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+/* $NetBSD: ldexp.c,v 1.1 1995/02/10 17:50:24 cgd Exp $ */
+
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 1994, 1995 Carnegie-Mellon University.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Author: Chris G. Demetriou
+ *
+ * Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and
+ * its documentation is hereby granted, provided that both the copyright
+ * notice and this permission notice appear in all copies of the
+ * software, derivative works or modified versions, and any portions
+ * thereof, and that both notices appear in supporting documentation.
+ *
+ * CARNEGIE MELLON ALLOWS FREE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE IN ITS "AS IS"
+ * CONDITION. CARNEGIE MELLON DISCLAIMS ANY LIABILITY OF ANY KIND
+ * FOR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+ *
+ * Carnegie Mellon requests users of this software to return to
+ *
+ * Software Distribution Coordinator or Software.Distribution@CS.CMU.EDU
+ * School of Computer Science
+ * Carnegie Mellon University
+ * Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890
+ *
+ * any improvements or extensions that they make and grant Carnegie the
+ * rights to redistribute these changes.
+ */
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <machine/ieee.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <math.h>
+
+/*
+ * double ldexp(double val, int exp)
+ * returns: val * (2**exp)
+ */
+double
+ldexp(val, exp)
+ double val;
+ int exp;
+{
+ register int oldexp, newexp, mulexp;
+ union doub {
+ double v;
+ struct ieee_double s;
+ } u, mul;
+
+ /*
+ * If input is zero, or no change, just return input.
+ * Likewise, if input is Inf or NaN, just return it.
+ */
+ u.v = val;
+ oldexp = u.s.dbl_exp;
+ if (val == 0 || exp == 0 || oldexp == DBL_EXP_INFNAN)
+ return (val);
+
+ /*
+ * Compute new exponent and check for over/under flow.
+ * Underflow, unfortunately, could mean switching to denormal.
+ * If result out of range, set ERANGE and return 0 if too small
+ * or Inf if too big, with the same sign as the input value.
+ */
+ newexp = oldexp + exp;
+ if (newexp >= DBL_EXP_INFNAN) {
+ /* u.s.dbl_sign = val < 0; -- already set */
+ u.s.dbl_exp = DBL_EXP_INFNAN;
+ u.s.dbl_frach = u.s.dbl_fracl = 0;
+ errno = ERANGE;
+ return (u.v); /* Inf */
+ }
+ if (newexp <= 0) {
+ /*
+ * The output number is either a denormal or underflows
+ * (see comments in machine/ieee.h).
+ */
+ if (newexp <= -DBL_FRACBITS) {
+ /* u.s.dbl_sign = val < 0; -- already set */
+ u.s.dbl_exp = 0;
+ u.s.dbl_frach = u.s.dbl_fracl = 0;
+ errno = ERANGE;
+ return (u.v); /* zero */
+ }
+ /*
+ * We are going to produce a denorm. Our `exp' argument
+ * might be as small as -2097, and we cannot compute
+ * 2^-2097, so we may have to do this as many as three
+ * steps (not just two, as for positive `exp's below).
+ */
+ mul.v = 0;
+ while (exp <= -DBL_EXP_BIAS) {
+ mul.s.dbl_exp = 1;
+ val *= mul.v;
+ exp += DBL_EXP_BIAS - 1;
+ }
+ mul.s.dbl_exp = exp + DBL_EXP_BIAS;
+ val *= mul.v;
+ return (val);
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * Newexp is positive.
+ *
+ * If oldexp is zero, we are starting with a denorm, and simply
+ * adjusting the exponent will produce bogus answers. We need
+ * to fix that first.
+ */
+ if (oldexp == 0) {
+ /*
+ * Multiply by 2^mulexp to make the number normalizable.
+ * We cannot multiply by more than 2^1023, but `exp'
+ * argument might be as large as 2046. A single
+ * adjustment, however, will normalize the number even
+ * for huge `exp's, and then we can use exponent
+ * arithmetic just as for normal `double's.
+ */
+ mulexp = exp <= DBL_EXP_BIAS ? exp : DBL_EXP_BIAS;
+ mul.v = 0;
+ mul.s.dbl_exp = mulexp + DBL_EXP_BIAS;
+ val *= mul.v;
+ if (mulexp == exp)
+ return (val);
+ u.v = val;
+ newexp -= mulexp;
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * Both oldexp and newexp are positive; just replace the
+ * old exponent with the new one.
+ */
+ u.s.dbl_exp = newexp;
+ return (u.v);
+}
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