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+.\" Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
+.\"	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
+.\"
+.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+.\" are met:
+.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+.\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
+.\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+.\"    without specific prior written permission.
+.\"
+.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+.\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
+.\"
+.\"	@(#)chflags.2	8.3 (Berkeley) 5/2/95
+.\" $FreeBSD$
+.\"
+.Dd May 16, 2006
+.Dt CHFLAGS 2
+.Os
+.Sh NAME
+.Nm chflags ,
+.Nm lchflags ,
+.Nm fchflags
+.Nd set file flags
+.Sh LIBRARY
+.Lb libc
+.Sh SYNOPSIS
+.In sys/stat.h
+.In unistd.h
+.Ft int
+.Fn chflags "const char *path" "u_long flags"
+.Ft int
+.Fn lchflags "const char *path" "int flags"
+.Ft int
+.Fn fchflags "int fd" "u_long flags"
+.Sh DESCRIPTION
+The file whose name
+is given by
+.Fa path
+or referenced by the descriptor
+.Fa fd
+has its flags changed to
+.Fa flags .
+.Pp
+The
+.Fn lchflags
+system call is like
+.Fn chflags
+except in the case where the named file is a symbolic link,
+in which case
+.Fn lchflags
+will change the flags of the link itself,
+rather than the file it points to.
+.Pp
+The flags specified are formed by
+.Em or Ns 'ing
+the following values
+.Pp
+.Bl -tag -width ".Dv SF_IMMUTABLE" -compact -offset indent
+.It Dv UF_NODUMP
+Do not dump the file.
+.It Dv UF_IMMUTABLE
+The file may not be changed.
+.It Dv UF_APPEND
+The file may only be appended to.
+.It Dv UF_NOUNLINK
+The file may not be renamed or deleted.
+.It Dv UF_OPAQUE
+The directory is opaque when viewed through a union stack.
+.It Dv SF_ARCHIVED
+The file may be archived.
+.It Dv SF_IMMUTABLE
+The file may not be changed.
+.It Dv SF_APPEND
+The file may only be appended to.
+.It Dv SF_NOUNLINK
+The file may not be renamed or deleted.
+.It Dv SF_SNAPSHOT
+The file is a snapshot file.
+.El
+.Pp
+If one of
+.Dv SF_IMMUTABLE , SF_APPEND ,
+or
+.Dv SF_NOUNLINK
+is set a non-super-user cannot change any flags and even the super-user
+can change flags only if securelevel is greater than 0.
+(See
+.Xr init 8
+for details.)
+.Pp
+The
+.Dv UF_IMMUTABLE , UF_APPEND , UF_NOUNLINK , UF_NODUMP ,
+and
+.Dv UF_OPAQUE
+flags may be set or unset by either the owner of a file or the super-user.
+.Pp
+The
+.Dv SF_IMMUTABLE , SF_APPEND , SF_NOUNLINK ,
+and
+.Dv SF_ARCHIVED
+flags may only be set or unset by the super-user.
+Attempts to set these flags by non-super-users are rejected, attempts by
+non-superusers to clear flags that are already unset are silently ignored.
+These flags may be set at any time, but normally may only be unset when
+the system is in single-user mode.
+(See
+.Xr init 8
+for details.)
+.Pp
+The
+.Dv SF_SNAPSHOT
+flag is maintained by the system and cannot be changed by any user.
+.Sh RETURN VALUES
+.Rv -std
+.Sh ERRORS
+The
+.Fn chflags
+system call will fail if:
+.Bl -tag -width Er
+.It Bq Er ENOTDIR
+A component of the path prefix is not a directory.
+.It Bq Er ENAMETOOLONG
+A component of a pathname exceeded 255 characters,
+or an entire path name exceeded 1023 characters.
+.It Bq Er ENOENT
+The named file does not exist.
+.It Bq Er EACCES
+Search permission is denied for a component of the path prefix.
+.It Bq Er ELOOP
+Too many symbolic links were encountered in translating the pathname.
+.It Bq Er EPERM
+The effective user ID does not match the owner of the file and
+the effective user ID is not the super-user.
+.It Bq Er EPERM
+One of
+.Dv SF_IMMUTABLE , SF_APPEND ,
+or
+.Dv SF_NOUNLINK
+is set and the user is either not the super-user or
+securelevel is greater than 0.
+.It Bq Er EPERM
+A non-super-user tries to set one of
+.Dv SF_IMMUTABLE , SF_APPEND ,
+or
+.Dv SF_NOUNLINK .
+.It Bq Er EPERM
+User tries to set or remove the
+.Dv SF_SNAPSHOT
+flag.
+.It Bq Er EROFS
+The named file resides on a read-only file system.
+.It Bq Er EFAULT
+The
+.Fa path
+argument
+points outside the process's allocated address space.
+.It Bq Er EIO
+An
+.Tn I/O
+error occurred while reading from or writing to the file system.
+.It Bq Er EOPNOTSUPP
+The underlying file system does not support file flags.
+.El
+.Pp
+The
+.Fn fchflags
+system call will fail if:
+.Bl -tag -width Er
+.It Bq Er EBADF
+The descriptor is not valid.
+.It Bq Er EINVAL
+The
+.Fa fd
+argument
+refers to a socket, not to a file.
+.It Bq Er EPERM
+The effective user ID does not match the owner of the file and
+the effective user ID is not the super-user.
+.It Bq Er EPERM
+One of
+.Dv SF_IMMUTABLE , SF_APPEND ,
+or
+.Dv SF_NOUNLINK
+is set and the user is either not the super-user or
+securelevel is greater than 0.
+.It Bq Er EPERM
+A non-super-user tries to set one of
+.Dv SF_IMMUTABLE , SF_APPEND ,
+or
+.Dv SF_NOUNLINK .
+.It Bq Er EROFS
+The file resides on a read-only file system.
+.It Bq Er EIO
+An
+.Tn I/O
+error occurred while reading from or writing to the file system.
+.It Bq Er EOPNOTSUPP
+The underlying file system does not support file flags.
+.El
+.Sh SEE ALSO
+.Xr chflags 1 ,
+.Xr fflagstostr 3 ,
+.Xr strtofflags 3 ,
+.Xr init 8 ,
+.Xr mount_unionfs 8
+.Sh HISTORY
+The
+.Fn chflags
+and
+.Fn fchflags
+system calls first appeared in
+.Bx 4.4 .