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diff --git a/release/texts/alpha/INSTALL.TXT b/release/texts/alpha/INSTALL.TXT deleted file mode 100644 index bf1db32..0000000 --- a/release/texts/alpha/INSTALL.TXT +++ /dev/null @@ -1,448 +0,0 @@ -+===================== Installing FreeBSD ==========================+ -| | -| Table of Contents: | -| | -| 0.0 Quick Start: | -| 0.1 Installing FreeBSD from CDROM or the Internet. | -| | -| 1.0 Detail on various installation types: | -| 1.1 Installing from a network CDROM | -| 1.2 Installing from Floppies | -| 1.3 Installing from QIC/SCSI tape | -| 1.4 Installing over a network using NFS or FTP | -| 1.4.1 NFS Installation tips | -| 1.4.2 FTP Installation tips | -| | -+=====================================================================+ - -Author: Jordan K. Hubbard -Last updated: Fri Mar 16 14:47:31 PST 2001 - -0.0 Quick Start ---- ----------- - -This manual documents the process of making a new installation of -FreeBSD on your machine. If you are upgrading from a previous -release of FreeBSD, please see the file UPGRADE.TXT for important -information on upgrading. If you are not familiar with configuring -hardware for FreeBSD, you should also read the HARDWARE.TXT file - -it contains important information which may save you a lot of grief. - -If you're new to FreeBSD then you should also read EVERYTHING listed -in the Documentation menu on the boot floppy. It may seem like a lot -to read, but the time you spend now reading the documents will be made -up many times over because you were adequately prepared. Also, you will -know the types of information available should you get stuck later. -Once the system is installed, you can also revisit this menu and use a -WEB browser to read the installed FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions) and -Handbook HTML documentation sets for FreeBSD. You can also use the -browser to visit other WEB sites on the net (like http://www.freebsd.org) -if you have an Internet connection. See ABOUT.TXT for more information -on the resources available to you. - -The best laid plans sometimes go awry, so if you run into trouble take a -look at TROUBLE.TXT which contains valuable troubleshooting information. - -DISCLAIMER: While FreeBSD does its best to safeguard against -accidental loss of data, it's still more than possible to WIPE OUT -YOUR ENTIRE DISK with this installation! Please do not proceed to the -final FreeBSD installation menu unless you've adequately backed up any -important data first! We really mean it! - -FreeBSD/alpha supports the alpha platforms described in HARDWARE.TXT - -You will need a dedicated disk for FreeBSD/alpha. It is not possible -to share a disk with another operating system at this time. This disk -will need to be attached to a SCSI controller which is supported by -the SRM firmware or an IDE disk assuming the SRM in your machine -supports booting from IDE disks. - -Your root filesystem MUST be the first partition (partition a) on the -disk to be bootable. - -You will need the SRM console firmware for your platform. In some -cases, it is possible to switch between AlphaBIOS (or ARC) firmware -and SRM. In others it will be necessary to download new firmware from -the vendor's Website. - -0.1 Installing FreeBSD from CDROM or the Internet ---- --------------------------------------------- - -The easiest type of installation is from CD. If you have a supported -CDROM drive and a FreeBSD installation CD from Walnut Creek CDROM, you -can boot FreeBSD directly from the CDROM. Insert the CDROM into the -drive and type the following command to start the installation: - - >>>boot dka0 (or whatever device your CDROM drive is) - -Alternatively you can boot the installation from floppy disk. You -should start the installation by building a set of FreeBSD boot floppy -from the files floppies/kern.flp and floppies/mfsroot.flp using the -instructions found in floppies/README.TXT. From the SRM console prompt -(>>>), just insert the kern.flp floppy and type the following command -to start the installation: - - >>>boot dva0 - -Insert the mfsroot.flp floppy when prompted and you will end up at the -first screen of the install program. - -If you don't have a CDROM and would like to simply install over the -net using PPP, slip or a dedicated connection, simply fetch the -<FreeBSD-release>/floppies/kern.flp and mfsroot.flp files from: - - ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD - -or one of its many mirrors (http://www.freebsd.org/handbook/mirrors.html) -and follow step 3 above. You should also read the floppies/README.TXT -file as it contains important information for downloaders. - -Once you have a boot floppy made, please go to section 1.4 of this -document for