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diff --git a/release/sysinstall/help/en_US.ISO_8859-1/install.hlp b/release/sysinstall/help/en_US.ISO_8859-1/install.hlp index 72912c5..945c81b 100644 --- a/release/sysinstall/help/en_US.ISO_8859-1/install.hlp +++ b/release/sysinstall/help/en_US.ISO_8859-1/install.hlp @@ -1,20 +1,37 @@ INSTALLATION GUIDE FOR FreeBSD 2.0.5 This manual documents the process of installing FreeBSD on your -machine. Please also see the hardware guide for hardware-specific +machine. Please also see the Hardware Guide for hardware-specific installation instructions (how to configure your hardware, what sorts -of things to watch out for, etc). +of things to watch out for, etc) before starting a new installation. -If you're running DOS and want FreeBSD to interoperate with it, read -the following section first! Otherwise, you may skip to the next -section. +Table of Contents: +================== -+==========================================+ -|1. DOS user's Question and Answer section | -+==========================================+ +1.0 DOS User's Q&A section. + 1.1 How do I make space for FreeBSD? + 1.2 Can I use compressed DOS filesystems from FreeBSD? + 1.3 Can I use DOS extended partitions? + 1.4 Can I run DOS executables under FreeBSD? -1.1 Help! I have no space! Do I need to delete everything first? +2.0 Preparing for the installation. + 2.1 Before installing from CDROM + 2.2 Before installing from Floppy + 2.3 Before installing from a DOS partition + 2.4 Before installing from QIC/SCSI tape + 2.5 Before installing over a network + 2.5.1 Preparing for NFS Installation + 2.5.2 Preparing for FTP Installation + +3.0 Installing FreeBSD. + + + +1.0 DOS user's Question and Answer section +=== ====================================== + +1.1 Help! I have no space! Do I need to delete everything first? If your machine is already running DOS and has little or no free space available for FreeBSD's installation, all is not lost! You may find @@ -31,7 +48,7 @@ Distributions menu for an estimation of how much free space you'll need for the kind of installation you want. -1.2 Can I use compressed DOS filesystems from FreeBSD? +1.2 Can I use compressed DOS filesystems from FreeBSD? No. If you are using a utility such as Stacker(tm) or DoubleSpace(tm), FreeBSD will only be able to use whatever portion of the filesystem @@ -43,44 +60,57 @@ It is probably better to create another uncompressed DOS primary partition and use this for communications between DOS and FreeBSD. -1.3 Can I mount my DOS extended partitions? +1.3 Can I mount my DOS extended partitions? This feature isn't in FreeBSD 2.0.5 but should be in 2.1. We've laid all the groundwork for making this happen, now we just need to do the last 1% of the work involved. -1.4 Can I run DOS binaries under FreeBSD? +1.4 Can I run DOS binaries under FreeBSD? Not yet! We'd like to add support for this someday, but are still -lacking anyone to actually do the work.. +lacking anyone to actually do the work. Ongoing work with Linux's +DOSEMU utility may bring this much closer to being a reality sometime +soon. Send mail to hackers@freebsd.org if you're interested in +joining this effort! + +However, there is a neat utility called "pcemu" in the ports collection +which emulates an 8088 and enough BIOS services to run DOS text mode +applications. It requires the X Window System (provided as +XFree86 3.1.1u1). -+==================================+ -|2. PREPARING FOR THE INSTALLATION | -+==================================+ +2.0 Preparing for the installation +=== ============================== -2.1 Before installing from CDROM: +2.1 Before installing from CDROM: If your CDROM is of an unsupported type, such as an IDE CDROM, then -please skip to section 2.3: DOS Preparation. +please skip to section 2.3: Before installing from a DOS partition. There is not a lot of preparatory work that needs to be done to successfully install from one of Walnut Creek's FreeBSD CDROMs (other -CDROM distributions may work as well, but I can't say for sure as I +CDROM distributions may work as well, we simply cannot say as we have no hand or say in their creation). You can either boot into the -CD installation directly from DOS using Walnut Creek's supplied "go" -batch file or you can make a boot floppy by writing the supplied image -(floppies/boot.flp) onto a floppy. Under DOS, a good utility for this -is rawrite.exe, which may also be found in the tools/ subdirectory. -Under UNIX, you may find that ``dd if=floppies/boot.flp of=/dev/rfd0'' -or ``dd if=floppies/boot.flp of=/dev/floppy'' works well, depending on -your hardware. - -Once you've booted one way or the other, you should be able to select -CDROM as the media type when asked and load the entire distribution -from CDROM. No other media will be required. +CD installation directly from DOS using Walnut Creek's supplied +``install.bat'' batch file or you can make a boot floppy with +the ``makeflp.bat'' command. + +For the easiest interface of all (from DOS), type "go". This +will bring up a DOS menu utility that leads you through all +the available options. + +If you're creating the boot floppy from a UNIX machine, you may find +that ``dd if=floppies/boot.flp of=/dev/rfd0'' or +``dd if=floppies/boot.flp of=/dev/floppy'' works well, depending on +your hardware and operating system environment. + +Once you've booted from DOS or floppy, you should then be able to select +CDROM as the media type in the Media menu and load the entire +distribution from CDROM. No other types of installation media should +be required. After your system is fully installed and you have rebooted from the hard disk, you should find the CD mounted on the directory /cdrom. A @@ -89,15 +119,35 @@ may also find useful: It allows you to create "link tree" directories to things on Read-Only media like CDROM. One example might be something like this: - mkdir /usr/ports - lndir /cdrom/ports /usr/ports + mkdir /usr/ports + lndir /cdrom/ports /usr/ports Which would allow you to then "cd /usr/ports; make" and get all the sources from the CD, but yet create all the intermediate files in /usr/ports, which is presumably on a more writable media! :-) +SPECIAL NOTE: Before invoking the installation, be sure that the +CDROM is in the drive so that the "probe" can find it! +This is also true if you wish the CDROM to be added to the default +system configuration automatically during the install (whether or +not you actually use it as the installation media). This will be +fixed for 2.1, but for now this simple work-around will ensure that +your CDROM is detected properly. + +Finally, if you would like people to be able to FTP install +FreeBSD directly from the CDROM in your machine, you'll find +it quite easy. After the machine is fully installed, you simply +need to add the following line to the password file (using +the vipw command): + + ftp:*:99:99::0:0:FTP:/cdrom:/nonexistent -2.2 Before installing from Floppy: +No further work is necessary. The other installers will now be able +to chose a Media type of FTP and type in: ftp://<your machine> +after picking "Other" in the ftp sites menu! + + +2.2 Before installing from Floppy: If you must install from floppy disks, either due to unsupported hardware or just because you enjoy doing things the hard way, you must @@ -108,66 +158,89 @@ somewhat special in that it's not a DOS filesystem floppy at all, but rather an "image" floppy (it's actually a gzip'd cpio file). You can use the rawrite.exe program to do this under DOS, or ``dd'' to do it on a UNIX Workstation (see notes in section 2.1 concerning the -``floppies/boot.flp'' image). Once this floppy is made, put it aside. -You'll be asked for it later. +``floppies/boot.flp'' image). Once this floppy is made, go on +to make the distribution set floppies: -You will also need, at minimum, as many 1.44MB or 1.2MB floppies as it -takes to hold all files in the bin (binary distribution) directory. -THESE floppies *must* be formatted using MS-DOS, using with the FORMAT -command in MS-DOS or the File Manager format command in Microsoft -Windows(tm). Factory preformatted floppies will also work well, -provided that they haven't been previously used for something else. +You will need, at minimum, as many 1.44MB or 1.2MB floppies as it takes +to hold all files in the bin (binary distribution) directory. THESE +floppies *must* be formatted using MS-DOS, using the FORMAT command in +MS-DOS or the File Manager format command in Microsoft Windows(tm). +Don't trust Factory Preformatted floppies! Format them again yourself, +just to make sure! -Many problems reported by our users in the past have turned out to be -from the use of improperly formatted media, so we simply take special -care to mention it here! +Many problems reported by our users in the past have resulted from the +use of improperly formatted media, so we simply take special care to +mention it here! After you've DOS formatted the floppies, you'll need to copy the files onto them. The distribution files are split into chunks conveniently sized so that 5 of them will fit on a conventional 1.44MB floppy. Go through all your floppies, packing as many files as will fit on each one, until you've got all the distributions you want packed up in this -fashion. Select ``Floppy'' from the Media menu at installation time -and you will be prompted for everything after that. +fashion. Each