diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'sbin/fsck_ffs/fsck_ffs.8')
-rw-r--r-- | sbin/fsck_ffs/fsck_ffs.8 | 112 |
1 files changed, 58 insertions, 54 deletions
diff --git a/sbin/fsck_ffs/fsck_ffs.8 b/sbin/fsck_ffs/fsck_ffs.8 index 51d1679..20c867f 100644 --- a/sbin/fsck_ffs/fsck_ffs.8 +++ b/sbin/fsck_ffs/fsck_ffs.8 @@ -1,3 +1,4 @@ +.\" .\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1989, 1991, 1993 .\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. .\" @@ -10,7 +11,7 @@ .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. .\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software -.\" must display the following acknowledgment: +.\" must display the following acknowledgement: .\" This product includes software developed by the University of .\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. .\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors @@ -30,9 +31,8 @@ .\" SUCH DAMAGE. .\" .\" @(#)fsck.8 8.4 (Berkeley) 5/9/95 -.\" $Id: fsck.8,v 1.10 1997/03/12 16:35:26 bde Exp $ .\" -.Dd May 9, 1995 +.Dd November 15, 1996 .Dt FSCK 8 .Os BSD 4 .Sh NAME @@ -43,24 +43,25 @@ .Fl p .Op Fl f .Op Fl m Ar mode +.Op Ar filesystem +.Ar ... .Nm fsck +.Op Fl ny .Op Fl b Ar block# .Op Fl c Ar level .Op Fl l Ar maxparallel -.Op Fl y -.Op Fl n .Op Fl m Ar mode .Op Ar filesystem .Ar ... .Sh DESCRIPTION The first form of -.Nm +.Nm fsck preens a standard set of filesystems or the specified filesystems. It is normally used in the script .Pa /etc/rc during automatic reboot. Here -.Nm +.Nm fsck reads the table .Pa /etc/fstab to determine which filesystems to check. @@ -73,22 +74,18 @@ running one process per disk drive. The disk drive containing each filesystem is inferred from the longest prefix of the device name that ends in a digit; the remaining characters are assumed to be the partition designator. -.Pp -The clean flag of each filesystem's superblock is examined and only those filesystems that -are not marked clean are checked. +In preening mode, +filesystems that are marked clean are skipped. Filesystems are marked clean when they are unmounted, when they have been mounted read-only, or when -.Nm +.Nm fsck runs on them successfully. -If the -.Fl f -option is specified, the filesystems -will be checked regardless of the state of their clean flag. .Pp The kernel takes care that only a restricted class of innocuous filesystem inconsistencies can happen unless hardware or software failures intervene. These are limited to the following: -.Bl -item -compact +.Pp +.Bl -item -compact -offset indent .It Unreferenced inodes .It @@ -102,7 +99,7 @@ Counts in the super-block wrong .El .Pp These are the only inconsistencies that -.Nm +.Nm fsck with the .Fl p option will correct; if it encounters other inconsistencies, it exits @@ -110,7 +107,7 @@ with an abnormal return status and an automatic reboot will then fail. For each corrected inconsistency one or more lines will be printed identifying the filesystem on which the correction will take place, and the nature of the correction. After successfully correcting a filesystem, -.Nm +.Nm fsck will print the number of files on that filesystem, the number of used and free blocks, and the percentage of fragmentation. @@ -118,7 +115,7 @@ and the percentage of fragmentation. If sent a .Dv QUIT signal, -.Nm +.Nm fsck will finish the filesystem checks, then exit with an abnormal return status that causes an automatic reboot to fail. This is useful when you want to finish the filesystem checks during an @@ -128,7 +125,7 @@ but do not want the machine to come up multiuser after the checks complete. Without the .Fl p option, -.Nm +.Nm fsck audits and interactively repairs inconsistent conditions for filesystems. If the filesystem is inconsistent the operator is prompted for concurrence before each correction is attempted. @@ -144,7 +141,7 @@ is to wait for the operator to respond or .Li no . If the operator does not have write permission on the filesystem -.Nm +.Nm fsck will default to a .Fl n action. @@ -158,38 +155,12 @@ and combined. .Pp The following flags are interpreted by -.Nm Ns . +.Nm fsck . .Bl -tag -width indent .It Fl b Use the block specified immediately after the flag as the super block for the filesystem. Block 32 is usually an alternate super block. -.It Fl l -Limit the number of parallel checks to the number specified in the following -argument. -By default, the limit is the number of disks, running one process per disk. -If a smaller limit is given, the disks are checked round-robin, one filesystem -at a time. -.It Fl m -Use the mode specified in octal immediately after the flag as the -permission bits to use when creating the -.Pa lost+found -directory rather than the default 1777. -In particular, systems that do not wish to have lost files accessible -by all users on the system should use a more restrictive -set of permissions such as 700. -.It Fl y -Assume a yes response to all questions asked by -.Nm Ns ; -this should be used with great caution as this is a free license -to continue after essentially unlimited trouble has been encountered. -.It Fl n -Assume a no response to all questions asked by -.Nm -except for -.Ql CONTINUE? , -which is assumed to be affirmative; -do not open the filesystem for writing. .It Fl c Convert the filesystem to the specified level. Note that the level of a filesystem can only be raised. @@ -210,7 +181,7 @@ If maxcontig is equal to one, delete any existing segment maps. .El .Pp In interactive mode, -.Nm +.Nm fsck will list the conversion to be made and ask whether the conversion should be done. If a negative answer is given, @@ -223,10 +194,44 @@ are being converted at once. The format of a filesystem can be determined from the first line of output from .Xr dumpfs 8 . +.It Fl f +Force +.Nm fsck +to check +.Sq clean +filesystems when preening. +.It Fl l +Limit the number of parallel checks to the number specified in the following +argument. +By default, the limit is the number of disks, running one process per disk. +If a smaller limit is given, the disks are checked round-robin, one filesystem +at a time. +.It Fl m +Use the mode specified in octal immediately after the flag as the +permission bits to use when creating the +.Pa lost+found +directory rather than the default 1777. +In particular, systems that do not wish to have lost files accessible +by all users on the system should use a more restrictive +set of permissions such as 700. +.It Fl n +Assume a no response to all questions asked by +.Nm fsck +except for +.Ql CONTINUE? , +which is assumed to be affirmative; +do not open the filesystem for writing. +.It Fl p +Preen filesystems (see above). +.It Fl y +Assume a yes response to all questions asked by +.Nm fsck ; +this should be used with great caution as this is a free license +to continue after essentially unlimited trouble has been encountered. .El .Pp If no filesystems are given to -.Nm +.Nm fsck then a default list of filesystems is read from the file .Pa /etc/fstab . @@ -259,7 +264,7 @@ File pointing to unallocated inode. .It Inode number out of range. .It -Holes in directories. +Directories with unallocated blocks (holes). .It Dot or dot-dot not the first two entries of a directory or having the wrong inode number. @@ -296,14 +301,13 @@ contains default list of filesystems to check. .El .Sh DIAGNOSTICS The diagnostics produced by -.Nm +.Nm fsck are fully enumerated and explained in Appendix A of .Rs .%T "Fsck \- The UNIX File System Check Program" .Re .Sh SEE ALSO -.Xr fs 5 , .Xr fstab 5 , -.Xr fsdb 8 , +.Xr fs 5 , .Xr newfs 8 , .Xr reboot 8 |