use on this fs */ -extern ino_t maxino; /* highest numbered inode in this file system */ +extern ino_t maxino; /* highest numbered inode in this filesystem */ extern long dumpnum; /* location of the dump on this tape */ extern long volno; /* current volume being read */ extern long ntrec; /* number of TP_BSIZE records per tape block */ @@ -67,7 +68,7 @@ extern int oldinofmt; /* reading tape with old format inodes */ extern int Bcvt; /* need byte swapping on inodes and dirs */ /* - * Each file in the file system is described by one of these entries + * Each file in the filesystem is described by one of these entries */ struct entry { char *e_name; /* the current name of this entry */ diff --git a/sbin/restore/symtab.c b/sbin/restore/symtab.c index 3dd55f8..a0282f8 100644 --- a/sbin/restore/symtab.c +++ b/sbin/restore/symtab.c @@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ static const char rcsid[] = /* * These routines maintain the symbol table which tracks the state - * of the file system being restored. They provide lookup by either + * of the filesystem being restored. They provide lookup by either * name or inode number. They also provide for creation, deletion, * and renaming of entries. Because of the dynamic nature of pathnames, * names should not be saved, but always constructed just before they @@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ static const char rcsid[] = /* * The following variables define the inode symbol table. * The primary hash table is dynamically allocated based on - * the number of inodes in the file system (maxino), scaled by + * the number of inodes in the filesystem (maxino), scaled by * HASHFACTOR. The variable "entry" points to the hash table; * the variable "entrytblsize" indicates its size (in entries). */ diff --git a/sbin/restore/tape.c b/sbin/restore/tape.c index f5b5438..c40c7a9 100644 --- a/sbin/restore/tape.c +++ b/sbin/restore/tape.c @@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ setup(void) fprintf(stderr, "Tape is not a dump tape\n"); done(1); } - fprintf(stderr, "Converting to new file system format.\n"); + fprintf(stderr, "Converting to new filesystem format.\n"); } if (pipein) { endoftapemark.s_spcl.c_magic = cvtflag ? OFS_MAGIC : NFS_MAGIC; diff --git a/sbin/shutdown/shutdown.8 b/sbin/shutdown/shutdown.8 index 3b172fc..41c503f 100644 --- a/sbin/shutdown/shutdown.8 +++ b/sbin/shutdown/shutdown.8 @@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ instead of sending signal to .It Fl n If the .Fl o -is specified, prevent the file system cache from being flushed by passing +is specified, prevent the filesystem cache from being flushed by passing .Fl n option to .Xr halt 8 diff --git a/sbin/tunefs/tunefs.c b/sbin/tunefs/tunefs.c index 39ca9d0..b40c8cb 100644 --- a/sbin/tunefs/tunefs.c +++ b/sbin/tunefs/tunefs.c @@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ static const char rcsid[] = #endif /* not lint */ /* - * tunefs: change layout parameters to an existing file system. + * tunefs: change layout parameters to an existing filesystem. */ #include <sys/param.h> #include <sys/mount.h> @@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ again: err(1, "%s", special); } if (fs == NULL && (st.st_mode & S_IFMT) == S_IFDIR) - errx(10, "%s: unknown file system", special); + errx(10, "%s: unknown filesystem", special); getsb(&sblock, special); if (pflag) { @@ -343,7 +343,7 @@ again: if (mount("ufs", fs->fs_file, stfs.f_flags | MNT_UPDATE | MNT_RELOAD, &args) < 0) err(9, "%s: reload", special); - warnx("file system reloaded"); + warnx("filesystem reloaded"); } exit(0); } diff --git a/sbin/umount/umount.c b/sbin/umount/umount.c index 6148f30..cd1a6c6 100644 --- a/sbin/umount/umount.c +++ b/sbin/umount/umount.c @@ -224,14 +224,14 @@ umountall(char **typelist) strcmp(fs->fs_type, FSTAB_RO) && strcmp(fs->fs_type, FSTAB_RQ)) continue; - /* Ignore unknown file system types. */ + /* Ignore unknown filesystem types. */ if (getvfsbyname(fs->fs_vfstype, &vfc) == -1) continue; if (checkvfsname(fs->fs_vfstype, typelist)) continue; /* - * We want to unmount the file systems in the reverse order + * We want to unmount the filesystems in the reverse order * that they were mounted. So, we save off the file name * in some allocated memory, and then call recursively. */ @@ -507,7 +507,7 @@ getmntname(const char *fromname, const char *onname, err(1, "calloc"); } /* - * We want to get the file systems in the reverse order + * We want to get the filesystems in the reverse order * that they were mounted. Mounted and unmounted filesystems * are marked or unmarked in a table called 'mntcheck'. * Unmount(const char *dir, int flags) does only take the diff --git a/sbin/vinum/v.c b/sbin/vinum/v.c index fc8fb29..eaefabb 100644 --- a/sbin/vinum/v.c +++ b/sbin/vinum/v.c @@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[], char *envp[]) exit(1); } } else if ((errno != ENOENT) /* not "not there", */ - &&(errno != EROFS)) { /* and not read-only file system */ + &&(errno != EROFS)) { /* and not read-only filesystem */ fprintf(stderr, "Can't open %s: %s (%d)\n", historyfile, diff --git a/sbin/vinum/vinum.8 b/sbin/vinum/vinum.8 index ff792c9..f09fe53 100644 --- a/sbin/vinum/vinum.8 +++ b/sbin/vinum/vinum.8 @@ -1656,7 +1656,7 @@ state. Use the .Ic start command to first bring them to a consistent state. In the case of striped and concatenated plexes, however, it does not normally cause problems to leave them -inconsistent: when using a volume for a file system or a swap partition, the +inconsistent: when using a volume for a filesystem or a swap partition, the previous contents of the disks are not of interest, so they may be ignored. If you want to take this risk, use the .Cm setupstate @@ -1853,7 +1853,7 @@ and .Dq Li f may be used as .Em UFS -file systems or +filesystems or .Em ccd partitions. Partition .Dq Li b @@ -2006,8 +2006,8 @@ can access the complete address space of the volume even if a drive fails. .It You want to set up .Nm -to allow more concurrent access to a file system. In many cases, access to a -file system is limited by the speed of the disk. By spreading the volume across +to allow more concurrent access to a filesystem. In many cases, access to a +filesystem is limited by the speed of the disk. By spreading the volume across multiple disks, you can increase the throughput in multi-access environments. This technique shows little or no performance improvement in single-access environments. @@ -2280,7 +2280,7 @@ reasonably small number of fragmented requests with a stripe size between 256 kB and 512 kB; with correct RAID implementations there is no obvious reason not to increase the size to 2 or 4 MB on a large disk. .Pp -When choosing a stripe size, consider that most current UFS file systems have +When choosing a stripe size, consider that most current UFS filesystems have cylinder groups 32 MB in size. If you have a stripe size and number of disks both of which are a power of two, it is probable that all superblocks and inodes will be placed on the same subdisk, which will impact performance significantly. @@ -2302,11 +2302,11 @@ speed, the transfer time depends only on the total size of the transfer. .Pp Consider a typical news article or web page of 24 kB, which will probably be read in a single I/O. Take disks with a transfer rate of 6 MB/s and an average -positioning time of 8 ms, and a file system with 4 kB blocks. Since it's 24 kB, +positioning time of 8 ms, and a filesystem with 4 kB blocks. Since it's 24 kB, we don't have to worry about fragments, so the file will start on a 4 kB boundary. The number of transfers required depends on where the block starts: -it's (S + F - 1) / S, where S is the stripe size in file system blocks, and F is -the file size in file system blocks. +it's (S + F - 1) / S, where S is the stripe size in filesystem blocks, and F is +the file size in filesystem blocks. .Bl -enum .It Stripe size of 4 kB. You'll have 6 transfers. Total subsystem load: 48 ms @@ -2344,8 +2344,8 @@ volume: Striping improves performance for multiple access only, since it increases the chance of individual requests being on different drives. .It -Concatenating UFS file systems across multiple drives can also improve -performance for multiple file access, since UFS divides a file system into +Concatenating UFS filesystems across multiple drives can also improve +performance for multiple file access, since UFS divides a filesystem into cylinder groups and attempts to keep files in a single cylinder group. In general, it is not as effective as striping. .It @@ -2382,17 +2382,17 @@ state of one of the objects), writes up to 128 kB of updated configuration to each drive. The larger the number of drives, the longer this takes. .El -.Ss Creating file systems on Vinum volumes +.Ss Creating filesystems on Vinum volumes You do not need to run .Xr disklabel 8 -before creating a file system on a +before creating a filesystem on a .Nm volume. Just run .Xr newfs 8 . Use the .Fl v option to state that the device is not divided into partitions. For example, to -create a file system on volume +create a filesystem on volume .Pa mirror , enter the following command: .Pp @@ -2410,8 +2410,8 @@ will suffer when the configuration changes. Use appropriately sized subdisks in It is possible to increase the size of a concatenated .Nm plex, but currently the size of striped and RAID-5 plexes cannot be increased. -Currently the size of an existing UFS file system also cannot be increased, but -it is planned to make both plexes and file systems extensible. +Currently the size of an existing UFS filesystem also cannot be increased, but +it is planned to make both plexes and filesystems extensible. .El .Sh STATE MANAGEMENT Vinum objects have the concept of @@ -2472,7 +2472,7 @@ This behaviour of .Nm ccd is an invitation to shoot yourself in the foot: with .Nm ccd -you can easily overwrite a file system. +you can easily overwrite a filesystem. .Nm will not permit this. .Pp |