distribution should go into a subdirectory on the +floppy, e.g.: a:\bin\bin.aa, a:\bin\bin.ab, ... + +Once you come to the Media screen of the install, select +"Floppy" and you'll be prompted for the rest. + + +2.3 Before installing from a DOS partition: +To prepare for installation from an MS-DOS partition you should +simply copy the files from the distribution into a directory called +"FREEBSD". For example, to do a minimal installation of FreeBSD from +DOS using files copied from the CDROM, you might do something like +this: -2.3 Before installing from a DOS partition: + C> MD C:\FREEBSD + C> XCOPY /S E:\DISTS\BIN C:\FREEBSD + C> XCOPY /S E:\FLOPPIES C:\FREEBSD -To prepare for installation from an MS-DOS partition, you should -simply copy the files from the distribution into a directory with the -same name as the distribution. For example, if you are preparing to -install the bin distribution set, then make a directory on your C: -drive named C:\FREEBSD\BIN and copy the files there. Copying the -distributions into subdirectories of the FREEBSD directory allows the -installation program to find the files automatically. +Asssuming that `C:' was where you had free space and `E:' was where +your CD was mounted. Note that you need the FLOPPIES directory +because the `root.flp' image is automatically looked for there when +you're doing a DOS installation. +For as many `DISTS' as you wish to install from DOS (and you have free +space for), install each one under `C:\FREEBSD' - the BIN dist is only +the minimal requirement. -2.4 Before installing from QIC/SCSI Tape: + +2.4 Before installing from QIC/SCSI Tape: Installing from tape is probably the easiest method, short of an -on-line install using FTP or installing from a CDROM. The -installation program expects the files to be simply tar'ed onto the -tape, so after getting all of the files for distribution you're -interested in, simply tar them onto the tape with a command like: +on-line install using FTP or a CDROM install. The installation program +expects the files to be simply tar'ed onto the tape, so after getting +all of the files for distribution you're interested in, simply tar +them onto the tape with a command like: + + cd /freebsd/distdir + tar cvf /dev/rwt0 (or /dev/rst0) dist1 .. dist2 + +Make sure that the `floppies/' directory is one of the "dists" given +above, since the installation will look for `floppies/root.flp' on +the tape. - cd /freebsd/distdir - tar cvf /dev/rwt0 (or /dev/rst0) dist1 .. dist2 +When you go to do the installation, you should also make sure that you +leave enough room in some temporary directory (which you'll be allowed +to choose) to accommodate the FULL contents of the tape you've +created. Due to the non-random access nature of tapes, this method of +installation requires quite a bit of temporary storage! You should +expect to require as much temporary storage as you have stuff written +on tape. -When you go to do the installation, you should make sure that you -leave enough room in the /usr/tmp directory to accomdate the FULL -contents of the tape you've created. Due to the non-random access -nature of tapes, this method of installation requires quite a bit of -temporary storage! You should expect to require as much temporary -storage as you have stuff written on tape! +SPECIAL NOTE: When going to do the installation, the tape must be in +the drive *before* booting from the boot floppy. The installation +"probe" may otherwise fail to find it. -2.5 Before installing over a network: +2.5 Before installing over a network: You can do network installations over 3 types of communications links: - Serial port: SLIP / PPP - Parallel port: PLIP (laplink cable) - Ethernet: A standard ethernet controller (includes some PCMCIA). + Serial port: SLIP / PPP + Parallel port: PLIP (laplink cable) + Ethernet: A standard ethernet controller (includes some PCMCIA). SLIP support is rather primitive, and limited primarily to hard-wired links, such as a serial cable running between a laptop computer and @@ -189,52 +262,186 @@ terminal emulator. If a hard-wired connection to another FreeBSD (2.0R or later) machine is available, you might also consider installing over a "laplink" parallel port cable. The data rate over the parallel port is much -higher than is what's typically possible over a serial line (up to +higher than what is typically possible over a serial line (up to 50k/sec), thus resulting in a quicker installation. -Finally, for the fastest possible installation, an ethernet adaptor is -always a good choice! FreeBSD supports most common PC ethernet cards, -a table of supported cards (and their required settings) provided as -part of the FreeBSD Hardware