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+.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993, 1994
+.\"	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
+.\"
+.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+.\" are met:
+.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+.\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
+.\"    must display the following acknowledgement:
+.\"	This product includes software developed by the University of
+.\"	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
+.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
+.\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+.\"    without specific prior written permission.
+.\"
+.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+.\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
+.\"
+.\"     @(#)chown.2	8.4 (Berkeley) 4/19/94
+.\" $FreeBSD$
+.\"
+.Dd April 19, 1994
+.Dt CHOWN 2
+.Os
+.Sh NAME
+.Nm chown ,
+.Nm fchown ,
+.Nm lchown
+.Nd change owner and group of a file
+.Sh LIBRARY
+.Lb libc
+.Sh SYNOPSIS
+.In unistd.h
+.Ft int
+.Fn chown "const char *path" "uid_t owner" "gid_t group"
+.Ft int
+.Fn fchown "int fd" "uid_t owner" "gid_t group"
+.Ft int
+.Fn lchown "const char *path" "uid_t owner" "gid_t group"
+.Sh DESCRIPTION
+The owner ID and group ID of the file
+named by
+.Fa path
+or referenced by
+.Fa fd
+is changed as specified by the arguments
+.Fa owner
+and
+.Fa group .
+The owner of a file may change the
+.Fa group
+to a group of which
+he or she is a member,
+but the change
+.Fa owner
+capability is restricted to the super-user.
+.Pp
+The
+.Fn chown
+system call
+clears the set-user-id and set-group-id bits
+on the file
+to prevent accidental or mischievous creation of
+set-user-id and set-group-id programs if not executed
+by the super-user.
+The
+.Fn chown
+system call
+follows symbolic links to operate on the target of the link
+rather than the link itself.
+.Pp
+The
+.Fn fchown
+system call
+is particularly useful when used in conjunction
+with the file locking primitives (see
+.Xr flock 2 ) .
+.Pp
+The
+.Fn lchown
+system call is similar to
+.Fn chown
+but does not follow symbolic links.
+.Pp
+One of the owner or group id's
+may be left unchanged by specifying it as -1.
+.Sh RETURN VALUES
+.Rv -std
+.Sh ERRORS
+The
+.Fn chown
+and
+.Fn lchown
+will fail and the file will be unchanged if:
+.Bl -tag -width Er
+.It Bq Er ENOTDIR
+A component of the path prefix is not a directory.
+.It Bq Er ENAMETOOLONG
+A component of a pathname exceeded 255 characters,
+or an entire path name exceeded 1023 characters.
+.It Bq Er ENOENT
+The named file does not exist.
+.It Bq Er EACCES
+Search permission is denied for a component of the path prefix.
+.It Bq Er ELOOP
+Too many symbolic links were encountered in translating the pathname.
+.It Bq Er EPERM
+The effective user ID is not the super-user.
+.It Bq Er EROFS
+The named file resides on a read-only file system.
+.It Bq Er EFAULT
+The
+.Fa path
+argument
+points outside the process's allocated address space.
+.It Bq Er EIO
+An I/O error occurred while reading from or writing to the file system.
+.El
+.Pp
+The
+.Fn fchown
+system call will fail if:
+.Bl -tag -width Er
+.It Bq Er EBADF
+The
+.Fa fd
+argument
+does not refer to a valid descriptor.
+.It Bq Er EINVAL
+The
+.Fa fd
+argument
+refers to a socket, not a file.
+.It Bq Er EPERM
+The effective user ID is not the super-user.
+.It Bq Er EROFS
+The named file resides on a read-only file system.
+.It Bq Er EIO
+An I/O error occurred while reading from or writing to the file system.
+.El
+.Sh SEE ALSO
+.Xr chgrp 1 ,
+.Xr chmod 2 ,
+.Xr flock 2 ,
+.Xr chown 8
+.Sh STANDARDS
+The
+.Fn chown
+system call is expected to conform to
+.St -p1003.1-90 .
+.Sh HISTORY
+The
+.Fn chown
+function appeared in
+.At v7 .
+The
+.Fn fchown
+system call appeared in
+.Bx 4.2 .
+.Pp
+The
+.Fn chown
+system call was changed to follow symbolic links in
+.Bx 4.4 .
+The
+.Fn lchown
+system call was added in
+.Fx 3.0
+to compensate for the loss of functionality.