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-.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993
-.\"	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
-.\"
-.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
-.\" are met:
-.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
-.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
-.\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
-.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
-.\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
-.\"    without specific prior written permission.
-.\"
-.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
-.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
-.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
-.\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
-.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
-.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
-.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
-.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
-.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
-.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
-.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
-.\"
-.\"     @(#)signal.3	8.3 (Berkeley) 4/19/94
-.\" $FreeBSD$
-.\"
-.Dd June 7, 2004
-.Dt SIGNAL 3
-.Os
-.Sh NAME
-.Nm signal
-.Nd simplified software signal facilities
-.Sh LIBRARY
-.Lb libc
-.Sh SYNOPSIS
-.In signal.h
-.\" XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX
-.\" The prototype for signal(3) cannot be cleanly marked up in -mdoc
-.\" without the following lower-level tweak.
-.nr in-synopsis-section 0
-.Pp
-.Ft "void \*(lp*" Ns
-.Fo signal
-.Fa "int sig"
-.Fa "void \*(lp*func\*(rp\*(lpint\*(rp"
-.Fc Ns
-.Ft "\*(rp\*(lpint\*(rp" ;
-.Pp
-.nr in-synopsis-section 1
-.\" XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX
-or in
-.Fx Ap s
-equivalent but easier to read typedef'd version:
-.Ft typedef "void \*(lp*sig_t\*(rp \*(lpint\*(rp" ;
-.Pp
-.Ft sig_t
-.Fn signal "int sig" "sig_t func"
-.Sh DESCRIPTION
-This
-.Fn signal
-facility
-is a simplified interface to the more general
-.Xr sigaction 2
-facility.
-.Pp
-Signals allow the manipulation of a process from outside its
-domain as well as allowing the process to manipulate itself or
-copies of itself (children).
-There are two general types of signals:
-those that cause termination of a process and those that do not.
-Signals which cause termination of a program might result from
-an irrecoverable error or might be the result of a user at a terminal
-typing the `interrupt' character.
-Signals are used when a process is stopped because it wishes to access
-its control terminal while in the background (see
-.Xr tty 4 ) .
-Signals are optionally generated
-when a process resumes after being stopped,
-when the status of child processes changes,
-or when input is ready at the control terminal.
-Most signals result in the termination of the process receiving them
-if no action
-is taken; some signals instead cause the process receiving them
-to be stopped, or are simply discarded if the process has not
-requested otherwise.
-Except for the
-.Dv SIGKILL
-and
-.Dv SIGSTOP
-signals, the
-.Fn signal
-function allows for a signal to be caught, to be ignored, or to generate
-an interrupt.
-These signals are defined in the file
-.In signal.h :
-.Bl -column No ".Dv SIGVTALRM" "create core image"
-.It Sy "No	Name	Default Action	Description"
-.It 1 Ta Dv SIGHUP Ta "terminate process" Ta "terminal line hangup"
-.It 2 Ta Dv SIGINT Ta "terminate process" Ta "interrupt program"
-.It 3 Ta Dv SIGQUIT Ta "create core image" Ta "quit program"
-.It 4 Ta Dv SIGILL Ta "create core image" Ta "illegal instruction"
-.It 5 Ta Dv SIGTRAP Ta "create core image" Ta "trace trap"
-.It 6 Ta Dv SIGABRT Ta "create core image" Ta "abort program"
-(formerly
-.Dv SIGIOT )
-.It 7 Ta Dv SIGEMT Ta "create core image" Ta "emulate instruction executed"
-.It 8 Ta Dv SIGFPE Ta "create core image" Ta "floating-point exception"
-.It 9 Ta Dv SIGKILL Ta "terminate process" Ta "kill program"
-.It 10 Ta Dv SIGBUS Ta "create core image" Ta "bus error"
-.It 11 Ta Dv SIGSEGV Ta "create core image" Ta "segmentation violation"
-.It 12 Ta Dv SIGSYS Ta "create core image" Ta "non-existent system call invoked"
-.It 13 Ta Dv SIGPIPE Ta "terminate process" Ta "write on a pipe with no reader"
-.It 14 Ta Dv SIGALRM Ta "terminate process" Ta "real-time timer expired"
-.It 15 Ta Dv SIGTERM Ta "terminate process" Ta "software termination signal"
-.It 16 Ta Dv SIGURG Ta "discard signal" Ta "urgent condition present on socket"
-.It 17 Ta Dv SIGSTOP Ta "stop process" Ta "stop (cannot be caught or ignored)"
-.It 18 Ta Dv SIGTSTP Ta "stop process" Ta "stop signal generated from keyboard"
-.It 19 Ta Dv SIGCONT Ta "discard signal" Ta "continue after stop"
-.It 20 Ta Dv SIGCHLD Ta "discard signal" Ta "child status has changed"
-.It 21 Ta Dv SIGTTIN Ta "stop process" Ta "background read attempted from"
-control terminal
-.It 22 Ta Dv SIGTTOU Ta "stop process" Ta "background write attempted to"
-control terminal
-.It 23 Ta Dv SIGIO Ta "discard signal" Ta Tn "I/O"
-is possible on a descriptor (see
-.Xr fcntl 2 )
-.It 24 Ta Dv SIGXCPU Ta "terminate process" Ta "cpu time limit exceeded (see"
-.Xr setrlimit 2 )
-.It 25 Ta Dv SIGXFSZ Ta "terminate process" Ta "file size limit exceeded (see"
-.Xr setrlimit 2 )
-.It 26 Ta Dv SIGVTALRM Ta "terminate process" Ta "virtual time alarm (see"
-.Xr setitimer 2 )
-.It 27 Ta Dv SIGPROF Ta "terminate process" Ta "profiling timer alarm (see"
-.Xr setitimer 2 )
-.It 28 Ta Dv SIGWINCH Ta "discard signal" Ta "Window size change"
-.It 29 Ta Dv SIGINFO Ta "discard signal" Ta "status request from keyboard"
-.It 30 Ta Dv SIGUSR1 Ta "terminate process" Ta "User defined signal 1"
-.It 31 Ta Dv SIGUSR2 Ta "terminate process" Ta "User defined signal 2"
-.It 32 Ta Dv SIGTHR Ta "terminate process" Ta "thread interrupt"
-.El
-.Pp
-The
-.Fa sig
-argument specifies which signal was received.