Guide - see the Documentation menu on the -boot floppy. If you are using one of the supported PCMCIA ethernet -cards, also be sure that it's plugged in _before_ the laptop is -powered on! FreeBSD does not, unfortunately, currently support "hot -insertion" of PCMCIA cards. - -You will also need to know your IP address on the network, the the -"netmask" value for your address class and the name of your machine. +Finally, for the fastest possible network installation, an ethernet +adaptor is always a good choice! FreeBSD supports most common PC +ethernet cards, a table of supported cards (and their required +settings) is provided as part of the FreeBSD Hardware Guide - see the +Documentation menu on the boot floppy. If you are using one of the +supported PCMCIA ethernet cards, also be sure that it's plugged in +_before_ the laptop is powered on! FreeBSD does not, unfortunately, +currently support "hot insertion" of PCMCIA cards. + +You will also need to know your IP address on the network, the +"netmask" value for your address class, and the name of your machine. Your system administrator can tell you which values to use for your particular network setup. If you will be referring to other hosts by name rather than IP address, you'll also need a name server and possibly the address of a gateway (if you're using PPP, it's your provider's IP address) to use in talking to it. If you do not know -the answers to all or or most of these questions, then you should +the answers to all or most of these questions, then you should really probably talk to your system administrator _first_ before trying this type of installation! - Once you have a network link of some sort working, the installation can continue over NFS or FTP. -NFS installation is fairly straight-forward: Simply copy the FreeBSD -distribution files you're interested onto a server somewhere and then -point the NFS media selection at it. If this server supports only -"privileged port" access, or you have a poor quality ethernet card -which suffers from very slow transfer rates, you may wish to -investigate the ``Ftp Options'' menu for special flags to set in these -case. +2.5.1 Preparing for NFS installation: + + NFS installation is fairly straight-forward: Simply copy the + FreeBSD distribution files you want onto a server somewhere + and then point the NFS media selection at it. -FTP installation may be done from any mirror site containing a -reasonably up-to-date version of FreeBSD 2.0.5. A full menu of -reasonable choices from almost anywhere in the world is provided in -the FTP site menu. + If this server supports only "privileged port" access (as is + generally the default for Sun workstations), you will need to set + this option in the Options menu before installation can proceed. + If you have a poor quality ethernet card which suffers from very + slow transfer rates, you may also wish to toggle the appropriate + Options flag. -+============================+ -|2. INSTALLING FREEBSD 2.0.5 | -+============================+ + In order for NFS installation to work, the server must support + "subdir mounts"; e.g., if your FreeBSD 2.0.5 distribution directory + lives on: ziggy:/usr/archive/stuff/FreeBSD + Then ziggy will have to allow the direct mounting of + /usr/archive/stuff/FreeBSD, not just /usr or /usr/archive/stuff. -Once you've done the appropriate preinstallation steps, you should install -FreeBSD! + In FreeBSD's /etc/exports file, this is controlled by the + ``-alldirs'' option. Other NFS servers may have different + conventions. If you are getting `Permission Denied' messages + from the server then it's likely that you don't have this + enabled properly! -/* XXX Put some more text in this section.. :-) XXX */ + +2.5.2 Preparing for FTP Installation + + FTP installation may be done from any mirror site containing a + reasonably up-to-date version of FreeBSD 2.0.5. A full menu of + reasonable choices from almost anywhere in the world is provided + by the FTP site menu. + + If you are installing from some other FTP site not listed in this + menu, or you are having troubles getting your name server configured + properly, you can also specify your own URL by selecting the ``Other'' + choice in that menu. A URL can also be a direct IP address, so + the following would work in the absence of a name server: + + ftp://192.216.222.4/pub/FreeBSD/2.0.5-RELEASE + + [Substitute "ALPHA" for "RELEASE" during the ALPHA test period!] + + If you are installing through a firewall then you should probably + select ``Passive mode'' ftp, which is the default. If you are + talking to a server which does not support passive mode for some + reason, see the Options menu to select Active mode