additional tips on installing via FTP or NFS. - - -1.0 Detail on various installation types ---- ------------------------------------ - -Once you've gotten yourself to the initial installation screen -somehow, you should be able to follow the various menu prompts and go -from there. If you've never used the FreeBSD installation before, you -are also encouraged to read some of the documentation in the the -Documentation submenu as well as the general "Usage" instructions on -the first menu. - - REMEMBER: If you get stuck at a screen, hit F1 for the online - documentation for that section. - -If you've never installed FreeBSD before, or even if you have, the -"Standard" installation mode is the most recommended since it makes sure -that you'll visit all the various important checklist items along the -way. If you're much more comfortable with the FreeBSD installation -process and know _exactly_ what you want to do, use the Express or -Custom installation options. If you're upgrading an existing system, -use the Upgrade option. - -The FreeBSD installer supports the direct use of floppy, DOS, tape, -CDROM, FTP, NFS and UFS partitions as installation media, further tips -on installing from each type of media listed below. - -Once the install procedure has finished, you will be able to start -FreeBSD/alpha by typing something like this to the SRM prompt: - - >>>boot dkc0 - -This instructs the firmware to boot the specified disk. To find the -SRM names of disks in your machine, use the show device command: - - >>>show device - dka0.0.0.4.0 DKA0 TOSHIBA CD-ROM XM-57 3476 - dkc0.0.0.1009.0 DKC0 RZ1BB-BS 0658 - dkc100.1.0.1009.0 DKC100 SEAGATE ST34501W 0015 - dva0.0.0.0.1 DVA0 - ewa0.0.0.3.0 EWA0 00-00-F8-75-6D-01 - pkc0.7.0.1009.0 PKC0 SCSI Bus ID 7 5.27 - pqa0.0.0.4.0 PQA0 PCI EIDE - pqb0.0.1.4.0 PQB0 PCI EIDE - - -This example is from a Digital Personal Workstation 433au and shows -three disks attached to the machine. The first is a CDROM called dka0 -and the other two are disks and are called dkc0 and dkc100 -repectively. - -You can specify which kernel file to load and what boot options to use -with the -file and -flags options to boot, e.g.: - - >>>boot -file kernel.old -flags s - -To make FreeBSD/alpha boot automatically, use these commands: - - >>>set boot_osflags a - >>>set bootdef_dev dkc0 - >>>set auto_action BOOT - - -1.1 Installing from a network CDROM ---- ------------------------------- - -If you simply wish to install from a local CDROM drive then see the -Quick Start section. If you don't have a CDROM drive on your system -and wish to use a FreeBSD distribution CD in the CDROM drive of -another system to which you have network connectivity, there are -several ways of going about it: - -1. If you would be able to FTP install FreeBSD directly from the CDROM - drive in some FreeBSD machine, it's quite easy: You simply add the - following line to the password file (using the vipw command): - - ftp:*:99:99::0:0:FTP:/cdrom:/sbin/nologin - - Warning: This may allow anyone on the local network (or Internet) to - make "anonymous FTP" connections to this machine, which may not be - desirable. - - On the machine on which you are running the install, go to the "Options" - menu and set "Release Name" to "any". You may then choose a Media - type of FTP and type in: ``ftp://<machine with CDROM drive>'' after - picking "URL" in the ftp sites menu. - -2. If you would rather use NFS to export the CDROM directly to the - machine(s) you'll be installing from, you need to first add an - entry to the /etc/exports file (on the machine with the CDROM drive) - which looks something like this: - - /cdrom -ro ziggy.foo.com - - To allow the machine "ziggy.foo.com" to mount the CDROM directly - via NFS during installation. The machine with the CDROM must also - be configured as an NFS server, of course, and if you're not sure how - to do that then an NFS installation is probably not the best choice - for you unless you're willing to read up on rc.conf(5) and configure - things appropriately. Assuming that this part goes smoothly, you - should be able to enter: <cdrom-host>:/cdrom as the path for an NFS - installation when the target machine is installed. - - -1.2 Installing from Floppies ---- ------------------------ - -If you must install from floppy disks, either due to unsupported -hardware or just because you enjoy doing things the hard way, you must -first prepare some floppies for the install. - -First, make a set of boot floppies as described in floppies/README.TXT. - -Second, read the file LAYOUT.TXT and pay special attention to the -"Distribution format" section since it describes which files you're -going to need to put onto floppy and which you can safely skip. - -Next you will need, at