-The
-.Fa func
-procedure allows a user to choose the action upon receipt of a signal.
-To set the default action of the signal to occur as listed above,
-.Fa func
-should be
-.Dv SIG_DFL .
-A
-.Dv SIG_DFL
-resets the default action.
-To ignore the signal
-.Fa func
-should be
-.Dv SIG_IGN .
-This will cause subsequent instances of the signal to be ignored
-and pending instances to be discarded.
-If
-.Dv SIG_IGN
-is not used,
-further occurrences of the signal are
-automatically blocked and
-.Fa func
-is called.
-.Pp
-The handled signal is unblocked when the
-function returns and
-the process continues from where it left off when the signal occurred.
-.Bf -symbolic
-Unlike previous signal facilities, the handler
-func() remains installed after a signal has been delivered.
-.Ef
-.Pp
-For some system calls, if a signal is caught while the call is
-executing and the call is prematurely terminated,
-the call is automatically restarted.
-Any handler installed with
-.Xr signal 3
-will have the
-.Dv SA_RESTART
-flag set, meaning that any restartable system call will not return on
-receipt of a signal.
-The affected system calls include
-.Xr read 2 ,
-.Xr write 2 ,
-.Xr sendto 2 ,
-.Xr recvfrom 2 ,
-.Xr sendmsg 2
-and
-.Xr recvmsg 2
-on a communications channel or a low speed device
-and during a
-.Xr ioctl 2
-or
-.Xr wait 2 .
-However, calls that have already committed are not restarted,
-but instead return a partial success (for example, a short read count).
-These semantics could be changed with
-.Xr siginterrupt 3 .
-.Pp
-When a process which has installed signal handlers forks,
-the child process inherits the signals.
-All caught signals may be reset to their default action by a call
-to the
-.Xr execve 2
-function;
-ignored signals remain ignored.
-.Pp
-If a process explicitly specifies
-.Dv SIG_IGN
-as the action for the signal
-.Dv SIGCHLD ,
-the system will not create zombie processes when children
-of the calling process exit.
-As a consequence, the system will discard the exit status
-from the child processes.
-If the calling process subsequently issues a call to
-.Xr wait 2
-or equivalent, it will block until all of the calling process's
-children terminate, and then return a value of \-1 with
-.Va errno
-set to
-.Er ECHILD .
-.Pp
-See
-.Xr sigaction 2
-for a list of functions
-that are considered safe for use in signal handlers.
-.Sh RETURN VALUES
-The previous action is returned on a successful call.
-Otherwise, SIG_ERR is returned and the global variable
-.Va errno
-is set to indicate the error.
-.Sh ERRORS
-The
-.Fn signal
-function
-will fail and no action will take place if one of the
-following occur:
-.Bl -tag -width Er
-.It Bq Er EINVAL
-The
-.Fa sig
-argument
-is not a valid signal number.
-.It Bq Er EINVAL
-An attempt is made to ignore or supply a handler for
-.Dv SIGKILL
-or
-.Dv SIGSTOP .
-.El
-.Sh SEE ALSO
-.Xr kill 1 ,
-.Xr kill 2 ,
-.Xr ptrace 2 ,
-.Xr sigaction 2 ,
-.Xr sigaltstack 2 ,
-.Xr sigprocmask 2 ,
-.Xr sigsuspend 2 ,
-.Xr wait 2 ,
-.Xr fpsetmask 3 ,
-.Xr setjmp 3 ,
-.Xr siginterrupt 3 ,
-.Xr tty 4
-.Sh HISTORY
-The
-.Nm
-facility appeared in
-.Bx 4.0 .
-The option to avoid the creation of child zombies through ignoring
-.Dv SIGCHLD
-appeared in
-.Fx 5.0 .