transfers. + + +3. Installing FreeBSD +-- ------------------ + +Once you've taken note of the appropriate preinstallation steps, you +should be able to install FreeBSD without any further trouble. + +Should this not be true, then you may wish to go back and re-read the +relevant preparation section (section 2.x) for the installation media +type you're trying to use - perhaps there's a helpful hint there that +you missed the first time? If you're having hardware trouble, or +FreeBSD refuses to boot at all, read the Hardware Guide provided on +the boot floppy for a list of possible solutions. + +The FreeBSD boot floppy contains all the on-line documentation you +should need to be able to navigate through an installation and if it +doesn't then I'd like to know what you found most confusing! It is +the objective of the FreeBSD installation program (sysinstall) to be +self-documenting enough that painful "step-by-step" guides are no +longer necessary. It may take us a little while to reach that +objective, but that's the objective! + +Meanwhile, you may also find the following "typical installation sequence" +to be helpful: + +o Boot the boot floppy. After a boot sequence which can take + anywhere from from 30 seconds to 3 minutes, depending on your + hardware, you should be presented with a menu of initial + choices. If the floppy doesn't boot at all, or the boot + hangs at some stage, go read the Q&A section of the Hardware + Guide for possible causes. + +o Press F1. You should see some basic usage instructions on + the menu system and general navigation. If you haven't used this + menu system before then PLEASE read this thoroughly! + +o If English is not your native language, you may wish to proceed + directly to the Language option and set your preferred language. + This will bring up some of the documentation in that language + instead of english. + +o Select the Options item and set any special preferences you + may have. + +o Select Proceed, bringing you to the Installation Menu. + +Installation Menu: + +o You can do anything you like in this menu without altering + your system _except_ for "Commit", which will perform any + requests to alter your system you may have made. + + If you're confused at any point, the F1 key usually pulls + up the right information for the screen you're in. + + o The first step is generally `Partition', which allows + you to chose how your drives will be used for FreeBSD. + + o Next, with the `Label' editor, you can specify how the space + in any allocated FreeBSD partitions should be used by FreeBSD, + or where to mount a non-FreeBSD partition (such as DOS). + + o Next, the `Distributions' menu allows you to specify which + parts of FreeBSD you wish to load. A good choice is + "User" for a small system or "Developer" for someone + wanting a bit more out of FreeBSD. If none of the existing + collections sound applicable, select Custom. + + o Next, the `Media' menu allows you to specify what kind of + media you wish to install from. If a desired media choice is + found and configured automatically then this menu will simply + return, otherwise you'll be asked for additional details on + the media device type. + + o Finally, the Commit command will actually perform all the + actions at once (nothing has been written to your disk + so far, nor will it until you give the final confirmation). + All new or changed partition information will be written + out, file systems will be created and/or non-destructively + labelled (depending on how you set their newfs flags in the + Label editor) and all selected distributions will be + extracted. + + o The Configure menu choice allows you to furthur configure your + FreeBSD installation by giving you menu-driven access to + various system defaults. Some items, like networking, may + be especially important if you did a CDROM/Tape/Floppy + installation and have not yet configured your network + interfaces (assuming you have some). Properly configuring + your network here will allow FreeBSD to come up on the network + when you first reboot from the hard disk. + + o Exit returns you to the top menu. + + + At this point, you're generally done with the sysinstall utility and +can select the final `Quit'. If you're running it as an installer +(e.g., before the system is all the way up) then the system will now +reboot. If you selected the boot manager option, you will see a small +boot menu with an `F?' prompt. Press the function key for BSD (it +will be shown) and you should boot up into FreeBSD off the hard disk. + + If this fails to happen for some reason, see the Q & A section +of the Hardware Guide for possible clues! + + Jordan + +---- End of Installation Guide --- |