minimum, as many 1.44MB floppies as it takes to -hold all files in the bin (binary distribution) directory. If you're -preparing these floppies under DOS, then THESE floppies *must* be -formatted using the MS-DOS FORMAT command. If you're using Windows, -use the Windows File Manager format command. - -Don't trust Factory Preformatted floppies! Format them again -yourself, just to make sure. Many problems reported by our users in -the past have resulted from the use of improperly formatted media, -which is why I'm taking such special care to mention it here! - -If you're creating the floppies from another FreeBSD machine, a format -is still not a bad idea though you don't need to put a DOS filesystem -on each floppy. You can use the `disklabel' and `newfs' commands to -put a UFS filesystem on a floppy, as the following sequence of -commands illustrates: - - fdformat -f 1440 fd0.1440 - disklabel -w -r fd0.1440 floppy3 - newfs -t 2 -u 18 -l 1 -i 65536 /dev/fd0 - -After you've formatted the floppies for DOS or UFS, you'll need to -copy the files onto them. The distribution files are split into -chunks conveniently sized so that 5 of them will fit on a conventional -1.44MB floppy. Go through all your floppies, packing as many files as -will fit on each one, until you've got all the distributions you want -packed up in this fashion. Each distribution should go into its own -subdirectory on the floppy, e.g.: a:\bin\bin.inf, a:\bin\bin.aa, -a:\bin\bin.ab, ... - -IMPORTANT NOTE: The bin.inf file also needs to go on the first floppy -of the bin set since it is read by the installation program in order -to figure out how many additional pieces to look for when fetching and -concatenating the distribution. When putting distributions onto -floppies, the <distname>.inf file MUST occupy the first floppy of each -distribution set! - -Once you come to the Media screen of the install, select "Floppy" and -you'll be prompted for the rest. - - -1.3 Installing from QIC/SCSI Tape ---- ----------------------------- - -When installing from tape, the installation program expects the files -to be simply tar'ed onto it, so after fetching all of the files for -the distributions you're interested in, simply tar them onto the tape -with a command something like this: - - cd /where/you/have/your/dists - tar cvf /dev/rwt0 (or /dev/rsa0) dist1 .. dist2 - -When you go to do the installation, you should also make sure that you -leave enough room in some temporary directory (which you'll be allowed -to choose) to accommodate the FULL contents of the tape you've -created. Due to the non-random access nature of tapes, this method of -installation requires quite a bit of temporary storage! You should -expect to require as much temporary storage as you have stuff written -on tape. - -SPECIAL NOTE: When going to do the installation, the tape must be in -the drive *before* booting from the boot floppy. The installation -"probe" may otherwise fail to find it. - -Now create a boot floppy as described in section 0.1 and proceed with -the installation. - - -1.4 Installing over a network using FTP or NFS ---- ------------------------------------------ - -After making a boot floppy as described in the first section, you can -load the rest of the installation over a network using one of 3 types -of connections: - - Serial port: SLIP / PPP - Parallel port: PLIP (using ``laplink'' style cable) - Ethernet: A standard Ethernet controller (including - certain PCCARD devices). - -Serial Port ------------ - -SLIP support is rather primitive, and is limited primarily to -hard-wired links, such as a serial cable running between two -computers. The link must be hard-wired because the SLIP installation -doesn't currently offer a dialing capability. If you need to dial out -with a modem or otherwise dialog with the link before connecting to -it, then I recommend that the PPP utility be used instead. - -If you're using PPP, make sure that you have your Internet Service -Provider's IP address and DNS information handy as you'll need to know -it fairly early in the installation process. You may also need to -know your own IP address, though PPP supports dynamic address -negotiation and may be able to pick up this information directly from -your ISP if they support it. - -You will also need to know how to use the various "AT commands" for -dialing out with your particular brand of modem as the PPP dialer -provides only a very simple terminal emulator. - - -Parallel Port -------------- - -If a hard-wired connection to another FreeBSD or Linux machine is -available, you might also consider installing over a "laplink" -style parallel port cable. The data rate over the parallel port -is much higher than what is typically possible over a serial line -(up to 50k/sec), thus resulting in a quicker installation. It's not -typically necessary to use "real" IP addresses when using a -point-to-point parallel cable in this way and you can generally just -use RFC 1918 style addresses for the ends of the link (e.g. 10.0.0.1, -10.0.0.2, etc). - -IMPORTANT NOTE: If you use a Linux machine rather than a FreeBSD -machine as your PLIP peer, you will also have to specify "link0" in -the TCP/IP setup screen's ``extra options for ifconfig'' field. - - -Ethernet --------- - -FreeBSD supports most common Ethernet cards, a table of supported -cards (and their required settings) being provided as part of the -FreeBSD Hardware Guide (see the Documentation menu on the boot floppy -or the top level directory of the CDROM). - -You will also need to know your IP address on the network, the -"netmask" value for your address class and the name of your machine. -Your system administrator can tell you which values are appropriate to -your particular network setup. If you will be referring to other -hosts by name rather than IP address, you'll also need a name server -and possibly the address of a gateway (if you're using PPP, it's your -provider's IP address) to use in talking to it. - -If you do not know the answers to these questions then you should -really probably talk to your system administrator _first_ before -trying this type of installation! Using a randomly chosen IP address -or netmask on a live network will almost certainly get you shot at -dawn. - -Once you have a network connection of some sort working, the -installation can continue over NFS or FTP. - - -1.4.1 NFS installation tips ------ --------------------- - - NFS installation is fairly straight-forward: Simply copy the - FreeBSD distribution files you want onto a server somewhere - and then point the NFS media selection at it. - - If this server supports only "privileged port" access (as is - generally the default for Sun and Linux workstations), you - will need to set this option in the Options menu before - installation can proceed. - - If you have a poor quality Ethernet card which suffers from very - slow transfer rates, you may also wish to toggle the appropriate - Options flag. - - In order for NFS installation to work, the server must also support - "subdir mounts", e.g. if your FreeBSD 2.2 distribution directory - lives on: ziggy:/usr/archive/stuff/FreeBSD - Then ziggy will have to allow the direct mounting of - /usr/archive/stuff/FreeBSD, not just /usr or /usr/archive/stuff. - - In FreeBSD's /etc/exports file this is controlled by the - ``-alldirs'' option. Other NFS servers may have different - conventions. If you are getting `Permission Denied' messages - from the server then it's likely that you don't have this - properly enabled! - - -1.4.2 FTP Installation tips ------ --------------------- - - FTP installation may be done from any mirror site containing a - reasonably up-to-date version of FreeBSD. A full menu of - reasonable choices for almost any location in the world is - provided in the FTP site menu during installation. - - If you are installing from some other FTP site not listed in - this menu, or you are having troubles getting your name server - configured properly, you can also specify your own URL by - selecting the ``URL'' choice in that menu. A URL can - contain a hostname or an IP address, so the following would - work in the absence of a name server: - - ftp://192.216.191.11/pub/FreeBSD - - There are three FTP installation modes you can use: - - o FTP: - - This method uses the standard "Active" mode for file - transfers which allows the server to initiate a connection - to the client. This will not work through most firewalls - but will often work best with older FTP servers that do - not support passive mode. If your connection hangs with - passive mode, try this one! - - o FTP Passive: - - This sets the FTP "Passive" mode which prevents the - server from opening connections to the client. This - option is best for users to pass through firewalls that - do not allow incoming connections on random port - addresses. - - o FTP via an HTTP proxy: - - This option instructs FreeBSD to use HTTP to connect to a - proxy for all FTP operations. The proxy will translate - the requests and send them to the FTP server. This - allows the user to pass through firewalls that do not - allow FTP at all, but offer an HTTP proxy. You must - specify the hostname of the proxy in addition to the FTP - server. - - In the rare case that you have an FTP proxy that does not go - through HTTP, you can specify the URL as something like : - - ftp://foo.bar.com:1234/pub/FreeBSD - - Where "1234" is the port number of the proxy ftp server. - - ----- End of Installation Guide --- |
